WO2012094899A1 - 一种蓄电池充电控制方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种蓄电池充电控制方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012094899A1
WO2012094899A1 PCT/CN2011/079110 CN2011079110W WO2012094899A1 WO 2012094899 A1 WO2012094899 A1 WO 2012094899A1 CN 2011079110 W CN2011079110 W CN 2011079110W WO 2012094899 A1 WO2012094899 A1 WO 2012094899A1
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Prior art keywords
battery
charging current
factor
preset
charging
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PCT/CN2011/079110
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
滕凌巧
刘明明
孟燕妮
周保航
韦树旺
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Application filed by 中兴通讯股份有限公司 filed Critical 中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority to PL11855805T priority Critical patent/PL2654118T3/pl
Priority to ES11855805.5T priority patent/ES2671892T3/es
Priority to EP11855805.5A priority patent/EP2654118B1/en
Priority to US13/979,379 priority patent/US9225186B2/en
Publication of WO2012094899A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012094899A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/443—Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
    • H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
    • H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
    • H02J7/007194—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature of the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, and in particular, to a battery charging control method and apparatus. Background technique
  • the main power supply system is powered normally, the battery is in a floating state, and the charging current is small, which is only used to maintain the power supply constant;
  • the main power supply system stops supplying power and the battery is discharged to provide the required power for the load;
  • the main power supply system restores the power supply, and supplies the power required by the load, and simultaneously charges the battery.
  • the battery is in a constant current charging phase, which is a critical stage in the battery charging management;
  • the battery charging current gradually decreases, and the battery voltage continuously rises.
  • the battery enters a constant voltage charging phase
  • the battery capacity is close to saturation, the charging current decreases and gradually approaches zero, and the battery enters the maintenance charging phase, also called the absorption phase;
  • a small-capacity generator is usually used to generate electricity. If the generator is started, the current is still in accordance with the current when the AC power is supplied. Charging, as well as powering the load, may cause the generator to start frequently due to insufficient load capacity, which in turn affects battery life. For example, in the event of frequent power outages in AC mains, the battery may be deeply discharged. If large currents cannot be charged quickly, the battery may be in a state of full charge, which may seriously affect the service life of the battery over time. At the same time, the battery capacity of long-term use will gradually decrease. If the battery charging current is improperly reduced, it may cause the battery to overcharge.
  • the existing battery charging management method adopts the method of constant current and constant voltage to supplement the capacity lost by the battery, and cannot dynamically adjust according to the scene used by the device, and inevitably, the battery charging current is too large or too small, and further Affect the service life of the battery. Summary of the invention
  • the invention provides a battery charging method and device, which can perform adaptive charging management according to an application scenario, improve environmental adaptability of battery charging, thereby prolonging battery life and saving cost.
  • a battery charging control method comprising:
  • the battery temperature is monitored in real time, and a corresponding dynamic factor is obtained based on the battery temperature, wherein the dynamic factor is used to characterize the dynamic adjustment portion of the charging current coefficient during the charging process;
  • the battery is charged and controlled according to the maximum allowable charging current.
  • the method before the charging of the battery, the method further comprises: Each static factor is preset based on the battery and the power supply system of the battery.
  • the power supply system based on the battery and the battery presets each static factor, including:
  • the real-time monitoring of the battery temperature, and obtaining a corresponding dynamic factor based on the battery temperature includes:
  • a difference between the preset battery reference temperature and the current battery temperature is calculated, and the difference is multiplied by a preset coefficient to obtain a dynamic factor.
  • the calculating the maximum allowable charging current based on the dynamic factor and the preset static factors including:
  • the product of the charging current coefficient and the nominal capacity of the battery is calculated, and the calculation result is taken as the maximum allowable charging current.
  • the calculating the sum of the dynamic factor and each static factor, and obtaining the charging current coefficient based on the calculation result includes:
  • the pre- The charging current coefficient minimum value is set as the charging current coefficient, and when it is determined that the calculation result is greater than the preset charging current coefficient maximum value, the preset charging current coefficient maximum value is used as the charging current coefficient.
  • the present invention provides a battery charging control device, the device comprising: a first processing unit, a second processing unit, and a third processing unit;
  • a first processing unit configured to monitor a battery temperature in real time when the battery is charged, and obtain a corresponding dynamic factor based on the battery temperature, wherein the dynamic factor is used to represent a dynamic adjustment portion of a charging current coefficient during charging;
  • a second processing unit configured to calculate a maximum allowable charging current based on the dynamic factor and each preset static factor, where each static factor is used to represent a fixed portion of a charging current coefficient during charging;
  • a third processing unit configured to perform charging control on the battery according to the maximum allowable charging current.
