WO2012163111A1 - 一种封闭系统内板材位置指示系统 - Google Patents

一种封闭系统内板材位置指示系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012163111A1
WO2012163111A1 PCT/CN2012/071503 CN2012071503W WO2012163111A1 WO 2012163111 A1 WO2012163111 A1 WO 2012163111A1 CN 2012071503 W CN2012071503 W CN 2012071503W WO 2012163111 A1 WO2012163111 A1 WO 2012163111A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
module
board
unit
dryer
counting
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PCT/CN2012/071503
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨小东
周建中
张羽飞
冯宪良
江涛
Original Assignee
北新集团建材股份有限公司
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Application filed by 北新集团建材股份有限公司 filed Critical 北新集团建材股份有限公司
Publication of WO2012163111A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012163111A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/02Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G01B11/04Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness specially adapted for measuring length or width of objects while moving

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sheet position indicating system in a closed system.
  • the solidified gypsum board needs to be dried, and the equipment for completing this process is a dryer.
  • the dryer is a square tubular structure, and the heat source is from the hot air generated by the hot flue gas generated by the boiling furnace through the heat exchanger.
  • the dryer body has a heat insulating layer, and the inside thereof forms a relatively closed space outside. It is impossible to observe the progress of the gypsum board entering the dryer, and it is impossible to know the detailed distribution of the gypsum board inside the dryer.
  • the quality of the finished gypsum board is closely related to the temperature of the dryer in the drying process in the dryer.
  • the temperature control is closely related to the distribution of the gypsum board. Therefore, understanding the distribution of gypsum board in the dryer has a direct impact on the product qualification rate, and the closed structure of the dryer causes direct observation.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a closed system in-system position indication system that can conveniently and reliably display the position of a panel in a closed system.
  • the present invention provides a plate position indication system in a closed system, comprising a sub-board module, a ranging module, a counting module and a display module:
  • the sub-board module is configured to respectively distribute the conveyed gypsum boards into different layers of the dryer, and send the sub-board information to the counting module;
  • the ranging module is configured to measure a walking distance of the gypsum board in the dryer, and send the distance information to the counting module;
  • the counting module is configured to receive information sent by the sub-board module and the ranging module, perform counting, and send the counting result to the display module;
  • the display module is configured to receive the counting result sent by the counting module for display.
  • the above system can also have the following characteristics:
  • the partitioning module includes a distribution bridge, and the distribution bridge is arranged to distribute the conveyed gypsum board into different layers of the dryer, and a photoelectric switch is further disposed on the distribution bridge, and the photoelectric switch is set to detect The board information is sent to the counting module as an electrical signal.
  • the above system may also have the following features:
  • the ranging module includes a pitch detecting switch that generates a pulse for each pitch and transmits the pulse to the counting module.
  • the counting module includes a position unit, a first unit, a shift unit, and a sequence unit;
  • the position unit is configured to divide the inside of the dryer into a plurality of positions with corresponding lengths according to the length of the gypsum board, and send the position parameters to the first unit, the shift unit, and the number unit.
  • display module
  • the first unit is configured to receive an electrical signal sent by the sub-board module and a position parameter sent by the location unit, determine whether the first location has a gypsum board, and the information of the gypsum board is 1 or 0 respectively. a digital signal representative sent to the shifting unit;
  • the shifting unit is configured to receive a positional parameter sent by the location unit, determine each location, receive a digital signal of the first location information sent by the first location unit, determine an initial location state, and receive the ranging module to send According to the positional parameter sent by the position unit, after determining that the gypsum board is full of a position length, the digital parameters of each position in the initial state are sequentially shifted forward, and the gypsum is determined in each position at this time. a digital parameter of the board, and transmitting the digital parameter to the sequence unit;
  • the number column unit is configured to receive a position parameter sent by the position unit and a digital parameter sent by the shift unit, perform correspondingly, determine whether there is a gypsum board at each position in the dryer, and determine the result Send to the display module.
  • the above system may also have the following features:
  • the display module includes a display screen, and the display module indicates a gypsum board in red and a gypsum board in green.
  • the above system may also have the following features:
  • the counting module is a programmable logic controller
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing the structure of a sheet position indicating system in a closed system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Preferred embodiment of the invention
  • the board position indication system of the present embodiment includes a board module 1, a distance measuring module 2, a counting module 3, and a display module 4.
  • the sub-board module 1 is used to divide the drying machine 5 into boards; the distance measuring module 2 is used to measure the walking distance of the gypsum board 6 in the dryer 5; the counting module 3 is used to analyze the gypsum board 6 in the drying according to the sub-board and ranging conditions.
  • the position state in the machine 5; the display module 4 is for displaying the positional state of the gypsum board 6 in the dryer 5.
  • the sub-board module 1 distributes the conveyed gypsum boards 6 into different layers of the dryer 5, and sends the sub-board information to the counting module 3.
