WO2012068827A1 - 液压防抱死制动装置 - Google Patents

液压防抱死制动装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012068827A1
WO2012068827A1 PCT/CN2011/073353 CN2011073353W WO2012068827A1 WO 2012068827 A1 WO2012068827 A1 WO 2012068827A1 CN 2011073353 W CN2011073353 W CN 2011073353W WO 2012068827 A1 WO2012068827 A1 WO 2012068827A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
brake
valve
way valve
oil
hydraulic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/073353
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
窦兰梅
王星
Original Assignee
南阳泰鼎科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 南阳泰鼎科技有限公司 filed Critical 南阳泰鼎科技有限公司
Priority to KR1020137016358A priority Critical patent/KR20130116297A/ko
Publication of WO2012068827A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012068827A1/zh
Priority to US13/902,874 priority patent/US9096202B2/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T11/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant
    • B60T11/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant transmitting by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
    • B60T11/12—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant transmitting by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic the transmitted force being varied therein
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/12—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid
    • B60T13/14—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid using accumulators or reservoirs fed by pumps
    • B60T13/141—Systems with distributor valve
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/12—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid
    • B60T13/14—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid using accumulators or reservoirs fed by pumps
    • B60T13/148—Arrangements for pressure supply
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/02—Arrangements of pumps or compressors, or control devices therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/04—Arrangements of piping, valves in the piping, e.g. cut-off valves, couplings or air hoses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/321—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration deceleration
    • B60T8/3295—Systems in which there is a pulsating signal superposed on the command signal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/341—Systems characterised by their valves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/36—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition including a pilot valve responding to an electromagnetic force
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
    • F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
    • F16D65/22—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for pressing members apart, e.g. for drum brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/02—Fluid pressure
    • F16D2121/04—Fluid pressure acting on a piston-type actuator, e.g. for liquid pressure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vehicle brake device, and more particularly to a hydraulically controlled hydraulic anti-lock brake device.
  • An anti-lock brake device is a device that can prevent a wheel from being completely locked and losing control when the vehicle is braked.
  • newly developed cars are generally equipped with such devices.
  • the braking performance of the four wheels is inconsistent, and some of the wheels are locked, resulting in deviation, loss of control and side slip.
  • anti-lock braking devices have been developed.
  • the anti-lock brake device includes a sensor, a controller, and a regulator.
  • the controller and regulator are typically microprocessors.
  • the master cylinder When the driver steps on the brake pedal, the master cylinder outputs a certain amount of hydraulic pressure to the cylinder according to the magnitude of the pedal force.
  • the sensor mounted on the wheel monitors the change in the angular velocity of the wheel and immediately transmits the information to the controller. Once the controller detects a large change in angular velocity, it issues a command to the regulator to adjust the brake pressure of the wheel brake cylinder.
  • the size of the electronic ABS is large, and the finished car does not necessarily have enough space to install the electronic ABS.
  • the electronic ABS starts to act at the moment when the wheel is locked, and acts 6 to 12 times per second, increasing the frequency of the brake, making the brake The braking force is more linear, the braking is more stable, and the braking distance can be reduced.
  • the frequency of the point brake is realized by the commutation of the solenoid valve, because the response speed of the coil in the solenoid valve determines the frequency of the point brake can no longer be Improvement, therefore also determines that the existing brake structure is unlikely to significantly reduce the braking distance.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic anti-lock brake device which is compact in structure, stable in braking, and shortens braking distance.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: the hydraulic anti-lock brake device, having a fuel tank equipped with hydraulic oil, a pump motor unit, a check valve, a pilot-operated relief valve, a manual two-position three-way
  • the valve, the adjustable flow valve, the high pressure oil inlet pipe and the oil return pipe are characterized in that: the high pressure oil inlet pipe and the oil return pipe are connected with each other, the negative feedback liquid control two-position four-way valve, and the mutual negative feedback hydraulic control two-position four-way valve connection system
  • the oil is red
  • the brake cylinder is connected with the friction plate
  • the inner cavity of the mutual negative feedback hydraulic control 2/2-way valve is provided with a fast jump valve hole communicating with the valve core cavity, and the fast jump valve is located at the fast jump valve In the hole, a feedback slot is arranged at both ends of the inner cavity of the brake cylinder, and the feedback is connected to the quick valve hole through the oil passage.
  • the brake oil rainbow is two and oppositely disposed.
  • the output end of the one-way valve is connected with a hydraulically controlled two-position three-way valve
  • the output end of the liquid-controlled two-position three-way valve is provided with a manual two-position three-way valve
  • the output of the manual two-position three-way valve is provided with a brake Oil red
  • brake oil red is connected with tensioned parking brake pads.
