WO2012066113A1 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zur behandlung eines keramischen werkstücks - Google Patents
Vorrichtung und verfahren zur behandlung eines keramischen werkstücks Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012066113A1 WO2012066113A1 PCT/EP2011/070432 EP2011070432W WO2012066113A1 WO 2012066113 A1 WO2012066113 A1 WO 2012066113A1 EP 2011070432 W EP2011070432 W EP 2011070432W WO 2012066113 A1 WO2012066113 A1 WO 2012066113A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- workpiece
- rolling
- treatment
- treatment body
- ceramic
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C71/00—After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P9/00—Treating or finishing surfaces mechanically, with or without calibrating, primarily to resist wear or impact, e.g. smoothing or roughening turbine blades or bearings; Features of such surfaces not otherwise provided for, their treatment being unspecified
- B23P9/02—Treating or finishing by applying pressure, e.g. knurling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
- B24B19/008—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding ceramics, pottery, table ware
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B39/00—Burnishing machines or devices, i.e. requiring pressure members for compacting the surface zone; Accessories therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
- C21D7/08—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by burnishing or the like
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the mechanical treatment of workpieces or components which have a ceramic material completely or at least in the region of the surface to be treated.
- Ceramic materials are characterized by high hardness, strength and rigidity.
- the most important structural ceramics include alumina, silicon carbide, silicon nitride and zirconia.
- silicon nitride and silicon carbide are used, for example, in the production of rolling or sliding bearings. In addition to low wear, they have a high temperature and corrosion resistance.
- DE 196 52 872 C2 discloses a method for increasing the edge Layer strength known on surfaces of workpieces made of brittle-hard materials.
- the workpiece surface is brought into tightly limited surface areas in contact with a tool that removes material without plastically deformed the surface area and generates near the surface compressive residual stresses within the workpiece.
- an irradiation with balls is proposed, which are driven onto the surface of the workpiece by means of a jet-driven or blast-wheel-driven blasting machine in order to achieve a plastic deformation of the surface, without so-called brittle fractures occurring. It can be seen that even ceramics have sufficient plastic deformability to allow the mechanical generation of residual compressive stresses in the surface layer.
- a disadvantage of the method of shot peening is that the beam must be adjusted so that a limit to the occurrence of brittle fractures of the material is not exceeded, which narrows the accessible process window.
- precise adjustment of momentum transfer to the material is not possible due to the statistical distribution of the particles in the jet.
- the particles differ to some extent in terms of their shape, mass and speed, so that in terms of their impulses also results in a statistical distribution.
- a certain safety distance to this limit which means that the stabilizing effect can not be fully exploited by increasing the residual compressive stresses.
- a central idea of the present invention resides in a device for the mechanical treatment of a workpiece or component which has a ceramic material completely or at least in the region of the surface to be treated, with a treatment body which is designed to apply a substantially bum-free contact pressure to a surface of the workpiece To transfer workpiece and in the workpiece, which has the ceramic material to produce or increase residual compressive stresses.
- the workpiece or the component may therefore comprise wholly or partly a ceramic, semi-ceramic or a composite material.
- the treatment body preferably has a higher hardness than the ceramic to be treated, or the surface of the workpiece or component to be treated.
- the contact pressure is set sufficiently high that it comes to plastic deformation in the ceramic, or in the workpiece or component.
- the treatment parameters are chosen so that cracking is completely avoided or at least only takes place in uncritically small dimensions for the application of the workpiece or component.
- Shock-free or virtually bum-free in the present description is understood to mean that no substantial momentum transfer takes place from the treatment tool to the workpiece.
- the treatment body thus has substantially no momentum and also no relative speed relative to the workpiece.
- a rolling body can be used as the treatment body.
- the rolling body eg ball, cone, roller, cylinder
- the rolling body can roll on the surface of the component or workpiece to be treated under a sufficiently large contact pressure.
