WO2012144641A1 - スロッシング防止装置及びスロッシング防止方法 - Google Patents

スロッシング防止装置及びスロッシング防止方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012144641A1
WO2012144641A1 PCT/JP2012/060798 JP2012060798W WO2012144641A1 WO 2012144641 A1 WO2012144641 A1 WO 2012144641A1 JP 2012060798 W JP2012060798 W JP 2012060798W WO 2012144641 A1 WO2012144641 A1 WO 2012144641A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tank
floating body
sloshing
liquid
floating
Prior art date
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PCT/JP2012/060798
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
誠 荒井
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国立大学法人横浜国立大学
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Application filed by 国立大学法人横浜国立大学 filed Critical 国立大学法人横浜国立大学
Priority to BR112013027132A priority Critical patent/BR112013027132A2/pt
Priority to CN201280019801.1A priority patent/CN103492261B/zh
Priority to JP2013511080A priority patent/JP6049084B2/ja
Priority to KR1020137029169A priority patent/KR101632104B1/ko
Publication of WO2012144641A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012144641A1/ja

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/016—Preventing slosh
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an anti-sloshing device and an anti-sloshing method, and more particularly, a membrane-type liquid storage that prevents a sloshing phenomenon from occurring in a membrane-type liquid storage tank of a liquid cargo ship or a floating marine facility.
  • the present invention relates to a tank sloshing prevention device and a sloshing prevention method.
  • a liquefied natural gas carrier ship (hereinafter referred to as “LNG ship”) that transports liquefied natural gas over long distances is known.
  • a liquid phase natural gas obtained by liquefying natural gas at an extremely low temperature ( ⁇ 162 ° C.) (that is, liquefied natural gas) is greatly advantageous in terms of transport efficiency because it is greatly reduced in volume compared to a gas phase natural gas.
  • the LNG ship has a special LNG storage tank that can withstand such extremely low temperatures ( ⁇ 162 ° C.).
  • the spherical tank type LNG storage tank is advantageous in terms of structural strength, but the hull tends to be enlarged due to the deterioration of volumetric efficiency.
  • the membrane-type LNG storage tank is advantageous in terms of construction cost, freedom of route selection, etc., because the hull size can be reduced compared to the spherical tank method with the same loading capacity. is there. For this reason, the tendency of membrane type LNG storage tanks to be adopted in the design of LNG ships is particularly noticeable in recent years, coupled with the trend toward larger LNG storage tanks accompanying an increase in demand for liquefied natural gas and the amount of transport.
  • the sloshing phenomenon is a phenomenon in which liquid cargo or the like stored in a tank is vibrated vigorously by being vibrated by the movement of the tank.
  • the sloshing phenomenon causes problems such as excessive liquid impact pressure acting on the inner wall of the tank, fluctuating load on the tank support structure, influence on hull motion, and scattering of liquid cargo.
  • FLNG Floating LNG
  • LNG-FPSO Floating Production Storage and Offloading system
  • FPSO receives natural gas from a well offshore, separates and pretreats, liquefies, and stores and ships as LNG. Since the FPSO floating body is fixed on the ocean, it cannot take retreat action during stormy weather like a normal ship. Moreover, it is stored in the LNG production process, LNG transfer process to the transport ship, etc. A tank half-load condition always occurs. For this reason, in the FPSO type floating body provided with the membrane type LNG storage tank, the occurrence of the sloshing phenomenon is of particular concern.
  • Patent Document 1 JP 2009-18608
  • Patent Document 2 JP 2009-18608
  • Patent Document 2 JP 2009-18608
  • Patent Document 2 describes a sloshing prevention technique for dividing a LNG storage tank by a bulkhead with respect to a large LNG ship equipped with a membrane type LNG storage tank.
  • the LNG ship described in Patent Document 1 appropriately transfers the liquefied natural gas in the spherical independent tank to the membrane tank to keep the inside of the membrane tank in a fully loaded state, thereby preventing sloshing in the membrane tank. This is to prevent the occurrence.
  • the LNG storage tank described in Patent Document 2 attempts to prevent the occurrence of the sloshing phenomenon by completely dividing the tank inner area by partition walls and reducing the volume of the tank inner area accompanying the division.
  • Such a sloshing phenomenon also occurs in the ballast water in the ballast tank. Sloshing prevention designed to divide the ballast water free liquid level in the ballast tank by a floating partition and reduce the area of the free liquid level located on each side of the partition as a technology to prevent the ballast water sloshing phenomenon
  • An apparatus is described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 53-44237 (Patent Document 3).
  • Patent Document 4 discloses a sloshing prevention system in which a large number of flat floating bodies are floated on the free surface of ballast water, and the area of the free surface is greatly reduced. An apparatus is described.
  • the LNG ship described in Patent Document 1 appropriately replenishes the liquid in the spherical independent tank into the membrane tank when the amount of liquid in the membrane tank decreases, thereby ensuring that the membrane tank is fully loaded.
