WO2012077144A1 - Filets pour l'agriculture - Google Patents

Filets pour l'agriculture Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012077144A1
WO2012077144A1 PCT/IT2010/000492 IT2010000492W WO2012077144A1 WO 2012077144 A1 WO2012077144 A1 WO 2012077144A1 IT 2010000492 W IT2010000492 W IT 2010000492W WO 2012077144 A1 WO2012077144 A1 WO 2012077144A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
net
yarns
warp
weft
yarn
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IT2010/000492
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mirco Santino Darra
Original Assignee
Mirco Santino Darra
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mirco Santino Darra filed Critical Mirco Santino Darra
Priority to PCT/IT2010/000492 priority Critical patent/WO2012077144A1/fr
Priority to EP10805655.7A priority patent/EP2670899A1/fr
Publication of WO2012077144A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012077144A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03WEAVING
    • D03DWOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D1/00Woven fabrics designed to make specified articles
    • D03D1/0035Protective fabrics
    • D03D1/0041Cut or abrasion resistant
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03WEAVING
    • D03DWOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/40Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/44Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads with specific cross-section or surface shape
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0231Tunnels, i.e. protective full coverings for rows of plants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/14Greenhouses
    • A01G9/1438Covering materials therefor; Materials for protective coverings used for soil and plants, e.g. films, canopies, tunnels or cloches
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03WEAVING
    • D03DWOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/283Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03WEAVING
    • D03DWOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D9/00Open-work fabrics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/14Greenhouses
    • A01G9/1438Covering materials therefor; Materials for protective coverings used for soil and plants, e.g. films, canopies, tunnels or cloches
    • A01G2009/1461Covering materials therefor; Materials for protective coverings used for soil and plants, e.g. films, canopies, tunnels or cloches containing woven structures
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns the technical field of nets for agriculture.
  • the present invention refers to the manufacture of insect nets used to cover cultivations and protect them from insects and/or aphids and their eggs.
  • a first known type of protection nets consists of nets arranged as a covering to ensure protection from hail, which are frequently used, for example, in vineyards and/or orchards.
  • Another type of protection nets of known type is constituted by the so-called insect nets, that is, nets made up of plaited and woven yarns, normally according to a weft and warp pattern, sufficiently close, on one hand, to prevent the passage of insects and/or aphids or their eggs that could reach the cultivations from the outside and, on the other hand, to allow the passage of light and of a sufficient quantity of air for the growth of the cultivations.
  • insect nets that is, nets made up of plaited and woven yarns, normally according to a weft and warp pattern, sufficiently close, on one hand, to prevent the passage of insects and/or aphids or their eggs that could reach the cultivations from the outside and, on the other hand, to allow the passage of light and of a sufficient quantity of air for the growth of the cultivations.
  • said nets In addition to ensuring protection from the outside, said nets also favour the so-called biological fight, meaning the fight against harmful insects through the introduction of other insects that are natural predators of the former and are not harmful to the cultivations.
  • the greenhouses provided with the nets described above prevent said predatory insects from flying out of them.
  • the nets described above are made of a polymeric material, in particular high-density polyethylene, preferably transparent and ensuring protection against UV rays.
  • Protection against UV rays can be obtained, as known, by spreading a thin protective film on the outer surface of the yarns that make up the net.
  • the net is transparent, even if it tends to lose part of its protective characteristics over time, due to the wear of said external layer.
