WO2012073292A1 - 冷凍サイクル装置の部品交換方法 - Google Patents
冷凍サイクル装置の部品交換方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012073292A1 WO2012073292A1 PCT/JP2010/007046 JP2010007046W WO2012073292A1 WO 2012073292 A1 WO2012073292 A1 WO 2012073292A1 JP 2010007046 W JP2010007046 W JP 2010007046W WO 2012073292 A1 WO2012073292 A1 WO 2012073292A1
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- refrigerant
- pressure
- refrigeration cycle
- heat medium
- cycle apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
- F25B2313/0231—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units with simultaneous cooling and heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/12—Inflammable refrigerants
- F25B2400/121—Inflammable refrigerants using R1234
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/06—Damage
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a component replacement method in a refrigeration cycle apparatus such as a building multi-air conditioner that uses a combustible refrigerant as a refrigerant.
- a component replacement method for replacing components of a refrigeration cycle apparatus on site (installation location) after installing a refrigeration cycle apparatus filled with a refrigerant to configure a refrigeration cycle.
- a refrigerant pipe, a pipe part of equipment, etc. are heated with a burner or the like and fixed (connected) using brazing material (brazing) There is.
- a non-flammable refrigerant is used, immediately after collecting the refrigerant in the collection tank.
- the refrigerant piping was heated with a burner or the like to melt and remove the brazing material and replaced it.
- a refrigerant is circulated between an outdoor unit and a relay unit. Further, a heat medium such as water is circulated between the relay unit and the indoor unit.
- the relay unit is configured to exchange heat between a refrigerant and a heat medium such as water. For this reason, the leakage of the refrigerant into the indoor space is prevented, but there is no particular restriction on the safety when replacing the component parts. For example, when a component is replaced by a method similar to the conventional component replacement method, if the refrigerant in the refrigerant pipe has a concentration higher than the flammability limit, the burner may cause the flammable refrigerant to ignite. There was a problem in terms of safety.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems.
- the flammable refrigerant is prevented from being ignited by a burner fire or the like.
- a safe refrigeration cycle apparatus is obtained.
- a component replacement method for a refrigeration cycle apparatus includes a compressor that compresses a flammable refrigerant, a condenser that condenses the refrigerant by heat exchange, a throttling device that adjusts the pressure of the condensed refrigerant, and a reduced pressure
- a method of exchanging parts of a refrigeration cycle apparatus constituting a refrigerant circulation circuit by pipe-connecting an evaporator for evaporating the refrigerant by exchanging heat between the refrigerant and air, wherein the refrigerant circulation circuit is connected via a container connection device
- a pressure reducing step for reducing the internal pressure, and a component replacement step for removing and replacing parts from the refrigerant circuit by heating When a component of the refrigeration cycle apparatus breaks down, cooling is performed. The amount of the refrigerant having a flammable remaining in the pipe can be kept low, without fire, etc., safely remove the part from the refrigeration cycle device can be exchanged.
- the refrigerant circulation circuit is depressurized, for example, after the refrigerant concentration is made less than the flammable limit concentration, Since the parts are removed and replaced by heating with a burner or the like, they can be safely removed while preventing ignition of the refrigerant and the like.
- 1 is a system configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 1 is a system circuit diagram of a refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The figure showing the flowchart of the components replacement
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an installation example of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention. Based on FIG. 1, the installation example of an air conditioning apparatus is demonstrated.
- This air conditioner includes a circuit that circulates a heat source refrigerant (hereinafter referred to as a refrigerant) having flammability and a heat medium serving as a refrigerant such as water (refrigerant circulation circuit (refrigeration cycle circuit) A, heat medium circulation circuit B).
- a refrigerant heat source refrigerant
- a heat medium serving as a refrigerant such as water
- each indoor unit can freely select the cooling mode or the heating mode as the operation mode.
- the relationship of the size of each component may be different from the actual one.
- the subscripts may be omitted.
- the air conditioner according to the present embodiment includes one outdoor unit 1 that is a heat source unit, a plurality of indoor units 2, and heat that is interposed between the outdoor unit 1 and the indoor unit 2. And a medium converter 3.
- the heat medium converter 3 performs heat exchange between the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit A and the heat medium serving as a load (heat exchange target) for the refrigerant.
- the outdoor unit 1 and the heat medium relay unit 3 are connected by a refrigerant pipe 4 that conducts the refrigerant.
- the heat medium relay unit 3 and the indoor unit 2 are connected by a pipe (heat medium pipe) 5 that conducts the heat medium.
- the cold or warm heat generated by the outdoor unit 1 is delivered to the indoor unit 2 via the heat medium converter 3.
- the outdoor unit 1 is usually disposed in an outdoor space 6 that is a space outside a building 9 such as a building (for example, a rooftop), and supplies cold or hot heat to the indoor unit 2 via the heat medium converter 3. It is.
- the indoor unit 2 is arranged at a position where cooling air or heating air can be supplied to the indoor space 7 that is a space (for example, a living room) inside the building 9, and the cooling air is supplied to the indoor space 7 that is the air-conditioning target space. Alternatively, heating air is supplied.
- the heat medium relay unit 3 is configured as a separate housing from the outdoor unit 1 and the indoor unit 2 so as to be installed at a position different from the outdoor space 6 and the indoor space 7.
- the outdoor unit 1 and the indoor unit 2 are respectively connected by a refrigerant pipe 4 and a pipe 5, and transmit cold heat or hot heat supplied from the outdoor unit 1 to the indoor unit 2.
- the outdoor unit 1 and the heat medium converter 3 use two refrigerant pipes 4, and the heat medium converter 3 and each indoor unit 2. Are connected using two pipes 5 respectively.
- each unit (outdoor unit 1, indoor unit 2, and heat medium converter 3) is connected using two pipes (refrigerant pipe 4, pipe 5). Therefore, construction is easy.
- the heat medium converter 3 is installed in a space such as the back of the ceiling (hereinafter simply referred to as a space 8) that is inside the building 9 but is different from the indoor space 7.
- the state is shown as an example.
- the space 8 is not a hermetically sealed space, but is configured to be able to ventilate with the outdoor space 6 through a vent hole 14 installed in the building.
- the building vent 14 may be any type, and if the refrigerant leaks into the space 8, it can ventilate with the outdoor space 6 by natural convection or forced convection so that the concentration of the refrigerant in the space 8 does not increase excessively. What is necessary is just to be comprised.
- FIG. 1 the heat medium converter 3 is installed in a space such as the back of the ceiling (hereinafter simply referred to as a space 8) that is inside the building 9 but is different from the indoor space 7.
