WO2012128495A2 - Dispositif d'affichage électrophorétique multicolore et procédé pour exciter ledit dispositif - Google Patents

Dispositif d'affichage électrophorétique multicolore et procédé pour exciter ledit dispositif Download PDF

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WO2012128495A2
WO2012128495A2 PCT/KR2012/001805 KR2012001805W WO2012128495A2 WO 2012128495 A2 WO2012128495 A2 WO 2012128495A2 KR 2012001805 W KR2012001805 W KR 2012001805W WO 2012128495 A2 WO2012128495 A2 WO 2012128495A2
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color
electrode
particles
electrophoretic particles
black
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PCT/KR2012/001805
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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WO2012128495A3 (fr
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김철환
이용의
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주식회사 이미지앤머터리얼스
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Publication of WO2012128495A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012128495A3/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1676—Electrodes
    • G02F1/16762—Electrodes having three or more electrodes per pixel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
    • G02F1/167—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1685—Operation of cells; Circuit arrangements affecting the entire cell
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1676—Electrodes
    • G02F1/16766—Electrodes for active matrices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1677—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. reflectors or illuminating devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1679—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells; Filling or closing of cells
    • G02F1/1681—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells; Filling or closing of cells having two or more microcells partitioned by walls, e.g. of microcup type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/3433—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices
    • G09G3/344—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices based on particles moving in a fluid or in a gas, e.g. electrophoretic devices
    • G09G3/3446—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices based on particles moving in a fluid or in a gas, e.g. electrophoretic devices with more than two electrodes controlling the modulating element

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to display technology, and more particularly, to a multi-color electrophoretic display device and a driving method thereof.
  • an electrophoretic display device uses a phenomenon in which charged particles move by an electric field applied between two electrodes.
  • the particles may have one kind of color or two or more kinds of colors.
  • the polarities of these particles are generally opposite to each other, but can be independently controlled by the difference in electrophoretic mobility even though they have the same polarity.
  • the electrode structure and driving method for controlling them become extremely complicated. Therefore, it is essential for the multi-color electrophoretic display device to secure various color expression powers with only a small number of particles in the electrophoretic display device.
  • the present invention has been made in an effort to provide a multi-color electrophoretic display device having a two-particle system in which color brightness is controlled and black and white display is easy.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for driving a multi-color electrophoretic display device having a two-particle system.
  • a multi-color electrophoretic display device comprising: a first substrate providing a display surface and a second substrate facing the first substrate; A plurality of cavities formed between the first and second substrates; A color fluid filled in a cavity constituting a color sub pixel among the cavities; White electrophoretic particles dispersed in the color fluid and black electrophoretic particles having electrophoretic mobility different from the white electrophoretic particles; And a plurality of electrodes for controlling the brightness of color of the color fluid by adjusting a relative ratio of the white electrophoretic particles and the black electrophoretic particles visible through the display surface in the cavity.
  • the color fluid is colored only with a dye, thereby ensuring color reproduction and lifespan.
  • the relative ratio of the white electrophoretic particles and the black electrophoretic particles may be achieved by adjusting a relative distance of the white electrophoretic particles and the black electrophoretic particles with respect to the display surface.
  • the plurality of electrodes comprises: a first electrode disposed on the display surface; A second electrode disposed on the second substrate to face the first electrode; And a third electrode disposed on the second substrate and spaced apart from the second electrode to collect at least one kind of particles, wherein the third electrode is disposed by an electric field between the first electrode and the second electrode.
  • White electrophoretic particles and black electrophoretic particles may flow vertically between the first substrate and the second substrate. The relative distance between the white electrophoretic particles and the black electrophoretic particles may be controlled by changing a width of a voltage pulse applied to any one of the first and second electrodes.
  • the plurality of electrodes may further include a fourth electrode between the second electrode and the third electrode.
  • the third electrode may be an individual electrode or a common electrode. An area of the third electrode may be smaller than an area of the second electrode.
  • the multi-color electrophoretic display device may further include a black matrix defining a particle storage area on the first substrate.
