WO2012089869A1 - Método de recubrimiento in situ de receptor solar de torre - Google Patents
Método de recubrimiento in situ de receptor solar de torre Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012089869A1 WO2012089869A1 PCT/ES2011/000381 ES2011000381W WO2012089869A1 WO 2012089869 A1 WO2012089869 A1 WO 2012089869A1 ES 2011000381 W ES2011000381 W ES 2011000381W WO 2012089869 A1 WO2012089869 A1 WO 2012089869A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- receiver
- coating
- coating method
- carried out
- solar
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 29
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011020 pilot scale process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
- B05D3/0254—After-treatment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
- F24S40/40—Preventing corrosion; Protecting against dirt or contamination
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
- F24S70/20—Details of absorbing elements characterised by absorbing coatings; characterised by surface treatment for increasing absorption
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
- C23D5/00—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
Definitions
- This invention belongs to the technical sector that encompasses the procedures for applying liquids or other fluid materials to surfaces, with prior treatment thereof.
- the method includes surface preparation, coating application, curing and in situ vitrification of the recipient.
- a field of heliostats or moving mirrors that are oriented according to the position of the sun, reflect solar radiation to concentrate it on a receiver that sits on top of a tower.
- the receiver is responsible for transferring the heat received to a working fluid, which
- receiver 15 can be water, molten salts, etc. in order to generate steam that expands in a turbine coupled to a generator for the production of electricity.
- These receivers have a special coating that enhances the absorption of solar radiation concentrated by heliostats.
- the tower serves as a support for the receiver, which must be located at a certain height above the level of heliostats in order to improve
- Patent DE2734604 A1 (Process for coating solar panels),
- the cure rate of paints that are exposed to UV radiation or sunlight can be improved.
- the proposed curing is done with unconcentrated solar radiation or with UV radiation.
- WO 2009/146161 A1 a method for coating a solar collector is presented, in which the curing is done using concentrated solar radiation.
- the paint with the most experience in solar tower receivers, is the Pyromark® 2500, however, this product has presented durability problems when exposed to the operating conditions of the receiver.
- Other potential products for use in solar technologies are those recommended for boilers, exchangers, aeronautics, turbines, and other similar sectors, where the surfaces of equipment materials are constantly exposed to high temperatures.
- Solar tower receivers receive solar radiation concentrated by a field of heliostats. These receivers, through which a heated working fluid circulates, require the application of an absorber coating on its surface. This coating, apart from increasing the surface absorptivity, also protects the receiver against environmental action and corrosion.
- the absorptive coatings currently used in the receptors are silicone-based paints, which gives them good resistance at high temperature, with black pigments that give them the absorptive property.
- the solution to the problem of low durability presented by the products used to cover the solar tower receivers is found in the methodology used for its application.
- the procedure proposed in this invention allows to overcome the main problems presented: appearance of cracks in the coating that penetrate to the surface of the tubes, leaving it exposed and susceptible to the initiation of corrosion processes and, the detachment of paint in certain areas, which decreases the efficiency of the plant considerably by decreasing the heat absorption of the receiver.
- Curing increase in the temperature of the coated surface for the removal of volatile compounds and consequently formation of the solid film of the coating.
- Vitrified optionally, after the curing stage and prior to the controlled cooling of the receiver, a vitrification stage can be carried out which consists in increasing the temperature of the coated surface to temperatures above of curing and close to the operating temperature of the receiver.
- Curing is carried out by supplying steam inside the receiver tube.
- This steam can come from an auxiliary boiler, from another previous solar heating stage, and so on.
- the curing stage also integrates the solar field into the process, as an auxiliary support system, which would be used in the event that the supply of steam inside the receiver tubes failed.
- Carrying out the curing by circulating steam inside the receiver tubes offers a fundamental advantage over the systems that perform the curing from the outside, since in this way the curing of the paint takes place from the innermost layers (the ones that They are in contact with the receiver) to the outermost ones. In this way, evaporation and expulsion of the volatile components of the inner layers takes place before curing of the outer layers, said volatile components entering the atmosphere without problems.
- the first layers that harden are the outer ones, which leads to the volatile components of the inner layers, when they begin to evaporate by the heat supply, can no longer be expelled into the atmosphere and they remain inside the coating in the form of occluded bubbles, increasing the porosity of said coating.