  • the configuration is such that it is always maintained.
  • the LNG ship of Patent Document 1 must always use different types of tanks, and a fluid transfer facility for transferring liquefied natural gas between a spherical independent tank and a membrane tank is provided on the hull. Therefore, the overall structure of the LNG ship is complicated.
  • the anti-sloshing device described in Patent Document 2 has a structure in which the region in the membrane tank is completely divided by the partition wall, but the inner surface of the membrane tank is formed of a thin alloy having a thickness of 1 mm or less. Therefore, considering the structural stability, strength and proof strength of a self-standing or upstanding partition that reaches a height of about 25 to 40 m, the joint structure between the partition and the tank inner surface, and the solid support structure that supports the partition Dividing the membrane tank by such a partition wall involves disadvantages in construction cost, complication of the hull structure, difficulty in designing and building the hull, and the like.
  • the floating partition described in Patent Document 3 fixes a steel material for guiding and holding the partition and guides the partition to the wall surface of the ballast tank, and divides the free liquid level of the ballast water by the partition, It has a configuration in which the area of the free liquid surface located on each side of the partition is reduced.
  • This configuration relates to prevention of sloshing of the ballast tank.
  • the inner surface of the membrane tank formed of a thin alloy having a thickness of 1 mm or less does not have the strength to support such a partition wall, and it is extremely difficult to attach such a steel material to the tank inner surface.
  • the partition wall is supported by the inner wall of the tank so that the both ends can move up and down, and extends over the entire length or the entire width of the ballast tank.
  • the anti-sloshing means described in Patent Document 4 has a structure in which the behavior of the free surface of the ballast water is entirely suppressed by a large number of plate-like floating bodies, and thus supports a large number of floating bodies so as to be movable up and down. Many guide members need to be installed in the tank. Although this configuration may be applicable for preventing sloshing of the ballast tank, in the membrane tank for transporting liquefied natural gas, the inner surface of the tank is formed of a thin alloy having a thickness of 1 mm or less as described above. Therefore, it is difficult to install such a large number of guide members and their support structures in the tank. Further, the anti-sloshing means described in Patent Document 4 merely reduces the area of the free water surface and cannot directly regulate or control the behavior or vibration of water below the water surface.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a sloshing with a simple or simple structure that effectively prevents the sloshing phenomenon of the liquid stored in the membrane liquid storage tank. It is to provide a prevention device.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a sloshing prevention method capable of effectively preventing the sloshing phenomenon of the liquid stored in the membrane type liquid storage tank with a simple or simple configuration.
  • the present invention provides a sloshing prevention device that is provided in a membrane liquid storage tank of a liquid cargo carrier or a floating marine facility and prevents a sloshing phenomenon from occurring in the tank.
  • a plurality of floating bodies arranged in series in the longitudinal or lateral direction of the ship or marine equipment hull; While supporting the floating body against a horizontal external force acting on the floating body, and having a plurality of vertical struts that guide the floating body in the vertical direction,
  • the floating body has a preset draft amount (meaning a draft size or submerged amount measured from the liquid level, hereinafter referred to as “draft amount” in the present specification and claims) and in the tank.
  • the floating body floats on the free liquid surface in the tank to divide the liquid surface and the liquid below the liquid surface, and in the lower region of the floating body
  • the anti-sloshing device is characterized in that the liquid on both sides of the liquid is made continuous.
  • the present invention also relates to a sloshing prevention method for preventing a sloshing phenomenon occurring in a membrane liquid storage tank of a liquid cargo ship or a floating marine facility.
  • a plurality of floating bodies that are supported with respect to a horizontal external force and move up and down in response to liquid level fluctuations are arranged in series in the longitudinal direction or the lateral direction of the ship or the marine equipment,
  • the floating body that secures a predetermined draft amount is floated on the free liquid surface in the tank to divide the liquid and the liquid below the liquid surface, and the liquid on both sides of the floating body in the lower region of the floating body
  • a sloshing prevention method is provided, which prevents the occurrence of the sloshing phenomenon by shifting the natural frequency of the liquid vibration generated in the tank to the high frequency side.
  • the liquid stored in the tank is divided only by the liquid level and the liquid in the vicinity of the liquid level by the floating body, and the liquid in the tank is continuously continuous in the lower region of the floating body.
  • Each floating body moves up and down independently in response to the vertical movement of the liquid level.
  • the liquid vibration in the tank is attenuated by the vertical movement of the floating body, and the natural frequency of the liquid vibration is shifted to the high frequency range side by dividing the free liquid surface. According to the present invention, such a shift of the natural frequency can prevent synchronization of ocean waves and ship motion and liquid vibration in the tank, and can prevent or suppress the occurrence of sloshing.
  • the floating body divides
  • harmful U-shaped pipe vibration does not occur.