  • a part of the second electrode overlaps the black matrix, and a part of the second electrode overlapping the black matrix serves to collect all of the particles together with the third electrode to the particle storage region. You may.
  • a driving method of a multi-color electrophoretic display device including: a first substrate providing a display surface and a second substrate facing the first substrate; A plurality of cavities formed between the first and second substrates; A color fluid filled in a cavity constituting a color sub pixel among the cavities; A method of driving a multi-color electrophoretic display device comprising white electrophoretic particles dispersed in the color fluid and black electrophoretic particles having electrophoretic mobility different from the white electrophoretic particles.
  • the driving method includes a first step of defining a reference brightness value of a color of a color subpixel; A second step of receiving image information including brightness information of a color corresponding to each subpixel of an image to be displayed; A third step of increasing the relative ratio of the white electrophoretic particles to the black electrophoretic particles seen through the display surface when the brightness information of the color is greater than the reference brightness value: and the brightness information of the color And a fourth step of increasing the relative ratio of the black electrophoretic particles to the white electrophoretic particles seen through the display surface when less than the reference brightness value.
  • the relative ratio of the white electrophoretic particles and the black electrophoretic particles seen through the display surface may be achieved by adjusting the relative distance of the white electrophoretic particles and the black electrophoretic particles with respect to the display surface.
  • the reference brightness value is an optical state of any kind of particles dispersed on the second electrode of the first electrophoretic particles and the second electrophoretic particles and the optical state of the color fluid of the color subpixel.
  • FIG. 1A is a HSL RGB color space model representing color
  • FIG. 1B is a limited HSL color space model implemented by a conventional color electrophoretic display device.
  • FIGS. 2A to 2D are cross-sectional views schematically illustrating a structure and a brightness control mechanism of a multi-color electrophoretic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure and brightness control mechanism of the multi-color electrophoretic display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure and a brightness control mechanism of a multi-color electrophoretic display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • first, second, etc. are used herein to describe various members, parts, regions, and / or parts, these members, parts, regions, and / or parts should not be limited by these terms. Is self-explanatory. These terms are only used to distinguish one member, part, region or part from another region or part. Thus, the first member, part, region, or portion, which will be described below, may refer to the second member, component, region, or portion without departing from the teachings of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1A is an HSL RGB color space model (CM, hereinafter referred to as color space model) representing color
  • FIG. 1B is a limited HSL color space model (LCM) implemented by a conventional color electrophoretic display device.
  • CM HSL RGB color space model
  • LCD limited HSL color space model
  • any color can be defined as Hue, H, Saturation, S, and Lightness L in the color space model CM.
  • these H, S and L values can be represented by a cylinder coordinate system.
  • the color value H is expressed in degrees.
  • different colors may be defined as relative placement angles. For example, green (G) is present at a position rotated by 120 degrees with respect to red (R), and blue (B) is present at a position rotated by 240 degrees with respect to red.
  • the saturation value S represents the degree of thickening when the darkest state of a specific color is 100%. At saturation value 0%, it becomes achromatic, or gray, having the same brightness.
  • the brightness value L represents the degree of brightness when black is set to 0 and white is set to 1, and in the color space model (CM), the brightness of red (R), green (G) and blue (B) is determined. May be promised to be 0.5.
  • black (K) defines the bottom vertex of the color space model (CM).
  • white (W) defines the vertex above the color space model (CM).
  • the color space model CM can be defined as a double cone as shown in FIG. 1A.
  • color particles such as red, green and red particles
  • Such a color particle system may have a configuration in which black particles are dispersed together with the color particles as necessary.
  • each color particle can reflect only a partial wavelength band of the incident light, and thus the additive color mixing method.
  • the color represented by is generally not white but becomes gray. This means that in the case of the conventional color electrophoretic display device, color can be implemented only within a limited color space model (LCM) having a brightness value of less than 1 as shown in FIG. 1B.
  • LCD limited color space model
  • the following embodiments can adjust the brightness values of the colors implemented in one subpixel or by adjacent subpixels substantially from 0 to 1, so as to approximate or satisfy the ideal color model CM of FIG. 1A. Color reproducibility can be obtained.
