WO2012089102A1 - 基于电解和复膜技术的印染废水循环利用装置及其方法 - Google Patents

基于电解和复膜技术的印染废水循环利用装置及其方法 Download PDF

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WO2012089102A1
WO2012089102A1 PCT/CN2011/084736 CN2011084736W WO2012089102A1 WO 2012089102 A1 WO2012089102 A1 WO 2012089102A1 CN 2011084736 W CN2011084736 W CN 2011084736W WO 2012089102 A1 WO2012089102 A1 WO 2012089102A1
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printing
valve
reverse osmosis
shut
membrane
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French (fr)
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张世文
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波鹰(厦门)科技有限公司
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
    • C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
    • C02F1/4674—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation with halogen or compound of halogens, e.g. chlorine, bromine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/308—Dyes; Colorants; Fluorescent agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/30—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the textile industry
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/18—Removal of treatment agents after treatment
    • C02F2303/185—The treatment agent being halogen or a halogenated compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/08—Nanoparticles or nanotubes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for treating and recycling printing and dyeing wastewater, in particular to a method for treating wastewater treatment and recycling based on integrated nano-catalytic electrolysis technology and laminating technology.
  • the textile industry usually includes textile, printing and dyeing, chemical fiber, clothing and textile special equipment manufacturing, etc. 5 Large component.
  • printing and dyeing industry has entered a period of rapid development, equipment and technology levels have been significantly improved, production processes and equipment have been continuously updated, and printing and dyeing enterprises have developed rapidly. So far, only China has more than scale printing and dyeing enterprises. More than 2000.
  • Printing and dyeing process refers to the general name of physical and chemical treatment of various textile materials fibers, yarns and fabrics in the production process, including pre-treatment, dyeing, printing and finishing of textile materials, collectively referred to as printing and dyeing process.
  • the color of printing and dyeing wastewater is large; the concentration of organic matter is high, the composition is complex; it is difficult to be biodegradable; it contains a large amount of inorganic salts, sulfides, etc., which is an intractable industry.
  • Waste water Since the printed molecules are more difficult to remove due to the complex aromatic hydrocarbon molecular structure, these structures are themselves designed and manufactured for stable existence in an aqueous environment or under conditions of light and oxidizing agents.
  • the third is that most printing and dyeing is toxic and difficult to degrade organic matter, chemically stable, carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic. ' ⁇ ' Function. Even if the concentration of the remaining printing and dyeing components in the wastewater is very low, discharge into the water body will cause the water transmittance to decrease, resulting in the destruction of the aquatic ecosystem. Therefore, effective treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater has become an important issue.
  • the water quality of printing and dyeing wastewater has the characteristics of high concentration of pollutants, various types, toxic and harmful components and high chroma.
  • the treatment methods commonly used in such wastewater treatment at home and abroad mainly include physical, chemical and biological methods. technology.
  • adsorption air floatation mainly includes methods such as adsorption air floatation, membrane separation, ultrasonic gas vibration, and distillation.
  • the most widely used in the physical treatment method is the adsorption method.
  • activated carbon adsorption method which is very effective for removing dissolved organic matter in water, but it can not remove colloid and hydrophobic printing and dyeing in water, and has more advantages for water-soluble printing and dyeing such as cationic printing, direct printing, acid printing, active printing and dyeing. Good adsorption performance.
  • the adsorption air floatation method firstly uses some highly dispersed powdery inorganic adsorbents such as bentonite and kaolin to adsorb the dyed ions and other soluble substances in the wastewater, and then adds the air floatation agent to convert it into hydrophobic particles and remove them by air flotation. , the removal rate of acid printing, cationic printing and direct printing More than 92%.
  • Membrane technology applied to printing and dyeing wastewater treatment mainly includes ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis.
  • the removal rate of dissolved solids by reverse osmosis method is 85% to 99%, and the average recovery rate of printing and dyeing is 75% to 85%.
  • Ultrasonic technology can be an effective method for wastewater treatment by controlling the frequency of ultrasonic waves and saturated gas.
  • the average chroma removal rate was 97%
  • the COD Cr removal rate was 90.6%
  • the total pollution load reduction rate was 85.9%.
  • Chemical methods mainly include chemical coagulation, chemical oxidation, photochemical catalytic oxidation, and electrochemical methods.
  • Chemical coagulation is a common method for treating printing and dyeing wastewater and was once considered to be one of the most effective and economical decolorization techniques.
  • the chemical oxidation method is one of the main methods for decolorization of printing and dyeing wastewater. It is the use of various oxidation methods to destroy the dyeing chromophores and decolorize them. According to the oxidant and oxidation conditions, the chemical oxidation method can be divided into an ozone oxidation method and a deep oxidation method.
  • photochemical catalytic oxidation as a deep oxidation technology for degrading organic matter has developed rapidly in recent years.
  • Electrochemical method is to purify printing and dyeing wastewater by electrode reaction.
  • Micro-electrolysis is an electrochemical technique that uses iron-carbon fillers to form a myriad of tiny primary cells to treat wastewater. It is a combination of physical and chemical interactions such as electrolysis, coagulation, electrocoagulation, and adsorption.
  • Wastewater treatment method In the process of treating printing and dyeing wastewater, the dye molecules are first adsorbed to the surface of the carbon and then oxidized or reduced at the two poles.
  • Electrodes can also be used for electrolysis.
  • Jia Jinping Jia Jinping, Shen Zhemin, Wang Wenhua, Current Status and Progress of Dye-containing Wastewater Treatment Methods, 2000, 191: 26-29
  • activated carbon fiber as electrode for electrical conductivity, adsorption, catalysis, redox and air flotation
  • the one-stop process of adsorption-electrode reaction-flocculation desorption is realized, the decolorization rate is 98%, and the COD Cr removal rate is more than 80%.
  • Yan Bin et al. Yan Bin, Fu Haiyan, Chai Tian, et al.
  • Chinese patent ZL 200910112879.8 Disclosed a printing and dyeing advanced treatment wastewater device and method, after the printing and dyeing wastewater is biochemically treated, the secondary sedimentation tank wastewater is filtered by a nano catalytic microelectrolysis and filtered through a reverse osmosis membrane, and the dialysate recycling method is mainly suitable for the wastewater of the secondary settling tank.
  • COD Smaller situation. When the COD of the secondary settling tank is greater than 300, the application still has certain limitations.
  • activated carbon has a good adsorption effect
  • activated carbon regeneration is difficult and costly, which limits its application.
  • Many companies have turned to other inexpensive, readily available adsorbents.
  • the electrolysis method and the oxidation method have certain effects in removing the chromaticity of the printing and dyeing wastewater, they are often COD removal is not ideal, and the cost of treating chemicals is relatively high. Many new oxidation methods are still in the experimental research stage and are not industrialized.
  • printing and dyeing is a typical fine chemical product. It has the characteristics of small batch and multiple varieties. Its structure is complex and the production process is long. From raw materials to finished products, it is often accompanied by nitrification, condensation, reduction, oxidation, diazotization, coupling, etc. Unit operation, many by-products, low product yield, complex organic components of wastewater, chemical reaction process of printing and dyeing, separation, refining, washing and other processes are all based on water, and the water consumption is very large.
  • the conventional method is to combine the various treatment methods, and there are defects such as long process flow, high running cost, unstable water quality, and the treated sewage reaches the level 2 discharge standard. Since this kind of discharged wastewater has been treated by biochemical, chemical, physicochemical and other methods, the physical and chemical properties are very stable, and subsequent decolorization and purification is very difficult, and the general method is difficult to further decolorize and purify it. Advanced treatment of wastewater discharges will also have a long-term impact on the environment. On the other hand, the current fresh water resources are becoming more and more tense, and the contradiction of water supply is becoming more and more prominent. If the wastewater can be recycled and reused, it will not only greatly reduce the impact on the environment, but also save a lot of fresh water resources and greatly reduce the printing and dyeing enterprises. Water consumption indicators and wastewater discharge indicators.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method based on nano-catalytic electrolysis technology and lamination for the problems of large wastewater discharge, high recycling cost, low efficiency and serious waste of water resources in the existing printing and dyeing wastewater treatment method.
  • the technology is combined with the traditional treatment technology of printing and dyeing wastewater, the cost is lower, the efficiency is higher, and the printing and dyeing wastewater is recycled and reused in the secondary sedimentation tank after biochemical treatment.
  • Printing and dyeing wastewater recycling device based on electrolysis and lamination technology.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a recycling process for printing and dyeing wastewater based on electrolysis and lamination techniques.
  • the printing and dyeing wastewater recycling device based on the electrolysis and laminating technology of the invention has:
  • Nano-catalytic electrolysis system is used in nano-catalytic electrolysis, sedimentation and other processing steps.
  • the nano-catalytic electrolysis system is provided with a shut-off valve, a water supply pump, a nano catalytic electrolysis machine and a sedimentation tank; the inlet of the shut-off valve is externally connected to the discharge of dyeing wastewater.
