WO2012111277A1 - Method for improving number of sows beginning to nurse or number of weaning sows - Google Patents
Method for improving number of sows beginning to nurse or number of weaning sows Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012111277A1 WO2012111277A1 PCT/JP2012/000818 JP2012000818W WO2012111277A1 WO 2012111277 A1 WO2012111277 A1 WO 2012111277A1 JP 2012000818 W JP2012000818 W JP 2012000818W WO 2012111277 A1 WO2012111277 A1 WO 2012111277A1
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- astaxanthin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/179—Colouring agents, e.g. pigmenting or dyeing agents
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for improving the number of suckling heads or weaning heads of mother pigs by feeding an improvement agent for the number of suckling heads or weaning heads containing astaxanthin to a sow after pregnancy, It relates to an improver.
- the efficiency of the livestock industry has become an important issue as a protein source or lipid source.
- the total amount of pork purchased in the 2005 Food Distribution Survey (Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries) is 5.1 million tons, but the self-sufficiency rate is as low as 61%. From the viewpoint of consumers seeking safe foods or high-quality foods that are good for health, it is expected that the self-sufficiency rate of domestic pork will be increased in the future.
- the feed for pig breeding (for example, refer patent document 4) which can accelerate
- a feed additive for mother pigs and a feed for mother pigs (for example, refer to Patent Document 5) that improves the breeding efficiency of mother pigs by giving birth to as many multiples as possible in fertilization by fertilization.
- breeding sow breeding feed containing oligosaccharides as the main component between pregnancy and weaning, the incidence of premature babies is reduced and lactation in sows is increased.
- Patent Document 6 A method (for example, see Patent Document 6) and a method for improving productivity by improving the breeding rate of breeding pigs and the nursing rate of lactating piglets by feeding a feed supplemented with electrolyte-adjusting minerals (for example, Patent Document 7) See).
- astaxanthin is a carotenoid known to have functions such as an antioxidant effect and an anti-inflammatory effect, and is used by being added to foods, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and other processed products.
- astaxanthin is given to mother pigs during the period from 35 days before parturition to the lactation period and 21 days after weaning, the effect of shortening the days until weight gain and reseed of newborns is known (for example, Patent Document 8).
- Patent Document 8 there is no change in the number of offspring, and the effect of increasing the number of offspring by astaxanthin feeding has not been reported.
- poultry mixed feed containing faffia yeast in a feed containing substantially no pigment, and a feed of the feed to give a pink egg yolk and a high concentration of astaxanthin, chickens, ducklings, salmon, etc. have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 9).
- arginine which is the most basic amino acid and is biosynthesized in vivo as an intermediate of the urea cycle, is a non-essential amino acid in adults, but young animals such as piglets that cannot synthesize the required amount in vivo Is a semi-essential amino acid, which promotes blood flow through the metabolite nitric oxide (NO), promotes secretion of growth hormone, produces polyamines, improves immune function, promotes fat metabolism, etc. It is thought to be involved in various functions.
- NO metabolite nitric oxide
- Non-Patent Document 1 Non-Patent Document 2
- Non-Patent Document 3 it is also known that when arginine is fed to mother pigs during the period from 0 to 25 days after pregnancy, the number of offspring decreases (for example, see Non-Patent Document 3).
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for increasing the number of litters using a cheaper component and improving the number of suckling heads or weaning heads.
- the inventors of the present invention have given astaxanthin to mother pigs based on the idea that the development of embryos after pregnancy implantation of mother pigs is extremely important in the subsequent increase in the number of normal pups, the number of starting mammals and the number of weanlings.
- the effect of increasing the number of pups of mother pigs that have not been obtained in the public literature by feeding for a period including 14 to 35 days after pregnancy the effect of increasing the number of normal pups, the number of starting mammals and the number of weanling babies has been found, and the present invention has been completed.
- the present invention is as follows: (1) an astaxanthin-containing improving agent for the number of starting mammals or weanling heads, comprising 10 to 100 mg / day in terms of astaxanthin, and 14 to 35 days after pregnancy for a pregnant sow
- the present invention relates to a method for improving the number of suckling heads or weaning heads of mother pigs characterized by feeding.
- the present invention provides (2) feeding of ascitaxin, 10 to 100 mg / day in terms of astaxanthin for a period including 14 to 35 days after pregnancy for a sow containing pregnant women containing astaxanthin It relates to an improving agent for the number of heads or the number of weanling heads.
- the interval from weaning to reseed has a shortening effect of 1.5 to 3.7 days (see WRMI in Table 3), and the pregnancy cycle is rotated 2.3 times a year.
- the effect of shortening the delivery interval is 3 days, it will be shortened by about 7 days (2.3 x 3) per year, so it is about 2% (7/365) in terms of productivity improvement rate.
- the productivity improvement rate is about five times larger than that of the prior art.
- the annual astaxanthin supply period is about 1/3, which is economically superior.
- the effect of increasing the number of suckling heads and the number of weanling heads of the sows is considered to be due to the antioxidant action of astaxanthin.
- arginine promotes secretion of growth hormone via NO, improves immune function, fat Since effects such as promotion of metabolism and physiological functions are different, a synergistic effect by the combined use of astaxanthin and arginine can be expected according to the present invention.
- an astaxanthin-containing feeding start number or weaning head improvement agent is 10 to 100 mg / day in terms of astaxanthin per mother pig, after pregnancy. If it is a method of feeding for a period including 14 to 35 days after pregnancy for a mother pig, it is not particularly limited, and as an improving agent for the number of starting mammals or weaning heads of the present invention, it contains astaxanthin, There is no particular limitation as long as it is a composition that is fed 10 to 100 mg / day in terms of astaxanthin per mother pig for a period that includes 14 to 35 days after pregnancy for mother pigs after pregnancy.
- number of pups refers to the number of piglets born alive
- normal number of pups refers to the number of pups excluding malformed and premature babies.