- These occluded bubbles causing imperfections and inhomogeneities in the coating, give rise to defects such as perforations, craters or cracks which cause the subsequent oxidation or decrease of absorption in the receptor, as stated above.
- the vitrification of the coating (optional stage, depending on the type of paint applied), it is done by increasing the temperature of the coated surface, already cured. In this stage, the coating is exposed to conditions similar to those of the receiver, increasing its temperature to temperatures greater than 400 ° C. This temperature increase is achieved by the circulation of steam inside the tubes plus the application on the concentrated solar radiation receiver from the heliostat field.
- the stage of controlled cooling of the receiver until reaching room temperature is essential in the coating process to avoid the immediate formation of cracks, which occur in the case of subjecting the newly applied paint to sudden temperature changes.
- a blur of the heliostats is carried out, so that they stop concentrating the heat on the surface of the receiver and then connect a series of recirculation pumps of the receiver that circulate a fluid at a temperature controlled by the inside of the receiver tubes, until reaching 100 ° C, stopping them then and letting it finish cooling in the air.
- the procedure comprises the following stages:
- both the surface preparation and the application of the paint should be done by dividing the surface of the receiver into several zones, which in the case of the preferred embodiment, is stipulated in four zones (19, 20, 21, 22) . With this division it is possible to apply the paint once the blasting of each zone is done, intercalating both procedures, to minimize the time between the blasting and the painting of the entire receiver,
- the surface of the receiver (9) located on top of a tower (4) is treated to increase the anchoring of the paint to said surface.
- the previous coating is removed, if any, and impurities that may affect the quality of the coating to be deposited (oxides and other corrosion products).
- This surface preparation ensures that the surface is free of grease, dust, oils, dirt, previous coatings, rust, corrosion products and any foreign matter deposited.
- the process used for surface preparation is blasting, using a pressure abrasive (sand) that removes any material embedded in the treated area. Subsequently, any residue of the material used in the blasting should be removed by applying pressurized air on the treated surface.
- a pressure abrasive sand
- zone 1 (19) Once the blasting of zone 1 (19) is finished, the number of paint layers recommended by the manufacturer is applied, using airless spray equipment and respecting the required drying time between layer and layer, also defined by the manufacturer.
- the thickness of the film obtained is verified, which must be within the range specified by the coating manufacturer. To do this, using a dry layer thickness gauge, measurements are taken at different points in the area and an average value is obtained.
- Curing of the receiver is done by increasing the surface temperature of the receiver tubes to the curing temperature (according to the paint specification) and maintaining said condition for the time recommended by the paint manufacturer.
- the curing system consists of: i) Receiver temperature increase system per working fluid passage and ii) Support system, to guarantee a constant supply of thermal energy to the surface of the receiver.
- Receiver temperature increase system by working fluid passage: the temperature of the outer surface of the receiver tubes increases to the curing temperature, passing saturated steam from the auxiliary boiler (2) or any other source inside these tubes until the correct temperature is reached. This temperature will be reached in 2 hours and will be maintained for the time stipulated by the manufacturer.
- Curing support system to ensure that once the curing procedure has begun, the heat input is constant, without the receiver experiencing temperature drops, the heliostat field (12) will be maintained operational and in the position of stand-by, so that it can be used according to the temperature needs of the receiver surface. This is the case in which the required curing temperature is higher than that due to operating limits of the boiler, can be reached in the receiver (around 320 ° C), or in the event that the supply of steam is interrupted, then the heliostats must be focused in a controlled manner until said cure temperature is reached. After curing, a vitrification stage can be carried out,
- the solar superheated steam tower receivers operate at maximum steam temperatures around 540 ° C. Given the way in which the concentration of solar radiation is performed on the surface of the receiver, it is not possible to maintain a constant temperature during operation. In this case, some coatings manufacturers recommend the vitrification operation to increase the protection of the paint against thermal shocks.
- the vitrification operation of the paint applied to the tower solar receiver is done by passing saturated steam coming from the boiler (5) through the interior of the tubes and controlling the heliostats (12) of the solar field to the receiver in a controlled way of heat of 5MWt every 10 minutes, until the vitrification temperature is reached, thus achieving a temperature increase of 50 ° C / h.