  • the floating row is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the hull (front and rear direction of the hull, longitudinal direction of the hull or rolling axis), and sloshing due to pitching of the hull is prevented.
  • it arranges in a hull lateral direction (left-right dredging direction, hull width direction, or pitching axis direction).
  • the anti-sloshing effect obtained by dividing the free liquid surface and the liquid below the liquid surface is substantially the same as the anti-sloshing effect obtained when the entire liquid in the tank is completely divided by the bulkhead.
  • the floating body row may be suspended in the tank without dividing the liquid in the tank entirely by the partition wall, and thus the structural stability, strength and proof strength of the self-standing or upstanding partition wall.
  • the sloshing prevention mechanism can be disposed in the tank without considering the problem of the joining structure between the partition walls and the tank inner surface, and the solid support structure for supporting the partition walls.
  • the present invention does not require the combined use of different types of tanks intended to prevent sloshing and the transfer of liquefied natural gas between tanks.
  • the floating body does not need to suppress the behavior of the free liquid level over a wide area, and the free liquid level and the liquid in the vicinity thereof may be divided by the floating body row.
  • the occurrence of sloshing in the membrane type liquid storage tank can be effectively prevented by the sloshing prevention mechanism having a simple or simple structure.
  • the liquid level may be divided by a plurality of floating bodies, the distance between the horizontal fulcrums of the floating bodies is greatly reduced. For this reason, the strength of the floating body can be secured relatively easily.
  • the liquid level difference of the free liquid level generated along the floating body row in the direction of the floating body row can be almost absorbed by the height difference between the floating bodies, so that the height dimension of the floating body can be reduced.
  • the sloshing phenomenon of the liquid stored in the membrane type liquid storage tank can be effectively prevented with a simple or simple structure.
  • the sloshing phenomenon of the liquid stored in the membrane type liquid storage tank can be effectively prevented with a simple or simple configuration.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing an overall configuration of an LNG ship including a sloshing prevention device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2A is a cross-sectional view of the LNG storage tank taken along line II in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view illustrating an outline of the stacking limitation applied to the LNG storage tank.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view and a partially enlarged plan view conceptually showing the configuration of an LNG storage tank having a sloshing prevention device and having a quadrangular cross section.
  • 4A is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 3
  • FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the structure and cross-sectional shape of a floating body.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the excitation frequency of a wave that causes a shake in the horizontal direction (the hull lateral direction) and the maximum wave amplitude per roll angle generated in the LNG storage tank.
  • FIG. 6 shows a numerical analysis result obtained under the condition that the liquid level ratio in the LNG storage tank is assumed to be 63%.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the excitation frequency of the wave that causes the horizontal shaking and the maximum wave amplitude per degree of roll angle generated in the LNG storage tank.
  • FIG. 7 shows a numerical analysis result obtained under the condition that the liquid level ratio of the liquefied natural gas is assumed to be 30%.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the excitation frequency of a wave that causes a shake in the horizontal direction (the hull lateral direction) and the maximum wave amplitude per roll angle generated in the LNG storage tank.
  • FIG. 6 shows
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the primary natural frequency of the liquid motion in the LNG storage tank and the liquid level in the tank.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a form of liquid level division by a floating body.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the shift of the natural frequency associated with the difference in the number of free liquids.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the anti-sloshing effect of the floating body shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between the height of the roll center and the maximum wave amplitude.
  • the floating bodies are spaced apart from each other, and a gap through which liquid can flow is formed between adjacent floating bodies.
  • a gap through which liquid can flow is also formed between the floating body and the inner wall surface of the tank. The movement of the liquid flowing through these gaps works to dampen the liquid vibration in the tank, so that the effect of damping the liquid vibration can be further obtained, and therefore the occurrence of sloshing can be more effectively prevented.
  • the floating body has a draft amount of at least a tank total height H ⁇ 0.05 or more, and preferably, the draft amount of the floating body is set to a dimension of a tank total height H ⁇ 0.1 or more, or The distance from the lower part to the bottom of the tank is set to a dimension of liquid level h ⁇ 0.80 or less at the liquid level of the tank total height H ⁇ 0.5.
  • the distance from the bottom of the floating body to the bottom of the tank is the liquid level h ⁇
  • the dimension is set to 0.80 or less, and the draft of the floating body is set to a dimension of liquid level h ⁇ 0.20 or more.
  • the vertical strut penetrates the floating body.
  • Upper and lower bases that support the upper and lower ends of the column are fixed to the ceiling and bottom surfaces of the tank.
  • the base restricts the vertical movement range of the floating body and prevents the floating body from colliding with the ceiling surface or bottom surface of the tank.
  • the base also shortens the distance between the vertical fulcrum of the struts to a distance smaller than the height of the area in the tank, improving the strut strength and rigidity.