- the state is shown as an example.
- the space 8 is not a hermetically sealed space, but is configured to be able
- the indoor unit 2 is a ceiling cassette type
- mold is shown as an example, it is not limited to this, It is directly or directly in the indoor space 7, such as a ceiling embedded type and a ceiling suspended type. Any type of air can be used as long as heating air or cooling air can be blown out by a duct or the like.
- a flammable refrigerant is used as the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit.
- a mixed refrigerant containing these may be used. In the case of a mixed refrigerant, for example, the ratio of the refrigerant amount is 80% for HFO1234yf, 20% for R32, and the like. Further, a highly flammable refrigerant such as R290 (propane) may be used.
- the heat medium relay unit 3 may be installed anywhere as long as it is a space other than the living space other than the ceiling, for example, outside the living space.
- the heat medium relay unit 3 can be installed in a shared space where there is an elevator or the like and where there is ventilation with the outdoors.
- FIG. 1 shows an example in which the outdoor unit 1 is installed in the outdoor space 6, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the outdoor unit 1 may be installed in an enclosed space such as a machine room with a ventilation opening, and can be installed as long as the outdoor space 6 is ventilated.
- the number of connected outdoor units 1, indoor units 2, and heat medium converters 3 is not limited to the number illustrated in FIG. 1, but the building 9 in which the air conditioner according to the present embodiment is installed. The number of units may be determined accordingly.
- the refrigerant pipe 4 connecting the outdoor unit 1 and the heat medium relay unit 3 passes through the outdoor space 6 or the pipe shaft 20.
- the pipe shaft is a duct through which the pipe passes, and is surrounded by metal or the like. Therefore, even if the refrigerant leaks from the refrigerant pipe 4, it does not diffuse around. Since the pipe shaft is installed in a non-air-conditioning target space other than the living space or outdoors, the refrigerant leaked from the refrigerant pipe 4 is discharged from the pipe shaft through the non-air-conditioning target space 8 or directly to the outside. , Do not leak into the room. Moreover, you may make it install the heat medium converter 3 in a pipe shaft.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit configuration diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of an air-conditioning apparatus (hereinafter referred to as the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100) illustrating an example of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the embodiment.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 the outdoor unit 1 and the heat medium relay 3 are connected to the refrigerant pipe 4 via the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15 a and the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15 b provided in the heat medium converter 3.
- the heat medium converter 3 and the indoor unit 2 are also connected by a pipe 5 via a heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a and a heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b.
- the refrigerant pipe 4 will be described in detail later.
- Outdoor unit 1 In the outdoor unit 1, a compressor 10, a first refrigerant flow switching device 11 such as a four-way valve, a heat source side heat exchanger 12, and an accumulator 19 are connected and connected in series through a refrigerant pipe 4. Yes.
- the outdoor unit 1 is provided with a first connection pipe 4a, a second connection pipe 4b, a check valve 13a, a check valve 13b, a check valve 13c, and a check valve 13d. Regardless of the operation that the indoor unit 2 requires, heat is provided by providing the first connection pipe 4a, the second connection pipe 4b, the check valve 13a, the check valve 13b, the check valve 13c, and the check valve 13d.
- the flow of the refrigerant flowing into the medium converter 3 can be in a certain direction.
- the compressor 10 sucks the refrigerant and compresses the refrigerant to a high temperature / high pressure state, and may be composed of, for example, an inverter compressor capable of capacity control.
- the first refrigerant flow switching device 11 has a refrigerant flow during heating operation (in the heating only operation mode and heating main operation mode) and a refrigerant flow during the cooling operation (in the cooling only operation mode and cooling main operation mode). It switches between flow.
- the heat source side heat exchanger 12 functions as an evaporator during heating operation, and functions as a condenser (or radiator) during cooling operation.
- the accumulator 19 is provided on the suction side of the compressor 10 and stores excess refrigerant.
- the check valve 13a is provided in the refrigerant pipe 4 between the heat source side heat exchanger 12 and the heat medium converter 3, and the check valve 13a is used only in a predetermined direction (direction from the outdoor unit 1 to the heat medium converter 3). It allows flow.
- the check valve 13b is provided in the first connection pipe 4a, and causes the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 to flow through the heat medium converter 3 during the heating operation.
- the check valve 13c is provided in the second connection pipe 4b, and causes the refrigerant returned from the heat medium relay unit 3 to flow to the suction side of the compressor 10 during the heating operation.
- the check valve 13d is provided in the refrigerant pipe 4 between the heat medium converter 3 and the first refrigerant flow switching device 11, and only in a predetermined direction (direction from the heat medium converter 3 to the outdoor unit 1). The refrigerant flow is allowed.
- the first connection pipe 4a is a refrigerant pipe 4 between the first refrigerant flow switching device 11 and the check valve 13d, and a refrigerant between the check valve 13a and the heat medium relay unit 3.
- the pipe 4 is connected.
- the second connection pipe 4b includes a refrigerant pipe 4 between the check valve 13d and the heat medium relay unit 3, and a refrigerant pipe 4 between the heat source side heat exchanger 12 and the check valve 13a.
- FIG. 3 shows an example in which the first connection pipe 4a, the second connection pipe 4b, the check valve 13a, the check valve 13b, the check valve 13c, and the check valve 13d are provided.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and these are not necessarily provided.
- the outdoor unit 1 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 is provided with a take-out pipe 27 for allowing the refrigerant to flow out of the refrigerant circuit A and the like.
- a container connection device (connection valve) for controlling the refrigerant outflow in the take-out pipe 27 and making it possible to attach the refrigerant recovery container (refrigerant recovery cylinder) 29A, the decompression device (vacuum pump) 29B, etc. with hoses, pipes, etc. 28 is attached.
- the container connection device (connection valve) 28 may be directly attached to the pipe without using the take-out pipe 27.
- Each indoor unit 2 is equipped with a use side heat exchanger 26.
- the use side heat exchanger 26 is connected to the heat medium flow control device 25 and the second heat medium flow switching device 23 of the heat medium converter 3 by the pipe 5.
- the use-side heat exchanger 26 performs heat exchange between air supplied from a blower such as a fan (not shown) and a heat medium, and generates heating air or cooling air to be supplied to the indoor space 7. To do.
- FIG. 2 shows an example in which four indoor units 2 are connected to the heat medium relay unit 3, and are illustrated as an indoor unit 2a, an indoor unit 2b, an indoor unit 2c, and an indoor unit 2d from the bottom of the page. Show.