  • the yarns can be manufactured by adding protective substances inside them, for example titanium dioxide, in which case the net can ensure protection against UV rays for a longer period, even though it becomes opaque and is not transparent any longer.
  • the manufacture of the nets includes the use of yarns with circular cross section, made of said polymeric material and plaited using the known weaving techniques, that is, arranging them in a first direction side by side and parallel to each other, and in a second direction side by side and parallel to each other, the second direction being preferably perpendicular to the first one.
  • Said nets are manufactured using frames that starting from the base material consisting of polyethylene yarns produce the fabric with weft and warp yarns.
  • the preparation of the warp consists in transferring the yarn, wound on bobbins or reels, to the special area of the frame where it is divided in two series, that is, the even and the odd.
  • the two series are divided placing one of them above and the other below, thus obtaining a passage through which the weft yarn is inserted.
  • the series exchange place meaning that the upper one moves down and vice versa, thus producing a crossing that locks the weft yarn.
  • the latter is then pushed against the preceding weft and the fabric is thus produced.
  • a first drawback posed by said nets of known type lies in that following the weaving process the weft and warp yarns often present imperfections in their configuration, and this means that the interlaced structure does not form a homogeneous pattern, so that in some areas the adjacent weft and warp yarns can be closer than in other areas, thus losing their parallel configuration.
  • Another drawback posed by said nets of known type lies in that during use the fabric of said nets can be subjected to deformations, so that the interlaced structure loses its homogeneity characteristics. This happens, for example, when some material, for example hail, accumulates on the net and its weight causes the fabric to deform due to the movement of the weft and warp yarns. Furthermore, said loss of homogeneity can occur during handling of the nets.
  • the dimensions of the fabric meshes exceed those expected and desired, meaning that insects and/or aphids or their eggs can pass through them or predatory insects can fly out of them in organic cultivations. Therefore, the net partially loses the required capacity to protect cultivations from the outside and/or from the inside.
  • said nets can wear out or break over time in the areas where said non-homogenoeus points are created, so that it is necessary to replace them.
  • the main object of the present invention is therefore to solve at least partially the problems that characterize the nets of known type.
  • the present invention is based on the general consideration that it should be possible to make the surface characteristics of a net for agriculture homogeneous and/or to improve them and/or to improve the aeration characteristics of the same by shaping the cross section of the yarns that make it up.
  • the object of the present invention is a net according to claim 1, meaning a net for agriculture comprising a plurality of interwoven warp yarns and weft yarns, at least one of said warp yarns or said weft yarns featuring a non-circular cross section.
  • the non-circular shape of the yarns makes it possible to increase the contact points at the crossings between warp yarns and weft yarns, and therefore to increase the friction force between them.
  • both the warp yarns and the weft yarns feature a non-circular cross section.
  • the friction force at the crossings is higher.
  • the non-circular shape is substantially of the polygonal type.
  • said non-circular shape features one or more points.
  • the electrostatic charges concentrate on said points and improve the net manufacturing process.
  • said points are rounded in shape.
  • said points are sharp.
  • the accumulation of electrostatic charges is further increased.
  • the non-circular shape is substantially the shape of a star with several points.
  • the non-circular shape comprises one or more lobes.
  • the yarns are easier to manufacture.
  • the non-circular shape is substantially the shape of an eight.
  • the non-circular shape is substantially a square shape.
  • the yarns preferably comprise a polymeric material.
  • said polymeric material comprises polyethylene.
  • said yarns are easier to manufacture.
  • the maximum size of the cross section of the yarns for insect nets is preferably included between 0.12 mm and 0.25 mm, preferably included between 0.18 mm and 0.23 mm, and even more preferably included between 0.20 mm and 0.22 mm.