  • the first processing unit presets each static factor based on the battery and the power supply system of the battery before the battery is charged.
  • the first processing unit is specifically configured to monitor the battery temperature in real time and acquire a current battery temperature; calculate a difference between a preset battery reference temperature and the current battery temperature, and multiply the difference by a pre- Set the coefficient to get the dynamic factor.
  • the second processing unit is specifically configured to calculate a sum of the dynamic factor and each static factor, obtain a charging current coefficient based on the calculation result, calculate a product of the charging current coefficient and a battery nominal capacity, and use the calculation result as a maximum allowable recharging current.
  • the second processing unit is further configured to determine whether the calculation result is greater than or equal to a preset minimum value of the charging current coefficient, and is less than or equal to a preset maximum value of the charging current coefficient; if yes, using the calculation result as the charging current coefficient; Otherwise, when it is determined that the calculation result is less than a preset minimum value of the charging current coefficient, the preset charging current coefficient minimum value is used as the charging current system And determining, when the calculation result is greater than a preset maximum value of the charging current coefficient, using the preset maximum value of the charging current coefficient as the charging current coefficient.
  • the battery temperature is monitored in real time, and the corresponding dynamic factor is obtained based on the battery temperature, and the dynamic factor and the preset static factors are combined to calculate the maximum allowable charging current, thereby
  • the maximum allowable charging current can be dynamically adjusted according to changes in the environment, and the battery is charged and controlled according to the maximum allowable charging current. Therefore, the adaptive charging management can be performed according to the application scenario, thereby effectively avoiding the situation that the charging current of the battery is too large or too small, thereby improving the environmental adaptability of the battery charging, thereby prolonging the service life of the battery and saving the cost.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing changes in current and voltage during charging of a conventional battery
  • FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a battery charging control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a battery charging control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing changes in current and voltage during charging of the battery of the present invention. detailed description
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a battery charging management method and device, which can perform adaptive charging management according to the application scenario, and improve the environmental adaptability of the battery charging. , thereby extending battery life and saving costs.
  • the method is: when the battery is charged, the battery temperature is monitored in real time, and a corresponding dynamic factor is obtained based on the battery temperature, the dynamic factor is used to characterize the dynamic adjustment part of the charging current coefficient during the charging process, based on the dynamic factor and the preset each
  • the static factor calculates the maximum allowable charging current.
  • the above static factors are used to characterize the fixed part of the charging current coefficient during charging, and the battery is charged according to the maximum allowable charging current.
  • the battery charging control device mainly includes the following processing units: a first processing unit 201, a second processing unit 202, and a third processing unit 203;
  • the first processing unit 201 is configured to monitor the battery temperature in real time when the battery is charged, and obtain a corresponding dynamic factor based on the battery temperature, where the dynamic factor is used to characterize the dynamic adjustment portion of the charging current coefficient during the charging process;
  • the second processing unit 202 is configured to calculate a maximum allowable charging current based on the dynamic factor and the preset static factors, where each of the static factors is used to represent a fixed portion of the charging current coefficient during the charging process;
  • the third processing unit 203 is configured to perform charging control on the battery according to the maximum allowable charging current.
  • Step 301 When the battery is charged, the battery temperature is monitored in real time, and a corresponding dynamic factor is obtained based on the battery temperature, and the dynamic factor is used to characterize the dynamic adjustment portion of the charging current coefficient during the charging process.
  • each static factor is preset based on the battery and the power supply system of the battery, and each of the above static factors does not change during one charging. Specifically: setting a static factor Cr according to the charging coefficient of the battery calibration; setting a static factor Cg according to the power of the backup energy of the power supply system; counting power supply stability data of the main power supply system, and setting a static factor Ck according to the power supply stability data
  • the static capacity of the battery is obtained statistically, and the static factor Cm is set according to the static capacity.
  • the static factor Cr generally adopts the charging coefficient determined by the battery manufacturer's trademark
  • the static factor Cg is determined by the power of the backup energy source, and when the power of the backup energy source is large, the Cg can be increased within the set range
  • the static factor Ck is based on The stability setting of the main power supply system, That is, the static factor Ck is set according to the power supply stability data obtained by the statistics. For example, the static factor Ck is set according to the power failure frequency of the main power supply system and the duration of each power failure, that is, the power supply stability is obtained by counting the power failure frequency or each power failure time.
  • the static factor Cm reflects the battery capacity. When the battery capacity is small, Cm can be reduced within the set range to prevent overcharging.
  • the power can be set according to the power of the backup energy.
