WO2012095123A1 - Tiefseevorrichtung zur bergung zumindest eines tiefseeobjekts - Google Patents
Tiefseevorrichtung zur bergung zumindest eines tiefseeobjekts Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012095123A1 WO2012095123A1 PCT/EP2011/005590 EP2011005590W WO2012095123A1 WO 2012095123 A1 WO2012095123 A1 WO 2012095123A1 EP 2011005590 W EP2011005590 W EP 2011005590W WO 2012095123 A1 WO2012095123 A1 WO 2012095123A1
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- Prior art keywords
- deep
- sea
- buoyancy
- catching
- sea device
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
- B63C7/00—Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects
- B63C7/16—Apparatus engaging vessels or objects
- B63C7/20—Apparatus engaging vessels or objects using grabs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
- B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
- B63C11/52—Tools specially adapted for working underwater, not otherwise provided for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
- B63G8/001—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations
Definitions
- Deep-sea device for salvaging at least one deep-sea object
- the invention relates to a deep-sea device and a method for recovering at least one preferably deep-sea biological deep-sea object, wherein the at least one deep sea ect comprises in particular at least one (vital or lifeless) biological organism and / or cell material thereof.
- the deep sea even if the term is not defined in the general language exactly with a depth range, represents the largest biotope on earth.
- the area of the oceans, oceans or lakes is to be understood, in which there is almost complete darkness and organisms live, which are largely adapted to the conditions prevailing there (pressure, temperature, nutrient concentration, etc.) and must live there for most of their lifespan.
- This area begins approximately at a water depth of 1,000 m and ends at currently known about 11,034 m (Mariana Trench, which is considered the deepest point of the Erdozeane).
- the average depth of the oceans and oceans of the earth is over 3,000 m and occupies an area of well over half of the globe. Regardless of the large area, knowledge about this part of the biosphere is mainly limited to the upper areas (up to about 3,000 m depth) and locally very narrow areas. This is mainly due to more punctual investigations due to mainly technical and logistical problems together, as well as the considerable effort that needs to be made with increasing depth to extract deep-sea objects or samples, to find animals, to observe or to be able to take other actions.
- the deep-sea organisms are in many ways scientifically but also economically interesting. With increasing depth, they are obligately “barophilic” or “piezophilic”, i. adapted to the high pressure conditions of the deep sea.
- Deep sea obj ects The former survive only organisms that are not macroorganisms (eg bacteria) and not necessarily piezophilic. The processes are therefore limited to depths less than un ⁇ dangerous 2,000m. Second brings uptime in the Hourly range and therefore requires very precise thermostating and pressure stabilization. Here, too, clear depth limits are set and no vital recovery except those mentioned succeeded.
- An object of the invention is to provide an improved deep sea device and an improved method for recovering at least one deep sea object.
- at least one Tiefseeobj ect preferably a Markoorganismus
- the invention relates in particular to the general technical teaching, contrary to the currently known approaches salvage at least one deep sea object as quickly as possible from the deep sea.
- a deep-sea device for recovering at least one preferably biological deep-sea object.
- the at least one deep sea object comprises in particular at least one vital and / or lifeless organism and / or cell material thereof, but also any other types and forms of objects and materials occurring in the deep sea (eg fish, crabs, protozoa, macromolecules, tissue). associations, etc.).
- the organism is preferably a biological organism comprising in particular at least one biological cell, preferably microbial or animal cells of lower or higher organisms.
- the deep-sea device comprises a catching and / or receiving device for receiving and, in particular, catching at least one deep sea ect in the deep sea, and a drive unit for actively driving the deep sea device.
- the deep-sea device is preferably designed and set up to be propelled at least in sections, essentially in the buoyancy direction towards the water surface (preferably by means of the drive unit) between the deep sea and the water surface, in particular being propelled towards the water surface in the form of a torpedo.
- the deep sea device may, but does not have to, drive the entire path from the deep sea to the water surface substantially in the buoyancy direction. It is also possible that the deep-sea device is propelled on the way out of the deep sea to the water surface in sections deviating from the buoyancy direction, e.g. to emerge on the water surface in a certain target region.
- the buoyancy direction is opposed to the direction of gravity and / or intersects a fictitiously flat water surface at right angles.
- the deep sea device is formed substantially torpedo-like.
- Torpedo-like in the context of the invention comprises in particular at least one of the following properties: the shape of a conventional torpedo optionally plus other parts, the size of a conventional torpedo, the achievable speed of a conventional torpedo (ie a speed greater than 25 km / h, 50 km / h, 75 km / h or 100 km / h), the ability to be moved away from a horizontal, preferably defined essentially in the buoyancy direction.
- emergence times from the deep sea can be considerably shortened, for example from 7,000 m water depth to less than 10 minutes.
- speed of more than 100 km / h can be achieved, which corresponds to an emergence time of about 5 minutes, for example, at 7,000 m water depth.
- the deep-sea device is designed and arranged to preferably sink passively onto the deep-sea floor.
- the deep-sea device it is also possible for the deep-sea device to be configured and arranged to be kept above the deep-sea floor in a deep sea target region.
- the deep-sea device prefferably designed and arranged to be aligned, in particular raised, in the deep sea, preferably in such a way that the head end of the deep sea device faces the water surface and the drive unit faces the deep sea bottom.
- the deep sea device is preferably configured and arranged to be oriented in the deep sea so that the longitudinal axis of the deep sea device is substantially parallel to the buoyancy direction or substantially coincident with the buoyancy direction and / or substantially perpendicular to a fictitious plane Water surface is aligned.
