WO2012091034A1 - 燃料電池システム - Google Patents
燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012091034A1 WO2012091034A1 PCT/JP2011/080265 JP2011080265W WO2012091034A1 WO 2012091034 A1 WO2012091034 A1 WO 2012091034A1 JP 2011080265 W JP2011080265 W JP 2011080265W WO 2012091034 A1 WO2012091034 A1 WO 2012091034A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04335—Temperature; Ambient temperature of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04373—Temperature; Ambient temperature of auxiliary devices, e.g. reformers, compressors, burners
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04395—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04738—Temperature of auxiliary devices, e.g. reformer, compressor, burner
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04835—Humidity; Water content of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04895—Current
- H01M8/0491—Current of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
- H01M8/04447—Concentration; Density of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
- H01M8/04462—Concentration; Density of anode exhausts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell system.
- the conventional fuel cell system is constructed so that the properties of the fuel supplied to the cell stack are constant. For this reason, when the fuel cell system is installed in an environment where the properties of the fuel fluctuate, there is a risk of causing deterioration of the heat balance in the system and progress of deterioration of the cell stack.
- a measurement unit that measures the composition of the fuel is provided, and a control parameter is set according to the measured composition.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system capable of detecting a change in fuel properties with a simple configuration.
- a fuel cell system includes a hydrogen generation unit that generates a hydrogen-containing gas using a fuel containing hydrogen, a cell stack that generates power using the hydrogen-containing gas, and A fuel cell system comprising: a supply unit that supplies a cathode gas to the cell stack; and a combustion unit that burns off-gas supplied from the cell stack, and a combustion unit temperature detection unit that detects a temperature of the combustion unit; A flow rate detection unit that detects the flow rate of the cathode gas, a cathode gas temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the cathode gas, an operation state determination unit that determines whether or not the fuel cell system is in a constant output operation state, When the state determination unit determines that the fuel cell system is in a constant output operation state, the flow rate of the cathode gas detected by the flow rate detection unit and the cathode A target temperature acquisition unit that acquires a target temperature of the combustion unit relative to the temperature of the cath
- the temperature of the combustion section detected by the combustion section temperature detection section is monitored in a constant output operation state such as rated operation, and the temperature of the combustion section is set to the target temperature.
- the flow rate of the cathode gas is controlled to reach Then, the property of the fuel is determined based on the fluctuation value of the flow rate of the cathode gas that has fluctuated until the temperature of the combustion section reaches the target temperature and the temperature of the cathode gas detected by the cathode gas temperature detection section. Therefore, compared with the conventional method of measuring a plurality of factors relating to the fuel property, the configuration necessary for determining whether or not the property of the fuel has changed can be simplified.
- a fuel cell system includes a hydrogen generation unit that generates a hydrogen-containing gas using a fuel containing hydrogen, a cell stack that generates power using the hydrogen-containing gas, and a cell stack.
- a fuel cell system comprising: a supply unit that supplies cathode gas; and a combustion unit that burns off-gas supplied from a cell stack, and detects a temperature of a power generation unit including a hydrogen generation unit, a cell stack, and a combustion unit
- a power generation unit temperature detection unit a flow rate detection unit that detects the flow rate of the cathode gas, a cathode gas temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the cathode gas, and whether or not the fuel cell system is in a constant output operation state
- Operating state determination unit and the operation state determination unit to determine whether the fuel cell system is in a constant output operation state.
- a target temperature acquisition unit for acquiring a target temperature of the power generation unit with respect to a cathode gas flow rate and a cathode gas temperature detected by the cathode gas temperature detection unit; and a temperature detected by the power generation unit temperature detection unit;
- a flow rate control unit that controls the flow rate of the cathode gas so that the gas reaches the target temperature, a fluctuation value of the flow rate of the cathode gas that is changed by the flow rate control unit, and a temperature of the cathode gas that is detected by the cathode gas temperature detection unit
- a property determining unit for determining the property of the fuel.
