WO2012049772A1 - 空気入りタイヤ用トレッド - Google Patents
空気入りタイヤ用トレッド Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012049772A1 WO2012049772A1 PCT/JP2010/068180 JP2010068180W WO2012049772A1 WO 2012049772 A1 WO2012049772 A1 WO 2012049772A1 JP 2010068180 W JP2010068180 W JP 2010068180W WO 2012049772 A1 WO2012049772 A1 WO 2012049772A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- groove
- fence
- tread
- groove fence
- pneumatic tire
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C11/13—Tread patterns characterised by the groove cross-section, e.g. for buttressing or preventing stone-trapping
- B60C11/1353—Tread patterns characterised by the groove cross-section, e.g. for buttressing or preventing stone-trapping with special features of the groove bottom
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C11/13—Tread patterns characterised by the groove cross-section, e.g. for buttressing or preventing stone-trapping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C11/04—Tread patterns in which the raised area of the pattern consists only of continuous circumferential ribs, e.g. zig-zag
- B60C11/042—Tread patterns in which the raised area of the pattern consists only of continuous circumferential ribs, e.g. zig-zag further characterised by the groove cross-section
- B60C11/047—Tread patterns in which the raised area of the pattern consists only of continuous circumferential ribs, e.g. zig-zag further characterised by the groove cross-section the groove bottom comprising stone trapping protection elements, e.g. ribs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C19/00—Tyre parts or constructions not otherwise provided for
- B60C19/002—Noise damping elements provided in the tyre structure or attached thereto, e.g. in the tyre interior
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C11/13—Tread patterns characterised by the groove cross-section, e.g. for buttressing or preventing stone-trapping
- B60C11/1353—Tread patterns characterised by the groove cross-section, e.g. for buttressing or preventing stone-trapping with special features of the groove bottom
- B60C2011/1361—Tread patterns characterised by the groove cross-section, e.g. for buttressing or preventing stone-trapping with special features of the groove bottom with protrusions extending from the groove bottom
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a tread for a pneumatic tire, and more specifically, a groove fence is formed in the circumferential groove of the tread to reduce air column resonance noise and maintain drainage performance, while maintaining the groove fence to the same extent as the tread portion.
- the present invention relates to a tread for a pneumatic tire that can be worn.
- the air column resonance sound of the circumferential groove formed in the tread of the tire is generated by resonance in the pipe (air column) formed by the circumferential groove and the road surface, and the resonance frequency is formed between the road surface and the road surface. Depends on the length of the air column in the circumferential groove to be made.
- This air column resonance appears in the form of noise inside and outside the vehicle, and often has a peak around 1 kHz that easily reaches the human ear.
- a so-called groove fence that is, a projection that extends from the groove wall or groove bottom of the circumferential groove and blocks all or most of the circumferential groove is provided.
- a technique is known in which air column resonance is reduced by blocking the air flow in the direction in which the direction groove is formed.
- the flow in the circumferential grooves of water that has entered the circumferential grooves when running on a wet road surface is also blocked. Since the drainage of water intervening between the entering tire and the road surface decreases, the steering stability on a wet road surface decreases.
- FIG. 4 of Patent Document 1 the three groove fences extending from the groove wall and the groove bottom facing each other in the circumferential groove are arranged with a gap therebetween, thereby reducing air column resonance noise. And a technique for achieving both drainage and drainage properties are disclosed.
- a groove fence extending from the groove bottom in the circumferential groove is arranged so that a major portion from the circumferential groove opening does not come into contact with the groove wall.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a tread for a pneumatic tire.
- the present invention provides at least one circumferential groove having a bottom and opposing wall surfaces, at least two ribs adjacent to the circumferential groove, and at least one circumferential groove.
- a tread for a pneumatic tire having a plurality of groove fences formed so as to block the circumferential groove, the groove fence with respect to the tire rotation axis so as to have a wall and a gap from the bottom of the circumferential groove.
- I is the sectional moment of inertia of the groove fence
- h is the height of the groove fence
- l is the width of the groove fence
- the bending parameter defined by is characterized by being 250 Pa or more and 350 Pa or less.
- the groove fence is formed between the road surface by the groove fence that is formed in the circumferential groove and extends in the tire radial direction from the bottom and blocks at least 70% of the cross-sectional area of the circumferential groove.
- the length of the air column in the circumferential groove is changed with respect to the case where the groove fence is not formed, and it becomes easy to remove the peak of the air column resonance sound from the frequency band that easily reaches the human ear. As a result, noise caused by air column resonance is improved.