- the use side heat exchanger 26 also uses the use side heat exchanger 26a, the use side heat exchanger 26b, the use side heat exchanger 26c, and the use side heat exchange from the lower side of the drawing. It is shown as a container 26d.
- the number of connected indoor units 2 is not limited to four as shown in FIG.
- the heat medium relay 3 includes two heat medium heat exchangers 15, two expansion devices 16, two switch devices 17, two second refrigerant flow switching devices 18, and two pumps 21. Four first heat medium flow switching devices 22, four second heat medium flow switching devices 23, and four heat medium flow control devices 25 are mounted.
- the two heat exchangers between heat mediums 15 function as a condenser (heat radiator) or an evaporator and perform heat exchange. It becomes the load side heat exchanger which transfers the refrigerant
- the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a is provided between the expansion device 16a and the second refrigerant flow switching device 18a in the refrigerant circuit A and serves to cool the heat medium in the cooling / heating mixed operation mode. is there.
- the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b is provided between the expansion device 16b and the second refrigerant flow switching device 18b in the refrigerant circuit A, and serves to heat the heat medium in the cooling / heating mixed operation mode.
- two heat exchangers for heat medium 15 are installed, but one may be installed, or three or more may be installed.
- the two expansion devices 16 have functions as pressure reducing valves and expansion valves, and expand the refrigerant by reducing the pressure.
- the expansion device 16a is provided on the upstream side of the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a in the refrigerant flow during the cooling operation.
- the expansion device 16b is provided on the upstream side of the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b in the refrigerant flow during the cooling operation.
- the two expansion devices 16 may be configured by a device whose opening degree can be variably controlled, for example, an electronic expansion valve.
- the two opening / closing devices 17 are constituted by two-way valves or the like, and open / close the refrigerant pipe 4.
- the opening / closing device 17a is provided in the refrigerant pipe 4 on the refrigerant inlet side.
- the opening / closing device 17b is provided in a pipe connecting the refrigerant pipe 4 on the refrigerant inlet side and the outlet side.
- the two second refrigerant flow switching devices 18 (second refrigerant flow switching device 18a and second refrigerant flow switching device 18b) are constituted by four-way valves or the like, and switch the flow of refrigerant according to the operation mode. is there.
- the second refrigerant flow switching device 18a is provided on the downstream side of the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a in the refrigerant flow during the cooling operation.
- the second refrigerant flow switching device 18b is provided on the downstream side of the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b in the refrigerant flow during the cooling only operation.
- the two pumps 21 are provided in accordance with the heat exchangers 15 between the heat mediums, and circulate the heat medium that conducts through the pipe 5.
- the pump 21 a is provided in the pipe 5 between the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15 a and the second heat medium flow switching device 23.
- the pump 21 b is provided in the pipe 5 between the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15 b and the second heat medium flow switching device 23.
- the two pumps 21 may be constituted by, for example, pumps capable of capacity control.
- the four first heat medium flow switching devices 22 are configured by three-way valves or the like, and switch the heat medium flow channels. Is.
- the first heat medium flow switching device 22 is provided in a number (here, four) according to the number of indoor units 2 installed. In the first heat medium flow switching device 22, one of the three sides is in the heat exchanger 15a, one of the three is in the heat exchanger 15b, and one of the three is in the heat medium flow rate. Each is connected to the adjusting device 25 and provided on the outlet side of the heat medium flow path of the use side heat exchanger 26.
- the four second heat medium flow switching devices 23 are configured by three-way valves or the like, and switch the flow path of the heat medium. Is.
- the number of the second heat medium flow switching devices 23 is set according to the number of installed indoor units 2 (here, four).
- the heat exchanger is connected to the exchanger 26 and provided on the inlet side of the heat medium flow path of the use side heat exchanger 26.
- the four heat medium flow control devices 25 are configured by a two-way valve or the like that can control the opening area, and controls the flow rate flowing through the pipe 5. is there.
- the number of the heat medium flow control devices 25 is set according to the number of indoor units 2 installed (four in this case).
- One of the heat medium flow control devices 25 is connected to the use side heat exchanger 26 and the other is connected to the first heat medium flow switching device 22, and is connected to the outlet side of the heat medium flow channel of the use side heat exchanger 26. Is provided.
- the heat medium flow adjustment device 25 a, the heat medium flow adjustment device 25 b, the heat medium flow adjustment device 25 c, and the heat medium flow adjustment device 25 d are illustrated from the lower side of the drawing. Further, the heat medium flow control device 25 may be provided on the inlet side of the heat medium flow path of the use side heat exchanger 26.
- the heat medium converter 3 includes various detection devices (two heat medium outflow temperature detection devices 31, four heat medium outlet temperature detection devices 34, four refrigerant inflow / outflow temperature detection devices 35, and a refrigerant pressure detection device. 36). Information (temperature information, pressure information) detected by these detection devices is sent to a control device (not shown) for overall control of the operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100, and the drive frequency of the compressor 10 and the fan of the illustration not shown. This is used for control of the rotational speed, switching of the first refrigerant flow switching device 11, driving frequency of the pump 21, switching of the second refrigerant flow switching device 18, switching of the flow path of the heat medium, and the like.
- the two heat medium outflow temperature detection devices 31 are the heat medium flowing out from the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15, that is, the heat exchanger related to heat exchanger 15. It is a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the heat medium at the outlet, and may be composed of a thermistor, for example.
- the heat medium outflow temperature detection device 31a is provided in the pipe 5 on the inlet side of the pump 21a.
- the heat medium outflow temperature detection device 31b is provided in the pipe 5 on the inlet side of the pump 21b.
- the four heat medium outlet temperature detection devices 34 are provided between the first heat medium flow switching device 22 and the heat medium flow control device 25. It is a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the heat medium that has flowed out of the use side heat exchanger 26, and may be constituted by a thermistor or the like.
- the number of heat medium outlet temperature detection devices 34 (four here) according to the number of indoor units 2 installed is provided. In correspondence with the indoor unit 2, the heat medium outlet temperature detection device 34a, the heat medium outlet temperature detection device 34b, the heat medium outlet temperature detection device 34c, and the heat medium outlet temperature detection device 34d are illustrated from the lower side of the drawing. .
- the four refrigerant inflow / outflow temperature detection devices 35 are provided on the refrigerant inlet side or outlet side of the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15, and are arranged between the heat medium.
- the temperature sensor detects the temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the heat exchanger 15 or the temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15, and may be composed of a thermistor or the like.