- the temperature of the power generation unit detected by the power generation unit temperature detection unit is monitored in a constant output operation state such as rated operation where the sweep current of the cell stack is constant.
- the cathode gas flow rate is controlled so that the temperature of the power generation unit reaches the target temperature.
- the property of the fuel is determined based on the fluctuation value of the flow rate of the cathode gas that has fluctuated until the temperature of the power generation unit reaches the target temperature and the temperature of the cathode gas detected by the cathode gas temperature detection unit. Therefore, compared with the conventional method of measuring a plurality of factors relating to the fuel properties, the configuration necessary for determining the presence or absence of changes in the fuel properties can be simplified.
- a fuel cell system includes a hydrogen generation unit that generates a hydrogen-containing gas using a fuel containing hydrogen, a cell stack that generates power using the hydrogen-containing gas, and a cell stack.
- a fuel cell system comprising: a supply unit that supplies a cathode gas to a gas stack; and a combustion unit that burns off-gas supplied from the cell stack, wherein the cell stack temperature detection unit detects the temperature of the cell stack; A flow rate detection unit for detecting a flow rate, a cathode gas temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of the cathode gas, an operation state determination unit for determining whether or not the fuel cell system is in a constant output operation state, and an operation state determination unit When it is determined that the fuel cell system is in a constant output operation state, the flow rate of the cathode gas detected by the flow rate detection unit is selected.
- a target temperature acquisition unit that acquires a target temperature of the stack, a flow rate control unit that monitors the temperature detected by the cell stack temperature detection unit, and controls the flow rate of the cathode gas so that the temperature of the cell stack reaches the target temperature; And a property determining unit that determines the property of the fuel based on the fluctuation value of the flow rate of the cathode gas changed by the flow rate control unit and the temperature of the cathode gas detected by the cathode gas temperature detection unit.
- the temperature of the cell stack detected by the cell stack temperature detector is monitored in a constant output operation state such as rated operation, and the temperature of the cell stack is set to the target temperature.
- the flow rate of the cathode gas is controlled to reach Then, the property of the fuel is determined based on the fluctuation value of the flow rate of the cathode gas that has fluctuated until the temperature of the cell stack reaches the target temperature and the temperature of the cathode gas detected by the cathode gas temperature detector. Therefore, compared with the conventional method of measuring a plurality of factors relating to the fuel property, the configuration necessary for determining whether or not the property of the fuel has changed can be simplified.
- This fuel cell system can detect changes in fuel properties with a simple configuration.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a fuel cell system according to the present invention. It is a figure which shows the functional component of a control part. It is a figure showing the mode of acquisition of the target temperature by the target temperature acquisition part. It is a figure showing the mode of control of cathode gas by a flow control part. It is a figure showing the mode of the judgment of the property of the fuel by the property judgment part. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the diagnostic process by a control part.
- the fuel cell system 1 includes a desulfurization unit 2, a water vaporization unit 3, a hydrogen generation unit 4, a cell stack 5, an off-gas combustion unit 6, a hydrogen-containing fuel supply unit 7, The water supply part 8, the oxidizing agent supply part 9, the power conditioner 10, and the control part 11 are provided.
- the fuel cell system 1 generates power in the cell stack 5 using a hydrogen-containing fuel and an oxidant.
- the type of the cell stack 5 in the fuel cell system 1 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), and phosphoric acid.
- a fuel cell (PAFC: Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell), a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC: Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell), and other types can be employed. 1 may be appropriately omitted depending on the type of cell stack 5, the type of hydrogen-containing fuel, the reforming method, and the like.
- hydrocarbon fuel a compound containing carbon and hydrogen in the molecule (may contain other elements such as oxygen) or a mixture thereof is used.
- hydrocarbon fuels include hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers, and biofuels. These hydrocarbon fuels are derived from conventional fossil fuels such as petroleum and coal, and synthetic systems such as synthesis gas. Those derived from fuel and those derived from biomass can be used as appropriate. Specific examples of hydrocarbons include methane, ethane, propane, butane, natural gas, LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), city gas, town gas, gasoline, naphtha, kerosene, and light oil. Examples of alcohols include methanol and ethanol. Examples of ethers include dimethyl ether. Examples of biofuels include biogas, bioethanol, biodiesel, and biojet.