  • the dimension between the lower surface of the upper base that prevents the floating body from rising and the tank ceiling surface is set to a value within the range of the total tank height H ⁇ 0.3 or less. More preferably, the dimension between the upper surface of the lower base portion that prevents the floating body from descending and the tank bottom surface is set to a value within the range of the total tank height H ⁇ 0.1 or less.
  • the free liquid level of the liquid is equally divided in the width direction of the hull (lateral direction of the hull) by floating bodies arranged in the fore-and-aft direction (vertical direction of the hull).
  • Each floating body is supported by a plurality of vertical struts spaced in the bow-stern direction so as to be movable up and down.
  • the floating bodies are aligned on the central axis of the tank extending in the stern direction, or are arranged in parallel in a plurality of substantially parallel rows.
  • the floating body is a hollow polyhedron composed of a horizontal plane and a vertical plane.
  • An internal hollow region for ensuring buoyancy is formed inside the floating body.
  • a floating body has a partition part extended in a perpendicular direction, and a side protrusion part extended in a side from a partition part.
  • the partition portion divides the liquid near the free liquid level or the free liquid level.
  • the side protruding portion functions to attenuate the liquid vibration and to suppress the vertical movement of the floating body itself.
  • the floating body has buoyancy adjusting means for adjusting the amount of draft of the floating body.
  • the buoyancy adjusting means includes buoyancy reducing means for allowing the liquid in the tank area to flow into the hollow interior area of the floating body, or buoyancy weight adjusting means for adjusting the weight of the floating body. It is also possible to provide the floating body with buoyancy control means that can variably control the draft amount in relation to the liquid level in the tank.
  • the cross section of the tank cut by the vertical cutting plane is a quadrangle. Since a tank with a square cross section is disadvantageous compared to a tank with an octagonal cross section from the viewpoint of preventing sloshing, conventionally, a tank with an octagonal cross section having poor volume efficiency has been generally employed. However, by adopting the anti-sloshing mechanism configured as described above in a tank having a square cross section, the anti-sloshing function can be improved and the volumetric efficiency can be improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing an overall configuration of an LNG ship (liquefied natural gas carrier ship).
  • FIG. 1 shows an LNG ship equipped with a sloshing prevention device 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the LNG ship 1 has a bow part 2, a tank compartment 3, an engine room 4, and a stern part 5. Above the engine room 4, a residential area 6 and a steering room 7 are arranged.
  • the tank partition area 3 is partitioned by a partition wall 8 extending in the left-right ridge direction (the hull width direction), and a membrane-type LNG storage tank 10 having a sloshing prevention device 20 is disposed in each partition.
  • the LNG ship 1 shown in FIG. 1 may be grasped as an offshore LNG-FPSO. In this case, the LNG ship 1 is moored in a state where the position on the sea surface WL is fixed.
  • FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of the LNG storage tank 10 taken along the line II in FIG. In FIG. 2A, the hull is indicated by an imaginary line (dashed line).
  • the LNG storage tank 10 (hereinafter referred to as “tank 10”) has a structure in which the surface (the tank inner surface) of the heat insulating material 11 attached inside the hull is completely covered with a metal thin film (membrane) 12 having a thickness of 1 mm or less. Have. The section of the tank 10 cut by the vertical cut surface (II line) in the left-right heel direction is an octagon.
  • a box made of plywood with foamed perlite or polyurethane insulation is generally used.
  • the metal thin film 12 an Invar material (36% nickel steel) having a thickness of about 0.7 mm, a SUS3041 membrane or the like is generally used.
  • the tank 10 constitutes a large membrane type LNG storage tank having a width of 30 to 40 m.
  • FIG. 2 (B) is a cross-sectional view showing the stacking limitation applied to such a membrane type LNG storage tank.
  • An LNG containing area 15 capable of containing liquefied natural gas (LNG) is formed in the tank 10, and the free liquid level LL of the liquefied natural gas is spatially within the range of the total tank height H of the LNG containing area 15. It can be arbitrarily set in. However, when a sloshing phenomenon occurs in the liquid (liquefied natural gas) in the LNG storage area 15, a very high hydraulic pressure acts on the metal thin film 12 by the liquid that violently collides with the metal thin film 12, and as a result, the structure of the tank 10 May be destroyed by the action of excessive fluid pressure.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • the stacking limitation of the membrane type LNG storage tank is defined in the Rules of the Classification Society, etc., and the liquid level LL is limited to the range k1, k3 of the height h1 or h3, and the range of the height h2 A semi-mounted state in which the liquid level LL is located within (range k2) is not allowed.
  • the rules of the classification society rules may be changed in the future due to the revision of the rules, etc., but according to the loading conditions specified in the current classification society rules, the height h1 is the total height of the tank H ⁇
  • the height h1 + h2 is 0.1, and the total tank height H ⁇ 0.7.