  • the distance measuring module 2 measures the walking distance of the gypsum board 6 in the dryer 5, and transmits the distance information to the counting module 3.
  • the counting module 3 receives the information sent by the sub-board module 1 and the ranging module 2, counts it, and sends the counting result to the display module 4.
  • the display module 4 receives the count result sent from the counting module 3 and displays it.
  • the sub-board module 1 detects the sub-board condition
  • the distance measuring module 2 measures the moving distance of the board
  • the counting module 3 performs comprehensive counting to determine the position status of the board, and displays it through the display module 4, so that the board can be conveniently and reliably displayed.
  • the dryer 5 closes the position state in the system, which is convenient for adjusting the heat distribution of each part of the dryer 5, improving the production rate of the gypsum board 6 sheet, and saving energy, greatly Improve the competitiveness of products.
  • the sub-board module 1 may include a distribution bridge 11 that distributes the conveyed gypsum board 6 into different layers of the dryer 5.
  • a photoelectric switch 12 is also connected to the distribution bridge 11, and the photoelectric switch 12 detects the sub-board information, and sends the sub-board information to the counting module 3 as an electrical signal.
  • the ranging module 2 may include a pitch detecting switch 21 that generates a pulse for each pitch and transmits the pulse to the counting module 3.
  • the counting module 3 may include a position unit 31, a first unit 32, a shift unit 33, and a sequence unit 34. among them:
  • the position unit 31 divides the inside of the dryer 5 into a plurality of positions with corresponding lengths in a sequential direction according to the length of the gypsum board 6, and transmits the position parameters to the first unit 32, the shift unit 33, the number unit 34, and Display module 4.
  • the first unit 32 receives the electrical signal sent by the sub-board module 1 and the positional parameter sent by the position unit 31, determines whether the first position has the gypsum board 6, and displays the information of the gypsum board 6 with the digital signals of 1, 0, respectively. It is sent to the shift unit 33.
  • the shifting unit 33 receives the positional parameter sent by the positional unit 31, determines each position; the shifting unit 33 receives the digital signal of the first positional information sent by the first-level unit 32, and determines the initial positional state; the shifting unit 33 receives the ranging module. 2, the transmitted pulse, and according to the positional parameter sent by the position unit 31, after determining that the gypsum board 6 is full of a position length, the digital parameters of each position in the initial state are sequentially shifted forward, and the positions are determined in turn. The digital parameters of the gypsum board 6 are not provided and the digital parameters are sent to the sequence unit 34.
  • the sequence unit 34 receives the positional parameters transmitted from the position unit 31 and the digital parameters transmitted from the shifting unit 33, and makes a one-to-one correspondence, determines whether or not the gypsum board 6 is present at each position in the dryer 5, and transmits the determination result to the display. Module 4.
  • the display module 4 may include a display screen, and the display module 4 indicates a stone-free board 6 in green and a plaster board 6 in red. Through the different color markings in each area, the position of the gypsum board 6 in the dryer 5 can be clearly understood, and then the heat distribution can be adjusted according to the position state to improve product quality and reduce energy consumption.
  • the counting module 3 is a PLC. ⁇ Use PLC as counting module 3, due to PLC
  • the technology is mature, and secondary development can be carried out on the basis of this technology, which saves development costs and ensures reliable and stable control.
  • the embodiment has the advantages of simple structure, safe and reliable implementation, wide applicability, convenient standardization production, and favorable promotion and use.
  • the dryer 5 may include a zone, a zone 2, a zone 3, and a preheating zone and a cooling zone.
  • the solidified gypsum board 6 (wet plate) enters the dryer from the preheating zone and travels forward by the main drive.
  • the heating and drying of the first, second and third zones and the cooling of the cooling zone are sent out to the next process.
  • the hot flue gas generated by the combustion of the boiling furnace first enters the heat exchanger of the first and second zones, where it exchanges heat with the colder air to heat the cold air; the exchanged hot flue gas enters the three-zone exchanger for heat exchange, and finally passes the electricity.
  • the heat in the 5-zone and the second zone of the dryer is derived from the heat exchanger of the first and second zones.
  • the hot air of the heat exchanger of the zone enters the dryer 5 and the gypsum board 6 in the dryer 5 for heat.
  • Exchanging that is, drying the gypsum board 6, the temperature of the air after heat exchange is lowered (called cold air), passing through the pipeline and the gate, part of which returns to the heat exchanger of one zone for the next heat exchange, and the other part does not return.
  • the heat exchanger is directly mixed with the hot air at the outlet of the heat exchanger of the zone through the shutter.
  • the temperature of one zone of the dryer 5 is controlled by adjusting the opening of the shutter to adjust the amount of hot air and cold air.
  • Dryer 5 The distribution and number of wet plates in the zone will affect the temperature of the zone. The amount of hot air and cold air should be adjusted according to the distribution of the wet plates. In short, the number of wet plates affects the heat load, and the heat source supply should be adjusted in real time according to the magnitude of the heat load to ensure that the temperature is maintained at a stable value without large fluctuations.
