WO2012055128A1 - 环形洁净金属铸模 - Google Patents

环形洁净金属铸模 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012055128A1
WO2012055128A1 PCT/CN2010/079037 CN2010079037W WO2012055128A1 WO 2012055128 A1 WO2012055128 A1 WO 2012055128A1 CN 2010079037 W CN2010079037 W CN 2010079037W WO 2012055128 A1 WO2012055128 A1 WO 2012055128A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ring
template
low cold
insulation layer
annular
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Application number
PCT/CN2010/079037
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱书成
王希彬
曹国超
Original Assignee
Zhu Shucheng
Wang Xibin
Cao Guochao
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhu Shucheng, Wang Xibin, Cao Guochao filed Critical Zhu Shucheng
Priority to US13/881,890 priority Critical patent/US8813823B2/en
Priority to KR1020137013260A priority patent/KR101457831B1/ko
Priority to CN201080069608.XA priority patent/CN103221162B/zh
Priority to EP10858857.5A priority patent/EP2633926B1/en
Publication of WO2012055128A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012055128A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
    • B22D7/04—Casting hollow ingots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/06—Permanent moulds for shaped castings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/06—Permanent moulds for shaped castings
    • B22C9/065—Cooling or heating equipment for moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/005—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like with heating or cooling means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
    • B22D7/06—Ingot moulds or their manufacture
    • B22D7/064—Cooling the ingot moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
    • B22D7/06—Ingot moulds or their manufacture
    • B22D7/10—Hot tops therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D9/00—Machines or plants for casting ingots
    • B22D9/006—Machines or plants for casting ingots for bottom casting