- oxygen-enriched air for example, air, pure oxygen gas (which may contain impurities that are difficult to remove by a normal removal method), or oxygen-enriched air is used.
- the desulfurization unit 2 desulfurizes the hydrogen-containing fuel supplied to the hydrogen generation unit 4.
- the desulfurization part 2 has a desulfurization catalyst for removing sulfur compounds contained in the hydrogen-containing fuel.
- a desulfurization method of the desulfurization unit 2 for example, an adsorptive desulfurization method that adsorbs and removes sulfur compounds and a hydrodesulfurization method that removes sulfur compounds by reacting with hydrogen are employed.
- the desulfurization unit 2 supplies the desulfurized hydrogen-containing fuel to the hydrogen generation unit 4.
- the water vaporization unit 3 generates water vapor supplied to the hydrogen generation unit 4 by heating and vaporizing water.
- heat generated in the fuel cell system 1 such as recovering the heat of the hydrogen generation unit 4, the heat of the off-gas combustion unit 6, or the heat of the exhaust gas may be used.
- FIG. 1 only heat supplied from the off-gas combustion unit 6 to the hydrogen generation unit 4 is described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the water vaporization unit 3 supplies the generated water vapor to the hydrogen generation unit 4.
- the hydrogen generation unit 4 generates a hydrogen rich gas using the hydrogen-containing fuel from the desulfurization unit 2.
- the hydrogen generator 4 has a reformer that reforms the hydrogen-containing fuel with a reforming catalyst.
- the reforming method in the hydrogen generating unit 4 is not particularly limited, and for example, steam reforming, partial oxidation reforming, autothermal reforming, and other reforming methods can be employed.
- the hydrogen generator 4 may have a configuration for adjusting the properties in addition to the reformer reformed by the reforming catalyst depending on the properties of the hydrogen rich gas required for the cell stack 5.
- the hydrogen generation unit 4 is configured to remove carbon monoxide in the hydrogen-rich gas. (For example, a shift reaction part and a selective oxidation reaction part).
- the hydrogen generation unit 4 supplies a hydrogen rich gas to the anode 12 of the cell stack 5.
- the cell stack 5 generates power using the hydrogen rich gas from the hydrogen generation unit 4 and the oxidant from the oxidant supply unit 9.
- the cell stack 5 includes an anode 12 to which a hydrogen-rich gas is supplied, a cathode 13 to which an oxidant is supplied, and an electrolyte 14 disposed between the anode 12 and the cathode 13.
- the cell stack 5 supplies power to the outside via the power conditioner 10.
- the cell stack 5 supplies the hydrogen rich gas and the oxidant, which have not been used for power generation, to the off gas combustion unit 6 as off gas.
- a combustion section for example, a combustor that heats the reformer
- the hydrogen generation section 4 may be shared with the off-gas combustion section 6.
- the off gas combustion unit 6 burns off gas supplied from the cell stack 5.
- the heat generated by the off-gas combustion unit 6 is supplied to the hydrogen generation unit 4 and used for generation of a hydrogen rich gas in the hydrogen generation unit 4.
- the hydrogen-containing fuel supply unit 7 supplies hydrogen-containing fuel to the desulfurization unit 2.
- the water supply unit 8 supplies water to the water vaporization unit 3.
- the oxidant supply unit 9 supplies an oxidant (cathode gas) to the cathode 13 of the cell stack 5.
- the hydrogen-containing fuel supply unit 7, the water supply unit 8, and the oxidant supply unit 9 are configured by a pump, for example, and are driven based on a control signal from the control unit 11.
- the power conditioner 10 adjusts the power from the cell stack 5 according to the external power usage state. For example, the power conditioner 10 performs a process of converting a voltage and a process of converting DC power into AC power.
- the control unit 11 performs control processing for the entire fuel cell system 1.