  • the temperature control principle of the second and third zones of the dryer 5 is the same as that of the first zone.
  • a photoelectric switch 12 is mounted on the distribution bridge 11, and when the gypsum board 6 enters the dryer 5 through the distribution bridge 11, the photoelectric switch 12 outputs A switching signal is given to the PLC. Because we are concerned about the distribution of gypsum board 6 in each area of the whole dryer 5, rather than the specific position of a certain board, if we look at the gypsum board 6 which sequentially enters the dryer 5 as a queue, then we It is only necessary to know the position of the head and tail of the queue, which also determines the position of the whole team of gypsum board 6.
  • the PLC processes the signals collected by the , and mainly performs the following tasks: the judgment of the team's first team, the calculation of the travel distance, the shift operation, and the abnormal situation processing.
  • the distribution bridge 11 photoelectric switch 12 outputs a pulse signal, activates the in-plane display program, and the system starts to work.
  • the system considers that the head of the gypsum board 6 queue arrives, starts counting the pitch n that the main drive chain has passed, and stores the result.
  • the dryer 5 is divided into 75 small units, each unit is numbered from the back to the first, numbered 1 - 75, which corresponds to the door of the dryer 5 -
  • the staff members know that the gypsum board 6 has reached the door of the dryer 5, which is very convenient.
  • the width of each door of the dryer 5 is basically the same, both are 2 meters.
  • the width of the door at the junction of a few areas and the area is not 2 meters, and some are more than 2 meters, and some are less than 2 meters. According to the compensation principle, Can be approximated to 2 meters.
  • the interval between the two boards is about 110. Seconds, then if the two boarding time is greater than 110 seconds, the gypsum board 6 queue of this layer will be interrupted, that is, the queue end of the queue will come. In actual production, after debugging, this time is set to 120. The second is more suitable. If the interval is more than 120 seconds, the system does not enter the board. The system thinks that the team is coming.
  • the bit that loads the data enters the bit queue, the data moves across the queue, and the last bit of the data in the queue is dismounted.
  • the enable bit is set and the data block is moved to the lower position.
  • the bit specified by the bit address is moved to the position of the last bit.
  • the first bit is shifted out of the queue and stored in the unload bit of the control element status byte, and the shift is completed.
  • a 75-bin data queue can be used to represent the 75 gates of the dryer 5. Each cell has a plate with "1” and a plate with "0". After starting to enter the board, the system moves "1" into the data queue, indicating that the door No. 1 has a board, and the actual distance from the measurement is converted into the door number. The distance of the gypsum board 6 every time you pass a door, the system will "1" or "0” moves into the data queue, and the original data is all moved forward by one bit, thus indicating that the gypsum board 6 queue has moved forward one door.
  • the specific shifting process is: multiply the pitch number n by the pitch length c to obtain the distance s, and divide by 2 to get the gate number m of the team leader, compare this value with the shift count buffer, the former is subtracted If the result is greater than or equal to 1, it means that after the last shift, the gypsum board 6 advances another door, performs a shift operation, moves the data queue forward by one, and shifts the count buffer by one, waiting for the gypsum board 6 The next shift operation is performed when passing a door. After the accumulated value of each counter reaches the preset value, it will be cleared, but the data queue will not be cleared.
  • the preset value of the counter is set according to the total length of the dryer and the number of gates.
  • Shifting to represent the travel of the gypsum board 6 queue is the most suitable and the simplest method of moving the data queue forward based on the measured actual travel distance, in synchronism with the travel of the gypsum board 6. More importantly, it has significant advantages when dealing with multiple queues of gypsum board 6 that are produced when discontinuously entering the board. If no shift is used to indicate the advancement of the gypsum board 6, such as the method of assigning a value to each unit, a gate has a board that assigns a value of 1 to the binary bit, and no board assigns a value of 0 to the bit. This will be very cumbersome. Every time a gypsum board 6 walks through a door, it must update the data. It needs to calculate whether each door has a board. It also needs to perform 75 assignments. The calculation is very large, it will take up a lot of processor resources, and the efficiency. Low, programming is also very complicated.
  • the system also designed an exception handling program, which is mainly for the emergency stop of the dryer 5 and the abnormal situation of the blocking plate.
  • exception handling program which is mainly for the emergency stop of the dryer 5 and the abnormal situation of the blocking plate.
  • the data queue is synchronized with the actual situation, and the forward movement is also suspended.
  • the main drive resumes operation the data queue will advance forward along with the gypsum board 6 forward. mobile. If the blockage in the dryer 5 occurs for some reason, the gypsum board 6 in the dryer 5 is in an abnormal movement, and it is necessary to stop the dryer.
