Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
  • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
  • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
  • B32B15/046—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
  • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
  • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
  • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
  • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
  • B32B15/082—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising vinyl resins; comprising acrylic resins
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
  • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
  • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
  • B32B15/085—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
  • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
  • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
  • B32B15/095—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
  • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
  • B32B27/065—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
  • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
  • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
  • B32B3/04—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by at least one layer folded at the edge, e.g. over another layer ; characterised by at least one layer enveloping or enclosing a material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
  • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
  • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
  • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
  • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
  • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
  • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
  • E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
  • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
  • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
  • E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
  • E04B1/803—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped with vacuum spaces included in the slab
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F25D23/00—General constructional features
  • F25D23/06—Walls
  • F25D23/065—Details
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F25D23/00—General constructional features
  • F25D23/08—Parts formed wholly or mainly of plastics materials
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
  • B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
  • B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
  • B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
  • B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
  • B32B2266/02—Organic
  • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
  • B32B2266/0278—Polyurethane
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
  • B32B2266/02—Organic
  • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
  • B32B2266/0285—Condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas, melamines
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
  • B32B2307/304—Insulating
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/70—Other properties
  • B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
  • B32B2307/7242—Non-permeable
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2509/00—Household appliances
  • B32B2509/10—Refrigerators or refrigerating equipment
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
  • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
  • E04B2001/7691—Heat reflecting layers or coatings
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F25D2201/00—Insulation
  • F25D2201/10—Insulation with respect to heat
  • F25D2201/14—Insulation with respect to heat using subatmospheric pressure
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
  • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
  • Y02A30/242—Slab shaped vacuum insulation
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
  • Y02B80/10—Insulation, e.g. vacuum or aerogel insulation

