Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
  • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • C07K14/705—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
  • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
  • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • A61K38/177—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
  • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • A61K38/177—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants
  • A61K38/1793—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants for cytokines; for lymphokines; for interferons
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
  • A61P11/06—Antiasthmatics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
  • A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
  • A61P25/16—Anti-Parkinson drugs
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
  • A61P35/04—Antineoplastic agents specific for metastasis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/12—Antihypertensives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • C07K14/705—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants
  • C07K14/715—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants for cytokines; for lymphokines; for interferons
  • C07K14/7158—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants for cytokines; for lymphokines; for interferons for chemokines
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
  • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
  • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
  • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
  • G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
  • G01N33/6863—Cytokines, i.e. immune system proteins modifying a biological response such as cell growth proliferation or differentiation, e.g. TNF, CNF, GM-CSF, lymphotoxin, MIF or their receptors
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides

Definitions

• Membrane proteins play vital roles in all living systems. Approximately -30% of all genes in almost all sequenced genomes, code for membrane proteins. However, our detailed understanding of their structure and function lags far behind that of soluble proteins. As of February 2012, there are over 79,500 structures in the Protein Data Bank
• the present invention is directed to water-soluble membrane peptides, compositions comprising said peptides, methods for the preparation thereof and methods of use thereof.
• the invention encompasses a water-soluble polypeptide comprising a modified a- helical domain, wherein the modified a-helical domain comprises an amino acid sequence in which one or more hydrophobic amino acid residues within a ⁇ -helical domain of a native membrane protein is replaced with one or more hydrophilic amino acid residues.
• the invention also encompasses a method of preparing a water-soluble polypeptide comprising replacing one or more hydrophobic amino acid residues within the ⁇ -helical domain of a native membrane protein with one or more hydrophilic amino acid residues.
• the invention additionally encompasses a polypeptide prepared by replacing one or more hydrophobic amino acid residues within the ⁇ -helical domain of a native membrane protein with one or more hydrophilic amino acid residues.
• the invention further encompasses a method of treatment for a disorder or disease that is mediated by the activity a membrane protein in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to said subject an effective amount of a water-soluble polypeptide comprising a modified ⁇ -helical domain, wherein the modified ⁇ -helical domain comprises an amino acid sequence in which one or more hydrophobic amino acid residues within a ⁇ -helical domain of the membrane protein is replaced with one or more hydrophilic amino acid residues.
• the water-soluble polypeptide retains the ligand-binding activity of the membrane protein.
• disorders and diseases that can be treated by administering a water-soluble peptide of the invention include, but are not limited to, cancer (such as, small cell lung cancer, melanoma, triple negative breast cancer), Parkinson's disease,
• cardiovascular disease cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and bronchial asthma.
• the invention also encompasses a pharmaceutical composition
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising a water- soluble polypeptide of the invention and pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.
• the ⁇ -helical domain is a 7-transmembrane ⁇ -helical domain.
• the native membrane protein is a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR).
• GPCR G-protein coupled receptor
• the GPCR is selected from the group comprising purinergic receptors (P2Yi, P2Y 2 , P2Y 4 , P2Y 6 ), Mi and M 3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, receptors for thrombin [protease-activated receptor (PAR)-1, PAR- 2], thromboxane (TXA 2 ), sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P 2 , S1P 3 , S1P 4 and S1P 5 ),
• LPAi lysophosphatidic acid
• ATi angiotensin II
• serrotonin 5-HT 2c and 5- HT 4
• somatostatin sst 5
• endothelin ETA and ET B
• cholecystokinin CCKi
• Vi a vasopressin receptors D 5 dopamine receptors, fMLP formyl peptide receptors, GAL 2 galanin receptors, EP 3 prostanoid receptors, Ai adenosine receptors, i adrenergic receptors, BB 2 bombesin receptors, B 2 bradykinin receptors, calcium-sensing receptors, chemokine receptors, KSHV-ORF74 chemokine receptors, NKi tachykinin receptors, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, protease-activated receptors, neuropeptide receptors, adenos
• the native membrane protein or membrane protein is an integral membrane protein.
