WO2012122800A1 - 一种电源调制方法及电源调制器 - Google Patents

一种电源调制方法及电源调制器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012122800A1
WO2012122800A1 PCT/CN2011/081177 CN2011081177W WO2012122800A1 WO 2012122800 A1 WO2012122800 A1 WO 2012122800A1 CN 2011081177 W CN2011081177 W CN 2011081177W WO 2012122800 A1 WO2012122800 A1 WO 2012122800A1
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WO
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Prior art keywords
signal
output
current
reference level
control signal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/081177
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王林国
张滨
Original Assignee
中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 中兴通讯股份有限公司 filed Critical 中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority to US14/005,543 priority Critical patent/US9154029B2/en
Priority to EP11861029.4A priority patent/EP2688200B1/en
Publication of WO2012122800A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012122800A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03FAMPLIFIERS
    • H03F1/00Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F1/02Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
    • H03F1/0205Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers
    • H03F1/0211Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers with control of the supply voltage or current
    • H03F1/0216Continuous control
    • H03F1/0222Continuous control by using a signal derived from the input signal
    • H03F1/0227Continuous control by using a signal derived from the input signal using supply converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0016Control circuits providing compensation of output voltage deviations using feedforward of disturbance parameters
    • H02M1/0022Control circuits providing compensation of output voltage deviations using feedforward of disturbance parameters the disturbance parameters being input voltage fluctuations
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0045Converters combining the concepts of switch-mode regulation and linear regulation, e.g. linear pre-regulator to switching converter, linear and switching converter in parallel, same converter or same transistor operating either in linear or switching mode
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/1566Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with means for compensating against rapid load changes, e.g. with auxiliary current source, with dual mode control or with inductance variation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a power supply modulation method and a power supply modulator.
  • Background Art In electronic devices, voltage modulation is required in various occasions, and a typical one is a power supply device for a radio frequency power amplifier.
  • the voltage modulation is described below using a radio frequency power amplifier as a load.
  • the modulation scheme of communication systems has become more and more complicated.
  • One of the outstanding problems is the inefficiency of RF power amplifiers, which has become a bottleneck for improving the efficiency of the entire communication system.
  • the supply voltage needs to be higher than the peak voltage of the RF signal.
  • the peak value of the RF signal is low, the power amplifier is subjected to higher voltage and load current at the same time, so the efficiency is low.
  • the average efficiency of a power amplifier depends on the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the RF signal.
  • PAPR peak-to-average power ratio
  • WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • WiMax Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
  • OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access
  • power amplifier efficiency improvement schemes relying on power supply technology mainly include: Envelope Elimination and Restoration (EE), and Envelope Tracking (ET) power supply.
  • the envelope separation and recovery technology utilizes a constant envelope signal to perform high-efficiency amplification by a nonlinear power amplifier, and separates the RF signal to be amplified into an envelope and a phase modulation signal, and supplies power to the nonlinear power amplifier through an envelope tracking power supply.
  • Amplified RF signal Since the amplified signal amplitude is determined by the envelope tracking power supply output voltage amplitude, the tracking accuracy of the envelope tracking power supply is high, otherwise the linearity of the amplified signal is affected.
  • the envelope tracking power supply method uses a linear power amplifier to dynamically adjust the supply voltage by tracking the envelope signal to improve the efficiency of the linear power amplifier. Both solutions require dynamic modulation of the output voltage of the power supply.
  • the power modulator must ensure high efficiency at the same time to ensure the efficiency of the two schemes for the entire power amplifier system.
  • the radio frequency envelope signal in the modern communication system has a high bandwidth, for example, the WCDMA single carrier is 5 MHz, and the 4 carrier is 20 MHz.
  • the envelope tracking power supply needs to provide high modulation bandwidth and efficiency.
  • the switching power supply regulator can provide high conversion efficiency.
  • the switching power supply regulator is often used in conjunction with the linear power regulator to optimize the modulation accuracy and efficiency by utilizing the high frequency characteristics of the linear regulator and the high efficiency of the switching regulator.
  • the typical structure is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the linear regulator 201 uses feedback control of the output voltage 207 to ensure that the output voltage 207 of the linear regulator 201 tracks the reference input signal 206.
  • the switching regulator 102 is a current source structure composed of a buck conversion circuit, that is, a BUCK circuit.
  • the control method often uses the linear regulator 201 to output a current 208 to the hysteresis controller 103. That is, by detecting the output current 208 of the linear regulator 201, when the linear regulator 201 output current 208 is high, the switching transistor 104 is turned on, the switching regulator 102 output current is increased, and when the linear regulator 201 output current 208 is low, The switch tube 105 is turned on, and the output current of the switch regulator 102 is lowered, thereby controlling the linear regulator 201.
  • the output current 208 amplitude is in the lower range, reducing the output power of the linear regulator 201. Due to the low efficiency of the linear regulator 201, reducing the output power of the linear regulator 201 contributes to an increase in the efficiency of the power modulator system.
  • the switching current regulator 102 using the BUCK circuit has a constant rate of change in output current and cannot adapt to different load current change rates.
  • the rate of change of the RF envelope signal fluctuates greatly, and the load current of the power modulator also changes.
  • the fixed output current rate of change of the switching regulator can cause tracking failure at higher load current rate of change. In the case of lower load current rate, it will cause frequent switching, which in turn increases switching frequency and switching. Loss, reducing system efficiency.
  • the present invention provides a power supply modulation method and a power supply modulator.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an envelope tracking power supply modulation method, in which an output of a multilevel switching regulator in an envelope tracking power supply is connected in parallel through an inductor and a linear regulator output, the method comprising: passing the first reference according to the input The current obtained by the level signal generates a first control signal, and the first control signal is used to control a trend of the output current of the multi-level switching regulator;
  • the multilevel switching regulator outputs a level signal of the corresponding amplitude, and loads the amplitude level output inductor current on the inductor;
  • the first reference level signal is linearly adjusted by the linear regulator to obtain a power output to The voltage of the load.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide an envelope tracking power modulator, including: a linear regulator, a multilevel switching regulator, an inductor, a current controller, and a level selection controller;
  • the multilevel switching regulator output is connected in parallel through the inductor and the linear regulator output; the current controller, the level selection controller and the multilevel switching regulator are connected in series; the current controller is used to pass the first reference according to the input The current obtained by the flat signal generates a first control signal, and the first control signal is used to control a change trend of the inductor current of the output of the multilevel switching regulator, and the current controller is connected to the level selection controller through a port that outputs the first control signal, a second reference level signal obtained according to the first reference level signal is input to the level selection controller; the level selection controller is configured to set the amplitude of the second reference level signal, and the set at least three levels of The amplitudes are compared, and the second control signal is output according to the result of the comparison and the first control signal, wherein at least one of the level amplitudes of the comparison levels is smaller than the amplitude of the second reference level signal, And at least one of the signals is greater than the amplitude of the second reference level signal, the level selection controller
  • a linear regulator is used to linearly adjust the first reference level signal to obtain the voltage at which the power supply is output to the load.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a power supply modulator in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a possible control principle of a current controller provided by the present invention
  • 3 is a schematic structural view of a power modulator according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a specific power supply modulator in the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a waveform of a specific control method of a current controller according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a specific implementation circuit of a level selection controller according to the present invention. Another specific structural diagram;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a possible implementation principle of the controller in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a waveform of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of still another power supply modulator according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a possible control principle in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 of the present invention
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a waveform of the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 according to the present invention
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an additional structure of a power supply modulator according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing another additional structure of a power supply modulator according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 are schematic diagrams showing two structures of a power supply modulator according to the present invention.