- the control unit 11 is configured by a device including a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), and an input / output interface, for example.
- the control unit 11 is electrically connected to a hydrogen-containing fuel supply unit 7, a water supply unit 8, an oxidant supply unit 9, a power conditioner 10, and other sensors and auxiliary equipment not shown.
- the control unit 11 acquires various signals generated in the fuel cell system 1 and outputs a control signal to each device in the fuel cell system 1.
- control executed by the control unit 11 will be described in more detail.
- the control unit 11 is a part that outputs a control signal to each device in the fuel cell system 1, but in addition to this, the properties (heat amount, composition, etc.) of the hydrogen-containing fuel supplied from the hydrogen-containing fuel supply unit 7. Diagnosis processing for diagnosing a change in the output of the fuel cell system 1 due to the change in the value is executed.
- control unit 11 includes a combustion unit temperature detection unit 101, a flow rate detection unit 102, a cathode gas temperature detection unit 103, and an operation state determination unit as functional components. 104, a target temperature acquisition unit 105, a flow rate control unit 106, a property determination unit 107, and a supply condition control unit 108.
- the combustion part temperature detection part 101 is a part for detecting the temperature of the off-gas combustion part 6.
- the combustion unit temperature detection unit 101 constantly detects the temperature of the off-gas combustion unit 6 while the fuel cell system 1 is generating power.
- the flow rate detection unit 102 detects the flow rate of the cathode gas.
- the flow rate detection unit 102 constantly detects the flow rate of the cathode gas supplied from the oxidant supply unit 9 to the cathode 13 of the cell stack 5 while the fuel cell system 1 is generating power.
- the cathode gas temperature detection unit 103 is a part that detects the temperature of the cathode gas.
- the cathode gas temperature detection unit 103 constantly detects the temperature of the cathode gas supplied from the oxidant supply unit 9 to the cathode 13 of the cell stack 5 while the fuel cell system 1 is generating power.
- the operation state determination unit 104 is a portion that determines whether or not the fuel cell system 1 is in a constant output operation state such as rated operation.
- the constant output operation state is an operation state in which the sweep current of the cell stack 5 is constant and the power generated by the cell stack 5 is constant.
- the rated operation state which is one of the constant output operation states, is that the sweep current of the cell stack 5 is constant at the maximum value in the specification, and the power generated in the cell stack 5 is constant at the maximum value in the specification. It is such an operating state.
- the operation state determination unit 104 indicates that the fuel cell system 1 is in a constant output operation state when, for example, the change in the moving average value of the voltage output from the cell stack 5 is equal to or less than the threshold value for a certain time (for example, 15 minutes). Judge. When the operation state determination unit 104 determines that the fuel cell system 1 is in a constant output operation state, the operation state determination unit 104 outputs a signal instructing the target temperature acquisition unit 105 to start operation.
- the operation state determination unit 104 may include means for counting the time since the fuel cell system 1 has been operated. In this case, for example, when the count reaches a certain time without the fuel cell system 1 being in a constant output operation state, the fuel cell system 1 is in a forced idling state (0 W constant output power generation state in which fuel is supplied but no power is generated). ), And outputs a signal instructing the target temperature acquisition unit 105 to start the operation.
- the target temperature acquisition unit 105 is a part that acquires the target temperature of the off-gas combustion unit 6 with respect to the flow rate of the cathode gas. More specifically, the target temperature acquisition unit 105 determines the current cathode gas detected by the flow rate detection unit 102 when the operation state determination unit 104 determines that the fuel cell system 1 is in a constant output operation state. The current temperature of the cathode gas detected by the flow rate and the cathode gas temperature detection unit 103 is acquired.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating how the target temperature acquisition unit 105 acquires the target temperature.
- the target temperature acquisition unit 105 stores in advance the target temperature of the off-gas combustion unit 6 with respect to the flow rate and temperature of the cathode gas for each fuel property, as shown in FIG. is doing.