- the refrigerant inflow / outlet temperature detection device 35a is provided between the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a and the second refrigerant flow switching device 18a.
- the refrigerant inflow / outlet temperature detection device 35b is provided between the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a and the refrigerant expansion device 16a.
- the refrigerant inflow / outlet temperature detection device 35c is provided between the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b and the second refrigerant flow switching device 18b.
- the refrigerant inflow / outlet temperature detection device 35d is provided between the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b and the refrigerant expansion device 16b.
- the refrigerant pressure detection device (pressure sensor) 36 is provided between the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b and the refrigerant expansion device 16b, similarly to the installation position of the refrigerant inflow / outflow temperature detector 35d, and is used as a heat exchanger for heat medium. The pressure of the refrigerant flowing between 15b and the expansion device 16b is detected.
- the control device (not shown) is configured by a microcomputer or the like, and based on signals from various detection devices and instructions from the remote controller, the driving frequency of the compressor 10 and the first refrigerant flow switching device 11. Switching, driving of the pump 21, opening of the expansion device 16, opening and closing of the switching device 17, switching of the second refrigerant channel switching device 18, switching of the first heat medium channel switching device 22, and second heat medium channel The switching of the switching device 23, the opening degree of the heat medium flow control device 25, and the like are controlled to control the operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus.
- the control device may be provided for each unit, or may be provided in the heat medium relay unit 3 or the like.
- the pipe 5 that conducts the heat medium is composed of one that is connected to the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a and one that is connected to the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b.
- the pipe 5 is branched according to the number of indoor units 2 connected to the heat medium relay unit 3 (here, the pipe 5 is branched into four pipes 5a to 5d).
- the pipe 5 is connected by a first heat medium flow switching device 22 and a second heat medium flow switching device 23. By controlling the first heat medium flow switching device 22 and the second heat medium flow switching device 23, the heat medium from the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a flows into the use-side heat exchanger 26, or the heat medium Whether the heat medium from the intermediate heat exchanger 15b flows into the use side heat exchanger 26 is determined.
- the refrigerant in the compressor 10 the first refrigerant flow switching device 11, the heat source side heat exchanger 12, the switching device 17, the second refrigerant flow switching device 18, and the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a.
- a refrigerant circulation circuit A is configured by connecting the flow path, the refrigerant throttle device 16, and the accumulator 19 through the refrigerant pipe 4. Further, the heat medium flow path of the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a, the pump 21, the first heat medium flow switching device 22, the heat medium flow control device 25, the use side heat exchanger 26, and the second heat medium flow path.
- the switching device 23 is connected by a pipe 5 to constitute a heat medium circulation circuit B. That is, a plurality of usage-side heat exchangers 26 are connected in parallel to each of the heat exchangers between heat media 15, and the heat medium circulation circuit B has a plurality of systems.
- the outdoor unit 1 and the heat medium converter 3 are connected via the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a and the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b provided in the heat medium converter 3.
- the heat medium relay unit 3 and the indoor unit 2 are also connected to each other via the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a and the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b.
- the air conditioner 100 can perform a cooling operation or a heating operation in the indoor unit 2 based on an instruction from each indoor unit 2. That is, the air conditioning apparatus 100 can perform the same operation for all the indoor units 2 and can perform different operations for each of the indoor units 2.
- the operation mode executed by the air conditioner 100 includes a cooling only operation mode in which all the driven indoor units 2 execute a cooling operation, and a heating only operation in which all the driven indoor units 2 execute a heating operation. There are a cooling main operation mode in which the mode and the cooling load are larger, and a heating main operation mode in which the heating load is larger.
- a heat medium such as water or antifreeze liquid flows through the pipe 5 connecting the heat medium converter 3 and the indoor unit 2.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 such as an air conditioner normally operates as described above.
- the refrigerant circulation circuit A is constituted by aging, undesignated operations, etc.
- a part (component) to be damaged is damaged and must be replaced.
- Some parts are connected by a method such as brazing in which the brazing material is heated by a burner or the like to fix the refrigerant pipe 4 and the parts.
- a method may be used in which the brazing material is melted to fix the refrigerant pipe 4 and the component by a method of heating the brazing material by increasing the surface temperature by electricity.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 when replacing a failed part of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100, the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 is connected to the extraction pipe 27 and the extraction pipe, which are provided in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100, for allowing the refrigerant to flow out of the refrigerant circulation circuit A.
- a container connection device (connection valve) 28 such as a check valve or a manual open / close valve.
- a refrigerant recovery container (refrigerant recovery cylinder) 29A is connected to a container connection device (connection valve) 28, and a flow path is formed via an extraction pipe 27 and a container connection device (connection valve) 28. Then, the refrigerant flowing out from the refrigerant circuit A is collected in a refrigerant collection container (refrigerant collection cylinder) 29A. Then, after the recovery of the refrigerant from the refrigerant circuit A is almost completed, the refrigerant recovery container (refrigerant recovery cylinder) 29A is removed, and the valve of the container connection device (connection valve) 28 is opened to release to the atmosphere. Thereafter, the brazing material connecting the refrigerant pipe 4 and the parts is heated and melted by an action such as a burner fire, and the parts are removed from the refrigerant pipe 4 and replaced with new parts.
- the refrigerant circulation circuit A of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 of the present embodiment is filled with a flammable refrigerant (flammable refrigerant).
- a flammable refrigerant may ignite. Whether the combustible refrigerant ignites or the like is related to the refrigerant concentration in the refrigerant circuit A. The lower the refrigerant concentration, the lower the possibility of ignition and the like.
- the limit concentration (kg / m 3 ) at which the flammable refrigerant does not ignite or the like is referred to as “LFL” (Lower Flammability Limit).
- LFL of R32 is 0.306 (kg / m 3 )
- LFL of HFO1234yf tetrafluoropropene
- R290 propane
- each flammable refrigerant has a self-ignition temperature (Auto Ignition Temperature), the refrigerant concentration exceeds “LFL”, and if there is an object in the refrigerant atmosphere that exceeds the self-ignition temperature, it will ignite.
- Self-ignition Temperature Auto Ignition Temperature
- LFL self-ignition temperature
- R32 648 (° C)
- HFO1234yf tetrafluoropropene
- R290 propane
- the refrigerant concentration in the refrigerant circuit A cannot be made less than “LFL” only by the conventional parts replacement procedure described above, if the parts are removed after heating with a burner or the like, the external air and the pipe The refrigerant mixes with the refrigerant, and there is a refrigerant with a concentration of “LFL” or higher in the air, where there is a pipe or flame having a temperature higher than the self-ignition temperature. There is a possibility of waking up.