  • FIG 17 is a schematic diagram showing one possible structure of the multilevel switching regulator of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a power supply modulator, as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the power supply modulator includes a linear regulator 201, a multi-level switching regulator 202, an inductor 203, a current controller 204, and a level selection controller 205.
  • the output of the multilevel switching regulator 202 is connected in parallel through the output of the inductor 203 and the linear adjustment 201.
  • the current controller 204, the level selection controller 205, the multilevel switching regulator 202, and the inductor 203 are sequentially connected in series.
  • the current controller 204 generates a first control signal 209 according to the current 211 obtained by the input first reference level signal 206.
  • the current controller 204 is connected to the level selection controller 205 by a port that outputs the first control signal 209, the second reference.
  • Level signal 2061 input to electricity The controller 205 is selected in the flat.
  • the level selection controller 205 compares the amplitude of the second reference level signal 2061 obtained from the first reference level signal 206 with the amplitude of the set at least three levels, according to the result of the comparison and the first
  • the control signal 209 outputs a second control signal 210.
  • the level selection controller 205 is connected to the multilevel switching regulator 202 by a port that outputs the second control signal 210.
  • the multilevel switching regulator 202 outputs a level signal of a corresponding amplitude according to the second control signal 210, and the amplitude level output inductor current 208 is loaded on the inductor 203.
  • the linear regulator 201 linearly adjusts the first reference level signal 206, and the resulting linearly adjusted output voltage 207 is the voltage that the power supply outputs to the load.
  • the linear regulator 201 and the multilevel switching regulator 202 are connected in parallel via an inductor 203, and the linear regulator 201 employs voltage control to adjust the voltage output to the load according to the envelope signal as the first reference level signal 206, when the envelope signal
  • the rate of change fluctuates greatly, and when the load current of the power supply modulator also changes, the inductor current 208 can better track the load current change, and the multi-level switching regulator 202 can better control the linear adjustment 201 output current.
  • the output current of the linear regulator 201 is limited to a small hysteresis range to limit the power provided by the linear regulator 201, reducing its losses and thereby increasing the efficiency of the overall power system.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a power supply modulation method implemented based on the foregoing power modulator, as shown in FIG. 3, including:
  • the first control signal 209 is generated by the current 211 obtained according to the input first reference level signal 206.
  • the first control signal 209 is used to control the trend of the inductor current output by the multilevel switching regulator 202.
  • Step 12 Compare the amplitude of the second reference level signal 2061 obtained according to the first reference level signal 206 with the amplitude of the set at least three levels, according to the result of the comparison and the first control signal 209. , the second control signal 210 is output.
  • Step 13 According to the second control signal 210, the multilevel switching regulator 202 outputs a level signal of a corresponding amplitude, and the amplitude level output inductor current 208 is loaded on the inductor 203.
  • Step 14 Linearly adjust the first reference level signal 206 to obtain a voltage 207 that is linearly adjusted and output.
  • the linearly adjusted output current 208 is used as the current 211 obtained according to the first reference level signal 206, which can be implemented by the power supply modulator shown in FIG.
  • the power modulator differs in that the current 208 output by the sampling linear regulator 201 (as the current 211 obtained from the input first reference level signal) is input to the current controller 204.
  • a waveform diagram of the process of generating the first control signal 209, as shown in FIG. 5, is output after linear adjustment.
  • the generated first control signal 209 is: controlling the inductor current increase signal 4011 output by the multilevel switching regulator 202, and outputting the current 208 after linear adjustment is less than the set value.
  • the generated first control signal 209 is: The inductor current reduction signal 4012 output by the multi-level switching regulator 202 is controlled.
  • FIG. 6 A specific implementation circuit of the current controller 204 and the level selection controller 205 is shown in FIG. 6.
  • the linear regulator output current 208 is compared with the hysteresis loop composed of the comparator 606 and the first multiplexer 605, and the output inductor is output.
  • the current control signal 209 wherein the input signal of the first multiplexer 605 is the set upper limit threshold 402 and the set lower threshold 403, the first reference level signal 206 and each of the multilevel switching regulator 202
  • the level levels 602, 603, 604 are compared by the accumulator 608 to obtain the position signal 609, which is input to the control terminal 615 of the second multiplexer 610 and the third multiplexer 611, respectively.
  • the control terminal 616, the second multiplexer 610 and the third multiplexer 611 respectively output the upper level 612 and the next level 613 of the current position, wherein the second multiplexer 610, the third plurality
  • the input signals 601, 602, 603, 604 of the path selector 611 are the levels of the low level switch from the low level to the high level.
  • fourth multiplexer 614 outputs second control signal 210 based on current control signal 209.
  • the current estimate of the linearly adjusted output obtained from the first reference level signal 206 and the circuit parameters can also be used as the current 211 obtained from the first reference level signal 206.
  • the difference is that the former is the real current, and the latter is the current estimate obtained using the estimation algorithm.
  • the current estimation output after linear adjustment, as the current 211 obtained according to the first reference level signal 206, can be implemented by the power supply modulator shown in FIG. 7, which is different from the power supply modulator shown in FIG.
  • a reference level signal 206 is input to the estimator 702, and the estimator 702 derives a linearly adjusted output current estimate 703 based on the first reference level signal 206 and circuit parameters (as a current 211 derived from the input first reference level signal).
  • the estimator 702 outputs a current estimated port connected to the current 211 input of the current controller 204 according to the input first reference level signal, and further obtains the second control signal by the foregoing current control and level selection control method. 210. Since the acquisition of the second control signal 210 is not derived from the output of the linear regulator 201, the multi-level switching adjustment can be matched by inputting to the delay 706 on the first reference level signal 206 of the linear regulator 201.
  • the circuit of the device 202 is delayed and outputs a delayed first reference level signal 707.
  • the foregoing circuit can be implemented by, but not limited to, a digital control method such as an FPGA/CPLD/DSP.
  • FIG. 8 A specific implementation circuit of the power supply modulator shown in Fig. 7 is shown in Fig. 8.
  • the second control signal 210 is used to estimate the output amplitude of the actual multilevel switching regulator 202
  • the first reference level signal 206 is used to estimate the output voltage of the actual linear regulator 201, the second control signal 210 and the first reference level signal.
  • 206 input to the first subtractor 7021 of the estimator 702, the first subtractor 7021 of the estimator 702 outputs a difference signal 801, and the difference signal 801 output by the subtractor 7021.
  • the of the estimator 702 is a voltage estimation across the inductor, and the difference
  • the value signal 801 is input to the first divider 7022 of the estimator 702 divided by the inductance value
  • the rate of change 802 of the inductor current is obtained, and the rate of change 802 of the inductor current is input to the integrator 7023 of the estimator 702, and then estimated by time integration.
  • the load current estimate 804 can be obtained by the second divider 7024 of the estimator 702 dividing the first reference level signal 206 by the load value.
  • the estimated load current 804 and the estimated inductor current 803 are input to the second subtractor 7025 of the estimator 702, and the output difference is the current estimate 703 of the linearly adjusted output.
  • a power supply modulator using the estimator 702 as shown in FIG. 8 is used.