Definitions

• the invention relates to composite elements consisting of a core of foam or a porous material which is coated with plastic film.
• Composite elements of a foam core surrounded by at least one cover layer are well known. They serve decorative purposes, but preferably the thermal insulation, for example on buildings or refrigerators.
• Refrigerators are of great importance both in the commercial and private sectors. They are manufactured in most cases by a housing is made, in which a liquid mixture of a rigid polyurethane foam system is introduced, where it hardens to polyurethane.
• vacuum insulation panels also referred to as VIP for short. These are usually introduced into the housing and foamed there with rigid polyurethane foam.
• a known method of wrapping substrates with a plastic film is the Permaskin process. This is described for example in WO 01/32400.
• a molding in a chamber between two thermoplastic films at a distance from each other is arranged and fixed, then the air evacuated from the chamber and the film thereby pressed onto the surface of the molding while maintaining a vacuum between the films.
• the film is preferably heated, in particular to a temperature which is above the softening temperature of the film.
• Polyurethane rigid foams as used in the field of heat / cold insulation, can in principle also be used as a substrate. This is described in the application WO 2008/135550. Double-coated rigid foam elements produced in this way exhibit increased load-bearing capacity, resistance to breakage, weather resistance and improved haptics and barrier action against the ingress of liquids.
• a rigid foam made of Neopolen is coated. It is also referred to that rigid polyurethane foams can be used. The rigid foams used have no further pre-applied functional layers. In the long term, however, moldings produced in this way have only insufficient insulating properties due to gas exchange processes. Furthermore, there is only a low resistance to mechanical stress as z. B. can occur when loaded with sharp or sharp objects.
• a composite element comprising a) a core of a foam or porous material, preferably a foam material, b) a cover layer applied to the core a), and c) one of the Cover layer b) different film made of a thermoplastic material.
• An object of the invention are also the production of the composite elements and their use, in particular for the production of refrigerators.
• the core a) is preferably selected from the group consisting of foams and porous materials.
• the foams a) are preferably selected from the group comprising open-cell rigid polyurethane foams, closed-cell rigid polyurethane foams and melamine-formaldehyde foams.
• the porous materials are preferably monolithic organic or inorganic polymers, also referred to below as monoliths.
• monoliths preferably monolithic organic or inorganic polymers, also referred to below as monoliths.
• aerogels are particularly preferred. Aerogels are pore-containing gels that have been dried under supercritical conditions.
• the core a) is a foam, in particular a rigid foam.
• the foams are open-celled or closed-celled.
• the open-cell foams can be rigid polyurethane foams or melamine-formaldehyde foams, preferably rigid polyurethane foams and in particular open-cell rigid polyurethane foams.
• rigid foams are to be understood as meaning foams according to DIN 7726 (05/1982) which offer relatively high resistance to deformation under compressive stress (compressive stress at 10% compression or compressive strength according to DIN 53421, 06/1984,> 80 kPa).
• the rigid polyurethane foams used as core a) are known.
• the open-cell foams which can be evacuated are also described in many cases, for example in EP 2072548.
• the foams can be used as core a) without further pretreatment.
• WO 2006/120183 describes that the foam can be compressed to improve the evacuability.
• the melamine-formaldehyde foams are also known, for example from EP 74,593th Such products are marketed for example under the name of Basotect ® from BASF SE.
• Aerogels which can be used as core a) are described, for example, in WO 2007/065847.
• the cover layer b) is preferably selected from the group containing barrier layers to gases, also referred to as diffusion barriers, where steam is also considered as gas, flame retardant layers and mechanically supporting layers.
• the diffusion barriers are preferably films which are impermeable to water vapor and other gases.
• the flame-retardant barriers are preferably thin-layered mats of mineral wool, alkali metal silicate layers, as described, for example, in WO 2006/040097, or layers of other known flame retardants, such as phosphorus, graphite, melamine or antimony trioxide.
• the mechanically assisting coatings are preferably single-layer or multi-layer layers of cardboard, plastic or sheet metal which, if appropriate, may additionally be reinforced with an underlying honeycomb structure.
• the diffusion barriers used as cover layer b) are, as described, particularly preferably films.
• cover layer b) may be a metal layer, aluminum foils being preferred.
• cover layer b) is a composite film.
• the cover layer b) is particularly preferably a multilayer composite film with a vapor-deposited or laminated metal layer.
• the metal layer of the film used as cover layer b) is particularly preferably made of aluminum.
• the cover layer b) is therefore in particular an aluminum or an aluminum composite foil.
• the film used as cover layer b) itself consists in particular of polyester, polyvinyl chloride, polyolefins such as polyethylene or polypropylene, or polyvinyl alcohol.
• aluminum composite foils b) are preferred for later sealing, consisting of an aluminum layer having a thickness of about 6 micrometers and a polyethylene layer or metallized high barrier laminates consisting of Al-vapor-deposited polyethylene or polyethylene terephthalate laminates
• the thickness of the Al layer is only 30-100 nm.
• the metallized high barrier laminates consist of at least two Al layers for penetration of small molecules, e.g. Prevent water by extending the diffusion paths.
• the thickness of the metal layer should by no means exceed several micrometers in the case of thermal insulation applications of the composite elements, since otherwise the heat loss via thermal bridges, in particular through corner discharge, becomes too great.
• the cover layer b) is a film which completely surrounds the core a).
• the cover layer b), as described, is particularly preferably a gas-impermeable film.
• the core a) is preferably evacuated.
• the above-mentioned open-cell foams such as open-cell rigid polyurethane foams and melamine-formaldehyde foams, are preferably used as core a).
• the core a) is completely enveloped by the cover layer b) and sealed gas-tight.
• the film c) consists, as stated above, of a thermoplastic material.
• a thermoplastic material This is preferably selected from the group comprising polyvinyl chloride, styrene copolymers, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and mixtures of thermoplastic polyurethane and styrene copolymers.
• Such films are known and described for example in WO2004 / 098878.
• the films used c) preferably have a thickness between 50 and 750 ⁇ , preferably between 100 and 500 ⁇ and more preferably between 200 and 350 ⁇ . They can be prepared from the appropriate raw materials in granular form by the known methods for Foil production are produced. These may be blown films or cast films, with the extrusion process being preferred for cast film production.
• the films may have been corona treated on one or both sides.
• WO2008 / 135550 describes a specific embodiment of the film c). This consists of mixtures containing thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and an acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic ester copolymer (ASA).
• TPU thermoplastic polyurethane
• ASA acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic ester copolymer
