WO2012128408A1 - Dispositif d'affichage présentant une structure cristalline photonique - Google Patents

Dispositif d'affichage présentant une structure cristalline photonique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012128408A1
WO2012128408A1 PCT/KR2011/002099 KR2011002099W WO2012128408A1 WO 2012128408 A1 WO2012128408 A1 WO 2012128408A1 KR 2011002099 W KR2011002099 W KR 2011002099W WO 2012128408 A1 WO2012128408 A1 WO 2012128408A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
photonic crystal
electrophoretic particles
crystal structure
electrophoretic
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PCT/KR2011/002099
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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김한준
지창훈
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(주)바이오제닉스
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Publication of WO2012128408A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012128408A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133514—Colour filters
    • G02F1/133516—Methods for their manufacture, e.g. printing, electro-deposition or photolithography
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
    • G02F1/167—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G02F1/134363—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F1/16757—Microcapsules
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1676—Electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1677—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. reflectors or illuminating devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1679—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells; Filling or closing of cells
    • G02F1/1681—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells; Filling or closing of cells having two or more microcells partitioned by walls, e.g. of microcup type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1685—Operation of cells; Circuit arrangements affecting the entire cell
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F2001/1678—Constructional details characterised by the composition or particle type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
    • G02F2202/32—Photonic crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/05—Function characteristic wavelength dependent
    • G02F2203/055—Function characteristic wavelength dependent wavelength filtering

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to display technology, and more particularly, to a display device including a photonic crystal structure.
  • next-generation display devices are required to have low power driving and large area, and to have flexibility.
  • a display device using a photonic crystal structure is attracting attention.
  • the display device using the photonic crystal structure has not only improved light efficiency but also high color saturation compared to a display using a transmissive type color filter.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a display device that is excellent in color expression power and contrast ratio, and capable of low power driving by utilizing the optical advantages of the photonic crystal structure.
  • a display apparatus including: a light conversion layer including a plurality of pixel regions having a photonic crystal structure displaying color; And an electrophoretic array layer having a plurality of electrophoretic cells stacked on the photoconversion layer to provide a display surface.
  • Each of the plurality of electrophoretic cells is at least partially adapted to provide an optical path for incident light transmitted to the photonic crystal structure of any one of the plurality of pixel regions and the reflected light reflected from the photonic crystal structure.
  • the cavity includes a partition, microcapsule or microcup structure.
  • the color of the photonic crystal structure may be any one of red, green, blue, cyan, magenta, and yellow.
  • the display device may further include a backlight for exciting the photonic crystal structure or providing light to the electrophoretic array layer through the photonic crystal structure.
  • the backlight unit may be disposed in a direct type or an edge type.
  • the electrophoretic particles may include any one or both of white electrophoretic particles and black electrophoretic particles.
  • the display device may display white information by the white electrophoretic particles.
  • the display device may display color information by operating the photoconversion layer and the electrophoretic array layer together when driving the color display mode, and independently operate the electrophoretic array layer independently when the monochrome display mode is driven. Can be.
  • the electrodes may include a first electrode offset on an optical path below the cavity and a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode and overlapping the photonic crystal structure, wherein the electrophoretic particles are driven when the display device is driven. As the light is collected on the first electrode, the optical path is opened, and the electrophoretic particles are dispersed on the second electrode to shield the optical path.
  • the electrodes include a first electrode disposed on the optical path above the cavity and a second electrode disposed on the bottom of the cavity and offset on the optical path, wherein the display device is driven.
  • the electrophoretic particles are dispersed on the first electrode, information of the electrophoretic particles may be displayed, and the colors of the photonic crystal structure may be displayed by collecting the electrophoretic particles on the second electrode.
  • the electrophoretic particles comprise white electrophoretic particles and black electrophoretic particles having a different electrophoretic mobility than the white electrophoretic particles, wherein the electrodes are on an optical path above the cavity.
  • a first electrode disposed;
  • a second electrode disposed on the bottom of the cavity and offset on the optical path;
  • a third electrode spaced apart from the same plane as the second electrode.
  • the display apparatus when the display apparatus is driven, information of the electrophoretic particles is displayed by dispersing any one kind of particles of the electrophoretic particles on the first electrode, and the electrophoretic particles are the second electrode.
  • the color of the photonic crystal structure can be displayed by collecting on both the and third electrodes.
  • the second electrode and the third electrode may be spaced apart from each other with the photonic crystal structure interposed therebetween.
  • the third electrode is opposite the first electrode and the photonic crystal structure. It may be extended to overlap with.
  • the electrophoretic particles comprise white electrophoretic particles and black electrophoretic particles having a different electrophoretic mobility than the white electrophoretic particles, wherein the electrodes are on an optical path above the cavity.
  • a first electrode disposed;
  • a second electrode spaced apart on the same plane as the first electrode and offset on the optical path;
  • the electrodes may further include a fourth electrode spaced apart from the third electrode with the photonic crystal structure therebetween.
  • the first electrode may be a common electrode of adjacent electrophoretic cells.
  • the display device may further include a black matrix opening an optical path on the cavity, wherein the black matrix may define a particle storage region in which the electrophoretic particles are collected.
  • the photonic crystal structure may be passive, active, or a combination thereof.
