WO2012108009A1 - 内燃機関の排ガス浄化装置 - Google Patents
内燃機関の排ガス浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012108009A1 WO2012108009A1 PCT/JP2011/052725 JP2011052725W WO2012108009A1 WO 2012108009 A1 WO2012108009 A1 WO 2012108009A1 JP 2011052725 W JP2011052725 W JP 2011052725W WO 2012108009 A1 WO2012108009 A1 WO 2012108009A1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1439—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the position of the sensor
- F02D41/144—Sensor in intake manifold
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/085—Sulfur or sulfur oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1452—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being a COx content or concentration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
- F01N2560/022—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting CO or CO2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/20—Sensor having heating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/04—Methods of control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/0416—Methods of control or diagnosing using the state of a sensor, e.g. of an exhaust gas sensor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
- F01N2900/1612—SOx amount trapped in catalyst
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/08—Exhaust gas treatment apparatus parameters
- F02D2200/0818—SOx storage amount, e.g. for SOx trap or NOx trap
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
- F02D41/0065—Specific aspects of external EGR control
- F02D41/0072—Estimating, calculating or determining the EGR rate, amount or flow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/0275—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a NOx trap or adsorbent
- F02D41/028—Desulfurisation of NOx traps or adsorbent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/18—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals by measuring intake air flow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine that purifies exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine into an exhaust passage, and more particularly to an exhaust gas purification apparatus that calculates the amount of SOx accumulated in a NOx catalyst.
- an exhaust gas purification device of this type of internal combustion engine for example, the one disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known.
- the exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine is provided with a NOx catalyst for purifying NOx in the exhaust gas, and the NOx catalyst has a plurality of bed temperature sensors for detecting the temperature of the catalyst bed (catalyst bed temperature), It arrange
- NOx reduction control for removing NOx deposited on the NOx catalyst is executed in a reducing atmosphere
- PM removal control for removing particulate matter (PM) from the NOx catalyst and SOx.
- the SOx removal control for removing is performed.
- each bed temperature sensor Based on the detected value, an increase amount of each catalyst bed temperature accompanying the supply of the reducing agent to the NOx catalyst (hereinafter referred to as “catalyst temperature increase amount”) is calculated.
- the catalyst temperature increase amounts is smaller than a predetermined determination value, it is determined that the SOx accumulation amount on the NOx catalyst is excessive, and the SOx accumulation amount is calculated according to the catalyst temperature increase amount.
- the execution timing of the SOx removal control is determined based on the calculated SOx accumulation amount.
- This exhaust gas purification apparatus includes a NOx catalyst in an exhaust pipe, and a ⁇ sensor that detects an excess air ratio ⁇ in the exhaust gas is provided on the downstream side of the NOx catalyst.
- NOx reduction control for reducing NOx trapped by the NOx catalyst and SOx removal control for removing SOx accumulated on the NOx catalyst are performed in a reducing atmosphere.
- the air / fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is calculated using the excess air ratio ⁇ detected by the ⁇ sensor, and the air / fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is changed from the lean side to the stoichiometric side of the stoichiometric air / fuel ratio from the start of the SOx removal control. Measure the time until switching to. Then, the SOx deposition amount at the start of the SOx removal control is calculated according to the measured time.
- JP 2009-138525 A European Patent Application Publication No. 1489414
- the SOx deposition amount As described above, in the exhaust gas purification apparatus of Patent Document 1, it is determined whether or not the SOx deposition amount has become excessive only during PM removal control. Therefore, during the period from the end of PM removal control to the start of the next PM removal control, the SOx accumulation amount is not calculated. If the interval is long, the internal combustion engine is in an excessively large amount of SOx accumulation. May be driven.
- the ⁇ sensor used in the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of Patent Document 2 is generally less sensitive to changes in oxygen concentration when the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture is lean. Therefore, the SOx deposition calculated using the detected value is low. Quantity accuracy is low.
- the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and can calculate the amount of SOx deposited on the NOx catalyst with a relatively simple configuration with high accuracy.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine that can improve the characteristics.