- number of suckling start is the number of piglets that were deceived by thinning out the number of piglets that did not meet the standard weight from the normal number of pups until breastfeeding, and died before breastfeeding
- the number of heads that led to breastfeeding, excluding the number of piglets, etc. refers to the number of weaning heads from the start of suckling to the time when weaning was carried out until the breeding was continued in the weaning house. This means the number of animals that have been bred continuously, excluding the number of culled piglets.
- the determination of whether or not the mother pig is pregnant is that after fertilizing the mother pig (after pregnancy), fertilized eggs often die up to 3 days, so the ultrasonic diagnostic device 30 days after pregnancy It is preferable to confirm the conception (implantation) using a method such as the above.
- the astaxanthin is not particularly limited in terms of its origin and form.
- astaxanthin derived from shrimp shell, crab shell, krill, shrimp, faffia yeast, hematococcus, paracoccus, adonis, etc. as a natural product, or obtained by a chemical synthesis method Astaxanthin obtained (including esterified products) and the like can be mentioned, and among these, natural astaxanthin derived from Phaffia yeast or Paracoccus can be preferably exemplified.
- Commercially available products can be advantageously used as these astaxanthins.
- the above-mentioned astaxanthin-containing improver of the number of starting mammals or weanling is not particularly limited as long as the active ingredient astaxanthin can be fed to the mother pig, but is usually fed orally, for example, with astaxanthin added Liquid, feed containing astaxanthin can be mentioned, and among these, feed containing astaxanthin can be preferably exemplified.
- the amount of astaxanthin to be fed to the mother pig in the present invention is preferably 10 to 100 mg / day, more preferably 20 to 50 mg / day, and particularly preferably 40 g / day. Can do.
- the effect of improving the litter size of the sow is not seen in less than 14 days after pregnancy (for example, patent document). 8) and 35 days after pregnancy is an important period for differentiation and differentiation from undifferentiated cells into various organs, and a period including at least 14 days to 35 days after pregnancy, for example 42 after pregnancy.
- the period including the 14th to 42nd days after the pregnancy is preferable because the fetus that formed the individual fetus grows up to the day, and all the organs of the fetus are formed immaturely on the 56th day after the pregnancy. Considering the effect, it is preferable to pay for a period including 14 to 56 days after pregnancy.
- Table 1 formulated with Phaffia yeast (Kyowa Hy-Foods [importer], Aquastar [brand]) containing 12,000 ppm astaxanthin as an agent for improving the number of starting mammals or weanling so that the astaxanthin concentration is 1,000 ppm A mixed feed for mother pigs was prepared.
- test results of the number of litters, the number of sucklings, and the number of weanlings of black pig mothers The test was carried out by dividing half of Berkshire (black pig) mother pigs of 2 to 4 births into 2 groups each of the test group and the control group. After mating with male Berkshire species (after seeding), during the period from 14 to 42 days, the test group and the control group have 2.0 to 2.4 kg of feed A (JA West Japan Kumai) Feed [manufacturer name], seed pig plus 74 [brand]), and the test group is 40 g of mixed feed for sows prepared in Example 1, that is, 40 mg per day as mother pigs as astaxanthin I paid in a top dress system.
- the control group is not fed mixed feed for sows. Further, during the period from pregnancy to delivery other than the period from the 14th to the 42nd, the test group and the control group were fed 2.0 to 2.6 kg of feed A per day. The number of pups, number of suckling heads, and number of weanling pups of mother pigs were investigated, and the results are shown in Table 2. Compared to the control group, the number of offspring in the test group increased by 0.75 (9%). Furthermore, with the increase in the number of pups in the test group, the number of heads of sucking in the test group increased by 0.88 (11%) and the number of weaning heads in the test group increased by 1.00 (14%) compared to the control group. . In this test, no foster child is used to adjust the number of suckling heads for each sow.
- the control group is not fed mixed feed for sows. Further, during the period from pregnancy to delivery other than the period from the 14th to the 35th, the test group and the control group were fed with 2.0 to 2.6 kg of feed B per day. The number of pups, the number of suckling heads, and the number of weanling pups of mother pigs were investigated. Compared to the control group, the number of offspring in the test group increased by 0.87 (7%). Furthermore, with the increase in the number of pups in the test group, compared to the control group, the number of feeding start animals in the test group increased by 0.95 (9%), and the number of weaning heads in the test group increased by 1.05 (12%). . In this test, no foster child is used to adjust the number of suckling heads for each sow.
- the method for improving the number of suckling heads or weaning heads of mother pigs according to the present invention can greatly improve the number of annual sucking heads or weaning heads per mother pig, and thus greatly contributes to the productivity improvement of the pig farming industry. is there.
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Abstract
The present invention addresses the problem of providing a method for improving the number of sows beginning to nurse or the number of weaning sows, using less expensive components, as well as providing an astaxanthin-containing improving agent for improving the number of sows beginning to nurse or the number of weaning sows, the improving agent being orally administered to impregnated sows in an amount of 10 to 100 mg per day per sow, in terms of astaxanthin, for a time period including days 14 to 35 following impregnation. In addition to the effect of increasing litter size, the improving agent for improving the number of sows beginning to nurse or the number of weaning sows also has the effect of increasing normal litter size as well as the number of sows beginning to nurse or the number of weaning sows. When this improving agent for improving the number of sows beginning to nurse or the number of weaning sows is used, the number of sows beginning to nurse or the number of weaning sows can be increased by approximately 10%.
Description
本発明は、アスタキサンチンを含有する哺乳開始頭数又は離乳頭数の向上剤を妊娠後の母豚に対して給与する母豚の哺乳開始頭数又は離乳頭数を向上させる方法や、哺乳開始頭数又は離乳頭数の向上剤に関する。
The present invention relates to a method for improving the number of suckling heads or weaning heads of mother pigs by feeding an improvement agent for the number of suckling heads or weaning heads containing astaxanthin to a sow after pregnancy, It relates to an improver.