  • An accumulator is connected in parallel with the output of the one-way valve.
  • the oil pipe is connected with the mutual negative feedback hydraulic control two-position four-way valve, the mutual negative feedback hydraulic control two-position four-way valve is connected to the brake oil red, the brake oil red is connected with the friction piece, and the negative negative feedback liquid control two-position four-way valve
  • the fast jump valve can push the valve core of the hydraulic control 2/2-way valve to re-actuate, thereby adjusting the connection with the brake cylinder oil circuit, and realizing the linear reciprocating of the piston rod of the brake cylinder. Movement, driving the friction piece to quickly contact with the brake drum or disc of the car to achieve braking.
  • the work of the impact force instead of the friction force can greatly shorten the braking distance.
  • the friction braking is performed by The two straight lines are the steep line with steep speed drop at the beginning of deceleration and the oblique line with small slope at the later stage.
  • the acceleration -a is large, resulting in a large rotational inertia force and a braking frequency of 300 times/second.
  • the dynamic frequency, the impact force is achieved, and the braking curve is A diagonal line with a small slope, the acceleration - a is small, the inertial force is small, and the braking distance is greatly shortened.
  • the anti-lock brake device can avoid the direction of the brakes during the emergency braking and the side slip of the wheel, so that the wheel is not locked when the brake is braked, and the tire is not rubbed against the ground at one point, thereby increasing the friction force, so that the friction force is increased.
  • the brake efficiency is over 98%, which ensures the safety of the brakes.
  • it can reduce the brake consumption and prolong the service life of the brake drums, discs and tires.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an anti-lock brake device that can be used for a disc brake.
  • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.
  • the hydraulic anti-lock brake device shown in Figure 1 is mainly used for drum brake system, with fuel tank with hydraulic oil 1, pump motor unit 3, check valve 5, pilot type relief valve 6, manual two The three-way valve 7, the adjustable flow valve 8, the high pressure oil inlet pipe 9 and the oil return pipe 25.
  • the oil tank 1 is provided with a partition 2, and the lower part of the fuel tank is divided into two parts so that the hydraulic oil outputted from the oil return pipe is precipitated.
  • the inlet of the pump motor unit 3 is located in the oil tank on the side of the partition plate, and the output pipe of the pump motor unit 3 is connected.
  • check valve 5 There is a check valve 5, the check valve 5 is connected with the pilot type relief valve 6 and the manual two-position three-way valve 7, the outlet of the pilot type relief valve 6 is connected to the oil tank 1, and the outlet connection of the manual two-position three-way valve 7 is adjustable
  • An accumulator 32 is connected in parallel with the output end of the check valve to maintain the pressure in the high pressure inlet pipe 9 and to stabilize the pressure.
  • the high pressure oil inlet pipe 9 and the oil return pipe 25 are connected with the mutual negative feedback hydraulic control two-position four-way valve 11 , the mutual negative feedback hydraulic control two-position four-way valve 11 is connected to the brake oil red 19 , and the brake oil red 19 is connected with the friction plate. twenty two.
  • the mutual negative feedback hydraulic control 2/2-way valve has a valve body 11 , the valve body 11 is provided with a valve core cavity, the valve core 13 is located in the valve core cavity, and the valve body 11 is provided with a high pressure oil inlet P port and a high pressure movement.
  • Oil return oil O port, high pressure oil input oil port P is connected with high pressure oil inlet pipe 9, high pressure oil return oil O port and return oil pipe 25 are connected, mutual negative feedback liquid control two position four-way valve spool cavity two An oil return groove is arranged on the inner wall of the end in the axial direction 14.
  • the spool 13 is maintained in a position on one side of the spool chamber to maintain a spool cavity at the end of the spool and to communicate with the return line, to reduce the resistance of the spool when the spool is reversed, and the valve body at both ends of the spool chamber
  • the brake cylinder 19 is divided into the pistonless cavity by the piston 20 and has In the piston rod cavity, the inner cylinder of the brake cylinder 19 is provided with an upper negative feedback groove 18 and a lower negative feedback groove 21, and the upper negative feedback groove 18 is connected with the fast jump valve hole 17 of the mutual negative feedback hydraulic control 2/2-way valve 11.
  • the lower negative feedback slot 21 is connected to the control oil passage 24, and the outlet of the control oil passage 24 communicates with the fast-explosion valve hole 10 of the mutual negative feedback hydraulic control 2/2-way valve 11, and the upper end portion of the piston rod chamber is connected to the oil rainbow.