  • a possible signal waveform diagram is shown in FIG. 9, wherein the waveform 901 is a waveform diagram of the second control signal 210, and the waveform The shape 902 is a waveform diagram of the first reference level signal 206, and the waveform 903 is a waveform diagram of the estimated product of the inductor current 208 output by the multilevel switching regulator 202.
  • Figure 9 there may still be an estimate of the inductor current (ie, the estimate of the inductor current 208 output by the multilevel switching regulator 202) that does not track the load current, in order to further improve the tracking effect of the inductor current on the load current
  • Figure 10 is an embodiment of increasing load current slope compensation based on the embodiment of FIG.
  • the load current slope estimation circuit 1001 and the slope compensation control circuit 1003 are added, and the first reference level signal 206 is input to the load current slope estimation circuit 1001, and the load current slope estimation circuit 1001 performs the circuit parameters according to the first reference level signal 206 and the power source.
  • the load current slope estimation is obtained, and the load current change rate estimation signal is obtained.
  • the port of the output load current change rate estimation signal 1002 is connected to the slope compensation control circuit 1003, and the slope compensation control circuit 1003 performs slope compensation on the load current change rate estimation signal 1002.
  • the control obtains the slope compensation control signal 1005, the port of the output slope compensation control signal 1005 is connected to the level selection controller 205, and the level selection controller 205 further adjusts according to the slope compensation control signal 1005 to pass the previously obtained first reference level signal.
  • the position signal 609 (the result of the comparison) and the second control signal 210 obtained by the first control signal 209 cause the inductor current to better track the load current.
  • the first reference level signal 206 is input to the divider of the load current slope estimation circuit 1001, and the load estimation current is obtained by dividing the load value by the load value 804.
  • the load estimation current 804 is subtracted from the delay signal 1101 to obtain a load current change rate estimation signal 1002, and the current change rate estimation signal 1002 and the set upper threshold 1102 are input to the first comparator of the slope compensation control circuit 1003.
  • the slope compensation control signal 1005 is output, and the first adder of the slope compensation control circuit 1003 compensates the current position signal 609 according to the slope compensation control signal 1005 output at this time.
  • the multilevel switching regulator 202 forwards a higher amplitude to accelerate the increase of the output inductor current.
  • the slope compensation control signal 1005 is output, and the second adder of the slope compensation control circuit 1003 is controlled according to the slope of the output at this time.
  • the signal 1005, the compensated current position signal 609 is decremented by 1 and output to the end of the level selection controller 616 of FIG. 6, and the multi-level switching regulator 202 outputs a lower amplitude to the negative direction to accelerate the output of the inductor. Reduced.
  • waveform 12 is a schematic diagram of a possible signal waveform of the load current slope compensation scheme of FIG. 10, wherein the waveform 1201 is a waveform diagram of the second control signal 210 after the load current slope compensation is added, and the waveform 1202 is the first reference level signal 206.
  • Waveform diagram, waveform 1203 is a waveform diagram of the estimated inductor current and load product. In Figure 12, it can be seen that the inductor current tracking load current condition is significantly improved.
  • FIG. 13 is an additional embodiment of the present invention to solve the problem.
  • the output inductor presents a low-impedance connection to the multi-level switching regulator and the linear regulator.
  • FIG. 13 is an additional embodiment of the present invention to solve the problem.
  • the output of the linear regulator 201 is connected to a high-pass filter 1301, and the voltage outputted by the linear adjustment is high-pass filtered, and then multi-level switch
  • the regulator 202 is connected in parallel through the inductor 203, so that the first reference level signal 206 is linearly adjusted by the linear regulator 201, and the output voltage is high-pass filtered, and the filtered voltage is output as a power source to the load voltage, and the low frequency signal is added.
  • the impedance between the two voltage sources of the multilevel switching regulator 202 and the linear regulator 201 solves the volt-second balance problem of the inductor current by automatically adjusting the output voltage.
  • FIG. 14 is another embodiment of the present invention for solving the problem of the volt-second balance of the inductor.
  • the output of the linear regulator 201 is terminated by a low-pass filter 1401, and the current-sampling signal outputted by the linear adjustment is subjected to a low-pass filtering output current sampling signal.
  • the low frequency signal, the low pass filter 1401 outputs an interface of the current low frequency signal, is connected to the multilevel switching regulator 202, and uses the filtered current sampling signal to control the output DC component of the multilevel switching regulator 202 to make the inductor current balance.
  • the level values of the levels to be compared are set according to the amplitudes of the level signals of the levels output by the multilevel switching regulator 202, and match the amplitudes of the second reference level signal 2061. Level amplitude.
  • the amplitude of the set level 3 is IV, 2V, 3V
  • the amplitude of the second reference level signal 2061 is 2.3V, comparing 2.3V with IV, 2V, 3V, since 2.3V is at 2V, Between 3V. It is determined that the level one level higher and one level lower than the amplitude second reference level signal 2061 are the 3V level and the 2V level, respectively.
  • the second reference level signal 2061 may directly adopt the first reference level signal 206 or may be a linear regulator output level signal 207 obtained by linearly adjusting the first reference level signal 206. In hardware implementation, as shown in FIG.
  • the first reference level signal 206 input by the second reference level signal input terminal of the level selection controller 205, or the second reference level of the level selection controller 205 of FIG. 16 may be used.
  • the signal input terminal inputs a signal obtained by linearly adjusting the first reference level signal 206.
  • the amplitude of the linear regulator output level signal 207 can be It is 3.3V, so if the linear regulator output level signal 207 is used as the second reference level signal 2061, the amplitude of the set level is matched with the amplitude of the linear regulator output level signal 207. For example, it is set to 2V, 3V, 4V, and the set 2V, 3V, 4V and the multilevel switching regulator 202 output the same level signal amplitude.
  • the inductor current required to output the multilevel switching regulator 202 is increased according to the first control signal 209, and the second control signal 210 may be indicating that the output amplitude of the multilevel switching regulator 202 is higher than the reference level signal.
  • the level 1 control signal, or the inductor current required to output the multilevel switching regulator 202 is reduced according to the first control signal 209, and the second control signal 210 may be indicative of the multilevel switching regulator 202 output amplitude.
  • the first control signal 209 is that the inductor current required to output the multilevel switching regulator 202 becomes larger, and the second control signal 210 is indicative of the level switch regulator 202 output.
  • a control signal of a 3V level (a level higher than a 2.3V reference level signal), and vice versa.
  • the principle of setting the amplitude of each level is that at least one of the level amplitudes of the comparisons is less than A reference level signal 206 (or linear regulator output level signal 207), and at least one of which is greater than the first reference level signal 206 (or linear regulator output level signal 207).
  • the inductor current required to output the multilevel switching regulator 202 becomes larger, and the second control signal 210 may further indicate that the output level of the multilevel switching regulator 202 is higher than the reference level signal.
  • the level of control signal the general principle is that the first control signal 209 is required to increase or decrease the inductor current output by the multilevel switching regulator 202, according to the second reference level signal 2061 amplitude and setting As a result of comparing the amplitudes of the levels of the levels, the second control signal 210 corresponding to the output is indicative of the output amplitude of the multilevel switching regulator 202 being higher than the reference level signal (corresponding to the inductor current becoming larger) or lower (corresponding to the inductor current) If the current control signal is used, the load current slope estimation is performed according to the first reference level signal 206 and the circuit parameters of the power supply, and the load current change rate estimation signal 1002 is obtained, and the load current change rate is obtained.
