WO2012146197A1 - 悬浮式洋流组合发电装置 - Google Patents

悬浮式洋流组合发电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012146197A1
WO2012146197A1 PCT/CN2012/074856 CN2012074856W WO2012146197A1 WO 2012146197 A1 WO2012146197 A1 WO 2012146197A1 CN 2012074856 W CN2012074856 W CN 2012074856W WO 2012146197 A1 WO2012146197 A1 WO 2012146197A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shaft
ocean current
blade
power generation
assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/074856
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵高远
高克君
Original Assignee
Zhao Gaoyuan
Gao Kejun
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN2011101092223A external-priority patent/CN102146868A/zh
Application filed by Zhao Gaoyuan, Gao Kejun filed Critical Zhao Gaoyuan
Priority to JP2014506746A priority Critical patent/JP2014512484A/ja
Priority to KR1020137031560A priority patent/KR20140035920A/ko
Priority to US14/114,530 priority patent/US9709020B2/en
Publication of WO2012146197A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012146197A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/062—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction
    • F03B17/065—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having a cyclic movement relative to the rotor during its rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/10—Submerged units incorporating electric generators or motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/91—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure
    • F05B2240/917—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure attached to cables
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/403—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components
    • F05B2260/4031—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power generating device, and more particularly to a device for generating electricity using ocean currents. Background technique
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a suspended ocean current combined power generation device, which is capable of developing and utilizing ocean current energy, and generating power more stably, thereby solving the problem of deep ocean current energy transmission to the sea surface, thereby making ocean current power generation a new one.
  • Energy scale development has market value and social value.
  • the suspended ocean current combined power generation device of the present invention comprises a surface floating platform, an impeller assembly which is driven by the ocean current below the surface floating platform, and a total power generation on the floating surface of the floating surface for receiving the rotational mechanical energy of the impeller assembly and converted into electric energy. to make;
  • the impeller assembly has a blade assembly and an impeller shaft, the impeller is axially coupled to extend out of the surface floating platform and is in driving engagement with a power input end of the power generating assembly; the impeller assembly is axially oriented to a lower limit along the axial direction of the impeller shaft It can be suspended in the working area of the ocean together with the surface floating platform.
  • the impeller shaft is a cylindrical truss shaft
  • the blade assembly includes at least a circumferential direction a blade of a cylindrical truss shaft
  • the vane is disposed in a fan-like manner about a vertical axis, and the vane is at an upper limit in the direction of rotation of the cylindrical truss shaft and forms a resistance to the ocean current;
  • the blade assembly further includes a blade frame fixedly distributed in a circumferential direction of the column truss shaft, the blade being hinged to the blade frame in a fan-like manner about a vertical axis;
  • the blade frame is provided with an overload bleed elastic element, and the overload bleed elastic element applies a preload force to the blade to make the blade at the upper limit of the column truss axis rotation direction and form a resistance to the ocean current;
  • the blade frame is a vertically arranged lattice structure, and the blades are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the lattice structure;
  • the columnar truss shaft includes a vertical rod uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and a support rib that fixedly connects the vertical rods to each other I ;
  • the blade frames are fixedly connected by a support rib;
  • the plane of the blade frame is tangential to the axis of the column truss;
  • the overload and discharge elastic element is a spring structure in which one end is fixed to the blade frame and an elastic force is applied to the blade, and the elastic force limits the blade in the rotation direction. ;
  • a lower portion of the column truss shaft is provided with a positioning assembly, and the positioning assembly includes a positioning shaft fixedly coupled to the column truss shaft and a sleeve sleeve mounted on the positioning shaft and the rotation sleeve thereof, and the sleeve is used for anchoring the same Anchor connection
  • the column truss shaft is detachable and assembled according to the length and length, and the leaf frame and the column truss shaft are detachably fixedly connected;
  • the surface floating platform adopts a boat-shaped structure or a composite structure formed by fitting a low-density polymer material into a lower portion of the steel structure; the generator is uniformly distributed around the driving ring gear, and each generator is correspondingly provided.