• the native membrane protein is a mammalian protein.
• the native membrane protein is an olfactory receptor.
• the olfactory receptor is mOR103-15.
• the hydrophilic residues (which replace one or more hydrophobic residues in the a-helical domain of a native membrane protein) are selected from the group consisting of glutamine (Q), threonine (T), tyrosine (Y) and any combination thereof.
• one or more hydrophobic residues selected from leucine (L), isoleucine (I), valine (V) and phenylalanine (F) are replaced.
• one or more phenylalanine residues of the ⁇ -helical domain of the protein are replaced with tyrosine. In certain additional embodiments, one or more isoleucine and/or valine residues of the ⁇ -helical domain of the protein are replaced with threonine. In yet additional aspects, one or more phenylalanine residues of the a-helical domain of the protein are replaced with tyrosine and one or more isoleucine and/or valine residues of the ⁇ -helical domain of the protein are replaced with threonine. In additional embodiments, one or more leucine residues of the ⁇ -helical domain of the protein are replaced with glutamine.
• one or more leucine residues of the ⁇ -helical domain of the protein are replaced with glutamine and one or more isoleucine and/or valine residues of the protein are replaced with threonine.
• one or more leucine residues of the ⁇ -helical domain of the protein are replaced with glutamine and one or more phenylalanine residues of the ⁇ -helical domain of the protein are replaced with tyrosine.
• one or more leucine residues of the a- helical domain of the protein are replaced with glutamine, one or more phenylalanine residues of the ⁇ -helical domain of the protein are replaced with tyrosine, and one or more isoleucine and/or valine residues of the ⁇ -helical domain of the protein are replaced with threonine.
• the water-soluble polypeptide retains at least some of the biological activity of the native membrane protein. In an aspect of this embodiment, the water-soluble polypeptide retains the ability to bind the ligand which normally binds to the native membrane protein. In another embodiment, one or more amino acids within potential ligand binding sites of the native membrane protein are not replaced.
• examples of native membrane proteins with one or more amino acids not replaced within potential ligand-binding sites are purinergic receptors (P2Yi, P2Y 2 , P2Y 4 , P2Y 6 ), Mi and M 3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, receptors for thrombin [protease- activated receptor (PAR)-1, PAR-2], thromboxane (TXA 2 ), sphingosine 1 -phosphate (S1P 2 , S1P 3 , S1P 4 and S1P 5 ), lysophosphatidic acid (LPAi, LPA 2 , LPA 3 ), angiotensin II (ATi), serotonin (5-HT 2c and 5-HT 4 ), somatostatin (ssts), endothelin (ETA and ET B ), cholecystokinin (CCKi), Via vasopressin receptors, D 5 dopamine receptors, f
• one or more amino acids within potential odorant binding sites of the native membrane protein are not replaced.
• water-soluble polypeptide comprising a modified a-helical domain comprises the amino acid sequence of MERRNHTGRV SEFVLLGFPA
• the water-soluble polypeptide comprising a modified 7-transmembrane a-helical domain comprises one or more of the following amino acid sequences:
• TNKLVSVLYAVIVPLLNPIIYCLRN SEQ ID NO: 9
• the secondary structure of the water-soluble peptide is determined. In some embodiments, the secondary structure is determined using circular dichroism.
• ligand binding to the water-soluble polypeptide is measured. In some aspects, ligand binding affinity of the water-soluble polypeptide is compared to that of the native protein. In additional aspects, ligand binding is measured using microscale thermophoresis, calcium influx assay or any combination thereof.
• the invention encompasses a cell transfected with a water-soluble peptide comprising a modified a-helical domain.
• the cell is a mammalian cell.
• a mammalian cell that can be transfected is a HEK293 cell.
• FIG. 1 shows the amino acid sequences of native mOR103-15 and mutated mORl OS- IS using glutamine, threonine and tyrosine (QTY) replacements.