  • the inlet of the water supply pump is connected to the outlet of the shut-off valve, the outlet of the water supply pump is connected to the inlet of the nano-catalytic electrolysis machine, the outlet of the nano-catalytic electrolysis machine is connected to the inlet of the precipitation tank, and the outlet of the precipitation tank is passed through the shut-off valve and the immersion ultrafiltration membrane filtration separation system.
  • Join Join.
  • Immersion ultrafiltration membrane filtration separation system immersion ultrafiltration membrane filtration separation system is used to filter and separate the dialysate (water) and concentrate from the nanometer catalytic electrolysis system, and the immersion ultrafiltration membrane filtration separation system There are globe valve, immersion ultrafiltration membrane tank, blower, aerator, ultrafiltration membrane system, suction pump and dialysate (water) storage tank.
  • the dyeing and purification wastewater obtained by nano catalytic electrolysis system enters the immersion through the inlet pipe and the shut-off valve.
  • Ultrafiltration membrane tank ultrafiltration membrane immersed in the printing and dyeing purification wastewater in the immersion ultrafiltration membrane tank
  • the suction pump sucks the water negative pressure from the inside of the ultrafiltration membrane through the membrane wall, and the generated dialysate (water) passes
  • the suction pump collects the dialysate (water) storage tank for recirculating reclaimed water through reverse osmosis filtration.
  • the inlet of the shut-off valve is connected to the outlet of the nano-catalytic electrolysis system sedimentation tank, and the outlet of the shut-off valve is connected to the immersion ultrafiltration membrane tank.
  • the inlet of the submerged ultrafiltration membrane tank is sequentially passed through a suction pump and a shut-off valve into a dialysate (water) storage tank.
  • the ultrafiltration membrane cleaning system is used to clean the ultrafiltration membrane filtration separation system.
  • the ultrafiltration membrane cleaning system is provided with a cleaning liquid tank, a backwashing pump, a shut-off valve and a connecting pipe, and the outlet of the cleaning liquid tank is backwashed.
  • the inlet of the pump, the outlet of the backwash pump is connected to the inlet of the shut-off valve, and the outlet of the shut-off valve is connected to the ultrafiltration membrane system.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane filtration separation system is used for filtering and separating the dialysate (water) and the concentrate by filtering the ultrafiltration membrane system.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane filtration separation system is provided with a shut-off valve, a membrane system water supply pump, a security filter, a membrane system high pressure pump, a reverse osmosis membrane system, and a dialysate (water) tank.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane filtration and separation system passes the ultrafiltration-filtered and purified wastewater to the reverse filtration membrane separation system by high pressure pump, and the dialysate (water) and concentrate, dialysate (water) are separated by reverse osmosis membrane filtration.
  • the water is returned to the storage tank; a part of the concentrated liquid is refluxed by the concentrated liquid booster pump for separation by circulating membrane filtration, and a part of the reflux is recycled into the nano catalytic electrolysis process, and the excess is discharged.
  • the inlet of the shut-off valve is connected to the immersion ultrafiltration membrane filtration separation system.
  • the outlet of the dialysate (water) storage tank is purified.
  • the outlet of the shut-off valve is sequentially passed through the membrane system water supply pump, shut-off valve, security filter and membrane system high pressure pump to enter the reverse osmosis.
  • the membrane system, the dialysate (water) outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane system is connected to the inlet of the dialysate (water) tank via a shut-off valve.
  • Reverse osmosis membrane filtration recovery cycle system is a system for recycling reverse osmosis membrane filtration concentrate, and is provided with a reflux concentrate booster pump and a shut-off valve.
  • the concentrated liquid outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane system is recirculated to the inlet of the reflux concentrate booster pump, and is pumped into the reverse osmosis membrane filtration separation system; the concentrate outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane system is recirculated through the valve and connected to the nano catalytic tank. .
  • the reverse osmosis membrane cleaning and regeneration system is used for cleaning the reverse osmosis membrane filtration and separation system.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane cleaning and regeneration system is provided with a cleaning liquid tank, a backwashing pump, a shut-off valve and a connecting pipe.
  • the inlet of the cleaning liquid tank is connected to the concentrated water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane system via a shut-off valve.
  • the outlet of the cleaning liquid tank is connected to the concentrated water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane system via a shut-off valve, and the other outlet of the cleaning liquid tank passes through the shut-off valve.
  • the water supply pump outlet is connected via a backwash pump and a shut-off valve film system.
  • the printing and dyeing wastewater recycling method based on electrolysis and lamination technology of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • nano-catalytic electrolysis machine After printing and dyeing wastewater is extracted by water supply pump, it is input into the nano-catalytic electrolysis machine.
  • the nano-catalyzed electrolyzed water directly enters the precipitation tank.
  • the ultra-filtration membrane system After sedimentation, the ultra-filtration membrane system is used to remove chlorine and solid impurities and plankton from the nano-catalytic electrolysis.
  • Bacteria and colloids can be used to purify wastewater, and the SDI should be less than 5.
  • the nano catalytic catalytic electrolysis has an operating voltage of 2 to 18 V, an optimum voltage of 3 to 8 V, a current density of 10 to 300 mA/cm 2 , an optimum current density of 50 to 210 mA/cm 2 , and a chlorination.
  • the sodium dyeing treatment wastewater is subjected to nano-catalytic electrolysis to produce nascent chlorine [Cl] and then flows into the sedimentation tank.
  • the use of nano-catalytic electrolysis has the following outstanding effects: (1) The nascent chlorine [Cl] produced by nano-catalytic electrolysis kills the microorganisms in the wastewater, and the microorganisms in the wastewater are reduced to less than 30/ml, eliminating the microbial membrane material. Pollution.
  • the printing and dyeing wastewater may have a sodium chloride content of 0.6% to 5.0%. It is preferably 0.06% to 0.13%. When the content of sodium chloride is insufficient, industrial sodium chloride may be added to 0.6% to 5.0%.
  • the immersed ultrafiltration membrane filtration separation system can remove solid impurities, plankton, bacteria, colloids and the like in the waste water, and the immersion membrane adopts an external pressure open filtration design, and can be directly immersed in the waste water, so the system accounts for The area is small.
  • the working conditions are: normal temperature ⁇ 45 ° C, working pressure is 3 ⁇ 50 kPa.
  • the membrane filtration separation system is one of a reverse osmosis membrane filtration separation system, a nanofiltration membrane filtration separation system, and the like.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane of the reverse osmosis membrane filtration system is a reverse osmosis membrane with a sodium chloride rejection rate of 98%
  • the membrane module has a structure of a coil membrane module or a tubular membrane module, and the working condition is: normal temperature ⁇ 45 ° C , working pressure is 7 ⁇ 35 kPa.
  • the nanofiltration membrane of the nanofiltration membrane filtration and separation system is a nanofiltration membrane with a magnesium sulfate rejection rate of 98%
  • the membrane module is a wound membrane module or a tubular membrane module
  • the working condition is: normal temperature ⁇ 45 ° C, working
  • the pressure is 3-20 kPa.
  • the invention overcomes the defects of excessive cost, overcomes the unsatisfactory effect of the wastewater treatment, pollutes the environment and defects of the discharged wastewater, and can turn the decay into a sigh. Turning waste into resources, the existing printing and dyeing advanced treatment wastewater purification and recycling and recycling, has the following outstanding advantages:
  • High water recovery rate and low cost Water recovery rate is as high as 60% to 80%
  • the discharge waste water is small, the energy consumption is low, the operation cost is lower than the cost of the traditional biochemical end-end membrane filtration treatment technology, and the cost per ton of water (return water) is much lower than the current tap water price;
  • the color of the secondary sedimentation tank is 200 When processed by a nano catalytic electrolysis machine, the chromaticity is less than 32;
  • Biofouling of membrane eradication It can kill bacteria in wastewater, eradicate biofouling of membrane, greatly reduce the number of membrane cleaning, reduce membrane cleaning and regeneration cost, improve membrane use efficiency, prolong membrane life and reduce membrane replacement cost;
  • the nano-catalytic electrolysis technology replaces the physical and chemical treatment process of the secondary sedimentation tank wastewater treatment process without adding chemical substances such as flocculating agent, decolorizing agent and air flotation agent, which not only saves cost, but also saves material consumption and does not cause secondary pollution;
  • Substantially reducing sludge Adoption of the present invention
  • the nano-catalytic electrolysis technology is used instead of the physicochemical process after the effluent from the secondary settling tank.
  • No chemical substances such as flocculating agent and decolorizing agent are added, and the sludge is only one-half of the conventional technology;
  • the COD range of the applicable wastewater is wider, and the COD of the secondary sedimentation tank wastewater should be less than 300 when the nano catalytic electrolysis + membrane filtration separation treatment method is used to treat the dyeing and deep treatment wastewater.
  • Mg/L when the COD exceeds 300 mg/L, abnormality may occur.