- the example of FIG. 3 shows a case where the current temperature of the cathode gas detected by the cathode gas temperature detection unit 103 is Tc, and the property of the fuel set for the operation of the fuel cell system 1 is B (heat quantity). If the current flow rate of the cathode gas detected by the flow rate detection unit 102 is C1, the target temperature of the off-gas combustion unit 6 is determined to be Ts. Note that the target temperature of the off-gas combustion unit 6 with respect to the flow rate and temperature of the cathode gas as shown in FIG. 3 is preferably stored for each power generation amount in the constant output operation state.
- the flow rate control unit 106 is a part that controls the flow rate of the cathode gas. More specifically, the flow rate control unit 106 monitors the temperature detected by the combustion unit temperature detection unit 101 and varies the flow rate of the cathode gas so that the temperature of the off-gas combustion unit 6 reaches the target temperature.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating how the cathode gas is controlled by the flow rate control unit 106. If there is no change in the fuel property, and the fuel property is set to B (heat amount: medium), the target temperature Ts and the current temperature Tp detected by the combustion part temperature detector 101 coincide. . However, when the property of the fuel has changed from B to A (amount of heat: small), the current temperature Tp detected by the combustion unit temperature detection unit 101 is smaller than the target temperature Ts. In this case, the flow rate control unit 106 decreases the flow rate of the cathode gas from C1 to C2, and matches the current temperature Tp with the target temperature Ts.
- B heat amount
- the current temperature Tp detected by the combustion unit temperature detection unit 101 is smaller than the target temperature Ts.
- the flow rate control unit 106 decreases the flow rate of the cathode gas from C1 to C2, and matches the current temperature Tp with the target temperature Ts.
- the flow rate control unit 106 increases the flow rate of the cathode gas from C1 to C3, and matches the current temperature Tp with the target temperature Ts.
- the property determination unit 107 is a part that determines the property of the fuel based on the fluctuation value of the flow rate of the cathode gas changed by the flow rate control unit 106 and the current temperature of the cathode gas detected by the cathode gas temperature detection unit 103.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating how the property determination unit 107 determines the fuel properties.
- the target temperature acquisition unit 105 stores in advance a characteristic table in which, for example, the fluctuation value of the flow rate of the cathode gas when the temperature is Tc is associated with each fuel property. In the example shown in FIG.
- the property determination unit 107 determines that there is no change in the fuel property, and the variation value ⁇ C of the cathode gas flow rate is C2. If it is -C1, it is determined that the fuel property has changed from B to A. Further, the property determining unit 107 determines that the property of the fuel has changed from B to C when the fluctuation value ⁇ C of the flow rate of the cathode gas is C3-C1.
- the supply condition control unit 108 is a part that adjusts the fuel and water supply conditions based on the determination result by the property determination unit 107.
- the supply condition control unit 108 has the optimum fuel utilization rate and S / C (water vapor / carbon) ratio according to the property after the change. As described above, the flow rate of the fuel supplied from the hydrogen-containing fuel supply unit 7 and the flow rate of water supplied from the water supply unit 8 are adjusted.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example of diagnosis processing by the control unit.
- step S01 when the fuel cell system 1 starts power generation, counting of time from the start is started. Also, detection of the temperature of the off-gas combustion unit 6 by the combustion unit temperature detection unit 101, detection of the flow rate of the cathode gas by the flow rate detection unit 102, detection of the temperature of the cathode gas by the cathode gas temperature detection unit 103, and the like are started. Next, it is determined whether or not the constant output operation state of the fuel cell system 1 has continued for a predetermined time (step S01).
- step S02 If the constant output operation state has not continued for a certain period of time, it is determined whether or not the count has reached a certain period of time (step S02). If the count has not reached the certain period of time, the process returns to step S01 and the constant output is again performed. It is determined that the driving state is continued. When the count has reached a certain time, the fuel cell system 1 shifts to the forced idling state (step S03).
- step S01 when the constant output operation state continues for a certain period of time, or when the fuel cell system 1 shifts to the forced idling state in step S03, the diagnosis process is started.