  • This system has designed the hand The function of clearing and clearing clears the data queue data by manual clearing when the dryer 5 is blocked. This corresponds to the bad board in the manual cleaning and drying machine 5. After the zeroing, the system can be re-run after the dryer 5 is restarted. Return to work.
  • the work of the display section is mainly done on the display module 4 (host computer) screen.
  • Using RSview32 configuration software draw the schematic diagram of each door of each area of dryer 5 on the screen, with 75 small rectangles representing 75 doors of the dryer, with different colors to indicate whether there is a board or no board, green means there is a board, red Indicates no board.
  • the 75 small rectangles and the data queue in the PLC program are - corresponding, the green red corresponds to the " ⁇ , "0" in the program.
  • the screen also has a broken chain alarm indication for the dryer, according to the dryer 5 main
  • the normal speed of the transmission, the main drive chain takes about 9 seconds, and the pitch detection switch 21 sends a pulse signal.
  • the main drive chain stops, if the dryer 5 main If the transmission running signal still exists, it indicates that the transmission fault has occurred. This may be caused by broken chain or blocking plate. It should be stopped immediately and viewed on the spot.
  • the manual clear button is also designed on the screen, and the operation instructions are attached. Manually clear the data during the re-production of the dryer 5 after the block is cleaned to make the system work again.
  • the above system uses the sub-board module to detect the sub-board condition, the distance measuring module measures the moving distance of the plate, the counting module performs comprehensive counting, determines the position status of the plate, and displays it through the display module, which can conveniently and reliably display the plate in the closed system of the dryer.
  • the position state makes it easy to adjust the heat distribution of each part of the dryer, improve the qualification rate of the plate production, and save energy, greatly improving the competitiveness of the product.
  • the above system has a simple structure, is safe and reliable, has wide applicability, is convenient for standard production, and is beneficial for popularization and use.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