  • the height range in which the membrane type LNG storage tank can be stacked is limited to a range k3 of the tank total height H ⁇ 0.7 or more, or a range k1 of the tank total height H ⁇ 0.1 or less.
  • the semi-mounted state where the liquid level LL is located in the range of the height h2 (that is, the tank total height H ⁇ 0.1 to 0.7 range k2) is in the production process or the transfer process. Always occurs.
  • a two-port loading that is, a transportation mode that transports a large amount of liquefied natural gas over long distances while loading liquefied natural gas at multiple ports.
  • a semi-loading state in which the liquid level LL is located within the range k2 of the height h2 may occur transiently.
  • the LNG half-loading state that occurs in the production or transfer process of LNG-FPSO is difficult to tolerate, and two-port loading that can cause the LNG semi-loading state, etc. LNG ships are not allowed to be transported due to the above loading restrictions.
  • the LNG ship 1 of this example includes a sloshing prevention device 20 that prevents the occurrence of sloshing during such half loading.
  • Sloshing is a kind of vibration phenomenon, and the vibration frequency (oscillation frequency) of ocean waves that shake the tank 10 and the natural frequency of liquid motion (vibration of liquefied natural gas) in the tank 10 coincide with each other. Oscillation occurs when the vibrations are synchronized with each other. Further, since the same synchronization phenomenon occurs when the natural frequency of the rolling motion of the hull itself and the natural frequency of the liquid motion in the tank 10 coincide with each other, attention should be paid to such synchronization.
  • the anti-sloshing device 20 of the tank 10 functions to prevent such vibration synchronization.
  • the anti-sloshing device 20 is supported by a pair of upper and lower bases 21, 22, a vertical column 23 extending vertically between the bases 21, 22, and supported by the vertical column 23 so as to be movable up and down.
  • the floating body 24 is formed.
  • the lower base portion 21 is erected on the tank bottom surface 13, and the upper base portion 22 hangs down from the tank ceiling surface 14.
  • the vertical support 23 constitutes a guide means for guiding the floating body 24 in the vertical direction.
  • the upper and lower bases 21 and 22 constitute a stopper or a vertical movement restricting means for limiting the vertical movement range of the floating body 24.
  • the bases 21, 22 prevent the floating body 24 from colliding with the tank bottom surface 13 or the tank ceiling surface 14, and are high enough to firmly fix the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the vertical column 23 to the tank bottom surface 13 and the tank ceiling surface 14.
  • the fulcrum distance j2 of the vertical support 23 is determined by setting the height dimensions j1 and j3 of the bases 21 and 22, and the rigidity and strength of the vertical support 23 are directly related to the fulcrum distance j2.
  • the height dimension j1 is substantially the same as the distance from the lower or lower surface of the floating body 24 at the lowest position to the tank bottom surface 13, and the height dimension j3 is from the upper or upper surface of the floating body 24 at the highest position to the tank ceiling. It is substantially the same as the distance to the surface 14.
  • the height dimensions j1 to j3 correspond to the heights h1 to h3 and the ranges k1 to k3.
  • the height dimensions j1 to j3 are set to substantially the same values as the heights h1 to h3. If desired, j1 ⁇ h1 and j3 ⁇ h3 are set, and a sufficient vertical movement range of the floating body 24 is ensured.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view and a partially enlarged plan view conceptually showing the structure of the tank 10, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines II-II and III-III in FIG. However, the tank 10 has a square (rectangular) cross section (II-II line cross section).
  • the LNG storage tank is designed to have an octagonal cross section in which the width of the bottom region and the top region is gradually reduced.
  • This is a cross-sectional shape mainly considering prevention of sloshing.
  • the cross section of the LNG storage tank cut by the vertical cut surface (II-II line) in the left-right direction is a quadrangle.
  • a square section tank is advantageous in improving volumetric efficiency compared to an octagonal section tank.
  • each tank 10 a plurality (three in this example) of floating bodies 24 are arranged in series in the bow-stern direction (the hull longitudinal direction) at intervals.
  • the liquid level LL is divided by the floating body 24 in the horizontal direction.
  • gaps or gaps 25 through which liquefied natural gas can flow are formed.
  • a gap or gap 26 through which the liquefied natural gas can flow is also formed between the floating body 24 and the tank inner wall surface 16.
  • each floating body 24 includes a plurality of vertical struts 23 (main In the example, it is supported by a pair of vertical columns 23) so as to be movable up and down.
  • Each floating body 24 is made of a metal hollow body having an airtight / liquid-tight structure, and always floats on the liquid surface LL by buoyancy acting on the floating body 24 itself. The draft D of the floating body 24 is determined by its own weight and buoyancy.
  • a hole or an opening is formed in the bottom of the floating body as a liquid introduction means for adjusting buoyancy, and the liquid (liquefied natural gas) enters the floating body 24.
  • a structure with which the above can be used may be employed, or a liquid or solid having a relatively high specific gravity may be additionally accommodated in the floating body 24.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view and a perspective view schematically showing the structure of the floating body 24.