  • FIGS. 2A to 2D are cross-sectional views schematically illustrating a structure and a brightness control mechanism of the multi-color electrophoretic display device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electrophoretic display apparatus 100 includes a first substrate 10 (the upper substrate in this drawing) and a second substrate 20 facing the first substrate 10 (the lower substrate in this drawing). ). Any one or both of the upper substrate 10 and the lower substrate 20 may be a transparent substrate. Optionally, the substrates 10 and 20 may be formed of a resin-based material to have a lightweight flexibility.
  • the upper substrate 10 of the illustrated electrophoretic display apparatus 100 may be transparent and may provide a display surface VP through which the observer 1 can view the displayed information.
  • the lower substrate 20 may include a plurality of MOS transistors disposed in a known driving member, for example, data lines and gate lines formed of a plurality of rows ⁇ a plurality of columns, and regions where the lines intersect. It may include an active matrix layer comprising. However, the active matrix is exemplary, and the driving member of the electrophoretic display apparatus 100 may be a passive matrix type wiring and driving element or a segment type wiring and driving element for static driving. If necessary, the upper substrate 10 may also include a driving member for driving the upper electrode described later.
  • a plurality of partition walls 30, which are separation members, may be disposed between the substrates 10 and 20.
  • the space between the substrates 10 and 20 is divided by the plurality of partitions 30 in a direction parallel to the main surfaces of the substrates 10 and 20, and the cavities V are divided by the divided small spaces.
  • Each cavity V, alone or in combination with other adjacent one or more cavities, may constitute one sub-pixel or pixel.
  • the cavities V constitute one subpixel PX1, PX2, PX3, respectively. These subpixels PX1, PX2, and PX3 may gather to provide one color pixel PX.
  • these cavities may have a polygon, such as a triangle, a square, a pentagon, a hexagon, or a circle and an elliptical cross section from the observer 1, and may be arranged in various known patterns such as a stripe and a honeycomb shape. This is not limited to this.
  • the separating member defining the cavities V may have, for example, a known microcapsule or microcup structure in addition to the partition structure 30 shown.
  • These partitions and capsules may be formed using various polymer materials such as, for example, polyethylene, polystyrene, polycarbonate, epoxy resin, silicone resin, melamine resin, acrylic resin, phenol resin, and silkscreen And embossing processes, photolithography, ultraviolet irradiation, laser drilling and emulsification processes.
  • the cavity V is filled with color fluids CU1, CU2, and CU3 having a color corresponding to each pixel.
  • the colors of the fluids CU1, CU2, and CU3 may have three primary colors, red (R), green (G), and blue (B), corresponding to the color space model CM of FIG. 1A.
  • the colors of the fluids CU1, CU2, CU3 may be cyan, magenta and yellow.
  • the color of such a fluid is exemplary, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • Color fluids CU1, CU2, CU3 are single or mixed dielectric solvents.
  • the color fluids CU1, CU2, CU3 have a low viscosity to increase the mobility of the particles WP, KP dispersed in these fluids, and have a dielectric constant of about 2 to 30, preferably 2 to 15 Can have.
  • the dielectric solvents include hydrocarbons such as decahydronaphtahlene (DECALIN), 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene, fatty oils, paraffin oils and toluene, xylene, phenylsilylethane Aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene or alkylnaphthalene, and perfluorodecalin, perfluororoluene, and perfluoroxylene, which are exemplary and the present invention is limited thereto. It is not.
  • hydrocarbons such as decahydronaphtahlene (DECALIN), 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene, fatty oils, paraffin oils and toluene, xylene, phenylsilylethane
  • Aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene or alkylnaphthalene, and perfluorodecalin, perfluororoluene, and perfluoroxylene, which are exemplary and the
  • Fluids CU1, CU2, CU3 can be colored by dyes.
  • the dye is a known dye material that is affinity or reactive to these fluids.
  • nonionic azo or anddraquinone series dyes are useful.