• QTY glutamine, threonine and tyrosine
• FIG. 2 shows molecular models of a QTY Replacement olfactory receptor mOR103- 15. A total 36 mutations have been made (-10.5%) in the 7-transmembrane helical segments. These mutations do not change the charged residues, so the variant receptor mass and pi remain largely unchanged.
• the molecular shapes and sizes of amino acids, Q, T, and Y are very similar to L, V/I and Y, so there are minimal overall local shape changes. A segment of 20 amino acids at the C-terminus are not modeled for clarity.
• FIGs. 3A-3C A) Top view of the QTY replacements and B) side view of the QTY replacements. Note the mutations are only on one side of the helices. The native receptor without mutations has a folded structure similar to a i adrenergic receptor, whereas after mutation, the structure is similar to the ⁇ adrenergic receptor. C) Simulated structures of superimposed native mOR103-15 (red) and designed QTY mutation of mOR103-15 (blue). The overall structural difference is -0.8 A average.
• FIG. 4 Circular dichroism spectrum of CXCR4 and designed QTY mutation of CXCR4-QTY.
• FIG. 5 SDS Gel showing comparison of molecular weight between native CXCR4 and CXCR4 with QTY mutations (SEQID NO: 10: CXCR4 QTY).
• FIG. 6 Use of QTY replacements to systematically mutate key residues on the 7- transmembrane alpha-helices and few other hydrophobic residues to convert the water- insoluble membrane form CXCR4 into a water-soluble form.
• A) We have changed positions b, c,/with the more water-soluble residues Q, T, Y. We do not change the positions a, d, e, g. These positions are believed to maintain the specific clustering of individual alpha-helices.
• C) The native residues are labeled in red letters and D) mutations are labeled in blue letters in the sequence.
• the invention is directed to the use of the QTY (Glutamine, threonine and tyrosine) replacement method to systematically change the 7-transmembrane a-helix hydrophobic residues leucine (L), isoleucine (I), valine (V), and phenylalanine (F) of a native protein to the hydrophilic residues glutamine (Q), threonine (T) and tyrosine (Y).
• Q hydrophilic residues glutamine
• T threonine
• Y tyrosine
• Another innovation of the invention is to convert the water-insoluble olfactory receptor mOR103-15 into a water-soluble one with about 10.5% specific residues changes (36aa/340aa). This will be accomplished by systematically and selectively changing key residues at the a-helical positions b, c, f that usually face the hydrophilic surface, while maintaining the hydrophobic residues at ⁇ -helical positions a, d, e, g.
• the synthetic biology design method is general and broadly applicable to the study of other olfactory receptors and G-protein coupled receptors. This strategy has the potential to overcome the bottleneck of crystallizing olfactory receptors, as well as additional GPCRs and other membrane proteins.
• the Q, T, Y residues are more water-soluble than L, F, I, or V, which cannot form any hydrogen bonds with their side chains.
• the proposed substitutions will not have any positive- or negative-charges changes.
• the molecular shapes and sizes are very similar for the pairs: leucine/glutamine, phenylalanine/tyrosine, valine/threonine, and
• the secondary structure of the water-soluble olfactory receptor as well as measure its odorant-binding capabilities can be examined. If odorant-binding is detected with the QTY replacements, then it is likely that we have preserved important components of the original structure.
• the secondary structure and binding of the designed water-soluble olfactory receptor with the native olfactory receptor can be prepared. Milligram quantities of the water-soluble receptor can be produced and crystal screens can be set up with and without odorants.
• the native membrane protein is a G-protein coupled receptor
• the native membrane protein is an olfactory receptor.
• the olfactory receptor is a mammalian receptor.
• the olfactory receptor is mOR103-15.
• the water-soluble polypeptide retains at least some of the biological activity of the native membrane protein.
• the membrane protein is a membrane receptor that mediates a disease or condition.