  • the water surface floating platform is provided with a fixing seat, the annular body is rotatably supported on the fixing seat, and a rotating pair is formed with the fixing seat, and the rotating pair is a thrust a bearing structure, a roller structure inclined from top to bottom or a planar sliding bearing structure;
  • the power generating assembly includes a transmission assembly and a generator, and the transmission assembly includes an annular body coaxially fixedly coupled to the cylindrical truss shaft and The driving gear is fixed to the driving ring gear of the annular body at least in a circumferential direction, and the power input end of the generator is provided with a driven gear that meshes with the driving ring gear and is used for inputting power to the generator, and the annular body is rotated and matched.
  • the upper surface of the floating surface of the water surface; the shaft section of the columnar truss shaft and the floating surface of the water surface is fixedly provided with a sleeve, and the floating surface of the water surface floating platform and the sleeve is provided with a sliding bearing.
  • the suspended ocean current combined power generation device of the present invention utilizes a surface floating platform structure to suspend the impeller assembly in the ocean, and drives the impeller assembly to rotate by the ocean current to achieve the purpose of recovering ocean current energy;
  • the upper surface of the floating platform and the bottom of the impeller shaft are anchored by anchor cables to prevent drift and overall suspension. This solves the problem of deep ocean current energy recovery to the sea surface, making ocean current power generation a new energy and scale development. Utilization, no pollution and energy consumption, thus having better market value and social value.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an impeller shaft of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of a positioning assembly
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged view of Figure 1A;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the blade frame
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the impeller shaft of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the positioning assembly
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1A, as shown in the figure: the suspended ocean current combined power generation of the present embodiment
  • the device comprises a surface floating platform, an impeller assembly located below the surface floating platform, and a power generating assembly on the floating surface of the floating platform for receiving the rotating mechanical energy of the impeller assembly and converting the electrical energy into electrical energy;
  • the impeller assembly has a blade assembly and an impeller shaft 2, the impeller shaft 2 is rotatably extended upwardly to extend out of the surface pontoon 1 and is in driving engagement with a power input end of the power generating assembly; the impeller assembly is along the axis of the impeller shaft 2
  • the working direction is the direction of the lower limit and can be suspended in the ocean together with the surface floating platform 1; in use, the impeller assembly is located underwater, and the blade assembly is driven by the ocean current to drive the impeller shaft to realize the kinetic energy collection and output of the ocean current.
  • the impeller shaft 2 is a cylindrical truss shaft
  • the blade assembly includes at least a circumferential direction
  • the blade 3 is evenly distributed on the column truss shaft; the columnar truss shaft structure is adopted to avoid forming a large resistance to the ocean current, thereby ensuring better stability when used in the present invention, and at the same time, the truss structure has better torque distribution capability.
  • the entire shaft is evenly and reasonably stressed to ensure its service life.
  • the blade 3 is disposed in a fan-like manner about a vertical axis, and the existing hinge structure can be used; and the blade 3 forms an upper limit on the rotation direction of the column truss axis and forms a resistance to the ocean current.
  • the limit can be any existing mechanical structure, including hard limit (stop) or flexible fiber (spring preload, etc.); use the swinging blade structure in the direction of rotation to make it free in the opposite direction The swing prevents the generation of resistance, enables the impeller assembly of the present invention to smoothly rotate, and reduces the reverse resistance, making full use of the ocean flow force.
  • the blade assembly further includes a blade frame 4 fixedly disposed in a circumferential direction of the column truss shaft, and the blade 3 is hinged to the blade frame 4 in a fan-like manner about a vertical axis;
  • the blade 3 increases the installation strength of the blade 3, prolongs the service life, and makes the installation of the blade 3 simple.
  • the blade frame 4 is provided with an overload bleed elastic element 5, and the overload bleed elastic element 5 applies a pre-measurement to the blade 3 to make the blade 3 at the upper limit of the column truss axis rotation direction and form a resistance to the ocean current.
