WO2012130860A1

WO2012130860A1 - Device for automatically pivoting around the paddles arranged on a paddle wheel

Info

Publication number: WO2012130860A1
Application number: PCT/EP2012/055445
Authority: WO
Inventors: Holger FRIEBE; Jan Nowak
Original assignee: Takraf Gmbh
Priority date: 2011-03-28
Filing date: 2012-03-28
Publication date: 2012-10-04
Also published as: CN103429822B; EA022015B1; DE102011015247A1; AU2012234270A1; CN103429822A; BR112013010253B1; EA201300405A1; BR112013010253A2; DE102011015247B4; AU2012234270B2; ZA201302354B

Abstract

The invention relates to paddle wheels (3) which are equipped with pivotable paddles (1) on the lateral surface or the drum shell. The pivot axis (2) of the paddles lies parallel to the axis of rotation of the paddle wheel (3). According to the invention, the paddles (1) comprise at least one engagement element (10) arranged laterally and projecting therefrom. Furthermore, there is arranged next to the paddle wheel (3) at least one curved guideway (60) into which an engagement element (10) engages as a paddle (1) is guided past laterally, and the curved guideway (60) thus provides a positive guidance of the engagement element (10) along a curved path. As a result of the relative movement between curved guideway (60) and paddle wheel (3) with paddle (1), the engagement element (10) is moved along the curved guideway (60), and consequently the paddle (1) moves from the first pivoting position into the second pivoting position. A wide variety of configurations for the curved guideway (60) are conceivable but, in each case, the entry to the curved guideway must be arranged in such a way that the engagement element (10) of a paddle in the first pivoting position is guided into the curved guideway (60), thus has the same spacing from the axis of rotation of the paddle wheel as the engagement element (10).

Description

Device for automatically swinging the blades arranged on a blade wheel

The invention relates to a device for automatically pivoting the arranged on a paddle blades or other recording devices with reversible blade wheels for excavators, loaders, reclaimers or the like. Driven by the existing paddle wheel drive by means of this device is a direction of rotation dependent turning of trained as a blade, bucket or bucket Gutaufnahmeorgane. The blades, buckets or pails for these machines are hereinafter referred to only as blades.

Conveyors with paddle wheels e.g. in the case of bridge reclaimers on transhipment storage areas, in order to be able to work in both working directions along the longitudinal heap, the equipment must have double-acting or swiveling blades.

In existing constructions, this unlocking, folding and locking takes place either by manual access by the operating personnel or automatically.

In machines with manually pivoting blades, these are hitherto provided for the respective rotational and working direction in a fixed predetermined working position, are fixed there and remain in this fixed position with fixed predetermined angle of attack.

With manual swiveling blades, the operators have to cope with the heavy loads of the blades. By the effect of its own weight, the folding movement is uncontrolled and therefore risky. The blades hit when folding against the support structure of the paddle wheel. To unlock the blades, the operator must go into the swivel range of the blades. This creates a high accident risk for the operators

The locks pollute and pinch. The locking in the new end position is problematic. The time required to change all arranged on the Schaufelradumfang blades is high.

A drum return device, in which the blades fold over automatically, is known from the document DE 25 13 400 C2. The blades are pivoted and held in one of the two end positions depending on the direction of rotation. Switching from an end position ment in the other takes place automatically depending on the direction of rotation by the resistance exerted by the conveyed material on the blades.

The blades are provided with oppositely arranged cutting edges and can thereby absorb well in both directions, depending on the direction of rotation of the drum.

A disadvantage of this solution is the wear of the retaining device of the blades relative to the drum and their contamination with conveyed, thus constantly changing holding force and the time dependent on the pivoting.

In addition, when changing the direction of rotation of the drum and sudden action of the force of the material in the opposite direction, the blades jerkily torn out of the retaining device and rest after covering the pivoting unbraked and unsprung abruptly in the retaining device of the opposite side again. This in turn causes additional wear of the retaining devices.

If several, arranged in a horizontal line blades at the same time swing suddenly, so this causes an extreme impact load for the blades, the drum and its drive.

Freely movable blades are rotatably mounted on the drum or the impeller and can arbitrarily oscillate between two fixed end stops. This free pendulum movement of the free cutting of the blades and the pivoting is given automatically in the respective working position for the two directions of rotation.

These blades can be designed large volume for all conveyed goods and large mass flows.