- the deep-sea device prefferably be designed and arranged to be propelled aligned, at least in sections, substantially parallel to the buoyancy direction, preferably such that the head end of the deep sea device faces the water surface and the drive unit faces the deep sea floor.
- the longitudinal axis of the deep sea device aligned substantially parallel to the buoyancy direction or substantially coincident with the buoyancy direction coincident and / or substantially perpendicular to a fictitiously flat water surface.
- the deep-sea device may comprise a preferably disposable weight means and / or a buoyancy unit.
- a head end region of the deep sea device comprises the weighted means and / or the buoyancy unit.
- the head end region of the deep sea device comprises e.g. the head-side third, the head-side quarter or the head-side sixth of the deep-sea device.
- the weight average is designed to preferably form the head end of the deep sea device during the sinking of the deep sea device. Thereby, e.g. It is ensured that the deep-sea device descends head first and in particular with the weight-average, which advantageously makes it possible for the deep-sea device to hit the deep-sea floor head-on and / or prevent the deep-sea device from being connected to the drive unit, the safety device or other sensitive devices Sharing meets the deep-sea floor.
- the weight-average can be thrown off the deep-sea device by means of an ejection mechanism.
- the dump mechanism is preferably configured and configured to dump the weight average in the deep sea target zone (eg, at the deep sea floor or spaced above the deep sea floor).
- the buoyancy unit is preferably formed in the head end region of the deep sea device, in particular under the weight average, to extend and / or erect the deep sea device in the deep sea, preferably after the weight average has been dropped.
- the longitudinal axis of the deep-sea device is oriented substantially parallel to the buoyancy direction or substantially coincident with the buoyancy direction coincident and / or substantially perpendicular to a fictitiously flat water surface.
- the head end of the deep-sea device to the water surface and the drive unit to the deep sea floor.
- the weight-average forms the head end of the deep-sea device, while after the launch the buoyancy unit forms the head end or at least is positioned as close as possible to the head end.
- the buoyancy unit is configured and configured to generate a preferably static buoyancy. It is possible that the buoyancy unit comprises a buoyancy fluid (preferably a buoyant gas) and / or a buoyancy mass (e.g., a hollow glass ball system, glass hollow ball cement mix, etc.).
- a buoyancy fluid preferably a buoyant gas
- a buoyancy mass e.g., a hollow glass ball system, glass hollow ball cement mix, etc.
- the weight of the weight means exceeds the buoyancy of the buoyancy unit.
- the deep-sea device is designed and set up to sink passively or autonomously into the deep sea.
- the catching device can be pressure-regulated and / or temperature-regulated.
- the deep-sea device may comprise a tempering device and / or a pressure adjustment device.
- the catching device is designed and set up in order to ensure a temperature for at least one recorded deep sea object, which corresponds essentially to the temperature in the deep sea receiving area.
- the catching device can be designed and set up in order to ensure a pressure for at least one recorded deep sea object, which essentially corresponds to the pressure in the deep sea receiving area.
- the catcher may be configured and arranged to provide pressure for at least one captured deep sea object that substantially follows the outside or ambient pressure.
- the catcher can thus be designed pressure-resistant (for example, over 50 MPa, over 75 Pa, over 100 MPa or over 110 MPa) as well as pressure-free.
- the catching device comprises a chamber, in particular a catching chamber for at least one deep-sea object.
- the catching device may further comprise a locking unit to detect whether one or more deep-sea objects have been picked up.
- the chamber is preferably a closable by means of a VerInstitutmit means chamber.
- the lockable chamber is e.g. closed when a locking unit has detected the presence of one or more deep-sea objects in the fishing gear.
- the catching device may further comprise a lure for attracting at least one deep sea object into the catching device.
- the capture device may include a suction device for sucking deep-sea water and in particular at least one deep sea object into the catching device and / or a filtering or screening device for filtering out or detecting at least one deep-sea object from the deep-sea water.
- At least one Tiefseeobj ekt is applied by means of the suction against the sieve.
- the deep-sea apparatus may include one or more preparation means to prepare a recorded in the Fangein ⁇ direction Wegseeobj at least ect, for example, after a fixing unit, the presence of at least egg ees Kliseeobj ects has detected in the capture device and / or even before the emergence of the deep sea device from the water surface, for example, already in the deep sea and / or while the deep sea device is driven towards the water surface.
- a preparation device can be provided to at least one deep-sea object received in the catching device, e.g. to fix by means of penetration and / or e.g. to fractionate and / or kill by cutting.
- the preparation device may include cutting and / or lancing means fixing and / or Zerlegmaschine.
- at least one deep sea component is fractionally fractionated and / or fixed.
- a preparation device can be provided in order to provide at least one active agent to at least one deep-sea object accommodated in the catching device.
- the active agent may e.g. at least one preserving substance, at least one nutrient medium, at least one enzyme solution (in particular for dissolving a tissue composite of a deep-sea obj ect) and / or at least one cryoprotectant (in particular for maintaining the vitality of at least one deep-sea object).
- the preparation device and / or the capture device is designed and set up to isolate at least one recorded deep sea object substantially from ambient water, eg by displacing or pressurizing (sucking or pushing) the ambient water from the preparation device and / or the capture device, thereby advantageously eg the active agent is not undesirable Water is diluted or rinsed out or in general the preparation is not affected by water.