- the groove fence is formed by the water pressure entering the circumferential groove. It can fall down and ensure drainage of the circumferential groove. In other words, if the bending parameter of the groove fence is larger than 350 Pa, it becomes difficult for the groove fence to collapse due to the water pressure entering the circumferential groove, so that the drainage performance decreases.
- the groove fence bending parameter defined by E ⁇ I / (h 3 l) is configured to be 250 Pa or more, so the groove fence passes through the tread surface during tire rolling.
- the tip of the groove fence comes into contact with the road surface, and when it receives a reaction force, it can generate an appropriate ground pressure between the road surface and the groove fence without bending too much.
- the groove fence can be worn to the same extent as the wear amount of the tread portion having at least two ribs.
- the bending parameter of the groove fence is smaller than 250 Pa, the groove fence will buckle due to the reaction force when it contacts the road surface, and an appropriate ground pressure can be generated between the road surface and the groove fence. Therefore, the groove fence cannot be worn as much as the tread portion.
- the bending parameter of the groove fence is defined by E ⁇ I / (h 3 l).
- E is a modulus (M 10 ) when the material used for the groove fence is stretched by 10%
- l is a width when projected onto a plane parallel to the tire rotation axis of the groove fence
- I is: This is the moment of inertia of the cross section.
- This sectional second moment I is obtained when the groove fence has a constant width l in the height direction and the groove fence has a constant thickness e.
- H is the height of the groove fence in the direction perpendicular to the tire rotation axis.
- the bending parameter of the groove fence E ⁇ I / (h 3 l) is an integrated function of each dimension of the groove fence and the physical properties of the material used for the groove fence. Bending parameters of such groove fence
- the present inventors have developed the tread for a pneumatic tire that wears the groove fence to the same extent as the tread portion while reducing the air column resonance noise and maintaining the drainage performance as described above.
- (Especially drainage performance, groove fence wear performance) are parameters that have been found to be appropriate, and if the parameters are in the above numerical range (250 Pa or more and 350 Pa or less), the above-described action is effective. It has been found by analysis and experiment that it can be obtained.
- the “groove” refers to a space having a width and a depth that is separated from each other by two wall surfaces and does not contact each other under normal use conditions.
- the “circumferential groove” means a groove extending in the tire circumferential direction, and includes not only a straight groove but also a groove extending in a zigzag shape or a wave shape and making a round in the circumferential direction as a whole tire.
- Thread surface refers to the surface area of the tread that comes into contact with the road surface when the tire is mounted on the applicable rim specified by the following industry standards, filled with the rated internal pressure, and loaded with the rated load. Say.
- the “standard” is defined by an industrial standard effective in the region where the tire is produced or used.
- the industrial standard is “STANDARDS MANUAL” of ETRTO (The European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization) in Europe, and TRA (THE TIRE AND RIM ASSOCIATION IN.
- the tire association (JATMA) "JATMA YEAR BOOK”.
- “applicable rim” refers to a rim defined in these standards depending on the tire size
- “rated internal pressure” refers to an air pressure defined in accordance with the load capacity in these standards.
- “Rated load” refers to the maximum mass allowed to be applied to a tire in these standards.
- the “modulus of material” in the present invention is a tensile stress (modulus) at 10% elongation obtained in a tensile test of a rubber composition after vulcanization at 23 ° C. measured according to JIS K6251 (M 10 ), and in the present invention, the tensile stress at the time of 10% elongation of the test based on this JIS standard is used as the value of the “E”.
- the test piece is formed by vulcanizing and molding an unvulcanized rubber composition at 150 ° C. for 40 minutes, and punching with a dumbbell-shaped or ring-shaped specified punching blade die. The test piece may be taken from a vulcanized tire.
- the collected rubber composition is sliced into thin sections having a thickness of 0.4 mm to 10 mm, and is punched by a ring-shaped punching blade die within a range of 3 mm to 10 mm in outer diameter.
- the elongation of the test piece is measured after the stress softening of the test piece, and is calculated by dividing the tensile force at 10% elongation by the initial cross-sectional area of the test piece. The measurement is performed in accordance with JIS K6250 under conditions of standard temperature (23 ⁇ 2 ° C.) and humidity (relative humidity 50 ⁇ 5%).
- the modulus (M 10 ) at 10% elongation of the material used for the groove fence is preferably 2.0 MPa to 8.0 MPa.