  • a display device includes an electrophoretic array layer stacked on a photoconversion layer having a photonic crystal structure for displaying color, thereby taking advantage of the optical advantages of the photonic crystal structure to display excellent color expression and contrast ratio.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2A-2D are images illustrating photonic crystal structures, each having a three-dimensional period.
  • 3A and 3B are cross-sectional views of display apparatuses according to other exemplary embodiments.
  • 4A to 4B are conceptual views illustrating the color band change of the photonic crystal structure by adjusting the optical band gap by controlling the microstructure of the photonic crystal structure.
  • 5A through 5D are cross-sectional views illustrating display apparatuses according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a display device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terms “on” or “up” as used herein include not only directly above, but also in the case where other layers are interposed therebetween unless otherwise specified.
  • the terms “below” or “below” include not only directly below unless otherwise indicated, but also when other layers are interposed therebetween.
  • first, second, etc. are used herein to describe various members, parts, regions, layers, and / or parts, these members, parts, regions, layers, and / or parts are defined by these terms. It is obvious that not. These terms are only used to distinguish one member, part, region, layer or portion from another region, layer or portion. Thus, the first member, part, region, layer or portion, which will be discussed below, may refer to the second member, component, region, layer or portion without departing from the teachings of the present invention.
  • photonic crystals have a dielectric structure that prevents photons of a certain frequency from propagating in a specific direction by having a hotonic band gap (PBG) due to the presence of a spatially periodic grating or crystal.
  • PBG hotonic band gap
  • the optical band gap may be controlled by not only the physical properties of the photonic crystal but also the geometrical shape of the pattern.
  • the optical bandgap may be controlled by changing the grating structure of the photonic crystal, the size of the unit grating, and the refractive index difference of the material.
  • a "photonic crystal structure” refers to a passive material that maintains a defined optical bandgap, and that the optical bandgap can be freely adjusted through a change in the refractive index difference between the lattice structure, the size of the unit lattice, or the constituent material. It includes all active materials (or tunable photonic crystals). If necessary, any one of the point defects, line defects, or volume defects present in the photonic crystal structure, or a combination thereof, may be controlled so that other optical conversion characteristics such as reflectance along with the optical band gap are obtained. You can also adjust
  • the photonic crystal structure may have a one, two or three-dimensional periodic structure, the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the one-dimensional periodic structure means a structure having a symmetrical change in one dimension.
  • uniform planes parallel to each other have a one-dimensional periodic structure because they only change in a direction perpendicular to the planes.
  • the two-dimensional periodic structure refers to a structure having a symmetrical change in two dimensions.
  • a structure comprising a plurality of parallel rods, tubes or fibers has a two-dimensional periodic structure because it has a variation in two dimensions perpendicular to the axial direction of the rods, tubes or fibers. .
  • the three-dimensional periodic structure refers to a structure having a symmetrical change in all three dimensions of the structure.
  • This periodic structure is characterized by photolithography and reactive ion etching thereof, colloidal dispersion of particles, self-assembly, holographic processes using laser beams, polymers or polymers using photosensitive polymers, using two or more materials having different refractive indices or dielectric constants. It can be formed by a variety of known methods such as dispersed liquid crystal (H-PLDCs), by which the present invention is not limited.
  • H-PLDCs dispersed liquid crystal
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a display apparatus 100 according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the display apparatus 100 includes a light conversion layer 10 including a plurality of pixel regions PX1, PX2, and PX3 having photonic crystal structures 10R, 10G, and 10B for displaying color, and And an electrophoretic array layer 20 stacked on the light conversion layer 20 to provide a display surface VP.
  • the light conversion layer 10 serves to output the converted reflected light (I R , I G , I B ) by adjusting the frequency and wavelength of the light (I) incident from the surroundings. Is achieved by the photonic crystal structures 10R, 10G, and 10B in the layer 10. In addition, the photonic crystal structures 10R, 10G, and 10B may have different colors to define the plurality of pixel regions PX1, PX2, and PX3.
  • each of the pixel areas PX1, PX2, and PX3 are subpixels, and when these subpixels gather to form one color pixel PX, each subpixel area (
  • the photonic crystal structures 10R, 10G, and 10B of PX1, PX2, and PX3 can provide different optical bandgaps that can reflect light in the red (R), green (G), and blue (B) bands, respectively. have.
  • the photonic crystal structure of each subpixel region may have magenta, cyan and yellow. These colors are exemplary and the photonic crystal structure may have any suitable color.
  • the photonic crystal structures 10R, 10G, and 10B selectively select only light IR, IG, and RB having a predetermined range of wavelengths or frequencies in the incident light I. Since it is sufficient to function as a reflector for reflecting, the photonic crystal structures 10R, 10G, and 10B may be passive photonic crystal materials which maintain a defined optical band gap.
  • the photonic crystal structures 10R, 10G, and 10B may be, for example, photonic crystal materials having a known three-dimensional period.
  • 2A-2D are images illustrating photonic crystal structures, each having a three-dimensional period.
  • FIG. 2A shows a diamond opal structure
  • FIG. 2B shows a wood pile structure in which bar-shaped lattice layers formed of a high dielectric constant material in a low dielectric constant material layer are stacked at regular intervals
  • FIG. 2C shows a spiral structure.
