WO2012132525A1 - Pack battery - Google Patents
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- WO2012132525A1 WO2012132525A1 PCT/JP2012/051604 JP2012051604W WO2012132525A1 WO 2012132525 A1 WO2012132525 A1 WO 2012132525A1 JP 2012051604 W JP2012051604 W JP 2012051604W WO 2012132525 A1 WO2012132525 A1 WO 2012132525A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/42—Grouping of primary cells into batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the battery pack according to the present invention has an overall capacity compared to a battery pack composed only of secondary batteries belonging to the first battery group.
- the overall capacity can be increased as compared with a battery pack composed only of secondary batteries belonging to the second battery group.
- the secondary battery belonging to the second battery group included in the battery pack of the present invention belongs to the first battery group because the average operating voltage of the power generating element body is higher than the secondary battery belonging to the first battery group. Compared with a battery pack composed only of secondary batteries, voltage drop at the initial stage of discharge can be suppressed.
- Example 1 generates less heat at the time of high output as described above.
- Example 4 Temperature measurement during high current discharge for Example 1 and Example 2 Regarding the battery pack according to Example 1 shown in FIG. 2A and Example 2 shown in FIG. Similarly, changes in battery temperature were measured while charging and discharging.
- the temperature rise at the time of high output can be reduced by making the battery group A unevenly distributed in the central region of the block-shaped battery group.
- the reason for this is that when there is not much difference between the currents flowing through battery A and battery B, the amount of heat generated by battery A is smaller than that of battery B.
- the whole battery pack can be soaked in such a way as to absorb the heat generated by the battery B having a large heat generation amount on both sides.
- the battery A is disposed at the end of the battery pack, the heat generated from the battery B cannot be sufficiently absorbed by the battery A, and the overall temperature of the battery pack cannot be equalized. The overall temperature is thought to rise.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
Abstract
In order to obtain high capacity and a high output characteristic in a pack battery for which multiple secondary batteries are connected in parallel, pack batteries (1, 2) are formed by connecting protection circuits (30) and connectors (31) to battery clusters, which are formed by aligning a battery group (10) wherein multiple (three) batteries (A) are connected in series and a battery group (20) wherein multiple (three) batteries (B) are connected in series, and by connecting these battery groups in parallel. The batteries (A) and the batteries (B) are lithium ion batteries and are of the same size, but the average operating voltage of the power-generating element is set higher and the internal resistance is set lower for the batteries (A) than for the batteries (B).
Description
本発明は、複数の電池を備えるパック電池に関する。
The present invention relates to a battery pack including a plurality of batteries.
パック電池は、電動工具、電動アシスト自転車、電動バイク、さらにはハイブリッド電気自動車（ＨＥＶ）や電気自動車（ＰＥＶ）などの動力源としても広い範囲で使用されている。
これらのパック電池は、複数の二次電池をブロック状に配列した電池群に、リード板及び回路基板を装着し、外装ケース内に収容して構成されている。そして、電池群を構成する複数の二次電池は、直列及び並列に接続されている。 Pack batteries are used in a wide range of power sources such as electric tools, electric assist bicycles, electric motorcycles, and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) and electric vehicles (PEV).
These battery packs are configured such that a lead plate and a circuit board are mounted on a battery group in which a plurality of secondary batteries are arranged in a block shape and accommodated in an outer case. And the some secondary battery which comprises a battery group is connected in series and parallel.
これらのパック電池は、複数の二次電池をブロック状に配列した電池群に、リード板及び回路基板を装着し、外装ケース内に収容して構成されている。そして、電池群を構成する複数の二次電池は、直列及び並列に接続されている。 Pack batteries are used in a wide range of power sources such as electric tools, electric assist bicycles, electric motorcycles, and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) and electric vehicles (PEV).
These battery packs are configured such that a lead plate and a circuit board are mounted on a battery group in which a plurality of secondary batteries are arranged in a block shape and accommodated in an outer case. And the some secondary battery which comprises a battery group is connected in series and parallel.
各二次電池は、外装缶内に、正極板と負極板がセパレータを介して対向配置されてなる発電素体が収納され、その開口部が封口されて構成されている。
二次電池の種類としては、比較的出力の高い二次電池であるリチウムイオン電池あるいはアルカリ二次電池が多く用いられている。
そして、並列に接続される複数の二次電池は、基本的に、容量、内部抵抗及び平均動作電圧などの電池特性が同じものが用いられている。 Each secondary battery is configured such that a power generating element body in which a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate are arranged to face each other via a separator is housed in an outer can, and the opening is sealed.
As the type of secondary battery, a lithium ion battery or an alkaline secondary battery, which is a secondary battery having a relatively high output, is often used.
The plurality of secondary batteries connected in parallel basically have the same battery characteristics such as capacity, internal resistance, and average operating voltage.
二次電池の種類としては、比較的出力の高い二次電池であるリチウムイオン電池あるいはアルカリ二次電池が多く用いられている。
そして、並列に接続される複数の二次電池は、基本的に、容量、内部抵抗及び平均動作電圧などの電池特性が同じものが用いられている。 Each secondary battery is configured such that a power generating element body in which a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate are arranged to face each other via a separator is housed in an outer can, and the opening is sealed.
As the type of secondary battery, a lithium ion battery or an alkaline secondary battery, which is a secondary battery having a relatively high output, is often used.
The plurality of secondary batteries connected in parallel basically have the same battery characteristics such as capacity, internal resistance, and average operating voltage.
このようなパック電池において、高容量で且つ高出力を得ることが要求されることも多い。特に、電気自動車などでは、走行距離が長く、高出力で走行できることが求められるので、それを駆動するパック電池においても、高容量であり且つ高出力特性に優れることが求められる。
また、パック電池を低温下で高出力放電すると、放電初期において電圧ドロップが発生しやすいので、この放電初期における電圧ドロップを抑えることも求められる。 In such a battery pack, it is often required to obtain a high capacity and a high output. In particular, since an electric vehicle or the like is required to have a long traveling distance and can be driven at a high output, the battery pack that drives the vehicle is also required to have a high capacity and excellent high output characteristics.
Further, when the battery pack is discharged at a high output at a low temperature, a voltage drop is likely to occur in the initial stage of discharge, and it is also required to suppress the voltage drop in the initial stage of discharge.
また、パック電池を低温下で高出力放電すると、放電初期において電圧ドロップが発生しやすいので、この放電初期における電圧ドロップを抑えることも求められる。 In such a battery pack, it is often required to obtain a high capacity and a high output. In particular, since an electric vehicle or the like is required to have a long traveling distance and can be driven at a high output, the battery pack that drives the vehicle is also required to have a high capacity and excellent high output characteristics.
Further, when the battery pack is discharged at a high output at a low temperature, a voltage drop is likely to occur in the initial stage of discharge, and it is also required to suppress the voltage drop in the initial stage of discharge.
そこで、パック電池の容量と高出力特性を良好にするために、二次電池自体の容量と高出力特性を良好にするための開発もなされているが、二次電池の容量と高出力特性を共に高くするにも制約があり、一方の特性をさらに高めるようとすると、他方の特性が損なわれる傾向にある。
例えば、同じサイズのリチウムイオン電池において、高容量にするために発電素体を構成する極板の厚みを大きく設定すると、高出力駆動時における発熱が大きくなってサイクル寿命が短くなったり、放電初期における電圧ドロップが大きくなりやすい。一方、高出力駆動に適するよう、内部抵抗を低くするために、発電素体を構成する極板の厚みを小さく設定すると、電池容量は低下しやすい。 Therefore, in order to improve the capacity and high output characteristics of the battery pack, development has been made to improve the capacity and high output characteristics of the secondary battery itself. There is also a restriction on increasing both, and if one characteristic is further enhanced, the other characteristic tends to be impaired.
For example, in a lithium ion battery of the same size, if the thickness of the electrode plate constituting the power generation element is set to be large in order to increase the capacity, heat generation during high output driving increases, cycle life is shortened, and initial discharge The voltage drop at is likely to be large. On the other hand, if the thickness of the electrode plate constituting the power generation element is set small in order to reduce the internal resistance so as to be suitable for high output driving, the battery capacity is likely to decrease.
例えば、同じサイズのリチウムイオン電池において、高容量にするために発電素体を構成する極板の厚みを大きく設定すると、高出力駆動時における発熱が大きくなってサイクル寿命が短くなったり、放電初期における電圧ドロップが大きくなりやすい。一方、高出力駆動に適するよう、内部抵抗を低くするために、発電素体を構成する極板の厚みを小さく設定すると、電池容量は低下しやすい。 Therefore, in order to improve the capacity and high output characteristics of the battery pack, development has been made to improve the capacity and high output characteristics of the secondary battery itself. There is also a restriction on increasing both, and if one characteristic is further enhanced, the other characteristic tends to be impaired.
For example, in a lithium ion battery of the same size, if the thickness of the electrode plate constituting the power generation element is set to be large in order to increase the capacity, heat generation during high output driving increases, cycle life is shortened, and initial discharge The voltage drop at is likely to be large. On the other hand, if the thickness of the electrode plate constituting the power generation element is set small in order to reduce the internal resistance so as to be suitable for high output driving, the battery capacity is likely to decrease.
本発明は、上記課題に鑑み、複数の二次電池を並列に接続したパック電池において、高容量で且つ高出力特性の優れたものを得ることを目的とする。
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a battery pack in which a plurality of secondary batteries are connected in parallel with high capacity and excellent high output characteristics.
上記目的を達成するため、本発明に係る電池パックは、第１電池グループ及び第２電池グループが並列接続された電池群を備え、第１電池グループ及び第２電池グループを、同じ種類の二次電池で構成し、第１電池グループに属する二次電池と比べて、第２電池グループに属する二次電池を、平均動作電圧が高く且つ内部抵抗が小さくなるように設定した。
In order to achieve the above object, a battery pack according to the present invention includes a battery group in which a first battery group and a second battery group are connected in parallel, and the first battery group and the second battery group are secondary batteries of the same type. Compared with the secondary battery which consists of a battery and belongs to a 1st battery group, the secondary battery which belongs to a 2nd battery group was set so that an average operating voltage might be high and internal resistance might become small.
一般的に二次電池は、発電素体の種類によって、リチウムイオン電池（リチウムポリマー電池を含む）、ニッケル水素電池、ニカド電池、鉛蓄電池といった種類に分けられているが、上記「同じ種類の二次電池」は、その種類が互いに同じである二次電池を指す。
上記本発明のパック電池において、第１電池グループに属する二次電池及び第２電池グループに属する二次電池の種類は、共にリチウムイオン電池であることが好ましく、この場合、第１電池グループに属する二次電池と比べて、第２電池グループに属する二次電池として、発電素体を構成する正極板（正極活物質）の作動電位が高いものを用いることによって、発電素体の平均動作電圧を高く設定することができる。 Generally, secondary batteries are classified into types such as lithium ion batteries (including lithium polymer batteries), nickel metal hydride batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, and lead-acid batteries depending on the type of power generation element. “Secondary battery” refers to secondary batteries of the same type.