一种封闭系统内板材位置指示系统,包括:分板模块(1)、测距模块(2)、计数模块(3)以及显示模块(4)。其中分板模块(1)将输送来的石膏板(6)分别分配到干燥机(5)的不同层内,并将该分板信息发送到计数模块(3);测距模块(2)测量石膏板(6)在干燥机(5)内的行走距离,并将该距离信息发送到计数模块(3);计数模块(3)接收分板模块(1)与测距模块(2)发送来的信息,进行计数,并将计数结果发送到显示模块(4);显示模块(4)接收到计数模块(3)发送来的计数结果,进行显示。该系统可方便可靠地显示板材在干燥机(5)封闭系统内的位置状态,便于调整干燥机(5)各部分热分布,提高板材生产合格率,并节约能源。

Description

一种封闭系统内板材位置指示系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种封闭系统内板材位置指示系统。
背景技术
在石膏板生产工艺中, 需要对凝固后的石膏板进行干燥处理, 完成这一 工序的设备是干燥机。 干燥机是方形管状结构, 其热源来自沸腾炉产生的热 烟气经过换热器换热后的热空气, 为了防止热量散失, 干燥机机体有保温层, 其内部形成一个相对封闭的空间, 在外面无法观测进入干燥机内的石膏板行 进情况, 也就不能了解干燥机内部石膏板的详细分布情况。 而石膏板成品的 质量与在干燥机内干燥过程中干燥机各区的温度有很大关系, 温度的控制又 跟石膏板的分布情况有密切联系。 因此, 了解干燥机内石膏板的分布情况对 产品合格率有直接影响, 而干燥机的封闭结构又导致无法直接观测。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种可方便可靠地显示封闭系统内板材 位置状态的封闭系统内板材位置指示系统。
为了解决上述问题, 本发明提供了一种封闭系统内板材位置指示系统, 包括分板模块、 测距模块、 计数模块和显示模块:
所述分板模块设置为将输送来的石膏板分别分配到干燥机不同层内, 并 将该分板信息发送到计数模块;
所述测距模块设置为测量石膏板在干燥机内行走距离, 并将该距离信息 发送到所述计数模块;
所述计数模块设置为接收所述分板模块与测距模块发送来的信息, 进行 计数, 并将计数结果发送到显示模块;
所述显示模块设置为接收到所述计数模块发送来的计数结果,进行显示。 上述系统还可具有以下特点: 所述分板模块包括有分配桥, 所述分配桥设置为将输送来的石膏板分配 到干燥机不同层内, 在所述分配桥上还连接设置有光电开关, 所述光电开关 设置为检测分板信息, 并将该分板信息以电信号形式发送到所述计数模块。
上述系统还可具有以下特点: 所述测距模块包括节距检测开关, 每一个 节距产生一个脉冲, 并将该脉冲发送到所述计数模块。
上述系统还可具有以下特点: 所述计数模块包括位置单元、 首位单元、 移位单元和数列单元;
所述位置单元设置为根据石膏板长度将干燥机内平均分隔为具有相应长 度的多个以顺序标号递进的位置, 并将该该位置参数发送到所述首位单元、 移位单元、 数列单元及显示模块;
所述首位单元设置为接收所述分板模块发送来的电信号及所述位置单元 发送来的位置参数, 判断首个位置是否具有石膏板, 并将有无石膏板的信息 分别以 1、 0数字信号代表发送到所述移位单元;
所述移位单元设置为接收所述位置单元发送来的位置参数,确定各位置; 接收所述首位单元发送来的首个位置信息的数字信号, 确定初始位置状态; 接收所述测距模块发送来的脉冲, 并根据所述位置单元发送来的位置参数, 在确定石膏板行走满一个位置长度后, 对初始状态各位置数字参数进行顺序 向前移位, 依次确定此时各位置有无石膏板的数字参数, 并将该数字参数发 送到所述数列单元;
所述数列单元设置为接收所述位置单元发送来的位置参数及所述移位单 元发送来的数字参数, 进行——对应, 作出干燥机内各位置有无石膏板的判 断, 并将判断结果发送到所述显示模块。
上述系统还可具有以下特点: 所述显示模块包括显示屏, 所述显示模块 以红色表示无石膏板, 以绿色表示有石膏板。
上述系统还可具有以下特点: 所述计数模块为可编程逻辑控制器
( Programmable Logic Controller, PLC ) 。
上述系统具有如下优点:
1、 釆用分板模块检测分板情况, 测距模块测量板材移动距离, 计数模块 进行综合计数, 确定板材位置状态, 并通过显示模块显示出来, 可方便可靠 地显示板材在干燥机封闭系统内的位置状态,便于调整干燥机各部分热分布, 提高板材生产合格率, 并节约能源, 极大地提高产品竟争力。
2、 结构简单、 实现安全可靠, 适用性广, 便于标准化制作, 有利于推广 使用。 附图概述
下面结合附图对本发明的实施方式作进一步说明:
图 1 示出了本发明实施方式的封闭系统内板材位置指示系统结构示意 图。 本发明的较佳实施方式
如图 1 所示, 本实施方式的板材位置指示系统包括分板模块 1、 测距模 块 2、 计数模块 3及显示模块 4。 其中, 分板模块 1用于给干燥机 5分板; 测 距模块 2用于测量干燥机 5内石膏板 6行走距离; 计数模块 3用于根据分板 及测距状况分析石膏板 6在干燥机 5内的位置状态; 显示模块 4用于显示石 膏板 6在干燥机 5内的位置状态。