• the native membrane protein is a GPCR selected from the group comprising purinergic receptors (P2Yi, P2Y 2 , P2Y 4 , P2Y 6 ), Mi and M 3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, receptors for thrombin [protease-activated receptor (PAR)-1, PAR- 2], thromboxane (TXA 2 ), sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P 2 , S1P 3 , S1P 4 and S1P 5 ),
• LPAi lysophosphatidic acid
• ATi angiotensin II
• serrotonin 5-HT 2c and 5- HT 4
• somatostatin sst 5
• endothelin ETA and ET B
• cholecystokinin CCKi
• Vi a vasopressin receptors D 5 dopamine receptors, fMLP formyl peptide receptors, GAL 2 galanin receptors, EP 3 prostanoid receptors, Ai adenosine receptors, i adrenergic receptors, BB 2 bombesin receptors, B 2 bradykinin receptors, calcium-sensing receptors, chemokine receptors, KSHV-ORF74 chemokine receptors, NKi tachykinin receptors, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, protease-activated receptors, neuropeptide receptors, adenos
• the invention is directed to a pharmaceutical composition or method of treatment described herein wherein the native membrane protein is a GPCR selected from the group comprising purinergic receptors (P2Yi, P2Y 2 , P2Y 4 , P2Y 6 ), Mi and M 3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, receptors for thrombin [protease-activated receptor (PAR)-1, PAR-2], thromboxane (TXA 2 ), sphingosine 1 -phosphate (S1P 2 , S1P 3 , S1P 4 and S1P 5 ), lysophosphatidic acid (LPAi, LPA 2 , LPA 3 ), angiotensin II ( ⁇ ), serotonin (5-HT 2c and 5-HT 4 ), somatostatin (sst 5 ), endothelin (ETA and ET B ), cholecystokinin (CCKi), Vi a vasopressin receptors,
• the water-soluble polypeptide retains the at least some of the ligand-binding activity of the membrane protein.
• the GPCRs are mammalian receptors.
• one or more amino acids within potential ligand binding sites of the native membrane protein are not replaced.
• examples of native membrane proteins with potential ligand-binding sites having one or more amino acids not replaced include purinergic receptors (P2Yi, P2Y 2 , P2Y 4 , P2Y 6 ), Mi and M 3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, receptors for thrombin [protease-activated receptor (PAR)-1, PAR-2], thromboxane (TXA 2 ), sphingosine 1 -phosphate (S1P 2 , S1P 3 , S1P 4 and S IP 5 ), lysophosphatidic acid (LPAi, LPA 2 , LPA 3 ), angiotensin II (ATi), serotonin (5-HT 2c and 5-HT 4 ), somatostatin (sst 5 ), endothelin (ETA and ET B ), cholecysto
• the invention further encompasses a method of treatment for a disorder or disease that is mediated by the activity of a membrane protein, comprising the use of a water-soluble polypeptide to treat said disorders and diseases, wherein said water-soluble polypeptide comprises a modified a-helical domain, and wherein said water-soluble polypeptide retains the ligand-binding activity of the native membrane protein.
• disorders and diseases include, but are not limited to, cancer, small cell lung cancer, melanoma, breast cancer, Parkinson's disease, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and asthma.
• the water-soluble peptides described herein can be used for the treatment of conditions or diseases mediated by the activity of a membrane protein.
• the water-soluble peptides can act as "decoys" for the membrane receptor and bind to the ligand that activates the membrane receptor.
• the water-soluble peptides described herein can be used to reduce the activity of a membrane protein.
• These water- soluble peptides can remain in the circulation and bind to specific ligands, thereby reducing the activity of membrane bound receptors.
• the GPCR CXCR4 is over-expressed in small cell lung cancer and facilitates metastasis of tumor cells. Binding of this ligand by a water-soluble peptide such as that described herein may significantly reduce metastasis.