  • the other end of the oil passage upper passage 15 is connected to the hydraulic control 2/2-way valve A port, and the lower end of the piston chamber is connected to the oil rainbow lower chamber passage 23, and the other end of the oil rainbow lower chamber passage 23 is connected to each other.
  • the hydraulic anti-four-dead brake device shown in Fig. 2 is mainly used for the disc brake system.
  • the mutually negative feedback hydraulic control 2/2-way valve 11 connects two brake oil rainbows 19, 26, the two brake oil reds 19, 26 are oppositely disposed, and the brake oil red 19, 26 are respectively connected with the friction plates 22 27, under the driving of the brake oil red 19, 26, the two friction plates 22, 27 are driven to reciprocate at the same time, and the disk is quickly hung and loosened to realize the point brake.
  • a liquid-controlled two-position three-way valve 28 is connected in parallel at the output end of the one-way valve 5, and a manual two-position three-way valve 29 is provided at the output end of the hydraulic control two-position three-way valve 28, and the manual two-position three-way valve The output end of the valve 29 is provided with a brake cylinder 30.
  • the piston rod chamber of the brake oil rainbow 30 is provided with a spring 31, and the brake cylinder is connected with a tensioned parking brake pad.
  • the hydraulic oil cannot open the hydraulic control two-position three-way valve 28, and the hydraulic oil passes through the hydraulic control two-position three-way valve 28
  • the oil return port is directly connected to the fuel tank, so the brake cylinder 30 cannot be started. Under the action of the spring in the brake cylinder 30, the tensioned parking brake brake pad can lock the wheel hub or the brake disc. Move to ensure safe driving.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
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Description

： ¾ £防抱死制动装置 技术领域 本发明属于机动车制动装置， 具体涉及一种液压控制的液压防抱死制动装 置。 背景技术 防抱死制动装置， 是在车辆制动时， 能够防止车轮完全抱死而失去控制的 装置。 目前新开发的汽车， 一般都己装有这种装置。 在制动时， 通常由于种种 因素， 四个车轮的制动效能不一致， 发生部分车轮抱死， 从而出现跑偏、 失控 和侧滑等等现象。 特别是在高速行驶紧急制动时， 往往因某个车轮抱死而失去 控制， 导致严重的伤亡事故。 因此， 人们开发了防抱死制动装置。 其主要的目 的， 就是使四个车轮制动器都能发挥其最大的制动效能， 而又不会抱死， 从而 缩短制动距离， 并提高操纵稳定性。 防抱死制动装置包括传感器、 控制器、 和 调节器。 控制器和调节器一般是微处理机。 当驾驶员踩制动踏板时， 制动总泵 根据踏板力的大小输出一定的液压给分泵。 