- Upon reaching the maximum radiation input point and thereby the vitrification temperature such a condition is maintained for the time recommended by the paint manufacturer.
- the integration of the solar field in the process allows the temperature of the receiver surface to be increased, beyond the boiler limits, in addition, with this stage of vitrification the coating is subjected in a controlled manner to conditions similar to those of operation, thereby guaranteeing that the film formed will withstand the operating conditions of the receiver,
- the blurring of the heliostats will also be done at a blurring rate such that the heat input is reduced by 5MWt every 10 minutes.
- This procedure is applicable and adaptable to any commercial paint that requires high temperature for curing and vitrification, and is intended to be used as an absorber coating for a tower solar receiver. It can also be used at any scale, both for tower receivers at pilot scale and commercial scale.
- One of the advantages of the proposed procedure is that it allows the entire coating process to be developed in situ, avoiding the laborious disassembly operation to apply the paint in other installations and to cure with a conventional procedure (the receiver panels are taken to ovens large in which the temperature increase is done in a controlled way).
- the receiver panels are taken to ovens large in which the temperature increase is done in a controlled way.
- the paint layers closest to the surface of the receiver are cured before the outermost paint layers, avoiding thus the formation of occluded solvent bubbles and imperfections in the innermost layers of paint.
- vitrification by concentrating solar radiation from heliostats allows the coating to develop surface properties favorable to operating conditions, thereby increasing its durability.
- the methodology used minimizes the risk of obtaining a partial cure, with unwanted properties in the formed film, since it guarantees a constant supply of heat in the receiver during the curing stage.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
MX2013007483A MX2013007483A (es) | 2010-12-30 | 2011-12-29 | Metodo de recubrimiento in situ de receptor solar de torre. |
CN201180066008.2A CN103502746A (zh) | 2010-12-30 | 2011-12-29 | 现场涂覆塔式太阳能接收器的方法 |
EP11852411.5A EP2667114A4 (en) | 2010-12-30 | 2011-12-29 | METHOD FOR IN-SITU COATING OF A TOWER SOLAR CLASP |
MA36077A MA34809B1 (fr) | 2010-12-30 | 2011-12-29 | Procédé de revêtement in situ de récepteur solaire de tour |
US13/977,674 US20130344238A1 (en) | 2010-12-30 | 2011-12-29 | Method for in situ coating a tower solar receiver |
ZA2013/04665A ZA201304665B (en) | 2010-12-30 | 2013-06-24 | Method for in situ coating a tower solar receiver |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES201001652A ES2386051B1 (es) | 2010-12-30 | 2010-12-30 | Metodo de recubrimiento in situ de receptor solar de torre |
ESP201001652 | 2010-12-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012089869A1 true WO2012089869A1 (es) | 2012-07-05 |
Family
ID=46382341
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/ES2011/000381 WO2012089869A1 (es) | 2010-12-30 | 2011-12-29 | Método de recubrimiento in situ de receptor solar de torre |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20130344238A1 (es) |
EP (1) | EP2667114A4 (es) |
CN (1) | CN103502746A (es) |
CL (1) | CL2013001921A1 (es) |
ES (1) | ES2386051B1 (es) |
MA (1) | MA34809B1 (es) |
MX (1) | MX2013007483A (es) |
WO (1) | WO2012089869A1 (es) |
ZA (1) | ZA201304665B (es) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2574553B1 (es) * | 2014-12-18 | 2017-04-05 | Arraela, S.L. | Procedimiento para la realización de un recubrimiento para bases sometidas a la incidencia de energía en el espectro de 10-7 < lambda < 10-4 m. y recubrimiento obtenido por dicho procedimiento |
US10126021B2 (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2018-11-13 | General Electric Technology Gmbh | Metal-ceramic coating for heat exchanger tubes of a central solar receiver and methods of preparing the same |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2734604A1 (de) | 1977-08-01 | 1979-02-15 | Degussa | Verfahren zum beschichten von sonnenkollektoren |