- the invention according to claim 1 is directed to an internal combustion engine that purifies exhaust gas discharged to an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine 3 (the exhaust pipe 5 in the embodiment (hereinafter, the same applies to this section)).
- 1 is an exhaust gas purification device 1 which is provided in an exhaust passage, for purifying NOx in exhaust gas, branches from an upstream side of the NOx catalyst 7 in the exhaust passage, and enters an intake passage (intake pipe 4).
- the EGR passage (EGR pipe 6a) for returning a part of the exhaust gas that has joined and discharged to the exhaust passage to the intake passage and the merge portion 4a where the EGR passage of the intake passage joins are provided downstream of the BaCO3.
- a CO2 sensor 22 for detecting the CO2 concentration C (CO2) in of the intake air sucked into the internal combustion engine 3 and the exhaust gas recirculation rate through the EGR passage.
- the EGR rate calculating means (ECU 2, step 1 in FIG. 4) calculated as follows, and the calculated EGR rate rEGR and the detected value of the CO2 sensor 22 (sensor SOx accumulation amount SOxSNS), the SOx accumulated in the NOx catalyst 7 SOx deposition amount calculation means (ECU 2, steps 38 and 39 in FIG. 8) for calculating the amount as an SOx deposition amount (catalyst SOx deposition amount SOxLNT).
- NOx in the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine into the exhaust passage is captured by the NOx catalyst.
- EGR gas a part of the exhaust gas (hereinafter referred to as “EGR gas”) returns to the intake passage through the EGR passage, merges with fresh air introduced into the intake passage, and then sucks into the internal combustion engine as intake air. Is done.
- a CO2 sensor is provided in the intake passage on the downstream side of the joining portion where the EGR gas joins.
- This CO2 sensor includes BaCO3 (barium carbonate) in its detection electrode. For this reason, when SO2 in the EGR gas touches the detection electrode, it is oxidized and converted into SO3, and the converted SO3 is deposited on the detection electrode.
- SO3 sulfur oxides such as SO, SO2 and SO3 are collectively referred to as “SOx”
- SOx sulfur oxides such as SO, SO2 and SO3 are collectively referred to as “SOx”
- SOx sulfur oxides
- the detection signal of the CO2 sensor changes in accordance with the amount of deposition.
- the detection value of the CO2 sensor represents not only the CO2 concentration but also the SOx deposition amount on the CO2 sensor.
- the CO2 sensor is normally provided in an exhaust gas purifying apparatus having an EGR passage, the CO2 sensor is a type that includes BaCO3 in the detection electrode, so that the CO2 concentration of intake air and the SOx deposition on the CO2 sensor. Any of the quantities can be detected.
- the exhaust gas purifying apparatus calculates the EGR gas recirculation rate (the ratio of the EGR gas amount to the total exhaust gas amount) through the EGR passage as the EGR rate, and according to the calculated EGR rate and the detected value of the CO2 sensor.
- the amount of SOx deposited on the NOx catalyst is calculated.
- SOx in the exhaust gas recirculated to the intake passage accumulates on the detection electrode of the CO2 sensor.
- SOx in the exhaust gas flowing into the NOx catalyst is deposited on the NOx catalyst.
- the ratio of the SOx amount recirculated to the intake passage and the SOx amount flowing into the NOx catalyst is determined according to the EGR rate, and the SOx accumulation amount on the detection electrode of the CO2 sensor and the NOx catalyst are determined according to these SOx amounts.
- the amount of SOx deposited is determined.
- the SOx deposition amount on the NOx catalyst can be accurately calculated according to the EGR rate and the SOx deposition amount on the CO2 sensor.
- the calculated amount of SOx deposited on the NOx catalyst it is possible to perform SOx removal control for removing SOx deposited on the NOx catalyst while supplying a reducing agent without excess or deficiency. With this, the fuel consumption and exhaust gas characteristics of the internal combustion engine can be improved.
- ECU 2, step 7 in FIG. 4 the SOx accumulation amount calculating means calculates the SOx accumulation amount using the average value of the calculated EGR rate rEGR (steps 38 and 39 in FIG. 8).