  • 2D illustrates an inverse structure in which a high dielectric constant material is disposed in a low dielectric constant material layer.
  • the photonic crystal structures 10R, 10G, and 10B of this embodiment do not need to have a full optical bandgap, and may be suitable only to display a defined color within a certain viewing angle range.
  • This relaxed bandgap also permits relatively low refractive index contrast in the photonic crystal structure, which has the advantage of being easily manufactured.
  • Electrophoretic array layer 20 stacked on the light conversion layer 10 is a cavity (V1, V2, V3) is a closed space; Dielectric fluid 21 filled in cavities V1, V2, V3; And electrophoretic particles 22k dispersed in the dielectric fluid 21.
  • the electrophoretic array layer 20 also includes a plurality of electrodes RE and DE which provide an electric field for flowing the electrophoretic particles 22k in the cavity to open or shield some or all of the optical path. Includes more ..
  • the cavities V1, V2, and V3 may be defined by the substrates 23 and 24 facing each other and the plurality of partitions 25, which are separation members disposed therebetween.
  • the substrates 23 and 24 are transparent substrates to provide a light path for incident light transmitted to the photonic crystal structures 10R, 10G, and 10B and reflected light reflected therefrom, and to implement a flexible display device. For this purpose, it may have flexibility.
  • the substrate 23 between the photoconversion layer 10 and the electrophoretic array layer 20 may be omitted.
  • the plurality of partitions 25 may be directly formed on the base substrate 10 on which the photonic crystal structures 10R, 10G, and 10B are disposed instead of the substrate 23.
  • the cavities V1, V2, V3 defined by the partitions 25 may be rectangular, pentagonal, hexagonal, or circle and oval, or stripe and according to the pattern of the pixel areas PX1, PX2 and PX3. It may be arranged in a variety of known patterns, such as honeycomb shape.
  • the separating member defining the cavities V1, V2, V3 is, in addition to the partition structure 25 shown, for example, by means of known microcapsules disclosed by E-ink or SIPIX. It may have the disclosed microcup structure.
  • the structure of these cavities is exemplary and the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the cavity is at least partially configured to provide a light path for incident light I transmitted to the plurality of sub pixel regions and reflected light I R , I G , I B output from the plurality of pixel regions. All that is needed is a wall that is transparent to the lights.
  • the cavities V1, V2, V3 can be formed using various polymer materials such as polyethylene, polystyrene, polycarbonate, epoxy resin, silicone resin, melamine resin, acrylic resin, phenol resin, for example. And may be formed through processes such as silk screening, embossing, photolithography, ultraviolet irradiation, laser drilling and emulsifying processes.
  • the dielectric fluid 21 filled in the cavities V1, V2, V3 may be a single or mixed dielectric solvent or gas.
  • the dielectric fluid 21 is optically transparent and may not be colored.
  • the dielectric fluid 21 may have a low viscosity to increase the mobility of the particles 22k dispersed therein, and may have a dielectric constant of about 2 to 30, and preferably 2 to 15.
  • dielectric fluids include hydrocarbons such as decahydronaphtahlene (DECALIN), 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene, fatty oils, paraffin oils and toluene, xylene, phenylsilylethane , Aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene or alkylnaphthalene, and one or a mixture of perfluorodecalin, perfluorotoluene, perfluoroxylene, and these may be exemplary. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • DECALIN decahydronaphtahlene
  • 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene fatty oils
  • paraffin oils and toluene xylene
  • phenylsilylethane phenylsilylethane
  • Aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene or alkylnaphthalene, and one or a mixture of perfluorodecalin, perfluoroto
  • the dielectric fluid 21 may be colored by pigments, dyes or combinations thereof.
  • the pigments and dyes may be known materials that are affinity or reactive to these fluids.
  • a charge-controlling agent, cationic or anionic surfactant, metal soap, resin material, metal-based coupling agent and stabilizer Various functional materials, such as stabilizing agents, can be added further.
  • the electrophoretic particles 22k dispersed in the dielectric fluid 21 are a one particle system, as shown, and may be charged black particles.
  • the black particles may be formed by a pigment and a resin or a combination of two or more of them.
  • the pigment for black particles may be, for example, carbon black, copper oxide, manganese dioxide, aniline black, activated carbon, neo super black, sudan black, or a mixed composition thereof.
  • the resin which can be applied to the electrophoretic particles 32) is urethane resin, urea resin, acrylic resin, polyester resin, acrylic urethane resin resins, acrylic urethane silicone resins, acrylic urethane fluorocarbon polymers, acrylic fluorocarbon polymers, silicone resins, acrylic silicone resins silicone resin, polystyrene resin, styrene acrylic resin, polyolefin resin, butyral resin, vinylydine chloride resin, melamine resin ( melamine resin, phenolic resin, fluorocarbon polymers, polycarbonate resin, polysulfon resin, polyether Not be a polymer resin material such as (polyether resin), polyethylene resin (polyethylene resin) and polyimide resin (polyamide resin), and these materials may be used in combination of two or more materials.
  • the resin may be gelatin, alginic acid, latex polymer, polystyrene, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl butyral, polymethyl acrylate, polybutyl acrylate, polymethyl meta It may also be formed from other polymeric materials such as acrylates, polybutyl methacrylates.