In the battery pack of the present invention, the types of secondary batteries belonging to the first battery group and secondary batteries belonging to the second battery group are preferably both lithium ion batteries, and in this case, belong to the first battery group. Compared to the secondary battery, as the secondary battery belonging to the second battery group, the average operating voltage of the power generating element body is obtained by using a positive electrode plate (positive electrode active material) having a higher operating potential. Can be set high.
上記本発明のパック電池において、第１電池グループに属する二次電池及び第２電池グループに属する二次電池の種類は、共にリチウムイオン電池であることが好ましく、この場合、第１電池グループに属する二次電池と比べて、第２電池グループに属する二次電池として、発電素体を構成する正極板（正極活物質）の作動電位が高いものを用いることによって、発電素体の平均動作電圧を高く設定することができる。 Generally, secondary batteries are classified into types such as lithium ion batteries (including lithium polymer batteries), nickel metal hydride batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, and lead-acid batteries depending on the type of power generation element. “Secondary battery” refers to secondary batteries of the same type.
In the battery pack of the present invention, the types of secondary batteries belonging to the first battery group and secondary batteries belonging to the second battery group are preferably both lithium ion batteries, and in this case, belong to the first battery group. Compared to the secondary battery, as the secondary battery belonging to the second battery group, the average operating voltage of the power generating element body is obtained by using a positive electrode plate (positive electrode active material) having a higher operating potential. Can be set high.
上記本発明のパック電池において、第１電池グループに属する二次電池と比べて、第２電池グループに属する二次電池を、発電素体を構成する正極板と負極板の対向面積が大きくなるように設定することによって、電池の内部抵抗を小さくすることができる。
上記本発明のパック電池において、第１電池グループに属する二次電池の数と、第２電池グループに属する二次電池の数を同じにして、各グループに属する二次電池同士を直列接続することも好ましい。 In the battery pack of the present invention, the secondary battery belonging to the second battery group has a larger facing area between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate constituting the power generation element than the secondary battery belonging to the first battery group. By setting to, the internal resistance of the battery can be reduced.
In the battery pack of the present invention, the number of secondary batteries belonging to the first battery group and the number of secondary batteries belonging to the second battery group are made the same, and the secondary batteries belonging to each group are connected in series. Is also preferable.
上記本発明のパック電池において、第１電池グループに属する二次電池の数と、第２電池グループに属する二次電池の数を同じにして、各グループに属する二次電池同士を直列接続することも好ましい。 In the battery pack of the present invention, the secondary battery belonging to the second battery group has a larger facing area between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate constituting the power generation element than the secondary battery belonging to the first battery group. By setting to, the internal resistance of the battery can be reduced.
In the battery pack of the present invention, the number of secondary batteries belonging to the first battery group and the number of secondary batteries belonging to the second battery group are made the same, and the secondary batteries belonging to each group are connected in series. Is also preferable.
第１電池グループ及び第２電池グループを、電池群がブロック状になるように配列し、第１電池グループがその中央部に偏在させることも好ましい。
It is also preferable that the first battery group and the second battery group are arranged so that the battery group is in a block shape, and the first battery group is unevenly distributed in the center.
上記本発明に係るパック電池においては、第１電池グループに属する二次電池と比べて、第２電池グループに属する二次電池は、発電素体の平均動作電圧が高く且つ内部抵抗が小さいので、大電流で充放電するときに、内部抵抗の小さい第２電池グループを電流が多く流れる。従って、第１電池グループに属する二次電池と同じ二次電池だけで構成したパック電池と比べると、発熱が少ないので、サイクル寿命が向上する。
In the battery pack according to the present invention, the secondary battery belonging to the second battery group has a higher average operating voltage and lower internal resistance than the secondary battery belonging to the first battery group. When charging / discharging with a large current, a large amount of current flows through the second battery group having a small internal resistance. Accordingly, the cycle life is improved because the heat generation is less than in the case of a battery pack composed only of the same secondary batteries as the secondary batteries belonging to the first battery group.
また、二次電池を低抵抗となるように設計すると電池容量は低下しやすいので、本発明のパック電池は、第１電池グループに属する二次電池だけで構成したパック電池と比べると全体の容量が低下する傾向にあるが、第２電池グループに属する二次電池だけで構成したパック電池と比べると全体の容量を大きくできる。
また、本発明のパック電池に含まれる第２電池グループに属する二次電池は、第１電池グループに属する二次電池と比べて発電素体の平均動作電圧が高いので、第１電池グループに属する二次電池だけで構成したパック電池と比べると放電初期における電圧ドロップが抑えられる。 In addition, if the secondary battery is designed to have a low resistance, the battery capacity tends to decrease. Therefore, the battery pack according to the present invention has an overall capacity compared to a battery pack composed only of secondary batteries belonging to the first battery group. However, the overall capacity can be increased as compared with a battery pack composed only of secondary batteries belonging to the second battery group.
In addition, the secondary battery belonging to the second battery group included in the battery pack of the present invention belongs to the first battery group because the average operating voltage of the power generating element body is higher than the secondary battery belonging to the first battery group. Compared with a battery pack composed only of secondary batteries, voltage drop at the initial stage of discharge can be suppressed.
また、本発明のパック電池に含まれる第２電池グループに属する二次電池は、第１電池グループに属する二次電池と比べて発電素体の平均動作電圧が高いので、第１電池グループに属する二次電池だけで構成したパック電池と比べると放電初期における電圧ドロップが抑えられる。 In addition, if the secondary battery is designed to have a low resistance, the battery capacity tends to decrease. Therefore, the battery pack according to the present invention has an overall capacity compared to a battery pack composed only of secondary batteries belonging to the first battery group. However, the overall capacity can be increased as compared with a battery pack composed only of secondary batteries belonging to the second battery group.
In addition, the secondary battery belonging to the second battery group included in the battery pack of the present invention belongs to the first battery group because the average operating voltage of the power generating element body is higher than the secondary battery belonging to the first battery group. Compared with a battery pack composed only of secondary batteries, voltage drop at the initial stage of discharge can be suppressed.
以上のように、本発明のパック電池によれば、高容量で且つ高出力に適したものが得られ、放電初期における電圧ドロップも抑えることができる。すなわち、高出力と高容量をバランスよく得ることができる。
なお、一般的に作動電圧の違う電池を並列接続するとアンバランスによる支障が生じやすいが、本発明のパック電池では、両電池グループに用いられている二次電池の種類が同じなので、第１電池グループに属する二次電池と第２電池グループに属する二次電池の電圧差はわずかであり、並列接続しても特に支障はない。 As described above, according to the battery pack of the present invention, a battery having a high capacity and suitable for high output can be obtained, and voltage drop at the initial stage of discharge can be suppressed. That is, high output and high capacity can be obtained with a good balance.
In general, when batteries having different operating voltages are connected in parallel, troubles due to imbalance are likely to occur. However, in the battery pack according to the present invention, since the types of secondary batteries used in both battery groups are the same, the first battery is used. The voltage difference between the secondary batteries belonging to the group and the secondary batteries belonging to the second battery group is small, and there is no particular problem even if they are connected in parallel.
なお、一般的に作動電圧の違う電池を並列接続するとアンバランスによる支障が生じやすいが、本発明のパック電池では、両電池グループに用いられている二次電池の種類が同じなので、第１電池グループに属する二次電池と第２電池グループに属する二次電池の電圧差はわずかであり、並列接続しても特に支障はない。 As described above, according to the battery pack of the present invention, a battery having a high capacity and suitable for high output can be obtained, and voltage drop at the initial stage of discharge can be suppressed. That is, high output and high capacity can be obtained with a good balance.
In general, when batteries having different operating voltages are connected in parallel, troubles due to imbalance are likely to occur. However, in the battery pack according to the present invention, since the types of secondary batteries used in both battery groups are the same, the first battery is used. The voltage difference between the secondary batteries belonging to the group and the secondary batteries belonging to the second battery group is small, and there is no particular problem even if they are connected in parallel.
上記本発明のパック電池において、第１電池グループに属する二次電池及び第２電池グループに属する二次電池の種類としては、リチウムイオン電池をはじめとして、ニッケル水素電池、ニカド電池が挙げられるが、特に、リチウムイオン電池（リチウムポリマー電池を含む）を用いることによって、高エネルギー密度のパック電池を得ることができる。 この場合、第１電池グループに属する二次電池と比べて、第２電池グループに属する二次電池は、発電素体を構成する正極活物質の作動電位が高いものを用いることによって、発電素体の平均動作電圧を高くすることができる。
In the battery pack of the present invention, the secondary battery belonging to the first battery group and the secondary battery belonging to the second battery group include lithium ion batteries, nickel metal hydride batteries, and nickel-cadmium batteries. In particular, by using a lithium ion battery (including a lithium polymer battery), a pack battery having a high energy density can be obtained. In this case, as compared with the secondary battery belonging to the first battery group, the secondary battery belonging to the second battery group uses the positive electrode active material constituting the power generation element having a higher operating potential, thereby generating the power generation element body. The average operating voltage can be increased.
また、第１電池グループに属する二次電池と比べて、第２電池グループに属する二次電池を、発電素体を構成する正極板と負極板の対向面積が大きくなるよう設定することによって、電池の内部抵抗を小さくすることができる。
上記本発明のパック電池において、第１電池グループに属する二次電池の数と、第２電池グループに属する二次電池の数を同じにして、各グループに属する二次電池同士を直列接続することも、高出力を得る上で好ましい。 In addition, compared with the secondary battery belonging to the first battery group, the secondary battery belonging to the second battery group is set so that the facing area of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate constituting the power generation element body is increased. The internal resistance can be reduced.
In the battery pack of the present invention, the number of secondary batteries belonging to the first battery group and the number of secondary batteries belonging to the second battery group are made the same, and the secondary batteries belonging to each group are connected in series. Is also preferable for obtaining a high output.
上記本発明のパック電池において、第１電池グループに属する二次電池の数と、第２電池グループに属する二次電池の数を同じにして、各グループに属する二次電池同士を直列接続することも、高出力を得る上で好ましい。 In addition, compared with the secondary battery belonging to the first battery group, the secondary battery belonging to the second battery group is set so that the facing area of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate constituting the power generation element body is increased. The internal resistance can be reduced.
In the battery pack of the present invention, the number of secondary batteries belonging to the first battery group and the number of secondary batteries belonging to the second battery group are made the same, and the secondary batteries belonging to each group are connected in series. Is also preferable for obtaining a high output.
第１電池グループ及び第２電池グループは、電池群がブロック状になるように配列することがパック電池のスペース効率をよくする上で好ましいが、このとき、第１電池グループをその中央部に偏在させることによって、高出力時の電池温度上昇を抑えることができる。
The first battery group and the second battery group are preferably arranged so that the battery groups are in a block shape in order to improve the space efficiency of the battery pack. However, at this time, the first battery group is unevenly distributed in the central portion. By doing so, the battery temperature rise at the time of high output can be suppressed.