  • the COD of the secondary settling tank wastewater may be less than 500 mg/L.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a printing and dyeing wastewater recycling device based on electrolysis and lamination technology according to the present invention.
  • the invention is a design for purifying and recycling the deep-process printing and dyeing wastewater after the in-depth systematic comparative study on the composition, properties and existing treatment schemes of the existing advanced treatment printing and dyeing wastewater, which adopts nano catalytic electrolysis and precipitation.
  • the combination of immersion ultrafiltration membrane filtration and reverse osmosis membrane filtration forms a purification and reclaimed water reuse method which is particularly suitable for the deep treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater.
  • the embodiment of the printing and dyeing wastewater recycling device based on the electrolysis and lamination technology of the present invention is provided with:
  • Nano Catalytic Electrolysis System is used for nano catalytic electrolysis, precipitation and other processing steps.
  • Nano catalytic electrolysis system with shut-off valve 11 Water supply pump 12 , nano catalytic electrolysis machine 13 , sedimentation tank 14 ; the inlet of the shut-off valve 11 is connected to the discharge port of the printing and dyeing wastewater (second settling tank), the inlet of the water supply pump 12 is connected to the outlet of the shut-off valve 11 , the water supply pump The outlet of 12 is connected to the inlet of the nano catalytic electrolysis machine 13, and the outlet of the nano catalytic electrolytic tank 13 is connected to the inlet of the precipitation tank 14.
  • Immersion ultrafiltration membrane filtration separation system The immersion ultrafiltration membrane filtration separation system is used for filtering and separating the printing and dyeing wastewater obtained by the nano catalytic electrolysis system to obtain dialysate (water) and concentrate.
  • the inlet is connected to the outlet of the precipitation tank 14 of the nano catalytic electrolysis system, the outlet of the shut-off valve 21 is connected to the inlet of the submerged ultrafiltration membrane tank 25, and the outlet of the submerged ultrafiltration membrane tank 25 is sequentially passed through the water pump 26 and the shut-off valve. 27 Enter the dialysate (water) tank 28 .
  • Ultrafiltration membrane cleaning system Ultrafiltration membrane cleaning system for cleaning ultrafiltration membrane filtration separation system, with cleaning fluid tank 31, backwash pump 32 , shut-off valve 33.
  • the outlet of the cleaning fluid tank 31 is connected to the inlet of the backwashing pump 32
  • the outlet of the backwashing pump 32 is connected to the inlet of the shut-off valve 33
  • the outlet of the shut-off valve 33 is connected to the ultrafiltration membrane system 22 .
  • Reverse osmosis membrane filtration separation system The reverse osmosis membrane filtration separation system is used for filtering and separating the dialysate (water) and the concentrate by filtering the ultrafiltration membrane system.
  • Reverse osmosis membrane filtration separation system with shut-off valve 41
  • Membrane system water supply pump 42, shut-off valve 43, safety filter 44, membrane system high pressure pump 45, reverse osmosis membrane system 46, shut-off valve 47 and dialysate (water) tank 48 Reverse osmosis membrane filtration separation system with shut-off valve 41
  • Membrane system water supply pump 42, shut-off valve 43, safety filter 44, membrane system high pressure pump 45, reverse osmosis membrane system 46, shut-off valve 47 and dialysate (water) tank 48 Reverse osmosis membrane filtration separation system with shut-off valve 41
  • Shut-off valve 41 inlet immersion ultrafiltration membrane filtration separation system dialysate (water) storage tank 28 purification wastewater outlet, the outlet of the shut-off valve 41 through the membrane system water supply pump 42 , shut-off valve 43 , security filter 44
  • the membrane system high pressure pump 45 enters the reverse osmosis membrane system 46.
  • the dialysate (water) outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane system 46 is connected to the inlet of the dialysate (water) tank 48 via a shut-off valve 47.
  • Reverse osmosis membrane filtration recovery circulation system is a system for recycling the reverse osmosis membrane filtration concentrate.
  • Reverse osmosis membrane filtration recovery system with reflux concentrate booster pump 51, valve 52, shut-off valve 53, valve 54.
  • the inlet of the reflux concentrate booster pump is connected to the concentrate outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane system 46, and the outlet of the reflux concentrate booster pump is connected to the reverse osmosis membrane system 46
  • the inlet of the concentrated solution of the reverse osmosis membrane system is passed through the valve 52, the shut-off valve 53 , and the valve 54 is recirculated to the nano catalytic electrolytic tank 13 for reuse.
  • Reverse osmosis membrane cleaning and regeneration system is used for cleaning reverse osmosis membrane filtration separation system.
  • Reverse osmosis membrane cleaning and regeneration system is equipped with shut-off valve 61, cleaning fluid tank 62, shut-off valve 63, and shut-off valve 64 , backwash pump 65, shutoff valve 66.
  • the inlet of the cleaning fluid tank 62 is connected to the reverse osmosis membrane system via a shut-off valve 61.
  • the dialysate (water) outlet the outlet of the cleaning fluid tank 62 is passed through a shut-off valve 63 Valve 52 is connected to reverse osmosis membrane system 46 Concentrated water outlet, the other outlet of cleaning fluid tank 62 passes through the shut-off valve 64, all the way through backwash pump 65 and shut-off valve 66 membrane system water supply pump 42 Export.
  • Serial number project unit measured value Serial number project unit measured value 1 COD Cr Mg/L 430 5 Salt content ⁇ 6.6 2 SS Mg/L 115 6 pH 8.1 3 Turbidity NTU 9 7 Conductivity ⁇ S/cm 7350 4 Chroma 70
  • nano-catalytic electrolytic tank 13 150 tons of dyeing and advanced wastewater treatment by water supply pump 12 After being extracted at a flow rate of 7.5T/h, input into nano-catalytic electrolytic tank 13 In the middle, the nano-catalyzed electrolyzed water directly enters the precipitation tank 14, neutralizes the precipitate, and removes solid impurities, plankton, bacteria, colloids in the water to purify the wastewater through the ultrafiltration membrane system.
  • the nano catalytic electrolysis has an operating voltage of 8 to 9 V and a current intensity of 500 to 510 A.
  • the initial ecological chlorine produced by nano-catalytic micro-electrolysis [Cl] Killing microorganisms in wastewater, oxidizing and decomposing organic matter in wastewater, and causing suspended solids, colloids and charged particles in wastewater to form larger particles under the action of electric field, and then removing them by immersion ultrafiltration membrane filtration separation system to purify wastewater.
  • the SDI is 1.9.
  • the purified wastewater purified by the nano catalytic electrolysis unit and the immersion ultrafiltration membrane filtration separation system passes through the shut-off valve 41 Thereafter, the membrane system water supply pump 42, the shutoff valve 43, the safety filter 44, and the high pressure pump 45 are pumped into the reverse osmosis membrane system 46, and the dialysate (water) passes through the tee and the shutoff valve. It is stored in a dialysate (water) storage tank 48, and is hydrated to the clean water storage tank 62 via a three-way and shut-off valve 61.
  • the membrane module of the reverse osmosis membrane filtration system is a reverse osmosis membrane module with a sodium chloride rejection rate of 98%, and the working conditions are: 32 to 35 ° C, the working pressure is 9 to 12 kPa, and the membrane flux is At 20 mL/cm 2 , the flow rates of the concentrate and dialysate were 4.7 T/h and 4.9 T/h, respectively, and the concentrate was refluxed at a flow rate of 1.4 T/h through a reflux concentrate booster pump 51 to 0.7 T/h. The flow rate flows out through the valve 52 and the shut-off valve 53.
  • Serial number project unit measured value Serial number project unit measured value 1 COD Cr Mg/L 9 4 Chroma 1 2 SS Mg/L not detected 5 pH 6.7 3 Turbidity NTU 0.8 6 Conductivity ⁇ S/cm 10
  • Serial number project unit measured value Serial number project unit measured value 1 COD Cr Mg/L 136 5 Salt content ⁇ 3.7 2 SS Mg/L 35 6 pH 8.5 3 Turbidity NTU 2 7 Conductivity ⁇ S/cm 9100 4 Chroma 30
  • Serial number project unit measured value Serial number project unit measured value 1 COD Cr Mg/L 156 5 Salt content ⁇ 3.1 2 SS Mg/L 60 6 pH 8.3 3 Turbidity NTU 8 7 Conductivity ⁇ S/cm 7100 4 Chroma 200
  • the dyeing and deep treatment waste water is pumped through the water supply pump 12 at a flow rate of 150T/h, and then input into the nano catalytic electrolytic tank 13 In the middle, the nano-catalyzed electrolyzed water directly enters the precipitation tank 14, neutralizes the precipitate, and removes solid impurities, plankton, bacteria, colloids in the water to purify the wastewater through the ultrafiltration membrane system.
  • the printing and dyeing advanced treatment wastewater has a low salt content
  • the industrial salt is first added to adjust the salt content to 12.5 ⁇ .