  • the dyes are commercial acid dyes, oil-soluble dyes, disperse dyes, reactive dyes, direct dyes or these It may be a mixed composition of.
  • the fluids CU1, CU2 and CU3 may be charged with a charge-controlling agent, a cationic or anionic surfactant, a metal soap, a resin material, a metal-based coupling agent and a stabilizing agent, The same various functional materials can be further added.
  • the dyes for coloring the fluids CU1, CU2, CU3 are distinguished from color pigments conventionally used in color electrophoretic display devices.
  • Conventional color pigments are organic or inorganic particles and are usually charged or electrically neutral.
  • the color pigments are generally distinguished from the dyes in terms of their behavior in that they disperse without melting in the fluid.
  • the color fluids CU1, CU2, CU3 are distinguished from conventional color electrophoretic display devices in that they are colored by dyes, not the color pigments.
  • conventional color pigment particles have been used to implement color fluids.
  • the dispersion state of the pigment particles cannot be controlled.
  • the dispersion state of the color pigment particles changes with use, so that the color of the color fluid gradually deteriorates with time, and eventually accurate color display becomes impossible.
  • white particles WP and black particles KP which are electrophoretic particles having different electrophoretic mobility in common, are dispersed.
  • the white particles WP and the black particles KP may have different polarities from each other, or may have electrophoretic mobility that is different from each other even though they have the same polarity.
  • the white particles WP and the black particles KP may be formed by a pigment and a resin or a combination of two or more thereof.
  • Pigments for white particles are, for example, titanium oxide, antimony trioxide, zinc sulfide, zinc oxide, barium sulfate, barium titanium oxide (barium) titania, kaolin, silicon oxide, calcium oxide, calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), or mixtures thereof.
  • the pigment for black particles may be, for example, carbon black, copper oxide, manganese dioxide, aniline black, activated carbon, neo super black, sudan black, or a mixed composition thereof.
  • the resin that can be applied to the particles (WP, KP) is urethane resin, urea resin, acrylic resin, polyester resin, acrylic urethane resin ), Acrylic urethane silicone resin, acrylic urethane fluoro-carbon polymers, acrylic fluorocarbon polymers, silicone resin, acrylic silicone resin resins, polystyrene resins, styrene acrylic resins, polyolefin resins, butyral resins, vinylydinene chloride resins, melamine resins resins, phenolic resins, fluorocarbon polymers, polycarbonate resins, polysulfon resins, polyether resins polymeric resin materials such as ther resin, polyethylene resin, and polyamide resin, and these materials may be used in combination of two or more materials.
  • the resin may be gelatin, alginic acid, latex polymer, polystyrene, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl butyral, polymethyl acrylate, polybutyl acrylate, polymethyl meta It may also be formed from other polymeric materials such as acrylates, polybutyl methacrylates.
  • the resin may have an inherent charge, but in some embodiments, a charge control suitable within or on the surface of the resin to actively control the polarity and charge of these particles (WP, KP). It is also possible to disperse or bind the agent (CCA).
  • anionic polyester is used as the resin to prepare white particles (WP) having a + polarity, and additional charge control agents such as Bontron P5 (available from Orient) can be used to control the amount of + charge. Can be.
  • additional charge control agents such as Bontron P5 (available from Orient) can be used to control the amount of + charge. Can be.
  • anionic polyester can be used as the resin, and Bontron E8 (available from Orient) can be added to adjust the amount of charge.
  • the first electrode CE is disposed on the display surface VP and may be referred to as an upper electrode.
  • the first electrode CE may be formed of indium tin oxide (ITO), tin oxide fluoride (FTO), indium oxide IO, and tin oxide SnO. 2 ) is a transparent electrode.
  • the first electrode CE may be a common electrode, or may be a separate electrode connected to a driving member and independently addressable as shown in the electrode TE of FIG. 3.
  • the plurality of electrodes may be spaced apart from the second electrode DE disposed on the second substrate 20 so as to face the first electrode CE, and spaced apart from the second electrode DE on the second substrate 20.