- the refrigerant concentration in the refrigerant circuit A is made less than “LFL”, and then the refrigerant pipe 4 is heated with a burner or the like to replace the parts.
- a new part replacement method is required. The method will be described below.
- the refrigerant circulation circuit A of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 assuming that the total internal volume of the portion through which the refrigerant flows is V (m 3 ) and the average density of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circulation circuit A is ⁇ (kg / m 3 ), the refrigerant circulation
- the weight m1 (kg) of the refrigerant in the circuit A is obtained by the equation (1).
- the density ⁇ (kg / m 3 ) of the refrigerant represents the weight of the refrigerant per unit volume.
- LFL (kg / m 3 ) is the refrigerant concentration expressed by the refrigerant weight per unit volume, and both are in the same unit. That is, the refrigerant weight m (kg) in the volume V (m 3 ) when the refrigerant concentration in the refrigerant circuit A is LFL (kg / m 3 ) is obtained by the equation (2).
- N (mx 1000) / M (3)
- the gas pressure is P (Pa)
- the gas volume is V (m 3 )
- the gas mole number is n (mol)
- the gas constant is R (Pa ⁇ L / (K ⁇ mol))
- the temperature is T (K)
- the gas constant R is 8.31447 ⁇ 10 3 (Pa ⁇ L / (K ⁇ mol)).
- Equation (6) Substituting Equations (2) and (3) into Equation (4) yields Equation (5), and transforming it yields Equation (6).
- the pressure in the refrigerant circuit A should be reduced to less than the pressure P indicated by the equation (7) when parts are replaced by brazing or the like.
- the refrigerant concentration does not exceed “LFL”, so that the refrigerant does not ignite and the parts can be safely replaced.
- the temperature of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 is the same as that of the surrounding air (room temperature) after the operation is stopped, and this temperature is 25 ° C. (298.15 (K)). Then, when this temperature is substituted into the equation (7) as the representative temperature T of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100, the pressure P becomes 14587.8 (Pa). Therefore, when R32 is used as a refrigerant, when replacing parts by brazing or the like, as a more specific pressure, for example, the pressure in the refrigerant circuit A (refrigerant pipe 4 or the like) is set to 14587.8 (Pa If the pressure is reduced to less than (), the refrigerant will not ignite and the parts can be replaced safely.
- the temperature of the refrigerant in the condenser on the high pressure side of the compressor 10 is about 50 ° C.
- the temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator on the low pressure side of the compressor 10 is It is often operated at about 0 ° C. Therefore, for example, considering that parts are replaced immediately after the operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 is stopped, when decompressing the refrigerant circulation circuit A (refrigerant pipe 4 or the like), representative refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 is represented. If the temperature T is reduced to less than 13364.6 (Pa), which is the pressure substituted into the equation (7), 0 ° C., parts can be replaced more safely.
- the set pressure may be determined based on “LFL” of each refrigerant component as described later. If the pressure is reduced to a level, safety can be further improved.
- HFO1234yf tetrafluoropropene
- the chemical formula is CF 3 CF ⁇ CH 2
- LFL is 0.289 (kg / m 3 )
- M is 114 (g / mol).
- T 273.15 ( If the pressure is reduced to less than 5757.5 (Pa), which is the pressure substituted with K) (0 (° C.)), the parts can be replaced more safely.
- the set pressure is determined based on the “LFL” of each refrigerant component as will be described later. However, if the pressure is reduced to the above pressure, the safety can be further improved.
- R290 propane
- the chemical formula is C 3 H 8
- “LFL” is 0.038 (kg / m 3 )
- the molecular weight M is 44.1 (g / mol).
- T 273.15 ( If the pressure is reduced to less than 1957.0 (Pa), which is the pressure substituted with K) (0 (° C.)), the parts can be replaced more safely.
- R290 (propane) is used as a refrigerant
- a mixed refrigerant in which R290 (propane) and a refrigerant that is less flammable than R290 (propane) are mixed as described later
- the set pressure may be determined based on “LFL”. However, if the pressure is reduced to the above pressure, safety can be further improved.
- the molecular weights of the first refrigerant component and the second refrigerant component are M1 (g / mol) and M2 (g / mol), respectively.
- the gas constant is R (Pa ⁇ L / K ⁇ mol)
- the representative temperature of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit A (refrigerant pipe 4 or the like) is T (K).
- the pressure P (Pa) is expressed by the equation (10) Can be obtained.
- the ratio of each component is determined, for example, by setting the whole refrigerant to 100 (hereinafter the same). If the pressure in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 can be made lower than the pressure P calculated by the equation (10), the refrigerant in the pipe will not ignite.
- the pressure in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 may be set to a pressure lower than the pressure P obtained by the equation (11).
- the set pressure may be less than 7945.08 (Pa).
- V (m 3 ) be the internal volume of the refrigerant circuit A (refrigerant pipe 4 or the like).
- S (m 3 / min) the exhaust speed of the vacuum pump
- S ⁇ ⁇ t (m 3 ) the volume of gas exhausted during a minute time ⁇ t (min) is It is obtained by S ⁇ ⁇ t (m 3 ).
- P (Pa) the pressure of this gas
- the amount of gas (pressure ⁇ volume) is S ⁇ P ⁇ ⁇ t.
- the pressure decreasing during ⁇ t is ⁇ P (Pa)
- the amount of gas discharged from the container can be determined by ⁇ V ⁇ ⁇ P. Since both are equal, equation (14) is obtained.
- V ⁇ ⁇ P ⁇ S ⁇ P ⁇ ⁇ t (14)
- equation (15) is obtained.
- the internal volume V of the refrigerant circuit A (refrigerant piping 4 etc.) of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 can be obtained by dividing the refrigerant weight (kg) in the refrigeration cycle by the average density ⁇ (kg / m 3 ) of the refrigerant. it can. For example, assuming that the average density of the refrigerant is 500 (kg / m 3 ) as the average of the liquid density and the gas density, and the refrigerant weight in the refrigeration cycle is 30 (kg), the refrigerant circulation circuit of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 The internal volume V of A (refrigerant piping 4 etc.) is determined to be 0.06 (m 3 ).
- the pump exhaust speed S is set to 0.02 (m 3 / min), and the initial pressure P1 in the refrigerant circulation circuit A (refrigerant pipe 4 or the like) is set to 101325 (Pa) (atmospheric pressure).