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgical casting equipment, and in particular relates to a ring-shaped clean metal mold.
  • an ingot cast by a common mold has a 'V at the center-centered position.
  • 'Type segregation, inclusion enrichment area, segregation and inclusions in this range are not easy to remove because they are present in the upper middle part of the ingot, which has two possibilities: one may guarantee the quality of the metal And discarding more than half of the metal yield; another possibility is to ensure that the metal has a certain yield and reduce the quality. These two are what we don't want to see.
  • a crystal mold mold can only refine more than ten furnace steels by electroslag furnace remelting method, which increases the production cost. In practice, it is often necessary to provide customers with large, round, tubular, and sleeve-shaped metal parts. Most of the products are punched in the middle forging. If the medium hole of the desired product is large, the punching and reaming is required. Time and energy are high, and production costs increase.
  • the invention provides a ring-shaped clean metal mold which saves energy, reduces pollutant discharge, cleans ingot, has high production efficiency and long service life, and the product obtained by using the mold has good metal crystal quality in one direction, less inclusions and no need for punching. It can be used for post-processing of large, circular, tubular and sleeve-shaped workpieces with large openings, saving energy and improving efficiency.
  • An annular clean metal mold comprising a mold body with an inner pouring hole and a heat insulating cap disposed on the mold body, the mold The body comprises a low cold bottom template and a circumferential low cold template connected to the low cold bottom template, wherein the circumferential low cold template is provided with an annular high thermal insulation layer, between the circumferential low cold template and the annular high thermal insulation layer A ring-shaped clean crystallization zone is formed, and a sacrificial crystallization zone is formed inside the annular high-heat insulation layer.
  • the low cold bottom template is a water cooled template.
  • the circumferential low cold template is a water cooled template.
  • the annular high thermal insulation layer comprises a skeleton and an insulation material outside the skeleton.
  • the crystal is divided into a ring-shaped clean crystallization zone and a center sacrificial crystallization zone, and for the ring-shaped clean crystallization zone, the outer ring and the large area
  • the circumferential low-cold template contact, rapid exotherm, the inner ring is in contact with the annular high-heat insulation layer, and the heat dissipation in the sacrificial crystallization zone in the annular high-heat insulation layer is extremely slow, so the temperature near the inner ring is extremely high, naturally forming from the outside
  • Directional crystallization solidified in the direction of the inner ring in the process of solidification of the liquid metal to form crystals, the inclusions and segregants in the liquid metal are directed toward the annular high thermal insulation layer.
  • the liquid metal near the annular high-heat insulation layer is finally solidified away from the low temperature, and most of the inclusions and segregates in the liquid metal are finally concentrated in the portion in contact with the annular high-heat insulation layer after the liquid metal is directionally solidified. It is easy to remove the enriched alloy segregates and inclusions by flame or other processing methods, thereby realizing the segregation, inclusion transfer and removal inside the ingot, and achieving the purpose of purifying the ingot.
  • the final solidification of the liquid metal in the sacrificial crystallization zone plays a major role in overcoming the damage of the annular high-heat insulation layer caused by the great stress generated during the solidification of the liquid metal in the annular clean crystallization zone, and ensuring the internal and external forces of the annular high-heat insulation layer.
  • the balance, while sacrificing the crystallization zone, ensures the high heat at the high thermal insulation layer, and the solidification of the annular portion of the metal is more directional solidification.
  • the metal column at the sacrificial crystallization zone is extracted to form a ring-shaped metal ingot, and then the enriched alloy segregation and inclusions enriched near the inner surface are removed, and a clean ring, tube, and sleeve are obtained. Blank.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the crystal direction of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • a ring-shaped clean metal mold comprising a mold body with an inner pouring hole 4 and a mold set thereon a heat insulating cap on the body, the mold body being a cylinder, the mold body comprising a low cold bottom template 1 and a circumferential low cold template 2 connected to the low cold bottom template 1, the circumferential low cold template 2
  • An annular high thermal insulation layer 3 is disposed therein, and a circumferential clean crystallization zone is formed between the circumferential low cold stencil 2 and the annular high thermal insulation layer 3, and a sacrificial crystallization zone is formed inside the annular high thermal insulation layer 3 .
  • the low cold bottom template 1 is a water cooled template.
  • the circumferential low cold template 2 is a water cooled template.
  • the annular high heat insulating layer 3 includes a heat insulating material outside the skeleton and the skeleton.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • a ring-shaped clean metal mold comprising a mold body with an inner pouring hole 4 and a mold set thereon a heat insulating cap on the body, the mold body being a cylinder, the mold body comprising a low cold bottom template 1 and a circumferential low cold template 2 connected to the low cold bottom template 1, the circumferential low cold template 2
  • An annular high thermal insulation layer 3 is disposed therein, and a circumferential clean crystallization zone is formed between the circumferential low cold stencil 2 and the annular high thermal insulation layer 3, and a sacrificial crystallization zone is formed inside the annular high thermal insulation layer 3 .
  • the low cold bottom template 1 is a water cooled template.
  • the circumferential low cold template 2 is a water cooled template.
  • the annular high heat insulating layer 3 includes a heat insulating material outside the skeleton and the skeleton.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • a ring-shaped clean metal mold comprising a mold body with an inner pouring hole 4 and a heat insulating cap disposed on the mold body,
  • the mold body is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the mold body comprises a low cold bottom template 1 and a circumferential low cold template 2 connected to the low cold bottom template 1, and an annular high thermal insulation layer is disposed in the circumferential low cold template 2 a circumferential clean crystallization zone 5 is formed between the circumferential low-cooling stencil 2 and the annular high-heat insulation layer 3, and a sacrificial crystallization zone is formed inside the annular high-heat insulation layer 3 .
  • the low cold bottom template 1 For water cooling template.
  • the circumferential low cold template 2 is a water cooled template.
  • the annular high heat insulating layer 3 includes a heat insulating material outside the skeleton and the skeleton.
  • a circular high-heat insulation layer 3 is arranged in the circumferential low-cooling template 2, and the crystal is divided into a ring-shaped clean crystallization zone.
  • the center of the sacrificial crystallization zone 6, for the ring-shaped clean crystallization zone 5 the outer ring is in contact with a large area of the circumferential low-cold template 2, rapid exotherm, inner ring and annular high-heat insulation layer 3 Contact, the sacrificial crystallization zone in the annular high-heat insulation layer is extremely slow in heat dissipation, so the temperature near the inner ring is extremely high, and naturally forms directional crystals solidified from the outer ring to the inner ring, which will be formed during the process of solidification of the liquid metal to form crystals.
  • the liquid metal in the final solidification plays a role in overcoming the damage of the annular high-heat insulation layer caused by the huge stress generated during the solidification of the liquid metal in the annular clean crystallization zone, and ensuring the balance between the internal and external forces of the annular high-heat insulation layer.
  • the sacrificial crystallization zone ensures high heat at the high thermal insulation layer, and the annular portion of the metal solidifies more directional solidification characteristics.
  • the metal column at the sacrificial crystallization zone is extracted to form a ring-shaped metal ingot, and then the enriched gold segregant and the impurity region of the inclusion are concentrated near the inner surface.
  • 7 Remove and obtain a clean ring, tube, and sleeve blank. The direction indicated by the arrow in the figure is the direction of directional crystallization.
  • the technical solution of the present invention can be manufactured or used in the industry, which has industrial applicability.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Description