  • the second electrode DE opposite to the first electrode CE may be a separate electrode connected to a switching element such as a transistor of the active matrix layer and capable of independent addressing.
  • the first electrode CE and the second electrode DE may face each other to generate an electric field perpendicular to the main surfaces of the substrates 10 and 20.
  • the second electrode DE may provide a reflective surface to implement a reflective display device.
  • another third electrode RE may be provided spaced apart from and parallel to the second electrode DE.
  • the third electrode RE may be formed on the second substrate 20 or may extend on the side surface of the partition wall 30 to be supported by the partition wall 30.
  • the third electrode RE may be a separate electrode that is connected to the switching element like the second electrode DE and independently addressable, or a common electrode shared with other adjacent cells.
  • the third electrode RE may be applied with a voltage having a polarity opposite to that applied to the second electrode DE, such that at least one kind of particles are disposed on the third electrode RE.
  • an area of the third electrode RE may be smaller than an area of the second electrode DE.
  • the area R A of the area / individual electrode DE of the third electrode RE may be 0.01 ⁇ R A ⁇ 1.
  • the white particles WP have a + polarity and the black particles KP have a ⁇ polarity.
  • this is exemplary and these particles may have the opposite polarity or may have different electrophoretic mobility even though they have the same polarity.
  • the optical states of the pixels PX1, PX2, and PX3 are white, green, and white, respectively.
  • the color visible to the viewer by the entire pixel PX may be defined as G with a reference brightness value in the color space model shown in FIG. 1.
  • this definition may be relative.
  • an optical state such as FIG. 2B, that is, a state of black, green, and black, respectively, may be defined as G. That is, G may be defined as the color of all pixels PX seen by an observer when the adjacent red and blue subpixels PX1 and PX3 are turned off.
  • the green obtained from the particle distribution of FIG. 2A will be located on line GW, not G in the color space model CM of FIG. 1A.
  • one of the red and blue subpixels PX1 and PX3 may be defined as G having a reference brightness value, in which one is white (W) and the other is black (K). You will understand.
  • the common electrode CE is 0 V
  • the second electrode DE of the red and blue subpixels PX1 and PX3 has a positive voltage, for example.
  • 10 V may be applied
  • ⁇ voltage for example, ⁇ 10 V may be applied to the second electrode DE of the green sub-pixel PX2.
  • all of the particles WP and KP may be collected on the bottom surface of the sub-pixel, and the second electrode may be disposed on the third driving electrode RE.
  • a positive voltage for example + 10 V, opposite to the polarity of DE
  • a state in which particles are collected at the second electrode and the third electrode may be defined as a reset state.
  • the optical state of the color fluid in the reset state may define a reference brightness value of the color of each sub-pixel.
  • the potential of the third electrode RE of the red and blue subpixels PX1 and PX3 may be applied with a voltage having the same polarity as that of the adjacent second electrode DE or may be 0V.
  • the particle distribution shown in FIG. 2B can be obtained by applying a voltage of ⁇ 0 V, for example, to the second electrode DE of the red and blue sub pixels PX1 and PX3.
  • the particle distribution as shown in FIG. 2C can be derived to have an increased brightness value than green with a reference brightness value obtained in the particle distribution state of FIG. 2A.
  • the optical states of the pixels PX1, PX2, and PX3 of FIG. 2C may be white, green, and white with increased brightness.
  • the particle distribution state of FIG. 2A is defined as G
  • the color of FIG. 2C will be located on the line GW in the color space model CM of FIG. 1A.
  • Particle distribution of the red and blue subpixels PX1, PX3 can be achieved by applying the same potential to the drive electrodes DE, RE as the potential at the corresponding subpixel of FIG. 2A.
  • the white particles WP move from the bottom to the display surface VP by a predetermined distance, so that the white particles WP may be more visible through the display surface VP. have. That is, the relative ratio of the white particles WP to the black particles KP, which are visible through the display surface VP, is larger.