- the average value of the EGR rate in the predetermined period is calculated, and the SOx deposition amount in the predetermined period is calculated according to the average value of the EGR rate and the detection value of the CO2 sensor.
- the EGR rate is 0. Therefore, the SOx accumulation amount according to the EGR rate at that time cannot be calculated. Therefore, by calculating the average value of the EGR rate in a predetermined period and using it for calculating the SOx deposition amount, the SOx deposition amount can be calculated even when the EGR operation is not performed at that time.
- the invention according to claim 3 is the exhaust gas purification apparatus 1 for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the atmospheric CO2 concentration acquisition means (ECU2, step 12 of FIG. 5) for acquiring the atmospheric CO2 concentration C (CO2) amb. ) And the CO2 concentration detected by the CO2 sensor 22 when the exhaust gas is not recirculated through the EGR passage, and the SOx to the detection electrode 22a of the CO2 sensor 22 according to the acquired CO2 concentration in the atmosphere.
- An error calculating means (ECU 2, step 13 in FIG. 5) for calculating the error of the detected value of the CO 2 sensor 22 generated by the accumulation of CO 2, and a correcting means for correcting the detected value of the CO 2 sensor 22 according to the calculated error ( ECU 2 and step 22) in FIG. 6 are further provided.
- the CO2 concentration detected by the CO2 sensor and the acquired CO2 concentration according to the CO2 concentration are obtained.
- An error in the detection value of the CO2 sensor generated due to the accumulation of SOx on the detection electrode of the sensor is calculated, and the detection value of the CO2 sensor is corrected according to the calculated error.
- the CO2 concentration detected by the CO2 sensor and the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere are substantially equal.
- SOx is deposited on the detection electrode
- an error occurs between the two due to the reaction of BACO3 contained in the detection electrode with sulfur, and the magnitude thereof increases as the amount of SOx deposited on the CO2 sensor increases.
- the detection error of the CO2 concentration favorably reflects the amount of SOx deposited on the CO2 sensor.
- the detection value of the CO2 sensor can be appropriately corrected based on the detection error of the CO2 concentration, and even when SOx is deposited on the detection electrode of the CO2 sensor, the effect is compensated for to the NOx catalyst.
- the amount of SOx deposited can be calculated with high accuracy.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an internal combustion engine to which an exhaust gas purifying apparatus according to an embodiment is applied. It is a block diagram of an exhaust gas purification apparatus. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a CO2 sensor. It is a flowchart which shows the calculation process of an average EGR rate. It is a flowchart which shows the calculation process of the shift voltage of a CO2 sensor. It is a flowchart which shows the calculation process of sensor SOx accumulation amount. It is a map for calculating sensor SOx accumulation amount. It is a flowchart which shows the calculation process of catalyst SOx accumulation amount. It is a flowchart which shows a SOx removal control process. It is a timing chart which shows the operation example obtained by SOx removal control processing.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of an exhaust gas purification device 1 according to the present invention and an internal combustion engine 3 to which the exhaust gas purification device 1 is applied.
- the internal combustion engine (hereinafter referred to as “engine”) 3 is, for example, a four-cylinder lean burn gasoline engine mounted on the vehicle V.
- the engine 3 is provided with an EGR device 6 having an EGR pipe 6a and an EGR control valve 6b.
- One end of the EGR pipe 6a is connected to the exhaust pipe 5 at the branching part 5a, and the other end is connected to the intake pipe 4 at the joining part 4a.
- a part of the exhaust gas of the engine 3 is recirculated as EGR gas to the intake pipe 4 through the EGR pipe 6a, thereby lowering the combustion temperature in the engine 3 so that NOx in the exhaust gas is reduced. Decrease.
- the EGR control valve 6b is composed of a linear electromagnetic valve attached to the EGR pipe 6a.
- the EGR gas amount is controlled by controlling the duty ratio (EGR duty ratio) EGRduty of the current supplied to the EGR control valve 6b by the ECU 2 and controlling the lift amount linearly. Specifically, as the EGR duty ratio EGRduty increases, the lift amount increases and the EGR gas amount increases.