  • the estimated signal 1002 performs slope compensation control to obtain a slope compensation control signal 1005, and outputs the first according to the result of the comparison, the first control signal, and the slope compensation control signal.
  • Two control signals For example, the comparison result is that the second reference level signal 2061 has an amplitude of 2.3V between 2V and 3V, and the first control signal 209 is required to increase the inductor current output by the multilevel switching regulator 202, and the slope compensation control signal is Adding the amplitude of the second reference level signal 2061 to the position between the level amplitudes of each level, that is, the position is between 2V and 3V, and the position is raised to a higher level of 3V, 5V ( Between the position higher than the position between 2V and 3V, the second control signal is a control signal indicating that the multi-level switching regulator outputs a level higher than the reference level signal by two levels (5V). .
  • the multi-level switching regulator 202 may be a switch structure as shown in FIG. 17, and the voltage of the second control signal 210 at different times is used as an input voltage, such as the input voltage 301/302/303 is controlled.
  • the conduction selection of the switch tube 304/305/306 can realize the output voltage 307 of the multi-level switching regulator output amplitude V1/V2/V3, where V1/V2/V3 are the input voltage 301/302/303 respectively.
  • the present invention provides a power supply modulation method and a power supply modulator, wherein an output of a multilevel switching regulator in an envelope tracking power supply is connected in parallel through an inductor and a linear regulator output through a first reference level according to an input a current obtained by the signal, generating a first control signal, wherein the first control signal is used to control a change trend of the output current of the multi-level switching regulator; and a magnitude of the second reference level signal obtained according to the first reference level signal, Comparing with the set amplitude of at least three levels, and outputting a second control signal according to the result of the comparison and the first control signal, wherein at least one of the level amplitudes of the comparison levels is less than the a magnitude of the second reference level signal, and at least one of which is greater than a magnitude of
  • the multi-level switching regulator cooperates with the linear regulator, the multi-level switching regulator outputs at least three different amplitude voltages, so that the inductor current can better track the load current variation, and the prior art inductor is solved. The current cannot better track the problem of load current rate of change.

Description

一种电源调制方法及电源调制器 技术领域 本发明涉及通信技术领域, 尤其涉及一种电源调制方法及电源调制器。 背景技术 在电子装置中, 有多种场合需要电压调制, 其中较为典型的一种为射 频功率放大器的供电装置。
下面以射频功率放大器作为负载对电压调制进行说明。 为应对用户对 带宽需求的不断提高, 通信系统的调制方式变得越来越复杂, 其中带来的 一个突出问题就是射频功率放大器的效率低下, 成为提高整个通信系统效 率的瓶颈。 对于线性功率放大器, 为保证线性度, 在传统直流供电方式下, 供电电压需高于射频信号峰值电压。 在射频信号峰值较低的时候, 功率放 大器同时承受较高电压和负载电流, 因此效率较低。 功率放大器的平均效 率取决于射频信号的功率峰均比( PAPR, Peak to Average Power Ratio )。 而 为了在有限频带内获得最大通信带宽, 现代通信系统都使用了非恒定包络 (振幅) 且具较高峰均比的调制方式。 例如宽带码分多址 (WCDMA, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access ) 系统中调制信号的峰均比为 6.5db~7.0dB , 而下一代网络长期演进 ( LTE, Long Term Evolution )及全球 微波互联接入 ( WiMax, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access ) 使用的正交频分多址 (OFDMA, Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access ) 系统, 峰均比则更是高达 9.0dB~9.5dB, 导致功率放大器效率的低 下。 由此也带来一系列其他问题如增加的功放体积及重量, 更高的空调等 散热环境要求等, 使得应用及维护成本上升。 因此, 改善功率放大器的效 率具有较大的实际意义。