  • the pre-tightening force can be applied by any structure of the prior art, including torsion springs, tension springs, springs or compression springs, etc.; setting the pre-tightening force of the discharge, when the ocean current energy is too large, beyond the When the preload is applied, the overload bleed elastic member 5 is compressed, yielded or stretched, and the blade swings in the direction of rotation to form a bleed state, which buffers the ocean flow energy and protects the present invention from damage.
  • the blade frame 4 is a vertically arranged lattice structure, and the blades 3 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the lattice structure; the structure has more blades and corresponds to a lattice structure, which is convenient for installation and disassembly, And facilitating targeted inspection, replacement and maintenance; the column truss shaft comprises a vertical rod 2a uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and a support rib I 2b fixedly connecting the vertical rod 2a to each other ; the structure is simple, the strength is high, and A large overcurrent space is formed, and the resistance is further reduced.
  • the blade frames 4 are fixedly connected by the support ribs 6 to increase the overall strength of the blade assembly and ensure its performance.
  • the power generation assembly includes a transmission component and a generator 7, as shown in the figure, generating electricity
  • the machine is mounted on the surface floating platform by the bracket 12;
  • the transmission assembly includes an annular body 8 coaxially fixedly coupled to the cylindrical truss shaft, and a driving ring gear 10 fixed to the annular body at least in the circumferential direction, the generator 7
  • the power input end is provided with a driven gear 11 that meshes with the driving ring gear 10 and is used for inputting power to the generator 7.
  • the annular body 8 is rotatably supported on the upper surface of the surface floating platform 1. Any structure of technology; simple and compact structure, low manufacturing cost.
  • the plane of the blade frame 4 is along the tangential direction of the column truss shaft 2, as shown in FIG. 5, the arrow B is the rotation direction, the arrow C is the ocean current direction, and the blade is opened and closed according to the ocean current and the rotation direction.
  • the rotation relief elastic member 5 is a shrapnel structure in which one end is fixed to the blade frame 4 and applies an elastic force to the blade 3, and the elastic force limits the blade 3 in the rotation direction; the elastic piece structure is easy to be arranged and installed, and the elastic force is Durable, with a good fit to the blade.
  • the column truss shaft 2 is detachable and assembled according to the length and length, and the truss assembly structure of the prior art can be used, and the fixed splicing structure can be adopted at the local shaft end; the blade frame 4 and The columnar truss shafts 2 are detachably fixedly connected; they can be extended or shortened according to the depth of the water zone, so that they have good versatility.
  • the water surface floating platform 1 is provided with a fixing seat 9, and the annular body 8 is rotatably supported on the fixing base 9 and forms a rotating pair with the fixing seat 9, and the existing rotation can be adopted.
  • the secondary structure can be known by those skilled in the art according to the above description, but the rotating pair is not limited to the existing structure; in this embodiment, the rotating pair is a thrust bearing structure, a roller structure inclined from top to bottom or It is a flat sliding bearing structure; the thrust bearing can withstand axial force and can withstand radial force, and is suitable for use under complicated conditions of the sea environment; as shown in the figure, the present application adopts a roller that is inclined from top to bottom.
  • the structure includes a roller 19 disposed on the annular body 8 through the bracket 20 and an annular guide rail 21 disposed on the fixed seat 9, guiding the roller 19 to rotate the annular body 8 under the cylindrical truss shaft;
  • the shape 8 has a large space between the fixing seats 9, has better ventilation effect, avoids rust or blockage, runs smoothly, and can withstand large radial force;
  • the annular guide 21 is a closed circle rail
  • the single track, the double track or the multi track can be used to guide the roller to make a circular slip motion; when the double track or the multi track is used, the outer ring track is set higher than the inner ring track to impose the radial load capacity of the device;
  • Use thrust bearing structure need to be equipped with cage, etc.; or, use existing water-lubricated alloy bearings, more profitable Used in a humid environment.