  • the backup energy source is a generator
  • the static factor Cg is set according to the power of the generator
  • Power supply stability data and when the static factor Ck is set according to the power supply stability data, if the power supply stability data obtained by the statistics is poorly determined according to the statistically obtained power supply stability data within a preset time period, the power supply stability is automatically increased.
  • the static factor Ck if the power supply stability data is obtained according to the statistics, the power supply stability of the main power supply system is improved, and the static factor Ck is automatically reduced.
  • the automatic power supply system may automatically Increase the static factor Ck; statistically obtain the static capacity of the battery, and set the static factor Cm according to the static capacity, you can count the number of times the battery is charged and discharged or the time of use.
  • the static factor Cm is reduced by the set value. For example, whenever the number of charge and discharge times of the battery is increased 500 times When the static factor Cm is reduced by the set value.
  • the battery temperature is monitored in real time, and the corresponding dynamic factor is obtained based on the battery temperature, specifically: monitoring the battery temperature in real time, obtaining the current battery temperature, and calculating the difference between the preset battery reference temperature and the current battery temperature, The difference is multiplied by a preset coefficient to obtain a dynamic factor.
  • the dynamic factor is the change part of the charging current coefficient during one charging process.
  • the value of the dynamic factor is adjusted in real time according to the relationship between the battery temperature and the dynamic factor obtained by the battery.
  • the battery temperature is high, the capacity of the battery is reduced, and the charging current needs to be reduced, that is, by reducing the dynamic factor, and when the battery temperature is low, As the battery capacity increases, it is necessary to increase the charging current, that is, by increasing the dynamic factor.
  • the obtained dynamic factor when the current battery temperature is equal to the preset reference temperature, the obtained dynamic factor is zero, and when the current battery temperature is greater than the preset reference temperature, the obtained dynamic factor is a negative value, and the current battery temperature is d. At the preset reference temperature, the obtained dynamic factor is positive.
  • Step 302 Calculate a maximum allowable charging current based on the dynamic factor and the preset static factors, and each of the static factors described above is used to characterize a fixed portion of the charging current coefficient during charging.
  • Calculating the maximum allowable charging current based on the dynamic factor and the preset static factors specifically: calculating the sum of the dynamic factor and each static factor, obtaining a charging current coefficient based on the calculation result, and calculating a charging current coefficient and a battery nominal capacity.
  • the product is used as the maximum allowable charging current.
  • calculating the sum of the dynamic factor and each static factor, and obtaining a charging current coefficient based on the calculation result specifically: determining whether the calculation result is greater than or equal to a preset minimum value of the charging current coefficient, and being less than or equal to a preset maximum value of the charging current coefficient If yes, the calculation result is taken as the above charging current coefficient; otherwise, when it is determined that the calculation result is less than the preset minimum value of the charging current coefficient, the minimum value of the preset charging current coefficient is used as the charging current coefficient, and the calculation result is determined. When the maximum value of the charging current coefficient is greater than the preset maximum value, the preset charging current coefficient is used as the charging current coefficient.
  • Step 303 Perform charging control on the battery according to the maximum allowable charging current. Charging the battery means that the charging current does not exceed the maximum allowable charging current. When the battery voltage reaches the preset target voltage value, the charging process ends.
  • the battery charging control method of the embodiment of the present invention will be exemplified below.
  • the power supply uses a 200AH battery as a backup power source, and the battery is used for 5 years.
  • each static is preset based on the power supply system of the battery and the battery respectively.
  • Factors Cr, Cg, Ck and Cm according to the charging factor provided by the battery manufacturer, set Cr to 0.15;
  • the charging current is too large and the generator starts frequently.
  • Set Cg to negative 0.01; According to historical statistics, the main power supply system often loses power.
  • the power failure frequency set Ck to 0.05; the battery is used for 5 years, and Cm is set to minus 0.01. Then, during the charging process of the battery, the temperature of the battery is sampled in real time, the battery temperature continues to rise, and the dynamic factor is adjusted once every 2 degrees Celsius is set.
  • the battery temperature is 15 degrees Celsius, the dynamic factor is 0.01, and the charging current coefficient is 0.19; at time t21, the battery temperature is 21 degrees Celsius, the dynamic factor is 0.004, and the corresponding charging current coefficient is 0.184; The battery temperature is 25 degrees Celsius, the dynamic factor is zero, and the corresponding charging current coefficient is 0.18; at time t23, the battery temperature is 30 degrees Celsius, the dynamic factor is minus 0.005, and the corresponding charging current coefficient is 0.175. Finally, the maximum allowable charging current at each moment is obtained, and the battery is charged and controlled based on the maximum allowable charging current.