在现有文献和技术中, 依赖供电技术的功率放大器效率改善方案主要 为: 包络分离和恢复( EER, Envelope Elimination and Restoration )及包络 跟踪 ( ET , Envelope Tracking )供电。 其中包络分离与恢复技术利用恒定包 络信号可以通过非线性功率放大器进行高效放大的特性, 将待放大射频信 号分离为包络和相位调制信号, 通过包络跟踪电源给非线性功率放大器供 电还原出放大的射频信号。 由于放大后的信号幅值由包络跟踪电源输出电 压幅值决定, 对包络跟踪电源的跟踪精度较高, 否则影响放大信号的线性 度。 而包络跟踪供电方式则采用线性功率放大器, 通过跟踪包络信号动态 调节供电电压, 提高线性功率放大器的效率。 两种方案都需要对电源的输 出电压进行动态调制。 电源调制器必须同时保证较高的效率, 才能保证两 种方案对整个功放系统的效率提升。
现代通信系统中射频包络信号具有较高的带宽, 例如 WCDMA单载波 为 5MHz, 4载波为 20MHz。 包络跟踪电源需要提供高的调制带宽和效率, 在已有技术中, 开关式电源调节器可以提供高的转换效率。 但在满足如 20MHz高带宽的应用中, 需要极高的开关切换速度, 将无法通过现有的开 关器件实现, 并且调节器的转换效率也因此变得低下。 在现有技术中, 常 采用开关式电源调节器与线性电源调节器相配合的方式, 利用线性调节器 的高频特性和开关式调节器的高效特性, 实现调制精度和效率的优化。 其 典型结构如图 1所示, 线性调节器 201采用输出电压 207反馈控制, 保证 线性调节器 201的输出电压 207跟踪参考输入信号 206。开关调节器 102为 降压式变换电路、 即 BUCK电路组成的电流源结构, 其控制方式常采用线 性调节器 201输出电流 208到滞环控制器 103。 即通过检测线性调节器 201 的输出电流 208,当线性调节器 201输出电流 208较高时,开关管 104导通, 开关调节器 102输出电流增加, 当线性调节器 201输出电流 208较低时, 开关管 105导通, 开关调节器 102输出电流降低,从而控制线性调节器 201 输出电流 208幅值在较低的范围, 降低线性调节器 201 的输出功率。 由于 线性调节器 201 的效率较低, 降低线性调节器 201 的输出功率有助于电源 调制器系统效率的提升。
但该现有技术存在如下问题: 采用 BUCK电路的开关调节器 102的输 出电流变化率一定, 不能适应不同负载电流变化率的情况。 以射频功率放 大器为例, 射频包络信号的变化率波动较大, 电源调制器的负载电流也随 之变化。 开关调节器固定的输出电流变化率会导致在较高负载电流变化率 的时候有可能跟踪不上, 在较低负载电流变化率的情况下, 会引起频繁的 开关切换, 进而增加开关频率和开关损耗, 降低系统效率。 发明内容 为了解决现有技术中采用 BUCK电路的开关调节器输出电流变化率一 定, 不能适应不同负载电流变化率的问题, 本发明提供了一种电源调制方 法及电源调制器。
本发明实施例提供的一种包络跟踪电源调制方法, 包络跟踪电源中的 多电平开关调节器输出端通过电感和线性调节器输出端并联, 该方法包括: 通过根据输入的第一参考电平信号得到的电流, 生成第一控制信号, 第一控制信号用于控制多电平开关调节器的输出电流变化趋势;
将根据第一参考电平信号得到的第二参考电平信号的幅值, 和设定的 至少三级电平的幅值进行比较, 根据比较的结果和所述第一控制信号, 输 出第二控制信号, 其中进行比较的各级电平幅值至少其中之一小于所述第 二参考电平信号的幅值, 以及至少其中之一大于所述第二参考电平信号的 幅值;
根据第二控制信号, 多电平开关调节器输出相应幅值的电平信号, 以 及在电感上加载该幅值电平输出电感电流;
将第一参考电平信号通过线性调节器进行线性调节, 得到电源输出到 负载的电压。
本发明实施例还提供了一种包络跟踪电源调制器, 包括: 线性调节器、 多电平开关调节器、 电感、 电流控制器、 电平选择控制器; 其中
多电平开关调节器输出端通过电感和线性调节器输出端并联; 电流控制器、 电平选择控制器和多电平开关调节器依次串接; 电流控制器用于通过根据输入的第一参考电平信号得到的电流生成第 一控制信号, 第一控制信号用于控制多电平开关调节器输出的电感电流变 化趋势 , 电流控制器通过输出第一控制信号的端口和电平选择控制器连接 , 根据第一参考电平信号得到的第二参考电平信号输入到电平选择控制器; 电平选择控制器用于将第二参考电平信号的幅值, 和设定的至少三级 电平的幅值进行比较, 根据比较的结果和所述第一控制信号, 输出第二控 制信号, 其中进行比较的各级电平幅值至少其中之一小于所述第二参考电 平信号的幅值, 以及至少其中之一大于所述第二参考电平信号的幅值, 电 平选择控制器通过输出第二控制信号的端口和多电平开关调节器连接; 多电平开关调节器用于根据第二控制信号输出相应幅值的电平信号, 在电感上加载该幅值电平输出电感电流;
线性调节器用于对第一参考电平信号进行线性调节, 得到电源输出到 负载的电压。
本发明实施例提供的方案, 由于多电平开关调节器与线性调节器配合, 通过多电平开关调节器输出至少三种不同幅值的电压, 进而使得电感电流 能够更好的跟踪负载电流变化, 解决了现有技术中电感电流不能够更好的 跟踪负载电流变化率的问题。 附图说明 图 1为现有技术中一种电源调制器的结构示意图;
图 2为本发明提供的电流控制器的一种可能控制原理示意图; 图 3为本发明中一种电源调制器的结构示意图;
图 4为本发明中一种具体的电源调制器的结构示意图;
图 5为本发明中电流控制器的一种可能控制方法实现的波形示意图; 图 6为本发明中电平选择控制器的一种具体实现电路结构示意图; 图 7为本发明提供电源调制器的另一种具体的结构示意图;
图 8为本发明图 7所示实施例中控制器的一种可能实现原理示意图; 图 9为本发明图 7所示实施例的一种波形示意图;
图 10为本发明提供电源调制器的再一种结构示意图;
图 11为本发明图 10所示实施例中的一种可能控制原理示意图; 图 12为本发明图 10所示实施例的一种波形示意图;
图 13为本发明提供电源调制器的一种附加结构示意图;
图 14为本发明提供电源调制器的另一种附加结构示意图;
图 15、 图 16为本发明提供电源调制器的两种结构示意图;
图 17为本发明中多电平开关调节器的一种可能结构示意图。 具体实施方式 下面结合附图对本发明实施例的技术方案进行详细说明。
为了解决现有技术中如图 1所示的采用 BUCK电路的开关调节器 102 输出电流变化率一定, 不能适应不同负载电流变化率的问题, 本发明实施 例提供一种电源调制器,如图 2所示,该电源调制器包括:线性调节器 201、 多电平开关调节器 202、 电感 203、 电流控制器 204、 电平选择控制器 205。 其中, 多电平开关调节器 202输出端通过电感 203和线性调节 201输出端 并联, 电流控制器 204、 电平选择控制器 205、 多电平开关调节器 202、 电 感 203依次串接。 电流控制器 204根据输入的第一参考电平信号 206得到 的电流 211生成第一控制信号 209,电流控制器 204通过输出第一控制信号 209的端口和电平选择控制器 205连接, 第二参考电平信号 2061输入到电 平选择控制器 205。电平选择控制器 205将根据第一参考电平信号 206得到 的第二参考电平信号 2061的幅值,和设定的至少三级电平的幅值进行比较, 根据比较的结果和第一控制信号 209, 输出第二控制信号 210。 电平选择控 制器 205通过输出第二控制信号 210的端口和多电平开关调节器 202连接。 多电平开关调节器 202根据第二控制信号 210输出相应幅值的电平信号, 在电感 203上加载该幅值电平输出电感电流 208,。 线性调节器 201对第一 参考电平信号 206进行线性调节, 得到的线性调节后输出的电压 207即电 源输出到负载的电压。 线性调节器 201和多电平开关调节器 202通过电感 203并联, 线性调节器 201采用电压控制, 根据作为第一参考电平信号 206 的包络信号, 调节输出到负载的电压, 当包络信号的变化率波动较大, 电 源调制器的负载电流也随之变化时, 电感电流 208,可以更好的跟踪负载电 流变化, 通过多电平开关调节器 202更好的控制线性调节 201输出电流, 将线性调节器 201 的输出电流限制在一个较小的滞环范围内, 以限制线性 调节器 201提供的功率, 降低其损耗从而提高整个电源系统效率。