• mixtures (1) contain between 1% by weight and 40% by weight, preferably between 3% by weight and 30% by weight, particularly preferably between 5% by weight and 25% by weight
• thermoplastic polyurethane in particular based on aliphatic isocyanate and between 60% by weight and 99% by weight, preferably between 70% by weight and 97% by weight, particularly preferably between 75% by weight and 95% by weight
• B Acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic ester copolymer (ASA) and / or acrylonitrile-ethylene homo or copolymer-styrene (AES) material, preferably acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic ester copolymer (ASA), in each case based on the total weight of the mixture (1 ), preferably based on the sum of the weights of (A) and (B) in the mixture (1).
• ASA Acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic ester copolymer
• AES acrylonitrile-ethylene homo or copoly
• the ASA (B) is preferably based on:
• (B1 1 1) 70 to 99.9 wt .-% of at least one alkyl acrylate
• (B121) 65 to 90 wt .-%, preferably 70 to 80 wt .-% of at least one vinyl aromatic
• (B122) from 10 to 35% by weight, preferably from 20 to 30% by weight, of at least one polar, copolymerisable unsaturated monomer, preferably acrylonitrile and / or methacrylonitrile,
• (B23) 0 to 9 wt .-% of at least one comonomer, wherein the weights of (B1) and (B2) on the weight of (B), the weights of (B1 1 and B12) on the weight of (B1) , the weight data for (B1 1 1), (B1 12) and (B1 13) on the weight of the component (B1 1), (B121), (B122) and (B123) on the weight of (B12) and the weights of (B21), (B22) and (B23) are based on the weight of (B2).
• AES materials consist of a matrix of polystyrene and acrylonitrile and optionally other monomers.
• AES materials differ from ASA materials in component B1 1, which in the case of AES materials can be based on ethylene homo- or copolymers.
• Suitable copolymers are, for example, C3- to C20-alpha-olefins, preferably C3- to C8-alpha-olefins.
• AES plastics are described in detail in a suitable composition as well as with regard to their preparation processes in the Handbook of Technical Polymer Chemistry, VCH Verlag, 1993, in particular page 490.
• the TPU is preferably an aliphatic TPU, in particular hexamethylene diisocyanate-1, 6 (HDI) being used as the isocyanate.
• HDI hexamethylene diisocyanate-1, 6
• an adhesive is preferably applied between the two films.
• the adhesives used are preferably aqueous polyurethane-based systems, both one-component and two-component systems.
• one-component adhesives are usually polyurethane dispersions into consideration. These are known and commercially available, by way of example Jowapur® 150.50 of the company Jowat mentioned here.
• two-component adhesives are usually combinations of polyurethane dispersions in question, for example Jowapur® 150.30 with isocyanates such as Jowat® 195.40 the company Jowat.
• adhesives based on acrylate or epoxy resin are also suitable for use.
• the application of the adhesive can be carried out by the conventional methods such as painting, rolling or spraying, wherein the spraying is particularly preferred.
• Drying time at room temperature following the adhesive application is sufficient for the systems described.
• the adhesive is on one of the films b) and c), preferably on the film c).
• a two-layer film with an adhesion promoter based on elastomeric styrene-butadiene block polymers as described, for example, in WO-A 96/23823 and WO-A 97/46608 is suitable for coating rigid foams by the process according to the invention.
• coextruded two-layer films consisting of a carrier layer such as polystyrene, Hl PS, ASA, polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene or polyester and an adhesive layer of an elastomeric thermoplastic such as said styrene-butadiene block polymers used.
• a carrier layer such as polystyrene, Hl PS, ASA, polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene or polyester
• an adhesive layer of an elastomeric thermoplastic such as said styrene-butadiene block polymers used.
• the composite elements usually have a dimension of DIN A4 format up to a few square meters.
• the layer thickness of the composite elements usually ranges from 50 to 2000 mm.
• the production of composite elements is preferably carried out according to the method described in WO 01/32400.
• this method includes the steps
• the layer b) can be applied to the core a) in a separate process.
• the application of the film used as cover layer b) can also be carried out immediately before introduction into the device for applying the film c).
• the evacuation and the sealing with component b) can take place before the application of the film c).
• Such a method would include the steps a1) providing a core of foam or a porous material a), b1) wrapping of the core with a film b), c1) evacuation of the core a) and airtight sealing of the film b), d1) arrangement of the coated core a) in one Chamber with at least one film c) with a distance between the film c) and the coated core and its attachment, e1) evacuation of the air from the chamber, f1) heating of the plastic film c) and gl) pressing the plastic film c) on the surface of the coated core a), h1) removal of the composite element.
• the evacuation of the core in the device for applying the film c) can take place.
• Such a method would include the steps
• the film c) is heated above the softening point in step f).
• steps b) and c) are performed in the same device.
• the molded part is arranged and fastened in a capsule between films at a distance ratio
• the films are thereby pressed onto opposite surfaces of the molding, while maintaining a vacuum between the films. This prevents surface defects such as wrinkles or warping.
• the film c) can be applied to one side of the composite element.
• a film c) is applied to two opposite sides of the molded body.
• the film c) can be flush with the edge of the molding;
• the film c) may be bent over the edge of the molding.
• the shaped body can also be completely surrounded by the film c).
• the composite elements according to the invention can be used in many ways. So they can be used in construction, for example in the thermal insulation of buildings.
• the film c) serves both decorative purposes and the protection of the core a) from the weather.
• the moldings according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously in the production of refrigerators.
• the composite elements can be made in the form of the walls and doors of refrigerators. These components can then be assembled into the finished cooling unit. This considerably simplifies the manufacture of the refrigerators. Again, by the film c) the color and decor of the refrigerators can be varied. In addition, protection of the surface is achieved.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

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Cited By (34)

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• 2012
  • 2012-02-29 CN CN2012800109431A patent/CN103402754A/zh active Pending
  • 2012-02-29 AU AU2012224772A patent/AU2012224772B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2012-02-29 IN IN6932CHN2013 patent/IN2013CN06932A/en unknown
  • 2012-02-29 WO PCT/EP2012/053393 patent/WO2012119892A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2012-02-29 EP EP12706833.6A patent/EP2681044A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2012-02-29 BR BR112013019576A patent/BR112013019576A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2012-02-29 JP JP2013555857A patent/JP2014508057A/ja active Pending
  • 2012-02-29 RU RU2013144410/05A patent/RU2013144410A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2012-02-29 KR KR1020137026345A patent/KR20140009451A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 2012-02-29 MX MX2013008937A patent/MX2013008937A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
• 2013
  • 2013-10-02 ZA ZA2013/07355A patent/ZA201307355B/en unknown

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