  • 5 (A) and 5 (B) show a floating body 24 having an inverted T-shaped cross section shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, and FIG. 5 (C) shows an I without a side protrusion.
  • a floating body 24 having a profile is shown.
  • 5D shows a floating body 24 having a cross-shaped cross section
  • FIG. 5E shows a floating body 24 according to a modified example of an inverted T-shaped cross section.
  • FIG. 5 (F) shows a floating body 24 having an inverted Y-shaped cross section in which a pair of left and right hanging protrusions 29 are disposed on both side edges of the lower surface of the inverted T-shaped floating body.
  • the floating body 24 shown in FIGS. 5 (A) and 5 (B) has an inverted T-shaped cross section with a lower portion projecting laterally.
  • the floating body 24 includes a plurality of sheath tubes 28.
  • the sheath tube 28 has a square cross section and penetrates the floating body 24 in the vertical direction.
  • a vertical column 23 is inserted into each sheath tube 28.
  • the vertical support 23 is made of, for example, a stainless steel rectangular metal tube having an outer dimension of 80 cm ⁇ 40 cm and a thickness of 5 cm. It was confirmed in a simple structural design that such a metal tube exhibits sufficient structural strength to ensure the function of the vertical support 23.
  • the sheath tube 28 has a rectangular cross section similar to the outer shape of the vertical column 23, and a predetermined clearance is secured between the outer surface of the vertical column 23 and the inner surface of the sheath tube 28.
  • the plurality of vertical columns 23 guide the vertical movement of the floating body 24 while maintaining the posture of the floating body 24.
  • a floating body 24 having an inverted Y-shaped cross section illustrated in FIG. The protrusion 29 acts to disturb the flow of fluid near the lower surface of the floating body 24.
  • the floating body 24 shown in FIG. 5 (C) is made of a hollow panel member having a rectangular or box-shaped cross section having an internal hollow region 27 and does not have a side protruding portion.
  • the floating body 24 having such a sectional shape divides the liquid surface LL and the liquid in the vicinity of the liquid surface, and effectively prevents the occurrence of sloshing.
  • a cross-sectional shape known as a wave-free shape that is, a cross-sectional shape that is difficult to receive a vertical wave forcing force.
  • the vertical movement of the floating body 24 at the time of occurrence can be suppressed, and the anti-sloshing effect of the floating body 24 can be further improved.
  • the waveless shape has a shape in which the cross-sectional shape of the floating body bottom is rounded, or the floating body bottom has a triangular shape.
  • the floating body 24 having a laterally protruding portion as shown in FIGS. 5 (A), 5 (D) and 5 (E) has a damping effect that attenuates the liquid motion. This is advantageous in preventing sloshing.
  • the frequency of liquid vibration that requires the anti-sloshing effect varies depending on the shape and dimensions of the tank 10, the structural characteristics such as the support structure of the tank 10, the motion characteristics of the hull or floating marine equipment, or the wave characteristics of the operating sea area. . For this reason, each part dimension of the floating body 24 cannot be defined uniquely.
  • the liquid vibration in the tank 10 has a frequency of 0.15 Hz or more.
  • cross-sectional shape of the floating body 24 various shapes such as a rectangular cross-section (reverse concave cross-section, substantially cross-section), an inverted Y-shaped cross-section, an X-shaped cross-section, etc. having an open bottom can be adopted.
  • the floating body 24 does not divide the liquid in the tank 10 as a whole, but divides only the liquid level LL and the liquid in the vicinity thereof, so that the liquid on both sides of the floating body 24 continues in the lower region of the floating body 24. .
  • the floating body 24 moves up and down in response to the behavior of the liquid level LL and suppresses liquid vibration in the tank 10. Due to the division of the liquid level LL by the floating body 24, the natural frequency of the liquid motion is shifted to the high frequency side. This brings about the same effect as the complete division of the area in the tank by the bulkhead. Since the floating body 24 divides the tank area into a U-tube shape, there is a concern about the occurrence of U-tube vibration in which the liquid columns on the left and right rise alternately. Small and harmful U-tube vibration does not occur.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 are diagrams showing the relationship between the excitation frequency of a wave that gives 1 degree of roll (hull rolling) to the hull and the maximum wave amplitude ⁇ per roll angle that occurs in the tank 10. It is.
  • the maximum wave amplitude ⁇ is the rising amount (maximum value) of the liquid surface edge during vibration with respect to the stationary horizontal liquid surface.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 the frequency of ocean waves that have a high probability of occurring in the North Atlantic in winter is shown as the frequency range ⁇ of the excitation frequency.
  • Ocean waves that occur in the North Atlantic in winter generally have a frequency in the frequency range ⁇ (a frequency of about 0.11 to about 0.14 Hz).