  • the charge of the electrophoretic particles 22k may be provided by the intrinsic charge of the resin, or may be more actively controlled by charge control agents and / or triboelectric charging distributed inside and / or on the particles.
  • the specific gravity of the electrophoretic particles 22k is designed to be equal to the specific gravity of the surrounding dielectric fluid 21, thereby suppressing the aggregation of the particles 22k and maintaining the dispersed state of the particles even after the power source is removed. Memory characteristics.
  • At least two electrodes RE, DE for applying an electric field in the cavities V1, V2, V3 are provided.
  • One of the first electrode RE and the second electrode DE may be an individual electrode addressable to each subpixel or a common electrode shared by at least two subpixels.
  • first electrode RE and second electrode DE have an in-plane electrode configuration that controls the horizontal flow of particles 22k, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the electrodes RE and DE may be driven by a passive matrix type wiring and driving element, a segment type wiring and driving element for static driving, or include a plurality of MOS transistors, as is well known in the art. It can be driven by an active matrix.
  • these driving circuits may be formed on at least one of a base layer on which the electrodes RE and DE are formed, for example, the substrate 23, the base substrate 10, and the upper substrate 24. have.
  • the second electrode DE may be located above the photonic crystal structures 10R, 10G, and 10B, but is not limited thereto.
  • the second electrode DE may be a photonic crystal structure 10R, 10G as a dielectric. , 10B).
  • the second electrode DE may be indium-tin-oxide (ITO) or tin fluoride (Fluorinated).
  • transparent electrodes such as tin oxide (FTO), indium oxide (IO), and tin oxide (SnO 2 ).
  • Electrodes RE and DE may be formed on the substrate 23 through a sputtering or chemical vapor deposition process, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the electrodes RE and DE may be formed on the base substrate 10 or on another substrate 24.
  • the electrodes RE and DE may be formed on the partitions 35.
  • Electrodes RE and DE may be referred to as reset electrodes RE or driving electrodes DE, respectively, as described below.
  • these names are exemplary, and may be designed differently according to the driving method of the electrodes RE and DE, and the present invention is not limited by these names.
  • the incident state of the incident light transmitted to the photonic crystal structures 10R, 10G, and 10B by adjusting the distribution state of the electrophoretic particles 22k dispersed in the cavity V1 in the vertical mode, the in-plane mode, or a combination thereof.
  • the electrodes RE and DE are sufficient as long as they can have a configuration suitable for this, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the black particles 22k have a polarity and each subpixel in turn has a red, green, and blue photonic crystal structure to start the driving method of the display apparatus 100.
  • a voltage of + polarity is applied to the first electrode RE of the red and blue subpixels PX1 and PX3, for example, +10 V and the second electrode DE is applied to the first electrode RE.
  • a polarity voltage for example-10 V
  • a voltage of -polarity for example -10V
  • a voltage of + polarity for example, 10V
  • black particles 22k are collected on the first electrode RE to open an optical path in the cavities V1 and V3.
  • the incident light I is transmitted to the photonic crystal structures 10R, 10G, and 10B through the cavities V1 and V3, and the light I R and I B having the corresponding wavelength or frequency is reflected therefrom and the viewer Will be delivered to (1).
  • the first electrode RE is an electrode collecting particles 22k and may be referred to as a reset electrode.
  • the green sub-pixel PX2 black particles 22k are dispersed on the second electrode DE. Accordingly, the incident light I passing through the cavity V2 is not all shielded by the black electrophoretic particles 22k and transmitted to the photonic crystal structure 10G, and thus, the optical state of the sub pixel PX2. Is turned off. As a result, the information displayed to the observer 1 will be a mixed color of red and blue according to the additive color mixture of the respective subpixels PX1, PX2, PX3.
  • the second electrode DE may be referred to as a driving electrode because it allows the viewer 1 to see the particles 22k.
  • the green subpixel PX2 of FIG. 1 is applied by applying a negative voltage to the first electrode RE of all the subpixels PX1, PX2, and PX3, and applying a positive voltage to the second electrode DE.
  • the electrophoretic particles 22k are dispersed on the surface of the second electrode DE of the other subpixels PX1 and PX3, thereby reflecting all the incident light I. The light can be removed.
  • the black state thus obtained is obtained by the black particles 22k and is substantially black.
  • the electrophoretic particles 22k of the electrophoretic array layer 20 of the present invention do not perform a simple light shutter function of controlling the light transmitted or reflected to the photoconversion layer 10, but the electrophoretic particles 22k. Information can be displayed by itself.
  • the electrophoretic particles 22k can be distinguished from the liquid crystal layer which is the optical shutter member of the conventional liquid crystal display device. Specifically, in the case of the liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal layer alone cannot provide a substantial black color and a high viewing angle. However, according to the present invention, the black particles can realize a contrast ratio and a viewing angle close to paper.
  • the electrophoretic particles 22k may provide memory characteristics of display information.
  • the display device 100 may further include a black matrix 26.
  • An opening is defined in the display surface VP by the black matrix 26, and the incident light I is transmitted to the light conversion layer 10 through the opening.
  • the black matrix 26 is formed. It defines a particle storage area that conceals particles 22k to the observer 1. That is, in the display apparatus 100, a partial region (the region surrounded by the dashed line DL) in the cavities V1, V2, and V3 covered by the black matrix 26 may be a particle storage region.