- the surface of the workpiece can be smoothed simultaneously, e.g. due to breakage of roughness peaks.
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a device for treating a workpiece or component.
- Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of a device for treating a workpiece or component.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a device 100 for processing a workpiece / component 110, wherein the workpiece / component 110 comprises a ceramic material, with a treatment body 120 that is configured to apply a substantially bumpless contact pressure force to a surface of the workpiece / component 110 transferred and in the workpiece / component 110, which has the ceramic material to produce or increase residual compressive stresses.
- the treatment body 120 may have higher hardness than the ceramic material of the workpiece / component 110 to be treated.
- the device 100 may further include a corresponding holding device or clamping device for fixing the workpiece 110.
- the Halteeimichtung may be formed to exert on the workpiece 110 no forces that are above the brittle fracture limit of the workpiece.
- the holding direction can be e.g. have appropriate jaws or be generally formed so as not to exceed a predetermined force on the workpiece 110.
- the essentially bumpless or impulsive transmission is to be understood that the transmission can also be completely bumpless.
- different treatment bodies 120 come into consideration in the treatment in which not always a pulse transmission, in particular during placement, can be avoided.
- the actual treatment can, however, be bumpless.
- Embodiments thus perform a method for building up compressive residual stress in a workpiece 110, wherein the workpiece 110 comprises a ceramic material.
- the method comprises a step of essentially In other words, the pressing can be done with a constant or almost constant force.
- the treatment body 120 may be designed as a rolling body 120, which transmits the contact pressure force to the surface of the workpiece 110 during rolling. Accordingly, the pressing can be generated by rolling by a relative movement between the workpiece 110 and the rolling body 120. The contact pressure can then be transmitted by rolling and thus kept substantially constant.
- the rolling body 120 may be formed, for example, as a ball or as a roller. 1 shows an example of a treatment body 120 which is formed in a spherical shape. In principle, in embodiments with rolling elements 120, any shapes for the rolling body 120 are conceivable, provided that they are suitable for unrolling, or substantially for unwinding, such as, for example, rolling. Balls, rollers, cones, etc. Thus, in the corresponding method, a step of substantially bum-free placement of a ball or a roller on the workpiece 110 may be provided.
- Exemplary embodiments do not exclude that slippage may occur between the rolling body 120 and the surface of the workpiece 110.
- the treatment body 120 both exerts the contact force on the surface of the workpiece 110, as well as causes a smoothing effect.
- the smoothing effect can be caused for example by ablation (abrasive) or by breaking the roughness peaks on the surface.
- a grinding effect can additionally be caused by the treatment body 120.
- a small material removal z. B. by breaking roughness peaks (thus possibly smoothing the surface is connected) may be provided.
- the treatment body 120 may comprise a ceramic and / or a metallic material.
- metal eg high-strength steel
- ceramic eg shot-blasted silicon nitride
- a composite material eg hard metal: for example WC / Co
- the B auteil / workpiece 110 may in particular consist of polymer-derived ceramic and have a certain metallic content.
- the (functional) surface to be treated can be ground and, after the treatment / roll treatment to set a desired roughness with low material removal surface treated or processed (eg honed) or used directly without further finishing or finishing.
- the apparatus 100 may further include, in embodiments, means for effecting relative movement between the workpiece 110 and the treatment body 120. According to the embodiments already described above, this relative movement may provide for unrolling of the treatment body 120. In other exemplary embodiments, however, it is also possible, for example, for a massaging relative movement between the treatment body 120 and the surface of the workpiece 110, wherein unrolling need not necessarily be provided for this purpose. Embodiments are not limited to a particular movement of the relative movement.
- the relative movement may, for example, be circular, sinusoidal, sawtooth, or similar.
- the treatment tool 120 can move and the workpiece 110 can be held. It is also conceivable to hold the treatment tool 120 and to move the workpiece 110.
- both treatment tool 120 and also the workpiece 110 are moving.