本发明实施例提供了基于上述电源调制器实现的电源调制方法,如图 3 所示包括:
步驟 11、 通过根据输入的第一参考电平信号 206得到的电流 211 , 生 成第一控制信号 209,第一控制信号 209用于控制多电平开关调节器 202输 出的电感电流变化趋势。
步驟 12、 将根据第一参考电平信号 206得到的第二参考电平信号 2061 的幅值, 和设定的至少三级电平的幅值进行比较, 根据比较的结果和第一 控制信号 209, 输出第二控制信号 210。
步驟 13、 根据第二控制信号 210, 多电平开关调节器 202输出相应幅 值的电平信号, 在电感 203上加载该幅值电平输出电感电流 208,。
步驟 14、 对第一参考电平信号 206进行线性调节, 得到线性调节后输 出的电压 207。 如图 4所示, 对于步驟 11 , 将线性调节后输出的电流 208作为根据第 一参考电平信号 206得到的电流 211 ,可采用如图 4所示的电源调制器实现, 与图 3所示的电源调制器不同之处在于, 采样线性调节器 201输出的电流 208 (作为根据输入的第一参考电平信号得到的电流 211 )输入到电流控制 器 204。
以线性调节后输出的电流 208作为根据输入的第一参考电平信号 206 得到的电流 211为例, 生成第一控制信号 209的过程中波形示意图, 如图 5 所示, 当线性调节后输出的电流 208大于设定的上限阀值 402时, 生成的 第一控制信号 209为: 控制多电平开关调节器 202输出的电感电流增大信 号 4011 , 当线性调节后输出的电流 208小于设定的下限阀值 403时, 生成 的第一控制信号 209为: 控制多电平开关调节器 202输出的电感电流减小 信号 4012。
电流控制器 204及电平选择控制器 205的一种具体实施电路如图 6所 示, 线性调节器输出电流 208经过比较器 606和第一多路选择器 605组成 的滞环比较后,输出电感电流控制信号 209, 其中第一多路选择器 605的输 入信号为设定的上限阀值 402和设定的下限阀值 403 , 第一参考电平信号 206与多电平开关调节器 202的各级电平 602、 603、 604比较后经过累加器 608得到所处的位置信号 609, 该位置信号 609分别输入到第二多路选择器 610的控制端 615、 和第三多路选择器 611的控制端 616, 第二多路选择器 610和第三多路选择器 611分别输出当前位置的上一级电平 612和下一级电 平 613 , 其中第二多路选择器 610、 第三多路选择器 611的输入信号 601、 602、 603、 604分别为多电平开关调节器 202由低到高的各级电平。 最终, 第四多路选择器 614根据电流控制信号 209输出第二控制信号 210。
根据第一参考电平信号 206和电路参数得到的、 线性调节后输出的电 流估计, 也可以作为根据第一参考电平信号 206得到的电流 211。 不同之处 是前者是真实的电流, 后者是采用预估算法得到的电流估计。 线性调节后输出的电流估计, 作为根据第一参考电平信号 206得到的 电流 211 , 可采用如图 7所示的电源调制器实现, 与图 3所示的电源调制器 不同之处在于, 第一参考电平信号 206输入到估计器 702,估计器 702根据 第一参考电平信号 206和电路参数得到线性调节后输出的电流估计 703 (作 为根据输入的第一参考电平信号得到的电流 211 ), 估计器 702输出电流估 计的端口连接到电流控制器 204 的根据输入的第一参考电平信号得到的电 流 211 输入端, 进而通过前述电流控制和电平选择控制方法, 得到第二控 制信号 210。由于第二控制信号 210的获取并不来源于线性调节器 201的输 出, 因此, 可以通过在线性调节器 201 的第一参考电平信号 206上输入到 延时器 706来匹配多电平开关调节器 202的电路延时, 并输出延时后的第 一参考电平信号 707。前述电路可通过但不限于 FPGA/CPLD/DSP等数字控 制方式实现。
图 7中所示的电源调制器的一种具体实施电路如图 8所示。 采用第二 控制信号 210估计实际多电平开关调节器 202的输出幅值, 采用第一参考 电平信号 206估计实际线性调节器 201的输出电压, 第二控制信号 210和 第一参考电平信号 206, 输入到估计器 702的第一减法器 7021 ,估计器 702 的第一减法器 7021输出差值信号 801 ,估计器 702的减法器 7021输出的差 值信号 801为电感两端电压估计, 差值信号 801输入到估计器 702的第一 除法器 7022除以电感值后, 得到电感电流的变化率 802, 电感电流的变化 率 802输入到估计器 702的积分器 7023 , 再按时间积分得到估计的电感电 流 803。 负载电流的估计 804可由估计器 702的第二除法器 7024通过第一 参考电平信号 206除以负载值得到。 负载电流的估计 804与估计的电感电 流 803输入到估计器 702的第二减法器 7025 , 输出差值即为线性调节后输 出的电流估计 703。
采用如图 8所示的利用估计器 702的电源调制器, 一种可能信号波形 示意图如图 9所示, 其中波形 901为第二控制信号 210的波形示意图, 波 形 902为第一参考电平信号 206的波形示意图, 波形 903为多电平开关调 节器 202输出的电感电流 208,的估计与负载乘积的波形示意图。
图 9中, 可能依然存在电感电流的估计(即多电平开关调节器 202输 出的电感电流 208,的估计)跟踪不上负载电流的现象, 为进一步改善电感 电流对负载电流的跟踪效果, 图 10为图 7所示实施例基础上增加负载电流 斜率补偿的一种实施例。 加入负载电流斜率估计电路 1001和斜率补偿控制 电路 1003 , 第一参考电平信号 206输入到负载电流斜率估计电路 1001 , 负 载电流斜率估计电路 1001根据第一参考电平信号 206和电源的电路参数进 行负载电流斜率估计, 得到负载电流变化率预估信号, 输出负载电流变化 率预估信号 1002的端口和斜率补偿控制电路 1003连接, 斜率补偿控制电 路 1003对负载电流变化率预估信号 1002进行斜率补偿控制得到斜率补偿 控制信号 1005 , 输出斜率补偿控制信号 1005的端口和电平选择控制器 205 连接, 电平选择控制器 205根据斜率补偿控制信号 1005进一步调整, 通过 之前得到的第一参考电平信号 206所处的位置信号 609 (比较的结果)和第 一控制信号 209得到的第二控制信号 210,使电感电流更好地跟踪负载电流。
图 11为图 10负载电流斜率补偿方案的一种可能实现逻辑电路, 第一 参考电平信号 206输入到负载电流斜率估计电路 1001中的除法器, 除以负 载值后得到负载预估电流 804, 负载预估电流 804与其延时信号 1101相减 后得到负载电流变化率预估信号 1002,电流变化率预估信号 1002和设定的 上阀值 1102输入到斜率补偿控制电路 1003的第一比较器, 当负载电流正 向变化率超过所设上阀值 1102时输出斜率补偿控制信号 1005 ,斜率补偿控 制电路 1003的第一加法器根据此时输出的斜率补偿控制信号 1005 ,补偿当 前位置信号 609加 1 , 并输出至图 6所示电平选择控制器的 615端, 多电平 开关调节器 202正向输出更高一级幅值, 加速输出电感电流的增加。 类似 的当负载电流负向变化率超过所设下阀值 1103 时输出斜率补偿控制信号 1005 , 斜率补偿控制电路 1003的第二加法器根据此时输出的斜率补偿控制 信号 1005 , 补偿当前位置信号 609减 1 , 并输出至图 6所示电平选择控制 器的 616端, 多电平开关调节器 202 负向输出更低一级幅值, 加速输出电 感电巟的减小。