  • a positioning assembly is disposed at a lower portion of the column truss shaft, and the positioning assembly includes a positioning shaft 15 fixedly coupled to the column truss shaft and a sleeve 18 that is coupled to the positioning shaft 15 and rotatably coupled thereto, as shown in the drawing.
  • the positioning shaft 15 is fixedly connected to the column truss shaft by the bracket 16, and the sleeve 18 is used for connecting with the anchor cable 17 for anchoring the same; the lower portion of the column truss shaft is pulled and positioned by the structure to avoid the invention drifting with the ocean current. It is guaranteed to be used; at the same time, the anchoring platform of the surface floating platform 1 can be positioned to ensure stability.
  • the surface floating platform 1 adopts a boat-shaped structure or a composite structure formed by fitting a low-density polymer material 14 in a lower portion of the steel structure 13 (as shown), and the low-density polymer material refers to a density lower than that.
  • the polymer material of water (or seawater) can float on the water surface when used; the generator 7 is uniformly distributed around the driving ring gear, and only one is shown in the figure, and the plurality of generators 7 have the same structure as the mounting and mating structure.
  • the plurality referred to herein means that the number of generators installed around it does not have an upper limit on the premise that the diameter of the active ring gear is sufficiently large; each generator 7 is provided with a slave that meshes with the driving ring gear. Gear; As shown, the drive ring gear 10 and the driven gear 11 are both bevel gears.