• the chemokine receptor, CXCR4 is known in viral research as a major coreceptor for the entry of T cell line -tropic HIV (Feng, et al. (1996) Science 272: 872-877; Davis, et al. (1997) J Exp Med 186: 1793-1798; Zaitseva, et al. (1997) Nat Med 3: 1369-1375; Sanchez, et al. (1997) J Biol Chem 272: 27529-27531).
• T Stromal cell derived factor 1 (SDF-1) is a chemokine that interacts specifically with CXCR4.
• CXCR4 activates Gcri protein-mediated signaling (pertussis toxin-sensitive) (Chen, et al. (1998) Mol Pharmacol 53: 177-181), including downstream kinase pathways such as Ras/MAP Kinases and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt in lymphocyte, megakaryocytes, and hematopoietic stem cells (Bleul, et al. (1996) Nature 382: 829-833; Deng, et al. (1997) Nature 388: 296-300; Kijowski, et al. (2001) Stem Cells 19: 453-466; Majka, et al.
• Gcri protein-mediated signaling pertussis toxin-sensitive
• CXCR4 interactions may regulate the migration of metastatic cells.
• Hypoxia a reduction in partial oxygen pressure, is a microenvironmental change that occurs in most solid tumors and is a major inducer of tumor angiogenesis and therapeutic resistance.
• Hypoxia increases CXCR4 levels (Staller, et al. (2003) Nature 425: 307-311).
• Microarray analysis on a sub-population of cells from a bone metastatic model with elevated metastatic activity showed that one of the genes increased in the metastatic phenotype was CXCR4.
• overexpression CXCR4 in isolated cells significantly increased the metastatic activity (Kang, et al. (2003) Cancer Cell 3: 537-549). In samples collected from various breast cancer patients, Muller et al.
• CXCR4 expression level is higher in primary tumors relative to normal mammary gland or epithelial cells.
• CXCR4 antibody treatment has been shown to inhibit metastasis to regional lymph nodes when compared to control isotypes that all metastasized to lymph nodes and lungs (Muller, et al. (2001)).
• a decoy therapy model is suitable for treating CXCR4 mediated diseases and disorders.
• a disease or disorder involving CXCR4-dependent chemotaxis wherein the disease is associated with aberrant leukocyte recruitment or activation.
• the disease is selected from the group consisting of arthritis, psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, allergy, asthma, AIDS associated encephalitis, AIDS related maculopapular skin eruption, AIDS related interstitial pneumonia, AIDS related enteropathy, AIDS related periportal hepatic inflammation and AIDS related glomerulo nephritis.
• the invention relates to the treatment of a disease or disorder selected from arthritis, lymphoma, non-small lung cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, multiple sclerosis, central nervous system developmental disease, dementia,
• Parkinson's disease Alzheimer's disease, tumor, fibroma, astrocytoma, myeloma,
• the invention also encompasses a pharmaceutical composition comprising said water- soluble polypeptide and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.
• compositions can also include, depending on the formulation desired,
• pharmaceutically-acceptable, non-toxic carriers or diluents which are defined as vehicles commonly used to formulate pharmaceutical compositions for animal or human
• the diluent is selected so as not to affect the biological activity of the pharmacologic agent or composition.
• examples of such diluents are distilled water, physiological phosphate-buffered saline, Ringer's solutions, dextrose solution, and Hank's solution.
• the pharmaceutical composition or formulation may also include other carriers, adjuvants, or nontoxic, nontherapeutic, nonimmunogenic stabilizers and the like.
• compositions can also include large, slowly metabolized macromolecules such as proteins, polysaccharides such as chitosan, polylactic acids, polyglycolic acids and copolymers (such as latex functionalized SEPHAROSETM, agarose, cellulose, and the like), polymeric amino acids, amino acid copolymers, and lipid aggregates (such as oil droplets or liposomes).
• macromolecules such as proteins, polysaccharides such as chitosan, polylactic acids, polyglycolic acids and copolymers (such as latex functionalized SEPHAROSETM, agarose, cellulose, and the like), polymeric amino acids, amino acid copolymers, and lipid aggregates (such as oil droplets or liposomes).