- EGR duty ratio EGRduty
- the EGR control valve 6b is fully closed to stop the EGR operation, and the EGR gas amount and the exhaust gas recirculation rate through the EGR pipe 6b (EGR gas relative to the total exhaust gas amount).
- the EGR rate rEGR representing the ratio of the amount becomes zero.
- the intake pipe 4 is provided with a throttle valve mechanism 8 on the upstream side of the merging portion 4a.
- the throttle valve mechanism 8 includes a throttle valve 8a and a TH actuator 8b that drives the throttle valve 8a.
- the opening degree of the throttle valve 8a is controlled by driving the TH actuator 8b by a control signal from the ECU 2, thereby controlling the amount of air (fresh air) drawn into the engine 3.
- an air flow sensor 21 is provided on the upstream side of the throttle valve 8a, and a CO2 sensor 22 and an intake pressure sensor 23 are provided in order from the upstream side on the downstream side of the junction 4a.
- the air flow sensor 21 detects the amount of air sucked into the engine 3 (hereinafter referred to as “air amount”) Mail
- the intake pressure sensor 23 detects the intake pressure PB downstream of the throttle valve 8a as an absolute pressure
- Those detection signals are output to the ECU 2.
- a detection signal indicating the atmospheric pressure PA is output from the atmospheric pressure sensor 24 to the ECU 2
- a detection signal indicating the vehicle speed VP that is the speed of the vehicle V is output from the vehicle speed sensor 25.
- the CO2 sensor 22 includes an electrolyte 22c, and a detection electrode 22a and a counter electrode 22b provided on the upper surface thereof.
- the detection electrode 22a contains BaCO3, and the electrolyte 22c is made of NASICON (sodium super ion conductor).
- a heater 22d for heating the detection electrode 22a is provided on the lower surface of the electrolyte 22c.
- the EGR gas when the EGR gas is recirculated to the intake pipe 4 by the EGR operation, SOx in the EGR gas is deposited on the detection electrode 22a.
- SOx When SOx is deposited on the detection electrode 22a, the potential difference between the detection electrode 22a and the counter electrode 22b changes according to the amount of SOx deposited.
- the ECU 2 calculates the amount of SOx deposited on the detection electrode 22a according to the output voltage Usens of the CO2 sensor 22. The calculation method will be described later.
- the exhaust pipe 5 is provided with an air-fuel ratio sensor 26 on the downstream side of the branch portion 5a, and further on the downstream side thereof with the NOx catalyst 7.
- the air-fuel ratio sensor 26 linearly detects the air-fuel ratio (excess air ratio) ⁇ in the exhaust gas in a wide range of air-fuel ratios from the rich region to the lean region, and outputs a detection signal to the ECU 2.
- the NOx catalyst 7 captures NOx in the exhaust gas in an oxidizing atmosphere with a high oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas, and reduces the captured NOx in a reducing atmosphere in which the exhaust gas contains a large amount of a reducing agent. , Purify the exhaust gas.
- the ECU 2 is composed of a microcomputer including an I / O interface, a CPU, a RAM, and a ROM (all not shown).
- the ECU 2 determines the operating state of the engine 3 according to the detection signals from the various sensors 21 to 26 described above, and executes various control processes of the engine 3 according to the determination results.
- the ECU 2 corresponds to an EGR rate calculating means, an SOx accumulation amount calculating means, an average value calculating means, an atmospheric CO2 concentration acquiring means, an error calculating means, and a correcting means.
- FIG. 4 shows a process for calculating the average EGR rate rEGRavrg.
- step 1 illustrated as “S1”, the same applies hereinafter
- a predetermined map (not shown) is searched according to the air-fuel ratio ⁇ and the CO2 concentration C (CO2) in of the intake air, thereby The EGR rate rEGR is calculated.
- step 2 the EGR gas amount Megr is calculated by the following equation (1) using the air amount Mail and the EGR rate rEGR.