- the preparation device and / or the capture device prefferably be designed and set up to retrieve at least one captured deep-sea object surrounded by ambient water, e.g. by means of tight closing, so that (deep-sea) water taken up in the preparation device and / or the catching device can not escape.
- the deep-sea device preferably has an elongate main body.
- the elongated main body may be a metal, plastic and / or ceramic construction.
- the elongate main body may be formed substantially cylindrical and / or conical. Furthermore, the elongated main body can be formed in one or more parts.
- the catching device or the chamber is preferably removable and re-attachable to the interior of the elongate main body, in particular together with at least one deep-sea object housed therein.
- the catching device may be detachable (and preferably refastenable) at least in sections, ie in parts or completely, preferably modularly and / or together with at least one deep-sea object housed therein, eg a rapid further treatment of at least one of them ensure a deep-sea object.
- the catching device may comprise a connection device for connection to an external pressure system.
- the catching device to be removed completely or a part thereof with at least one captured deep-sea object or a part thereof after salvaging and connected to another printing system and additionally or alternatively as a whole assembly or in parts the at least one recorded Tiefseeobj ect (eg cells, tissues or the whole organism trapped) further treated, eg frozen (cryopreserved) can be.
- Tiefseeobj ect eg cells, tissues or the whole organism trapped
- the catching device can be detachably fastened to the deep-sea device by means of a quick-acting fastener and can preferably be fastened remountable.
- the portion of the catcher which is removable from the remaining catcher may be detachably and preferably attachable to the catcher or other suitable part of the deep-sea device by means of a quick release fastener.
- the deep sea device may further include at least one spacer means for preventing an inlet port of the catcher from resting on the deep sea floor and thus being closed by the deep sea floor.
- the spacer means is bow-shaped and / or extends over the inlet opening of the catcher.
- the spacer means also serves as a protection device, e.g. to prevent damaging the sensitive trap when hitting the deep seabed.
- the drive unit is designed as a propeller drive unit and / or recoil drive unit. Furthermore, the drive unit can be used as a screw Drive unit, preferably designed as a double screw drive unit.
- the drive unit is configured and configured to drive the deep-sea device at a speed greater than: 25 km / h, 50 km / h, 75 km / h, 100 km / h, 125 km / h or 150 km /H.
- the deep sea device may include a signaling device (e.g., radio, lights, reflectors, etc.) to allow rapid location (e.g., when lettered).
- a signaling device e.g., radio, lights, reflectors, etc.
- the deep-sea device may also include an adjustment system for adjusting (e.g., controlling, controlling, controlling, etc.) the speed and / or direction of movement of the deep-sea device, particularly during emergence, to e.g. to compensate for drifting or otherwise unintentional directional deviation and / or to ensure emergence of the deep-sea device in a target region on the water surface.
- an adjustment system for adjusting e.g., controlling, controlling, controlling, etc.
- the speed and / or direction of movement of the deep-sea device particularly during emergence, to e.g. to compensate for drifting or otherwise unintentional directional deviation and / or to ensure emergence of the deep-sea device in a target region on the water surface.
- the deep-sea device has a sensor device for detecting, e.g. acoustic directional beam comprises.
- a determination device in particular a
- the position and / or the depth and / or the orientation or the direction of movement of the deep-sea device can be detected, determined, measured or determined.
- the direction of movement and / or the speed of the deep-sea device can be adjusted during the emergence.
- the emergence speed of the deep-sea device can be adjusted, for example, and / or a sinking of the deep-sea device be stopped in order to keep the deep sea device in a Tiefseetiefenzielregion above the deep sea floor, for example by the weight means is dropped and the buoyancy unit is designed and set up so that the Tiefseevorrich- direction does not leave the deep sea target area, so neither sinks nor rises.
- the depth of the deep-sea device can be determined in particular via a detected water pressure or light-based.
- the depth may include the distance of the deep sea device to the water surface and / or the distance of the deep sea device above the deep sea floor.
- the deep-sea device is particularly designed for a range of use of between about 1,000 m and about 11,000 m.
- the deep-sea device is preferably designed as a deep-sea probe and / or unmanned and preferably functions autonomously.
- the drive is preprogrammed by means of the drive unit.
- the invention also includes a method for recovering at least one deep-sea object by means of a deep-sea device, preferably a deep-sea device as described herein.
- a deep-sea object is at least recorded by means of a catching device in the deep sea and the deep sea driven device according to the receiving means of a drive unit ⁇ . It is possible for the deep-sea device to be propelled at least in sections between the deep sea and the surface of the water substantially in the direction of buoyancy toward the water surface (preferably by means of the drive unit). Alternatively or additionally, the deep-sea device may be torpedo-like, in particular torpedo-driven towards the water surface. Further method steps according to the invention will become apparent from the associated description of the deep-sea device.
- FIGS. 1 to 5 show schematic sectional views of various embodiments of a deep-sea device according to the invention or sections thereof,
- FIGS. 6 and 7 show schematic sectional views of an embodiment of a preparation device according to the invention for preparing a deep-sea obj ect.