• compositions can be administered parenterally such as, for example, by intravenous, intramuscular, intrathecal or subcutaneous injection.
• Parenteral administration can be accomplished by incorporating a composition into a solution or suspension.
• solutions or suspensions may also include sterile diluents such as water for injection, saline solution, fixed oils, polyethylene glycols, glycerine, propylene glycol or other synthetic solvents.
• Parenteral formulations may also include antibacterial agents such as, for example, benzyl alcohol or methyl parabens, antioxidants such as, for example, ascorbic acid or sodium bisulfite and chelating agents such as EDTA.
• Buffers such as acetates, citrates or phosphates and agents for the adjustment of tonicity such as sodium chloride or dextrose may also be added.
• the parenteral preparation can be enclosed in ampules, disposable syringes or multiple dose vials made of glass or plastic.
• auxiliary substances such as wetting or emulsifying agents, surfactants, pH buffering substances and the like can be present in compositions.
• Other components of pharmaceutical compositions are those of petroleum, animal, vegetable, or synthetic origin, for example, peanut oil, soybean oil, and mineral oil.
• glycols such as propylene glycol or polyethylene glycol are preferred liquid carriers, particularly for injectable solutions.
• injectable formulations can be prepared either as liquid solutions or suspensions; solid forms suitable for solution in, or suspension in, liquid vehicles prior to injection can also be prepared.
• the preparation also can also be emulsified or encapsulated in liposomes or micro particles such as polylactide, polyglycolide, or copolymer for enhanced adjuvant effect, as discussed above. Langer, Science 249: 1527, 1990 and Hanes, Advanced Drug Delivery
• compositions and pharmacologic agents described herein can be administered in the form of a depot injection or implant preparation which can be formulated in such a manner as to permit a sustained or pulsatile release of the active ingredient.
• Transdermal administration includes percutaneous absorption of the composition through the skin.
• Transdermal formulations include patches, ointments, creams, gels, salves and the like. Transdermal delivery can be achieved using a skin patch or using
• Treating” or “treatment” includes preventing or delaying the onset of the symptoms, complications, or biochemical indicia of a disease, alleviating or ameliorating the symptoms or arresting or inhibiting further development of the disease, condition, or disorder.
• a “patient” is a human subject in need of treatment.
• an “effective amount” refers to that amount of the therapeutic agent that is sufficient to ameliorate of one or more symptoms of a disorder and/or prevent advancement of a disorder, cause regression of the disorder and/or to achieve a desired effect.
• Example 1 Systematic analyses of the ligand-binding properties of olfactory receptors
• the Q (Glutamine) T (Threonine) Y (Tyrosine) QTY replacement are used to convert a water-insoluble olfactory receptor to a water-soluble one for biochemical, biophysical and structural analyses.
• Our specific aims are to: 1) Use the QTY (Glutamine, threonine and tyrosine) replacement method to systematically change the 7-transmembrane a-helix hydrophobic residues leucine (L), isoleucine (I), valine (V), and phenylalanine (F) to the hydrophilic residues glutamine (Q), threonine (T) and tyrosine (Y). This method converts the protein from a water-insoluble olfactory receptor to a water-soluble one.
• the Q, T, Y residues are more water-soluble than L, F, I, or V, which cannot form any hydrogen bonds with their side chains. The substitutions will not have any positive- or negative-charges changes.
• the molecular shapes and sizes are very similar for the pairs: leucine/glutamine, phenylalaine/tyrosine, valine/threonine, and
• KR.FSTCASHI ⁇ * ⁇ . ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ ⁇ * SftroT tKLVS VL3 ⁇ 43 ⁇ 4V3 ⁇ 4rBLQ YCgtWQ SV KAU3 ⁇ 4RT1J HLAQGQDAST bedefgabed efga defg abed abedef gabedefg b edefgabc
• CD circular dichroism
• thermophoresis measurements Microscale thermophoresis directly measures ligand binding, while calcium influx assays measure activation. Combined, these assays can verify whether specific mutations affect binding, activation, or both. Additionally, we can distinguish between agonist and antagonist ligands.