食料自給率３９％の我が国において、タンパク源又は脂質源として畜産業の効率化が重要な課題となっている。例えば豚肉の場合、平成１７年度食品流通構造調査（農林水産省）では豚肉の総仕入量は５１０万ｔであるが、その自給率は６１％程度と低い。安全な食材、又は健康に良い高品質な食材を求める消費者の観点からも、国産豚肉の自給率を今後増加させることが期待されている。
In Japan, where the food self-sufficiency rate is 39%, the efficiency of the livestock industry has become an important issue as a protein source or lipid source. For example, in the case of pork, the total amount of pork purchased in the 2005 Food Distribution Survey (Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries) is 5.1 million tons, but the self-sufficiency rate is as low as 61%. From the viewpoint of consumers seeking safe foods or high-quality foods that are good for health, it is expected that the self-sufficiency rate of domestic pork will be increased in the future.
養豚業の生産性を向上させるには、母豚１頭あたりの離乳子豚頭数など年間産子数向上を高めることが最も重要な課題とされている。この課題を達成するには、母豚の健康を維持・向上させることは勿論、分娩時の事故を防ぎ、母豚・子豚の安全な生育を図ることが重要であり、さらに、発情再帰の遅延防止、受胎率の低減防止、産子数の増加、泌乳量の増加、子豚の淘汰率低減などの諸問題をコンスタントに実現できるようにする必要があるといわれている。
In order to improve the productivity of the pig farming industry, the most important issue is to increase the number of pups per year, such as the number of weaned pigs per mother pig. In order to achieve this task, it is important to maintain and improve the health of mother pigs, as well as to prevent accidents during delivery and to promote the safe growth of mother pigs and piglets. It is said that it is necessary to constantly realize various problems such as prevention of delay, prevention of conception rate reduction, increase in the number of pups, increase in lactation, and reduction in piglet's culling rate.
従来から、母豚の繁殖成績の向上につながる飼料の研究が行われており、それらの中でも、例えば哺乳期間中の子豚の下痢発生率を抑えるために、ガラクトオリゴ糖を配合した家畜用飼料を妊娠期間から哺乳期間を通して母豚に給与する方法（例えば、特許文献１参照）や、妊娠中のカルシウムやミネラルの吸収が促進され、母豚の血液性状と乳質の改善、産子の血液性状や仮骨化の改善、増体のため、カゼインホスホペプチドを主成分とするカゼイン分解物を含有する豚用飼料を妊娠前後の母豚に給餌する方法（例えば、特許文献２参照）や、出産時及び哺乳期の子豚の斃死率を低減させ、子豚の下痢を予防して体重増加を促進するため、細菌の菌体細胞破砕物、又は細胞壁成分含有物を妊娠中の母豚に給餌する方法（例えば、特許文献３参照）などが知られている。また、飼料中にグアーガム酵素分解物を含有させることによって、母豚の出産後の回復を早め、妊娠から妊娠までの期間を短縮できる豚繁殖用飼料（例えば、特許文献４参照）や、還元型葉酸を含有させることによって、受精によって母豚胎内に発生した多胎をなるべく多く出産に至らしめて母豚の繁殖効率を改善する母豚用飼料添加物及び母豚用飼料（例えば特許文献５参照）が知られている。さらに、オリゴ糖を主成分とする糖類を含有する繁殖雌豚飼育用飼料を妊娠期間中から離乳までの間に用いることによって、未熟児の発生率を減少させ、雌豚の泌乳量を増進させる方法（例えば特許文献６参照）や、電解質調整ミネラルを添加した飼料を給与することにより、繁殖豚の繁殖率と授乳子豚の哺育率を改善して生産性を向上させる方法（例えば特許文献７参照）が知られている。
Conventionally, research on feeds that improve the reproductive performance of mother pigs has been conducted, and among them, for example, in order to suppress the incidence of diarrhea during suckling, livestock feeds containing galactooligosaccharides The method of feeding mother pigs from the pregnancy period through the feeding period (see, for example, Patent Document 1), the absorption of calcium and minerals during pregnancy is promoted, the improvement of blood and milk quality of mother pigs, In order to improve callus formation and increase body weight, a method for feeding pig food containing a casein degradation product mainly composed of casein phosphopeptide to mother pigs before and after pregnancy (for example, see Patent Document 2) In addition, to reduce the mortality rate of suckling piglets, prevent diarrhea of piglets and promote weight gain, feed bacterial body cell debris or containing cell wall components to pregnant mother pigs. Methods (eg patent literature) Reference), and the like are known. Moreover, the feed for pig breeding (for example, refer patent document 4) which can accelerate | stimulate the recovery after delivery of a mother pig and shorten the period from pregnancy by containing a guar gum enzyme degradation product in feed, for example, reduced type By containing folic acid, there is a feed additive for mother pigs and a feed for mother pigs (for example, refer to Patent Document 5) that improves the breeding efficiency of mother pigs by giving birth to as many multiples as possible in fertilization by fertilization. Are known. In addition, by using breeding sow breeding feed containing oligosaccharides as the main component between pregnancy and weaning, the incidence of premature babies is reduced and lactation in sows is increased. A method (for example, see Patent Document 6) and a method for improving productivity by improving the breeding rate of breeding pigs and the nursing rate of lactating piglets by feeding a feed supplemented with electrolyte-adjusting minerals (for example, Patent Document 7) See).
他方、アスタキサンチンは、酸化防止効果、抗炎症効果等の機能を有することが知られているカロテノイドであり、食品、化粧品、医薬品、その他の加工品等に添加し、使用されている。アスタキサンチンを母豚に対して分娩前３５日から授乳期間及び離乳後２１日までの期間に給与を行うと、新生児の体重増加や再種付けまでの日数短縮効果が知られている(例えば特許文献８参照)が、産子数については変化せず、アスタキサンチン給与による産子数増加効果は報告されていない。また、色素を実質的に含有しない飼料にファフィア酵母を含有させた家禽用配合飼料及びその飼料を給与してピンク色の卵黄色と高濃度のアスタキサンチン含量とを付与した、鶏、あひる又は鶉等の家禽の卵を得る方法が提案されている(例えば特許文献９参照)。
On the other hand, astaxanthin is a carotenoid known to have functions such as an antioxidant effect and an anti-inflammatory effect, and is used by being added to foods, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and other processed products. When astaxanthin is given to mother pigs during the period from 35 days before parturition to the lactation period and 21 days after weaning, the effect of shortening the days until weight gain and reseed of newborns is known (for example, Patent Document 8). However, there is no change in the number of offspring, and the effect of increasing the number of offspring by astaxanthin feeding has not been reported. In addition, poultry mixed feed containing faffia yeast in a feed containing substantially no pigment, and a feed of the feed to give a pink egg yolk and a high concentration of astaxanthin, chickens, ducklings, salmon, etc. Have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 9).