- Megr Mair ⁇ rEGR / (1-rEGR) (1)
- step 3 an integrated value (hereinafter referred to as “air mass”) ⁇ Mair of the air amount Mail is calculated, and in step 4, an integrated value (hereinafter referred to as “EGR gas mass”) ⁇ Megr of the EGR gas amount Megr is calculated. .
- step 6 it is determined whether or not the calculated travel distance Ldrv is greater than or equal to a predetermined distance Lref (for example, 100 km). When this answer is NO, this processing is terminated as it is.
- a predetermined distance Lref for example, 100 km.
- step 8 the air mass ⁇ Mair, the EGR gas mass ⁇ Megr, and the travel distance Ldrv are all reset to 0, and this process is terminated.
- the average EGR rate rEGRavrg calculated as described above corresponds to the average value of the EGR rate rEGR during a predetermined period in which the vehicle V has traveled for a predetermined distance Lref.
- FIG. 5 shows a calculation process of the shift voltage E0sft.
- This shift voltage E0sft is the amount of shift (error) to the increase side of Usens that occurs due to the deposition of SOx on the detection electrode 22a of the CO2 sensor 22.
- step 11 it is determined whether or not the engine 3 has just been started. When this answer is NO, this processing is terminated as it is.
- step 12 the reference voltage E0base is set to the predetermined voltage Uref. To do.
- step 14 an initial value SOxSNS0 of the sensor SOx deposition amount is calculated by searching a predetermined map (not shown) according to the calculated shift voltage E0sft, and this processing is terminated.
- This initial value SOxSNS0 corresponds to the amount of SOx deposited on the detection electrode 22a of the CO2 sensor 22 when the engine 3 is started. In this map, the initial value SOxSNS0 is set to be proportional to the shift voltage E0sft.
- FIG. 6 shows a calculation process of the sensor SOx deposition amount SOxSNS.
- This sensor SOx accumulation amount SOxSNS is the SOx amount accumulated on the detection electrode 22a of the CO2 sensor 22 while the vehicle V is running after the engine 3 is started.
- this process first, in step 21, it is determined whether or not this time is immediately after the sensor SOx removal control is finished.
- this sensor SOx removal control by energizing the heater 22d of the CO2 sensor 22 for a predetermined time, the temperature of the detection electrode 22a is raised, and SOx deposited on the detection electrode 22a is removed.
- step 23 using the correction voltage Ucor, the predetermined coefficient ⁇ e, and the EGR rate rEGR at that time, the increased voltage Unet is calculated by the following equation (3).
- Unet Ucor ⁇ e ⁇ rEGR (3)
- step 24 the sensor SOx deposition amount SOxSNS is calculated by searching the map of FIG. 7 according to the increased voltage Unit, and the present process is terminated.
- the sensor SOx accumulation amount SOxSNS is set to be proportional to the increased voltage Unet.
- step 21 if the answer to step 21 is YES and immediately after the end of the sensor SOx removal control, the shift voltage E0sft is reset to 0 (step 25), assuming that all SOx has been removed from the detection electrode 22a of the CO2 sensor 22. Then, the sensor SOx accumulation amount SOxSNS is reset to 0 (step 26), and this process is terminated.
- the correction voltage Ucor becomes equal to the output voltage Usens. Therefore, in steps 23 and 24, the output voltage Usens is used as it is as the correction voltage Ucor, and the increased voltage Unet. Is calculated.
- FIG. 8 shows a calculation process of the catalyst SOx deposition amount SOxLNT.
- This catalyst SOx deposition amount SOxLNT is the SOx deposition amount on the NOx catalyst 7.
- step 31 it is determined whether or not this time is immediately after the catalyst SOx removal control is finished.
- this catalyst SOx removal control fuel is supplied to the upstream side of the NOx catalyst 7 to raise the temperature of the NOx catalyst 7 and remove SOx accumulated on the NOx catalyst 7. If the answer to step 31 is YES and immediately after the catalyst SOx removal control ends, it is determined in step 32 whether the sensor SOx removal control is executed together with the catalyst SOx removal control.
- step 33 the counter value k is incremented, and the process proceeds to step 36.