以下、本発明の構成及び作用効果について、実施形態に基づいて説明する。
図１（ａ），（ｂ）は、実施形態にかかるパック電池１，２の構成を示す図である。
パック電池１，２は、作動電圧、内部抵抗、容量などの特性が互いに異なる電池Ａと電池Ｂとを組み合わせて並列接続した電池群を備えている。
電池Ａ及び電池Ｂは、共に、リチウムイオン電池であって電池サイズも同一であるが、電池Ｂと比べて電池Ａは、発電素体の平均動作電圧が高く、且つ内部抵抗が低く設定されている。 Hereinafter, the configuration and operational effects of the present invention will be described based on embodiments.
FIGS. 1A and 1B are diagrams showing the configuration of the battery packs 1 and 2 according to the embodiment.
The battery packs 1 and 2 include a battery group in which a battery A and a battery B having different characteristics such as operating voltage, internal resistance, and capacity are combined and connected in parallel.
Both the battery A and the battery B are lithium ion batteries and have the same battery size. However, the battery A has a higher average operating voltage and a lower internal resistance than the battery B. Yes.
図１（ａ），（ｂ）は、実施形態にかかるパック電池１，２の構成を示す図である。
パック電池１，２は、作動電圧、内部抵抗、容量などの特性が互いに異なる電池Ａと電池Ｂとを組み合わせて並列接続した電池群を備えている。
電池Ａ及び電池Ｂは、共に、リチウムイオン電池であって電池サイズも同一であるが、電池Ｂと比べて電池Ａは、発電素体の平均動作電圧が高く、且つ内部抵抗が低く設定されている。 Hereinafter, the configuration and operational effects of the present invention will be described based on embodiments.
FIGS. 1A and 1B are diagrams showing the configuration of the
The
Both the battery A and the battery B are lithium ion batteries and have the same battery size. However, the battery A has a higher average operating voltage and a lower internal resistance than the battery B. Yes.
そして、パック電池１，２は、電池Ａを複数個（３個）直列に接続した電池グループ１０と、電池Ｂを複数個（３個）直列に接続した電池グループ２０とを、並列に接続してなる電池群に、保護回路３０及びコネクタ３１が接続されて構成されている。
図１（ａ）に示すパック電池１では、１つの電池グループ１０と、３つの電池グループ２０とが、並列に接続されている。一方図１（ｂ）に示すパック電池２では、３つの電池グループ１０と、１つの電池グループ２０とが、並列に接続されている。 The battery packs 1 and 2 connect abattery group 10 in which a plurality (three) of batteries A are connected in series and a battery group 20 in which a plurality (three) of batteries B are connected in series. A protection circuit 30 and a connector 31 are connected to the battery group.
In thebattery pack 1 shown in FIG. 1A, one battery group 10 and three battery groups 20 are connected in parallel. On the other hand, in the battery pack 2 shown in FIG. 1B, three battery groups 10 and one battery group 20 are connected in parallel.
図１（ａ）に示すパック電池１では、１つの電池グループ１０と、３つの電池グループ２０とが、並列に接続されている。一方図１（ｂ）に示すパック電池２では、３つの電池グループ１０と、１つの電池グループ２０とが、並列に接続されている。 The battery packs 1 and 2 connect a
In the
電池グループ１０及び電池グループ２０の配列の仕方については、電池群がブロック状となるよう配列することがスペース効率の上で好ましい。例えば、図１に示すように行列状に配列してもよいし、行列状に配列したものを複数積み重ねるように配列してもよい。
保護回路３０には、過充電、過放電、過電流などから電池を保護する回路が設けられている。 Regarding the arrangement of thebattery group 10 and the battery group 20, it is preferable in terms of space efficiency that the battery groups are arranged in a block shape. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, it may be arranged in a matrix or may be arranged so as to stack a plurality of elements arranged in a matrix.
Theprotection circuit 30 is provided with a circuit that protects the battery from overcharge, overdischarge, overcurrent, and the like.
保護回路３０には、過充電、過放電、過電流などから電池を保護する回路が設けられている。 Regarding the arrangement of the
The
コネクタ３１は、充電器或いは外部負荷と接続したり分離したりするための外部端子である。
充電器については、従来から一般的に用いられているリチウムイオン電池用の充電器を用いて充電することができる。
[電池Ａ，電池Ｂの構成の具体例]
電池Ａ：
電池Ａは、出力：５．６Ｗｈ、容量：１．５Ａｈ、ＡＣ抵抗：約１５ｍΩであって、以
下のように作製することができる。 Theconnector 31 is an external terminal for connecting to or separating from a charger or an external load.
About a charger, it can charge using the charger for lithium ion batteries generally used conventionally.
[Specific examples of configurations of battery A and battery B]
Battery A:
Battery A has an output of 5.6 Wh, a capacity of 1.5 Ah, an AC resistance of about 15 mΩ, and can be manufactured as follows.
充電器については、従来から一般的に用いられているリチウムイオン電池用の充電器を用いて充電することができる。
[電池Ａ，電池Ｂの構成の具体例]
電池Ａ：
電池Ａは、出力：５．６Ｗｈ、容量：１．５Ａｈ、ＡＣ抵抗：約１５ｍΩであって、以
下のように作製することができる。 The
About a charger, it can charge using the charger for lithium ion batteries generally used conventionally.
[Specific examples of configurations of battery A and battery B]
Battery A:
Battery A has an output of 5.6 Wh, a capacity of 1.5 Ah, an AC resistance of about 15 mΩ, and can be manufactured as follows.
正極板：ＬｉＮｉ0.33Ｃｏ0.34Ｍｎ0.33Ｏ2で表されるニッケルコバルトマンガン酸リチウムを正極活物質ａとし、スピネル型マンガン酸リチウム（ＬｉＭｎ2Ｏ4）を正極活物質ｂとした。
正極活物質ａと正極活物質ｂとを、質量比率が正極活物質ａ：正極活物質ｂ＝８０：２０となるように混合して、正極活物質とした。 Positive electrode plate: Nickel cobalt lithium manganate represented by LiNi 0.33 Co 0.34 Mn 0.33 O 2 was used as the positive electrode active material a, and spinel type lithium manganate (LiMn 2 O 4 ) was used as the positive electrode active material b.
The positive electrode active material a and the positive electrode active material b were mixed so that the mass ratio was positive electrode active material a: positive electrode active material b = 80: 20 to obtain a positive electrode active material.
正極活物質ａと正極活物質ｂとを、質量比率が正極活物質ａ：正極活物質ｂ＝８０：２０となるように混合して、正極活物質とした。 Positive electrode plate: Nickel cobalt lithium manganate represented by LiNi 0.33 Co 0.34 Mn 0.33 O 2 was used as the positive electrode active material a, and spinel type lithium manganate (LiMn 2 O 4 ) was used as the positive electrode active material b.
The positive electrode active material a and the positive electrode active material b were mixed so that the mass ratio was positive electrode active material a: positive electrode active material b = 80: 20 to obtain a positive electrode active material.
正極活物質が９４重量部、導電剤としての炭素粉末が３重量部、結着剤としてのポリフッ化ビニリデン（ＰＶｄＦ）粉末が３重量部となるよう混合し、これをＮ－メチルピロリドン（ＮＭＰ）溶液と混合して正極合剤スラリーを調製した。
このスラリーを厚さ１５μｍのアルミニウム製の正極芯体の両面にドクターブレード法により塗布し、その後圧縮ローラーを用いて圧縮することで、正極板を作製した。 94 parts by weight of the positive electrode active material, 3 parts by weight of carbon powder as a conductive agent, and 3 parts by weight of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) powder as a binder were mixed, and this was mixed with N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). A positive electrode mixture slurry was prepared by mixing with the solution.
This slurry was applied to both surfaces of an aluminum positive electrode core having a thickness of 15 μm by a doctor blade method, and then compressed using a compression roller to prepare a positive electrode plate.
このスラリーを厚さ１５μｍのアルミニウム製の正極芯体の両面にドクターブレード法により塗布し、その後圧縮ローラーを用いて圧縮することで、正極板を作製した。 94 parts by weight of the positive electrode active material, 3 parts by weight of carbon powder as a conductive agent, and 3 parts by weight of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) powder as a binder were mixed, and this was mixed with N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). A positive electrode mixture slurry was prepared by mixing with the solution.
This slurry was applied to both surfaces of an aluminum positive electrode core having a thickness of 15 μm by a doctor blade method, and then compressed using a compression roller to prepare a positive electrode plate.
正極板の厚みは約９０μｍとした。
負極板：負極活物質としての黒鉛９７．５質量部と、増粘剤としてのカルボキシメチルセルロース（ＣＭＣ）１．０質量部と、結着剤としてのスチレンブタジエンゴム（ＳＢＲ）１．５質量部と、適量の水とを混合して、負極合剤スラリーを調製した。
このスラリーを厚さ１０μｍの銅製の負極芯体の両面にドクターブレード法により塗布し、その後、乾燥機中を通過させて乾燥することにより、負極芯体の両面に負極活物質層を形成した。次いで圧縮ローラーを用いて圧縮することによって負極板を作成した。 The thickness of the positive electrode plate was about 90 μm.
Negative electrode plate: 97.5 parts by mass of graphite as a negative electrode active material, 1.0 part by mass of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a thickener, and 1.5 parts by mass of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) as a binder An appropriate amount of water was mixed to prepare a negative electrode mixture slurry.
The slurry was applied to both surfaces of a copper negative electrode core having a thickness of 10 μm by a doctor blade method, and then passed through a dryer to dry, thereby forming a negative electrode active material layer on both surfaces of the negative electrode core. Subsequently, the negative electrode plate was created by compressing using a compression roller.
負極板：負極活物質としての黒鉛９７．５質量部と、増粘剤としてのカルボキシメチルセルロース（ＣＭＣ）１．０質量部と、結着剤としてのスチレンブタジエンゴム（ＳＢＲ）１．５質量部と、適量の水とを混合して、負極合剤スラリーを調製した。
このスラリーを厚さ１０μｍの銅製の負極芯体の両面にドクターブレード法により塗布し、その後、乾燥機中を通過させて乾燥することにより、負極芯体の両面に負極活物質層を形成した。次いで圧縮ローラーを用いて圧縮することによって負極板を作成した。 The thickness of the positive electrode plate was about 90 μm.
Negative electrode plate: 97.5 parts by mass of graphite as a negative electrode active material, 1.0 part by mass of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a thickener, and 1.5 parts by mass of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) as a binder An appropriate amount of water was mixed to prepare a negative electrode mixture slurry.
The slurry was applied to both surfaces of a copper negative electrode core having a thickness of 10 μm by a doctor blade method, and then passed through a dryer to dry, thereby forming a negative electrode active material layer on both surfaces of the negative electrode core. Subsequently, the negative electrode plate was created by compressing using a compression roller.
負極板の厚みは、約８０μｍとした。
非水電解液：エチレンカーボネート（ＥＣ）、ジエチルカーボネート（ＤＥＣ）、メチルエチルカーボネート（ＭＥＣ）を、体積比で３５：２０：４５（２５℃）となるように混合した混合溶媒に、ビニレンカーボネート（ＶＣ）を３．０質量％となるように添加し、さらに、電解質塩としてヘキサフルオロリン酸リチウム（ＬｉＰＦ6）を１ｍｏｌ／Ｌとなるように溶解させて、非水電解液とした。 The thickness of the negative electrode plate was about 80 μm.