  • each static factor is preset based on the battery and the power supply system of the battery.
  • the battery temperature is monitored in real time, and the dynamic factor is adjusted in real time according to the current battery temperature, based on
  • Each static factor and dynamic factor calculates the maximum allowable charging current, and the battery is charged and controlled according to the maximum allowable charging current. Therefore, the charging current caused by constant current charging for various application scenarios is effectively avoided, and the charging management can be adaptively performed according to the application scenario, thereby improving the environmental adaptability of the battery charging, thereby prolonging the use of the battery. Life, cost savings.
  • the corresponding dynamic factor is obtained based on the battery temperature, and the maximum allowable charging current is calculated by combining the dynamic factor with the preset static factors, so that the maximum allowable charging current can be dynamically adjusted according to the change of the environment, and then according to the maximum The charging current is allowed to charge the battery. Therefore, adaptive charging management can be performed according to the application scenario, effectively avoiding If the battery charging current is too large or too small, the environmental adaptability of the battery charging can be improved, thereby prolonging the service life of the battery and saving the cost.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Description

一种蓄电池充电控制方法及装置 技术领域
本发明涉及电学领域， 尤其涉及一种蓄电池充电控制方法及装置。 背景技术
近年来， 随着原材料成本的不断上涨， 对蓄电池的投资在设备总投资 中所占的比例不断提高， 科学对蓄电池进行充放电管理， 有效地延长蓄电 池的使用寿命， 越来越受到人们的关注。 而蓄电池充电管理方法的优劣对 于有效保持蓄电池容量， 以及延长蓄电池使用寿命至关重要。 现有充电管 理方法中， 蓄电池充电过程中蓄电池电流、 电压的变化曲线如图 1 所示， 主要分为以下几个阶段：
tO-tl 时间段， 主供电系统供电正常， 蓄电池处于浮充状态， 充电电流 很小， 仅用于维持电源恒定；
tl-t2 时间段， 主供电系统停止供电， 蓄电池放电， 以提供负载所需的 电能；
t2-t3 时间段， 主供电系统恢复供电， 并提供负载所需的电能， 同时给 蓄电池充电， 蓄电池处于恒定电流充电阶段， 此为蓄电池充电管理中的关 键阶段；
t3-t4时间段， 随着蓄电池容量的逐渐恢复， 蓄电池充电电流逐渐减小， 蓄电池电压不断上升， 在达到预设的目标电压值时， 蓄电池进入恒定电压 充电阶段；