- the answer to step 32 is YES and the sensor SOx removal control is executed, the initial value SOxSNS0 of the sensor SOx accumulation amount is reset to 0 in step 34, and the counter value k is reset to 0 in step 35. To do.
- step 36 following step 33 or 35, an initial value SOxLNT0 of a catalyst SOx accumulation amount to be described later is reset to 0, and in step 37, the catalyst SOx accumulation amount SOxLNT is reset to 0, and this processing is terminated. .
- step 31 the sensor SOx accumulation amount SOxSNS, the average EGR rate rEGRavrg calculated in step 7 of FIG.
- SOxLNTbase SOxSNS ⁇ ⁇ sns ⁇ (1-rEGRAvrg) / rEGRAvrg ....
- This basic value SOxLNTbase corresponds to the SOx amount that is assumed to be deposited on the NOx catalyst 7 when it is assumed that the catalyst SOx removal control is not performed (see FIG. 10).
- the correction coefficient ⁇ sns is for compensating for the area ratio of the detection electrode 22a of the CO2 sensor 22 to the passage area of the intake pipe 4, the difference in the BaCO3 content between the NO catalyst 7 and the detection electrode 22a, and the like. Is.
- step 39 using the initial value SOxLNT0, the basic value SOxLNTbase, the predetermined upper limit value SOxLNTrmv, and the counter value k of the catalyst SOx accumulation amount, the catalyst SOx accumulation amount SOxLNT is calculated by the following equation (5).
- SOxLNT SOxLNT0 + SOxLNTbase-SOxLNTrmvxk (5)
- the upper limit value SOxLNTrmv corresponds to the amount of SOx removed from the NOx catalyst 7 by the catalyst SOx removal control.
- FIG. 9 shows the SOx removal control process.
- This SOx removal control process performs sensor SOx removal control and catalyst SOx removal control.
- step 41 it is determined whether or not the catalyst SOx accumulation amount SOxLNT calculated in step 37 of FIG. 8 is equal to or larger than the upper limit value SOxLNTrmv. When this answer is NO, this processing is terminated as it is.
- the catalyst SOx removal control is executed in step 42 assuming that the catalyst SOx accumulation amount SOxLNT is excessive. By executing this catalyst SOx removal control, the SOx accumulated on the NOx catalyst 7 is removed, and accordingly, in step 35, the catalyst SOx accumulation amount SOxLNT is reset to zero.
- step 44 it is determined whether or not the calculated sensor SOx total accumulation amount SOxSNSgrs is equal to or greater than the predetermined upper limit value SOxSNSrmv. When this answer is NO, this processing is terminated as it is.
- step 44 if the answer to step 44 is YES and SOxSNSgrs ⁇ SOxSNSrmv, it is determined that the sensor SOx total deposition amount SOxSNSgrs is excessive, and in step 45, sensor SOx removal control is executed, and this process is terminated.
- sensor SOx removal control By executing this sensor SOx removal control, the SOx deposited on the detection electrode 22a of the CO2 sensor 22 is removed, and accordingly, in step 26, the sensor SOx deposition amount SOxSNS is reset to zero.
- FIG. 10 shows an operation example obtained by the exhaust gas purification processing described so far.
- the sensor SOx total accumulation amount SOxSNSgrs and the catalyst SOx accumulation amount SOxLNT are both 0.
- both the SOx deposition amount on the detection electrode 22a of the CO2 sensor 22 and the SOx deposition amount on the NOx catalyst increase.
- the sensor SOx deposition amount SOxSNS at this time increases from the value 0 as a result of calculation using the map of FIG. 7 described above.
- step 41 in FIG. 8 the answer to step 41 in FIG. 8 becomes YES, so that the first catalyst SOx removal control is executed (step 42). Accordingly, the catalyst SOx accumulation amount SOxLNT is reset to 0 (step 35), and the counter value k is incremented from 0 to 1 (step 33 in FIG. 7).
- the sensor SOx total deposition amount SOxSNSgrs has not yet reached the upper limit value SOxSNSrmv, so the sensor SOx removal control is not executed, and the sensor SOx total deposition amount SOxSNSgrs continues to increase.