Non-aqueous electrolyte: Ethylene carbonate (EC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), and methyl ethyl carbonate (MEC) were mixed in a solvent mixture so that the volume ratio was 35:20:45 (25 ° C.). VC) was added to 3.0% by mass, and lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ) as an electrolyte salt was dissolved to 1 mol / L to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte.
非水電解液：エチレンカーボネート（ＥＣ）、ジエチルカーボネート（ＤＥＣ）、メチルエチルカーボネート（ＭＥＣ）を、体積比で３５：２０：４５（２５℃）となるように混合した混合溶媒に、ビニレンカーボネート（ＶＣ）を３．０質量％となるように添加し、さらに、電解質塩としてヘキサフルオロリン酸リチウム（ＬｉＰＦ6）を１ｍｏｌ／Ｌとなるように溶解させて、非水電解液とした。 The thickness of the negative electrode plate was about 80 μm.
Non-aqueous electrolyte: Ethylene carbonate (EC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), and methyl ethyl carbonate (MEC) were mixed in a solvent mixture so that the volume ratio was 35:20:45 (25 ° C.). VC) was added to 3.0% by mass, and lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ) as an electrolyte salt was dissolved to 1 mol / L to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte.
電池の作製：上記のようにして得られた正極板及び負極板を、ポリプロピレン製微多孔膜からなるセパレータを介して巻回して巻回電極体を作製し、円筒形の電池外装缶内に巻回電極体と上記の非水電解液を封入して、円筒形非水電解質二次電池を作製した。
円筒形非水電解質二次電池のサイズは、高さ６５ｍｍ、直径１８ｍｍであり、設計容量は１５００ｍＡｈであり、正負極板の対向面サイズは、長さ約７９０ｍｍ×幅約５６ｍｍ ＝ 約４４２ｃｍ2である。 Production of battery: The positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate obtained as described above are wound through a separator made of a polypropylene microporous film to produce a wound electrode body, which is then wound in a cylindrical battery outer can. A cylindrical electrode and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery were produced by enclosing the electrode assembly and the non-aqueous electrolyte.
The size of the cylindrical non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is 65 mm in height and 18 mm in diameter, the design capacity is 1500 mAh, and the opposing surface size of the positive and negative electrode plates is about 790 mm long × about 56 mm wide = about 442 cm 2 . is there.
円筒形非水電解質二次電池のサイズは、高さ６５ｍｍ、直径１８ｍｍであり、設計容量は１５００ｍＡｈであり、正負極板の対向面サイズは、長さ約７９０ｍｍ×幅約５６ｍｍ ＝ 約４４２ｃｍ2である。 Production of battery: The positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate obtained as described above are wound through a separator made of a polypropylene microporous film to produce a wound electrode body, which is then wound in a cylindrical battery outer can. A cylindrical electrode and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery were produced by enclosing the electrode assembly and the non-aqueous electrolyte.
The size of the cylindrical non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is 65 mm in height and 18 mm in diameter, the design capacity is 1500 mAh, and the opposing surface size of the positive and negative electrode plates is about 790 mm long × about 56 mm wide = about 442 cm 2 . is there.
電池Ｂ：
電池Ｂは、出力：９．８Ｗｈ、容量：２．６５Ａｈ、ＡＣ抵抗：約４０ｍΩであって、
以下のように作製できる。
正極板：ＬｉＮｉ0.33Ｃｏ0.34Ｍｎ0.33Ｏ2で表されるニッケルコバルトマンガン酸リチウムを正極活物質ａとし、コバルト酸リチウム（ＬｉＣｏＯ2）を正極活物質ｃとした。 Battery B:
Battery B has an output of 9.8 Wh, a capacity of 2.65 Ah, an AC resistance of about 40 mΩ,
It can be produced as follows.
Positive electrode plate: Nickel cobalt lithium manganate represented by LiNi 0.33 Co 0.34 Mn 0.33 O 2 was used as the positive electrode active material a, and lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2 ) was used as the positive electrode active material c.
電池Ｂは、出力：９．８Ｗｈ、容量：２．６５Ａｈ、ＡＣ抵抗：約４０ｍΩであって、
以下のように作製できる。
正極板：ＬｉＮｉ0.33Ｃｏ0.34Ｍｎ0.33Ｏ2で表されるニッケルコバルトマンガン酸リチウムを正極活物質ａとし、コバルト酸リチウム（ＬｉＣｏＯ2）を正極活物質ｃとした。 Battery B:
Battery B has an output of 9.8 Wh, a capacity of 2.65 Ah, an AC resistance of about 40 mΩ,
It can be produced as follows.
Positive electrode plate: Nickel cobalt lithium manganate represented by LiNi 0.33 Co 0.34 Mn 0.33 O 2 was used as the positive electrode active material a, and lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2 ) was used as the positive electrode active material c.
正極活物質ａと正極活物質ｃとを、質量比率が正極活物質ａ：正極活物質ｃ＝１０：９０となるように混合して、正極活物質とした。
正極活物質が９４重量部、導電剤としての炭素粉末が３重量部、結着剤としてのポリフッ化ビニリデン（ＰＶｄＦ）粉末が３重量部となるよう混合し、これをＮ－メチルピロリドン（ＮＭＰ）溶液と混合して正極合剤スラリーを調製した。 The positive electrode active material a and the positive electrode active material c were mixed so that the mass ratio was positive electrode active material a: positive electrode active material c = 10: 90, to obtain a positive electrode active material.
94 parts by weight of the positive electrode active material, 3 parts by weight of carbon powder as a conductive agent, and 3 parts by weight of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) powder as a binder were mixed, and this was mixed with N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). A positive electrode mixture slurry was prepared by mixing with the solution.
正極活物質が９４重量部、導電剤としての炭素粉末が３重量部、結着剤としてのポリフッ化ビニリデン（ＰＶｄＦ）粉末が３重量部となるよう混合し、これをＮ－メチルピロリドン（ＮＭＰ）溶液と混合して正極合剤スラリーを調製した。 The positive electrode active material a and the positive electrode active material c were mixed so that the mass ratio was positive electrode active material a: positive electrode active material c = 10: 90, to obtain a positive electrode active material.
94 parts by weight of the positive electrode active material, 3 parts by weight of carbon powder as a conductive agent, and 3 parts by weight of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) powder as a binder were mixed, and this was mixed with N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). A positive electrode mixture slurry was prepared by mixing with the solution.
このスラリーを厚さ２０μｍのアルミニウム製の正極芯体の両面にドクターブレード法で塗布し、その後圧縮ローラーで圧縮することにより、正極板を作製した。
正極板厚みは約１４５μｍとした。
負極板：負極活物質としての黒鉛９５質量部と、増粘剤としてのカルボキシメチルセルロース（ＣＭＣ）２質量部と、結着剤としてのスチレンブタジエンゴム（ＳＢＲ）３質量部と、適量の水とを混合して負極合剤スラリーを調製した。 The slurry was applied to both surfaces of an aluminum positive electrode core having a thickness of 20 μm by a doctor blade method, and then compressed by a compression roller to prepare a positive electrode plate.
The thickness of the positive electrode plate was about 145 μm.
Negative electrode plate: 95 parts by mass of graphite as a negative electrode active material, 2 parts by mass of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a thickener, 3 parts by mass of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) as a binder, and an appropriate amount of water The negative electrode mixture slurry was prepared by mixing.
正極板厚みは約１４５μｍとした。
負極板：負極活物質としての黒鉛９５質量部と、増粘剤としてのカルボキシメチルセルロース（ＣＭＣ）２質量部と、結着剤としてのスチレンブタジエンゴム（ＳＢＲ）３質量部と、適量の水とを混合して負極合剤スラリーを調製した。 The slurry was applied to both surfaces of an aluminum positive electrode core having a thickness of 20 μm by a doctor blade method, and then compressed by a compression roller to prepare a positive electrode plate.
The thickness of the positive electrode plate was about 145 μm.
Negative electrode plate: 95 parts by mass of graphite as a negative electrode active material, 2 parts by mass of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a thickener, 3 parts by mass of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) as a binder, and an appropriate amount of water The negative electrode mixture slurry was prepared by mixing.
このスラリーを、厚さ１２μｍの銅製の負極芯体の両面にドクターブレード法で塗布し、その後、乾燥機中を通過させて乾燥することにより、負極芯体の両面に負極活物質層を形成した。次いで圧縮ローラーを用いて圧縮することによって負極板を作成した。
負極板の厚みは約１５０μｍとした。
非水電解液：フルオロエチレンカーボネート（ＦＥＣ）、プロピレンカーボネート（ＰＣ）、メチルエチルカーボネート（ＭＥＣ）とを、体積比で２０：５：７５（２５℃）となるように混合した混合溶媒に、ビニレンカーボネート（ＶＣ）を０．５質量％となるように添加し、さらに、電解質塩としてヘキサフルオロリン酸リチウム（ＬｉＰＦ6）を、１ｍｏｌ／Ｌとなるように溶解させて、非水電解液とした。 The slurry was applied to both surfaces of a copper negative electrode core having a thickness of 12 μm by a doctor blade method, and then passed through a dryer to dry, thereby forming a negative electrode active material layer on both surfaces of the negative electrode core. . Subsequently, the negative electrode plate was created by compressing using a compression roller.
The thickness of the negative electrode plate was about 150 μm.
Non-aqueous electrolyte: vinylene is mixed into a mixed solvent in which fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), propylene carbonate (PC), and methyl ethyl carbonate (MEC) are mixed at a volume ratio of 20: 5: 75 (25 ° C.). Carbonate (VC) was added to 0.5% by mass, and lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ) as an electrolyte salt was dissolved to 1 mol / L to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution. .
負極板の厚みは約１５０μｍとした。
非水電解液：フルオロエチレンカーボネート（ＦＥＣ）、プロピレンカーボネート（ＰＣ）、メチルエチルカーボネート（ＭＥＣ）とを、体積比で２０：５：７５（２５℃）となるように混合した混合溶媒に、ビニレンカーボネート（ＶＣ）を０．５質量％となるように添加し、さらに、電解質塩としてヘキサフルオロリン酸リチウム（ＬｉＰＦ6）を、１ｍｏｌ／Ｌとなるように溶解させて、非水電解液とした。 The slurry was applied to both surfaces of a copper negative electrode core having a thickness of 12 μm by a doctor blade method, and then passed through a dryer to dry, thereby forming a negative electrode active material layer on both surfaces of the negative electrode core. . Subsequently, the negative electrode plate was created by compressing using a compression roller.
The thickness of the negative electrode plate was about 150 μm.
Non-aqueous electrolyte: vinylene is mixed into a mixed solvent in which fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), propylene carbonate (PC), and methyl ethyl carbonate (MEC) are mixed at a volume ratio of 20: 5: 75 (25 ° C.). Carbonate (VC) was added to 0.5% by mass, and lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ) as an electrolyte salt was dissolved to 1 mol / L to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution. .