图 12为图 10所述负载电流斜率补偿方案的一种可能信号波形示意图, 其中波形 1201 为加入负载电流斜率补偿后的第二控制信号 210 波形示意 图, 波形 1202为第一参考电平信号 206的波形示意图, 波形 1203为预估 的电感电流与负载乘积的波形示意图。 图 12中可以看到电感电流跟踪负载 电流情况得到明显改善。
由于如图 7、 图 10所示实施例中, 多电平开关调节器 202的控制没有 采用线性调节器 201 输出的反馈信号, 经过预估算法的输出电平可能会导 致输出电感的伏秒平衡问题。 对于低频信号, 输出电感呈现低阻连接多电 平开关调节器和线性调节器两个电压源。 图 13方案为本发明解决此问题的 一种附加实施例, 图 13 中, 线性调节器 201 的输出接一高通滤波器 1301 后将线性调节后输出的电压进行高通滤波, 再与多电平开关调节器 202通 过电感 203并联, 这样将第一参考电平信号 206通过线性调节器 201进行 线性调节后输出的电压进行高通滤波, 将滤波后的电压作为电源输出到负 载的电压, 增加了低频信号在多电平开关调节器 202和线性调节器 201 两 个电压源之间的阻抗, 通过自动调节输出电压解决电感电流的伏秒平衡问 题。
图 14为本发明解决电感伏秒平衡问题的另一种实施例, 通过采样线性 调节器 201输出端接低通滤波器 1401 , 将线性调节后输出的电流采样信号 进行低通滤波输出电流采样信号的低频信号, 低通滤波器 1401输出电流低 频信号的接口, 与多电平开关调节器 202连接, 采用滤波后的电流采样信 号来控制多电平开关调节器 202的输出直流分量, 使电感电流平衡。
对于步驟 12,进行比较的各级电平幅值为,根据多电平开关调节器 202 输出的各级电平信号幅值设定的, 与第二参考电平信号 2061幅值相匹配的 电平幅值。
例如设定的 3级电平的幅值分别为 IV、 2V、 3V, 第二参考电平信号 2061的幅值为 2.3V, 将 2.3V和 IV、 2V、 3V比较, 由于 2.3V位于 2V、 3V之间。 确定比幅值第二参考电平信号 2061 高一级和低一级的电平分别 为 3V电平和 2V电平。 第二参考电平信号 2061可以直接采用第一参考电 平信号 206,也可以是对第一参考电平信号 206进行线性调节后得到的线性 调节器输出电平信号 207。硬件实施时,如图 15可以是电平选择控制器 205 的第二参考电平信号输入端输入的第一参考电平信号 206, 或如图 16电平 选择控制器 205 的第二参考电平信号输入端输入对第一参考电平信号 206 进行线性调节后得到的信号。
由于第一参考电平信号 206和线性调节器输出电平信号 207的幅值不 同, 例如第一参考电平信号 206的幅值为 2.3V, 线性调节器输出电平信号 207的幅值则可以为 3.3V, 因此如果采用线性调节器输出电平信号 207作 为第二参考电平信号 2061 , 则, 设定的各级电平的幅值要与线性调节器输 出电平信号 207幅值相匹配, 例如设定为 2V、 3V、 4V, 其中设定的 2V、 3V、 4V与多电平开关调节器 202输出的各级电平信号幅值相同。 无论是匹 配第一参考电平信号 206的 2V、 3V、 4V, 还是匹配线性调节器输出电平 信号 207的 IV、 2V、 3V, 都是根据多电平开关调节器 202输出的各级电 平信号幅值 2V、 3V、 4V设定的。
具体实施时, 根据第一控制信号 209为要求多电平开关调节器 202输 出的电感电流变大, 第二控制信号 210可以是指示多电平开关调节器 202 输出幅值比参考电平信号高一级的电平的控制信号, 或者根据第一控制信 号 209为要求多电平开关调节器 202输出的电感电流变小, 第二控制信号 210可以是指示多电平开关调节器 202输出幅值比参考电平信号低一级的电 平的控制信号。 例如, 第一控制信号 209为要求多电平开关调节器 202输 出的电感电流变大, 则第二控制信号 210为指示电平开关调节器 202输出 3V电平 (幅值比 2.3V参考电平信号高一级的电平) 的控制信号, 反之类 似。 无论是对应第一参考电平信号 206还是对应线性调节器输出电平信号 207, 设定各级电平的幅值的原则是, 其中进行比较的各级电平幅值至少其 中之一小于第一参考电平信号 206 (或线性调节器输出电平信号 207 ), 以 及至少其中之一大于第一参考电平信号 206 (或线性调节器输出电平信号 207 )。 当然, 根据第一控制信号 209为要求多电平开关调节器 202输出的 电感电流变大, 第二控制信号 210还可以是指示多电平开关调节器 202输 出幅值比参考电平信号高两级的电平的控制信号, 总的原则就是第一控制 信号 209为要求多电平开关调节器 202输出的电感电流变大或变小, 根据 第二参考电平信号 2061幅值与设定的各级电平的幅值的比较结果, 对应输 出的第二控制信号 210为指示多电平开关调节器 202输出幅值比参考电平 信号高 (对应电感电流变大)或低(对应电感电流变小) 的电平的控制信 若采用电流估计, 需要根据第一参考电平信号 206和电源的电路参数 进行负载电流斜率估计, 得到负载电流变化率预估信号 1002 , 并对负载电 流变化率预估信号 1002进行斜率补偿控制得到斜率补偿控制信号 1005 ,并 根据比较的结果、 第一控制信号和斜率补偿控制信号, 输出第二控制信号。 例如比较结果为第二参考电平信号 2061的幅值为 2.3V位于 2V、 3V之间, 第一控制信号 209为要求多电平开关调节器 202输出的电感电流变大, 斜 率补偿控制信号为将第二参考电平信号 2061的幅值在各级电平幅值之间的 位置加 1 , 即将位置为位于 2V、 3V之间, 变为将位置提升到更高一级的 3V、 5V (比 2V、 3V之间位置更高一级的位置)之间, 则第二控制信号为 指示多电平开关调节器输出幅值比参考电平信号高两级的电平 (5V ) 的控 制信号。
具体的, 多电平开关调节器 202可能为如图 17所示开关结构, 第二控 制信号 210不同时刻的电压作为输入电压, 如输入电压 301/302/303通过控 制开关管 304/305/306的导通选择, 可以实现多电平开关调节器输出幅值为 V1/V2/V3的输出电压 307, 其中 V1/V2/V3分别为输入电压 301/302/303的 幅值。
显然, 本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离 本发明的精神和范围。 这样, 倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权 利要求及其等同技术的范围之内, 则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在 内。 工业实用性 本发明提供了一种电源调制方法及电源调制器, 包络跟踪电源中的多 电平开关调节器输出端通过电感和线性调节器输出端并联, 通过根据输入 的第一参考电平信号得到的电流, 生成第一控制信号, 第一控制信号用于 控制多电平开关调节器的输出电流变化趋势; 将根据第一参考电平信号得 到的第二参考电平信号的幅值, 和设定的至少三级电平的幅值进行比较, 根据比较的结果和所述第一控制信号, 输出第二控制信号, 其中进行比较 的各级电平幅值至少其中之一小于所述第二参考电平信号的幅值, 以及至 少其中之一大于所述第二参考电平信号的幅值; 根据第二控制信号, 多电 平开关调节器输出相应幅值的电平信号, 以及在电感上加载该幅值电平输 出电感电流; 将第一参考电平信号通过线性调节器进行线性调节, 得到电 源输出到负载的电压。 由于多电平开关调节器与线性调节器配合, 通过多 电平开关调节器输出至少三种不同幅值的电压, 进而使得电感电流能够更 好的跟踪负载电流变化, 解决了现有技术中电感电流不能够更好的跟踪负 载电流变化率的问题。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种包络跟踪电源调制方法, 其特征在于, 包络跟踪电源中的多电 平开关调节器输出端通过电感和线性调节器输出端并联, 该方法包括: 通过根据输入的第一参考电平信号得到的电流, 生成第一控制信号, 第一控制信号用于控制多电平开关调节器的输出电流变化趋势;