- FIGS. 8 to 10 show schematic sectional views of a section of an embodiment of a deep-sea device according to the invention
- FIGS. 11 to 13 show schematic sectional views, in particular of an embodiment of a catching device according to the invention
- FIG. 14 shows a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of a preparation device according to the invention for preparing a deep-sea object and another exemplary procedure after the recovery of the deep-sea object
- FIGS. 11 to 13 show schematic sectional views, in particular of an embodiment of a catching device according to the invention
- FIG. 14 shows a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of a preparation device according to the invention for preparing a deep-sea object and another exemplary procedure after the recovery of the deep-sea object
- Figure 15 shows a schematic representation of a
- FIG. 1 shows an exemplary representation of a deep-sea device 1 for recovering at least one deep-sea object 13, e.g. in the form of a (preferably vital biological) organism and / or cell material thereof.
- the deep-sea device 1 is designed as an unmanned, torpedo-like deep-sea probe.
- the preferred goal of the deep-sea device 1 is to realize the hitherto unsuccessful transfer of living organisms of the macrofauna from the deep sea, whereby the recovery of vital whole organisms is not the main focus of efforts, although it is sufficient to cultivate living cells on the surface
- suitable pressure-controlled cell culture systems see, for example, Shilito, G. Hamel, C. Duchi D. Cottin, J. Sarrazin, P. M. Sarradin, J. Ravaux, F.
- Gaill Live capture of megafauna from 2300m depth, using a newly designed pressurized recovery device, Deep-Sea Research I 55 (2008) 881-889)) long-term stable, replicable suspension or surface cultures of cells of the trapped organisms can be established in the laboratory.
- the deep-sea device 1 comprises a catching device 14 for receiving and catching at least one deep sea ect 13, and a drive unit 16 for actively driving the deep-sea device 1.
- the deep-sea device 1 is designed and set up to be driven out of the deep sea by means of the drive unit 16 substantially in the direction of lift Ar, ie substantially vertically to a fictitiously flat water surface, towards the water surface (see FIG. 15).
- the deep-sea device 1 has the shape of a torpedo.
- the deep-sea device 1 does not comprise an explosive device and is not used horizontally, as is usual with torpedoes, but in order to be moved substantially in the direction of lift Ar towards the water surface.
- the deep-sea device 1 is formed and arranged to be moved substantially in parallel with the buoyancy direction Ar, toward the water surface, that is, to be moved toward the water surface. such that the longitudinal extension and thus the longitudinal axis La of the deep-sea device 1 is oriented substantially parallel to the buoyancy direction Ar or substantially coincides with the buoyancy direction Ar.
- the deep-sea device 1 has a head end region. At or in the head end region, a NW abwerfbares weight IIa, which is designed as a weight hood, and a buoyancy unit IIb, which is designed as a buoyant body arranged. Before the weight-average IIa is released, the weight-average IIa forms the top end of the deep-sea device 1, while after the drop-off the buoyancy unit IIb forms the head end or at least is positioned as close as possible to the head end.
- the weight of the weight average IIa clearly exceeds the buoyancy of the buoyancy unit IIb. After the watering, the weight-average IIa ensures that the deep-sea device 1 with the weight average IIa falls ahead of the deep-sea bottom or a deep-sea target deep region.
- the deep-sea device 1 further comprises a cylindrical, at least partially hollow main body 12 which has the drive unit 16 indirectly or directly at its rear end and indirectly or directly has the weight-average IIa and / or the buoyancy unit IIb at its head end.
- the deep-sea device 1 and its functional parts are not provided with gas spaces, so that no pressure-resistant containers are required, which is the case, for example. is made possible by cast-in electronics, outdoor compartments, motors, etc., and a pressure-tolerant battery system already in use today.
- the catching device 14 shown in Figure 1 is designed to be in hydraulic communication with the outside, in particular water and thus can be thin-walled, formed as a non-pressure-resistant part.
- Reference character Ah denotes a spacer device which comprises a plurality of stirrups in order to prevent an inlet opening (not shown in FIG. 1) of the catching device 14, through which a deep-sea object 13 can reach the catching device 14, from resting on the deep-sea floor and so on is closed by the deep sea bottom.
- the spacer device Ah is provided in order to avoid damaging the catching device 14 when the deep-sea device 1 strikes the deep-sea floor.
- a plurality, preferably four or more stirrups are provided in a 90 ° offset.
- the drive unit 16 is shown in FIG. 1 as a gas drive system comprising a nozzle and a gas reservoir, which in particular permits high speeds, so that the recovery of a deep sea object 13 from the deep sea within a very short time is possible.
- the high-pressure gas can escape via the nozzle.
- the gas reservoir is, in particular, a liquefied gas reservoir, the gas formation and the propulsion being effected by combustion. It is also possible to provide a plurality of gas containers with the combustion components, mixing chambers and combustion elements (not shown here).
- the deep-sea device 1 further has a plurality, preferably four, side elements 17 in order to stabilize the movement of the deep-sea device 1, in particular during the emergence.
- the side elements 17 are designed in particular as tail fins.
- the attracting and catching of a deep-sea object 13 can take place in various ways. This is once the intake of ambient water, flowing through the catcher 14 and filtering out at least one deep sea object 13 remaining in the catcher 14. For this purpose, for example, a pump system and control electronics is required (not shown in Fig. 1). It is also possible for a deep-sea object 13 to be lured into the catching device 14, for example via a bait in the catching device 14, which has already been introduced into the catching device 14 before the watering.
- the catcher 14 may comprise a detent unit (e.g., sensors, photo-sensors, motion detectors, contact sensors, etc.). If the presence of one or more deep-sea objects 13 is detected, the deep-sea object 13 is caught in the catcher 14, e.g. in that the inlet opening E 0 of the catching device 14 is closed by means of a closure means or the deep-sea object 13 is fixed in the catching device 14.