- either the rolling body 120 or the component 110 or both may be moved (rotated).
- An estimation of the actions) with equal or different treatment body diameters and / or contact pressures allows the calculation of the depth distribution (s) of the Mises reference voltage for the respective Hertzian contact (s).
- exemplary embodiments may comprise a device 100 or a method, wherein a pressing or rolling step is performed simply or repeatedly simultaneously or successively with one or more treatment or rolling bodies 120 of the same or different diameter with a constant, nearly constant or specifically varying contact force.
- the device 100 may be configured to transmit the contact force of the treatment body 120 by direct contact with the surface of the workpiece 110. This method is shown in FIG. 1. The pressing force is transmitted directly from the treatment body 120 to the surface of the workpiece 110.
- FIG. 2 shows first the same embodiment as Fig. 1, therefore, the device 100, the workpiece / component 110 and the treatment body 120.
- the device 100 In contrast to the embodiment of Fig. 1 is located in the embodiment of Fig. 2 between the surface of Workpiece 110 and the treatment body 120 an intermediate substance 140. This is indicated in Fig. 2 by the enlarged portion 130.
- the pressing force is transferred from the precursor 140 to the surface of the workpiece 110, wherein the precursor may be solid, liquid or gaseous, and the pressing force is transmitted from the treatment body 120 to the precursor 140.
- An advantage of the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 is that in roll treatment of Intermediate 140 can reduce the friction and thus energy loss in contact, which enhances the desired compressive residual stress build-up in the workpiece / component 110.
- the device 100 may be configured to transmit the contact force of the treatment body 120 by indirect contact with a surface of the workpiece 110.
- a suitable (eg, liquid) precursor 140 may be solid, liquid or gaseous.
- Embodiments may also provide for carrying out the step of unrolling repeatedly.
- Embodiments may thus comprise a method of mechanical surface treatment in which surfaces of ceramic materials and components 110 are treated or processed.
- the surface by simply or repeatedly, simultaneously or successively rolling one or more rolling elements 120 of the same or different diameters either without direct contact on a gaseous, liquid or solid precursor 140 or in direct contact with little or vanishing material removal by a (nearly) constant or selectively varying contact pressure can be applied to residual compressive stresses.
- the compressive residual stresses generated can increase the static and dynamic strength (eg impression or rolling strength).
- the fatigue life of a cyclically loaded ceramic component increases.
- the usefulness is shown by the compressive stresses as inherent stresses of the first type, such as load stresses, which are included in the stress intensity factor, which corresponds to an increase in toughness (resistance to crack growth).
- ceramic rolling bearing rolling elements eg cylindrical rollers
- roller bearing rings can be treated in order to increase the service life of the bearing. Wear resistance is also increasing. It appears to be particularly expedient to treat cheaper ceramic types (eg polymer-derived ceramic, aluminum oxide) according to the invention in order to reinforce the surface layer which is highly stressed during operation with a cost-effective method.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP11785013.1A EP2640551A1 (de) | 2010-11-19 | 2011-11-18 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur behandlung eines keramischen werkstücks |
JP2013539278A JP2014502217A (ja) | 2010-11-19 | 2011-11-18 | セラミックのワークを処理する装置並びに方法 |
US13/988,155 US20130313755A1 (en) | 2010-11-19 | 2011-11-18 | Device and method for treating a ceramic workpiece |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010044171A DE102010044171A1 (de) | 2010-11-19 | 2010-11-19 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Behandlung eines keramischen Werkstücks |
DE102010044171.6 | 2010-11-19 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012066113A1 true WO2012066113A1 (de) | 2012-05-24 |