- the diagnosis process first, the current cathode gas flow rate and current cathode gas temperature are acquired (step S04), and based on the power generation amount in the constant output operation state and the acquired cathode gas flow rate and temperature.
- a target temperature of the off-gas combustion unit 6 is determined.
- the current temperature of the off-gas combustion unit 6 is acquired (step S05).
- step S06 After the current temperature of the off-gas combustion unit 6 is acquired, it is determined whether or not the target temperature matches the current temperature (step S06). If the target temperature and the current temperature do not match, the cathode gas flow rate is adjusted until the two match (step S07). If the target temperature matches the current temperature, the cathode gas flow rate at the time of matching is acquired (step S08).
- step S09 the fluctuation value of the cathode gas flow rate is acquired based on the difference between the cathode gas flow rate acquired in step S04 and the cathode gas flow rate acquired in step S08 (step S09).
- step S10 the fuel property is determined based on the variation value of the cathode gas flow rate and the cathode gas temperature (step S10), and the fuel and water supply conditions are changed based on the determination result (step S11). ). That is, the flow rate of the fuel supplied from the hydrogen-containing fuel supply unit 7 and the flow rate of the water supplied from the water supply unit 8 are changed so that the fuel utilization rate and the S / C ratio become optimum values.
- the temperature of the off-gas combustion unit 6 detected by the combustion unit temperature detection unit 101 in a constant output operation state such as rated operation is set. Monitoring is performed to control the flow rate of the cathode gas so that the temperature of the off-gas combustion unit 6 reaches the target temperature. Then, the property of the fuel is determined based on the fluctuation value of the flow rate of the cathode gas that has fluctuated until the temperature of the off-gas combustion unit 6 reaches the target temperature and the temperature of the cathode gas. Therefore, compared with the conventional method of measuring a plurality of factors relating to the fuel properties, the configuration necessary for determining the presence or absence of changes in the fuel properties can be simplified.
- the temperature change of the off-gas combustion unit 6 tends to quickly follow the change in fuel properties. Therefore, it is possible to quickly detect changes in the properties of the fuel by executing the above-described diagnostic processing.
- the fuel cell system 1 even when the fuel cell system 1 does not shift to the constant output operation state, when the count from the start of power generation reaches a certain time, the fuel cell system 1 shifts to the forced idling state. And execute diagnostic processing. As a result, regardless of the operating status of the fuel cell system 1, it is possible to periodically perform a diagnosis of the properties of the fuel.
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
- the temperature of the off-gas combustion unit 6 is detected by the combustion unit temperature detection unit 101, but instead of this, the hydrogen generation unit 4, the cell stack 5, and the power generation unit including the off-gas combustion unit 6 are included.
- the temperature may be detected by the power generation unit temperature detection unit, or only the temperature of the cell stack 5 may be detected by the cell stack temperature detection unit. Even in this case, the same effect as the above embodiment can be obtained.