  • the working voltage of nano catalytic electrolysis is 5 ⁇ 6V
  • the current intensity is 1560 ⁇ 1580A
  • the SDI is 1.6.
  • the purified wastewater purified by the nano catalytic electrolysis unit and the immersion ultrafiltration membrane filtration separation unit passes through the shut-off valve 41 After that, the membrane system water supply pump 42 , the shutoff valve 43 , the security filter 44 and the membrane system high pressure pump 45 are pumped into the nanofiltration membrane system 46
  • the concentrated solution and dialysate are filtered.
  • the flow rates of the concentrate and dialysate were 73.5 T/h and 127.5 T/h, respectively.
  • the dialysate passes through the three-way and shut-off valve at a flow rate of 127.5 T/h.
  • the dialysate (water) storage tank 48 It is stored in the dialysate (water) storage tank 48, and is replenished to the clean water storage tank 62 through the three-way and shut-off valve 61; the concentrated liquid is recirculated through the reflux concentrated liquid booster pump at a flow rate of 26 T/h.
  • the flow rate of 25.0T/h is re-used through the valve 52, the shut-off valve 53 and the valve 54 back into the nano-catalytic electrolytic tank 13, and the remaining is discharged at 22.5T/h.
  • the recovery rate of wastewater is 85%
  • the quality of recycled water is shown in Table 5, and the indicators of concentrated wastewater are shown in Table 6.
  • the nanofiltration membrane module of the nanofiltration membrane system is a nanofiltration membrane membrane group with a magnesium sulfate rejection rate of 98%, and the working conditions are: 20-25 ° C, working pressure is 6.5-8.0 kPa, membrane The flux is 26ml/cm 2 .
  • Serial number project unit measured value Serial number project unit measured value 1 COD Cr Mg/L 10 4 Chroma 3 2 SS Mg/L not detected 5 pH 7.7 3 Turbidity NTU 1 6 hardness Mmmol/l 1.7
  • Serial number project unit measured value Serial number project unit measured value 1 COD Cr Mg/L 75 4 Salt content ⁇ 11.5 2 SS Mg/L 50 5 pH 8.2 3 Turbidity NTU 2.6 6 Conductivity ⁇ S/cm 11200
  • the printing and dyeing wastewater treatment purification and water reuse equipment as shown in Table 7 by measuring the printing and dyeing depth of printing and dyeing wastewater.
  • Serial number project unit measured value Serial number project unit measured value 1 COD Cr Mg/L 391 4 Salt content ⁇ 0.9 2 SS Mg/L 190 5 pH 7.7 3 Turbidity NTU 8.4 6 Conductivity ⁇ S/cm 8100
  • the dyeing and deep treatment waste water is pumped through the water supply pump 12 at a flow rate of 300T/h, and then input into the nano catalytic electrolytic tank 13 In the middle, the nano-catalyzed electrolyzed water directly enters the precipitation tank 14 , and after being precipitated, the immersed ultrafiltration membrane system 22 removes solid impurities, plankton, bacteria and colloids in the water to purify the wastewater.
  • the printing and dyeing advanced treatment wastewater has a low salt content, and the working voltage of the nano catalytic electrolysis is 16-18V, and the current intensity is 3760. ⁇ 3800A.
  • Primitive chlorine produced by nano catalytic electrolysis [Cl] Killing microorganisms in wastewater, oxidizing and decomposing organic matter in wastewater, and causing suspended solids, colloids and charged particles in wastewater to form larger particles under the action of electric field, and then removing water to purify wastewater through immersion ultrafiltration membrane filtration and separation system. Determination The SDI is 3.1.
  • the purified wastewater purified by the nano catalytic electrolysis unit and the immersion ultrafiltration membrane filtration separation unit passes through the shut-off valve 41 Thereafter, the membrane system water supply pump 42, the shutoff valve 43, the safety filter 44, and the membrane system high pressure pump 45 are pumped into the reverse osmosis membrane system 46 to filter the concentrate and the dialysate.
  • Dialysate at 195T/h The flow rate is stored in the dialysate (water) storage tank 48 through the three-way and shut-off valve 47, and is supplied to the clean water storage tank 62 through the three-way and shut-off valve 61; the concentrated liquid is 90 T/h.