分板模块 1将输送来的石膏板 6分别分配到干燥机 5不同层内, 并将该 分板信息发送到计数模块 3。
测距模块 2测量石膏板 6在干燥机 5内行走距离, 并将该距离信息发送 到计数模块 3。
计数模块 3接收分板模块 1与测距模块 2发送来的信息, 进行计数, 并 将计数结果发送到显示模块 4。
显示模块 4接收到计数模块 3发送来的计数结果, 进行显示。
本实施方式釆用分板模块 1检测分板情况, 测距模块 2测量板材移动距 离, 计数模块 3进行综合计数, 确定板材位置状态, 并通过显示模块 4显示 出来, 可方便可靠地显示板材在干燥机 5封闭系统内的位置状态, 便于调整 干燥机 5各部分热分布, 提高石膏板 6板材生产合格率, 并节约能源, 极大 地提高产品竟争力。
本实施方式中, 分板模块 1可包括有分配桥 11 , 分配桥 11将输送来的 石膏板 6分配到干燥机 5不同层内。在分配桥 11上还连接设置有光电开关 12, 光电开关 12检测分板信息,并将该分板信息以电信号形式发送到计数模块 3。
本实施方式中, 测距模块 2可包括节距检测开关 21 , 每一个节距产生一 个脉冲, 并将该脉冲发送到计数模块 3。
本实施方式中, 计数模块 3可包括位置单元 31、 首位单元 32、 移位单元 33及数列单元 34。 其中:
位置单元 31根据石膏板 6长度将干燥机 5内平均分隔为具有相应长度的 多个以顺序标号递进的位置, 并将该位置参数发送到首位单元 32、 移位单元 33、 数列单元 34及显示模块 4。
首位单元 32接收分板模块 1发送来的电信号及位置单元 31发送来的位 置参数,判断首个位置是否具有石膏板 6,并将有无石膏板 6的信息分别以 1、 0数字信号代表发送到移位单元 33。
移位单元 33接收位置单元 31发送来的位置参数, 确定各位置; 移位单 元 33接收首位单元 32发送来的首个位置信息的数字信号, 确定初始位置状 态; 移位单元 33接收测距模块 2发送来的脉冲, 并根据位置单元 31发送来 的位置参数, 在确定石膏板 6行走满一个位置长度后, 对初始状态各位置数 字参数进行顺序向前移位, 依次确定此时各位置有无石膏板 6的数字参数, 并将该数字参数发送到数列单元 34。
数列单元 34接收位置单元 31发送来的位置参数及移位单元 33发送来的 数字参数, 进行一一对应, 作出干燥机 5内各位置有无石膏板 6的判断, 并 将判断结果发送到显示模块 4。
本实施方式中, 显示模块 4可包括显示屏, 显示模块 4以绿色表示无石 膏板 6, 以红色表示有石膏板 6。 通过各个区域不同色彩标识, 可清楚的了解 到石膏板 6在干燥机 5内的位置状态,然后根据该位置状态进行调整热分布, 以提高产品质量及降低能源消耗。
本实施方式中,计数模块 3为 PLC。釆用 PLC作为计数模块 3 ,由于 PLC 技术成熟, 可在该技术基础上进行二次开发, 节约开发成本, 且控制实现可 靠稳定。
本实施方式结构简单、 实现安全可靠, 适用性广, 便于标准化制作, 有 利于推广使用。
下面对实施过程作详细说明:
干燥机 5可包括一区、 二区、 三区及预热区和冷却区, 凝固后的石膏板 6 (湿板)从预热区进入干燥机, 在主传动的带动下向前行进, 经过一区、 二 区、 三区的加热干燥和冷却区的冷却后出干燥机, 进入下一道工序。 沸腾炉 燃烧产生的热烟气先进入一二区热交换器, 在这里与较冷空气进行热交换, 将冷空气加热; 交换后的热烟气再进入三区交换器进行热交换, 最后经过电 收尘器除尘后, 一部分由回风通道回到沸腾炉进行余热循环利用, 一部分排 入大气。 干燥机 5—区、 二区的热量来源于一二区热交换器, 在一区风机的 作用下, 一区热交换器的热空气进入干燥机 5与干燥机 5内的石膏板 6进行 热量交换, 即对石膏板 6进行干燥, 热交换后的空气温度下降(称之为冷空 气) , 经过管道和闸板, 一部分回到一区热交换器中进行下一次热交换, 另 一部分不回热交换器, 通过闸板直接和一区热交换器出口的热空气混合。 通 过调节闸板的开度来调节热空气和冷空气的量, 从而控制干燥机 5一区的温 度。 干燥机 5—区内湿板的分布及数量的多少会影响该区的温度, 热空气和 冷空气的量应该根据湿板的分布来调节。 简言之, 湿板数量影响热负荷, 而 热源供给应该根据热负荷的大小实时调整, 从而保证温度维持在稳定数值, 不出现大的波动。 同理, 干燥机 5二区、 三区的温度控制原理与一区一样。
要得到石膏板 6的位置信息, 首先必须要知道是否有板进入, 为此在分 配桥 11上安装了一个光电开关 12,石膏板 6进入干燥机 5经过分配桥 11时, 光电开关 12会输出一个开关信号给 PLC。因为我们关注的是整个干燥机 5内 各区石膏板 6的分布情况, 而不是某一张板的具体位置, 所以如果把一张张 依次进入干燥机 5的石膏板 6看成一个队列, 那么我们只需要知道队列的队 首和队尾的位置, 这也就确定了这整队石膏板 6的位置。
知道了是否有石膏板 6进入后, 还需知道已进入的石膏板 6向前行进了 多远的距离, 这有多种方法实现。 最容易想到的是8=¥ 即利用干燥机 5的 速度和石膏板 6行进的时间来计算距离, 这种方法看起来简单, 但实现起来 有困难, 会比较繁瑣。 原因主要有三点: 一是干燥机 5主传动的速度会随着 主线速度而变化, 这给计算带来不便; 二是速度的测量本身就不容易测准确; 三是还需要测量时间, 这也会有误差, 用本来就存在较大误差的速度和时间 的测量值来计算距离, 误差会更大。 此处釆用直接测量距离的方法。 在干燥 机 5主传动链上安装一个节距检测开关 21 , 主传动链每行进一个节距, 节距 检测开关 21发出一个信号, PLC记录下节距检测开关 21信号的个数 n, 再 乘以节距 c, 就得到距离 s, 即 s=c-n。