- the drainage can be secured while reducing the air column resonance noise, and the groove fence can be worn by approximating the tread portion. That is, if the modulus (M 10 ) at 10% elongation of the material used for the groove fence is smaller than 2.0 MPa, the groove fence will buckle when it contacts the road surface due to the decrease in material rigidity. The danger increases and it becomes difficult to wear the groove fence in the vicinity of the tread portion.
- the modulus (M 10 ) at the time of 10% elongation of the material used for the groove fence is larger than 8.0 MPa, the material rigidity becomes high, so that the water that has entered the groove in the circumferential groove is increased. It becomes difficult to fall down by water pressure. Therefore, if the modulus (M 10 ) at 10% elongation of the material used for the groove fence is 2.0 MPa to 8.0 MPa, the drainage performance is ensured while reducing the air column resonance noise.
- the groove fence can be worn as much as the tread part.
- the thickness of the groove fence is preferably 0.5 mm to 0.7 mm.
- the drainage can be secured while reducing the air column resonance noise, and the groove fence can be worn to the same extent as the tread portion. That is, if the thickness of the groove fence is smaller than 0.5 mm, the risk of buckling when the groove fence comes into contact with the road surface increases due to a decrease in the dimensional rigidity of the groove fence. It becomes difficult to wear with approx. On the other hand, when the thickness of the groove fence is larger than 0.7 mm, the dimensional rigidity of the groove fence is increased, so that it becomes difficult for the groove fence to collapse due to the water pressure of the water entering the circumferential groove. Therefore, if the thickness of the groove fence is 0.5 mm to 0.7 mm, the drainage can be ensured while reducing the air column resonance noise, and the groove fence can be worn to the same extent as the tread portion.
- the material used for the groove fence is the same material as the tread portion including at least two ribs.
- the groove fence part since no special material is used for the groove fence part, the drainage performance is ensured while reducing the air column resonance sound without going through a special process during manufacturing.
- the groove fence can be worn as much as the tread part.
- the material used for the groove fence is preferably a material different from the tread portion including at least two ribs.
- the present invention configured as described above, even if a special material is used for the tread portion that is important for the performance at the time of ground contact, an appropriate material can be used for the groove fence portion in accordance with the dimensions thereof. Therefore, the drainage can be ensured while reducing the air column resonance noise, and the groove fence can be worn to the same extent as the tread portion.
- the cross-sectional shape of a groove fence is a rectangle.
- the cross-sectional shape of the groove fence is rectangular, the effective bending efficiency of the groove fence can be obtained, and as a result, air column resonance noise can be more reliably reduced. While aiming, the drainage can be secured and the groove fence can be worn to the same extent as the tread portion.
- the pneumatic tire tread according to the present invention can wear the groove fence to the same extent as the tread portion while reducing air column resonance noise and maintaining drainage performance.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a tread for a pneumatic tire viewed along line II-II in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the tread for a pneumatic tire viewed along line III-III in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the tread for a pneumatic tire shown along the line II-II in FIG. 1, similar to FIG. 2, schematically showing a state where the vehicle is traveling on a wet road surface.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the tread for a pneumatic tire shown along the line III-III in FIG. 1, similar to FIG.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the pneumatic tire tread seen along the line III-III in FIG. 1, similar to FIG. 3, schematically showing a state where the tread portion is worn by about 30%.
- FIG. 1 is a view schematically showing a tread for a pneumatic tire according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the tread for a pneumatic tire taken along line II-II in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the tread for a pneumatic tire taken along line III-III in FIG.
- reference numeral 1 denotes a pneumatic tire tread 1 according to this embodiment, and the tread 1 has two circumferential grooves having a width W extending in the tire circumferential direction indicated by XX ′. 2 is formed, and the tread 1 is formed with ribs 3 partitioned into these circumferential grooves 2.
- the tire size in this example is 225 / 55R16.
- the groove width W of the circumferential groove 2 is 14.5 mm.
- the tread tread surface 5 when the tire is filled with the rated internal pressure and the rated load is applied, and the tread tread length L at that time are shown.
- the applicable rim of this size is 7 J
- the rated internal pressure is 250 kPa
- the rated load is 690 kg
- the tread length L is 143 mm.
- each circumferential groove 2 passing through the tread tread 5 forms an air column with the road surface, and the resonance frequency of the circumferential groove 2 is the length of the air column thus formed. Therefore, in order to change the frequency of the air column resonance sound, the length of the air column may be changed.