  • the brightness of the green subpixel PX2 increases, and the brightness of the green color implemented by the entire pixel PX is shown in FIG. 2A. It will have a value greater than the green G of the reference value described in. More specifically, as the distance L1 decreases, the color of the pixel PX observed by the observer 1 will gradually move toward W along the line GW of the color space model shown in FIG. 1A.
  • the color of the pixel PX observed will be white defined as the white vertex W of the color space model of FIG. 1A.
  • the white obtained at this time is brighter than white (which is actually gray) obtained by the additive color mixing of the red, green and blue particles of the conventional color particle system. That is, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the white (real white) can be realized by the brightness adjusting mechanism of the color subpixels PX1, PX2, and PX3 without a separate white pixel.
  • the behavior of the white particles WP may be achieved through a change in the height and width (duration time) of the voltage pulses applied to the driving electrodes DE and RE.
  • the switching time of the white particles WP ie, the white particles WP
  • the switching time of the white particles WP may be changed from the second electrode DE to the first electrode (P) by applying a pulse having a magnitude of + 10 V to the second electrode DE.
  • the distance L1 of the white particles WP from the display surface VP can be controlled by increasing or decreasing the width of the voltage pulse.
  • the brightness adjustment step may be performed after performing a reset step to have a particle distribution of the green subpixel PX2 of FIG. 2A.
  • the black particles KP may be held on the driving electrode DE during the brightness adjustment step.
  • a particle distribution as shown in FIG. 2D can be derived.
  • the optical states of each of the subpixels PX1, PX2, and PX3 may be white, green with reduced brightness, and white, respectively.
  • the color of FIG. 2D will be located on the line GK of the color model CM of FIG. 1A.
  • Particle distribution of the red and blue subpixels PX1, PX3 can be achieved by applying the same potential to the drive electrodes DE, RE as the potential at the corresponding subpixel of FIG. 2A.
  • the black particles KP move from the bottom of the cavity V to the display surface side VP by a predetermined distance, so that the black particles KP move the display surface VP. This makes it more visible to the observer 1. That is, the ratio of the black particles WP to the white particles WP, seen through the display surface, is increased.
  • the brightness of the green sub-pixel PX2 is decreased, and the brightness of the green color implemented by the entire pixel PX is shown in FIG. It will have a smaller brightness value than green G, which has the brightness of the reference value described in 2a.
  • the color of the pixel PX observed by the observer 1 will gradually move toward the black vertex K along the line GK of the color space model CM shown in FIG. 1A.
  • a pulse having a magnitude of ⁇ 10 V is applied to the first driving electrode DE for more than a switching time of the black particles WP, the black particles KP may completely reach the display surface, and finally, The pixel PX displays black corresponding to the black vertex K of the color space model CM.
  • all particles in the cavity are collected at the bottom to define a reset state where the optical state of the fluid has the greatest influence on the observer 1. It may be a reference brightness value of each subpixel.
  • the above-described brightness adjustment may be performed after performing the reset step.
  • the electrode DE of the first electrode CE and one of the second and third electrodes DE and RE controls the vertical flow of particles to the substrate, thereby removing the display surface VP from the display surface VP. It is possible to control the relative distance (L1, L2) of the particles (WP, KP) of, the third electrode (RE) collects the particles (WP, KP) on the bottom side of the sub-pixel as an electrode for the reset It can be used to make.
  • the third electrode RE may be applied with a voltage of opposite polarity having a larger magnitude than the second electrode DE, which is an individual electrode, without being limited by the driving voltage of the switching element such as the TFT.
  • the reset state can be quickly achieved. If all color sub pixels are reset, they will appear gray to the observer 1. After this reset step, in the brightness adjustment step, other kinds of particles not involved in the brightness control may remain collected on the reset electrode RE during the brightness adjustment.
  • each sub-pixel has an optically controlled optical state.
  • the optical states of the respective sub-pixels PX1, PX2, and PX3 may be combined to implement various colors of the pixel PX. In the color space model of FIG.
  • the color obtained as described above may express both a brightness value belonging to a higher value than the reference brightness value, that is, a brightness value belonging to a lower value than the reference brightness value and a lower brightness value belonging to the lower cone part.