- a detent unit e.g., sensors, photo-sensors, motion detectors, contact sensors, etc.
- the weighting agent IIa can be discarded.
- the buoyancy now acting on the head end region of the deep sea device 1 by means of the buoyancy unit IIb directs the deep sea device 1 in the buoyancy direction Ar and, optionally, a passive or static emergence can take place.
- the active drive is started by means of the drive unit 16, whereby the deep-sea device 1 is driven substantially parallel to the buoyancy Ar aligned substantially in the buoyancy direction Ar to the water surface at a high speed, eg over 50 km / h.
- the appearance may be supplemented by a control or setting means, the direction corrections allows Verdrift Institute or compensated, thereby appearing in a target region at the upper water ⁇ area can be ensured.
- the deep-sea device 1 shoots out of the water surface and could hit and damage a vehicle on the water surface. If this is to be avoided, the water pressure can be detected, for example, by means of a measuring device, and the speed can be reduced in a defined manner shortly before reaching the water surface. The position detection can also be done via a light measurement.
- ejecting the deep-sea device 1 from the water surface may even be desirable in order to be able to quickly identify the place of emergence. In the case of a small or already fractionated deep sea object 13 in the capture device 14, with the aim of salvaging only vital cells, the impact on the water surface and the associated impact should be easy.
- the deep sea device 1 may include a signaling device to
- the complete catching device 14 or at least one section of the catching device 14 comprising at least one deep-sea object 13 can be removed from the deep-sea device 1 and, for example be treated on the spot, such as frozen (cryopreservation) or brought aboard a ship with laboratories.
- a cell isolation or a transfer tion of cells, tissue parts or even the whole organisms in pressure chambers, etc. are made.
- a special feature of the embodiment shown in Figure 2 is that the catcher 14 is low pressure stable, in particular as a deep pressure stable, thick-walled chamber is formed. While the capture device 14 of FIG. 1 is aimed more at the recovery of living cells and non-vital organisms, the rescue device 14 of FIG. 2 can be used to rescue living cells as well as vital organisms.
- the drive unit 16 is formed as a battery, an electric motor and a drive part comprehensive electric drive.
- the drive member may be formed as a propeller or screw, for the compensation of a torque preferably as a counter-rotating Doppelschraubsystem.
- the catching devices 14 shown in Figures 1 and 2 are removably and removably attached to the main body 12 with a quick release fastener, allowing for multiple use. After surfacing, therefore, the catcher 14 with the recorded Tiefseeobj ect 13 can be quickly removed and is handy for further use of the Tiefseeobj ect 13. The removal of the catcher 14 takes place in the area A-B (see Figure 2).
- FIG. 3 shows a deep-water device 1 shown in more detail. A cut has been made at the position A, so that the rear part of the deep-sea device 1 is shown below the front part of the deep-sea device 1. In fact, both form a linear unit.
- the ejection mechanism 211 may be, for example, a small detonator, which ejects the weight average IIa in the depth of the sea, or be a spring mechanism, which is triggered, for example, electro-mechanically and throws the weight average IIa.
- the buoyancy unit IIb which raises the deep sea device 1 to the water surface after the release of the weight average IIb and optionally can ensure a static emergence of the deep sea device 1.
- the buoyancy unit IIb can be a glass hollow ball system or a glass hollow ball cement mixture with buoyancy properties.
- sensors and signal elements 213, which are used in particular during the emergence process. These can be pressure or light sensors or even acoustic sensors such as directional microphones. It is possible that a guide beam is preferably generated acoustically from the water surface, which allows the direction of movement of the deep-sea device 1 to be controlled and the deep-sea device 1 to be directed into a target region on the water surface.
- a stereo or quadrupole acoustic directional receiving system is preferably installed on or in the head end region of the deep sea device 1. By means of differential measurements of the signals, it is possible to permanently determine the deviation from the directional beam and to change the direction of movement of the deep-sea device 1 via control rudder elements 220 and 221 at the stern of the deep-sea device 1.
- the deep sea device 1 further comprises a space 214, in which required electronics eg for the sensor, the Abschmechanismus, the control of the capture device 14, etc. is located. This is poured gas-free and must therefore not be pressure-resistant.
- the individual functional parts, in particular the catching device 14 and parts of the drive unit 16 are accommodated in the main body 12, which in FIG.
- the main body 12 may be e.g. a metal, plastic or ceramic construction.
- the main body 12 is provided with openings (not shown) so that the internal pressure always follows the external pressure.
- the catching device 14 comprises a chamber 24 in which at least one deep-sea object 13 can be received and, in particular, caught.
- the catcher 14 In the case of transport of the deep sea object 13 while maintaining the pressure of the Tiefseeobj ekt- receiving area, the catcher 14 is pressure-stable and therefore designed thick-walled. Suitable dimensions are preferably at a diameter of a few centimeters to a meter or even beyond.
- the catcher 14 and the chamber 24 have an inlet opening Eö, which is closable with a closure member 22 (eg a door, flap, sliding element, etc.), which also withstands the pressure conditions in the deep sea and the emergence and can be actively closed, eg when a detection unit has detected a captured deep sea object 13.
- a closure member 22 eg a door, flap, sliding element, etc.
- the attractant 222 may be a bait, an acoustic or an optical signal transmitter, the example Flashes of light or sounds emitted by deep-sea objects 13 themselves are used for catching.