Family
ID=44999778
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2011/070432 WO2012066113A1 (de) | 2010-11-19 | 2011-11-18 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur behandlung eines keramischen werkstücks |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20130313755A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2640551A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2014502217A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102010044171A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2012066113A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8601659B2 (en) * | 2011-02-10 | 2013-12-10 | Surface Technology Holdings, Ltd. | Burnishing tool and method for burnishing |
DE102019115631A1 (de) * | 2019-06-07 | 2020-12-10 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Ermittlung des Nickwinkels eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3988866A (en) * | 1975-03-25 | 1976-11-02 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | High density ceramic turbine members |
EP0350671A2 (de) * | 1988-07-13 | 1990-01-17 | Dornier Gmbh | Einrichtung zum Biegeumformen oder Richten von Werkstücken durch plastische Formänderung |
DE19652872C2 (de) | 1996-12-18 | 2000-07-06 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Verfahren zur Steigerung der Randschichtfestigkeit an Oberflächen von aus sprödharten Werkstoffen gefertigten Werkstücken |
EP1873261A1 (de) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-01-02 | General Electric Company | Komponente von variabler Dicke mit restlichen Druckspannungen sowie Verfahren dafür |
US20080057272A1 (en) * | 2006-09-06 | 2008-03-06 | Argonne National Laboratory | Modulated composite surfaces |
EP1938926A1 (de) * | 2006-12-30 | 2008-07-02 | General Electric Company | Verfahren zur Bestimmung von anfänglichen Festwalzparametern |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5826453A (en) * | 1996-12-05 | 1998-10-27 | Lambda Research, Inc. | Burnishing method and apparatus for providing a layer of compressive residual stress in the surface of a workpiece |
JP3705311B2 (ja) * | 1996-12-18 | 2005-10-12 | カヤバ工業株式会社 | 外径転圧加工装置及び外径転圧加工方法 |
JP2002526271A (ja) * | 1998-10-08 | 2002-08-20 | ランブダ リサーチ、インコーポレイテッド | 加工材の表面に圧縮残留応力層を設けるバニシ加工法及び装置 |
JP2003205456A (ja) * | 2002-01-09 | 2003-07-22 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 穴の加工方法およびボールバニッシュ装置 |
JP2003239973A (ja) * | 2002-02-19 | 2003-08-27 | Asahi Seiko Co Ltd | 摺動部材とその製造方法 |
JP2007260813A (ja) * | 2006-03-28 | 2007-10-11 | Jtekt Corp | 加工ツール及びローラバニシング加工ツール |
-
2010
- 2010-11-19 DE DE102010044171A patent/DE102010044171A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2011
- 2011-11-18 WO PCT/EP2011/070432 patent/WO2012066113A1/de active Application Filing
- 2011-11-18 JP JP2013539278A patent/JP2014502217A/ja active Pending
- 2011-11-18 US US13/988,155 patent/US20130313755A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-11-18 EP EP11785013.1A patent/EP2640551A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3988866A (en) * | 1975-03-25 | 1976-11-02 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | High density ceramic turbine members |
EP0350671A2 (de) * | 1988-07-13 | 1990-01-17 | Dornier Gmbh | Einrichtung zum Biegeumformen oder Richten von Werkstücken durch plastische Formänderung |
DE19652872C2 (de) | 1996-12-18 | 2000-07-06 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Verfahren zur Steigerung der Randschichtfestigkeit an Oberflächen von aus sprödharten Werkstoffen gefertigten Werkstücken |
EP1873261A1 (de) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-01-02 | General Electric Company | Komponente von variabler Dicke mit restlichen Druckspannungen sowie Verfahren dafür |
US20080057272A1 (en) * | 2006-09-06 | 2008-03-06 | Argonne National Laboratory | Modulated composite surfaces |
EP1938926A1 (de) * | 2006-12-30 | 2008-07-02 | General Electric Company | Verfahren zur Bestimmung von anfänglichen Festwalzparametern |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP2640551A1 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20130313755A1 (en) | 2013-11-28 |
JP2014502217A (ja) | 2014-01-30 |
EP2640551A1 (de) | 2013-09-25 |
DE102010044171A1 (de) | 2012-05-24 |
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