环形洁净金属铸模 技术领域
本发明属于冶金铸造设备技术领域，具体涉及一种环形洁净金属铸模。
背景技术
在公知技术中，普通铸模浇铸出的铸锭，中上部偏中心位置存在一个' V '型偏析物、夹杂物富集区，这一个范围内的偏析物、夹杂物因为存在于铸锭的中上部，所以不容易清除，这就产生两种可能：一种可能是保证金属的品质而舍弃一半以上的金属收得率；另一种可能是保证金属一定收得率而降低品质。这两种都是我们不愿看到的。
技术问题
当前，全世界多数金属铸锭仍是这一种方式浇铸出来的，所以大量的金属未能得到高质量收得，故不能有效充分利用，这就带来了大量的能源浪费。现在洁净金属的实现，往往还需要电渣重熔等二次熔化精炼程序，消耗大量的电能，浪费了大量的人力、物力，给环境也带了巨大压力，不符合当前节能减排、绿色环保的发展要求，这也是金属熔炼产业的巨大损失。 另外，效率还特别低，特别是产生的电弧对结晶器的伤害也非常严重，一个结晶器铸模采用电渣炉重熔方式只能炼十多炉的钢，提高了生产的成本。在实践中，往往需要为客户提供环状、管状、套状的大型金属件，产品多数是中锻造时冲孔而成，如果所需产品的中孔较大的话，冲孔扩孔所需要的时间和能源多，生产成本增大。
技术解决方案
本发明提供一种节约能源、减少污染物排放、铸锭洁净、生产效率高、使用寿命长的环形洁净金属铸模，使用该铸模得到的产品一方向金属结晶质量好，夹杂物少，无须打孔可以用于大开孔的环状、管状、套状的大型工件的后期处理，节省能源、提高效率。
一种环形洁净金属铸模，包括带内浇孔的 铸模 本体和设置在 铸模 本体上的保温帽，所述 铸模 本体包括低冷底模板和与低冷底模板连接的周向低冷模板，所述周向低冷模板内设置环状高热保温层，所述周向低冷模板与环状高热保温层之间形成环状洁净结晶区，环状高热保温层内部形成牺牲结晶区。
所述低冷底模板为水冷模板。
所述周向低冷模板为水冷模板。
所述环状高热保温层包括骨架和骨架外的保温材料。
有益效果
由于本发明在所述周向低冷模板内设置环状高热保温层，将结晶区分为环状洁净结晶区和中心的牺牲结晶区，对于环状洁净结晶区来讲，其外环与大面积的周向低冷模板接触，快速放热，内环与环状高热保温层接触，环状高热保温层内的牺牲结晶区散热又极为缓慢，所以内环附近的温度极高，自然形成自外环向内环方向凝固的定向结晶，在液态金属凝固形成晶体的过程中将液态金属内的夹杂物和偏析物往环状高热保温层方向赶， 靠近环状高热保温层的液态金属因远离低温而最后凝固，液态金属内绝大部分的夹杂物和偏析物在液态金属定向凝固后最后都富集在与环状高热保温层接触的部分，这就很容易用火焰或其他加工的方法将富集的合金偏析物、夹杂物去除，从而实现了铸锭内部偏析物、夹杂物转移、清除，达到了净化铸锭之目的。牺牲结晶区内的液态金属最后凝固，所起到作用主要是克服环状洁净结晶区内液态金属凝固过程中产生的巨大应力对环状高热保温层的伤害，保证环状高热保温层内外力的平衡，同时牺牲结晶区保证了高热保温层处的高热性，使环状部分金属凝固更具定向凝固特性。凝固结束以后，将牺牲结晶区的金属柱抽出，便形成环状金属锭，然后将富集在内表面附近的富集的合金偏析物、夹杂物去除，就得到洁净的环状、管状、套状坯。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施例作进一步详细的说明。
图 1 为本发明实施例一的结构示意图。
图 2 为图 1 的 A-A 向的剖视图。
图 3 是本发明实施例二的结构示意图。
图 4 是本发明实施例二的结晶方向示意图。
本发明的最佳实施方式
如图 1 、图 2 所示：一种环形洁净金属铸模，包括带内浇孔 4 的 铸模 本体和设置在 铸模 本体上的保温帽，所述 铸模 本体为圆柱体，所述 铸模 本体包括低冷底模板 1 和与低冷底模板 1 连接的周向低冷模板 2 ，所述周向低冷模板 2 内设置环状高热保温层 3 ，所述周向低冷模板 2 与环状高热保温层 3 之间形成环状洁净结晶区 5 ，环状高热保温层 3 内部形成牺牲结晶区 6 。所述低冷底模板 1 为水冷模板。所述周向低冷模板 2 为水冷模板。所述环状高热保温层 3 包括骨架和骨架外的保温材料。
本发明的实施方式
实施例一：
如图 1 、图 2 所示：一种环形洁净金属铸模，包括带内浇孔 4 的 铸模 本体和设置在 铸模 本体上的保温帽，所述 铸模 本体为圆柱体，所述 铸模 本体包括低冷底模板 1 和与低冷底模板 1 连接的周向低冷模板 2 ，所述周向低冷模板 2 内设置环状高热保温层 3 ，所述周向低冷模板 2 与环状高热保温层 3 之间形成环状洁净结晶区 5 ，环状高热保温层 3 内部形成牺牲结晶区 6 。所述低冷底模板 1 为水冷模板。所述周向低冷模板 2 为水冷模板。所述环状高热保温层 3 包括骨架和骨架外的保温材料。
实施例二：
如图 3 所示：一种环形洁净金属铸模，包括带内浇孔 4 的 铸模 本体和设置在 铸模 本体上的保温帽，所述 铸模 本体为长方体，所述 铸模 本体包括低冷底模板 1 和与低冷底模板 1 连接的周向低冷模板 2 ，所述周向低冷模板 2 内设置环状高热保温层 3 ，所述周向低冷模板 2 与环状高热保温层 3 之间形成环状洁净结晶区 5 ，环状高热保温层 3 内部形成牺牲结晶区 6 。所述低冷底模板 1 为水冷模板。所述周向低冷模板 2 为水冷模板。所述环状高热保温层 3 包括骨架和骨架外的保温材料。
如图 4 所示：所述周向低冷模板 2 内设置环状高热保温层 3 ，将结晶区分为环状洁净结晶区 5 和中心的牺牲结晶 6 区，对于环状洁净结晶区 5 来讲，其外环与大面积的周向低冷模板 2 接触，快速放热，内环与环状高热保温层 3 接触，环状高热保温层内的牺牲结晶区散热又极为缓慢，所以内环附近的温度极高，自然形成自外环向内环方向凝固的定向结晶，在液态金属凝固形成晶体的过程中将液态金属内的夹杂物和偏析物往环状高热保温层 3 方向赶，液态金属内绝大部分的夹杂物和偏析物在液态金属定向凝固后最后都富集在与环状高热保温层接触的部分形成杂质区 7 ，这就很容易用火焰或其他加工的方法将富集的合金偏析物、夹杂物去除，从而实现了铸锭内部偏析物、夹杂物转移、清除，达到了净化铸锭之目的。牺牲结晶区 6 内的液态金属最后凝固，所起到作用主要是克服环状洁净结晶区内液态金属凝固过程中产生的巨大应力对环状高热保温层的伤害，保证环状高热保温层内外力的平衡，同时牺牲结晶区保证了高热保温层处的高热性，使环状部分金属凝固更具定向凝固特性。凝固结束以后，将牺牲结晶区的金属柱抽出，便形成环状金属锭，然后将富集在内表面附近的富集合金偏析物、夹杂物的杂质区 7 去除，就得到洁净的环状、管状、套状坯。图中箭头所指的方向为定向结晶的方向。
工业实用性
本发明的技术方案可以在工业中制造或使用，其具有工业实用性。