将根据第一参考电平信号得到的第二参考电平信号的幅值, 和设定的 至少三级电平的幅值进行比较, 根据比较的结果和所述第一控制信号, 输 出第二控制信号, 其中进行比较的各级电平幅值至少其中之一小于所述第 二参考电平信号的幅值, 以及至少其中之一大于所述第二参考电平信号的 幅值;
根据第二控制信号, 多电平开关调节器输出相应幅值的电平信号, 以 及在电感上加载该幅值电平输出电感电流;
将第一参考电平信号通过线性调节器进行线性调节, 得到电源输出到 负载的电压。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 根据比较的结果和第一控 制信号, 输出第二控制信号具体为:
根据第一控制信号为要求多电平开关调节器输出的电感电流变大, 输 出的第二控制信号为指示多电平开关调节器输出幅值比参考电平信号高的 电平的控制信号;
根据第一控制信号为要求多电平开关调节器输出的电感电流变小, 输 出的第二控制信号为指示多电平开关调节器输出幅值比参考电平信号低的 电平的控制信号。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 将根据第一参考电平信号 得到的第二参考电平信号的幅值, 和至少三级电平的幅值进行比较具体为: 第一参考电平信号的幅值直接作为第二参考电平信号的幅值, 将第一 参考电平信号的幅值和至少三级电平的幅值进行比较。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 将根据第一参考电平信号 得到的第二参考电平信号的幅值, 和至少三级电平的幅值进行比较具体为: 对第一参考电平信号进行线性调节后得到的信号作为第二参考电平信 号的幅值, 将第一参考电平信号进行线性调节后得到的信号的幅值和至少 三级电平的幅值进行比较, 进行比较的各级电平幅值与多电平开关调节器 的输出的各级电平幅值相同。
5、 如权利要求 1至 4任一所述的方法, 其特征在于, 通过根据输入的 第一参考电平信号得到的电流, 生成第一控制信号具体为:
当根据输入的第一参考电平信号得到的电流大于设定的上限阀值时, 生成的第一控制信号为控制多电平开关调节器输出的电感电流增大信号, 当根据输入的第一参考电平信号得到的电流小于设定的下限阀值时, 生成 的第一控制信号为控制多电平开关调节器输出的电感电流减小信号。
6、 如权利要求 5所述的方法, 其特征在于, 根据输入的第一参考电平 信号得到的电流为线性调节后输出的电流 , 或根据输入的第一参考电平信 号得到的电流为根据第一参考电平信号和电源的电路参数得到线性调节后 输出的电流估计。
7、 如权利要求 6所述的方法, 其特征在于, 根据第一参考电平信号和 电源的电路参数得到线性调节后输出的电流估计后还包括:
根据第一参考电平信号和电源的电路参数进行负载电流斜率估计, 得 到负载电流变化率预估信号, 并对负载电流变化率预估信号进行斜率补偿 控制得到斜率补偿控制信号;
根据比较的结果和第一控制信号, 输出第二控制信号具体为: 根据比较的结果、 第一控制信号和斜率补偿控制信号, 输出第二控制 信号。
8、 如权利要求 6所述的方法, 其特征在于, 将第一参考电平信号通过 线性调节器进行线性调节, 得到电源输出到负载的电压具体为:
将第一参考电平信号通过线性调节器进行线性调节后输出的电压进行 高通滤波;
将高通滤波后的电压作为电源输出到负载的电压。
9、 如权利要求 6所述的方法, 其特征在于, 多电平开关调节器输出相 应幅值的电平信号, 以及在电感上加载该幅值电平输出电感电流具体为: 将线性调节后输出的电流采样信号进行低通滤波;
采用滤波后的电流采样信号来控制多电平开关调节器输出的电感电 流。
10、 一种包络跟踪电源调制器, 其特征在于, 包括: 线性调节器、 多 电平开关调节器、 电感、 电流控制器、 电平选择控制器; 其中
多电平开关调节器输出端通过电感和线性调节器输出端并联; 电流控制器、 电平选择控制器和多电平开关调节器依次串接; 电流控制器用于通过根据输入的第一参考电平信号得到的电流生成第 一控制信号, 第一控制信号用于控制多电平开关调节器输出的电感电流变 化趋势, 电流控制器通过输出第一控制信号的端口和电平选择控制器连接 , 根据第一参考电平信号得到的第二参考电平信号输入到电平选择控制器; 电平选择控制器用于将第二参考电平信号的幅值, 和设定的至少三级 电平的幅值进行比较, 根据比较的结果和所述第一控制信号, 输出第二控 制信号, 其中进行比较的各级电平幅值至少其中之一小于所述第二参考电 平信号的幅值, 以及至少其中之一大于所述第二参考电平信号的幅值, 电 平选择控制器通过输出第二控制信号的端口和多电平开关调节器连接; 多电平开关调节器用于根据第二控制信号输出相应幅值的电平信号, 在电感上加载该幅值电平输出电感电流; 线性调节器用于对第一参考电平信号进行线性调节, 得到电源输出到 负载的电压。
11、 如权利要求 10所述的电源调制器, 其特征在于, 电平选择控制器 还用于根据第一控制信号为要求多电平开关调节器输出的电感电流变大, 输出的第二控制信号为指示多电平开关调节器输出幅值比参考电平信号高 一级的电平的控制信号; 根据第一控制信号为要求多电平开关调节器输出 的电感电流变小, 输出的第二控制信号为指示多电平开关调节器输出幅值 比参考电平信号低一级的电平的控制信号。
12、 如权利要求 10所述的电源调制器, 其特征在于, 电平选择控制器 的第二参考电平信号输入端输入第一参考电平信号, 电平选择控制器还用 于将第一参考电平信号的幅值和至少三级电平的幅值进行比较。
13、 如权利要求 10所述的电源调制器, 其特征在于, 电平选择控制器 的第二参考电平信号输入端输入对第一参考电平信号进行线性调节后得到 的信号, 电平选择控制器还用于将对第一参考电平信号进行线性调节后得 到的信号的幅值, 和至少三级电平的幅值进行比较, 进行比较的各级电平 幅值与多电平开关调节器的输出的各级电平幅值相同。
14、 如权利要求 10至 13任一所述的电源调制器, 其特征在于, 电流 控制器还用于当根据输入的第一参考电平信号得到的电流大于设定的上限 阀值时, 生成的第一控制信号为控制多电平开关调节器输出的电感电流增 大信号 , 当根据输入的第一参考电平信号得到的电流小于设定的下限阀值 时, 生成的第一控制信号为控制多电平开关调节器输出的电感电流减小信
15、 如权利要求 14所述的电源调制器, 其特征在于, 电流控制器的根 据输入的第一参考电平信号得到的电流输入端输入采样的线性调节后输出 的电巟; 或 还包括估计器, 估计器用于根据第一参考电平信号和电源的电路参数 得到线性调节后输出的电流估计, 估计器输出电流估计的端口连接到电流 控制器的根据输入的第一参考电平信号得到的电流输入端。
16、 如权利要求 15所述的电源调制器, 其特征在于, 第一参考电平信 号输入到负载电流斜率估计电路, 负载电流斜率估计电路用于根据第一参 考电平信号和电源的电路参数进行负载电流斜率估计, 输出负载电流变化 率预估信号, 输出负载电流变化率预估信号的端口和斜率补偿控制电路连 接, 斜率补偿控制电路用于对负载电流变化率预估信号进行斜率补偿控制 得到斜率补偿控制信号, 输出斜率补偿控制信号的端口和电平选择控制器 连接, 电平选择控制器还用于根据比较的结果、 第一控制信号和斜率补偿 控制信号, 输出第二控制信号。
17、 如权利要求 15所述的电源调制器, 其特征在于, 线性调节器的输 出端串接高通滤波器后, 与多电平开关调节器通过电感并联。
18、 如权利要求 15所述的电源调制器, 其特征在于, 通过线性调节器 输出端连接低通滤波器, 低通滤波器输出电流采样信号的低频信号, 低通 滤波器输出电流低频信号的接口, 与多电平开关调节器连接, 多电平开关 调节器还用于采用低通滤波后的电流采样信号来控制输出电感电流。
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