t4-t5 时间段， 蓄电池容量接近饱和， 充电电流减小并逐渐接近零， 蓄 电池进入维持充电阶段， 也称吸收阶段；
t5 时刻以后， 蓄电池充电结束， 充电电流接近零值， 蓄电池恢复浮充 电压， 处于浮充状态。
实际应用中， 设备使用的场景不同， 例如， 偏远地区通讯基站采用的 应急供电解决方案中， 通常使用小容量的发电机发电， 如果在发电机启动 时， 仍按照交流电网供电时的电流为蓄电池充电， 以及为负载供电， 则可 能由于带载能力不足造成发电机频繁启动， 进而影响蓄电池的寿命。 又例 如， 在交流市电频繁停电时， 蓄电池可能会深度放电， 如果不能进行大电 流快速充电， 可能会导致蓄电池始终处于充不饱的状态， 久而久之会严重 影响蓄电池的使用寿命。 同时， 长期使用的蓄电池电池容量会逐渐衰减， 如不恰当地减小蓄电池充电电流， 则又可能导致电池过充。
因此， 现有的蓄电池充电管理方法采用先恒流后恒压的方式补充蓄电 池损失的容量， 不能根据设备使用的场景进行动态调整， 不可避免地存在 蓄电池充电电流过大或过小的情况， 进而影响到蓄电池的使用寿命。 发明内容
本发明提供一种蓄电池充电方法及装置， 能够根据应用场景进行自适 应充电管理， 提高蓄电池充电的环境适应性， 进而延长蓄电池使用寿命， 节约成本。
本发明实施例提供的具体技术方案如下：
一种蓄电池充电控制方法， 该方法包括：
在蓄电池充电时， 实时监测蓄电池温度， 并基于所述蓄电池温度获取 相应的动态因子， 所述动态因子用于表征充电过程中充电电流系数的动态 调整部分；
基于所述动态因子以及预设的各个静态因子， 计算最大允许充电电流， 所述各个静态因子用于表征充电过程中充电电流系数的固定部分；
根据所述最大允许充电电流， 对所述蓄电池进行充电控制。
上述方案中， 在所述蓄电池充电之前， 该方法进一步包括： 基于所述蓄电池以及所述蓄电池的供电系统预设各个静态因子。
上述方案中， 所述基于所述蓄电池以及所述蓄电池的供电系统预设各 个静态因子， 包括：
根据蓄电池标定的充电系数设定静态因子 Cr;
根据供电系统备份能源的功率设定静态因子 Cg;
统计主供电系统的供电稳定性数据， 并根据所述供电稳定性数据设定 静态因子 Ck;
统计获得蓄电池静态容量， 并根据所述静态容量设定静态因子 Cm。 上述方案中， 所述实时监测蓄电池温度， 并基于蓄电池温度获取相应 的动态因子， 包括：
实时监测所述蓄电池温度， 并获取当前蓄电池温度；
计算预设的蓄电池基准温度与所述当前蓄电池温度之间的差值， 将所 述差值乘以预设系数， 获取动态因子。
上述方案中， 所述基于所述动态因子以及预设的各个静态因子， 计算 最大允许充电电流， 包括：
计算所述动态因子和各个静态因子的和， 基于计算结果获取充电电流 系数；
计算所述充电电流系数和蓄电池标称容量的乘积， 将计算结果作为最 大允许充电电流。
上述方案中， 所述计算所述动态因子和各个静态因子的和， 基于计算 结果获取充电电流系数， 包括：
判断计算结果是否大于等于预设的充电电流系数最小值， 并小于等于 预设的充电电流系数最大值；
若是， 将计算结果作为所述充电电流系数；
否则， 在确定计算结果小于预设的充电电流系数最小值时， 将所述预 设的充电电流系数最小值作为所述充电电流系数， 而在确定计算结果大于 预设的充电电流系数最大值时， 将所述预设的充电电流系数最大值作为所 述充电电流系数。
本发明提供的一种蓄电池充电控制装置， 该装置包括： 第一处理单元、 第二处理单元、 第三处理单元； 其中，
第一处理单元， 用于在蓄电池充电时， 实时监测蓄电池温度， 并基于 所述蓄电池温度获取相应的动态因子， 所述动态因子用于表征充电过程中 充电电流系数的动态调整部分；
第二处理单元， 用于基于所述动态因子以及预设的各个静态因子， 计 算最大允许充电电流， 所述各个静态因子用于表征充电过程中充电电流系 数的固定部分；
第三处理单元， 用于根据所述最大允许充电电流， 对所述蓄电池进行 充电控制。
所述第一处理单元在所述蓄电池充电之前， 基于所述蓄电池以及所述 蓄电池的供电系统预设各个静态因子。
所述第一处理单元， 具体用于实时监测所述蓄电池温度， 并获取当前 蓄电池温度； 计算预设的蓄电池基准温度与所述当前蓄电池温度之间的差 值， 将所述差值乘以预设系数， 获取动态因子。
所述第二处理单元， 具体用于计算所述动态因子和各个静态因子的和， 基于计算结果获取充电电流系数； 计算所述充电电流系数和蓄电池标称容 量的乘积， 将计算结果作为最大允许充电电流。
所述第二处理单元， 具体还用于判断计算结果是否大于等于预设的充 电电流系数最小值， 并小于等于预设的充电电流系数最大值； 若是， 将计 算结果作为所述充电电流系数； 否则， 在确定计算结果小于预设的充电电 流系数最小值时， 将所述预设的充电电流系数最小值作为所述充电电流系 数， 而在确定计算结果大于预设的充电电流系数最大值时， 将所述预设的 充电电流系数最大值作为所述充电电流系数。