  • the flow rate is recirculated through the reflux concentrate booster pump 51, and flows back to the nano catalytic electrolytic tank through the valve 52, the shutoff valve 53 and the valve 54 at a flow rate of 100 T/h. Reuse in the middle, and the remaining emissions are 105T/h.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane filtration system is a reverse osmosis membrane membrane group with a sodium chloride rejection rate of 98%, and the working conditions are: 18 to 21 ° C, the working pressure is 15 to 17 kPa, and the membrane flux is 20 ml. / cm 2 , the recovery rate of wastewater is 65%, the quality of recycled water is shown in Table 8, and the indicators of concentrated wastewater are shown in Table 9.
  • Serial number project unit measured value Serial number project unit measured value 1 COD Cr Mg/L 8 4 Chroma 1 2 SS Mg/L not detected 5 pH 6.9 3 Turbidity NTU 0.7 6 Conductivity ⁇ S/cm 8
  • Serial number project unit measured value Serial number project unit measured value 1 COD Cr Mg/L 83 5 Salt content ⁇ 2.7 2 SS Mg/L 55 6 pH 8.5 3 Turbidity NTU 3 7 Conductivity ⁇ S/cm 6500 4 Chroma 30
  • the COD range of the applicable wastewater is wider, and the COD of the secondary sedimentation tank wastewater should be less than 300 when the nano catalytic electrolysis + membrane filtration separation treatment method is used to treat the dyeing and deep treatment wastewater.
  • Mg/L when the COD exceeds 300 mg/L, abnormality may occur.
  • the COD of the secondary settling tank wastewater may be less than 500 mg/L. The invention has good industrial applicability.

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Description

基于电解和复膜技术的印染废水循环利用装置及其方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种印染废水处理及循环利用方法，特别是涉及一种基于纳米催化电解技术和复膜技术集成的印染深度处理废水处理及循环利用的方法。
背景技术
纺织工业通常包括纺织、印染、化纤、服装和纺织专用设备制造等 5 大组成部分。随着国民经济的快速发展，印染业也进入了高速发展期，设备和技术水平明显提升，生产工艺和设备不断更新换代，印染企业发展十分迅速，到目前为止，仅中国就有规模以上印染企业 2000 多家。印染工艺指在生产过程中对各类纺织材料纤维、纱线、织物进行物理和化学处理的总称，包括对纺织材料的前处理、染色、印花和后整理过程，统称为印染工艺。 当前，纺织技术的发展以生产生态纺织品和绿色制造技术为引导，从工艺、助剂、设备等多渠道着手，抓住源头，注重生产过程中每一个环节的生态问题，努力优化纺织工艺，减少化学药剂、水、能源的消耗，以达到高效、高速、环保的目的。国内外已投入较大力量开发环保型染料助剂，节水、节能、减排新工艺和新设备，在无水和少水印染技术方面，涂料印染方面以及纺织节能、节水实用新型技术等方面都有较大的发展。尽管纺织印染行业的节水和废水处理技术得到快速发展 , 但是 , 纺织印染废水仍然是我国工业系统中重点污染源之一，据国家环保总局统计，印染行业排放的印染废水总量位于全国各工业部门排放总量的第五位。 印染废水作为环境重要污染源的特点，首先是污染量大，目前，世界印染年产量约为 80 ～ 90 万吨，中国印染年产量达 15 万吨，位居世界前列，在印染的生产和使用中约有 10% ～ 15% 的印染组分随废水排入环境。中国的印染工业和纺织印染业发达，印染废水对环境的污染更为严重， 2004 年全行业排水量 13.6 亿立方米，而其污染物排放总量以 COD 计则位于各工业部门第六位。 第二是作为环境污染物的印染种类多、结构复杂。全世界使用的合成印染达 3 万多种， 80% 以上的印染为含偶氮键、多聚芳香环的复杂有机化合物。印染工业是化学工业中环境污染极其严重的产业之一，印染废水色度大；有机物浓度高，组分复杂；难生物降解物质多；含有大量的无机盐、硫化物等，属于难处理的工业废水。由于印染分子具有复杂的芳香烃分子结构而更加难于去除，这些结构本身在设计制造时便是为了在水环境或在光照和有氧化剂的条件下稳定存在。第三是多数印染为有毒难降解有机物，化学稳定性强，具有致癌、致畸和致突变的 ' 三致 ' 作用。废水中残存的印染组分即使浓度很低，排入水体也会造成水体透光率降低，导致水体生态系统的破坏。因此，对印染废水进行有效的处理成为重要的课题。
印染废水的水质具有污染物浓度高、种类多、含有毒有害成分及色度高等特点，目前国内外在这类废水处理中常用的处理方法主要有物理法、化学法、生物法等多种处理技术。
1 ． 物理法
主要包括吸附气浮法、膜分离法、超声波气振法、蒸馏法等方法。在物理处理法中应用最多的是吸附法。目前，国外主要采用活性炭吸附法，该法对去除水中溶解性有机物非常有效，但它不能去除水中的胶体和疏水性印染，对阳离子印染、直接印染、酸性印染、活性印染等水溶性印染具有较好的吸附性能。吸附气浮法就是首先用一些高度分散的粉状无机吸附剂如膨润土、高岭土等吸附废水中的印染离子和其他可溶性物质，然后加入气浮剂，将其转变为疏水性颗粒，通过气浮除去，对酸性印染、阳离子印染和直接印染等去除率达到 92% 以上。
应用于印染废水处理的膜技术主要有超过滤和反渗透。超过滤技术处理含分散印染废水脱色率为 80% ～ 97% ， TOC 去除率为 60% ～ 85% 。反渗透法溶解固体的去除率达到 85% ～ 99% ，印染平均回收率为 75% ～ 85% 。
可以通过控制超声波的频率和饱和气体，使超声波技术成为废水处理的有效方法。张家港市九州精细化工厂用根据超声波气振技术设计的 FBZ 废水处理设备处理印染废水，色度平均去除率为 97% ， CODCr 去除率为 90.6% ，总污染负荷削减率为 85.9% 。
2 ． 化学法
化学法主要包括化学混凝法、化学氧化法、光化学催化氧化法、电化学法等方法。化学混凝法是处理印染废水的常用方法，曾被认为是最有效、最经济的脱色技术之一。化学氧化法是印染废水脱色的主要方法之一，是利用各种氧化手段将印染发色基团破坏而脱色。按氧化剂和氧化条件的不同，可将化学氧化法分为臭氧氧化法、深度氧化法。此外，光化学催化氧化法作为一种降解有机物的深度氧化技术近几年来发展迅速。张桂兰（张桂兰，染料污水在开放式旋转光催化反应器中的降解，纺织学报，2005，263：109-111） 使用这种方法降解印染废水取得很好的脱色效果。电化学法是通过电极反应使印染废水得到净化。微电解法是利用铁-炭填料在电解质溶液中腐蚀形成无数微小的原电池来处理废水的电化学技术，它是一种集电解、混凝、电絮凝、吸附等多种物理化学作用于一体的废水处理方法。在处理印染废水过程中，印染分子先被吸附到炭表面，然后在两极发生氧化或还原反应。也可利用电极进行电解。贾金平等（贾金平，申哲民，王文华，含染料废水处理方法的现状与进展，2000，191：26-29）用活性炭纤维作电极利用电极的导电、吸附、催化、氧化还原和气浮等综合性能实现了吸附-电极反应-絮凝脱附一条龙工艺，脱色率达98%，CODCr 去除率大于80%。 严滨等（严滨、傅海燕、柴天，等 . 微电解在处理印染废水中的应用研究，厦门理工学院学报,2008,16(1)：18-22）研究了铁碳电极的微电解技术对棉系列及化纤混纺机织物产生的废水的脱色及CODCr 除去效果，在铁碳质量比为2∶1，HRT为1. 5h时，COD 去除率高达 55%， 色度去除率为95%, BOD/COD从0. 3提高到约0.5；罗旌生等(罗旌生、曾抗美、左晶荣，等. 水处理技术,2005,31(11):67-70) 利用循环铁碳微电解法对含有染料、染料中间体和助剂等生产废水进行研究，结果证明：原水pH对处理效果影响很大。pH在1～5范围内，pH越低处理效果越好，pH为1时COD去除率在60%左右，色度去除率在94%以上；邓喜红等（邓喜红、王超.环境科学与管理,2008,33(3):120-122 ） 对污染物含量高、浓度波动幅度大、偏碱性、色度高、难生化的印染废水采用微电解+物化+生化处理，该工艺连续运行3个月，结果表明该工艺运行稳定、投资少、处理成本低(每吨的处理费用约为0. 765元)，COD、BOD、SS和色度的去除率分别在94%、96%、89%、96%以上，出水水质各项指标均达到排放标准；EpolitoW illiam J,HanbaeYang等将RB4(Reactive Blue4)废水采用微电解法进行研究，实验结果表明，脱色率随着pH的降低和搅拌强度、实验温度以及离子强度的增加而逐渐提高。同时还有其它许多采用电化学法处理含印染废水的报道。