PLC对釆集到的信号进行处理, 主要完成以下工作: 队首队尾判断、 行 进距离计算、 进行移位操作、 异常情况处理等。
当第一组石膏板 6通过分配桥 11时,分配桥 11光电开关 12输出一个脉 冲信号, 激活进板显示程序, 系统开始工作。 这时系统认为石膏板 6队列的 队首到来, 开始对主传动链走过的节距 n计数, 并将结果存储。 经现场测量, 节距长 c=0.288米, 那么第一组石膏板 6的行进距离 s= c.n=0.288.n。 为了方 便岗位操作人员快速辨别石膏板 6的位置, 将干燥机 5分成 75个小单元, 每 个单元从前往后进行编号, 编为 1 -75号, 这恰好与干燥机 5的门——对应, 岗位人员一看便知道石膏板 6走到干燥机 5几区第几号门, 非常方便。 干燥 机 5每个门的宽度基本相同, 均为 2米, 少数几个区与区交界的地方的门宽 度不为 2米的, 有的超过 2米, 有的不足 2米, 按照补偿原则, 可近似为 2 米。 这样, 第一组石膏板 6也就是队首在行进过程中的位置即所在门序号为 m=s/2=0.288-n/2, 每向前行进 2米, 门的序号就会加 1。
队尾的判断: 若分配桥 11 一直有板经过, 每次进板光电开关 12都会发 出一个脉冲信号, 队列不断加长, 系统会认为队尾没有到来; 若一控断纸或 二控放废等原因导致分配桥 11不再进板, 则光电开关 12在不进板的这段时 间内一直都不会发出信号, 此时系统会认为队尾到来, 并做出相应的处理。 多长时间不进板表示队尾到来? 干燥机 5共有 8层,进板时分配桥 11按照 1、 3、 5、 7、 8、 6、 4、 2、 1的顺序分配, 正常生产时某一层两次进板间隔时间 约为 110秒, 那么如果两次进板时间大于 110秒, 这一层的石膏板 6队列就 会中断, 即队列的队尾到来。 在实际生产中, 经过调试, 这一时间设为 120 秒比较合适, 间隔 120秒以上不进板, 系统认为队尾到来。
装入数据的位进入位队列, 数据在整个队列移动, 卸除队列中数据的最 后一位。 当梯级由假到真变化时, 使能位被置位并且数据块被移到低位一个 位置。 位地址指定的位被移动进入最后一位的位置。 第一位被移出队列并存 储在控制元素状态字节的卸出位内, 移位完成。
可用 75个二进制数组成的数据队列来表示干燥机 5的 75个门, 每个单 元中用 "1" 表示有板, 用 "0" 表示无板。 开始进板后, 系统将 "1" 移进数 据队列, 表示 1号门有板, 根据测量得到的实际距离换算成门序号, 石膏板 6每走过一个门的距离, 系统就会实时地将 "1" 或 "0" 移进数据队列, 原 有数据全部向前移动一位, 这样来表示石膏板 6队列向前行进了一个门。 具 体移位过程是: 用节距数 n乘以节距长 c得到距离 s, 再除以 2得到队首所到 的门序号 m, 将这个值与移位计数緩存进行比较, 前者减去后者若结果大于 等于 1 , 说明从上次移位之后石膏板 6又前进了一个门, 执行一次移位操作, 将数据队列前移一位, 同时移位计数緩存加 1 , 等到石膏板 6再走过一个门 时进行下一次移位操作。 各个计数器的累加值达到预置值后会清零, 但不会 清空数据队列, 计数器的预置值是根据干燥机总长度和门个数设定的。
用移位来表示石膏板 6队列的行进是最合适的, 也是最简单的方法, 它 根据测量得到的实际行进距离将数据队列往前移, 与石膏板 6的行进是同步 的。 更重要的是, 它在处理非连续进板时产生的多个队列石膏板 6时具有明 显的优越性。 如果不用移位来表示石膏板 6的前进, 比如釆取给每个单元赋 值的方法, 某个门有板给该二进制位赋值 1 , 无板给该位赋值 0。 这样会非常 繁瑣, 石膏板 6每走过一个门, 就必须更新数据, 需要计算每个门是否有板, 还要执行 75次赋值操作,运算量很大,会占用很多处理器资源,而且效率低, 编程也十分复杂。
本系统还设计了异常处理程序, 主要针对干燥机 5紧急停止、 堵板的异 常情况的处理。 在干燥机 5里还有石膏板 6但主传动停止时, 数据队列与实 际情况是同步的, 也会暂停向前移动, 主传动恢复运转时, 数据队列会随着 石膏板 6前进同步向前移动。 如果因故发生干燥机 5内堵板的情况, 这时干 燥机 5内的石膏板 6为非正常运动, 需要停车清理干燥机。 本系统设计了手 动清零功能, 在干燥机 5堵板时通过手动清零来清除数据队列的数据, 这与 人工清理干燥机 5内的坏板是相对应的, 清零后干燥机 5重新运转时系统可 重新投入工作。
显示部分的工作主要在显示模块 4 (上位机)画面上完成。利用 RSview32 组态软件, 将干燥机 5各区各个门的示意图画在画面上, 用 75个小矩形代表 干燥机的 75个门, 用不同颜色来表示有板还是无板, 绿色表示有板, 红色表 示无板。 75个小矩形与 PLC程序里的数据队列是——对应的, 绿色红色分别 与程序里的 "Γ 、 "0" 对应。 画面上还设计了干燥机的断链报警指示, 按 照干燥机 5主传动正常的速度, 主传动链约 9秒钟走一节距, 节距检测开关 21发出一个脉冲信号, 若超出这段时间接近开关一直无信号, 说明主传动链 停转, 要是干燥机 5主传动运行信号还存在, 则说明发生了传动故障, 这可 能是由于断链或堵板引起的, 应立即停机、 到现场查看。 画面上还设计了手 动清零按钮, 并附上了操作说明, 在干燥机 5堵板清理后重新生产时使用手 动清零清空数据, 使系统重新工作。