- the catalyst SOx accumulation amount SOxLNT and the counter value k at that time are stored and used as initial values SOxLNT0 and k at the next start-up.
- the sensor SOx deposition amount SOxSNS can be detected in addition to the CO2 concentration C (CO2) in of the intake air. Further, since the relationship between the sensor SOx accumulation amount SOxSNS and the catalyst SOx accumulation amount SOxLNT is determined according to the EGR rate rEGR, the catalyst SOx accumulation amount SOxLNT is calculated according to the EGR rate rEGR and the sensor SOx accumulation amount SOxSNS. In addition, the calculation of the catalyst SOx deposition amount SOxLNT can be performed with high accuracy. Further, according to the calculated catalyst SOx accumulation amount SOxLNT, the catalyst SOx removal control can be performed while supplying the reducing agent without excess or deficiency, thereby improving the fuel consumption and exhaust gas characteristics of the engine 3. Can be made.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be implemented in various modes.
- the average EGR rate rEGRavrg is calculated for each predetermined distance Lref, but the predetermined distance Lref may not be constant.
- the predetermined distance Lref may be set to a smaller value as the catalyst SOx accumulation amount SOxLNT approaches the upper limit value SOxLNTrmv.
- the average EGR rate rEGRavrg can be calculated more finely, so that the calculation accuracy of the catalyst SOx accumulation amount SOxLNT can be further increased, and the catalyst SOx removal control is more appropriately performed. It can be executed at any time.
- the average EGR rate rEGRavrg may be calculated every predetermined time instead of every predetermined distance.
- the following processing may be performed instead of the processing in steps 25 and 26 in FIG. 6 that is executed immediately after the sensor SOx removal control is completed.
- the EGR operation is stopped by fully closing the EGR control valve 6b.
- the shift voltage E0sft and the initial value SOxSNS0 are calculated by the same method as in FIG. 5 assuming that the EGR rate rEGR becomes 0 when a predetermined time has elapsed since the EGR operation stopped.
- the subsequent sensor SOx deposition amount SOxSNS is calculated.
- the shift voltage E0sft is calculated even while the vehicle V is traveling, so that the SOx accumulation amount SOxLNT is calculated even when the SOx removal control does not completely remove SOx from the detection electrode 22a. Accuracy can be maintained.
- a predetermined value corresponding to the normal CO2 concentration in the atmosphere is used as the predetermined voltage Uref representing the atmospheric CO2 concentration C (CO2) amb.
- the atmospheric CO2 concentration C (CO2) amb is detected.
- An atmospheric CO2 sensor may be provided, and the detected value may be used.
- the embodiment is an example in which the present invention is applied to a lean burn type gasoline engine mounted on a vehicle, but the present invention is not limited to this and is applied to various engines such as a diesel engine other than a gasoline engine.
- the present invention is also applicable to engines other than those for vehicles, for example, engines for marine propulsion devices such as outboard motors having a crankshaft arranged vertically.