電池の作製：上記のようにして得られた正極板及び負極板を、ポリプロピレン製微多孔膜からなるセパレータを介して巻回して巻回電極体を作製し、円筒形の電池外装缶内に巻回電極体と上記の非水電解液を封入して、円筒形非水電解質二次電池を作製した。
得られた円筒形非水電解質二次電池のサイズは、高さ６５ｍｍ、直径１８ｍｍであり、設計容量は２６５０ｍＡｈであり、正負極板の対向面サイズは、長さ約６３０ｍｍ×幅約５７ｍｍ＝ 約３６０ｃｍ2である。 Production of battery: The positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate obtained as described above are wound through a separator made of a polypropylene microporous film to produce a wound electrode body, which is then wound in a cylindrical battery outer can. A cylindrical electrode and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery were produced by enclosing the electrode assembly and the non-aqueous electrolyte.
The obtained cylindrical non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery has a height of 65 mm, a diameter of 18 mm, a design capacity of 2650 mAh, and the size of the facing surface of the positive and negative plates is about 630 mm long × about 57 mm wide = about 360 cm 2 .
得られた円筒形非水電解質二次電池のサイズは、高さ６５ｍｍ、直径１８ｍｍであり、設計容量は２６５０ｍＡｈであり、正負極板の対向面サイズは、長さ約６３０ｍｍ×幅約５７ｍｍ＝ 約３６０ｃｍ2である。 Production of battery: The positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate obtained as described above are wound through a separator made of a polypropylene microporous film to produce a wound electrode body, which is then wound in a cylindrical battery outer can. A cylindrical electrode and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery were produced by enclosing the electrode assembly and the non-aqueous electrolyte.
The obtained cylindrical non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery has a height of 65 mm, a diameter of 18 mm, a design capacity of 2650 mAh, and the size of the facing surface of the positive and negative plates is about 630 mm long × about 57 mm wide = about 360 cm 2 .
以上のように、電池Ａと電池Ｂは、サイズは同じであるが、電池Ａは電池Ｂと比べて、正負極板が薄長であり、正負極の対向面積が大きく設定されている。それに伴って、電池Ａの内部抵抗（ＡＣ抵抗約１５ｍΩ）が、電池Ｂの内部抵抗（ＡＣ抵抗約４０ｍΩ）よりも小さくなっている。
また、各電池の平均動作電圧（Ｖ）を、出力（Ｗｈ）／容量（Ａｈ）で計算すると、電池Ａの平均動作電圧（５．６÷１．５＝３．７３Ｖ）の方が、電池Ｂの平均動作電圧（９．８÷２．６５＝３．７０Ｖ）よりも高い。 As described above, the battery A and the battery B have the same size, but the battery A has a thin positive and negative plate compared to the battery B, and the facing area of the positive and negative electrodes is set larger. Accordingly, the internal resistance of battery A (AC resistance of about 15 mΩ) is smaller than the internal resistance of battery B (AC resistance of about 40 mΩ).
Further, when the average operating voltage (V) of each battery is calculated by output (Wh) / capacity (Ah), the average operating voltage of battery A (5.6 ÷ 1.5 = 3.73 V) It is higher than the average operating voltage of B (9.8 ÷ 2.65 = 3.70V).
また、各電池の平均動作電圧（Ｖ）を、出力（Ｗｈ）／容量（Ａｈ）で計算すると、電池Ａの平均動作電圧（５．６÷１．５＝３．７３Ｖ）の方が、電池Ｂの平均動作電圧（９．８÷２．６５＝３．７０Ｖ）よりも高い。 As described above, the battery A and the battery B have the same size, but the battery A has a thin positive and negative plate compared to the battery B, and the facing area of the positive and negative electrodes is set larger. Accordingly, the internal resistance of battery A (AC resistance of about 15 mΩ) is smaller than the internal resistance of battery B (AC resistance of about 40 mΩ).
Further, when the average operating voltage (V) of each battery is calculated by output (Wh) / capacity (Ah), the average operating voltage of battery A (5.6 ÷ 1.5 = 3.73 V) It is higher than the average operating voltage of B (9.8 ÷ 2.65 = 3.70V).
これは、主に、電池Ａの正極板に用いられている正極活物質の作動電位が、電池Ｂの正極板に用いられている正極活物質の作動電位よりも高いためである。
なお、上記の例では、電池Ａの正極活物質として、ニッケルコバルトマンガン酸リチウムと、スピネル型マンガン酸リチウムとを組み合わせて用い、電池Ｂの正極活物質として、ニッケルコバルトマンガン酸リチウムとコバルト酸リチウムとを組み合わせて用いたが、この他にＬｉＮｉＯ2なども組み合わせて用いてもよく、一般にリチウムイオン電池に用いられている正極活物質から選択して組み合わせて用いることができる。 This is mainly because the operating potential of the positive electrode active material used for the positive electrode plate of the battery A is higher than the operating potential of the positive electrode active material used for the positive electrode plate of the battery B.
In the above example, nickel cobalt lithium manganate and spinel type lithium manganate are used in combination as the positive electrode active material of battery A, and nickel cobalt lithium manganate and lithium cobalt oxide are used as the positive electrode active material of battery B. In addition to this, LiNiO 2 or the like may also be used in combination, and a positive electrode active material generally used in lithium ion batteries can be selected and used in combination.
なお、上記の例では、電池Ａの正極活物質として、ニッケルコバルトマンガン酸リチウムと、スピネル型マンガン酸リチウムとを組み合わせて用い、電池Ｂの正極活物質として、ニッケルコバルトマンガン酸リチウムとコバルト酸リチウムとを組み合わせて用いたが、この他にＬｉＮｉＯ2なども組み合わせて用いてもよく、一般にリチウムイオン電池に用いられている正極活物質から選択して組み合わせて用いることができる。 This is mainly because the operating potential of the positive electrode active material used for the positive electrode plate of the battery A is higher than the operating potential of the positive electrode active material used for the positive electrode plate of the battery B.
In the above example, nickel cobalt lithium manganate and spinel type lithium manganate are used in combination as the positive electrode active material of battery A, and nickel cobalt lithium manganate and lithium cobalt oxide are used as the positive electrode active material of battery B. In addition to this, LiNiO 2 or the like may also be used in combination, and a positive electrode active material generally used in lithium ion batteries can be selected and used in combination.
[パック電池１，２による効果]
上記のパック電池１，２において、電池グループ２０に属する電池Ｂと比べて、電池グループ１０に属する電池Ａは、内部抵抗が小さいので、電池グループ１０の割合が多くなるにつれてパック電池の内部抵抗は小さくなる。従って、パック電池の電池群を電池Ｂだけで構成した場合と比べると、パック電池１，２は、高出力時における発熱が少なくなり、サイクル寿命が向上する。 [Effects ofbattery packs 1 and 2]
In the battery packs 1 and 2 described above, the battery A belonging to thebattery group 10 has a smaller internal resistance than the battery B belonging to the battery group 20, so that the internal resistance of the battery pack increases as the proportion of the battery group 10 increases. Get smaller. Therefore, as compared with the case where the battery group of the battery pack is composed of only the battery B, the battery packs 1 and 2 generate less heat at the time of high output and the cycle life is improved.
上記のパック電池１，２において、電池グループ２０に属する電池Ｂと比べて、電池グループ１０に属する電池Ａは、内部抵抗が小さいので、電池グループ１０の割合が多くなるにつれてパック電池の内部抵抗は小さくなる。従って、パック電池の電池群を電池Ｂだけで構成した場合と比べると、パック電池１，２は、高出力時における発熱が少なくなり、サイクル寿命が向上する。 [Effects of
In the battery packs 1 and 2 described above, the battery A belonging to the
一方、電池Ａは電池Ｂと比べて電池容量が小さいので、電池Ｂからなる電池グループ２０を４つ並列接続した場合と比べると、パック電池１，２の容量は小さいが、パック電池の電池群を電池Ａからなる電池グループ１０を４つ並列接続した場合と比べると、パック電池１，２の容量は大きくなる。
また、電池Ｂからなる電池グループ２０だけを並列接続したパック電池においては、低温下にて大電流で放電したときに放電初期における電圧ドロップが生じやすいが、パック電池１，２においては、電池Ｂよりも平均動作電圧が高い電池Ａからなる電池グループ１０が並列接続されているので、放電初期における電圧ドロップが抑えられる。 On the other hand, since the battery A has a smaller battery capacity than the battery B, the capacity of the battery packs 1 and 2 is small compared to the case where the fourbattery groups 20 composed of the batteries B are connected in parallel. The capacity of the battery packs 1 and 2 is larger than when four battery groups 10 each including the battery A are connected in parallel.
Further, in the battery pack in which only thebattery group 20 composed of the battery B is connected in parallel, a voltage drop at the initial stage of discharge is likely to occur when discharged with a large current at a low temperature. Since the battery group 10 composed of the batteries A having a higher average operating voltage is connected in parallel, voltage drop at the initial stage of discharge can be suppressed.
また、電池Ｂからなる電池グループ２０だけを並列接続したパック電池においては、低温下にて大電流で放電したときに放電初期における電圧ドロップが生じやすいが、パック電池１，２においては、電池Ｂよりも平均動作電圧が高い電池Ａからなる電池グループ１０が並列接続されているので、放電初期における電圧ドロップが抑えられる。 On the other hand, since the battery A has a smaller battery capacity than the battery B, the capacity of the battery packs 1 and 2 is small compared to the case where the four
Further, in the battery pack in which only the
以上のように、パック電池１，２によれば、高容量で且つ高出力に適したものとし、放電初期における電圧ドロップも抑えることができる。
次に、パック電池１とパック電池２とを比べると、パック電池１では電池Ａで構成された電池グループ１０の数と電池Ｂで構成された電池グループ２０の数の比率が１：３であり、パック電池２では電池グループ１０の数と電池グループ２０の数の比率が３：１である。従って、電池容量についてはパック電池２よりパック電池１の方が大きくなり、高出力特性についてはパック電池１よりパック電池２の方が高くなる。 As described above, according to the battery packs 1 and 2, it is suitable for high capacity and high output, and voltage drop at the initial stage of discharge can be suppressed.
Next, when thebattery pack 1 and the battery pack 2 are compared, in the battery pack 1, the ratio of the number of battery groups 10 composed of the battery A and the number of battery groups 20 composed of the battery B is 1: 3. In the battery pack 2, the ratio of the number of battery groups 10 to the number of battery groups 20 is 3: 1. Accordingly, the battery pack 1 is larger than the battery pack 2 in terms of battery capacity, and the battery pack 2 is higher than the battery pack 1 in terms of high output characteristics.
次に、パック電池１とパック電池２とを比べると、パック電池１では電池Ａで構成された電池グループ１０の数と電池Ｂで構成された電池グループ２０の数の比率が１：３であり、パック電池２では電池グループ１０の数と電池グループ２０の数の比率が３：１である。従って、電池容量についてはパック電池２よりパック電池１の方が大きくなり、高出力特性についてはパック電池１よりパック電池２の方が高くなる。 As described above, according to the battery packs 1 and 2, it is suitable for high capacity and high output, and voltage drop at the initial stage of discharge can be suppressed.