  • the insect net preferably comprises a number of warp and weft yarns per square centimetre included between 6x6 and 23x14, preferably included between 16x10 and 22x12, and even more preferably equal to 20x12.
  • the maximum size of the cross section of the yarns for anti hail or shading nets is preferably included between 0.24 mm and 0.34 mm, preferably included between 0.25 mm and 0.34 mm, and even more preferably included between 0.30 mm and 0.32 mm.
  • the anti hail net preferably comprises a number of warp and weft yarns per square centimetre equal to 5x4, or equal to 2.6x4, or even equal to 2.2x3.2.
  • the shading net preferably comprises a number of warp and weft yarns per square centimetre equal to 10x20, or equal to 6x10, or even equal to 5x5.
  • the net is woven according to a cloth pattern (plain weaving).
  • the production process is advantageously simple.
  • the net is woven according to a leno weave pattern.
  • the net of the invention is an insect net.
  • the subject of the present invention is a yarn according to claim 14, meaning a weft or warp yarn for making nets for agriculture, said yarn featuring a non-circular cross section.
  • the non-circular shape is substantially of the polygonal type.
  • said non-circular shape features one or more points.
  • said points are rounded in shape.
  • said points are sharp.
  • the non-circular shape is substantially the shape of a star with several points.
  • the non-circular shape comprises one or more lobes.
  • the non-circular shape is substantially the shape of an eight.
  • the non-circular shape is substantially a square shape.
  • the yarn preferably comprises a polymeric material.
  • said polyethylene is high-density polyethylene (HD).
  • the maximum size of the cross section of the yarn for insect nets is preferably included between 0.12 mm and 0.25 mm, preferably included between 0.18 mm and 0.23 mm, and even more preferably included between 0.20 mm and 0.22 mm.
  • the maximum size of the cross section of the yarns for anti hail or shading nets is preferably included between 0.24 mm and 0.34 mm, preferably included between 0.25 mm and 0.34 mm, and even more preferably included between 0.30 mm and 0.32 mm.
  • FIG. 1 shows the utilization of a net obtained according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 2 shows a piece of the net of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic enlarged view of the net of Figure 2;
  • - Figure 4 shows an enlarged view of a detail of a net belonging to the known art
  • - Figure 5a shows an enlarged view of a detail of a net obtained according to a first embodiment of the invention with a first configuration of the crossing pattern between warp and weft yarns;
  • Figure 5b shows an enlarged detail of Figure 5a
  • FIG. 5c shows an enlarged view of a detail of a net obtained according to the first embodiment of the invention with a second configuration of the crossing pattern between warp and weft yarns;
  • FIG. 6a shows an enlarged view of a detail of a net obtained according to a variant embodiment of the invention with a first configuration of the crossing pattern between warp and weft yarns;
  • FIG. 6b shows an enlarged view of a detail of a net obtained according to the embodiment of Figure 6a with a second configuration of the crossing pattern between warp and weft yarns;
  • FIG. 12 shows a variant embodiment of the type of fabric
  • FIG. 13 shows a variant embodiment of the net of Figure 2.
  • the present invention has proven to be particularly advantageous when applied to insect nets used to completely cover agricultural cultures. It should however be pointed out that the present invention is not limited to the manufacture of insect nets but can be conveniently applied to the manufacture of nets for agriculture of different types, for example anti hail nets or shading nets for greenhouses.
  • Figure 1 shows a net 1 according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the net 1 is shown when used in a structure of the greenhouse type, that is, covering the agricultural culture to be grown and protected against insects and/or aphids and their eggs or against the escape of the predatory insects in cultivations adopting biological fight.
  • the net 1 closes all the sides of the structure.
  • the net 1 could be arranged in a different way, for example covering only the underlying culture, as in the case of a vineyard or orchard where the net serves only to ensure protection against hail.