- the exhaust gas purification apparatus can calculate the amount of SOx deposited on the NOx catalyst with high accuracy, and is useful for improving the fuel consumption and exhaust gas characteristics of the internal combustion engine.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Megr=Mair×rEGR/(1-rEGR) ・・・・(1)
rEGRavrg=ΣMegr/(ΣMair+ΣMegr)
・・・・(2)
Unet=Ucor-αe×rEGR ・・・・(3)
この増加電圧Unetは、補正電圧UcorからCO2濃度C(CO2)inの増加に起因する出力電圧Usensの増加分(=αe×rEGR)を減算したものであり、検知電極22aへのSOxの堆積に起因する出力電圧Usensの正味の増加分を表す。
SOxLNTbase
=SOxSNS×ηsns×(1-rEGRavrg)/rEGRavrg
・・・・(4)
SOxLNT
=SOxLNT0+SOxLNTbase-SOxLNTrmv×k
・・・・(5)
後述するように、上限値SOxLNTrmvは、触媒SOx除去制御によってNOx触媒7から除去されるSOx量に相当する。
2 ECU(EGR率算出手段、SOx堆積量算出手段、平均値算出手
段、大気CO2濃度取得手段、誤差算出手段、補正手段)
3 エンジン(内燃機関)
4 吸気管(吸気通路)
4a 合流部
5 排気管(排気通路)
6a EGR通路(EGR管)
7 NOx触媒
22 CO2センサ
22a 検知電極
C(CO2)in 吸気のCO2濃度
rEGR EGR率
SOxSNS センサSOx堆積量(CO2センサの検出値)
SOxLNT 触媒SOx堆積量(NOx触媒に堆積したSOxの量)
Lref/dT 走行距離が所定距離に達するまでの期間(所定期間)
rEGRavrg 平均EGR率(所定期間におけるEGR率の平均値)
C(CO2)amb 大気のCO2濃度
Claims (3)
- 内燃機関から排気通路に排出された排ガスを浄化する内燃機関の排ガス浄化装置であって、
前記排気通路に設けられ、排ガス中のNOxを浄化するためのNOx触媒と、
前記排気通路の前記NOx触媒よりも上流側から分岐するとともに吸気通路に合流し、前記排気通路に排出された排ガスの一部を前記吸気通路に還流させるためのEGR通路と、
前記吸気通路の前記EGR通路が合流する合流部よりも下流側に設けられ、BaCO3を含む検知電極を有し、前記内燃機関に吸入される吸気のCO2濃度を検出するCO2センサと、
前記EGR通路を介した排ガスの還流率をEGR率として算出するEGR率算出手段と、
当該算出されたEGR率および前記CO2センサの検出値に応じて、前記NOx触媒に堆積したSOxの量をSOx堆積量として算出するSOx堆積量算出手段と、
を備えることを特徴とする内燃機関の排ガス浄化装置。 - 所定期間におけるEGR率の平均値を算出する平均値算出手段をさらに備え、
前記SOx堆積量算出手段は、前記算出されたEGR率の平均値を用いて、SOx堆積量を算出することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排ガス浄化装置。 - 大気のCO2濃度を取得する大気CO2濃度取得手段と、
前記EGR通路を介した排ガスの還流が行われていないときに前記CO2センサにより検出されたCO2濃度と、前記取得された大気のCO2濃度に応じて、前記CO2センサの前記検知電極へのSOxの堆積により発生する前記CO2センサの検出値の誤差を算出する誤差算出手段と、
当該算出された誤差に応じて、前記CO2センサの検出値を補正する補正手段と、
をさらに備えることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の内燃機関の排ガス浄化装置。
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DE112011104862T DE112011104862T5 (de) | 2011-02-09 | 2011-02-09 | Abgasreinigungssystem für einen Verbrennungsmotor |
US13/983,580 US20140007560A1 (en) | 2011-02-09 | 2011-02-09 | Exhaust gas purifying system for internal combustion engine |
PCT/JP2011/052725 WO2012108009A1 (ja) | 2011-02-09 | 2011-02-09 | 内燃機関の排ガス浄化装置 |
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DE102013220869A1 (de) * | 2013-10-15 | 2015-05-07 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren zur Messung des CO2-Anteiles in einem Gasgemisch und Luftansaugsystem einer Brennkraftmaschine |
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WO2015004846A1 (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-15 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | SOx CONCENTRATION DETECTION DEVICE OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
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JP4775321B2 (ja) * | 2007-05-25 | 2011-09-21 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
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US8108129B2 (en) * | 2008-05-20 | 2012-01-31 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust gas recirculation apparatus for an internal combustion engine |
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- 2011-02-09 WO PCT/JP2011/052725 patent/WO2012108009A1/ja active Application Filing
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EP1489414A1 (en) * | 2001-12-14 | 2004-12-22 | Magneti Marelli Powertrain Spa | Method for estimating the sulfur content in the fuel of an internal combustion engine |
JP2009138525A (ja) * | 2007-12-03 | 2009-06-25 | Toyota Motor Corp | 排気浄化装置の硫黄堆積度合推定装置 |
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