- the temperature is likely to be stable, detection errors can be suppressed.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (3)
- 水素を含有する燃料を用いて水素含有ガスを発生させる水素発生部と、
前記水素含有ガスを用いて発電を行うセルスタックと、
前記セルスタックにカソードガスを供給する供給部と、
前記セルスタックから供給されるオフガスを燃焼させる燃焼部と、を備える燃料電池システムであって、
前記燃焼部の温度を検出する燃焼部温度検出部と、
前記カソードガスの流量を検出する流量検出部と、
前記カソードガスの温度を検出するカソードガス温度検出部と、
当該燃料電池システムが一定出力運転状態であるか否かを判断する運転状態判断部と、
前記運転状態判断部によって前記燃料電池システムが一定出力運転状態であると判断された場合に、前記流量検出部によって検出された前記カソードガスの流量及び前記カソードガス温度検出部によって検出された前記カソードガスの温度に対する前記燃焼部の目標温度を取得する目標温度取得部と、
前記燃焼部温度検出部によって検出される温度を監視し、前記燃焼部の温度が前記目標温度に到達するように前記カソードガスの流量を制御する流量制御部と、
前記流量制御部によって変動した前記カソードガスの流量の変動値及び前記カソードガスの温度に基づいて前記燃料の性状を判断する性状判断部と、を備える燃料電池システム。 - 水素を含有する燃料を用いて水素含有ガスを発生させる水素発生部と、
前記水素含有ガスを用いて発電を行うセルスタックと、
前記セルスタックにカソードガスを供給する供給部と、
前記セルスタックから供給されるオフガスを燃焼させる燃焼部と、を備える燃料電池システムであって、
前記水素発生部、前記セルスタック、及び前記燃焼部を含む発電部の温度を検出する発電部温度検出部と、
前記カソードガスの流量を検出する流量検出部と、
前記カソードガスの温度を検出するカソードガス温度検出部と、
当該燃料電池システムが一定出力運転状態であるか否かを判断する運転状態判断部と、
前記運転状態判断部によって前記燃料電池システムが一定出力運転状態であると判断された場合に、前記流量検出部によって検出された前記カソードガスの流量及び前記カソードガス温度検出部によって検出された前記カソードガスの温度に対する前記発電部の目標温度を取得する目標温度取得部と、
前記発電部温度検出部によって検出される温度を監視し、前記発電部の温度が前記目標温度に到達するように前記カソードガスの流量を制御する流量制御部と、
前記流量制御部によって変動した前記カソードガスの流量の変動値及び前記カソードガスの温度に基づいて前記燃料の性状を判断する性状判断部と、を備える燃料電池システム。 - 水素を含有する燃料を用いて水素含有ガスを発生させる水素発生部と、
前記水素含有ガスを用いて発電を行うセルスタックと、
前記セルスタックにカソードガスを供給する供給部と、
前記セルスタックから供給されるオフガスを燃焼させる燃焼部と、を備える燃料電池システムであって、
前記セルスタックの温度を検出するセルスタック温度検出部と、
前記カソードガスの流量を検出する流量検出部と、
前記カソードガスの温度を検出するカソードガス温度検出部と、
当該燃料電池システムが一定出力運転状態であるか否かを判断する運転状態判断部と、
前記運転状態判断部によって前記燃料電池システムが一定出力運転状態であると判断された場合に、前記流量検出部によって検出された前記カソードガスの流量に対する前記セルスタックの目標温度を取得する目標温度取得部と、
前記セルスタック温度検出部によって検出される温度を監視し、前記セルスタックの温度が前記目標温度に到達するように前記カソードガスの流量を制御する流量制御部と、
前記流量制御部によって変動した前記カソードガスの流量の変動値及び前記カソードガスの温度に基づいて前記燃料の性状を判断する性状判断部と、を備える燃料電池システム。
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EP11852974.2A EP2660911A1 (en) | 2010-12-28 | 2011-12-27 | Fuel cell system |
US13/997,807 US20130316256A1 (en) | 2010-12-28 | 2011-12-27 | Fuel cell system |
JP2012550994A JP5519809B2 (ja) | 2010-12-28 | 2011-12-27 | 燃料電池システム |
CN2011800633615A CN103299468A (zh) | 2010-12-28 | 2011-12-27 | 燃料电池系统 |
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WO2014082768A1 (de) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-06-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum betrieb eines brennstoffzellensystems |
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US10833339B2 (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2020-11-10 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system and method of running fuel cell system |
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2011
- 2011-12-27 CN CN2011800633615A patent/CN103299468A/zh active Pending
- 2011-12-27 EP EP11852974.2A patent/EP2660911A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-12-27 JP JP2012550994A patent/JP5519809B2/ja active Active
- 2011-12-27 US US13/997,807 patent/US20130316256A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-12-27 WO PCT/JP2011/080265 patent/WO2012091034A1/ja active Application Filing
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JPH0547401A (ja) * | 1991-08-09 | 1993-02-26 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 燃料電池の燃料切替方法およびその装置 |
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US20130316256A1 (en) | 2013-11-28 |
JPWO2012091034A1 (ja) | 2014-06-05 |
CN103299468A (zh) | 2013-09-11 |
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