- deep water 13 may be sucked in and out through the inlet opening E 0 by means of a pumping system comprising a pump 29 and a pipe 27 until at least one deep-sea object 13 is received in the catcher 14, in particular on a preferably plate-shaped one Screen or filter element 26 comes to rest.
- the sieve element 26 has water passages that allow the liquid flow through, a sucked Tiefseeobj ect 13 but does not pass.
- the locking unit (for example, sensor, light barrier, touch sensor, etc.) can be used to determine whether a deep-sea object 13 has been picked up. Depending on this, the inlet opening Eö can be closed by means of the closure part 22.
- the deep-sea device 1 shown in FIG. 3 further comprises a preparation device for at least one recorded deep-sea object 13.
- the preparation device comprises a fixing and / or disassembling element 25 for fixing and / or disassembling at least one deep-sea object 13.
- the fixing and / or disassembling element 25 is movable in the direction of the sifting element 26, which additionally or alternatively also serves as a fixing and fixing device / or disassembly can be ⁇ leads.
- a detailed description of the function and mode of action thereof is performed with reference to Figu ⁇ ren 4 and 5.
- the deep-sea device 1 shown in FIG. 3 further comprises a space 215, which drives control electronics for the pump 29. and additionally or alternatively, additional loads, measuring module (s), sampling systems, etc. Also, the space 215 is in direct contact with the outside area and thus follows the external pressure.
- the deep-sea device 1 further comprises a space 216 in which a battery system is accommodated.
- a battery system is accommodated.
- This is preferably a gas-free, film-like incompressible stacking system or another suitable battery form, as it already finds application in deep-sea vehicles.
- the drive unit 16 shown in FIG. 3 comprises a deep-sea electric motor 217 and a screw system 218 that can be driven by the electric motor 217.
- a screw system 218 that can be driven by the electric motor 217.
- counter-rotating twin screw systems are generally used.
- Figures 4 and 5 show two embodiments for the catcher 14.
- Figure 4 shows an embodiment in which the pressure of the deep sea ekt receiving area can be maintained or controlled
- Figure 5 shows an embodiment in which the pressure in the catcher 14 follows the outside pressure.
- the embodiment of Figure 4 is used to maintain the pressure and, preferably, the temperature conditions to emergence and Bergen, as they prevailed at Tiefseeobj ekt recording area, especially with the aim of transfer, especially living marine organisms.
- the deep-sea device 1 according to FIG. 4 can comprise a pressure and preferably also a tempering device.
- the embodiment according to FIG. 5 serves, in particular, for the of vital cells from the tissues with loss of vitality of the deep-sea organism.
- the capture device 14 includes a preparation device to facilitate a pre-preparation of at least one deep sea object 13, e.g. a preparation for a targeted isolation of vital cells
- the catching device 14 comprises in both embodiments, the fixing and / or shredding element 25 (hereinafter referred to as fixing) to fix at least one Tiefseeobj ect 13 and / or disassemble.
- fixing the fixing and / or shredding element 25 to fix at least one Tiefseeobj ect 13 and / or disassemble.
- a preparation of the deep sea object 13 is required in particular, since the probability of being able to isolate living, viable cells decreases dramatically beginning with the time of capture.
- the preparation device and an associated preparation method will now be explained in more detail in the embodiment according to FIG.
- Arrived in the deep sea the inlet opening Eö of the catching device 14 can be opened by opening the closure means 22, for example via a mechanism 34 shown in a greatly simplified manner.
- the deep-sea device 1 is left into the deep sea with the inlet opening Eö open.
- a deep sea object 13 e.g., a deep-sea macro-regulator
- the dotted arrows represent the direction of flow of the deep-sea water.
- the suction takes place by means of the pumping system comprising the pump 29 and the pipe 27, 28, wherein the upstream of the pump 29 pipe 27 and / or the pump 29 downstream pipe 28th may have a valve to a return flow or passive outflow, for example during the thawing of the deep-sea device 1.
- sucking the deep sea object 13 is applied against the screen element 26, while deep sea water and small particles (millimeter and Submillimeter Scheme) pass through the spaces in the screen element 26.
- the inlet opening EOE is located between the fixing member 25 and the screen element 26.
- the fixing element 25 is formed mechanism 310 via a guide mechanism 39, cane fell to herein as primary, axial be ⁇ wegbar toward screen element 25 for example by means of a preferably spring-loaded Vorspannmecha-. This usually happens quickly (within a few seconds).
- the fixing element 25 and the sieve 26 have fixing and / or cut parts 44, 45 (for example, cutting, piercing means such as nailing, arrow or pin-shaped parts), which are formed corres ⁇ ingly to each other and arranged at ⁇ least one Tiefseeobj ekt 13 to fix a sandwich, eg by means of penetration, and / or by cutting.
- the deep sea object 13 is pressed against the sieve element 26 and disassembled into a smaller volume, in which first processes of the preparation can be started.
- a deep sea object fixing unit is provided which, by means of a connection device 312, preferably together with at least one recorded deep sea object 13 of the
- Deep sea device 1 and the remaining catcher 14 can be removed.
- the connector 312 may be e.g. a pressure-tight screw or other mechanism.
- the deep-sea obj ect fixing unit is usually opened or removed on the surface, aboard a ship or in the laboratory, and permits the rapid further processing of the deep-sea object 13 in the desired manner.
- the catcher 14 is not formed pressure resistant and can therefore be made thin-walled.