その他、最も塩基性の高いアミノ酸であり、生体内では尿素回路の中間体として生合成されるアルギニンは、成体では非必須アミノ酸であるが、必要量を生体内で合成できない子豚などの幼動物では準必須アミノ酸となっており、代謝産物である一酸化窒素(ＮＯ)を介した血流促進効果、成長ホルモンの分泌促進、ポリアミンの生成、免疫機能の向上、脂肪代謝の促進など、生体内で種々の機能に関与していると考えられている。アルギニンを妊娠後の母豚に対して妊娠後１４日目から２８日目の期間、又は妊娠後３０日目から出産までの期間給与すると、産子数が増加することが知られている（例えば、非特許文献１、非特許文献２参照）。ところが、アルギニンを母豚に対して妊娠後０日から２５日までの期間給与すると、逆に産子数が減少することも知られている（例えば、非特許文献３参照）。
In addition, arginine, which is the most basic amino acid and is biosynthesized in vivo as an intermediate of the urea cycle, is a non-essential amino acid in adults, but young animals such as piglets that cannot synthesize the required amount in vivo Is a semi-essential amino acid, which promotes blood flow through the metabolite nitric oxide (NO), promotes secretion of growth hormone, produces polyamines, improves immune function, promotes fat metabolism, etc. It is thought to be involved in various functions. It is known that the number of offspring increases when arginine is fed to pregnant piglets during the period from the 14th to the 28th day after pregnancy, or from the 30th day after the pregnancy until the birth (for example, Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2). However, it is also known that when arginine is fed to mother pigs during the period from 0 to 25 days after pregnancy, the number of offspring decreases (for example, see Non-Patent Document 3).
養豚生産者の生産性を高めるには、母豚が出産した後から再び妊娠させる為の種付けまでの期間を短縮したり、子豚の出生直後における生育を改善することも重要であるが、母豚の産子数を増加させた方がより効果が大きい。また、アルギニンは飼料用のアミノ酸としては比較的高価であるため、より安価な成分を用いて母豚の産子数を増加させることが必要とされていた。本発明の課題は、より安価な成分を用いて産子数を増加させ、哺乳開始頭数又は離乳頭数の向上を図る方法を提供することにある。
In order to increase the productivity of pig producers, it is important to shorten the period from the time the mother pig is born until the seeding for pregnancy again, or to improve the growth of the piglet immediately after birth. Increasing the number of offspring in pigs is more effective. Moreover, since arginine is comparatively expensive as an amino acid for feed, it has been necessary to increase the number of pups of sows using cheaper ingredients. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for increasing the number of litters using a cheaper component and improving the number of suckling heads or weaning heads.
本発明者らは、母豚の妊娠着床後の胚の発育がその後の正常産子数や哺乳開始頭数や離乳頭数の増加においてきわめて重要であるとの着想の下、アスタキサンチンを母豚に対して妊娠後１４日から３５日を含む期間給与することにより、公知文献では得られていない母豚の産子数の増加作用に加えて、正常産子数や哺乳開始頭数や離乳頭数の増加効果が得られることを見いだし、本発明を完成するに至った。
The inventors of the present invention have given astaxanthin to mother pigs based on the idea that the development of embryos after pregnancy implantation of mother pigs is extremely important in the subsequent increase in the number of normal pups, the number of starting mammals and the number of weanlings. In addition to the effect of increasing the number of pups of mother pigs that have not been obtained in the public literature by feeding for a period including 14 to 35 days after pregnancy, the effect of increasing the number of normal pups, the number of starting mammals and the number of weanling babies Has been found, and the present invention has been completed.
すなわち本発明は、（１）アスタキサンチンを含有する哺乳開始頭数又は離乳頭数の向上剤を、アスタキサンチン換算で１０～１００ｍｇ／日、妊娠後の母豚に対して妊娠後１４日から３５日を含む期間、給与することを特徴とする母豚の哺乳開始頭数又は離乳頭数を向上させる方法に関する。
That is, the present invention is as follows: (1) an astaxanthin-containing improving agent for the number of starting mammals or weanling heads, comprising 10 to 100 mg / day in terms of astaxanthin, and 14 to 35 days after pregnancy for a pregnant sow The present invention relates to a method for improving the number of suckling heads or weaning heads of mother pigs characterized by feeding.
また本発明は、（２）アスタキサンチンを含有する、妊娠後の母豚に対して妊娠後１４日から３５日を含む期間、アスタキサンチン換算で１０～１００ｍｇ／日給与されることを特徴とする哺乳開始頭数又は離乳頭数の向上剤に関する。
In addition, the present invention provides (2) feeding of ascitaxin, 10 to 100 mg / day in terms of astaxanthin for a period including 14 to 35 days after pregnancy for a sow containing pregnant women containing astaxanthin It relates to an improving agent for the number of heads or the number of weanling heads.