Next, when the
このように、並列に接続する電池グループ１０の数と電池グループ２０の数の比率を変えることによって、電池容量と高出力特性とのいずれに重点を置くかを調整することもできる。
なお、一般的に、電圧などの特性が異なる電池を並列に接続すると、アンバランスによる支障が生じやすいと考えられているが、パック電池１，２では、用いられている電池Ａの電圧と電池Ｂの電圧は差がわずかであって、特に支障はない。 In this way, by changing the ratio of the number ofbattery groups 10 and the number of battery groups 20 connected in parallel, it is possible to adjust which of the battery capacity and the high output characteristic is to be emphasized.
In general, it is considered that when batteries having different characteristics such as voltage are connected in parallel, trouble due to imbalance is likely to occur. However, in the pack batteries 1 and 2, the voltage of the battery A used and the battery The difference in the voltage of B is slight and there is no particular problem.
なお、一般的に、電圧などの特性が異なる電池を並列に接続すると、アンバランスによる支障が生じやすいと考えられているが、パック電池１，２では、用いられている電池Ａの電圧と電池Ｂの電圧は差がわずかであって、特に支障はない。 In this way, by changing the ratio of the number of
In general, it is considered that when batteries having different characteristics such as voltage are connected in parallel, trouble due to imbalance is likely to occur. However, in the
電池Ａ及び電池Ｂを用いて、４本の電池を並べて配置し、互いに並列に接続して、実施例及び比較例にかかるパック電池を構成した。そして、各パック電池について充放電試験などを行った。
図２（ａ）～（ｄ）は、実施例１，２及び比較例１，２にかかるパック電池を示す図である。 Using the battery A and the battery B, four batteries were arranged side by side and connected in parallel to each other to form a battery pack according to the example and the comparative example. Then, a charge / discharge test and the like were performed for each pack battery.
FIGS. 2A to 2D are diagrams showing pack batteries according to Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2. FIG.
図２（ａ）～（ｄ）は、実施例１，２及び比較例１，２にかかるパック電池を示す図である。 Using the battery A and the battery B, four batteries were arranged side by side and connected in parallel to each other to form a battery pack according to the example and the comparative example. Then, a charge / discharge test and the like were performed for each pack battery.
FIGS. 2A to 2D are diagrams showing pack batteries according to Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2. FIG.
（ａ）の実施例１及び（ｂ）の実施例２は、いずれも３個の電池Ｂと１個の電池Ａを配列して並列に接続したものであるが、実施例１では電池Ａを端の位置に配置し、実施例２では電池Ａを中央位置に配置している。
一方、（ｃ）の比較例１は電池Ｂを４個配列して並列に接続したもの、（ｄ）の比較例２は電池Ａを４個配列して並列に接続したものである。 In Example 1 of (a) and Example 2 of (b), both three batteries B and one battery A are arranged and connected in parallel. In the second embodiment, the battery A is disposed at the center position.
On the other hand, Comparative Example 1 in (c) is one in which four batteries B are arranged and connected in parallel, and Comparative Example 2 in (d) is one in which four batteries A are arranged and connected in parallel.
一方、（ｃ）の比較例１は電池Ｂを４個配列して並列に接続したもの、（ｄ）の比較例２は電池Ａを４個配列して並列に接続したものである。 In Example 1 of (a) and Example 2 of (b), both three batteries B and one battery A are arranged and connected in parallel. In the second embodiment, the battery A is disposed at the center position.
On the other hand, Comparative Example 1 in (c) is one in which four batteries B are arranged and connected in parallel, and Comparative Example 2 in (d) is one in which four batteries A are arranged and connected in parallel.
実施例１，２と比較例１，２とで、パック電池の内部抵抗及び容量を比較すると、比較例１、実施例１，２、比較例２の順に、内部抵抗は小さくなり、容量は大きくなる。
電池Ａの内部抵抗１５ｍΩ、容量１．５Ａｈ、電池Ｂの内部抵抗４０ｍΩ、２．６５Ａｈ、パック電池に流れる電流を１０Ａとして計算すると、実施例１，２、比較例１，２の内部抵抗、内部抵抗損失、容量は、表１に示す通りである。 When the internal resistance and capacity of the battery pack are compared in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the internal resistance decreases and the capacity increases in the order of Comparative Example 1, Examples 1, 2 and Comparative Example 2. Become.
Assuming that the internal resistance of the battery A is 15 mΩ, the capacity is 1.5 Ah, the internal resistance of the battery B is 40 mΩ, 2.65 Ah, and the current flowing through the battery pack is 10 A, the internal resistances of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 The resistance loss and capacity are as shown in Table 1.
電池Ａの内部抵抗１５ｍΩ、容量１．５Ａｈ、電池Ｂの内部抵抗４０ｍΩ、２．６５Ａｈ、パック電池に流れる電流を１０Ａとして計算すると、実施例１，２、比較例１，２の内部抵抗、内部抵抗損失、容量は、表１に示す通りである。 When the internal resistance and capacity of the battery pack are compared in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the internal resistance decreases and the capacity increases in the order of Comparative Example 1, Examples 1, 2 and Comparative Example 2. Become.
Assuming that the internal resistance of the battery A is 15 mΩ, the capacity is 1.5 Ah, the internal resistance of the battery B is 40 mΩ, 2.65 Ah, and the current flowing through the battery pack is 10 A, the internal resistances of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 The resistance loss and capacity are as shown in Table 1.
（実験１）高電流放電試験
実施例１、比較例１，２のパック電池について、高電流で放電試験を行った。
充電は、２５℃、４．２Ｖで一定の電流（０．５Ｃ）で行い、充電電流が１／５０Ｃまで低下した時点で充電を停止した。
放電は、－１０℃，０℃，１０℃，４０℃の各温度の環境下で、一定の電流（１０Ａ）で行い、電圧が２．７５Ｖまで低下したときに放電を停止した。そしてこの放電時における電圧の変化を測定した。 (Experiment 1) High Current Discharge Test For the battery packs of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, a discharge test was conducted at a high current.
Charging was performed at 25 ° C. and 4.2 V with a constant current (0.5 C), and charging was stopped when the charging current decreased to 1/50 C.
Discharging was performed at a constant current (10 A) under the respective temperatures of −10 ° C., 0 ° C., 10 ° C., and 40 ° C., and discharging was stopped when the voltage dropped to 2.75V. And the change of the voltage at the time of this discharge was measured.
実施例１、比較例１，２のパック電池について、高電流で放電試験を行った。
充電は、２５℃、４．２Ｖで一定の電流（０．５Ｃ）で行い、充電電流が１／５０Ｃまで低下した時点で充電を停止した。
放電は、－１０℃，０℃，１０℃，４０℃の各温度の環境下で、一定の電流（１０Ａ）で行い、電圧が２．７５Ｖまで低下したときに放電を停止した。そしてこの放電時における電圧の変化を測定した。 (Experiment 1) High Current Discharge Test For the battery packs of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, a discharge test was conducted at a high current.
Charging was performed at 25 ° C. and 4.2 V with a constant current (0.5 C), and charging was stopped when the charging current decreased to 1/50 C.
Discharging was performed at a constant current (10 A) under the respective temperatures of −10 ° C., 0 ° C., 10 ° C., and 40 ° C., and discharging was stopped when the voltage dropped to 2.75V. And the change of the voltage at the time of this discharge was measured.
図３は、実施例１及び比較例１，２について、放電時における放電量と電圧との関係を示す特性図であって、－１０℃の低温で放電したときのものである。
図３に示される放電曲線の形状において、比較例１では、放電量が少ないとき、すなわち放電初期において電圧ドロップが見られる。このように電圧ドロップが生じると、保護回路３０が誤動作する原因にもなり得るが、実施例１，比較例２では、放電初期における電圧ドロップは見られず、電圧は漸次低下している。 FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the discharge amount and the voltage at the time of discharge in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, when discharging at a low temperature of −10 ° C.
In the shape of the discharge curve shown in FIG. 3, in Comparative Example 1, a voltage drop is observed when the discharge amount is small, that is, at the beginning of discharge. When the voltage drop occurs as described above, it may cause theprotection circuit 30 to malfunction, but in Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, no voltage drop was observed at the initial stage of discharge, and the voltage gradually decreased.
図３に示される放電曲線の形状において、比較例１では、放電量が少ないとき、すなわち放電初期において電圧ドロップが見られる。このように電圧ドロップが生じると、保護回路３０が誤動作する原因にもなり得るが、実施例１，比較例２では、放電初期における電圧ドロップは見られず、電圧は漸次低下している。 FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the discharge amount and the voltage at the time of discharge in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, when discharging at a low temperature of −10 ° C.
In the shape of the discharge curve shown in FIG. 3, in Comparative Example 1, a voltage drop is observed when the discharge amount is small, that is, at the beginning of discharge. When the voltage drop occurs as described above, it may cause the
一方、パック電池の放電容量については、実施例１は、比較例１よりも劣るが、比較例２よりも優れていることが、図３からもわかる。
（実験２）高電流放電時の温度測定
実施例１及び比較例１について、上記のように充放電を行いながら、電池温度の変化を測定した。電池温度の測定については、図２（ａ），（ｂ）に示すように４つの各電池の温度ｔ1，ｔ2，ｔ3，ｔ4を測定した。 On the other hand, with respect to the discharge capacity of the battery pack, Example 1 is inferior to Comparative Example 1, but it can also be seen from FIG. 3 that it is superior to Comparative Example 2.
(Experiment 2) Temperature Measurement at High Current Discharge For Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the change in battery temperature was measured while charging and discharging as described above. Regarding the measurement of the battery temperature, the temperatures t1, t2, t3, and t4 of the four batteries were measured as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b).
（実験２）高電流放電時の温度測定
実施例１及び比較例１について、上記のように充放電を行いながら、電池温度の変化を測定した。電池温度の測定については、図２（ａ），（ｂ）に示すように４つの各電池の温度ｔ1，ｔ2，ｔ3，ｔ4を測定した。 On the other hand, with respect to the discharge capacity of the battery pack, Example 1 is inferior to Comparative Example 1, but it can also be seen from FIG. 3 that it is superior to Comparative Example 2.
(Experiment 2) Temperature Measurement at High Current Discharge For Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the change in battery temperature was measured while charging and discharging as described above. Regarding the measurement of the battery temperature, the temperatures t1, t2, t3, and t4 of the four batteries were measured as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b).
図４は、実施例１及び比較例１について、放電時における放電量と電圧との関係、並びに電池温度変化を示す特性図であって、－１０℃で放電したときのものである。
なお、図４に示す温度は、温度ｔ1～ｔ4の平均である。
図４に示されるように、実施例１は比較例１と比べて、温度上昇が少ない。これは、実施例１の方が高出力時における発熱が少ないことを示している。 FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the discharge amount and the voltage at the time of discharge and the battery temperature change for Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, and is the one when discharged at −10 ° C. FIG.
The temperature shown in FIG. 4 is an average of the temperatures t1 to t4.
As shown in FIG. 4, Example 1 has less temperature rise than Comparative Example 1. This indicates that Example 1 generates less heat at high output.