- the catching device 14 can thus comprise, in addition to the inlet opening Eö, further openings 316 through which water can flow in and out and a pressure equalization takes place.
- the dotted in Figure 5 arrows represent potential flow directions of the deep sea water.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 the fixing element 25 and the sieve element 26 are shown enlarged relative to the previous figures.
- the fixing element 25 and the sieve element 26 are not yet in engagement with each other and the deep-sea object 13 is still intact.
- the fixing member 25 and the screen member 26 are engaged with each other and the Tiefseeobj ect 13 is sandwiched between the fixing member 25 and the screen member 26 and penetrated, disassembled and is prepared for the isolation of vital cells after salvage.
- the sieve element 26 comprises passages 46, which between the
- Fixing parts 45 are arranged and can pass through the water, e.g. when the fixing member 25 is moved toward the screen member 26.
- the fixing element 25 comprises fixing parts 44, which are designed and arranged to fit in and to close the passages 46 of the screening element 26 when the fixing element 25 is in engagement with the screening element 26, whereby the gap between the fixing element 25 and the screening element 26 and a captured deep sea object 13 is isolated from ambient water.
- the catching device 14 can comprise containers 47 for active agents for the deep-ocean object 13.
- containers 47 for active agents for the deep-ocean object 13 can be arranged in intermediate spaces of the fixing member 25 sealed with thin films volumes 47, in which, for example, an enzyme solution for dissolution of the tissue network and / or a ryoprotektivum for maintaining the vitality of cells during and after freezing befin ⁇ det.
- the containers 47 may be supplementary or alternate Tiv are also provided on the screen element 26 or other suitable location.
- the preparation process in particular the tissue isolation, is favorably activated already at the capture site. This is done by the Tiefseeobj ect 13 is fixed and broken down into small pieces of tissue, and by opening the containers 47 by means of the fixing members 45 of the sifting 26, so that the contents of the containers 47 can pour into the tissue. Further, the fixing members 44 of the fixing member 25 close the passages 46 of the screen member 26 tight, so that no water penetrates to the Tiefseeobj ect 13 and the effect of the active agent, in particular the concentration of the solution to dissolve the tissue association or to prepare the cryopreservation remains almost constant.
- Figures 8 to 10 illustrate the timing of the fixation, dissection and preparation of a Wegmanj ect 13. This process can be done very quickly, e.g. in the range of a second or less. The speed can e.g. be controlled via the bias of the biasing mechanism 310.
- FIGS. 8 to 10 once again show a thick-walled, pressure-resistant catching device 14. Shown in particular is again the process of fixing and dismantling a Wegmanj ect 13, which can be supplemented at the same time and / or subsequently by the release of active agent. After fixation of the deep-ocean object 13, valves arranged in the pipeline 27, 28 are closed so that the pressure for the deep-sea object 13 received in the capture device 14 is maintained. If a deep sea object 13 is to be captured but not killed and the tissue prepared, the function of decomposition can be omitted.
- FIG. 11 again shows the catching device 14 arranged in the deep-sea device 1, wherein the fixing element 25 and the screen element 26 are brought into engagement and a deep-sea object 13 is fixed therebetween and disassembled.
- the catcher 14 can be removed in modules, in parts or completely at the points A and B (for example, snap-offs).
- Essential for the recovery of vital material is the shortest possible period between capture and an optional fixation / disassembly and further processing, e.g. in the laboratory aboard a ship. Therefore, the removal of the catcher 14 and from this the actual Tiefseeobj ekt fixing unit (see Figure 13), which in particular includes the screen element 26 and the fixing member 25 plays an important role.
- FIG. 12 shows the extracted catcher 14, while FIG. 13 shows the extracted deep-sea object fixing unit as it passes directly into the laboratory for further processing.
- Embodiments are also possible in which only one deep sea object fixing unit can be removed from the deep sea device 1, the remaining parts of the catching device remaining on or in the deep sea device 1.
- the deep-sea device 1 requires 6 minutes to emerge at a speed of, for example, 60 km / h until it reaches the water surface. In this time, and it is just about the usual period for the action of enzymes to dissolve the tissue association or the penetration of cryoprotectants into the cells, the released used substances for pre-preparation. When Leitstrahl- led emergence of the deep sea device 1 salvage within 5 to 10 minutes is possible.
- the removal of the complete capture device 14 or the Tiefseeobj ekt- fixation unit and their transfer, for example, to the laboratory can further approx. Take 5 minutes.
- printing systems and further isolation containers can be used to produce cell cultures capable of proliferation or more fluid
- Figure 14 shows an exemplary further procedure of tissue / cell processing after salvage.
- the extracted deep-sea object fixing unit is opened in the laboratory by separating the fixing member 25 and the screen member 26 from each other. Thereupon, fractionated and optionally pre-prepared tissue parts 75 of the deep-sea object 13 can be removed from the screening element 26 and further processed. Shown are two ways: Once the freezing example in plastic tubes 76, especially if previously antifreeze (eg DMSO, glycerol) were added, on the other hand, the generation of a primary cell culture 78 via addition of enzyme and nutrient solutions in suitable vessels 77 and their passage, to vermeh ⁇ approximately 710 cells capable of stable growth in culture.
- previously antifreeze eg DMSO, glycerol
- the procedure is preferably implemented so that the pressure and / or Temperature conditions of the deep sea are adjustable. At least the phases should be carried out from 75 to 77 to 79 under deep sea conditions. If this is not possible or necessary (eg after salvage without pressure chamber), deep-sea conditions (eg pressure, temperature) must be established as soon as possible after the cell insulation.