However, with each revolution of the drum, these blades hit hard against the rear end stop (s) under the action of gravity, the cutting force in the heap, and the weight of the load on the headers, backward. Upon exiting the dump and emptying the bucket at the top of the drum, these blades then fall on the opposite side of the dump under gravity impact with hard impact on the forward end stop.

This permanent oscillation with two hard stops of each blade per revolution of the drum causes a strong wear of the end stops and the blades, high dy- Namely loads in the drum and their drives up to cyclic peaks in the current consumption of the drive motors. These loads are extremely high when several parallel blades swing in rows at the same time. Structural damage and cracks in the drums and paddle wheels are the common consequence.

From the patent DE 25 43 529 the principle of tiltable blades for a bucket wheel with two directions of rotation and spring return is known.

This principle of tiltable excavator buckets has hitherto not been applied in practice, as it is technically not feasible in the embodiment shown and the intended effect is questionable with respect to the structural disadvantages.

The disadvantage is the immediate tilting of the excavator buckets in the respective end position and the extreme depth of engagement of the blades at the first entry into the heap with a constant cutting angle. These cause that when entering the cutting edge into the heap much material is taken up and in the further passage through the heap the material in the filled bucket is dammed and pushed upwards, which runs back after the exit of the cutting edge from the heap counter to the direction of rotation of the bucket wheel , As a result, the intended free cutting of the blades are not achieved and added a lot of unnecessary flexing in the heap.

The application of the principle of resiliently tiltable blades for drum reclaimer with low depth of engagement is in the o. G. Patent Specification not listed exactly from the aforementioned disadvantages.

The object of the invention is to propose a device which allows the automatic pivoting of the blades of a paddle wheel without the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art. In addition, the device should allow the locking and unlocking of the blades in the end positions of the pivoting movement.

According to the invention the object is achieved by a device having the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of dependent claims.

The invention relates to paddle wheels, which are equipped with pivotable blades on the outer surface or the drum shell. The pivot axis of the blades is parallel to the axis of rotation of the blade wheel. Thus, the blades can take two pivotal positions with respect to the direction of rotation of the paddle wheel, wherein in a first Pivoting position of the center of gravity of the blade seen in the direction of rotation of the pivot axis upstream and downstream in a second pivot position. The focus of the blades lies on the pivot axis. The device according to the invention for pivoting the blades makes it possible to swing the blades from the first pivot position into the second pivot position. Frequently, the blades are largely symmetrical to a, the pivot axis-containing plane of symmetry, designed to realize the same conditions for the changing rotational and working directions without modification, manual intervention or locking.

To change the working direction of the blades, the paddle wheel must not be engaged with the male Good. The blades must be largely empty.

According to the invention, the blades have at least one laterally arranged and there projecting engagement element. This is, for example, in a simple embodiment, a steel pin, which protrudes from the side wall of the blade (in the direction of the axis of rotation of the blade wheel). Furthermore, at least one cam slot is arranged next to the paddle wheel, in which engages an engagement element in the lateral passing of a blade and the cam so causes a positive guidance of the engagement element on a curved path. As a result of the relative movement between the cam slide and the paddle wheel with the blade, the engagement element is moved along the cam track, thereby moving the blade from the first pivoting position to the second pivoting position. In any case, the entrance of the cam track must be arranged so that the engagement element of a blade is guided in the first pivoting position in the cam track, so have the same distance from the axis of rotation of the paddle wheel as the engagement element. Preferably, he output of the cam track is arranged so that the device is applicable in both directions of rotation. Preferably, the curve is symmetrical with respect to the radius of the impeller at the apex (the point with the greatest distance to the axis of rotation of the impeller) of the curve backdrop.

Between input and output of the cam slide, the distance between the curve and the axis of rotation of the blade wheel increases in such a way that the engagement element and thus the blade are lifted and the blade is thus swung around.

The switching device can be arranged on one side of the blade wheel or on both sides, in which case the engagement elements can also be arranged on both sides of the blades have to. The two-sided version is particularly suitable for wide blades.

The changeover device can be arranged in the upper or lateral area of a paddle wheel, the upper area being preferred.

Preferably, the changeover device is brought by a movement (hydraulic, manual, electric, pneumatic or otherwise), the changeover device in its working position on the paddle wheel. Initiators and the control of the bucket wheel drive ensure that always the free space between two blades is approached.

Preferably, the switching device on a locking link, which assumes the function of active unlocking and locking of the holding elements. Further preferably, the switching device is arranged on a movable carriage. The arrangement of the scenes to each other guarantees the exact timing of the functions to each other.