特許文献８によると、アスタキサンチンを用いた場合、離乳から再種付けまでの間隔は１．５～３．７日の短縮効果が見られ（表３のＷＲＭＩ参照）、妊娠サイクルを年間２．３回転、出産間隔の短縮効果を３日としたとき、年間約７日（２．３×３）短縮となることから、生産性向上率で換算すると約２％（７／３６５）程度であるのに対し、本発明によると、母豚の産子数、正常産子数、哺乳開始頭数、及び離乳頭数を約１０％増加できることから、生産性向上率は従来技術よりも５倍程度大きくなる上に、年間のアスタキサンチンの給与期間も約１／３で済むことから、経済的にも優れている。本発明における母豚の哺乳開始頭数や離乳頭数の増加効果は、アスタキサンチンの抗酸化作用によるものと考えられ、従来技術であるアルギニンによるＮＯを介した成長ホルモンの分泌促進、免疫機能の向上、脂肪代謝の促進等の効果と生理作用が異なるため、本発明により、アスタキサンチンとアルギニンとの併用による相乗効果も期待できる。
According to Patent Document 8, when astaxanthin is used, the interval from weaning to reseed has a shortening effect of 1.5 to 3.7 days (see WRMI in Table 3), and the pregnancy cycle is rotated 2.3 times a year. When the effect of shortening the delivery interval is 3 days, it will be shortened by about 7 days (2.3 x 3) per year, so it is about 2% (7/365) in terms of productivity improvement rate. On the other hand, according to the present invention, since the number of pups, the number of normal pups, the number of suckling heads, and the number of weaning pups can be increased by about 10%, the productivity improvement rate is about five times larger than that of the prior art. The annual astaxanthin supply period is about 1/3, which is economically superior. In the present invention, the effect of increasing the number of suckling heads and the number of weanling heads of the sows is considered to be due to the antioxidant action of astaxanthin. Conventionally, arginine promotes secretion of growth hormone via NO, improves immune function, fat Since effects such as promotion of metabolism and physiological functions are different, a synergistic effect by the combined use of astaxanthin and arginine can be expected according to the present invention.
本発明の母豚の哺乳開始頭数又は離乳頭数を向上させる方法としては、アスタキサンチンを含有する哺乳開始頭数又は離乳頭数の向上剤を、母豚１頭当たりアスタキサンチン換算で１０～１００ｍｇ／日、妊娠後の母豚に対して妊娠後１４日から３５日を含む期間、給与する方法であれば特に制限されず、また、本発明の哺乳開始頭数又は離乳頭数の向上剤としては、アスタキサンチンを含有する、妊娠後の母豚に対して妊娠後１４日から３５日を含む期間、母豚１頭当たりアスタキサンチン換算で１０～１００ｍｇ／日給与される組成物であれば特に制限されず、上記哺乳開始頭数又は離乳頭数の向上剤としては、哺乳開始頭数又は離乳頭数の増加作用に加えて、産子数や正常産子数の増加作用をも有することが好ましい。ここで「産子数」とは、生きて生まれてきた子豚の頭数のことをいい、「正常産子数」とは、産子数から、奇形児及び未熟児を除いた頭数のことをいい、「哺乳開始頭数」とは、正常産子数から、授乳に至るまでの間に基準体重に満たない子豚を間引くことにより淘汰された子豚頭数、授乳に至るまでの間に死亡した子豚頭数等を除いた、授乳に至った頭数のことをいい、「離乳頭数」とは、哺乳開始頭数から、離乳が行われた後、離乳舎にて継続した飼育に至るまでの間に淘汰された子豚頭数を除いた、継続した飼育に至った頭数のことをいう。上記母豚が妊娠したかどうかの判断は、母豚に種付けをした後（妊娠後）、３日までの間に受精卵の死滅が起こることが多いため、妊娠後３０日に超音波診断装置などを用いて受胎（着床）を確認することにより行うことが好ましい。
As a method for improving the number of suckling heads or weaning heads of mother pigs of the present invention, an astaxanthin-containing feeding start number or weaning head improvement agent is 10 to 100 mg / day in terms of astaxanthin per mother pig, after pregnancy. If it is a method of feeding for a period including 14 to 35 days after pregnancy for a mother pig, it is not particularly limited, and as an improving agent for the number of starting mammals or weaning heads of the present invention, it contains astaxanthin, There is no particular limitation as long as it is a composition that is fed 10 to 100 mg / day in terms of astaxanthin per mother pig for a period that includes 14 to 35 days after pregnancy for mother pigs after pregnancy. As an agent for improving the number of weanling nipples, in addition to the action of increasing the number of suckling babies or the number of weaning nipples, it is preferable to have an action of increasing the number of litters and normal litters. Here, “number of pups” refers to the number of piglets born alive, and “normal number of pups” refers to the number of pups excluding malformed and premature babies. Good, “number of suckling start” is the number of piglets that were deceived by thinning out the number of piglets that did not meet the standard weight from the normal number of pups until breastfeeding, and died before breastfeeding The number of heads that led to breastfeeding, excluding the number of piglets, etc., refers to the number of weaning heads from the start of suckling to the time when weaning was carried out until the breeding was continued in the weaning house. This means the number of animals that have been bred continuously, excluding the number of culled piglets. The determination of whether or not the mother pig is pregnant is that after fertilizing the mother pig (after pregnancy), fertilized eggs often die up to 3 days, so the ultrasonic diagnostic device 30 days after pregnancy It is preferable to confirm the conception (implantation) using a method such as the above.
上記アスタキサンチンとしては、その由来や形態については特に制限されず、例えば天然物としてエビ殻、カニ殻、オキアミ、アミエビ、ファフィア酵母、ヘマトコッカス、パラコッカス、アドニス等由来のアスタキサンチンや、化学合成法により得られたアスタキサンチン（エステル化体も含む）等を挙げることができるが、これらの中でもファフィア酵母由来やパラコッカス由来の天然アスタキサンチンを好適に例示することができる。これらアスタキサンチンとして、市販品を有利に用いることができる。
The astaxanthin is not particularly limited in terms of its origin and form. For example, astaxanthin derived from shrimp shell, crab shell, krill, shrimp, faffia yeast, hematococcus, paracoccus, adonis, etc. as a natural product, or obtained by a chemical synthesis method Astaxanthin obtained (including esterified products) and the like can be mentioned, and among these, natural astaxanthin derived from Phaffia yeast or Paracoccus can be preferably exemplified. Commercially available products can be advantageously used as these astaxanthins.