  • the multi-color electrophoretic display device can provide color reproduction power that is ideally or substantially close to the color space model CM.
  • FIG 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a structure and a brightness control mechanism of the multi-color electrophoretic display apparatus 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the display apparatus 200 includes a first electrode TE similarly to the display apparatus 100 described above.
  • the first electrode TE may be a separate electrode individually addressable by the driving members. However, this is exemplary and the first electrode TE may be a common electrode.
  • the display apparatus 200 includes a second electrode DE facing the first electrode TE and a third electrode RE for collecting particles.
  • the third electrode RE may have a configuration in which the second electrode DE is disposed in the center and surrounds the second electrode DE.
  • the display apparatus 100 may further include a black matrix BM.
  • the black matrix (BM) may be formed of a metal such as chromium having excellent light shielding properties, or a polymer resin material such as polyethylene or polystyrene including dyes and / or pigments.
  • the black matrix (BM) may be a photosensitive resin composition capable of a photolithography step.
  • these materials are exemplary and the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the black matrix BM may be formed of inorganic materials such as metal oxides and ceramics.
  • the black matrix BM defines an opening area of the cavity V through which ambient light can be transmitted on the display surface VP, and incident light can be transmitted into the cavity V through the opening.
  • the third electrode RE for collecting particles may be hidden under the black matrix BM and may not be exposed. In this case, as in the green sub-pixel PX2, the particles WP and KP collected in the lower portion of the black matrix BM in the cavity V are not visible to the observer 1. As such, the collected particles KP may be distributed only in a limited space (the area surrounded by the dashed line SR) between the third electrode RE and the black matrix BM. Referred to as particle storage area.
  • a portion d of the entire area of the second electrode DE may overlap the black matrix BM.
  • a portion overlapped with the black matrix BM of the second electrode DE collects the particles WP and KP in the cavity V together with the third electrode RE to the particle storage region. Accordingly, only the optical state of the color fluids CU1, CU2, CU3 is affected to the observer 1. This will be described later.
  • the white electrophoretic particles WP have a + polarity
  • the black electrophoretic particles KP have a ⁇ polarity
  • the upper electrode TE is grounded.
  • the white particles WP are dispersed on the first electrode VP.
  • the black particles KP may be dispersed on the second electrode DE or the third electrode RE.
  • the optical state of the first sub pixel PX1 is white.
  • ⁇ 10 V may be applied to the second electrode DE and +10 V may be applied to the third electrode RE.
  • a strong electric field is generated between these electrodes RE and DE except for the first electrode TE, so that the black particles KP are collected on the third electrode RE, and the white particles DE are formed. Collected on a portion of the second electrode DE in proximity to the third electrode RE. The particles thus collected are all covered by the black matrix BM so that only the reflected light due to the optical state of the color fluid CU2 is transmitted to the observer 10.
  • this state may be defined as a reference brightness value of the corresponding subpixel.
  • the brightness can be adjusted by controlling the pulse width of the voltage applied to these electrodes in order to adjust the electric field between the first electrode (TE) and the second electrode (DE) facing each other. .
  • the distribution state of the illustrated particles can be obtained by reversing the voltages applied to the second electrode DE and the third electrode 9RE with the case of the first sub-pixel PX1.
  • the optical state is black.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure and a brightness control mechanism of the multi-color electrophoretic display device 300 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the multi-color electrophoretic display apparatus 300 has a first electrode TE, a second electrode DE, and a third electrode RE1 similar to the display apparatus 200 described above.
  • the second electrode DE does not overlap the black matrix BM and is spaced apart from the third electrode RE1.
  • the multi-color electrophoretic display apparatus 300 may further include a fourth electrode RE2 between the second electrode DE and the third electrode RE1. Similar to the third electrode RE1, the fourth electrode RE2 collects particles or reduces the intensity of the electric field between the second electrode RE1 and the third electrode RE2.
  • the white electrophoretic particles WP have a + polarity
  • the black electrophoretic particles KP have a ⁇ polarity
  • the upper electrode TE is grounded.