なお、図４に示す温度は、温度ｔ1～ｔ4の平均である。
図４に示されるように、実施例１は比較例１と比べて、温度上昇が少ない。これは、実施例１の方が高出力時における発熱が少ないことを示している。 FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the discharge amount and the voltage at the time of discharge and the battery temperature change for Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, and is the one when discharged at −10 ° C. FIG.
The temperature shown in FIG. 4 is an average of the temperatures t1 to t4.
As shown in FIG. 4, Example 1 has less temperature rise than Comparative Example 1. This indicates that Example 1 generates less heat at high output.
これは、上述したように実施例１の方が、比較例１と比べて内部抵抗が小さいためと考えられる。
以上の結果から、実施例１のパック電池によれば、放電容量を確保しながら高出力時における発熱を抑えることができ、放電初期の電圧低下も抑えられることがわかる。
（実験３）充放電サイクル試験
実施例１及び比較例１，２のパック電池について、充放電サイクル試験を行った。 This is considered because the internal resistance of Example 1 is smaller than that of Comparative Example 1 as described above.
From the above results, according to the battery pack of Example 1, it can be seen that heat generation at high output can be suppressed while securing the discharge capacity, and voltage drop at the initial stage of discharge can be suppressed.
(Experiment 3) Charge / Discharge Cycle Test For the battery packs of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, a charge / discharge cycle test was performed.
以上の結果から、実施例１のパック電池によれば、放電容量を確保しながら高出力時における発熱を抑えることができ、放電初期の電圧低下も抑えられることがわかる。
（実験３）充放電サイクル試験
実施例１及び比較例１，２のパック電池について、充放電サイクル試験を行った。 This is considered because the internal resistance of Example 1 is smaller than that of Comparative Example 1 as described above.
From the above results, according to the battery pack of Example 1, it can be seen that heat generation at high output can be suppressed while securing the discharge capacity, and voltage drop at the initial stage of discharge can be suppressed.
(Experiment 3) Charge / Discharge Cycle Test For the battery packs of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, a charge / discharge cycle test was performed.
充電は、２５℃、４．２Ｖで一定の電流（２．５Ａ）で行い、充電電流が１００ｍＡまで低下した時点で充電を停止した。
放電は、２５℃で、一定の電流（５．０Ａ）で行い、電圧が２．５Ｖまで低下したときに放電を停止した。
上記の充放電を１サイクルとして、放電容量を測定しながら充放電を繰り返した。 Charging was performed at 25 ° C. and 4.2 V with a constant current (2.5 A), and the charging was stopped when the charging current decreased to 100 mA.
Discharging was performed at 25 ° C. with a constant current (5.0 A), and discharging was stopped when the voltage dropped to 2.5V.
The charge / discharge was repeated while measuring the discharge capacity with the above charge / discharge as one cycle.
放電は、２５℃で、一定の電流（５．０Ａ）で行い、電圧が２．５Ｖまで低下したときに放電を停止した。
上記の充放電を１サイクルとして、放電容量を測定しながら充放電を繰り返した。 Charging was performed at 25 ° C. and 4.2 V with a constant current (2.5 A), and the charging was stopped when the charging current decreased to 100 mA.
Discharging was performed at 25 ° C. with a constant current (5.0 A), and discharging was stopped when the voltage dropped to 2.5V.
The charge / discharge was repeated while measuring the discharge capacity with the above charge / discharge as one cycle.
図５は、充放電サイクル試験の結果を示すもので、サイクル数と放電容量との関係を示す特性図である。
図５からわかるように、実施例１は、比較例２よりもサイクル寿命が短いが、比較例１と比べると、サイクル寿命は長くなっている。
放電容量が初期の放電容量の６０％に低下するサイクル数をサイクル寿命とすると、サイクル寿命は比較例１では１２４０サイクル、実施例１では１５３０サイクル、実施例２では１７００サイクルであって、比較例１のサイクル寿命と比べて、実施例１ではサイクル寿命が２３％増加、比較例２では３７％増加している。 FIG. 5 shows the result of the charge / discharge cycle test, and is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the number of cycles and the discharge capacity.
As can be seen from FIG. 5, the cycle life of Example 1 is shorter than that of Comparative Example 2, but the cycle life is longer than that of Comparative Example 1.
When the cycle number at which the discharge capacity is reduced to 60% of the initial discharge capacity is defined as the cycle life, the cycle life is 1240 cycles in Comparative Example 1, 1530 cycles in Example 1, and 1700 cycles in Example 2. Compared to the cycle life of 1, the cycle life of Example 1 is increased by 23%, and that of Comparative Example 2 is increased by 37%.
図５からわかるように、実施例１は、比較例２よりもサイクル寿命が短いが、比較例１と比べると、サイクル寿命は長くなっている。
放電容量が初期の放電容量の６０％に低下するサイクル数をサイクル寿命とすると、サイクル寿命は比較例１では１２４０サイクル、実施例１では１５３０サイクル、実施例２では１７００サイクルであって、比較例１のサイクル寿命と比べて、実施例１ではサイクル寿命が２３％増加、比較例２では３７％増加している。 FIG. 5 shows the result of the charge / discharge cycle test, and is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the number of cycles and the discharge capacity.
As can be seen from FIG. 5, the cycle life of Example 1 is shorter than that of Comparative Example 2, but the cycle life is longer than that of Comparative Example 1.
When the cycle number at which the discharge capacity is reduced to 60% of the initial discharge capacity is defined as the cycle life, the cycle life is 1240 cycles in Comparative Example 1, 1530 cycles in Example 1, and 1700 cycles in Example 2. Compared to the cycle life of 1, the cycle life of Example 1 is increased by 23%, and that of Comparative Example 2 is increased by 37%.
このように実施例１が比較例１と比べてサイクル寿命が長いのも、上記のように実施例１の方が高出力時における発熱が少ないためと考えられる。
（実験４）実施例１と実施例２について高電流放電時の温度測定
図２（ａ）に示す実施例１と図２（ｂ）に示す実施例２にかかるパック電池について、上記実験２と同様に充放電を行いながら、電池温度の変化を測定した。 The reason why the cycle life of Example 1 is longer than that of Comparative Example 1 is considered to be because Example 1 generates less heat at the time of high output as described above.
(Experiment 4) Temperature measurement during high current discharge for Example 1 and Example 2 Regarding the battery pack according to Example 1 shown in FIG. 2A and Example 2 shown in FIG. Similarly, changes in battery temperature were measured while charging and discharging.
（実験４）実施例１と実施例２について高電流放電時の温度測定
図２（ａ）に示す実施例１と図２（ｂ）に示す実施例２にかかるパック電池について、上記実験２と同様に充放電を行いながら、電池温度の変化を測定した。 The reason why the cycle life of Example 1 is longer than that of Comparative Example 1 is considered to be because Example 1 generates less heat at the time of high output as described above.
(Experiment 4) Temperature measurement during high current discharge for Example 1 and Example 2 Regarding the battery pack according to Example 1 shown in FIG. 2A and Example 2 shown in FIG. Similarly, changes in battery temperature were measured while charging and discharging.
ただし、放電は、２５℃の環境下で、一定の電流（２０Ａ）で行い、電圧が２．７５Ｖまで低下したときに放電を停止した。また、電池の温度測定は、図２（ａ），（ｂ）において符号Ｔで示す位置（４つの電池が配列された電池群の中央位置）で行った。
図６は、実施例１及び実施例２について、高電流放電時における放電量と電圧との関係を示す特性図、並びに電池温度の変化を示す特性図である。 However, the discharge was performed at a constant current (20 A) in an environment of 25 ° C., and the discharge was stopped when the voltage dropped to 2.75V. The temperature of the battery was measured at a position indicated by a symbol T in FIGS. 2A and 2B (a central position of a battery group in which four batteries are arranged).
FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the discharge amount and voltage during high current discharge and a characteristic diagram showing changes in battery temperature for Example 1 and Example 2.
図６は、実施例１及び実施例２について、高電流放電時における放電量と電圧との関係を示す特性図、並びに電池温度の変化を示す特性図である。 However, the discharge was performed at a constant current (20 A) in an environment of 25 ° C., and the discharge was stopped when the voltage dropped to 2.75V. The temperature of the battery was measured at a position indicated by a symbol T in FIGS. 2A and 2B (a central position of a battery group in which four batteries are arranged).
FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the discharge amount and voltage during high current discharge and a characteristic diagram showing changes in battery temperature for Example 1 and Example 2.
図６の結果から、放電量と電圧との関係については、実施例１と実施例２との間に差はほとんどみられないが、電池温度については実施例１よりも実施例２の方が低くなっていることがわかる。
実施例１と実施例２は、パック電池の内部抵抗は同等なので、全体の発熱量はほぼ同等と考えられるが、上記図６の結果では実施例２の方が電池群の中央部分の温度上昇が少ないことから、低抵抗の電池Ａを電池群の中央位置に配置する方が、温度上昇を低減することができ、サイクル特性を向上させる上で好ましいと考えられる。 From the result of FIG. 6, regarding the relationship between the discharge amount and the voltage, there is almost no difference between Example 1 and Example 2, but with respect to the battery temperature, Example 2 is more than Example 1. You can see that it is lower.
In Example 1 and Example 2, since the internal resistance of the battery pack is the same, the total heat generation is considered to be almost the same, but in the result of FIG. 6 above, Example 2 has a temperature rise in the central part of the battery group. Therefore, it is considered preferable to dispose the low-resistance battery A at the center position of the battery group because the temperature rise can be reduced and the cycle characteristics are improved.
実施例１と実施例２は、パック電池の内部抵抗は同等なので、全体の発熱量はほぼ同等と考えられるが、上記図６の結果では実施例２の方が電池群の中央部分の温度上昇が少ないことから、低抵抗の電池Ａを電池群の中央位置に配置する方が、温度上昇を低減することができ、サイクル特性を向上させる上で好ましいと考えられる。 From the result of FIG. 6, regarding the relationship between the discharge amount and the voltage, there is almost no difference between Example 1 and Example 2, but with respect to the battery temperature, Example 2 is more than Example 1. You can see that it is lower.
In Example 1 and Example 2, since the internal resistance of the battery pack is the same, the total heat generation is considered to be almost the same, but in the result of FIG. 6 above, Example 2 has a temperature rise in the central part of the battery group. Therefore, it is considered preferable to dispose the low-resistance battery A at the center position of the battery group because the temperature rise can be reduced and the cycle characteristics are improved.
このことから、電池グループＡをブロック状の電池群の中央領域に偏在させることによって、高出力時の温度上昇を低減することができると考えられる。
この理由は、電池Ａ及び電池Ｂに流れる電流に差があまりない場合、電池Ａの発熱量は、電池Ｂに比べて小さくなる。このような電池Ａをパック電池の中央に配置させた場合、両側の発熱量の大きな電池Ｂの発熱を吸収するような形でパック電池全体を均熱化することができる。これに対して、電池Ａをパック電池の端に配置させた場合、電池Ｂからの発熱を電池Ａで十分に吸収することができず、パック電池の全体の均熱化が図れず、パック電池全体の温度が上昇すると考えられる。 From this, it is thought that the temperature rise at the time of high output can be reduced by making the battery group A unevenly distributed in the central region of the block-shaped battery group.