上記アスタキサンチンを含有する哺乳開始頭数又は離乳頭数の向上剤は、有効成分であるアスタキサンチンを母豚に給与することができる形態であれば特に制限されないが通常経口給与され、例えば、アスタキサンチンを添加した飲用液、アスタキサンチンを添加した飼料等を挙げることができ、これらの中でもアスタキサンチンを添加した飼料を好適に例示することができる。
The above-mentioned astaxanthin-containing improver of the number of starting mammals or weanling is not particularly limited as long as the active ingredient astaxanthin can be fed to the mother pig, but is usually fed orally, for example, with astaxanthin added Liquid, feed containing astaxanthin can be mentioned, and among these, feed containing astaxanthin can be preferably exemplified.
本発明における母豚に対して給与するアスタキサンチンの量としては、母豚１頭あたり１０～１００ｍｇ／日であることが好ましく、より好ましくは２０～５０ｍｇ／日、特に４０ｇ／日を好適に挙げることができる。
The amount of astaxanthin to be fed to the mother pig in the present invention is preferably 10 to 100 mg / day, more preferably 20 to 50 mg / day, and particularly preferably 40 g / day. Can do.
本発明におけるアスタキサンチンを含有する哺乳開始頭数又は離乳頭数の向上剤を母豚に給与する期間としては、妊娠後１４日未満では母豚の産子数向上に効果が見られないこと(例えば特許文献８の表３参照)、及び妊娠後３５日までが未分化細胞から各種臓器へ分化し個体形成にとって重要な時期であることから、少なくとも妊娠後１４日から３５日を含む期間、例えば妊娠後４２日までは個体形成した胎児が成長する初期過程であることから、妊娠後１４日から４２日を含む期間が好ましく、妊娠後５６日で胎児の臓器は未熟ながらすべて形成されることから、費用対効果を考慮すると、妊娠後１４日から５６日を含む期間給与することが好ましい。
In the present invention, as a period for feeding the sow feeding agent containing astaxanthin to the sow, the effect of improving the litter size of the sow is not seen in less than 14 days after pregnancy (for example, patent document). 8) and 35 days after pregnancy is an important period for differentiation and differentiation from undifferentiated cells into various organs, and a period including at least 14 days to 35 days after pregnancy, for example 42 after pregnancy. The period including the 14th to 42nd days after the pregnancy is preferable because the fetus that formed the individual fetus grows up to the day, and all the organs of the fetus are formed immaturely on the 56th day after the pregnancy. Considering the effect, it is preferable to pay for a period including 14 to 56 days after pregnancy.
以下実施例により、本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明の技術的範囲はかかる実施例により制限されるものではない。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples. However, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited by these examples.
哺乳開始頭数又は離乳頭数の向上剤としてのアスタキサンチンを１２，０００ｐｐｍ含むファフィア酵母（協和ハイフーズ[輸入業者]、アクアスタ[銘柄]）を用いて、アスタキサンチン濃度が１，０００ｐｐｍになるように配合した表１に示す母豚用混合飼料を作製した。
Table 1 formulated with Phaffia yeast (Kyowa Hy-Foods [importer], Aquastar [brand]) containing 12,000 ppm astaxanthin as an agent for improving the number of starting mammals or weanling so that the astaxanthin concentration is 1,000 ppm A mixed feed for mother pigs was prepared.
[黒豚の母豚の産子数、哺乳開始頭数、及び離乳頭数の調査結果]
産歴２～４回のバークシャー種（黒豚）の母豚１６頭を、試験群又は対照群の各２群に半分ずつ分けて試験を行った。雄のバークシャー種との交配を行った後（種付け後）、１４日から４２日までの期間に、試験群及び対照群には１日あたり２．０～２．４ｋｇの飼料Ａ（ＪＡ西日本くみあい飼料[メーカー名]、種豚プラス７４[銘柄]）を継続的に給与し、試験群には実施例１で作製した母豚用混合飼料４０ｇ、すなわちアスタキサンチンとして母豚１頭１日当たり４０ｍｇになるようにトップドレス方式で給与した。なお、対照群には母豚用混合飼料を給与していない。また、上記１４日から４２日までの期間以外の妊娠から分娩までの期間に、試験群及び対照群には１日あたり２．０～２．６ｋｇの飼料Ａを給与した。母豚の産子数、哺乳開始頭数及び離乳頭数を調査し、その結果を表２に示す。対照群と比べ、試験群の産子数は０．７５頭（９％）増加した。さらに、試験群の産子数の増加に伴い、対照群と比べ、試験群の哺乳開始頭数は０．８８頭（１１％）、試験群の離乳頭数は１．００頭（１４％）増加した。なお、本試験では母豚毎の哺乳開始頭数を調整する里子は行っていない。 [Survey results of the number of litters, the number of sucklings, and the number of weanlings of black pig mothers]
The test was carried out by dividing half of Berkshire (black pig) mother pigs of 2 to 4 births into 2 groups each of the test group and the control group. After mating with male Berkshire species (after seeding), during the period from 14 to 42 days, the test group and the control group have 2.0 to 2.4 kg of feed A (JA West Japan Kumai) Feed [manufacturer name], seed pig plus 74 [brand]), and the test group is 40 g of mixed feed for sows prepared in Example 1, that is, 40 mg per day as mother pigs as astaxanthin I paid in a top dress system. The control group is not fed mixed feed for sows. Further, during the period from pregnancy to delivery other than the period from the 14th to the 42nd, the test group and the control group were fed 2.0 to 2.6 kg of feed A per day. The number of pups, number of suckling heads, and number of weanling pups of mother pigs were investigated, and the results are shown in Table 2. Compared to the control group, the number of offspring in the test group increased by 0.75 (9%). Furthermore, with the increase in the number of pups in the test group, the number of heads of sucking in the test group increased by 0.88 (11%) and the number of weaning heads in the test group increased by 1.00 (14%) compared to the control group. . In this test, no foster child is used to adjust the number of suckling heads for each sow.