The main advantages of the inventive solution are the simple and robust structural design of the adjusting and locking mechanism for, depending on the direction of rotation, automatically pivoting blades. The arrangement of the adjusting mechanism can be done in the upper conveyed free zone of the impeller or the drum, because no use of the vane weight.

The change of the working direction of the entire machine can be carried out in a much shorter time. An automation of the bucket changeover is possible.

The availability and productivity of the machine are increased.

The operator does not have to enter the swivel range of the blades or the working area of the machine and may only have a monitoring function.

The risk of accidents and the physical effort of the operating personnel is significantly reduced.

Since the changes to the existing bucket design only affect the side wall of the bucket, retrofitting to existing machines may be possible provided the required manufacturing quality has been met and the clearance for the adjustment unit has been met. In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a preferred embodiment and with reference to figures. Showing:

Fig. 1 a paddle wheel equipped with a device according to the invention before the

Insertion of the curve and locking link,

Fig. 2 the paddle wheel with retracted curve and locking link before

Swinging a shovel,

Fig. 3 shows the paddle wheel with retracted cam and locking link during the swinging of a blade, and

Fig. 4 the paddle wheel with retracted cam and locking link with swung-blade.

On the body of a paddle wheel 3 blades 1 are arranged in series at regular intervals to each other. The direction of rotation of the blade wheel 3 is indicated by an arrow in FIG. As shown in the figures, each of the blades 1 is mounted in a pivot axis 2 on the circumference of the blade wheel 3. For each of the blades 1, a first and a second locking bolt 4, 5 is provided. In the drawing according to FIG. 2, the first locking bolt 4 and in the drawing according to FIG. 4 the second locking bolt 5 is in functional connection with the upper blade 1 in the region of the contact pieces 12. In the drawing according to FIG. 3, neither of the two locking bolts 4 and 5 is in engagement with the blade 1.

The automatic folding of the blades 1 takes place centrally in the upper region of the blade wheel 3. In this area, no direct contact with the conveyed material is present even during the working process.

As shown in Fig. 1, the device 6 for changing the blade position on a module slidably disposed opposite to the support frame 7, on which the impeller 3 is displaced. The direction of displacement is indicated in Fig. 1 with an arrow.

To change the paddle wheel 3 may not be engaged with the male Good. The blades 1 are emptied. As a result of the horizontal approach of module with changeover device 6 in the direction of the blades 1, the changeover device 6 is brought into its starting position on the blade wheel 3, as shown in FIG. The approach of the switching device 6 takes place thereby by an electrical, hydraulic or other drive. Initiators and the control of the bucket wheel drive ensure that always the free space between two blades 1 is approached.

In this safe end position of the changeover device 6, the swiveling of the blades 1 takes place on the impeller 3 in its opposite end position.

The blades 1 on the blade wheel 3 are constructed symmetrically for both working directions.

The device 6 facing side wall 1 1 each blade 1 has an engagement element that is designed here as a tilting bolt 10. In addition, two holding elements are arranged symmetrically next to the pivot axis 2 in the shadow of the cutting edge of the blade 1, which are formed here as plant pieces 12. About this investment pieces 12 holds the respective locking pin 4 or 5, the blade 1 in one of the two end positions.

For each of the blades 1, two separate locking pins 4, 5 are provided. The locking pins 4, 5 are secured against rotation and are held by spring force in the locking position. In each of the two end positions of a blade 1, a locking bolt 4 or 5 is engaged for holding the blade 1 in engagement. The second locking pin 5 or 4 is not engaged. At the outer ends of the locking pin 4, 5 is also secured against rotation driver, which is rigidly connected to the locking pin 4, 5.

The changeover device 6 consists of two components:

• a cam slide 60 for folding the bucket and

A locking link 61 for actuating the locking pins 4, 5.

These components 60, 61 are shaped and positioned relative to one another such that a planned sequence of the individual functions takes place when the blades 1 are turned over.

The operation when swinging a bucket 1 from one end position to the other is as follows:

The previous working direction of the paddle wheel 3 was dextrorotatory. This is shown in the drawing of FIG. 2 by the arcuate arrow. The locking pin 4 holds the upper blade 1 in this position. To swing this blade 1 in the other end position, the switching device 6 must be engaged. It is replaced by a line arantrieb in the horizontal direction parallel to the pivot axis 2 of the blade 1 to the bucket wheel 3 out and remains secure in the end position stand. The paddle wheel 3 runs at a reduced speed. In this case, first passes through the catch of the locking bolt 4, the locking link 61, and is actively unlocked against the spring force of a retaining spring.