  • Figure 2 shows a detail of a piece of the net 1 of the invention.
  • the net 1 is constituted by a plurality of warp yarns 2 and a plurality of weft yarns 3 arranged perpendicular to each other and interwoven so as to form a homogeneous fabric.
  • the warp yarns 2 and the weft yarns 3 are interwoven according to a traditional cloth pattern (or plain weaving) that is easy to carry out, as schematically shown in Figure 3.
  • the warp yarns 2 in fact perform on the weft yarns 3 a continuous and constant alternating movement from top to bottom and, vice versa, the weft yarns 3 perform on the warp yarns 2 a continuous and constant alternating movement from top to bottom.
  • different weaving patterns are possible, intended to obtain different types of fabric of known type, like for example herringbone, sateen, leno weave, as shown in Figure 12, or fabrics containing also diagonal yarns, as shown for example in the embodiment illustrated in Figure 13.
  • the warp yarns 2 and weft yarns 3 are preferably made of transparent high- density polyethylene, coloured or neutral, preferably UV stabilized.
  • Protection against UV rays can be obtained, as known, by spreading a thin protective film on the outer surface of the yarns that make up the net.
  • the yarns can be manufactured by adding protective substances inside them, for example titanium dioxide, in which case the net is opaque and not transparent.
  • the insect net described herein preferably comprises a number of warp and weft yarns per square centimetre included between 6x6 and 23x14, preferably included between 16x10 and 22x12, and even more preferably equal to 20x12.
  • the warp yarns 2 and weft yarns 3 therefore create a fabric as shown in Figure 3, in which between the warp yarns 2 and the weft yarns 3 there are openings 10, also called meshes, that are quadrilateral in shape.
  • Said values are indicative and refer in particular to insect nets.
  • variant embodiments of the invention may comprise different materials for making the net, as well as different dimensions and number of the yarns making up the warp and weft. Said parameters can vary both in insect nets and in nets intended for different uses, like for example anti hail and/or shading nets.
  • the net in the case of anti hail nets, preferably comprises a number of warp and weft yarns per square centimetre equal to 5x4, or equal to 2.6x4, or even equal to 2.2x3.2.
  • the net preferably comprises a number of warp and weft yarns per square centimetre equal to 10x20, or equal to 6x10, or equal to 5x5.
  • the warp yarns 2 and weft yarns 3 are the same and feature a shaped cross section, as shown in Figure 5a. Said figure shows an enlarged detail of a crossing area with a first configuration of the crossing pattern between a warp yarn 2 and a weft yarn 3, and also shows the cross section of the warp yarn 2.
  • the star shape of the invention makes it possible to obtain a larger contact surface between the weft yarn 3 and the underlying warp yarn 2.
  • the warp yarn 2 and the weft yarn 3 come into contact in two distinct areas 7 and 8, as shown in Figure 5a, and not in a single contact area 7' as it happens in the known art. Therefore, the friction force that is generated between the warp yarn 2 and the weft yarn 3 at each crossing point is higher than in the known art and the arrangement of the crossings of the net 1 can be maintained more effectively.
  • the net 1 is more resistant and has a greater capacity to bear external deformation forces.
  • the net 1 is therefore homogeneous and its homogeneity lasts longer over time.
  • the net 1 of the invention alternatively offers an advantage in terms of either higher friction or better aeration compared to the nets of the known art.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Protection Of Plants (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un filet (1) destiné à l'agriculture qui comprend plusieurs fils de chaîne (2; 12; 22; 32; 42; 52) et plusieurs fils de trame (3; 13; 23; 33; 43; 53) entrelacés les uns avec les autres. Au moins des fils de chaîne (2, 12; 22, 32; 42, 52) ou des fils de trame (3; 13; 23; 33; 43; 53) caractérise une section transversale non circulaire. L'invention concerne en outre un fil de chaîne (2; 12; 22; 32; 42; 52) ou un fil de trame (3; 13; 23; 33; 43; 53) conçu pour fabriquer un filet d'agriculture (1).
PCT/IT2010/000492 2010-12-09 2010-12-09 Filets pour l'agriculture WO2012077144A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IT2010/000492 WO2012077144A1 (fr) 2010-12-09 2010-12-09 Filets pour l'agriculture
EP10805655.7A EP2670899A1 (fr) 2010-12-09 2010-12-09 Filets pour l'agriculture