  • the shaft truss shaft 2 and the surface pontoon 1 are rotatably coupled with a shaft sleeve 23, and the water surface pontoon 1 and the sleeve 23 are matched with a sliding bearing 22; And forming a fulcrum, to ensure the stability of the structure, reduce the radial force at the output, which is conducive to maintaining long-term stable operation.
  • the fixed connection may be spliced or detachable as needed;
  • the transmission fit (connection) may be a key connection or a fixed connection;
  • each of the rotation cooperation may be configured by a bearing or the like (in view of the present invention)
  • the preferred choice of pseudo-water lubricated alloy bearings In the use environment, the preferred choice of pseudo-water lubricated alloy bearings).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Description

悬浮式洋流组合发电装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种发电装置， 特别涉及一种利用洋流进行发电的装置。 背景技术
由太阳照射地球引起的大气环流、 大海洋流及江河水流携带较大的动能， 属于无污染的能源。 在石油、 煤炭开采具有短期不能再生的情况下， 利用自然 界绿色能源是人类生活和科学技术发展的趋势， 特别是大海洋流覆盖分布广、 能量巨大， 洋流能源利用则具有较高的价值； 特别是由于电力具有传输远的特 点， 是利用自然界动能的较佳方式。
现有技术中， 洋流发电并未得到普及， 深海洋流能源也未得到充分利用。 因此， 需要一种利用洋流进行发电的装置，对洋流能源进行规模开发利用， 较稳定的进行发电， 解决了深海洋流能源向海面传输的难题， 从而使洋流发电 成为新能源规模开发具有市场价值和社会价值。
发明内容
有鉴于此， 本发明的目的提供一种悬浮式洋流组合发电装置， 对洋流能源进 行规模开发利用， 较稳定的进行发电， 解决了深海洋流能源向海面传输的难题， 从而使洋流发电成为新能源规模开发具有市场价值和社会价值。
本发明的悬浮式洋流组合发电装置， 包括水面浮台、 位于水面浮台以下可 通过洋流驱动的叶轮总成和位于水面浮台上用于接收叶轮总成的转动机械能并 转化为电能的发电总成；
所述叶轮总成具有叶片组件和叶轮轴， 所述叶轮轴向上转动配合伸出水面 浮台并与发电总成的动力输入端传动配合； 所述叶轮总成沿叶轮轴的轴向向下 限位并可与水面浮台共同悬浮于海洋的工作区域。
进一歩， 所述叶轮轴为柱状桁架轴， 叶片组件至少包括沿圆周方向均布于 柱状桁架轴的叶片；
进一歩， 所述叶片以可绕竖直轴线呈扇形摆动的方式设置， 且所述叶片在 柱状桁架轴旋转方向上限位并对洋流形成阻力；
进一歩， 所述叶片组件还包括固定均布于柱状桁架轴圆周方向的叶片框架， 所述叶片以可绕竖直轴线呈扇形摆动的方式铰接于叶片框架；
进一歩， 所述叶片框架上设有过载泄流弹性元件， 所述过载泄流弹性元件 对叶片施加使叶片在柱状桁架轴旋转方向上限位并对洋流形成阻力的预紧力； 进一歩， 所述叶片框架为竖向排列的格状结构， 叶片与格状结构的格一一 对应设置； 所述柱状桁架轴包括沿圆周方向均布的竖直杆和将竖直杆相互固定 连接的支撑筋 I ；
所述叶片框架之间通过支撑筋 Π固定连接；
进一歩， 所述叶片框架所在的平面沿柱状桁架轴的切向； 所述过载泄流弹 性元件为一端固定于叶片框架并对叶片施加弹力的弹片结构， 所述弹力对叶片 在旋转方向限位；
进一歩， 所述柱状桁架轴下部设有定位组件， 所述定位组件包括与柱状桁 架轴固定连接的定位轴和外套于定位轴与其转动配合的轴套， 所述轴套用于与 将其锚接的锚索连接；