  • 6 and 7 show the rolling natural frequency of the hull of the LNG ship 1. In this example, the rolling natural frequency of the hull appears in a frequency range considerably lower than the frequency range ⁇ .
  • LNG storage tank without anti-sloshing device or partition wall and with no internal material in the tank area (Comparative Example 1)
  • LNG storage tank provided with a partition that divides the inner region of the tank into right and left at the position (center in the width direction) of the anti-sloshing device 20 (Comparative Example 2)
  • Tank 10 of the present invention provided with the anti-sloshing device 20 (this embodiment)
  • the maximum wave amplitude ⁇ is 0.20 to 0.21 Hz (FIG. 6) or the excitation frequency of about 0.20 Hz (FIG. 7). Increases rapidly.
  • This frequency belongs to a frequency range considerably higher than the frequency range ⁇ . That is, by dividing the tank region by the partition wall, the tuning point is greatly shifted to the high frequency side, so that the synchronization of the ocean wave and the liquid in the tank can be prevented, and the occurrence of sloshing can be prevented.
  • the membrane tank should be divided by the partition. This involves economic or practical difficulties due to disadvantages in construction costs, complexity of the hull structure, difficulty in designing and building the hull, and the like.
  • the maximum wave amplitude ⁇ increases rapidly, and this frequency belongs to a frequency range considerably higher than the frequency range ⁇ . That is, by dividing only the liquid level LL in the tank and the liquid in the vicinity thereof by the floating body 24 of the anti-sloshing device 20, the tuning point is increased to the high frequency side in the same manner as the LNG storage tank of the comparative example 2 having the partition wall. Shifting, thus preventing the synchronization of ocean waves with the liquid in the tank, thereby preventing sloshing from occurring.
  • FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the vertical movement of the floating body 24 relative to the liquid level LL and the excitation frequency.
  • the vertical movement of the floating body 24 that occurs in the frequency range of 0.20 to 0.21 Hz is only a relatively small behavior.
  • FIG. 6 also shows that the floating body 24 moves up and down even in the frequency range of 0.14 to 0.15 Hz. This is only due to the natural frequency of the floating body 24 itself being in this frequency range, and this vertical movement is also a relatively small behavior.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the calculation result of the numerical calculation for obtaining the relationship between the primary natural frequency f 1 of the liquid motion in the LNG storage tank and the liquid level h in the tank.
  • the frequency of the ocean wave having a high probability of occurring in the North Atlantic in winter is shown as the above-described frequency region ⁇ .
  • FIG. 8 shows the frequency of the ocean wave having a high probability of occurring in the North Atlantic in winter.
  • the primary natural frequency f 1 was obtained from the sloshing natural frequency estimation formula shown in FIG.
  • sloshing can be effectively prevented by completely dividing the LNG accommodation area 15 into sections having a width of 20 m or less by the partition walls.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 dividing the liquid level LL and the liquid in the vicinity thereof by the floating body 24 exhibits the same anti-sloshing action as completely dividing the LNG containing area 15 by the partition walls. Therefore, according to the tank 10 of the present embodiment in which the liquid surface LL and the liquid in the vicinity thereof are divided into sections of 20 m or less by the floating body 24, sloshing can be effectively prevented as in the division of the LNG accommodation area 15 by the partition walls. it can. Further, the gaps 25 and 26 (FIGS.
  • the sloshing prevention device 20 of the present embodiment the occurrence of sloshing can be more effectively prevented by forming such gaps 25 and 26.
  • the configuration of the present embodiment in which the liquid level LL and the liquid in the vicinity thereof are divided by the floating body 24 are not accompanied by structural disadvantages associated with the installation of the partition walls.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the tank 10 exemplifying the form of the liquid level LL divided by the floating body 24, and FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the shift of the natural frequency associated with the difference in the number N of free liquid levels.
  • the liquid level rise ⁇ shown in FIG. 9 is the liquid level edge rise during vibration with respect to the stationary horizontal liquid level, and the maximum wave amplitude ⁇ max shown in FIG. 10 sets the hull roll angle to 1 degree.
  • the maximum value ⁇ of the liquid level rise obtained under the above conditions.
  • the floating bodies 24 are arranged in alignment in the central axis direction of the tank 10.
  • the tuning point shifts to the high frequency region side as the free liquid level N increases. Accordingly, the tuning point can be shifted to the high frequency side as desired by appropriately setting the arrangement of the floating bodies 24 and the number of rows according to the conditions such as the hull structure, the tank shape, and the liquid level. .
  • FIG. FIG. 11 (A) shows the change in the vertical position of the liquid level that occurs at the tank end (liquid surface edge) of the tank 10 that does not include the floating body 24.
  • FIG. 11 (B) The change of the liquid level up-and-down position every moment which arises in the tank edge part of the tank 10 provided with the floating body 24 is shown.