US4211210A (en) * | 1977-02-02 | 1980-07-08 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | High temperature solar absorber coating and method of applying same |
US5104691A (en) * | 1990-05-30 | 1992-04-14 | Shell Oil Company | Epoxy resin system for insitu rehabilitation of pipes |
US5562953A (en) | 1992-07-28 | 1996-10-08 | Rohm And Haas Company | Method for light-assisted curing of coatings |
WO2009146161A1 (en) | 2008-05-30 | 2009-12-03 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Method for coating a solar collector |
US20100258112A1 (en) * | 2009-04-10 | 2010-10-14 | Victory Energy Operations LLC | Generation of steam from solar energy |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4452232A (en) * | 1982-12-17 | 1984-06-05 | David Constant V | Solar heat boiler |
US6701711B1 (en) * | 2002-11-11 | 2004-03-09 | The Boeing Company | Molten salt receiver cooling system |
US7055519B2 (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2006-06-06 | United Technologies Corporation | Solar collector and method |
CN2758657Y (zh) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-02-15 | 张耀明 | 腔式太阳能接收器 |
US20070111007A1 (en) * | 2005-11-14 | 2007-05-17 | Uwe Wilkenhoener | Process for the preparation of coatings with specific surface properties |
EP2061089A1 (en) * | 2006-09-08 | 2009-05-20 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Solar battery panel and method for manufacturing solar battery panel |
JP2012505304A (ja) * | 2008-10-14 | 2012-03-01 | ディーエスエム アイピー アセッツ ビー.ブイ. | 耐染み性粒子 |
AU2010219892A1 (en) * | 2009-03-06 | 2010-09-10 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Solar thermal receiver and solar thermal power generation facility |
CN101854131B (zh) * | 2009-04-01 | 2012-10-03 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | 一种耐高温的选择性太阳能吸收膜及其制备方法 |
US8783246B2 (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2014-07-22 | Aerojet Rocketdyne Of De, Inc. | Solar receiver and solar power system having coated conduit |
-
2010
- 2010-12-30 ES ES201001652A patent/ES2386051B1/es active Active
-
2011
- 2011-12-29 MA MA36077A patent/MA34809B1/fr unknown
- 2011-12-29 EP EP11852411.5A patent/EP2667114A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-12-29 MX MX2013007483A patent/MX2013007483A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2011-12-29 WO PCT/ES2011/000381 patent/WO2012089869A1/es active Application Filing
- 2011-12-29 US US13/977,674 patent/US20130344238A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-12-29 CN CN201180066008.2A patent/CN103502746A/zh active Pending
-
2013
- 2013-06-24 ZA ZA2013/04665A patent/ZA201304665B/en unknown
- 2013-06-28 CL CL2013001921A patent/CL2013001921A1/es unknown
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4211210A (en) * | 1977-02-02 | 1980-07-08 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | High temperature solar absorber coating and method of applying same |
DE2734604A1 (de) | 1977-08-01 | 1979-02-15 | Degussa | Verfahren zum beschichten von sonnenkollektoren |
FR2399289A1 (fr) | 1977-08-01 | 1979-03-02 | Degussa | Procede pour le revetement de capteurs solaires |
US5104691A (en) * | 1990-05-30 | 1992-04-14 | Shell Oil Company | Epoxy resin system for insitu rehabilitation of pipes |
US5562953A (en) | 1992-07-28 | 1996-10-08 | Rohm And Haas Company | Method for light-assisted curing of coatings |
WO2009146161A1 (en) | 2008-05-30 | 2009-12-03 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Method for coating a solar collector |
US20090297721A1 (en) * | 2008-05-30 | 2009-12-03 | Alstom Technology Ltd. | Method for coating a solar collector |
US20100258112A1 (en) * | 2009-04-10 | 2010-10-14 | Victory Energy Operations LLC | Generation of steam from solar energy |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP2667114A4 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2667114A4 (en) | 2016-01-06 |
ES2386051B1 (es) | 2013-03-25 |
ZA201304665B (en) | 2014-03-26 |
CN103502746A (zh) | 2014-01-08 |
EP2667114A1 (en) | 2013-11-27 |
ES2386051A1 (es) | 2012-08-07 |
MX2013007483A (es) | 2013-12-06 |
US20130344238A1 (en) | 2013-12-26 |
CL2013001921A1 (es) | 2014-04-11 |
MA34809B1 (fr) | 2014-01-02 |
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