进一歩， 所述柱状桁架轴为可拆卸式并根据长短进行拼装的结构， 所述叶 片框架与柱状桁架轴之间为可拆卸式固定连接；
进一歩， 所述水面浮台采用船形结构或者为钢结构下部嵌合低密度高分子 材料形成的复合结构； 所述发电机为多个均布于主动齿圈周围， 每个发电机对 应设有与主动齿圈啮合的从动齿轮； 所述水面浮台上设有固定座， 所述环状体 转动配合担在固定座上， 并与固定座之间形成转动副， 所述转动副为推力轴承 结构、 由上至下向外倾斜的滚轮结构或者为平面滑动轴承结构； 所述发电总成 包括传动组件和发电机， 所述传动组件包括与柱状桁架轴同轴固定连接的环状 体和至少在圆周方向固定于环状体的主动齿圈， 所述发电机的动力输入端设有 与主动齿圈啮合并用于将动力输入发电机的从动齿轮， 所述环状体转动配合担 在水面浮台上表面； 所述柱状桁架轴与水面浮台转动配合的轴段固定设有轴套， 水面浮台与轴套配合设有滑动轴承。
本发明的有益效果： 本发明的悬浮式洋流组合发电装置， 利用水面浮台结 构， 使叶轮组建悬浮于海洋中， 通过洋流驱动叶轮组件转动， 实现回收洋流能 量的目的； 本发明叶轮组件可深入深海， 使用时通过锚索将其上部水面浮台和 叶轮轴底部锚接连接， 防止漂移， 整体呈悬浮状态， 解决了深海洋流能量向海 面回收的难题， 使洋流发电成为新能源并规模开发利用， 无污染和能耗， 因而 具有较好的市场价值和社会价值。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一歩描述。
图 1为本发明结构剖面示意图；
图 2为本发明叶轮轴结构示意图；
图 3为定位组件结构示意图；
图 4为图 1A处放大图；
图 5为叶片框架布置示意图； 具体实施方式
图 1为本发明结构剖面示意图， 图 2为本发明叶轮轴结构示意图， 图 3为 定位组件结构示意图， 图 4为图 1A处放大图， 如图所示： 本实施例的悬浮式洋 流组合发电装置， 包括水面浮台 1、位于水面浮台以下的叶轮总成和位于水面浮 台上用于接收叶轮总成的转动机械能并转化为电能的发电总成；
所述叶轮总成具有叶片组件和叶轮轴 2，所述叶轮轴 2向上转动配合伸出水 面浮台 1并与发电总成的动力输入端传动配合； 所述叶轮总成沿叶轮轴 2的轴 向向下限位并可与水面浮台 1 共同悬浮于海洋的工作区域； 使用时， 叶轮总成 位于水下， 并由洋流驱动叶片组件， 从而带动叶轮轴转动， 实现洋流的动能收 集及输出。
本实施例中， 所述叶轮轴 2 为柱状桁架轴， 叶片组件至少包括沿圆周方向 均布于柱状桁架轴的叶片 3;采用柱状桁架轴结构，避免对洋流形成较大的阻力， 从而保证本发明使用时具有较好的稳定性， 同时， 桁架结构具有较好的力矩分 配能力， 使整个轴受力均匀合理， 保证其使用寿命。
本实施例中， 所述叶片 3 以可绕竖直轴线呈扇形摆动的方式设置， 可采用 现有的铰接结构； 且所述叶片 3在柱状桁架轴旋转方向上限位并对洋流形成阻 力， 该限位可以采用现有的任何机械结构， 包括硬限位（挡块）或柔性纤维（弹 簧施加预紧力等）； 采用在旋转方向进行限位的摆动叶片结构， 使其在反方向可 自由摆动防止产生阻力， 使本发明的叶轮总成能够顺畅转动， 并减小反向阻力， 充分利用洋流动力。
本实施例中， 所述叶片组件还包括固定均布于柱状桁架轴圆周方向的叶片 框架 4， 所述叶片 3以可绕竖直轴线呈扇形摆动的方式铰接于叶片框架 4; 采用 框架结构设置叶片 3， 增加叶片 3的安装强度， 延长使用寿命， 并使叶片 3的安 装具有简易的特点。
本实施例中， 所述叶片框架 4上设有过载泄流弹性元件 5， 所述过载泄流弹 性元件 5对叶片 3施加使叶片 3在柱状桁架轴旋转方向上限位并对洋流形成阻 力的预紧力， 施加预紧力的方式可以采用现有技术的任何结构， 包括扭簧、 拉 簧、 弹片或者压縮弹簧等等； 设定泄流预紧力， 当洋流动能过大， 超出该预紧 力时， 过载泄流弹性元件 5 被压縮、 被屈服或被拉伸， 叶片向旋转方向摆动， 形成泄流状态， 缓冲洋流动能， 保护本发明不被破坏。
本实施例中， 所述叶片框架 4为竖向排列的格状结构， 叶片 3与格状结构 的格一一对应设置； 本结构含有较多叶片， 并对应格状结构， 利于安装和拆卸， 且利于针对性的检修、 更换和维护； 所述柱状桁架轴包括沿圆周方向均布的竖 直杆 2a和将竖直杆 2a相互固定连接的支撑筋 I 2b; 结构简单， 强度较高， 并 形成较大的过流空间， 进一歩减小阻力。