  • the black matrix 26 may be formed of a metal such as chromium having excellent light shielding properties, or a polymer resin material such as polyethylene or polystyrene containing dyes and / or pigments.
  • the black matrix 26 may be a photosensitive resin composition capable of a photolithography process.
  • these materials are exemplary and the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the black matrix 26 may be formed of inorganic materials such as metal oxides and ceramics.
  • the display apparatus 100 may include a backlight unit having one or more light sources DO, which may excite the photonic crystal structures 10R, 10G, and 10B, or provide transmitted light to improve brightness.
  • BL may be further included.
  • the light source DO may be a cold cathode lamp or an LED, and the location thereof may be provided in the form of a direct type or an edge using a light guide plate as is well known in the art.
  • the particles 22k in the electrophoretic array layer 20 apply the appropriate voltages to the electrodes RE, DE to induce a desired dispersion state and then remove the power source, even though the electrodes RE, DE and particles are removed. Dispersion may be maintained by factors such as van der Waals forces between (22k). Accordingly, the information transmitted to the observer 1 through the display surface VP is maintained even after the power is removed.
  • the memory characteristic of the display information due to the bi-stability of the electrophoretic particles 22k enables the information to be provided without flashing of the subpixels, thereby minimizing the power consumption of the display apparatus 100. Provide an advantage.
  • 3A and 3B are cross-sectional views illustrating display apparatuses 200A and 200B according to other exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
  • components having the same reference numerals as those of FIG. 1 may refer to the features disclosed with reference to FIG. 1 unless there is a contradiction, and will be omitted below.
  • the display apparatuses 200A and 200B are single particle systems including only one kind of particles 22w similar to the display apparatus 100 of FIG. 1. However, unlike the display apparatus 100 of FIG. 1 using the black particles 22k, the display apparatuses 200A and 200B use the white electrophoretic particles 22w.
  • the white particles 22w may also be formed by a pigment and a resin or a combination of two or more thereof.
  • Pigments for white particles are, for example, titanium oxide, antimony trioxide, zinc sulfide, zinc oxide, barium sulfate, barium titanium oxide (barium) titania, kaolin, silicon oxide, calcium oxide, calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), or mixtures thereof.
  • the resin for white particles may comprise the aforementioned materials applicable to black particles.
  • the photonic crystal structure of each of the subpixels PX1, PX2, and PX3 is red and green, respectively.
  • the optical states due to the reflected light are red (I R ), white (I W ), and blue (I B ), respectively, so that the information displayed to the observer 1 is shown in FIG. 1. It will be a mixed color of red and blue with greater brightness than color.
  • the photonic crystal structures 10R, 10G, and 10B can realize white color by the additive color method. That is, when all of the electrophoretic particles 22w are collected in the particle storage region (in the embodiment shown, which is the lower region of the black matrix 26), the incident light I is transmitted to the photoconversion layer 10 If red, green and blue light are reflected in all the sub pixels PX1, PX2 and PX3, respectively, white light can be obtained by the sum of these reflected lights. However, the white light obtained only in the optical states of the photonic crystal structures 10R, 10G, and 10B in this way is generally gray with a weak color or low brightness.
  • the color saturation of the photonic crystal structure and the white expression power by the additive color method are in a trade-off relationship with each other.
  • the optical bandgap is designed such that each photonic crystal structure has a high wavelength (or frequency) selectivity, the reflected lights I R and I obtained by the optical band gap are obtained.
  • White light by the sum of G , I B ) inevitably cannot have a reasonable range of continuous wavelengths. The resulting white light is close to gray or has some color.
  • the above-mentioned photonic crystal structure is for red, green, and blue, it is as described above that the photonic crystal structure of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the trade-off relationship of color saturation and white expression power which is seen in this photonic crystal structure, can be solved by the white particles 22w of the electrophoretic array layer 20 according to the present embodiment.
  • all white particles 22w are charged to have a positive polarity, and a positive voltage is applied to the first electrode RE and a second electrode DE.
  • a voltage is applied to ()
  • all of the white particles 22w in each of the cavities V1, V2, and V3 will be dispersed onto the second electrode DE.
  • the incident light I is reflected by the white particles 22w over all the sub pixels PX1, PX2, and PX3, and the white light obtained thereby becomes a high quality white color having the maximum brightness.
  • white is displayed by the white electrophoretic particles 22w, white having high brightness while improving color saturation due to the photonic crystal structures I R , I G , and I B is obtained. I can display it.
  • the display apparatus 200B of FIG. 3B is distinguished in the electrode configuration from the display apparatus 200A of FIG. 3A.
  • the electrodes for flowing the particles 22w are the first electrode (TE, or upper electrode) and cavity (V1, V2, V3) disposed on the light path above the cavities (V1, V2, V3). It may include a second electrode (RE, a reset electrode) offset on the optical path of the lower portion of the).
  • the first electrode TE may be a separate electrode, and optionally, a common electrode shared by neighboring sub-pixels and pixels.
  • the information displayed to the observer 1 by the distribution state of the particles 22w will be substantially equivalent to the information represented by the display apparatus 200A of FIG. 3A.