  • the vertical position of the liquid level shown in each figure is a numerical analysis result of the vertical position of the liquid level generated when an irregular wave having a significant wave height of 5.95 m and an average wave period of 10.1 seconds is applied to the hull.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between the change in the height Zc of the roll center C and the aforementioned maximum wave amplitude ⁇ max.
  • Such U-shaped tube vibration is a phenomenon that occurs when the same or equivalent condition is sustained for a relatively long time, and therefore, the possibility that the U-shaped tube vibration is generated is relatively low. Even if the U-shaped tube vibration occurs, as shown in FIG. 12, the vibration generated in the frequency range near 0.10 Hz is relatively small. Therefore, the provision of the floating body 24 may cause harmful U-shaped tube vibration. It is considered that there is no risk of the occurrence.
  • the three floating bodies 24 are linearly arranged in the tank 10, but two or four or more floating bodies 24 may be linearly arranged in the tank 10.
  • a single floating body row is arranged on the central axis XX of the tank 10 and the liquid level LL is divided equally on the left and right, but two or more floating body rows are arranged in the tank 10.
  • the liquid level LL can be divided unevenly.
  • the floating bodies 24 do not necessarily have to be arranged strictly on a straight line or in a straight line.
  • a floating body arrangement (such as a staggered arrangement) in a slightly shifted state may be adopted.
  • the present invention can be preferably applied to a membrane liquid storage tank of a liquid cargo ship or a floating marine facility.
  • the anti-sloshing technology of the present invention can be preferably used in a large LNG ship or FLNG facility that has been conventionally recognized as being difficult to store or transport liquid cargo in a semi-mounted state. Since the present invention enables such a large LNG ship or FLNG facility to store or transport liquid cargo in a semi-loading state, its practical effect is significant.
  • the anti-sloshing device of the present invention can be applied to a tank of a ship carrying any liquid cargo.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
PCT/JP2012/060798 2011-04-22 2012-04-21 スロッシング防止装置及びスロッシング防止方法 WO2012144641A1 (ja)

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JP2013511080A JP6049084B2 (ja) 2011-04-22 2012-04-21 スロッシング防止装置及びスロッシング防止方法
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US20190031435A1 (en) * 2016-04-01 2019-01-31 Wison(Nantong) Heavy Industry Co., Ltd. Liquid-stabilizing apparatus for liquid cargo tank
CN114715558B (zh) * 2022-03-07 2023-07-04 江苏海洋大学 一种半主动式制荡装置以及制荡方法
FR3137151A1 (fr) * 2022-06-28 2023-12-29 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Procédé d’assemblage d’un système anti-ballotement dans une cuve de stockage
FR3137152A1 (fr) * 2022-06-28 2023-12-29 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Cuve de stockage destinée à transporter et/ou stocker un gaz à l’état liquide
JP7472126B2 (ja) 2018-11-15 2024-04-22 ギャズトランスポルト エ テクニギャズ 船舶のメンテナンス管理方法

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KR102449398B1 (ko) * 2019-06-07 2022-09-30 삼성중공업 주식회사 슬로싱 저감 구조를 갖는 화물창
CN110254654A (zh) * 2019-06-27 2019-09-20 广船国际有限公司 船舶压载舱内压载水的调整方法、船舶的压载舱及船舶
CN111634998B (zh) * 2020-06-15 2020-12-22 江苏孺子牛生态科技有限公司 河道排污口污水原位处理设备
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CN113148197A (zh) * 2021-04-25 2021-07-23 上海机电工程研究所 一种防晃动燃油储箱及飞行器
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US20190031435A1 (en) * 2016-04-01 2019-01-31 Wison(Nantong) Heavy Industry Co., Ltd. Liquid-stabilizing apparatus for liquid cargo tank
US10815052B2 (en) * 2016-04-01 2020-10-27 Wison(Nantong) Heavy Industry Co., Ltd. Liquid-stabilizing apparatus for liquid cargo tank
CN107585262A (zh) * 2017-10-18 2018-01-16 上海宏华海洋油气装备有限公司 平板半膜菱形lng围护系统
JP7472126B2 (ja) 2018-11-15 2024-04-22 ギャズトランスポルト エ テクニギャズ 船舶のメンテナンス管理方法
CN114715558B (zh) * 2022-03-07 2023-07-04 江苏海洋大学 一种半主动式制荡装置以及制荡方法
FR3137151A1 (fr) * 2022-06-28 2023-12-29 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Procédé d’assemblage d’un système anti-ballotement dans une cuve de stockage
FR3137152A1 (fr) * 2022-06-28 2023-12-29 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Cuve de stockage destinée à transporter et/ou stocker un gaz à l’état liquide
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WO2024003480A1 (fr) * 2022-06-28 2024-01-04 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Cuve de stockage destinée à transporter et/ou stocker un gaz à l'état liquide

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CN103492261A (zh) 2014-01-01
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KR20140031888A (ko) 2014-03-13

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