3 ． 生化法
印染废水可生化性差，若想采用生化法处理，则可以通过提高活性污泥 MLSS 和改善污泥活性生化性能或选用高效菌种来提高生化效果。其中选育和培养优良脱色菌群是生化法的一个重要发展方向。国外已进行了利用诱变育种、原生质体融合、基因工程等技术，组建带有多个质粒的高效印染脱色工程菌的研究。近年来的研究表明，假单胞细菌、浮游球衣菌、节杆菌、枯草菌、氧化酵母菌等优势菌对印染降解有相当的效果。
近年来，将化学法和物理法结合的印染废水处理方法或将生化处理和物理的印染废水处理方法得到较快发展。中国专利 ZL 200710008643.0 公开一种基于膜技术的印染废水处理方法，它是将化学絮凝沉淀、生化处理与反渗透分离技术结合起来的印染废水处理方法。中国专利 ZL 200910112879.8 公开一种印染深度处理废水装置及方法，将印染废水经生化处理后，二沉池的废水经纳米催化微电解并经反渗透膜过滤，透析液循环利用的方法，主要适合二沉池的废水的 COD 较小的情形。对于二沉池的废水的 COD 大于 300 时，应用仍有一定的局限。
虽然上述各种方法都具有良好的处理效果，但也存在以下问题。
在物化方面，活性炭虽然具有吸附效果好的特点，但活性炭再生困难，成本高，使其应用受到限制。许多企业分别转向其他价格便宜、材料易得的吸附剂。虽然电解法、氧化法在去除印染废水的色度有一定的效果，但往往 COD 去除并不理想，处理药剂的成本也相对较高，许多新型的氧化手段还处在实验研究阶段，并未工业化。
在生化方面，印染是典型的精细化工产品，具有小批量，多品种的特点，其结构复杂，生产流程长，从原料到成品往往伴随有硝化、缩合、还原、氧化、重氮化、偶合等单元操作，副产品多，产品收率低，废水有机物成分复杂，印染生产化学反应过程和分离、精制、水洗等工序操作都是以水为溶剂，用水量很大。生化法处理印染废水虽然有投资少的优点，但是仍存在微生物难适应印染废水、水质波动大、毒性大等缺点，且存在污泥处置、厌氧段的沼气处理以及管理复杂等问题。此外，虽然采用铁碳作为电极的微电解方法，在处理印染废水方面取得进展，但是铁碳消耗带来大量沉淀，使处理后的废水难以利用，只能达到排放标准。
印染废水处理采用单一的处理方法往往很难达到预期的效果。常规的方法是将各处理方法进行组合，存在工艺流程长、运行成本高、出水质量不稳定等缺陷，处理后的污水多达到2级排放标准。由于这种排放废水分别经过了生化、化学、物化等多种方法处理，理化性质十分稳定，后续脱色净化非常困难，一般的方法都难以对其进行进一步的脱色净化，这种达到2级排放的深度处理废水的排放对环境还将造成长期的影响。另一方面，当前淡水资源越来越紧张，供水矛盾日益突出，如能将印染深度处理废水进行循环利用，不仅大幅减轻了对环境的影响，而且节省了大量淡水资源和大幅度降低印染企业的水消耗指标和废水排放指标。
 技术问题
本发明的目的在于针对现有的印染废水处理方法中所存在的废水排放量大、循环利用成本较高、效能较低和浪费水资源严重等问题，提供一种基于纳米催化电解技术、复膜技术与印染废水传统处理技术相结合，成本较低，效能较高，将印染废水经过生化处理后的二沉池废水再生重复循环利用的 基于电解和复膜技术的印染废水循环利用装置。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种基于电解和复膜技术的印染废水循环利用方法。
 技术解决方案
本发明基于电解和复膜技术的印染废水循环利用装置设有：
纳米催化电解系统：纳米催化电解系统用于纳米催化电解、沉淀等处理步骤，纳米催化电解系统设有截止阀、供水泵、纳米催化电解机和沉淀罐；截止阀的进口外接印染废水排出口，供水泵的进口接截止阀的出口，供水泵的出口接纳米催化电解机的进口，纳米催化电解机的出口接沉淀罐的进口，沉淀罐的出口经截止阀与浸没式超滤膜过滤分离系统联接。
浸没式超滤膜过滤分离系统：浸没式超滤膜过滤分离系统用于将纳米催化电解系统所得印染净化废水过滤、分离得透析液（水）和浓缩液，浸没式超滤膜过滤分离系统设有截止阀、浸没式超滤膜池、鼓风机、曝气器、超滤膜系统、抽吸泵和透析液（水）贮罐，纳米催化电解系统所得印染净化废水通过进水管和截止阀进入浸没式超滤膜池，超滤膜浸没在浸没式超滤膜池中的印染净化废水中，抽吸泵从超滤膜内侧将水负压抽吸过膜壁，产生的透析液（水）通过抽吸泵收集到透析液（水）贮罐用于进一步经过反渗透过滤得循环利用的再生水，截止阀的进口接纳米催化电解系统沉淀罐的出口，截止阀的出口接浸没式超滤膜池的进口，浸没式超滤膜池的出口依次经过抽吸泵、截止阀进入透析液（水）贮罐。
超滤膜清洗系统：超滤膜清洗系统用于清洗超滤膜过滤分离系统，超滤膜清洗系统设有清洗液罐、反冲洗泵、截止阀和联接管道，清洗液罐的出口接反冲洗泵的进口，反冲洗泵的出口接截止阀的进口，截止阀的出口接超滤膜系统。
反渗透膜过滤分离系统：反渗透膜过滤分离系统用于将超滤膜系统过滤所得印染净化废水过滤、分离得透析液（水）和浓缩液。反渗透膜过滤分离系统设有截止阀、膜系统供水泵、保安过滤器、膜系统高压泵、反渗透过滤膜系统和透析液（水）贮罐。反渗透膜过滤分离系统将超滤所得印染净化废水经保安过滤后用高压泵泵入反渗透膜过滤分离系统，经反渗透膜过滤分离得透析液（水）和浓缩液，透析液（水）进入贮罐得回用水；浓缩液一部分经过浓缩液增压泵回流进行循环膜过滤分离，一部分回流进入纳米催化电解工序循环使用，多余部分排放。截止阀的进口接浸没式超滤膜过滤分离系统透析液（水）贮罐的净化废水出口，截止阀的出口依次经膜系统供水泵、截止阀、保安过滤器和膜系统高压泵进入反渗透过滤膜系统，反渗透过滤膜系统的透析液（水）出口经截止阀接透析液（水）贮罐的进口。
反渗透膜过滤回收循环系统：反渗透膜过滤回收循环系统是用于将反渗透膜过滤浓缩液进行回用的系统，设有回流浓缩液增压泵、截止阀。反渗透过滤膜系统的浓缩液出口一路回流接回流浓缩液增压泵入口，泵入反渗透膜过滤分离系统；反渗透过滤膜系统的浓缩液出口另一路经阀门回流接纳米催化电解罐重复利用。
反渗透膜清洗再生系统：反渗透膜清洗再生系统用于清洗反渗透膜过滤分离系统，反渗透膜清洗再生系统设有清洗液罐、反冲洗泵、截止阀和联接管道。清洗液罐的进口经截止阀接反渗透过滤膜系统浓缩水出口，清洗液罐的一路出口经截止阀接反渗透过滤膜系统浓缩水出口，清洗液罐的另一路出口经截止阀后，一路经反冲洗泵和截止阀接膜系统供水泵出口。
本发明所述基于电解和复膜技术的印染废水循环利用方法包括以下步骤：
将印染废水经供水泵提取后，输入纳米催化电解机中，纳米催化电解水直接进入沉淀罐，沉淀后经浸没超滤膜系统除去废水中因纳米催化电解产生的氯和固体杂质、浮游生物、细菌、胶体得净化废水，测定其SDI应小于5。
所述纳米催化电解相邻两极的工作电压为2～18V，最佳电压为3～8V，电流密度为10～300mA/ cm2 ，最佳电流密度为50～210 mA/ cm2 ，含氯化钠的印染深度处理废水经过纳米催化电解产生初生态的氯[Cl]后流入沉淀罐中。采用纳米催化电解具有如下突出效果：（1）用纳米催化电解产生的初生态的氯[Cl]杀灭废水中微生物，使废水中微生物活体下降到30个/ml以下，消除微生物对膜材料的污染。（2）氧化分解废水中的有机物，残留染料快速断链、分解脱色和降低 CODCr ，经过了生化、化学、物化等多种方法处理后的深度处理废水的还有较深的颜色和较高的 CODCr ，一般的化学处理方法很难进一步脱色和降低 CODCr ，在自然环境下，即使经过数十天，也不会退色。采用纳米催化电解对深度处理废水进行处理，能在2～５分钟内，使废水脱色和大幅度降低 CODCr 。（3）使废水中的悬浮物、胶体、带电微粒在电场作用下脱稳，凝聚形成较大颗粒后，经过后续的浸没式超滤膜过滤分离系统过滤去除使废水净化。（4）废水中的重金属离子向微电解罐的阴极移动，在阴极形成沉淀，从而降低废水中的重金属离子含量。（5）氧化分解废水中的氨氮，降低废水中氨氮指标。
所述印染废水的氯化钠含量可为0.6%～5.0%。，最好为0.06%～0.13%，氯化钠含量不够时可添加工业氯化钠补充至0.6%～5.0%。
所述的浸没式超滤膜过滤分离系统可去除废水中的固体杂质、浮游生物、细菌、胶体等，浸没式膜采用外压开放式过滤设计，可被直接浸入到废水中，因此系统的占地面积小。其工作条件是：常温～45℃，工作压力为3～50kPa。
所述膜过滤分离系统为反渗透膜过滤分离系统、纳滤膜过滤分离系统等中的一种。
所述反渗透膜过滤系统的反渗透膜为对氯化钠截留率为98%的反渗透膜，膜组件的结构为卷式膜组件或管式膜组件，其工作条件是：常温～45℃，工作压力为7～35 kPa。