- the final pressure P2 is 13364.6 (Pa) when the refrigerant is R32, 5757.5 (Pa) when HFO1234yf is used, and 1957.0 (Pa) when propane is used, as previously obtained. Substituting these into equation (16) gives 6 minutes and 5 seconds when the refrigerant is R32, 8 minutes and 36 seconds when the refrigerant is HFO1234yf, and 11 minutes and 51 seconds when it is propane. If the decompression operation is performed on the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 for this time or longer, the refrigerant density in the refrigerant circuit A can be made less than “LFL”, and the components can be safely replaced. Further, when the pressure is reduced to a pressure corresponding to the refrigerant temperature of 0 ° C., the replacement can be performed more safely.
- the decompression time to a predetermined pressure can be predicted. For this reason, even if it does not depressurize, measuring pressure with a pressure gauge etc., the inside of the refrigerating cycle device 100 (refrigerant circuit A) can be depressurized to safe pressure by using the estimated depressurization time as a set time.
- the pressure reduction target pressure P2 based on the refrigerant type or refrigerant type, the total internal volume V of the refrigerant circuit A (refrigerant piping 4 etc.) of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100, and the exhaust speed of the pressure reduction apparatus (vacuum pump) 29B If S is set, the set time can be calculated.
- the decompression device (vacuum pump) 29B By operating the decompression device (vacuum pump) 29B for a set time and decompressing the inside of the refrigeration cycle device 100, the inside of the refrigeration cycle device 100 can be made less than the decompression target pressure, so that the refrigeration cycle device 100 detects pressure. Even if no device is provided, parts can be safely exchanged.
- the total internal volume V of the refrigerant circuit A (refrigerant piping 4 and the like) of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 may be obtained by actual measurement or the like. Further, the model name or model capacity of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100, the capacity such as the extension pipe length, and the like may be calculated and estimated based on values that can be estimated.
- the exhaust speed of the decompression device (vacuum pump) 29B is set as a default value, so that the value input can be omitted in the calculation.
- the exhaust speed of the decompression device (vacuum pump) 29B having the smallest exhaust speed among the assumed decompression devices (vacuum pumps) 29B is a predetermined value. Can be used to omit the input of values.
- the relationship between these values and the set time is calculated in advance, and diagrams (graphs, etc.), tables, etc. are written (created). You may make it determine the setting time of an apparatus.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a part replacement procedure according to the embodiment of the present invention. The part replacement process will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the exchange process is started (ST1).
- the refrigerant recovery container (refrigerant recovery cylinder) 29A is connected to the container connection device (connection valve) 28 (ST2), the valve of the container connection device (connection valve) 28 is opened, and the refrigerant circuit A and the refrigerant recovery container (refrigerant recovery) Reservoir flow path with cylinder 29A is secured.
- the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 is recovered in the refrigerant recovery container (refrigerant recovery cylinder) 29A (ST3).
- the valve of the container connection device (connection valve) 28 is closed, and the refrigerant recovery container (refrigerant recovery cylinder) 29A is removed from the container connection device (connection valve) 28 (ST4).
- the decompression device (vacuum pump) 29B is connected to the container connection device (connection valve) 28 (ST5), the valve of the container connection device (connection valve) 28 is opened, and the refrigerant circuit A and the decompression device (vacuum pump) are opened.
- the decompression device (vacuum pump) 29B is operated to decompress the inside of the refrigeration cycle device 100 (refrigerant circuit A) (ST6).
- the decompression device (vacuum pump) 29B is placed in the container while the valve of the container connection device (connection valve) 28 remains open.
- connection device connection valve 28
- ambient air is caused to flow into the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 (ST8).
- the refrigerant density in the refrigerant circuit A is less than “LFL”.
- brazing connection part of the parts of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 (refrigerant circuit A) is covered with a burner or the like, the part is removed from the pipe (ST9), and a new replacement part is attached to the pipe by brazing (ST10). The process is completed (ST11).
- the container connection device (connection valve) 28 may be a valve that can be manually opened and closed. Further, a check valve that can secure the flow path by pushing the protrusion may be used. Any other device can be used as long as it can open and close the channel with the device outside the refrigeration cycle device 100.
- the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 is recovered in the refrigerant recovery container (refrigerant recovery cylinder) 29A
- the refrigerant recovery container refrigerant recovery cylinder 29A
- the refrigerant concentration around the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 does not increase. It is also possible to discharge (purge) the refrigerant around 100. For example, the refrigerant concentration around the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 is not increased, and the influence on the global environment is small.
- an electric vacuum pump is generally used for the decompression device (vacuum pump) 29B.
- a refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 is prepared by attaching a container filled with an adsorbent to the container connection apparatus 28 and adsorbing the refrigerant onto the adsorbent in the container.
- the refrigerant circulation circuit A (refrigerant piping 4 etc.) can be depressurized.
- any one can be used as long as the inside of the refrigerant circuit A (refrigerant pipe 4 or the like) of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 can be decompressed.
- the first corresponding to the use side heat exchanger 26 performing the heating operation.
- the use-side heat exchanger 26 performing the cooling operation by switching the first heat medium flow switching device 22 and the second heat medium flow switching device 23 to a flow path connected to the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b for heating.
- the first heat medium flow switching device 22 and the second heat medium flow switching device 23 corresponding to the above are switched to the flow channels connected to the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15 a for cooling. Heating operation and cooling operation can be performed freely.
- the first heat medium flow switching device 22 and the second heat medium flow switching device 23 are those that can switch a three-way flow path such as a three-way valve, and those that open and close a two-way flow path such as an on-off valve. What is necessary is just to switch a flow path, such as combining two.
- the first heat medium can be obtained by combining two things, such as a stepping motor driven mixing valve, which can change the flow rate of the three-way flow path, and two things, such as an electronic expansion valve, which can change the flow rate of the two-way flow path.
- the flow path switching device 22 and the second heat medium flow path switching device 23 may be used. In this case, it is possible to prevent water hammer due to sudden opening and closing of the flow path.
- the heat medium flow control device 25 is a two-way valve
- the heat medium flow control device 25 is installed as a control valve having a three-way flow path and a bypass pipe that bypasses the use-side heat exchanger 26. You may make it do.
- the heat medium flow control device 25 may be a stepping motor driven type that can control the flow rate flowing through the flow path, and may be a two-way valve or a one-way valve with one end closed. Further, as the heat medium flow control device 25, a device that opens and closes a two-way flow path such as an open / close valve may be used, and the average flow rate may be controlled by repeating ON / OFF.