  • the second electrode RE of the first and third sub-pixels PX1 and PX3 has a negative voltage in order to obtain the particle distribution shown in FIG. 3B.
  • the first electrode TE may be grounded or a potential greater than the potential applied to the second electrode RE may be applied.
  • a negative voltage may be applied to the first electrode TE, and a potential larger than the potential applied to the first electrode TE may be applied to the second electrode RE. There will be.
  • the display apparatus 200B of FIG. 3B may also display high-quality white light having the maximum brightness.
  • high-quality white light having the maximum brightness.
  • ⁇ voltage is applied to the first electrode TE and + voltage is applied to the second electrode RE
  • the white particles 22w in the respective cavities V1, V2, and V3. Are all dispersed on the first electrode TE.
  • the incident light I is reflected by the white particles 22w over all the sub pixels PX1, PX2, and PX3, and the white light obtained thereby becomes a high quality white color having the maximum brightness.
  • the photonic crystal structures 10R, 10G, and 10B may be passive photonic crystal materials in which the optical bandgap has time-invariant characteristics.
  • the photonic crystal structures 10R, 10G, 10B are active where the optical bandgap can be freely adjusted by externally applied stimuli, eg, electric field, magnetic field, pressure or heat.
  • a fluorescence crystal material. 4A to 4B exemplarily illustrate the change in color of the photonic crystal structure by controlling the optical band gap by controlling the microstructure of the photonic crystal structure.
  • 4A and 4B are materials having the same lattice structure, but the lattice constants are different from L1 and L2, respectively. Where L1> L2.
  • Such a change in the lattice constant can be obtained, for example, by forming the photonic crystal structure with a piezoelectric material and applying a suitable control voltage.
  • the lattice constant is L1
  • the long wavelength reflected light I S can be obtained
  • the lattice constant is L2
  • the short wavelength reflected light I T can be obtained.
  • the white particles 22w of the green subpixel PX2 are also the same as the white particles 22w of the red and blue subpixels PX1 and PX3. If collected at the reset electrode RE and the photonic crystal structures 10R and 10B are actively controlled to have a full optical band gap, black information may be displayed through the display surface VP.
  • Electrodes, magnets, stressors, or heaters for actively adjusting the optical bandgap of the photonic crystal structures 10R, 10G, and 10B are not shown, but contact or adjoin the photonic crystal structure on the first substrate 10. Can be installed properly. It will also be appreciated that, if desired, these members can be coupled to an active matrix drive element comprising a transistor so that these members can be addressed independently. These active matrix drive elements, as is well known in the art, are coupled to intersections and interconnections having a plurality of rows and columns on the photoconversion layer 10 or on another substrate 23. By forming a transistor, coupling an electrode to one end of a source / drain of the transistor, and contacting the electrode to a corresponding photonic crystal structure.
  • 5A through 5D are cross-sectional views illustrating display apparatuses 300, 400, 500, and 600 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Components having the same reference numerals in these figures may refer to features disclosed with reference to the preceding figures, unless contradicted, and will be omitted below.
  • the display apparatus 300 is a two-particle system including two kinds of electrophoretic particles 22w and 22k.
  • the particles 22k and 22w in the cavities V1, V2 and V3 may be, for example, white particles 22w and black particles 22k having different electrophoretic mobility. That is, the white particles 22w and the black particles 22k may have different polarity or different electrophoretic mobility even though their polarities are the same, because their charge amount or mass is different.
  • the display apparatus 300 may have three or more electrodes to independently drive the electrophoretic particles 22w and 22k having two different polarities.
  • the electrodes may have a first electrode (referred to as TE or an upper electrode) disposed on an optical path above the cavities V1, V2, and V3.
  • the first electrode TE may be a common electrode shared by two or more adjacent subpixels PX1, PX2, and PX3.
  • a third electrode RE2 disposed on the bottom of the cavities V1, V2, and V3 and spaced apart on the same plane as the second electrode RE1 and the second electrode RE1 offset on the optical path.
  • the third electrode RE2 may be offset on the optical path.
  • Both the second and third electrodes RE1 and RE2 may be individual electrodes, or any one of them may be a common electrode shared by two or more adjacent subpixels.
  • the white particles 22w are charged to have a + polarity
  • the black particles 22k are charged to have a-polarity.
  • all of the first electrodes TE may be grounded.
  • + voltage for example, + 10 V
  • ⁇ voltage for example, ⁇ 10 V
  • a positive voltage for example, +10 V may be applied to both the second electrode RE1 and the third electrode RE2. If necessary, the magnitudes of the voltages applied to the second electrode RE1 and the third electrode RE2 may be different from each other.
  • a high + voltage eg, + 10 V
  • a weak + voltage eg, +5 V
  • This voltage configuration can further ensure separation of the particles 22w and 22k of different polarities, and can further narrow the dispersion state of the particles 22k collected in the particle storage region.
  • a negative voltage may be applied to both the second electrode RE1 and the third electrode RE2.
  • the magnitudes of the voltages applied to the second electrode RE1 and the third electrode RE2 may be different from each other.