Claims (3)

  1. 一种环形洁净金属铸模，包括带内浇孔的铸模本体和设置在铸模本体上的保温帽，其特征在于：所述 铸模 本体包括低冷底模板和与低冷底模板连接的周向低冷模板，所述周向低冷模板内设置环状高热保温层，所述周向低冷模板与环状高热保温层之间形成环状洁净结晶区，环状高热保温层内部形成牺牲结晶区。
  2. 如权利要求 1 所述的环形洁净金属铸模，其特征在于：所述低冷底模板为水冷模板。
  3. 如权利要求 1 或 2 所述的环形洁净金属铸模，其特征在于：所述周向低冷模板为水冷模板。
PCT/CN2010/079037 2010-10-26 2010-11-24 环形洁净金属铸模 WO2012055128A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/881,890 US8813823B2 (en) 2010-10-26 2010-11-24 Annular clean metal casting mold
KR1020137013260A KR101457831B1 (ko) 2010-10-26 2010-11-24 고리형상 청정금속 주형
CN201080069608.XA CN103221162B (zh) 2010-10-26 2010-11-24 环形洁净金属铸模
EP10858857.5A EP2633926B1 (en) 2010-10-26 2010-11-24 Ring-shaped clean metal casting mold

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2010105278227A CN101983797A (zh) 2010-10-26 2010-10-26 环形洁净金属铸模
CN201010527822.7 2010-10-26

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