基于上述技术方案， 本发明实施例中， 在蓄电池充电时， 实时监测蓄 电池温度， 基于蓄电池温度获取相应的动态因子， 将该动态因子和预设的 各个静态因子相结合计算最大允许充电电流， 从而能够根据环境的变化动 态调整最大允许充电电流， 再根据该最大允许充电电流对蓄电池进行充电 控制。 因此， 能够根据应用场景进行自适应充电管理， 有效地避免了蓄电 池充电电流过大或过小的情况， 能够提高蓄电池充电的环境适应性， 进而 延长蓄电池使用寿命， 节约了成本。 附图说明
图 1为现有的蓄电池充电时电流电压变化示意图；
图 2为本发明实施例蓄电池充电控制装置结构图；
图 3为本发明实施例蓄电池充电控制方法流程图；
图 4为本发明蓄电池充电时电流电压变化示意图。 具体实施方式
为了提高蓄电池充电的环境适应性， 进而延长蓄电池使用寿命， 节约 成本， 本发明实施例提供了一种蓄电池充电管理方法及装置， 能够根据应 用场景进行自适应充电管理， 提高蓄电池充电的环境适应性， 进而延长蓄 电池使用寿命， 节约成本。 该方法为： 在蓄电池充电时， 实时监测蓄电池 温度， 并基于蓄电池温度获取相应的动态因子， 该动态因子用于表征充电 过程中充电电流系数的动态调整部分， 基于该动态因子以及预设的各个静 态因子， 计算最大允许充电电流， 上述各个静态因子用于表征充电过程中 充电电流系数的固定部分， 根据最大允许充电电流， 对蓄电池进行充电控 制。 下面结合附图对本发明优选的实施方式进行详细说明。
参阅附图 2所示， 本发明实施例中， 蓄电池充电控制装置主要包括以 下处理单元： 第一处理单元 201、 第二处理单元 202、 第三处理单元 203; 其中，
第一处理单元 201 , 用于在蓄电池充电时， 实时监测蓄电池温度， 并基 于蓄电池温度获取相应的动态因子， 该动态因子用于表征充电过程中充电 电流系数的动态调整部分；
第二处理单元 202, 用于基于动态因子以及预设的各个静态因子， 计算 最大允许充电电流， 上述各个静态因子用于表征充电过程中充电电流系数 的固定部分；
第三处理单元 203 , 用于根据最大允许充电电流，对上述蓄电池进行充 电控制。
基于上述系统架构， 参阅附图 3 所示， 本发明实施例中， 蓄电池充电 控制方法的详细流程如下：
步驟 301: 在蓄电池充电时， 实时监测蓄电池温度， 并基于该蓄电池温 度获取相应的动态因子， 该动态因子用于表征充电过程中充电电流系数的 动态调整部分。
在蓄电池充电之前， 基于蓄电池以及该蓄电池的供电系统预设各个静 态因子， 上述各个静态因子在一次充电过程中不发生变化。 具体为： 根据 蓄电池标定的充电系数设定静态因子 Cr; 根据供电系统备份能源的功率设 定静态因子 Cg; 统计主供电系统的供电稳定性数据， 并根据该供电稳定性 数据设定静态因子 Ck; 统计获得蓄电池静态容量， 并根据该静态容量设定 静态因子 Cm。 其中， 静态因子 Cr一般采用蓄电池生产厂商标定的充电系 数； 静态因子 Cg是由备份能源的功率决定， 在备份能源的功率较大时， 可 在设定范围内增大 Cg; 静态因子 Ck为根据主供电系统的稳定情况设定， 即根据统计获得的供电稳定性数据设定静态因子 Ck, 例如， 根据主供电系 统的停电频率和每次停电的时长设定静态因子 Ck, 即通过统计停电频率或 每次停电时长获得供电稳定性数据， 若停电频率高或每次停电时间较长， 则获得供电稳定性数据较大， 也表明主供电系统的供电稳定性较差， 则可 在设定范围内增大 Ck, 以加快充电过程； 静态因子 Cm反映蓄电池容量， 在蓄电池容量较小时， 为防止过充可在设定范围内减小 Cm。
较佳地， 根据供电系统备份能源设定静态因子 Cg时， 可以根据备份能 源的功率进行设置， 例如， 在备份能源为发电机时， 根据发电机的功率设 置静态因子 Cg; 统计主供电系统的供电稳定性数据， 并根据该供电稳定性 数据设定静态因子 Ck时， 如果在预设时间段内， 根据统计获得的供电稳定 性数据获知主供电系统的供电稳定性较差， 则自动增大静态因子 Ck, 若根 据统计获得供电稳定性数据获知主供电系统的供电稳定性变好， 则自动减 小静态因子 Ck, 例如， 在预定时间段内， 主供电系统交流电网频繁停电， 则可自动增大静态因子 Ck; 统计获得蓄电池静态容量， 并根据该静态容量 设定静态因子 Cm时， 可以统计蓄电池的充放电次数或者使用时间， 在达 到设定阈值时， 将静态因子 Cm减少设定数值， 例如， 每当统计蓄电池的 充放电次数增加 500次时， 将静态因子 Cm减少设定数值。
其中， 实时监测蓄电池温度， 并基于蓄电池温度获取相应的动态因子， 具体为： 实时监测蓄电池温度， 并获取当前蓄电池温度， 计算预设的蓄电 池基准温度与上述当前蓄电池温度之间的差值， 将该差值乘以预设系数， 获取动态因子。