At the time of complete unlocking of Fig. 3, the tilting bolt 10 is already in the curve backdrop 60 and is guided in this so that it tilts the blade 1 about its pivot axis 2 and again deposits on the other side.

Prior to depositing passes parallel to the driver of the new locking bolt 5, the locking link 61, so that the lock pin 5 is unlocked before placing the blade 1. After pivoting of the blade 1, the driver of the locking bolt 5 passes through the locking link 61 in such a way that the locking of the blade 1 in the pivoted position forcibly, that is, the locking link pushes the locking bolt in its locking position. This is particularly advantageous if the movement of the locking bolt by dirt or the like. is limited and therefore the force of the retaining spring for a movement of the locking bolt is not sufficient. The retaining spring serves only to secure the locking position. The final situation is shown in FIG. 4.

Subsequently, the following blades 1 pass through the switching device 6, are pivoted there and locked in the new working position.

After all the blades 1 are brought into the new working position, the module is moved with diverter 6 back from the bucket wheel 3 in its rest position. The renewed conversion of the blade arrangement takes place in the reverse order.

Reference numerals:

1 scoop

10 tilting pin / engagement element

1 1 side wall

12 abutment piece / holding element

2 pivot axis

3 paddle wheel

4 locking bolts

5 locking bolts

6 changeover device consisting of

60 curves

61 locking link

7 supporting frame

Claims

claims

1. Device for pivoting on a paddle wheel (3) fixed blades (1) which are pivotable about a pivot axis (2) parallel to the axis of rotation of the blade wheel (3) and on the paddle wheel (3) in an end position in which the center of gravity the blade (1) of its pivot axis (2) is seen in the direction of rotation, are stored with the blades (1) are largely symmetrical and the pivot axis (2) lies in the plane of symmetry, comprising at least one adjacent the paddle wheel (3) in the region of Blades (1) arranged cam follower (60), wherein each blade (1) has at least one laterally arranged and cantilevered engagement element (10) which when passing the blade (1) on the cam slide (60) engages in this and by the positive guidance of the Engagement element (10) in the curve backdrop (60), the blade (1) controlled swings.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the blades (1) have a laterally arranged in the plane of symmetry engagement element (10) and the cam slot (60) has a gap with a gap width which is sufficient that the engagement element (10). with clearance through the gap, wherein the gap in the lateral areas of the cam slot (60) is positioned so that by the rotation of the paddle wheel (3) the engagement elements (10) of the blades (1) in the cam track (60) guided and the arcuate shape in the middle of the curve backdrop (60) from the blade wheel (1) leads and where the pivoting movement of the blades (1) has its apex, wherein the distance of the vertex of the cam track (60) from the axis of rotation of the blade wheel (3) the sum of the distance from the axis of rotation of the blade wheel (3) to the pivot axis (2) plus the distance of the pivot axis (2) to the engagement element (10).

3. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device additionally comprises a locking device which can fix the blades (1) in both end positions of the pivoting movement.

4. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the locking device at least one, on the blade (1) arranged holding element (11) that in the two end positions of the pivotal movement of the blade (1) in the paddle wheel (3) arranged locking elements fixed is.

5. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that two holding elements (11) on the blade (1) are arranged laterally, wherein in each case a holding element (1 1) in an end position of the pivoting movement of the blade (1) in a on the blade wheel (3 ) is engaged and fixed by this, wherein the locking elements (4,5) preferably in the direction of the axis of rotation of the impeller (3) movable and resiliently mounted locking pins (4,5), and a locking link (61 ) is arranged in such a way next to the impeller (3), that the locking link (61) when passing a blade (1) opens and closes both locking elements (4,5) successively, so that the blade (1) is not fixed during the pivoting movement ,

6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cam slide (60) and optionally the locking link (61) in the direction of the axis of rotation of the paddle wheel (3) from a working position in which the blades (1) are pivoted to a rest position are movable.

7. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the locking link (61) actively moves the locking elements (4,5) in its locking position.

8. Device according to one of claims 5 or 7, characterized in that the locking link (61) and the cam slot (60) are arranged to each other such that when passing a blade (1) first to be pivoted blade (1) through the locking link (61) is unlocked, then the bucket (1) is pivoted by the cam slot (60) and locked after pivoting through the locking link (61) again.