• Biacore CM5 chips were activated with l-Ethyl-3-[3-dimethylaminopropyl]carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxysuccinimide according to the manufacturer's protocol prior to a 7 minute injection at 5 ⁇ 1/ ⁇ of 1D4 Ab to flow cells 2-4 at 7( ⁇ g/ml followed by
• the immobilization level of 1D4 Ab range from 8000-25000 Response units (RU).
• CXCR4 and CXCR4 QTY mutant are captured by the 1D4 Ab on the CM5 chip by injecting a O.lmg/ml sample of the protein to a single flow cell at 5 ⁇ 1/ ⁇ during 15min with both sample and running buffer containing 0.2% Fos-Choline-14 detergent.
• the receptors were captured to a level of 800-3000 RU.
• SDFl were injected over all flow cells to allow interaction with both the receptors and flow cell one is used as a reference cell without any immobilized protein. Injections were made at 0, 7.8nM, 15.6nM, 31.25nM, 62.5nM, 125nM, 250nM, 500nM, ⁇ in triplicates, at
• HBST 50mM Hepes, pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.005% Tween-20
• BSA 0.2% BSA
• Fos- Choline-14 was used as both running buffer and for dilution of the SDFl samples.

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
• Immunology (AREA)
• Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
• Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
• Cell Biology (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Biochemistry (AREA)
• Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
• Biophysics (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Neurosurgery (AREA)
• Neurology (AREA)
• Hematology (AREA)
• Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
• Rheumatology (AREA)
• Cardiology (AREA)
• Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
• Pulmonology (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• Biotechnology (AREA)
• Pathology (AREA)
• Microbiology (AREA)

Priority Applications (12)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=46721234

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (14)

Cited By (6)

Families Citing this family (23)

Citations (3)

Family Cites Families (28)

• 2012
  • 2012-02-23 CA CA2827187A patent/CA2827187C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2012-02-23 CN CN201810684571.XA patent/CN108752461A/zh active Pending
  • 2012-02-23 SG SG2013059811A patent/SG192646A1/en unknown
  • 2012-02-23 MX MX2013009715A patent/MX347038B/es active IP Right Grant
  • 2012-02-23 US US13/403,725 patent/US8637452B2/en active Active
  • 2012-02-23 BR BR112013020969A patent/BR112013020969A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2012-02-23 JP JP2013555565A patent/JP6263773B2/ja active Active
  • 2012-02-23 EA EA201391041A patent/EA201391041A1/ru unknown
  • 2012-02-23 AU AU2012220558A patent/AU2012220558A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2012-02-23 SG SG10201701547VA patent/SG10201701547VA/en unknown
  • 2012-02-23 WO PCT/US2012/026353 patent/WO2012116203A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2012-02-23 CN CN2012800096906A patent/CN103458915A/zh active Pending
  • 2012-02-23 KR KR1020137024789A patent/KR101963914B1/ko active Active
  • 2012-02-23 EP EP12750085.8A patent/EP2709647B1/en active Active
• 2013
  • 2013-08-08 IL IL227886A patent/IL227886A0/en active IP Right Grant
  • 2013-08-21 CL CL2013002419A patent/CL2013002419A1/es unknown
  • 2013-12-13 US US14/105,252 patent/US9309302B2/en active Active
• 2016
  • 2016-03-23 US US15/078,036 patent/US10035837B2/en active Active
  • 2016-03-29 AU AU2016201914A patent/AU2016201914A1/en not_active Abandoned
• 2017
  • 2017-11-15 AU AU2017261525A patent/AU2017261525A1/en not_active Abandoned
• 2018
  • 2018-07-13 US US16/034,549 patent/US20180312562A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2018-08-14 IL IL261151A patent/IL261151A/en unknown

Patent Citations (3)

Non-Patent Citations (25)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events