- coolant flow path switching device 18 was shown as if it were a four-way valve, it is not restricted to this, A two-way flow-path switching valve and a three-way flow-path switching valve are used similarly. You may comprise so that a refrigerant
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 has been described as being capable of mixed cooling and heating operation, but is not limited thereto.
- One heat exchanger 15 and one expansion device 16 are connected to each other, and a plurality of use-side heat exchangers 26 and heat medium flow control valves 25 are connected in parallel to perform either a cooling operation or a heating operation. Even if there is no configuration, the same effect is obtained.
- the heat medium for example, brine (antifreeze), water, a mixture of brine and water, a mixture of water and an additive having a high anticorrosive effect, or the like can be used. Therefore, in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100, even if the heat medium leaks into the indoor space 7 through the indoor unit 2, a highly safe heat medium is used, which contributes to an improvement in safety. Become.
- the heat source side heat exchanger 12 and the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d are equipped with a blower, and in many cases, condensation or evaporation is promoted by blowing, but this is not restrictive.
- a blower for example, as the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d, a panel heater using radiation can be used, and as the heat source side heat exchanger 12, a water-cooled type in which heat is transferred by water or antifreeze liquid. Any material can be used as long as it can dissipate or absorb heat.
- the number of pumps 21a and 21b is not limited to one, and a plurality of small capacity pumps may be arranged in parallel.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 is not limited to the form described here, and the same thing can be achieved in a direct expansion type refrigeration cycle apparatus that circulates refrigerant to the indoor unit, and the same effect is achieved. Further, it may be a multi air conditioner for buildings, a packaged air conditioner, a room air conditioner, a refrigeration cycle apparatus in which a refrigerant is circulated, such as a refrigeration apparatus or a refrigeration apparatus. Anything can be used.
- the part replacement method of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 is configured such that when the parts of the refrigerant circuit A are replaced, the pressure in the refrigerant circuit A and the operating time of the decompression device (vacuum pump) 29B. Evacuate by decompression device (vacuum pump) 29B, etc. while managing by reducing the concentration of flammable refrigerant remaining in the refrigeration cycle below the flammable limit concentration, and then removing it using a burner or the like Therefore, it is possible to safely remove and replace the parts from the refrigeration cycle apparatus without firing.
- Heat source unit (outdoor unit), 2, 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d indoor unit, 3, 3a, 3b heat medium converter, 4, 4a, 4b refrigerant piping, 5, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d piping, 6 Outdoor space, 7 indoor space, 8 space, 9 building, 10 compressor, 11 first refrigerant flow switching device (four-way valve), 12 heat source side heat exchanger, 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d check valve, 14 ventilation Port, 15a, 15b heat exchanger between heat medium, 16a, 16b, 16c throttle device, 17a, 17b switchgear, 18a, 18b second refrigerant flow switching device, 19 accumulator, 20 pipe shaft, 21a, 21b pump ( Heat medium delivery device), 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d, first heat medium flow switching device, 23a, 23b, 23c, 23d, second heat medium flow switching device, 25a, 5b, 25c, 25d Heat medium flow control device, 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d Use side
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Abstract
Description
この発明の実施の形態について、図面に基づいて説明する。図1は、この発明の実施の形態に係る空気調和装置の設置例を示す概略図である。図1に基づいて、空気調和装置の設置例について説明する。この空気調和装置は、可燃性を有する熱源側冷媒(以下、冷媒という)、水等の冷媒となる熱媒体をそれぞれ循環させる回路(冷媒循環回路(冷凍サイクル回路)A、熱媒体循環回路B)を構成する機器等を有する装置を利用することで各室内機が運転モードとして冷房モードあるいは暖房モードを自由に選択できるものである。なお、図1を含め、以下の図面では各構成部材の大きさの関係が実際のものとは異なる場合がある。また、添字で区別等している複数の同種の機器等について、特に区別したり、特定したりする必要がない場合には、添字を省略して記載する場合もある。
室外機1には、圧縮機10と、四方弁等の第1冷媒流路切替装置11と、熱源側熱交換器12と、アキュムレーター19とが冷媒配管4で直列に接続されて搭載されている。また、室外機1には、第1接続配管4a、第2接続配管4b、逆止弁13a、逆止弁13b、逆止弁13c、および、逆止弁13dが設けられている。第1接続配管4a、第2接続配管4b、逆止弁13a、逆止弁13b、逆止弁13c、および、逆止弁13dを設けることで、室内機2の要求する運転に関わらず、熱媒体変換機3に流入させる冷媒の流れを一定方向にすることができる。