所述叶片框架 4之间通过支撑筋 Π 6固定连接， 增加叶片组件的整体强度， 保证其使用性能。
本实施例中， 所述发电总成包括传动组件和发电机 7， 如图所示， 发电 机通过支架 12安装于水面浮台； 所述传动组件包括与柱状桁架轴同轴固 定连接的环状体 8和至少在圆周方向固定于环状体的主动齿圈 10， 所述发电机 7的动力输入端设有与主动齿圈 10啮合并用于将动力输入发电机 7的从动齿轮 11， 所述环状体 8转动配合担在水面浮台 1上表面， 该转动配合结构可采用现 有技术的任何结构； 结构简单紧凑， 制造成本较低。
本实施例中， 所述叶片框架 4所在的平面沿柱状桁架轴 2 的切向， 如图 5 所示， 箭头 B为旋转方向， 箭头 C为洋流方向， 叶片根据洋流以及旋转方向进 行开合， 增加旋转效率； 所述过载泄流弹性元件 5为一端固定于叶片框架 4并 对叶片 3施加弹力的弹片结构， 所述弹力对叶片 3在旋转方向限位； 弹片结构 易于布置和安装， 并且弹力耐久， 与叶片具有较好的贴合性。
本实施例中， 所述柱状桁架轴 2 为可拆卸式并根据长短进行拼装的结构， 可采用现有技术的桁架拼装结构， 在局部轴端可采用固定悍接结构； 所述叶片 框架 4与柱状桁架轴 2之间为可拆卸式固定连接； 能够根据水域的深度自由组 合延长或縮短， 使其具有较好的通用性。
本实施例中， 所述水面浮台 1上设有固定座 9， 所述环状体 8转动配合担在 固定座 9上， 并与固定座 9之间形成转动副， 可采用现有的转动副结构， 本领 域技术人员根据上述记载均能知道， 但转动副并不限于现有的结构； 本实施例 中， 所述转动副为推力轴承结构、 由上至下向外倾斜的滚轮结构或者为平面滑 动轴承结构； 推力轴承能够承受轴向力的同时还能够承受径向力， 适用于海上 环境变化复杂的条件下使用； 如图所示， 本申请采用由上至下向外倾斜的滚轮 结构， 包括通过支架 20设置于环状体 8上的滚轮 19和设置于固定座 9上的环 形导轨 21， 对滚轮 19进行导向， 使环状体 8在柱状桁架轴带动下转动； 本结构 环状体 8于固定座 9之间空间较大， 具有较好的通风效果， 避免生锈或阻塞， 运转顺畅， 同时能够承受较大径向力； 环形导轨 21是一闭合的圆圈轨道， 可以 使用单轨道、 双轨道或多轨道， 引导滚轮做圆周旋滑运动； 采用双轨道或多轨 道时， 外圈轨道设置高于内圈轨道， 以强加装置的径向负荷能力； 当然， 可采 用推力轴承结构， 需配以保持架等； 或者， 采用现有的水润滑合金轴承， 更利 于在潮湿环境下使用。
本实施例中， 所述柱状桁架轴下部设有定位组件， 所述定位组件包括与柱 状桁架轴固定连接的定位轴 15和外套于定位轴 15与其转动配合的轴套 18， 如 图所示， 定位轴 15通过支架 16固定连接于柱状桁架轴， 所述轴套 18用于与将 其锚接的锚索 17连接； 采用本结构将柱状桁架轴下部进行牵扯定位， 避免本发 明随洋流飘移， 保证其使用； 同时， 可对水面浮台 1 进行锚索牵扯定位， 进一 歩保证稳定性。
本实施例中，所述水面浮台 1采用船形结构或者为钢结构 13下部嵌合低密 度高分子材料 14形成的复合结构 （如图所示）， 低密度高分子材料指的是密度 低于水 （或海水） 的高分子材料， 使用时能够浮于水面； 所述发电机 7为多个 均布于主动齿圈周围， 图中仅表明一个， 多个发电机 7与其安装和配合结构相 同， 本处所指的多个是指在主动齿圈直径足够大的前提下， 在其周围安装发电 机的数量并不具有上限； 每个发电机 7对应设有与主动齿圈啮合的从动齿轮； 如图所示， 主动齿圈 10和从动齿轮 11均为锥齿轮。
本实施例中， 所述柱状桁架轴 2与水面浮台 1转动配合的轴段固定设有轴 套 23， 水面浮台 1与轴套 23配合设有滑动轴承 22 ; 运行时形成滑动配合副， 并形成支点， 保证结构的稳定性， 减少输出端的径向力， 利于保持长周期稳定 运行。
本申请中， 固定连接根据需要可采用悍接， 也可采用可拆卸式固定连接； 传动配合 （连接） 可采用键连接或固定连接； 各个转动配合均可采用轴承等结 构配合 （鉴于本发明的使用环境， 较佳的选择伪水润滑合金轴承）。