- deep-sea conditions eg pressure, temperature
- Corresponding systems are known and have already been tested (see B. Shillito, G. Hamel, C. Duchi D. Cottin, J. Sarrazin, P. M. Sarradin, J. Ravaux, F. Gaill, Live Capture of Megafauna 2300m depth, using a newly designed pressurized recovery device, Deep Sea Research I 55 (2008) 881-889).
- FIG. 15 shows an embodiment of a deployment procedure of the deep-sea device 1 for recovering at least one deep-sea object 13 (in particular of vital deep-sea organisms).
- the deep-sea device 1 is launched from aboard a ship 84. Due to the weight part IIa of the deep-sea device 1, the deep-sea device 1 with the weight part IIa sinks toward the deep-sea floor 82 and directs the drive unit 16 toward the water surface. The deep-sea device 1 should sink down to the deep-sea floor 82, whereby it can be caught and salvaged at any depth above the deep-sea floor 82 even without ground contact.
- Section a) indicates a passive sinking of the deep sea device 1. There is usually no hurry in this phase.
- Section b) indicates the arrival of the deep-sea device 1 on the deep-sea bottom 82, where the deep-sea device 1 assumes a mostly substantially horizontal position as a function of the surface contour of the deep-sea bottom 82.
- the spacer device Ah prevents the inlet opening Eö the catcher 14 is closed by the deep sea floor 82.
- At least one deep-sea object 13 ' enters the catching device 14. If this has been done and detected by means of a locking unit, the catching device 14 is closed and, as an alternative or in addition, the fixing, cutting and / or active agent addition started.
- the weight average IIa is dropped and the deep sea device 1 is raised by means of the buoyancy unit IIb so that the buoyancy unit IIa or the head end of the deep sea device 1 points to the water surface and the drive unit 16 to the deep sea floor 82 shows (phase e)).
- the deep-sea device 1 or its longitudinal axis La is oriented substantially parallel to the buoyancy direction Ar and thus substantially perpendicular to a fictitiously flat water surface F.
- the drive When erect, the drive can be done by means of the drive unit 16 and thus the emergence (section f)).
- the deep-sea device 1 is aligned on the way out of the deep sea to the water surface substantially perpendicular to the fictitiously flat water surface F and is propelled substantially in the buoyancy Ar.
- the deep-sea device 1 is propelled on the way out of the deep sea to the water surface in sections deviating from the buoyancy direction Ar, for example to ensure emergence in a certain target region on the water surface.
- the deep-sea device 1 is designed and set up to follow either only the buoyancy Ar or a beacon, or comprises a sensor device for detecting its position and / or orientation. In this case, the direction of movement of the deep-sea device 1 can be corrected via the controls at the rear.
- Section h shows, by way of example, how the deep-sea device 1 can be salvaged, although this can also be done with a dinghy or other systems.
- the deep-sea object 13 is further processed in the manner already described (section k)).
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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KR1020137021070A KR20140043325A (ko) | 2011-01-14 | 2011-11-07 | 심해 대상물을 회수하기 위한 심해 장치 및 그의 회수 방법 |
US13/979,771 US9180946B2 (en) | 2011-01-14 | 2011-11-07 | Deep-sea device for recovering at least one deep-sea object |
JP2013548745A JP5789674B2 (ja) | 2011-01-14 | 2011-11-07 | 少なくとも一の深海対象物を回収する深海装置 |
EP11782384.9A EP2663487A1 (de) | 2011-01-14 | 2011-11-07 | Tiefseevorrichtung zur bergung zumindest eines tiefseeobjekts |
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DEDE102011008558 | 2011-01-14 | ||
DE102011008558A DE102011008558A1 (de) | 2011-01-14 | 2011-01-14 | Tiefseevorrichtung zur Bergung zumindest eines Tiefseeobjekts |
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JP (1) | JP5789674B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR20140043325A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102011008558A1 (de) |
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US9630686B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2017-04-25 | Hadal, Inc. | Systems and methods for pressure tolerant energy systems |
CN107044917A (zh) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-08-15 | 国家深海基地管理中心 | 万米级深海自主式底质探取装置 |
CN110104145A (zh) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-08-09 | 浙江大学滨海产业技术研究院 | 一种水下机器人 |
CN110116794A (zh) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-13 | 浙江天煌科技实业有限公司 | 可供水质监测的mini水下机器人以及水样采集方法 |
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DE102011008558A1 (de) * | 2011-01-14 | 2012-07-19 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Tiefseevorrichtung zur Bergung zumindest eines Tiefseeobjekts |
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CN113703373A (zh) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-11-26 | 杭州瀚陆海洋科技有限公司 | 一种深海智能着陆器组网的数据存储和读取方法 |
CN113703373B (zh) * | 2021-09-06 | 2022-10-14 | 杭州瀚陆信息技术有限公司 | 一种深海智能着陆器组网的数据存储和读取方法 |
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EP2663487A1 (de) | 2013-11-20 |
US9180946B2 (en) | 2015-11-10 |
KR20140043325A (ko) | 2014-04-09 |
JP2014509282A (ja) | 2014-04-17 |
DE102011008558A1 (de) | 2012-07-19 |
JP5789674B2 (ja) | 2015-10-07 |
US20130305975A1 (en) | 2013-11-21 |
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