装在车轮上的传感器监测着车轮转 动角速度的变化， 并立即将信息传给控制器， 控制器一旦发现角速度出现较大 的变化， 便发出指令给调节器， 调节车轮制动器油缸的制动压力。 即当车轮快 要抱死的时候， 减少制动压力， 使车轮处于似停非停， 又滚又滑的状态， 与路 面的摩擦力始终接近最大静摩擦力， 然后， 再增加制动压力， 直到车轮快要抱 死再减压。每秒钟可如此反复约十次。 这样， 一方面可以得到最大的制动效能， 一方面又能避免车轮抱死而失去控制。 防抱死制动装置在汽车上应用以后， 效 果很好， 特别是在易滑的冰雪路面上， 效果显著， 平均可缩短制动距离 20— 30%, 大大提高了汽车的安全性能。 电子式 ABS的体积大， 而成品车不一定有 足够的空间安装电子 ABS , 电子式 ABS是在车轮锁死的刹那开始作用， 每秒 钟作用 6〜12 次， 增加点刹的频率， 使刹车的制动力更线性， 刹车更平稳， 可 减少刹车距离， 但现有技术中点刹的频率是靠电磁阀进行换向来实现的， 由于 电磁阀中线圏的响应速度决定了点刹的频率无法再提高， 因此也决定了现有的 刹车结构不可能大幅度缩短制动距离。 发明内容 为解决现有技术存在的上述缺陷， 本发明的目的在于提供一种结构紧凑， 制动平稳， 缩短刹车距离的液压防抱死制动装置。 为实现上述目的， 本发明釆用的技术方案是： 该液压防抱死制动装置， 具 有装有液压油的油箱、 泵电机组、 单向阀、 先导式溢流阀、 手动二位三通阀、 可调节流阀、 高压进油管和回油管， 其特征在于： 所述高压进油管和回油管连 接互负反馈液控二位四通阀， 互负反馈液控二位四通阀连接制动油紅， 制动油 缸连接有磨擦片； 所述互负反馈液控二位四通阀的内腔两端设有与阀芯腔相连 通的快跳阀孔，快跳阀位于快跳阀孔内，所述制动油缸内腔的两端设有反馈槽， 反馈 ^曹通过油道连通快兆阀孔。 所述制动油虹为两个， 且相对设置。 所述单向阀的输出端并联有液控二位三通阀， 液控二位三通阀的输出端设 有手动二位三通阀， 手动二位三通阀的输出端设有制动油紅， 制动油紅连接有 张紧式驻车制动刹车片。 所述单向阀的输出端并联有蓄能器。 釆用上述技术方案的有益效果： 该液压防抱死制动装置的动力元件由油 箱、 泵电机组、 先导式溢流阀、 手动二位三通阀、 可调节流阀组成， 动力元件 的进油管与互负反馈液控二位四通阀相连通， 互负反馈液控二位四通阀连接制 动油紅， 制动油紅连接有磨擦片， 互负反馈液控二位四通阀两端设有两个快跳 阀， 快跳阀可推动液控二位四通阀的阀芯住复动作， 从而调整与制动油缸油路 的连接， 实现制动油缸的活塞杆作直线往复运动， 带动磨擦片与汽车刹车轮鼓 或碟片快速接触， 实现制动。 通过调节可调节流阀的流量， 并通过制动油虹与 互负反馈液控二位四通阀的互负反馈， 并通过可调节流阀来调整负反馈油缸的 活塞 4干的换向频率。 制动油紅的油路响应速度可达 1250-1350m/s, 可实现 300 次 /秒的制动频率， 相当于不停地刹车、 放松。 该防抱死制动装置利用冲击力作 功， 取代传统的摩擦力作功， 由能量守恒公式 1/2MV2=10FS可知， 当 V2—定 时，制动力 F越大，制动距离 S则愈短，由物理学可知，冲击力是摩擦力的 20 ~ 200倍， 由此可知， 由冲击力作功来代替摩擦力作功， 可大大缩短制动距离， 由制动力曲线可知， 摩擦力制动是由两条直线构成， 即为减速初期的速度陡降 的陡直线和后期的斜率较小的斜直线， 在减速初期加速度 -a大， 造成转动惯性 力大， 制动频率在 300次 /秒的制动频率， 实现了冲击力作功， 此时制动曲线是 一条斜率较小的斜直线， 加速度 -a较小， 惯性力小， 大大缩短了制动距离。 因 此， 该防抱死制动装置能避免在紧急刹车时方向失控及车轮侧滑， 使车轮在刹 车时不被锁死， 不让轮胎在一个点上与地面摩擦， 从而加大磨擦力， 使刹车效 率达到 98%以上， 保证了刹车的安全， 同时还能减少刹车消耗，延长刹车轮鼓、 碟片和轮胎二倍以上的使用寿命。 附图说明 构成本发明的一部分的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解， 本发明的示 意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明， 并不构成对本发明的不当限定。 在附图 中： 图 1为本发明液压防抱死制动装置的结构示意图。 图 2为可用于盘式碟刹的防抱死制动装置的结构示意图。 具体实施方式 需要说明的是， 在不冲突的情况下， 本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征 可以相互组合。 下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。 如图 1所示的液压防抱死制动装置， 主要用于鼓式刹车系统， 具有装有液 压油的油箱 1、 泵电机组 3、 单向阀 5、 先导式溢流阀 6、 手动二位三通阀 7、 可调节流阀 8、 高压进油管 9和回油管 25。 油箱 1 内设有隔板 2, 将油箱下部 空间隔成两部分， 以便回油管输出的液压油进行沉淀， 泵电机组 3的入口位于 隔板一侧油箱内， 泵电机组 3的输出管连接有单向阀 5 , 单向阀 5连接先导式 溢流阀 6和手动二位三通阀 7, 先导式溢流阀 6的出口连通油箱 1 , 手动二位 三通阀 7的出口连接可调节流阀 8, 与可调节流阀 8连接的高压进油管 9输出 高压油， 回油管 25的管道上设有细滤器 4, 回油管 25 出口位于油箱隔板的另 一侧油箱内。 