室内機2には、それぞれ利用側熱交換器26が搭載されている。この利用側熱交換器26は、配管5によって熱媒体変換機3の熱媒体流量調整装置25と第2熱媒体流路切替装置23に接続するようになっている。この利用側熱交換器26は、図示省略のファン等の送風機から供給される空気と熱媒体との間で熱交換を行ない、室内空間7に供給するための暖房用空気あるいは冷房用空気を生成するものである。
熱媒体変換機3には、2つの熱媒体間熱交換器15と、2つの絞り装置16と、2つの開閉装置17と、2つの第2冷媒流路切替装置18と、2つのポンプ21と、4つの第1熱媒体流路切替装置22と、4つの第2熱媒体流路切替装置23と、4つの熱媒体流量調整装置25と、が搭載されている。
本実施の形態に係る冷凍サイクル装置100が実行する幾つかの運転モードにおいては、熱媒体変換機3と室内機2を接続する配管5には水や不凍液等の熱媒体が流れている。
空気調和装置等の冷凍サイクル装置100は、通常は以上のような動作をしている。ここで、例えば現地での工事ミス等によって、冷媒循環回路A内に水分、ゴミ等が入り込む、また、経年劣化、設計想定外の動作等により、冷凍サイクル装置100の特に冷媒循環回路Aを構成する部品(構成部品)が破損し、交換しなければならない場合を考える。
P=(LFL×R×1000/M)×T …(6)
T=298.15(K)(25(℃))を代入すると、圧力Pは2136.1(Pa)となる。ロウ付け等により部品交換を行う際に、より具体的な圧力として、例えば冷媒循環回路A(冷媒配管4等)内の圧力を2136.1(Pa)未満に減圧すれば、先と同じ理由により、ロウ付け等を安全に行うことができ、安全に部品を交換することができる。また、冷凍サイクル装置100の運転が停止された直後に部品を交換することを考え、冷媒循環回路A(冷媒配管4等)内の減圧を行う際、(9)式にT=273.15(K)(0(℃))を代入した圧力である1957.0(Pa)未満まで減圧するようにすれば、さらに安全に部品を交換することができる。
+LFL2×第二の冷媒成分の比率)×R×1000/
(M1×第一の冷媒成分の比率
+M2×第二の冷媒成分の比率)}×T …(10)
+21.08×HFO1234yfの比率)×T …(11)
+6284.4×HFO1234yfの比率 …(12)
+5757.5×HFO1234yfの比率 …(13)
=(V/S)×2.303×log10(P1/P2) …(16)
Claims (13)
- 可燃性を有する冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機と、熱交換により前記冷媒を凝縮する凝縮器と、凝縮された冷媒の圧力調整をする絞り装置と、減圧した前記冷媒と空気とを熱交換して前記冷媒を蒸発させる蒸発器とを配管接続して冷媒循環回路を構成する冷凍サイクル装置の部品を交換する方法であって、
容器接続装置を介して前記冷媒循環回路外に前記冷媒を流出させる冷媒回収ステップと、
減圧装置を前記容器接続装置に接続し、前記冷媒循環回路内の圧力が設定圧力になるまで、または設定時間になるまで、前記容器接続装置を介して前記冷媒循環回路内の圧力を低減させる減圧ステップと、
加熱により前記冷媒循環回路から前記部品を取り外し、交換を行う部品交換ステップと
を有する冷凍サイクル装置の部品交換方法。 - 前記冷媒の種類または前記冷媒の種類に基づく圧力、測定または推測により得られた前記冷媒循環回路の冷媒が流れる部分の合計内容積並びに前記減圧装置の排気速度に基づいて、前記設定時間を決定する請求項1に記載の冷凍サイクル装置の部品交換方法。
- 前記冷媒の種類または前記冷媒の種類に基づく圧力、測定または推測により得られた前記冷媒循環回路の冷媒が流れる部分の合計内容積並びに前記減圧装置の排気速度と前記設定時間との関係をあらかじめ線図にしておき、前記設定時間を決定する請求項1または請求項2に記載の冷凍サイクル装置の部品交換方法。
- 冷媒の分子量をM(g/mol)、気体定数をR(Pa×L/K×mol)、前記冷媒循環回路内の冷媒の代表温度をT(K)、冷媒の可燃性下限をLFL(kg/m3 )とした場合に、LFL×1000×R×T/M(Pa)で表される値未満の圧力を前記設定圧力とする請求項1~請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置の部品交換方法。
- 前記冷媒は、R32、またはR32とR32よりも可燃性の弱い冷媒とを混合した混合冷媒であり、前記冷媒循環回路内における冷媒の代表温度をT(K)とした場合に、48.93×T(Pa)で表される値未満の圧力を前記設定圧力とする請求項1~請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置の部品交換方法。
- 前記設定圧力を、13364.6(Pa)未満とする請求項1~請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置の部品交換方法。
- 前記冷媒は、HFO1234yf、またはHFO1234yfとHFO1234yfよりも可燃性の弱い冷媒とを混合した混合冷媒であり、前記冷媒循環回路内における冷媒の代表温度をT(K)とした場合に、21.08×T(Pa)で表される値未満の圧力を前記設定圧力とする請求項1~請求項4に記載の冷凍サイクル装置の部品交換方法。
- 前記設定圧力を、5757.5(Pa)未満とする請求項1~請求項4または請求項7のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置の部品交換方法。
- 前記冷媒は、R290、またはR290とR290よりも可燃性の弱い冷媒とを混合した混合冷媒であり、前記冷媒循環回路内における冷媒の代表温度をT(K)とした場合に、7.17×T(Pa)で表される値未満の圧力を前記設定圧力とする未満であることを特徴とする請求項1~請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の部品交換方法。
- 前記設定圧力は、1957.0(Pa)未満である請求項1~請求項4または請求項9のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置の部品交換方法。
- 前記冷媒は、少なくとも第一の冷媒成分と第二の冷媒成分との2種類の可燃性を有する冷媒を含む混合冷媒であり、第一の冷媒成分および第二の冷媒成分の分子量をそれぞれM1(g/mol)およびM2(g/mol)、気体定数をR(Pa×L/K×mol)、前記冷媒循環回路内の冷媒の代表温度をT(K)、第一の冷媒成分および第二の冷媒成分の可燃性下限をそれぞれLFL1(kg/m3 )およびLFL2(kg/m3 )とした場合に、(LFL1×第一の冷媒成分の比率+LFL2×第二の冷媒成分の比率)×1000×R×T/(M1×第一の冷媒成分の比率+M2×第二の冷媒成分の比率)(Pa)で表される値未満の圧力を前記設定圧力とする請求項1~請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置の部品交換方法。
- 前記冷媒は、HFO1234yfとR32とを含む混合冷媒であり、前記冷媒循環回路内における冷媒の代表温度をT(K)とした場合に、(48.93×R32の比率+21.08×HFO1234yfの比率)×T(Pa)で表される値未満の圧力を前記設定圧力とする請求項1~請求項3または請求項11のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置の部品交換方法。
- 前記設定圧力は、13364.6×R32の比率+5757.5×HFO1234yfの比率(Pa)で表される値未満である請求項1~請求項3、請求項11または請求項12に記載の冷凍サイクル装置の部品交換方法。
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US13/880,318 US9279607B2 (en) | 2010-12-03 | 2010-12-03 | Method of part replacement for refrigeration cycle apparatus |
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EP10860338.2A EP2647930B1 (en) | 2010-12-03 | 2010-12-03 | Part replacement method for refrigeration cycle device |
JP2012546578A JPWO2012073292A1 (ja) | 2010-12-03 | 2010-12-03 | 冷凍サイクル装置の部品交換方法 |
PCT/JP2010/007046 WO2012073292A1 (ja) | 2010-12-03 | 2010-12-03 | 冷凍サイクル装置の部品交換方法 |
CN201080070237.7A CN103221764B (zh) | 2010-12-03 | 2010-12-03 | 制冷循环装置的部件更换方法 |
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DE102017128702A1 (de) | 2017-12-04 | 2019-06-06 | Vaillant Gmbh | Sicherheitsbehälter für Arbeitsfluid |
DE102018127232A1 (de) | 2018-10-31 | 2020-04-30 | Vaillant Gmbh | Segmentierung des Fluidumlaufs |
DE102018127205A1 (de) | 2018-10-31 | 2020-04-30 | Vaillant Gmbh | Sicherheitszone im Kondensator |
DE102018129131A1 (de) | 2018-11-20 | 2020-06-04 | Vaillant Gmbh | Arbeitsfluid-Management |
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AU2010364872B2 (en) | 2015-06-04 |
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