The reason for this is that when there is not much difference between the currents flowing through battery A and battery B, the amount of heat generated by battery A is smaller than that of battery B. When such a battery A is arranged in the center of the battery pack, the whole battery pack can be soaked in such a way as to absorb the heat generated by the battery B having a large heat generation amount on both sides. On the other hand, when the battery A is disposed at the end of the battery pack, the heat generated from the battery B cannot be sufficiently absorbed by the battery A, and the overall temperature of the battery pack cannot be equalized. The overall temperature is thought to rise.
この理由は、電池Ａ及び電池Ｂに流れる電流に差があまりない場合、電池Ａの発熱量は、電池Ｂに比べて小さくなる。このような電池Ａをパック電池の中央に配置させた場合、両側の発熱量の大きな電池Ｂの発熱を吸収するような形でパック電池全体を均熱化することができる。これに対して、電池Ａをパック電池の端に配置させた場合、電池Ｂからの発熱を電池Ａで十分に吸収することができず、パック電池の全体の均熱化が図れず、パック電池全体の温度が上昇すると考えられる。 From this, it is thought that the temperature rise at the time of high output can be reduced by making the battery group A unevenly distributed in the central region of the block-shaped battery group.
The reason for this is that when there is not much difference between the currents flowing through battery A and battery B, the amount of heat generated by battery A is smaller than that of battery B. When such a battery A is arranged in the center of the battery pack, the whole battery pack can be soaked in such a way as to absorb the heat generated by the battery B having a large heat generation amount on both sides. On the other hand, when the battery A is disposed at the end of the battery pack, the heat generated from the battery B cannot be sufficiently absorbed by the battery A, and the overall temperature of the battery pack cannot be equalized. The overall temperature is thought to rise.
また、電池Ａに流れる電流が非常に大きい場合、電池Ａのほうが電池Ｂに対して発熱量が大きくなることがある。この場合でも、電池Ａをパック電池の中央に配置させることにより、電池Ａの両側に電池Ｂが隣接するため放熱性が向上して、パック電池全体の均熱効果が高くなり、温度上昇を抑制することができる。これに対して、電池Ａがパック電池の端に配置している場合、電池Ａに隣接する電池Ｂが片側だけなので放熱性が低下し、パック電池全体を均熱化できず温度が上昇すると考えられる。
In addition, when the current flowing through the battery A is very large, the battery A may generate more heat than the battery B. Even in this case, by disposing the battery A in the center of the battery pack, the battery B is adjacent to both sides of the battery A, so that the heat dissipation is improved, the heat equalizing effect of the whole battery pack is increased, and the temperature rise is suppressed. can do. On the other hand, when the battery A is arranged at the end of the battery pack, since the battery B adjacent to the battery A is only on one side, the heat dissipation is lowered, and the temperature of the battery pack rises because the whole battery pack cannot be soaked. It is done.
（変形例など）
パック電池１及びパック電池２においては、３つの二次電池を直列に接続した電池ブロックを４つ並列接続して電池群を構成しているが、４つの二次電池を並列に接続した並列ブロックを３つ直列に接続しても、同様のパック電池を構成することができ、同様の効果を奏する。 (Variations, etc.)
In thebattery pack 1 and the battery pack 2, four battery blocks in which three secondary batteries are connected in series are connected in parallel to form a battery group, but a parallel block in which four secondary batteries are connected in parallel Even if three are connected in series, a similar battery pack can be formed, and the same effect can be obtained.
パック電池１及びパック電池２においては、３つの二次電池を直列に接続した電池ブロックを４つ並列接続して電池群を構成しているが、４つの二次電池を並列に接続した並列ブロックを３つ直列に接続しても、同様のパック電池を構成することができ、同様の効果を奏する。 (Variations, etc.)
In the
また、パック電池１及びパック電池２においては、平均動作電圧及び内部抵抗が異なる２つの電池グループ１０，２０を組み合わせて並列接続したが、平均動作電圧及び内部抵抗が異なる３つ以上の電池グループを組み合わせて並列接続することによってパック電池を構成することもできる。
上記実施形態においては、電池Ｂと比べて電池Ａにおいて、正極板と負極板の対向面積を広く設定することによって内部低抵を低くしたが、用いる活物質の種類によっても極板の抵抗が変わるので、より低抵抗となる活物質を選択して用いることによって電池の内部抵抗を低く設定することもできる。 Moreover, in thebattery pack 1 and the battery pack 2, two battery groups 10 and 20 having different average operating voltages and internal resistances are combined and connected in parallel. However, three or more battery groups having different average operating voltages and internal resistances are connected. A battery pack can also be configured by combining and connecting in parallel.
In the above embodiment, the internal resistance is reduced by setting the facing area of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate wider in the battery A than in the battery B. However, the resistance of the electrode plate also changes depending on the type of active material used. Therefore, the internal resistance of the battery can be set low by selecting and using an active material that has a lower resistance.
上記実施形態においては、電池Ｂと比べて電池Ａにおいて、正極板と負極板の対向面積を広く設定することによって内部低抵を低くしたが、用いる活物質の種類によっても極板の抵抗が変わるので、より低抵抗となる活物質を選択して用いることによって電池の内部抵抗を低く設定することもできる。 Moreover, in the
In the above embodiment, the internal resistance is reduced by setting the facing area of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate wider in the battery A than in the battery B. However, the resistance of the electrode plate also changes depending on the type of active material used. Therefore, the internal resistance of the battery can be set low by selecting and using an active material that has a lower resistance.
上記パック電池１，２においては、電池Ａ、電池Ｂともに電池の種類がリチウムイオン電池であったが、本発明のパック電池は、必ずしもリチウムイオン電池に限られず、例えば、作動電位が異なる電極活物質を用いたニッケル水素電池を組み合わせたパック電池、あるいは作動電位が異なる電極活物質を用いたニカド電池を組み合わせたパック電池にも適用できる。
In the above-described battery packs 1 and 2, both the battery A and the battery B are lithium ion batteries. However, the battery pack of the present invention is not necessarily limited to a lithium ion battery. The present invention can also be applied to a battery pack in which a nickel metal hydride battery using a material is combined, or a battery pack in which a nickel-cadmium battery using electrode active materials having different operating potentials is combined.
本発明にかかるパック電池は、高出力と高容量をバランスよく得ることができるので、電動工具、電動アシスト自転車、電動バイク、ＨＥＶやＰＥＶなどの動力源として適している。
The battery pack according to the present invention is suitable as a power source for electric tools, electric assist bicycles, electric bikes, HEVs, PEVs and the like because it can obtain a high output and high capacity in a balanced manner.
１，２ パック電池
１０，２０ 電池グループ
３０ 保護回路
３１ コネクタ 1, 2 pack battery 10, 20 battery group 30 protection circuit 31 connector
１０，２０ 電池グループ
３０ 保護回路
３１ コネクタ 1, 2
Claims (5)
- 第１電池グループ及び第２電池グループが並列接続された電池群を備えるパック電池であって、
前記第１電池グループ及び第２電池グループは、同じ種類の二次電池によって構成され、
第１電池グループに属する二次電池と比べて、第２電池グループに属する二次電池は、 平均動作電圧が高く且つ電池の内部抵抗が小さく設定されていることを特徴とするパック電池。 A battery pack comprising a battery group in which a first battery group and a second battery group are connected in parallel,
The first battery group and the second battery group are composed of secondary batteries of the same type,
Compared to secondary batteries belonging to the first battery group, the secondary batteries belonging to the second battery group are set to have a high average operating voltage and a low internal resistance of the battery. - 第１電池グループに属する二次電池及び第２電池グループに属する二次電池の種類は、 共にリチウムイオン電池であり、
第１電池グループに属する二次電池と比べて、第２電池グループに属する二次電池は、 正極板を構成する正極活物質の作動電位が高いことを特徴とする請求項１記載のパック電池。 The secondary battery belonging to the first battery group and the secondary battery belonging to the second battery group are both lithium ion batteries,
2. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the secondary battery belonging to the second battery group has a higher operating potential of the positive electrode active material constituting the positive electrode plate than the secondary battery belonging to the first battery group. - 第１電池グループに属する二次電池と比べて、第２電池グループに属する二次電池は、 発電素体を構成する正極板と負極板の対向面積が大きいことを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載のパック電池。 3. The secondary battery belonging to the second battery group has a larger facing area between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate constituting the power generation element than the secondary battery belonging to the first battery group. Packed battery as described.
- 各第１電池グループに属する二次電池の数と、各第２電池グループに属する二次電池の数が同じで、各グループ内で二次電池同士が直列接続されていることを特徴とする請求項１～３のいずれか記載のパック電池。 The number of secondary batteries belonging to each first battery group is the same as the number of secondary batteries belonging to each second battery group, and the secondary batteries are connected in series within each group. Item 4. The battery pack according to any one of Items 1 to 3.
- 第１電池グループ及び第２電池グループは、電池群がブロック状になるように配列され、
第１電池グループがその中央部に偏在していることを特徴とする請求項１～４のいずれか記載のパック電池。 The first battery group and the second battery group are arranged so that the battery group is in a block shape,
5. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the first battery group is unevenly distributed at the center thereof.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011-068440 | 2011-03-25 | ||
| JP2011068440A JP2014112463A (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2011-03-25 | Battery pack |
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| WO2012132525A1 true WO2012132525A1 (en) | 2012-10-04 |
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| PCT/JP2012/051604 WO2012132525A1 (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2012-01-26 | Pack battery |
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| JP (1) | JP2014112463A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012132525A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023087214A1 (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2023-05-25 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery pack and electric device therefor |
| WO2024011454A1 (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2024-01-18 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery pack and electrical device |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6066255B2 (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2017-01-25 | 株式会社Ｇｓユアサ | Electricity storage element |
| JP2015088255A (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2015-05-07 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | Battery |
| KR102547068B1 (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2023-06-23 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Battery pack, battery module having the battery pack, power supplier having the battery module |
| JP2023509418A (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2023-03-08 | 寧徳時代新能源科技股▲分▼有限公司 | BATTERY, APPARATUS, BATTERY MANUFACTURING METHOD AND MANUFACTURING APPARATUS |
| EP4064421A4 (en) | 2020-11-17 | 2023-09-13 | Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited | Battery, device using battery, and method and device for preparing battery |
| EP4152479A4 (en) | 2021-07-30 | 2023-09-13 | Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited | Battery group, battery pack and electric apparatus |
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| JP2001268814A (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2001-09-28 | Internatl Business Mach Corp <Ibm> | Power supply device, electric equipment, and power supply method |
| JP2004111242A (en) * | 2002-09-19 | 2004-04-08 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Battery pack |
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| JPH0429528A (en) * | 1990-05-25 | 1992-01-31 | Hitachi Koki Co Ltd | Dc power supply |
| JPH11332023A (en) * | 1998-05-14 | 1999-11-30 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Battery for electric vehicle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2023087214A1 (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2023-05-25 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery pack and electric device therefor |
| WO2024011454A1 (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2024-01-18 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery pack and electrical device |
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| JP2014112463A (en) | 2014-06-19 |
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