综上所述, 以上仅为本发明的较佳实施案例而已, 并非用于限定本发明 的保护范围, 因此, 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、 等同替 换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
工业实用性
上述系统釆用分板模块检测分板情况, 测距模块测量板材移动距离, 计 数模块进行综合计数, 确定板材位置状态, 并通过显示模块显示出来, 可方 便可靠地显示板材在干燥机封闭系统内的位置状态, 便于调整干燥机各部分 热分布, 提高板材生产合格率, 并节约能源, 极大地提高产品竟争力。 上述 系统结构简单、 实现安全可靠, 适用性广, 便于标准化制作, 有利于推广使 用。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种封闭系统内板材位置指示系统, 其包括分板模块(1 ) 、 测距模 块(2) 、 计数模块(3)和显示模块(4) , 其中:
所述分板模块 ( 1 )设置为: 将输送来的石膏板(6)分别分配到干燥机 ( 5 ) 不同层内, 并将该分板信息发送到所述计数模块( 3 ) ;
所述测距模块(2)设置为: 测量石膏板(6)在干燥机(5)内行走距离, 并将该距离信息发送到所述计数模块(3) ;
所述计数模块(3)设置为: 接收所述分板模块与所述测距模块(2)发 送来的信息, 进行计数, 并将计数结果发送到所述显示模块(4) ;
所述显示模块(4)设置为: 接收到所述计数模块(3)发送来的计数结 果, 进行显示。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的封闭系统内板材位置指示系统, 其中: 所述分板 模块( 1 ) 包括有分配桥( 11 ) , 所述分配桥( 11 )设置为: 将输送来的石膏 板(6)分配到干燥机(5) 不同层内, 在所述分配桥(11 )上还连接设置有 光电开关 (12) , 所述光电开关 (12)设置为: 检测分板信息, 并将该分板 信息以电信号形式发送到所述计数模块(3) 。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的封闭系统内板材位置指示系统, 其中: 所述测距 模块(2) 包括节距检测开关(21 ) , 每一个节距产生一个脉冲, 并将该脉冲 发送到所述计数模块(3) 。
4、 如权利要求 3所述的封闭系统内板材位置指示系统, 其中: 所述计数 模块(3) 包括位置单元(31 ) 、 首位单元(32) 、 移位单元(33)和数列单 元( 34 ) ;
所述位置单元( 31 )设置为: 根据石膏板( 6 )长度将干燥机( 5 ) 内平 均分隔为具有相应长度的多个以顺序标号递进的位置, 并将该位置参数发送 到所述首位单元( 32 )、 移位单元( 33 )、 数列单元( 34 )及显示模块( 4 ); 所述首位单元( 32 )设置为: 接收所述分板模块( 1 )发送来的电信号及 所述位置单元 ( 31 )发送来的位置参数, 判断首个位置是否具有石膏板( 6 ) , 并将有无石膏板(6) 的信息分别以 1、 0数字信号代表发送到所述移位单元 (33) ;
所述移位单元(33)设置为: 接收所述位置单元(31 )发送来的位置参 数, 确定各位置; 接收所述首位单元(32)发送来的首个位置信息的数字信 号, 确定初始位置状态; 接收所述测距模块(2)发送来的脉冲, 并根据所述 位置单元( 31 )发送来的位置参数, 在确定石膏板( 6 )行走满一个位置长度 后, 对初始状态各位置数字参数进行顺序向前移位, 依次确定此时各位置有 无石膏板(6) 的数字参数, 并将该数字参数发送到所述数列单元(34) ; 所述数列单元设置为: 接收所述位置单元(31 )发送来的位置参数及所 述移位单元(33)发送来的数字参数, 进行一一对应, 作出干燥机(5) 内各 位置有无石膏板(6) 的判断, 并将判断结果发送到所述显示模块(4) 。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的封闭系统内板材位置指示系统, 其中: 所述显示 模块(4) 包括显示屏, 所述显示模块(4)是设置为以红色表示无石膏板, 以绿色表示有石膏板。
6、 如权利要求 5所述的封闭系统内板材位置指示系统, 其中: 所述计数 模块( 3 )为可编程逻辑控制器。
PCT/CN2012/071503 2011-06-02 2012-02-23 一种封闭系统内板材位置指示系统 WO2012163111A1 (zh)

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CN110645772B (zh) * 2018-06-26 2022-02-18 淮南北新建材有限公司 一种石膏板干燥机及其应用
CN113551513B (zh) * 2021-07-13 2022-08-26 北新建材(苏州)有限公司 一种石膏板干燥机的控温容错系统及方法
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