  • a large voltage for example, -10V
  • a small voltage for example, -5V
  • the voltage applied to each electrode is exemplary and the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the display device 300 may simultaneously realize a high quality white display and a black state. For example, when the particles 22k and 22w are distributed to all the subpixels PX1, PX2 and PX3 like the green subpixel PX2, high quality white display by the white particles 22w is possible. Become. In addition, when the particles 22k and 22w are distributed to all the subpixels PX1, PX2 and PX3 like the blue subpixel PX3, high quality black display by the black particles 22w is possible.
  • Such high quality white and black states are generally difficult to achieve with only the photoconversion layer 10 by the photonic crystal structures 10R, 10G, and 10B, but by laminating the electrophoretic array layer 20 as in the present embodiments, High contrast and color saturation at the same level can be obtained simultaneously.
  • FIGS. 5B to 5D display devices 400 having the same curly display capability as those of the display device 300 of FIG. 5A, and operating modes of the electrophoretic particles 22w and 22k are different according to respective electrode arrangements and structures. , 500, 600) are illustrated.
  • the electrodes may have a first electrode (referred to as CE or upper electrode) disposed on an optical path above the cavities V1, V2, and V3.
  • the first electrode CE illustrates a common electrode shared by two or more adjacent subpixels PX1, PX2, and PX3 and pixels.
  • the first electrode CE may be an individual electrode TE that can be independently addressed.
  • a third electrode disposed on the bottom of the cavities V1, V2, and V3 and spaced apart on the same plane as the second electrode RE1 and the second electrode RE1 offset on the optical path. RE2) may be arranged. Similar to the second electrode RE1, the third electrode RE2 may be offset on the optical path.
  • the second and third electrodes RE1 and RE2 of FIG. 5B are spaced apart from each other with the photonic crystal structures 10R, 10G, and 10B interposed therebetween.
  • the second and third electrodes RE1 and RE2 may both be individual electrodes or one of them may be a common electrode shared by adjacent subpixels.
  • the particle collection state can be achieved, and thus the observer 1 can observe the color of the photonic crystal structure. (See red sub-pixel PX1). Voltages of the same polarity may be applied to the second electrode RE1 and the third electrode RE2, and the green sub-pixels may be formed according to the electric field direction between the electrodes RE1 and RE2 and the first electrode CE. White I w may be displayed as in PX2 or black may be displayed as in blue sub-pixel PX3.
  • the third electrode RE2 is disposed to face the first electrodes TE and CE and has a photonic crystal structure 10R. , 10G, 10B).
  • the overlapping third electrode RE2 is equalized from the distribution state of the particles dispersed on the first electrode TE, or by controlling the pulse width of the voltage applied for brightness control from the first electrode TE. The distance between the particles 22w and 22k may be controlled.
  • a portion of the third electrode RE2 may extend by a distance d below the black matrix 26 to overlap the black matrix 26.
  • a strong electric field is applied between the portion of the third electrode RE2 and the second electrode RE1, the particles are all collected into the particle storage region, whereby the photonic crystal structure is exposed to the first sub-pixel PX1 as shown. Display information will be displayed.
  • this electrode configuration since the vertical flow of the particles can be controlled by collecting the particles and controlling the pulse width, there is an advantage that gray scales can be expressed using only three electrodes.
  • the electrodes are spaced apart on the same plane as the first electrode TE1 and the first electrode TE1, which are disposed on an optical path above the cavities V1, V2, and V3.
  • the second electrode TE2 is offset on the optical path and the third electrode RE1 is offset on the optical path below the cavities V1, V2, and V3.
  • the second electrode TE2 may be formed of an opaque layer to replace the black matrix 26.
  • the display apparatus 600 may further include a fourth electrode RE2 disposed on the same plane as the third electrode RE1 with the photonic crystal structures 10R, 10G, and 10B interposed therebetween.
  • the first electrode TE When a strong electric field is applied between the second electrode TE2 and the third electrode RE1 and / or between the second electrode TE2 and the fourth electrode RE2, for example, the first electrode TE When grounded, -10V is applied to the second electrode RE1 and + 10V is applied to the third electrode, as illustrated in the red sub-pixel PX1, the particles 22w and 22k form these electrodes. Can be collected in between. As illustrated in the green sub-pixel PX2, when a strong electric field is applied between the first electrode TE1 and the third electrode RE1, for example, ⁇ 10 V is applied to the first electrode TE1.
  • the second electrode TE2 When + 10 V is applied to the third electrode, the second electrode TE2 is grounded, white particles 22w are dispersed on the first electrode TE, and black particles (3) are disposed on the third electrode RE1. 22k) will be collected. If a strong electric field is applied between the first electrode TE1 and the third electrode RE1 opposite the electric field illustrated in the blue subpixel PX3, the particles 22w as in the blue subpixel PX3. , 22k) will be reversed.
  • the third electrode RE1 and the fourth electrode RE2 illustrate separate electrodes, but in another embodiment, the third electrode RE1 and the fourth electrode RE2 are electrically connected to each other.
  • the third electrode RE1 and the fourth electrode RE2 may have a shape surrounding and enclosing the photonic crystal structures 10R, 10G, and 10B at the center thereof. have.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a display apparatus 700 according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • components having the same reference numerals as those of the previous drawings may refer to the features disclosed with reference to the previous drawings unless otherwise indicated, and will be omitted below.
  • the pixel PX is implemented by one photonic crystal structure 10X.
  • the photonic crystal structure 10X is an active photonic crystal structure.