産歴２～４回のバークシャー種（黒豚）の母豚１６頭を、試験群又は対照群の各２群に半分ずつ分けて試験を行った。雄のバークシャー種との交配を行った後（種付け後）、１４日から４２日までの期間に、試験群及び対照群には１日あたり２．０～２．４ｋｇの飼料Ａ（ＪＡ西日本くみあい飼料[メーカー名]、種豚プラス７４[銘柄]）を継続的に給与し、試験群には実施例１で作製した母豚用混合飼料４０ｇ、すなわちアスタキサンチンとして母豚１頭１日当たり４０ｍｇになるようにトップドレス方式で給与した。なお、対照群には母豚用混合飼料を給与していない。また、上記１４日から４２日までの期間以外の妊娠から分娩までの期間に、試験群及び対照群には１日あたり２．０～２．６ｋｇの飼料Ａを給与した。母豚の産子数、哺乳開始頭数及び離乳頭数を調査し、その結果を表２に示す。対照群と比べ、試験群の産子数は０．７５頭（９％）増加した。さらに、試験群の産子数の増加に伴い、対照群と比べ、試験群の哺乳開始頭数は０．８８頭（１１％）、試験群の離乳頭数は１．００頭（１４％）増加した。なお、本試験では母豚毎の哺乳開始頭数を調整する里子は行っていない。 [Survey results of the number of litters, the number of sucklings, and the number of weanlings of black pig mothers]
The test was carried out by dividing half of Berkshire (black pig) mother pigs of 2 to 4 births into 2 groups each of the test group and the control group. After mating with male Berkshire species (after seeding), during the period from 14 to 42 days, the test group and the control group have 2.0 to 2.4 kg of feed A (JA West Japan Kumai) Feed [manufacturer name], seed pig plus 74 [brand]), and the test group is 40 g of mixed feed for sows prepared in Example 1, that is, 40 mg per day as mother pigs as astaxanthin I paid in a top dress system. The control group is not fed mixed feed for sows. Further, during the period from pregnancy to delivery other than the period from the 14th to the 42nd, the test group and the control group were fed 2.0 to 2.6 kg of feed A per day. The number of pups, number of suckling heads, and number of weanling pups of mother pigs were investigated, and the results are shown in Table 2. Compared to the control group, the number of offspring in the test group increased by 0.75 (9%). Furthermore, with the increase in the number of pups in the test group, the number of heads of sucking in the test group increased by 0.88 (11%) and the number of weaning heads in the test group increased by 1.00 (14%) compared to the control group. . In this test, no foster child is used to adjust the number of suckling heads for each sow.
[ランドレース種×大ヨークシャー種の母豚の産子数、哺乳開始頭数及び離乳頭数の調査結果]
出産回数２～４回のランドレース種×大ヨークシャー種の母豚４８頭を、試験群又は対照群の各２群に半分ずつ分けて試験を行った。デュロック種の精子で人工授精を行った後（種付け後）、１４日から３５日までの期間に、試験群及び対照群には１日あたり２．０～２．４ｋｇの飼料Ｂ（中部飼料[メーカー名]、ハイブリードＡ妊娠期[銘柄]）を、継続的に給与し、試験群には実施例１で作製した母豚用混合飼料４０ｇ、すなわちアスタキサンチンとして母豚１頭１日当たり４０ｍｇになるようにトップドレス方式で給与した。なお、対照群には母豚用混合飼料を給与していない。また、上記１４日から３５日までの期間以外の妊娠から分娩までの期間に、試験群及び対照群には１日あたり２．０～２．６ｋｇの飼料Ｂを給与した。母豚の産子数、哺乳開始頭数及び離乳頭数を調査し、その結果を表３に示す。対照群と比べ、試験群の産子数は０．８７頭（７％）増加した。さらに、試験群の産子数の増加に伴い、対照群と比べ、試験群の哺乳開始頭数は０．９５頭（９％）、試験群の離乳頭数は１．０５頭（１２％）増加した。なお、本試験では母豚毎の哺乳開始頭数を調整する里子は行っていない。 [Survey results of the number of litters, the number of suckling heads and the number of weanling heads of Landrace x large Yorkshire sows]
The test was carried out by dividing 48 land pigs of 2 to 4 times of birth and large Yorkshire sows into two groups each of the test group and the control group. After artificial insemination with Duroc spermatozoa (after seeding), during the period from 14 to 35 days, 2.0 to 2.4 kg of feed B (middle feed [ [Manufacturer name], Hybrid A pregnancy period [brand name]), and continuously fed to the test group 40 g of mixed feed for sows prepared in Example 1, that is, 40 mg per day as a astaxanthin I paid in a top dress system. The control group is not fed mixed feed for sows. Further, during the period from pregnancy to delivery other than the period from the 14th to the 35th, the test group and the control group were fed with 2.0 to 2.6 kg of feed B per day. The number of pups, the number of suckling heads, and the number of weanling pups of mother pigs were investigated. Compared to the control group, the number of offspring in the test group increased by 0.87 (7%). Furthermore, with the increase in the number of pups in the test group, compared to the control group, the number of feeding start animals in the test group increased by 0.95 (9%), and the number of weaning heads in the test group increased by 1.05 (12%). . In this test, no foster child is used to adjust the number of suckling heads for each sow.