所述纳滤膜过滤分离系统的纳滤膜为对硫酸镁截留率为98%的纳滤膜，膜组件为卷式膜组件或管式膜组件，其工作条件是：常温～45℃，工作压力为3～20 kPa。
 有益效果
本发明与单用膜过滤分离处理或吸附处理方法比较，既克服了其成本过高的缺陷，又克服了废水处理效果不理想，排放的废水污染环境和的缺陷，并且可以化腐朽为神气，变废物为资源，将现有的印染深度处理废水净化及回收再生循环利用，具有以下突出优点：
1 、水的回收率高、成本低 水的回收率高达 60% ～ 80% ，排放废水少，能耗低，运行费用低于传统生化末端加膜过滤处理技术的成本，吨水（回用水）成本远低于现行自来水价；
2 、脱色效果好 迅速氧化分解废水中的有色物质，脱色效果好。如：二沉池废水色度为 200 时，经纳米催化电解机处理后，色度小于 32 ；
3 、大幅度降低废水 COD 的总排放量 传统的生化末端加膜过滤技术，虽然可以实现部分中水回用，但不能降低废水 COD 的总排放量， 本发明 能迅速氧化分解废水中的有机物，大幅度降低废水 COD 的总排放量；
4 、根除膜的生物污染 能杀灭废水中的细菌，根除膜的生物污染，大幅度减少膜的清洗次数，降低膜清洁再生成本，提高膜的使用效率，延长膜的使用寿命，减少膜更换成本；
5 、没有二次污染 采用纳米催化电解技术对二沉池废水处理的工艺替代物化处理工艺，不用加入絮凝剂、脱色剂和气浮剂等化学物质，不仅节省成本，而且节约物质消耗和不产生二次污染；
6 、大幅度减少污泥 采用 本发明 处理废水时，在二沉池出水后采用纳米催化电解技术替代物化工艺，不用加入絮凝剂、脱色剂等化学物质，污泥只有传统技术的二分之一；
7 、占地少 生产工艺流程短，设备结构紧凑，占地少；
8 、回用水质高 再生循环水无色、无味，水质远高于 GB/T19923-2005 《城市污水再生水利用 工业用水水质》标准。
本发明与纳米催化电解+膜过滤分离处理方法比较，适用废水的COD范围更宽,纳米催化电解+膜过滤分离处理方法处理印染深度处理废水时，其二沉池废水的COD应小于300 mg/L，对于COD超过300 mg/L时，可能出现异常，本发明处理印染深度处理废水时，其二沉池废水的COD小于500 mg/L即可。
 附图说明
图 1 为本发明所述基于电解和复膜技术的印染废水循环利用装置实施例的结构组成示意图。
本发明的最佳实施方式
本发明是在对现有深度处理印染废水的成份、性质和现有处理方案进行深入系统的对比研究之后完成的对深度处理印染废水的净化和循环利用工艺的设计，它通过纳米催化电解、沉淀、浸没式超滤膜过滤、反渗透膜过滤等方法的组合运用，从而形成一种特别适合于深度处理印染废水的净化及中水回用方法。
下面实施例将结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明。
参见图 1 ，本发明所述 基于电解和复膜技术的印染废水循环利用装置实施例设有：
纳米催化电解系统：纳米催化电解系统用于纳米催化电解、沉淀等处理步骤。纳米催化电解系统设有截止阀 11 、供水泵 12 、纳米催化电解机 13 、沉淀罐 14 ；截止阀 11 的进口外接印染废水（二沉池）排出口，供水泵 12 的进口接截止阀 11 的出口，供水泵 12 的出口接纳米催化电解机 13 的进口，纳米催化电解罐 13 的出口接沉淀罐 14 的进口。
浸没式超滤膜过滤分离系统：浸没式超滤膜过滤分离系统用于将纳米催化电解系统所得印染净化废水过滤、分离得透析液（水）和浓缩液。浸没式超滤膜过滤分离系统设有截止阀 21 、超滤膜系统 22 、鼓风机 23 、曝气器 24 、浸没式超滤膜池 25 、抽吸泵 26 、截止阀 27 和透析液（水）贮罐 28 ；截止阀 21 的进口接纳米催化电解系统沉淀罐 14 的出口，截止阀 21 的出口接浸没式超滤膜池 25 的进口，浸没式超滤膜池 25 的出口依次经过水泵 26 、截止阀 27 进入透析液（水）贮罐 28 。
超滤膜清洗系统：超滤膜清洗系统用于清洗超滤膜过滤分离系统，设有清洗液罐 31 、反冲洗泵 32 、截止阀 33 。清洗液罐 31 的出口接反冲洗泵 32 的进口，反冲洗泵 32 的出口接截止阀 33 的进口，截止阀 33 的出口接超滤膜系统 22 。
反渗透膜过滤分离系统：反渗透膜过滤分离系统用于将超滤膜系统过滤所得印染净化废水过滤、分离得透析液（水）和浓缩液。反渗透膜过滤分离系统设有截止阀 41 、膜系统供水泵 42 、截止阀 43 、保安过滤器 44 、膜系统高压泵 45 、反渗透过滤膜系统 46 、截止阀 47 和透析液（水）贮罐 48 。截止阀 41 的进口接浸没式超滤膜过滤分离系统透析液（水）贮罐 28 的净化废水出口，截止阀 41 的出口依次经膜系统供水泵 42 、截止阀 43 、保安过滤器 44 和膜系统高压泵 45 进入反渗透过滤膜系统 46 ，反渗透过滤膜系统 46 的透析液（水）出口经截止阀 47 接透析液（水）贮罐 48 的进口。
反渗透膜过滤回收循环系统：反渗透膜过滤回收循环系统是用于将反渗透膜过滤浓缩液进行回用循环利用的系统。反渗透膜过滤回收系统设有回流浓缩液增压泵 51 、阀门 52 、截止阀 53 、阀门 54 。回流浓缩液增压泵的进口接反渗透过滤膜系统 46 的浓缩液出口，回流浓缩液增压泵的出口接反渗透过滤膜系统 46 的进口；反渗透过滤膜系统的浓缩液出口另一路经阀门 52 、截止阀 53 、阀门 54 回流接纳米催化电解罐 13 重复利用。
反渗透膜清洗再生系统：反渗透膜清洗再生系统用于清洗反渗透膜过滤分离系统，反渗透膜清洗再生系统设有截止阀 61 、清洗液罐 62 、截止阀 63 、截止阀 64 、反冲洗泵 65 、截止阀 66 。清洗液罐 62 的进口经截止阀 61 接反渗透过滤膜系统 46 透析液（水）出口，清洗液罐 62 的一路出口经截止阀 63 、阀门 52 接反渗透过滤膜系统 46 浓缩水出口，清洗液罐 62 的另一路出口经截止阀 64 后，一路经反冲洗泵 65 和截止阀 66 接膜系统供水泵 42 出口。
以下给出采用图1所示的基于电解和复膜技术的印染废水循环利用装置进行的印染废水循环利用的实施例。
 本发明的实施方式
实施例 1
150 吨 / 日印染 深度处理废水的净化及中水回用方法。
所述的印染深度处理废水经测定指标如表 1 所示。
表 1
序号 项目 单位 测定值 序号 项目 单位 测定值
1 CODCr mg/L 430 5 含盐量 ‰ 6.6
2 SS mg/L 115 6 pH 8.1
3 浊度 NTU 9 7 电导率 µS/cm 7350
4 色度 70
150 吨 印染深度处理废水经供水泵 12 按 7.5T/h 的流速提取后，输入纳米催化电解罐 13 中，纳米催化电解水直接进入沉淀罐 14 ，中和沉淀后经超滤膜系统 22 除去水中的固体杂质、浮游生物、细菌、胶体得净化废水。
所述纳米催化电解的工作电压为 8 ～ 9V ，电流强度为 500 ～ 510A ，纳米催化微电解产生的初生态的氯 [Cl] 杀灭废水中微生物、氧化分解废水中的有机物，并使废水中的悬浮物、胶体、带电微粒在电场作用下形成较大颗粒后，经过浸没式超滤膜过滤分离系统去除，使废水净化，测定 SDI 为 1.9 。
经过纳米催化电解单元和浸没式超滤膜过滤分离系统净化所得的净化废水经过截止阀 41 后，依次经膜系统供水泵 42 、截止阀 43 、保安过滤器 44 和高压泵 45 泵入反渗透过滤膜系统 46 中过滤，透析液（水）经过三通和截止阀 47 贮存于透析液（水）贮罐 48 中，经过三通和截止阀 61 向清水贮罐 62 补水。
所述反渗透膜过滤系统的膜组件为对氯化钠截留率为 98% 的反渗透卷式膜组件，其工作条件是： 32 ～ 35℃ ，工作压力为 9 ～ 12 kPa ，膜通量为 20mL/ ㎝ 2 ，浓缩液和透析液的流速分别为 4.7T/h 和 4.9T/h ，浓缩液按 1.4 T/h 的流速经回流浓缩液增压泵 51 回流循环使用，以 0.7 T/h 的流速经阀门 52 、截止阀 53 流出，其中， 0.7 T/h 经阀门 54 回流入纳米催化电解罐 13 中重复利用，余下按 2.6 T/h 排放，废水的回收率为 65% ，回用水的质量如表 2 所示，浓缩废水的指标如表 3 所示。
表 2
序号 项目 单位 测定值 序号 项目 单位 测定值
1 CODCr mg/L 9 4 色度 1
2 SS mg/L 未检出 5 pH 6.7
3 浊度 NTU 0.8 6 电导率 µS/cm 10
表 3
序号 项目 单位 测定值 序号 项目 单位 测定值
1 CODCr mg/L 136 5 含盐量 ‰ 3.7
2 SS mg/L 35 6 pH 8.5
3 浊度 NTU 2 7 电导率 µS/cm 9100
4 色度 30
实施例 2
3000 吨 / 日印染 深度处理废水的净化及中水回用方法。
所述的印染深度处理废水经测定印染深度处理印染废水的指标如表 4 所示：
表 4
序号 项目 单位 测定值 序号 项目 单位 测定值
1 CODCr mg/L 156 5 含盐量 ‰ 3.1
2 SS mg/L 60 6 pH 8.3
3 浊度 NTU 8 7 电导率 µS/cm 7100
4 色度 200
印染深度处理废水经供水泵 12 按 150T/h 流速提取后，输入纳米催化电解罐 13 中，纳米催化电解水直接进入沉淀罐 14 ，中和沉淀后经超滤膜系统 22 除去水中的固体杂质、浮游生物、细菌、胶体得净化废水。
所述印染深度处理废水由于含盐量较低，先加入工业氯化钠将其含盐量调节到 12.5‰ ，然后再进行纳米催化电解，纳米催化电解的工作电压为 5 ～ 6V ，电流强度为 1560 ～ 1580A ，纳米催化电解产生的初生态的氯 [Cl] 杀灭废水中微生物、氧化分解废水中的有机物，并使废水中的悬浮物、胶体、带电微粒在电场作用下形成较大颗粒后，经过浸没式超滤膜过滤分离系统去除使水净化废水，测定 SDI 为 1.6 。