最后说明的是， 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制， 尽管参 照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明， 本领域的普通技术人员应当理解， 可 以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换， 而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗 旨和范围， 其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims

1.一种悬浮式洋流组合发电装置， 其特征在于： 包括水面浮台、 位于水面 浮台以下可通过洋流驱动的叶轮总成和位于水面浮台上用于接收叶轮总成的转 动机械能并转化为电能的发电总成；
所述叶轮总成具有叶片组件和叶轮轴， 所述叶轮轴向上转动配合伸出水面 浮台并与发电总成的动力输入端传动配合； 所述叶轮总成沿叶轮轴的轴向向下 限位并可与水面浮台共同悬浮于海洋的工作区域。
2.根据权利要求 1 所述的悬浮式洋流组合发电装置， 其特征在于： 所述叶 轮轴为柱状桁架轴， 叶片组件至少包括沿圆周方向均布于柱状桁架轴的叶片。
3.根据权利要求 2所述的悬浮式洋流组合发电装置， 其特征在于： 所述叶 片以可绕竖直轴线呈扇形摆动的方式设置， 且所述叶片在柱状桁架轴旋转方向 上限位并对洋流形成阻力。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的悬浮式洋流组合发电装置， 其特征在于： 所述叶 片组件还包括固定均布于柱状桁架轴圆周方向的叶片框架， 所述叶片以可绕竖 直轴线呈扇形摆动的方式铰接于叶片框架。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的悬浮式洋流组合发电装置， 其特征在于： 所述叶 片框架上设有过载泄流弹性元件， 所述过载泄流弹性元件对叶片施加使叶片在 柱状桁架轴旋转方向上限位并对洋流形成阻力的预紧力。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的悬浮式洋流组合发电装置， 其特征在于： 所述叶 片框架为竖向排列的格状结构， 叶片与格状结构的格一一对应设置； 所述柱状 桁架轴包括沿圆周方向均布的竖直杆和将竖直杆相互固定连接的支撑筋 I ； 所述叶片框架之间通过支撑筋 II固定连接。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的悬浮式洋流组合发电装置， 其特征在于： 所述叶 片框架所在的平面沿柱状桁架轴的切向； 所述过载泄流弹性元件为一端固定于 叶片框架并对叶片施加弹力的弹片结构， 所述弹力对叶片在旋转方向限位。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的悬浮式洋流组合发电装置， 其特征在于： 所述柱 状桁架轴下部设有定位组件， 所述定位组件包括与柱状桁架轴固定连接的定位 轴和外套于定位轴与其转动配合的轴套， 所述轴套用于与将其锚接的锚索连接。
9. 根据权利要求 8所述的悬浮式洋流组合发电装置， 其特征在于： 所述柱 状桁架轴为可拆卸式并根据长短进行拼装的结构， 所述叶片框架与柱状桁架轴 之间为可拆卸式固定连接。
10. 根据权利要求 9所述的悬浮式洋流组合发电装置， 其特征在于： 所述 水面浮台采用船形结构或者为钢结构下部嵌合低密度高分子材料形成的复合结 构； 所述发电机为多个均布于主动齿圈周围， 每个发电机对应设有与主动齿圈 啮合的从动齿轮； 所述水面浮台上设有固定座， 所述环状体转动配合担在固定 座上， 并与固定座之间形成转动副， 所述转动副为推力轴承结构、 由上至下向 外倾斜的滚轮结构或者为平面滑动轴承结构； 所述发电总成包括传动组件和发 电机， 所述传动组件包括与柱状桁架轴同轴固定连接的环状体和至少在圆周方 向固定于环状体的主动齿圈， 所述发电机的动力输入端设有与主动齿圈啮合并 用于将动力输入发电机的从动齿轮， 所述环状体转动配合担在水面浮台上表面； 所述柱状桁架轴与水面浮台转动配合的轴段固定设有轴套， 水面浮台与轴套配 合设有滑动轴承。
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