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IT2010/000492 WO2012077144A1 (fr) 2010-12-09 2010-12-09 Filets pour l'agriculture

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012077144A1 true WO2012077144A1 (fr) 2012-06-14

Family

ID=43608180

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IT2010/000492 WO2012077144A1 (fr) 2010-12-09 2010-12-09 Filets pour l'agriculture

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2670899A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012077144A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018000148A (ja) * 2016-07-06 2018-01-11 ダイオ化成株式会社 ネット状資材
GB2562031A (en) * 2017-03-15 2018-11-07 Thomas & Fontaine Ltd A net
IT201700068976A1 (it) * 2017-06-21 2018-12-21 Sachim Srl Rete antipioggia con ordito e/o trama a sezione romboidale

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3109278A (en) * 1960-08-19 1963-11-05 Du Pont Multilobal textile filaments having controlled uniform twist and fabrics prepared therefrom
EP0206304A1 (fr) * 1985-06-24 1986-12-30 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Feuille de recouvrement pour applications agricoles
US4656073A (en) * 1986-04-04 1987-04-07 Ametek, Inc. Fabrics made of hollow monofilaments
US5097872A (en) * 1990-12-17 1992-03-24 Tamfelt, Inc. Woven work fabric with X-shaped monofilament yarns
JP2001251976A (ja) * 2000-03-14 2001-09-18 Nippon Wide Cloth Kk 網 地
JP2003313747A (ja) * 2002-04-25 2003-11-06 Diatex Co Ltd 合成樹脂製シート
JP2005245385A (ja) * 2004-03-08 2005-09-15 Diatex Co Ltd 農業用光線調節幕
WO2007041129A2 (fr) * 2005-10-03 2007-04-12 Wellman, Inc. Compositions polymeriques ignifuges et produits fabriques en utilisant ces compositions
JP2008184696A (ja) * 2007-01-26 2008-08-14 Toray Ind Inc 熱接着性複合ポリエステルモノフィラメントおよびフィルター用メッシュ織物
DE202009011658U1 (de) * 2009-08-17 2010-05-20 Teijin Monofilament Germany Gmbh Beschattungsgewebe für die Landwirtschaft

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3109278A (en) * 1960-08-19 1963-11-05 Du Pont Multilobal textile filaments having controlled uniform twist and fabrics prepared therefrom
EP0206304A1 (fr) * 1985-06-24 1986-12-30 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Feuille de recouvrement pour applications agricoles
US4656073A (en) * 1986-04-04 1987-04-07 Ametek, Inc. Fabrics made of hollow monofilaments
US5097872A (en) * 1990-12-17 1992-03-24 Tamfelt, Inc. Woven work fabric with X-shaped monofilament yarns
JP2001251976A (ja) * 2000-03-14 2001-09-18 Nippon Wide Cloth Kk 網 地
JP2003313747A (ja) * 2002-04-25 2003-11-06 Diatex Co Ltd 合成樹脂製シート
JP2005245385A (ja) * 2004-03-08 2005-09-15 Diatex Co Ltd 農業用光線調節幕
WO2007041129A2 (fr) * 2005-10-03 2007-04-12 Wellman, Inc. Compositions polymeriques ignifuges et produits fabriques en utilisant ces compositions
JP2008184696A (ja) * 2007-01-26 2008-08-14 Toray Ind Inc 熱接着性複合ポリエステルモノフィラメントおよびフィルター用メッシュ織物
DE202009011658U1 (de) * 2009-08-17 2010-05-20 Teijin Monofilament Germany Gmbh Beschattungsgewebe für die Landwirtschaft

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Title
DATABASE WPI Week 200211, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 2002-077891, XP002625851 *
DATABASE WPI Week 200425, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 2004-260023, XP002625850 *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018000148A (ja) * 2016-07-06 2018-01-11 ダイオ化成株式会社 ネット状資材
GB2562031A (en) * 2017-03-15 2018-11-07 Thomas & Fontaine Ltd A net
GB2562031B (en) * 2017-03-15 2021-04-21 Ark Agriculture Ltd A net
US11572643B2 (en) 2017-03-15 2023-02-07 ARK Agriculture Limited Net
IT201700068976A1 (it) * 2017-06-21 2018-12-21 Sachim Srl Rete antipioggia con ordito e/o trama a sezione romboidale
WO2018234981A1 (fr) * 2017-06-21 2018-12-27 Sachim S.R.L. Filet imperméable avec chaîne et/ou trame de section rhomboïde

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