  • As the active photonic crystal structure a suitable photonic crystal structure capable of realizing red, green, and blue according to external stimulation may be selected.
  • the electrophoretic array layer 20 is stacked on the light conversion layer 10.
  • the electrophoretic cell constituting the electrophoretic array layer 20 may include a cavity V disposed one by one for each pixel PX.
  • the electrophoretic cell may be a two particle system having both black particles 22k and white particles 22w.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto and may be a one-particle system having any one of black particles 22k and white particles 22w as described above.
  • the light conversion layer 10 and the electrophoretic array layer 20 may independently display information.
  • the incident light I transmitted to the light conversion layer 10 through the opening of the display surface VP is collected by the particles 22k and 22w in the particle storage region.
  • reflected light I X having a suitable wavelength or frequency may be transmitted to the observer 1 depending on the varying optical bandgap of the photonic crystal structure 10X.
  • predetermined color information can be displayed only with the photonic crystal structure 10X without the help of the electrophoretic array layer 20.
  • this information can be displayed by electrophoretic particles 22k and 22w.
  • the white and black particles 22k and 22w of the electrophoretic array layer 20 are driven to have a dispersion state such as the cavities V2 and V3 of FIG. 5C.
  • a monochrome display device with contrast can be implemented.
  • Different driving methods of the display device according to color driving and black and white driving that is, independently operating the electrophoretic array layer and the light conversion layer may be helpful in terms of power consumption.
  • color driving since the photonic crystal structure does not have memory characteristics, continuous power supply is required to display the same color information.
  • black and white driving only an electrophoretic array layer having memory characteristics may be used, and power input to the light conversion layer is cut off, and only the electrophoretic array layer is driven, thereby minimizing power consumption in actual applications.
  • Such an advantage cannot be obtained in a display using liquid crystal as an optical shutter structure like a conventional LCD display.
  • the electrophoretic particles according to the embodiment of the present invention may display information by themselves. That is, as described above, the white and black electrophoretic particles can provide high quality white or black representations and thus high contrast.
  • the features of the display devices for example, particle type, configuration and shape of the electrode, may be combined or replaced with each other as long as there is no contradiction, and such embodiments are also within the scope of the present invention. It should be understood that it is included.
  • the features described with reference to FIGS. 5A to 5D may be applied.
  • electrophoretic particles it is possible to use color particles instead of or in combination with the above-mentioned white and / or black particles, wherein the color particles are combined with the color of the photonic crystal structure, for example, by sub-color mixing.
  • Each pixel may implement a specific color.
  • the illustrated embodiment discloses a one or two particle system, this is exemplary and may have a particle system having three or more kinds of electrophoretic particles.
  • the electrophoretic array layer is laminated on a photoconversion layer having a photonic crystal structure displaying color, thereby utilizing the optical advantages of the photonic crystal structure to realize display quality with excellent color expressiveness and contrast ratio, while achieving electrophoresis.
  • a display device capable of high contrast ratio and high quality white and / or black expression by particles and low power driving can be provided.

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Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à un dispositif d'affichage qui présente une structure cristalline photonique. Le dispositif d'affichage selon un mode de réalisation de la présente invention comprend : une couche de conversion photoélectrique qui comprend une pluralité de régions de pixel qui présentent une structure cristalline photonique pour afficher une couleur ; et une couche de réseau de cellules électrophorétiques empilée sur la couche de conversion photoélectrique et comprenant une pluralité de cellules électrophorétiques offrant une surface d'affichage. Chaque cellule électrophorétique de la pluralité de cellules électrophorétiques comprend : une cavité dont au moins une partie est transparente par rapport à la lumière de telle sorte que la cavité offre un trajet par rapport à une lumière incidente transmise dans la structure cristalline photonique d'une région de pixel de la pluralité de régions de pixel et à une lumière réfléchie depuis la structure cristalline photonique ; un fluide diélectrique qui est rempli dans la cavité ; au moins un type de particule électrophorétique dispersé dans le fluide diélectrique ; et des électrodes qui transmettent un champ électrique afin qu'un flux de particules électrophorétiques ouvre ou ferme une partie du trajet optique ou tout le trajet optique.
PCT/KR2011/002099 2011-03-18 2011-03-25 Dispositif d'affichage présentant une structure cristalline photonique WO2012128408A1 (fr)

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CN106249503A (zh) * 2016-09-19 2016-12-21 广州奥翼电子科技股份有限公司 用于显示装置的光学元件及电泳显示器
US11402622B2 (en) * 2018-03-14 2022-08-02 Beijing Boe Display Technology Co., Ltd. Display panel, method for driving the same, and display device
CN115113453A (zh) * 2022-07-27 2022-09-27 惠科股份有限公司 显示面板

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WO2016159655A1 (fr) * 2015-03-30 2016-10-06 동진홀딩스 주식회사 Fenêtre intelligente
KR102390960B1 (ko) 2015-06-05 2022-04-27 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 표시 장치
KR20220049364A (ko) * 2020-10-14 2022-04-21 동우 화인켐 주식회사 전기영동 디스플레이 장치 및 이의 제조방법
KR20230048882A (ko) * 2021-10-05 2023-04-12 주식회사 영광와이케이엠씨 구조색 가변성 광결정 복합소재 및 이의 제조방법

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