动态因子为一次充电过程中充电电流系数的变化部分， 在一次充电过 程中随着蓄电池温度的变化， 根据统计获得的蓄电池温度和动态因子的关 系实时调整动态因子的数值。 在蓄电池温度较高时， 蓄电池的容量减小， 需要减小充电电流， 即通过减小动态因子实现， 而在蓄电池温度较低时， 蓄电池容量增大， 需要增加充电电流， 即通过增加动态因子实现。 本发明 实施例中， 在当前蓄电池温度等于预设的基准温度时， 得到的动态因子为 零， 在当前蓄电池温度大于预设的基准温度时， 得到的动态因子为负值， 而在当前蓄电池温度 d、于预设的基准温度时， 得到的动态因子为正值。
步驟 302: 基于上述动态因子以及预设的各个静态因子， 计算最大允许 充电电流， 上述各个静态因子用于表征充电过程中充电电流系数的固定部 分。
基于上述动态因子以及预设的各个静态因子， 计算最大允许充电电流， 具体为： 计算上述动态因子和各个静态因子的和， 基于计算结果获取充电 电流系数， 计算充电电流系数和蓄电池标称容量的乘积， 将计算结果作为 最大允许充电电流。
其中， 计算上述动态因子和各个静态因子的和， 基于计算结果获取充 电电流系数， 具体为： 判断计算结果是否大于等于预设的充电电流系数最 小值， 并小于等于预设的充电电流系数最大值； 若是， 将计算结果作为上 述充电电流系数； 否则， 在确定计算结果小于预设的充电电流系数最小值 时， 将该预设的充电电流系数最小值作为上述充电电流系数， 而在确定计 算结果大于预设的充电电流系数最大值时， 将该预设的充电电流系数最大 值作为上述充电电流系数。
步驟 303: 根据上述最大允许充电电流， 对上述蓄电池进行充电控制。 对蓄电池进行充电控制即是指保证充电电流不超过最大允许充电电 流， 当蓄电池电压达到预设的目标电压值时， 充电过程结束。
以下对本发明实施例的蓄电池充电控制方法进行举例说明。
例如， 以某旅游岛上 300A通信直流电源为例， 该电源使用 200AH蓄 电池作为备用电源， 该蓄电池使用时长 5年。 参阅附图 4所示， 在上述蓄 电池充电时， 首先， 分别基于蓄电池以及蓄电池的供电系统预设各个静态 因子 Cr、 Cg、 Ck和 Cm,根据蓄电池厂家提供的充电系数，设定 Cr为 0.15; 在使用发电机为蓄电池充电时， 为避免发电机启动初期， 充电电流过大而 导致发电机频繁启动， 设置 Cg为负 0.01; 根据历史统计结果， 主供电系统 经常停电， 根据停电频率， 设置 Ck为 0.05; 蓄电池使用时长 5年， 设定 Cm为负 0.01。 然后， 在蓄电池充电过程中， 实时采样蓄电池的温度， 蓄电 池温度持续上升， 设定蓄电池温度变化每超过 2摄氏度， 动态因子调整一 次。 据此可获知 t20时刻， 蓄电池温度为 15摄氏度， 动态因子为 0.01 , 获 得充电电流系数为 0.19; t21时刻， 蓄电池温度为 21摄氏度， 动态因子为 0.004, 相应的充电电流系数为 0.184; t22时刻， 蓄电池温度为 25摄氏度， 动态因子为零， 相应的充电电流系数为 0.18; t23 时刻， 蓄电池温度为 30 摄氏度， 动态因子为负 0.005, 相应的充电电流系数为 0.175。 最后计算获 得各个时刻的最大允许充电电流， 并基于该最大允许充电电流， 对蓄电池 进行充电控制。
基于上述技术方案， 本发明实施例中， 在蓄电池充电之前， 基于蓄电 池以及该蓄电池的供电系统预设各个静态因子， 在充电过程中， 实时监测 蓄电池温度， 根据当前蓄电池温度实时调整动态因子， 基于各个静态因子 和动态因子计算最大允许充电电流， 根据最大允许充电电流对蓄电池进行 充电控制。 从而有效地避免针对各种应用场景采用恒流充电所造成的充电 电流过大或过小的情况， 能够根据应用场景自适应进行充电管理， 提高了 蓄电池充电的环境适应性， 进而延长蓄电池的使用寿命， 节约成本。 工业实用性
本发明的方案， 基于蓄电池温度获取相应的动态因子， 将该动态因子 和预设的各个静态因子相结合计算最大允许充电电流， 从而能够根据环境 的变化动态调整最大允许充电电流， 再根据该最大允许充电电流对蓄电池 进行充电控制。 因此， 能够根据应用场景进行自适应充电管理， 有效地避 免了蓄电池充电电流过大或过小的情况， 能够提高蓄电池充电的环境适应 性， 进而延长蓄电池使用寿命， 节约了成本。
显然， 本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离 本发明的精神和范围。 这样， 倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权 利要求及其等同技术的范围之内， 则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在 内。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种蓄电池充电控制方法， 其特征在于， 该方法包括：