出産回数２～４回のランドレース種×大ヨークシャー種の母豚４８頭を、試験群又は対照群の各２群に半分ずつ分けて試験を行った。デュロック種の精子で人工授精を行った後（種付け後）、１４日から３５日までの期間に、試験群及び対照群には１日あたり２．０～２．４ｋｇの飼料Ｂ（中部飼料[メーカー名]、ハイブリードＡ妊娠期[銘柄]）を、継続的に給与し、試験群には実施例１で作製した母豚用混合飼料４０ｇ、すなわちアスタキサンチンとして母豚１頭１日当たり４０ｍｇになるようにトップドレス方式で給与した。なお、対照群には母豚用混合飼料を給与していない。また、上記１４日から３５日までの期間以外の妊娠から分娩までの期間に、試験群及び対照群には１日あたり２．０～２．６ｋｇの飼料Ｂを給与した。母豚の産子数、哺乳開始頭数及び離乳頭数を調査し、その結果を表３に示す。対照群と比べ、試験群の産子数は０．８７頭（７％）増加した。さらに、試験群の産子数の増加に伴い、対照群と比べ、試験群の哺乳開始頭数は０．９５頭（９％）、試験群の離乳頭数は１．０５頭（１２％）増加した。なお、本試験では母豚毎の哺乳開始頭数を調整する里子は行っていない。 [Survey results of the number of litters, the number of suckling heads and the number of weanling heads of Landrace x large Yorkshire sows]
The test was carried out by dividing 48 land pigs of 2 to 4 times of birth and large Yorkshire sows into two groups each of the test group and the control group. After artificial insemination with Duroc spermatozoa (after seeding), during the period from 14 to 35 days, 2.0 to 2.4 kg of feed B (middle feed [ [Manufacturer name], Hybrid A pregnancy period [brand name]), and continuously fed to the test group 40 g of mixed feed for sows prepared in Example 1, that is, 40 mg per day as a astaxanthin I paid in a top dress system. The control group is not fed mixed feed for sows. Further, during the period from pregnancy to delivery other than the period from the 14th to the 35th, the test group and the control group were fed with 2.0 to 2.6 kg of feed B per day. The number of pups, the number of suckling heads, and the number of weanling pups of mother pigs were investigated. Compared to the control group, the number of offspring in the test group increased by 0.87 (7%). Furthermore, with the increase in the number of pups in the test group, compared to the control group, the number of feeding start animals in the test group increased by 0.95 (9%), and the number of weaning heads in the test group increased by 1.05 (12%). . In this test, no foster child is used to adjust the number of suckling heads for each sow.
異なる系統の母豚及び異なる飼料を用いても、同程度の産子数、哺乳開始頭数及び離乳頭数の増加効果が見られたことにより、産子数、哺乳開始頭数及び離乳頭数の増加効果は、母豚の系統や配合飼料に依存せず、アスタキサンチンに依存して生じると考えられる。
Even when using different breeds of sows and different feeds, the effects of increasing the number of litters, the number of starting mammals and the number of weaning animals are as follows. It is thought that it occurs depending on astaxanthin, not depending on the mother pig's line or mixed feed.
本発明の母豚の哺乳開始頭数又は離乳頭数を向上させる方法は、母豚１頭あたりの年間哺乳開始頭数又は離乳頭数を向上させることができるので、養豚業の生産性向上に大きく資するものである。特に、本発明によると、安価な成分で母豚の哺乳開始頭数又は離乳頭数を約１０％増加できることから、養豚業者にとっては、革命的な技術となる可能性がある。
The method for improving the number of suckling heads or weaning heads of mother pigs according to the present invention can greatly improve the number of annual sucking heads or weaning heads per mother pig, and thus greatly contributes to the productivity improvement of the pig farming industry. is there. In particular, according to the present invention, it is possible to increase the number of suckling heads or weaning heads of mother pigs by about 10% with inexpensive ingredients, which may be a revolutionary technology for pig farmers.
Claims (2)
- アスタキサンチンを含有する哺乳開始頭数又は離乳頭数の向上剤を、アスタキサンチン換算で１０～１００ｍｇ／日、妊娠後の母豚に対して妊娠後１４日から３５日を含む期間、給与することを特徴とする母豚の哺乳開始頭数又は離乳頭数を向上させる方法。 An astaxanthin-containing improver for the number of starting mammals or weanling is supplied at a rate of 10 to 100 mg / day in terms of astaxanthin, including 14 to 35 days after pregnancy for mother pigs after pregnancy. A method for improving the number of suckling heads or weaning heads of sows.
- アスタキサンチンを含有する、妊娠後の母豚に対して妊娠後１４日から３５日を含む期間、アスタキサンチン換算で１０～１００ｍｇ／日給与されることを特徴とする哺乳開始頭数又は離乳頭数の向上剤。 An astaxanthin-containing improver for the number of starting mammals or weaning heads, which is fed to mother pigs after pregnancy for 10 to 100 mg / day in terms of astaxanthin for a period including 14 to 35 days after pregnancy.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104206738A (en) * | 2014-09-20 | 2014-12-17 | 福建农林大学 | Feed additive for breeding porcupine sows and application of feed additive |
| CN108740450A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-06 | 邛崃驰阳农牧科技有限公司 | A kind of agent of feed for nursing sow for improving weight of weaning litter and reducing sow body weight loss |
| CN109043119A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-21 | 紫云自治县水塘镇小文生态养殖场 | A kind of method for breeding of purple cloud flower pig sow |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000507821A (en) * | 1996-03-27 | 2000-06-27 | アスタカロテーヌ、アクチボラグ | Factors that increase the production of breeding and production mammals |
| JP2011502516A (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2011-01-27 | アイジーン バイオテクノロジー インコーポレイテッド | Drugs aimed at improving carcass performance in finishing pigs |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000507821A (en) * | 1996-03-27 | 2000-06-27 | アスタカロテーヌ、アクチボラグ | Factors that increase the production of breeding and production mammals |
| JP2011502516A (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2011-01-27 | アイジーン バイオテクノロジー インコーポレイテッド | Drugs aimed at improving carcass performance in finishing pigs |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104206738A (en) * | 2014-09-20 | 2014-12-17 | 福建农林大学 | Feed additive for breeding porcupine sows and application of feed additive |
| CN108740450A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-06 | 邛崃驰阳农牧科技有限公司 | A kind of agent of feed for nursing sow for improving weight of weaning litter and reducing sow body weight loss |
| CN109043119A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-21 | 紫云自治县水塘镇小文生态养殖场 | A kind of method for breeding of purple cloud flower pig sow |
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| JPWO2012111277A1 (en) | 2014-07-03 |
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