  • the white particles WP may be widely distributed on the second electrode DE by the fourth electrode RE2.
  • the white particles WP may affect the optical state of the first sub pixel PX1.
  • the reflectivity of the color fluid U1 may be increased by the white particles WP, which may be defined as a reference brightness, and the brightness thereof may be increased.
  • the second electrode DE may be grounded, +10 V may be applied to the third electrode RE1, and ⁇ 10 V may be applied to the fourth electrode RE2.
  • the particles will all collect in the particle storage area.
  • This state can be defined as the reference brightness of each sub-pixel as described above.
  • the distribution state of the illustrated particles can be obtained.
  • This case may be defined as the reference brightness of each sub-pixel, and in this case, the luminance may be reduced by the black particles KP.
  • the voltage applied to each electrode is exemplary, and may vary depending on the mobility of the particles and the distance between the electrodes, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the features related to the electrodes and particles may be combined with or substituted for one another as long as there is no contradiction, and such embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention.
  • a multi-color electrophoretic display device having a simple driving with only two-color systems of color and black and white, and freely controlling brightness from black to white in the HSL color space model can be provided.
  • the luminescent display device after defining the reference brightness value, according to the brightness information of the color to be displayed, by adjusting the relative ratio of the white or black electrophoretic particles seen through the display surface black in the HSL color space model.
  • a driving method of the luminescent display device in which brightness from white to white can be freely adjusted.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif d'affichage électrophorétique multicolore qui comprend : un premier substrat pour fournir une surface d'affichage, et un second substrat qui fait face au premier substrat ; une pluralité de cavités qui sont formées entre les premier et second substrats ; un fluide de couleur destiné à être chargé dans une cavité, qui comprend des sous-pixels couleurs, parmi la pluralité de cavités ; des particules électrophorétiques blanches, qui sont dispersées dans le fluide de couleur, et des particules électrophorétiques noires, qui possèdent une mobilité électrophorétique différente par rapport aux particules électrophorétiques blanches ; et une pluralité d'électrodes pour régler la luminosité du fluide de couleur en réglant, à l'intérieur de la cavité, la proportion relative des particules électrophorétiques blanches et des particules électrophorétiques noires qui sont vues à travers la surface d'affichage, le fluide de couleur pouvant être coloré en utilisant juste un colorant.
PCT/KR2012/001805 2011-03-18 2012-03-13 Dispositif d'affichage électrophorétique multicolore et procédé pour exciter ledit dispositif WO2012128495A2 (fr)

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KR1020110024349A KR101258466B1 (ko) 2011-03-18 2011-03-18 멀티 컬러 전기 영동 디스플레이 장치 및 이의 구동 방법
KR10-2011-0024349 2011-03-18

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KR101392583B1 (ko) * 2012-11-02 2014-05-12 청운대학교산학협력단 반사형 컬러 표시 장치
US20150332637A1 (en) * 2012-12-14 2015-11-19 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Driving a display
KR101401117B1 (ko) * 2013-03-19 2014-05-29 성균관대학교산학협력단 전기영동 디스플레이 장치 및 이의 제조 방법
KR102168213B1 (ko) * 2013-07-31 2020-10-21 주식회사 나노브릭 전기영동 디스플레이의 광특성 향상을 위한 구동 방법
KR102074830B1 (ko) * 2013-11-14 2020-02-07 한국전자통신연구원 컬러 전자종이 디스플레이 및 그 색 구현 방법

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WO2002093245A1 (fr) * 2001-05-15 2002-11-21 E Ink Corporation Ecrans electrophoretiques contenant des particules magnetiques
TWI229763B (en) * 2001-10-29 2005-03-21 Sipix Imaging Inc An improved electrophoretic display with holding electrodes
CN1209674C (zh) * 2002-04-23 2005-07-06 希毕克斯影像有限公司 电磁泳显示器
KR20060134659A (ko) * 2005-06-23 2006-12-28 엘지.필립스 엘시디 주식회사 표시장치와 그 제조방법

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