所述单向阀的输出端并联有蓄能器 32, 能够保持高压进油管 9内 的压力且使压力平稳。 所述高压进油管 9和回油管 25连接互负反馈液控二位 四通阀 11 , 互负反馈液控二位四通阀 11连接制动油紅 19, 制动油紅 19连接 有磨擦片 22。 互负反馈液控二位四通阀具有阀体 11 , 阀体 11 内设有阀芯腔， 阀芯 13位于阀芯腔内，阀体 11上设有高压动油进油 P口和高压动油回油 O口， 高压动油进油 P口与高压进油管 9相连通， 高压动油回油 O口与回油管 25相 连通， 互负反馈液控二位四通阀的阀芯腔两端的内壁上轴向方向上设有回油槽 14, 使阀芯 13 在位于阀芯腔的一侧位置时保持阀芯端部的阀芯腔与回油管相 连通， 减小阀芯换向时的运动阻力， 位于阀芯腔两端的阀体上分别设有与阀芯 腔相连通的快跳阀孔 10、 17, 快跳阀 12、 16位于快跳阀孔 10、 17内； 制动油 缸 19由活塞 20分为无活塞杆腔与有活塞杆腔， 制动油缸 19内腔两端设有上 负反馈槽 18和下负反馈槽 21 , 上负反馈槽 18与互负反馈液控二位四通阀 11 的快跳阀孔 17相连通， 下负反馈槽 21连通有控制油道 24, 控制油道 24的出 口连通互负反馈液控二位四通阀 11的快跳阀孔 10, 无活塞杆腔上端侧部连通 油虹上腔通道 15 , 油虹上腔通道 15的另一端连通液控二位四通阀 A口， 有活 塞才干腔下端侧部连通油虹下腔通道 23 , 油虹下腔通道 23的另一端连通互负反 馈液控二位四通阀 11的 B 口。 如图 2所示的液压防 4包死制动装置， 主要用于 盘式刹车系统。 所述互负反馈液控二位四通阀 11连接两个制动油虹 19、 26, 该两个制动油紅 19、 26相对设置， 制动油紅 19、 26分别连接有摩擦片 22、 27, 在制动油紅 19、 26的驱动下， 带动两摩擦片 22、 27同时往复运动， 对盘片快 速抱紧、 松开实现点刹。 作为进一步的改进， 在单向阀 5的输出端并联有液控 二位三通阀 28, 液控二位三通阀 28的输出端设有手动二位三通阀 29, 手动二 位三通阀 29的输出端设有制动油缸 30,制动油虹 30的有活塞杆腔内设有弹簧 31 , 制动油缸连接有张紧式驻车制动刹车片。 当液压系统中压力不够时， 行车 制动系统无法正常工作， 出现刹车失效的危险情况， 此时液压油无法正常开启 液控二位三通阀 28 , 液压油通过液控二位三通阀 28的回油口直接 ¾ϊ至油箱， 故制动油缸 30无法启动， 在制动油缸 30内的弹簧的作用下使张紧式驻车制动 刹车片抱死汽车车轮毂或刹车盘片， 实现制动， 确保行驶安全。 当液压系统压 力增到正常压力时， 制动油虹 30 动作， 克 艮弹簧的压力， 制动解除， 车辆方 可正常行马史。 以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已， 并不用于限制本发明， 对于本领 域的技术人员来说， 本发明可以有各种更改和变化。 凡在本发明的 ^"神和原则 之内， 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等， 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之 内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种液压防 4包死制动装置， 具有装有液压油的油箱、 泵电机组、 单向阀、 先导式溢流阀、 手动二位三通阀、 可调节流阀、 高压进油管和回油管， 其特征在于： 所述高压进油管和回油管连接互负反馈液控二位四通阀， 互负反馈液控二位四通阀连接制动油缸， 制动油虹连接有磨擦片； 所述 互负反馈液控二位四通阀的内腔两端设有与阀芯腔相连通的快跳阀孔， 快跳阀位于快跳阀孔内， 所述制动油缸内腔的两端设有反馈槽， 反馈槽 通过油道连通快跳阀孑
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的液压防抱死制动装置， 其特征在于： 所述制动油 虹为两个， 且相对设置。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的液压防抱死制动装置， 其特征在于： 所述单 向阀的输出端并联有液控二位三通阀， 液控二位三通阀的输出端设有手 动二位三通阀， 手动二位三通阀的输出端设有制动油紅， 制动油紅连接 有张紧式驻车制动刹车片。
4. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的液压防抱死制动装置， 其特征在于： 所述单 向阀的输出端并联有蓄能器。
5. 根据权利要求 3所述的液压防抱死制动装置， 其特征在于： 所述单向阀 的输出端并联有蓄能器。
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CN115095618A (zh) * 2022-06-27 2022-09-23 浙江师范大学 一种复合式线控制动器、制动系统及控制方法

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