在蓄电池充电时， 实时监测蓄电池温度， 并基于所述蓄电池温度获取 相应的动态因子， 所述动态因子用于表征充电过程中充电电流系数的动态 调整部分；
基于所述动态因子以及预设的各个静态因子， 计算最大允许充电电流， 所述各个静态因子用于表征充电过程中充电电流系数的固定部分；
根据所述最大允许充电电流， 对所述蓄电池进行充电控制。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 在所述蓄电池充电之前， 该方法进一步包括：
基于所述蓄电池以及所述蓄电池的供电系统预设各个静态因子。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述基于所述蓄电池以及 所述蓄电池的供电系统预设各个静态因子， 包括：
根据蓄电池标定的充电系数设定静态因子 Cr;
根据供电系统备份能源的功率设定静态因子 Cg;
统计主供电系统的供电稳定性数据， 并根据所述供电稳定性数据设定 静态因子 Ck;
统计获得蓄电池静态容量， 并根据所述静态容量设定静态因子 Cm。
4、如权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述实时监测蓄电池温度， 并基于蓄电池温度获取相应的动态因子， 包括：
实时监测所述蓄电池温度， 并获取当前蓄电池温度；
计算预设的蓄电池基准温度与所述当前蓄电池温度之间的差值， 将所 述差值乘以预设系数， 获取动态因子。
5、 如权利要求 1至 4任一项所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述基于所述 动态因子以及预设的各个静态因子， 计算最大允许充电电流， 包括： 计算所述动态因子和各个静态因子的和， 基于计算结果获取充电电流 系数；
计算所述充电电流系数和蓄电池标称容量的乘积， 将计算结果作为最 大允许充电电流。
6、 如权利要求 5所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述计算所述动态因子和 各个静态因子的和， 基于计算结果获取充电电流系数， 包括：
判断计算结果是否大于等于预设的充电电流系数最小值， 并小于等于 预设的充电电流系数最大值；
若是， 将计算结果作为所述充电电流系数；
否则， 在确定计算结果小于预设的充电电流系数最小值时， 将所述预 设的充电电流系数最小值作为所述充电电流系数， 而在确定计算结果大于 预设的充电电流系数最大值时， 将所述预设的充电电流系数最大值作为所 述充电电流系数。
7、 一种蓄电池充电控制装置， 其特征在于， 该装置包括： 第一处理单 元、 第二处理单元、 第三处理单元； 其中，
第一处理单元， 用于在蓄电池充电时， 实时监测蓄电池温度， 并基于 所述蓄电池温度获取相应的动态因子， 所述动态因子用于表征充电过程中 充电电流系数的动态调整部分；
第二处理单元， 用于基于所述动态因子以及预设的各个静态因子， 计 算最大允许充电电流， 所述各个静态因子用于表征充电过程中充电电流系 数的固定部分；
第三处理单元， 用于根据所述最大允许充电电流， 对所述蓄电池进行 充电控制。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述第一处理单元在所述 蓄电池充电之前， 基于所述蓄电池以及所述蓄电池的供电系统预设各个静 态因子。
9、 如权利要求 7所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述第一处理单元， 具体 用于实时监测所述蓄电池温度， 并获取当前蓄电池温度； 计算预设的蓄电 池基准温度与所述当前蓄电池温度之间的差值， 将所述差值乘以预设系数， 获取动态因子。
10、 如权利要求 7至 9任一项所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述第二处 理单元， 具体用于计算所述动态因子和各个静态因子的和， 基于计算结果 获取充电电流系数； 计算所述充电电流系数和蓄电池标称容量的乘积， 将 计算结果作为最大允许充电电流。
11、 如权利要求 10所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述第二处理单元， 具 体还用于判断计算结果是否大于等于预设的充电电流系数最小值， 并小于 等于预设的充电电流系数最大值； 若是， 将计算结果作为所述充电电流系 数； 否则， 在确定计算结果小于预设的充电电流系数最小值时， 将所述预 设的充电电流系数最小值作为所述充电电流系数， 而在确定计算结果大于 预设的充电电流系数最大值时， 将所述预设的充电电流系数最大值作为所 述充电电流系数。
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