经过纳米催化电解单元和浸没式超滤膜过滤分离单元净化所得的净化废水经过截止阀 41 后，依次经膜系统供水泵 42 、截止阀 43 、保安过滤器 44 和膜系统高压泵 45 泵入纳滤过滤膜系统 46 中过滤得浓缩液和透析液。浓缩液和透析液的流速分别为 73.5T/h 和 127.5T/h 。透析液以 127.5T/h 的流速经过三通和截止阀 47 贮存于透析液（水）贮罐 48 中，经过三通和截止阀 61 向清水贮罐 62 补水；浓缩液按 26 T/h 的流速经回流浓缩液增压泵 51 回流循环使用，以 25.0T/h 的流速经阀门 52 、截止阀 53 、阀门 54 回流入纳米催化电解罐 13 中重复利用，余下按 22.5T/h 排放。废水的回收率为 85% ，回用水的质量如表 5 所示，浓缩废水的指标如表 6 所示。
所述的纳滤过滤膜系统的纳滤膜组件为对硫酸镁截留率为 98% 的纳滤卷式膜膜组，其工作条件是： 20 ～ 25℃ ，工作压力为 6.5 ～ 8.0 kPa ，膜通量为 26ml/ ㎝ 2 。
表 5
序号 项目 单位 测定值 序号 项目 单位 测定值
1 CODCr mg/L 10 4 色度 3
2 SS mg/L 未检出 5 pH 7.7
3 浊度 NTU 1 6 硬度 mmol/l 1.7
表 6
序号 项目 单位 测定值 序号 项目 单位 测定值
1 CODCr mg/L 75 4 含盐量 ‰ 11.5
2 SS mg/L 50 5 pH 8.2
3 浊度 NTU 2.6 6 电导率 µS/cm 11200
实施例 3
6000 吨 / 日印染 深度处理废水的净化及中水回用方法。
所述印染深度处理废水的净化及中水回用装置，经测定印染深度处理印染废水的指标如表 7 所示。
表 7
序号 项目 单位 测定值 序号 项目 单位 测定值
1 CODCr mg/L 391 4 含盐量 ‰ 0.9
2 SS mg/L 190 5 pH 7.7
3 浊度 NTU 8.4 6 电导率 µS/cm 8100
印染深度处理废水经供水泵 12 按 300T/h 流速提取后，输入纳米催化电解罐 13 中，纳米催化电解水直接进入沉淀罐 14 ，沉淀后经浸没式超滤膜系统 22 除去水中的固体杂质、浮游生物、细菌、胶体得净化废水。
所述的印染深度处理废水含盐量较低，纳米催化电解的工作电压为 16 ～ 18V ，电流强度为 3760 ～ 3800A 。纳米催化电解产生的初生态的氯 [Cl] 杀灭废水中微生物、氧化分解废水中的有机物，并使废水中的悬浮物、胶体、带电微粒在电场作用下形成较大颗粒后，经过浸没式超滤膜过滤分离系统去除使水净化废水，测定 SDI 为 3.1 。
经过纳米催化电解单元和浸没式超滤膜过滤分离单元净化所得的净化废水经过截止阀 41 后，依次经膜系统供水泵 42 、截止阀 43 、保安过滤器 44 和膜系统高压泵 45 泵入反渗透膜系统 46 中过滤得浓缩液和透析液。透析液以 195T/h 的流速经过三通和截止阀 47 贮存于透析液（水）贮罐 48 中，经过三通和截止阀 61 向清水贮罐 62 补水；浓缩液按 90 T/h 的流速经回流浓缩液增压泵 51 回流循环使用，以 100T/h 的流速经阀门 52 、截止阀 53 、阀门 54 回流入纳米催化电解罐 13 中重复利用，余下按 105T/h 排放。
所述的反渗透膜过滤系统为对氯化钠截留率为 98% 的反渗透卷式膜膜组，其工作条件是： 18 ～ 21℃ ，工作压力为 15 ～ 17 kPa ，膜通量为 20ml/ ㎝ 2 ，废水的回收率为 65% ，回用水的质量如表 8 所示，浓缩废水的指标如表 9 所示。
表 8
序号 项目 单位 测定值 序号 项目 单位 测定值
1 CODCr mg/L 8 4 色度 1
2 SS mg/L 未检出 5 pH 6.9
3 浊度 NTU 0.7 6 电导率 µS/cm 8
表 9
序号 项目 单位 测定值 序号 项目 单位 测定值
1 CODCr mg/L 83 5 含盐量 ‰ 2.7
2 SS mg/L 55 6 pH 8.5
3 浊度 NTU 3 7 电导率 µS/cm 6500
4 色度 30
工业实用性
本发明与纳米催化电解+膜过滤分离处理方法比较，适用废水的COD范围更宽,纳米催化电解+膜过滤分离处理方法处理印染深度处理废水时，其二沉池废水的COD应小于300 mg/L，对于COD超过300 mg/L时，可能出现异常，本发明处理印染深度处理废水时，其二沉池废水的COD小于500 mg/L即可。 本发明具有良好的工业实用性。
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Claims (10)

  1. 基于电解和复膜技术的印染废水循环利用装置，其特征在于设有：
    纳米催化电解系统：纳米催化电解系统设有截止阀、供水泵、纳米催化电解机和沉淀罐；截止阀的进口外接印染废水排出口，供水泵的进口接截止阀的出口，供水泵的出口接纳米催化电解机的进口，纳米催化电解机的出口接沉淀罐的进口，沉淀罐的出口经截止阀与浸没式超滤膜过滤分离系统联接；
    浸没式超滤膜过滤分离系统：浸没式超滤膜过滤分离系统设有截止阀、浸没式超滤膜池、鼓风机、曝气器、超滤膜系统、抽吸泵和透析液贮罐，纳米催化电解系统所得印染净化废水通过进水管和截止阀进入浸没式超滤膜池，超滤膜浸没在浸没式超滤膜池中的印染净化废水中，抽吸泵从超滤膜内侧将水负压抽吸过膜壁，产生的透析液通过抽吸泵收集到透析液贮罐用于进一步经过反渗透过滤得循环利用的再生水，截止阀的进口接纳米催化电解系统沉淀罐的出口，截止阀的出口接浸没式超滤膜池的进口，浸没式超滤膜池的出口依次经过抽吸泵、截止阀进入透析液贮罐；
    超滤膜清洗系统：超滤膜清洗系统设有清洗液罐、反冲洗泵、截止阀和联接管道，清洗液罐的出口接反冲洗泵的进口，反冲洗泵的出口接截止阀的进口，截止阀的出口接超滤膜系统；
    反渗透膜过滤分离系统：反渗透膜过滤分离系统设有截止阀、膜系统供水泵、保安过滤器、膜系统高压泵、反渗透过滤膜系统和透析液贮罐，反渗透膜过滤分离系统将超滤所得印染净化废水经保安过滤后用高压泵泵入反渗透膜过滤分离系统，经反渗透膜过滤分离得透析液和浓缩液，透析液进入贮罐得回用水；浓缩液一部分经过浓缩液增压泵回流进行循环膜过滤分离，一部分回流进入纳米催化电解工序循环使用，多余部分排放，截止阀的进口接浸没式超滤膜过滤分离系统透析液贮罐的净化废水出口，截止阀的出口依次经膜系统供水泵、截止阀、保安过滤器和膜系统高压泵进入反渗透过滤膜系统，反渗透过滤膜系统的透析液出口经截止阀接透析液贮罐的进口；
    反渗透膜过滤回收循环系统：反渗透膜过滤回收循环系统设有回流浓缩液增压泵、截止阀。反渗透过滤膜系统的浓缩液出口一路回流接回流浓缩液增压泵入口，泵入反渗透膜过滤分离系统；反渗透过滤膜系统的浓缩液出口另一路经阀门回流接纳米催化电解罐重复利用；
    反渗透膜清洗再生系统：反渗透膜清洗再生系统设有清洗液罐、反冲洗泵、截止阀和联接管道，清洗液罐的进口经截止阀接反渗透过滤膜系统浓缩水出口，清洗液罐的一路出口经截止阀接反渗透过滤膜系统浓缩水出口，清洗液罐的另一路出口经截止阀后，一路经反冲洗泵和截止阀接膜系统供水泵出口。
  2. 于电解和复膜技术的印染废水循环利用方法，其特征在于采用如权利要求1所述基于电解和复膜技术的印染废水循环利用装置，所述循环利用方法包括以下步骤：
    将印染废水经供水泵提取后，输入纳米催化电解机中，纳米催化电解水直接进入沉淀罐，沉淀后经浸没超滤膜系统除去废水中因纳米催化电解产生的氯和固体杂质、浮游生物、细菌、胶体得净化废水。
  3. 如权利要求2所述基于电解和复膜技术的印染废水循环利用方法，其特征在于所述纳米催化电解的相邻两极板的工作电压为2～18V，工作电压最好为3～8V。
  4. 如权利要求2所述基于电解和复膜技术的印染废水循环利用方法，其特征在于所述纳米催化电解的电流密度为10～300mA/cm2，电流密度最好为50～210 mA/cm2。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的基于电解和复膜技术的印染废水循环利用方法，其特征在于所述印染废水的氯化钠含量为0.6%～5.0%。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的基于电解和复膜技术的印染废水循环利用方法，其特征在于所述印染废水的氯化钠含量为0.6%～1.3%。
  7. 如权利要求2所述的基于电解和复膜技术的印染废水循环利用方法，其特征在于所述的超滤膜过滤为浸没式超滤膜过滤分离系统，工作条件是：常温～45℃，工作压力为3～50kPa。
  8. 如权利要求2所述的基于电解和复膜技术的印染废水循环利用方法，其特征在于所述膜过滤分离系统为反渗透膜过滤分离系统或纳滤膜过滤分离系统。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的基于电解和复膜技术的印染废水循环利用方法，其特征在于所述反渗透膜过滤系统的反渗透膜为对氯化钠截留率为98%的反渗透膜，膜组件的结构为卷式膜组件或管式膜组件，其工作条件是常温～45℃，工作压力为7～25 kPa。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的基于电解和复膜技术的印染废水循环利用方法，其特征在于所述纳滤膜过滤分离系统的纳滤膜为对硫酸镁截留率为98%的纳滤膜，膜组件为卷式膜组件或管式膜组件，其工作条件是常温～45℃，工作压力为3～20 kPa。
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