- each circumferential groove 2 is formed with a plurality of groove fences 4 having a width l that can largely block the circumferential groove 2. ing.
- the installation interval P of each groove fence 4 formed in the same circumferential groove 2 is such that at least one groove fence always exists in the tread surface 5 of each circumferential groove 2 during tire rolling. The distance is shorter than the tread length L.
- the width l of the groove fence 4 is 13.5 mm.
- the groove fence 4 is connected at its bottom 41 to the groove bottom 21 of the circumferential groove 2 as shown, and as shown in FIG. 3, the groove fence 4 Are provided so as to extend in the tire radial direction (perpendicular to the tire rotation axis). Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the side surface portions 42 on both sides of the groove fence 4 except for the connecting portion (41) described above have a predetermined gap with the opposite wall surface 22 of the circumferential groove 4. Is provided.
- each groove fence 4 is formed to extend in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the circumferential groove 2 extends.
- Each groove fence 4 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape, and the rectangular cross-section has the aforementioned width l and thickness e (see FIG. 3).
- the groove fence 4 is formed in a rectangular shape when viewed from the longitudinal direction of the circumferential groove 2 (front view), and as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the depth of the circumferential groove 2 is increased.
- the height h is slightly lower than the height D.
- the groove fence 4 is formed so as to block at least 70% of the cross-sectional area of the circumferential groove 2, and is formed so as to collapse due to water pressure mainly by a liquid such as water flowing in the circumferential groove 2.
- the depth D of the circumferential groove 2 is 8.0 mm
- the height h of the groove fence 4 is 7.0 mm
- the thickness e of the groove fence 4 is 0.6 mm
- the groove fence 4 is circumferential.
- About 87% of the cross-sectional area of the groove 2 is blocked.
- the groove fence 4 has a rectangular shape having a height h of about 5.6 mm or more so as to block at least 70% of the cross-sectional area of the circumferential groove 2. It is good.
- the groove fence 4 is made of the same material as the rib 3 (tread portion) of the tread 1.
- the groove fence 4 may be made of a material different from that of the rib 3.
- the groove fence 4 when stretched 10% in the modulus (M 10), and is formed of a material is 5.8 MPa.
- the value of the bending parameter 304Pa is a value that does not cause the groove fence 4 to fall down only by the air flow passing through the circumferential groove 2 when traveling on a normal dry road surface. Becomes shorter and the air column resonance is reduced.
- the value of a bending parameter is 250 Pa or more and 350 Pa or less, the same effect
- E is a modulus (M 10 ) at the time of 10% elongation of the material used for the groove fence 4
- l is a width when projected onto a plane parallel to the tire rotation axis of the groove fence 4
- I is the width l of the groove fence 4 and the thickness e of the groove fence 4
- h is the height of the groove fence 4 in the direction perpendicular to the tire rotation axis.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a state where the pneumatic tire tread is traveling along a wet road surface as viewed along the line II-II in FIG. 1
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. It is an expanded sectional view which shows the state in driving
- the groove fence 4 set to the value of the bending parameter 304 Pa described above is mainly a liquid such as water that passes through the circumferential groove 2 when traveling on a wet road surface. It falls down or bends by the generated water pressure, and as a result, its height is reduced to h *, and by reducing the height, the main part of the circumferential groove is opened, and drainage is ensured.
- the value of a bending parameter is 250 Pa or more and 350 Pa or less, the same effect
- FIG. 6 demonstrates the state after tread abrasion of the tread for pneumatic tires by one Embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the pneumatic tire tread as seen along line III-III in FIG.
- FIG. 6 shows a state in which the groove depth D of the circumferential groove 2 is reduced to D ′ shallower than the initial height h of the groove fence 4 due to wear after traveling a predetermined distance.
- the groove fence 4 set to the value of the bending parameter 304 Pa described above has its tip height h ′ on the high side and h ′′ on the high side and h ′′ on the low side after running for a predetermined distance.
- the height h ′′ on the lower side is about the same as the depth D ′ of the circumferential groove 2.
- the value of a bending parameter is 250 Pa or more and 350 Pa or less, the same effect
- the groove fence 4 in which the bending parameters described above are appropriately set (304 Pa in the case of the present embodiment, but the bending parameter value may be 250 Pa or more and 350 Pa or less) is a rolling fence running on a dry road surface. It does not fall down due to air pressure during movement and does not buckle. In addition, when it comes into contact with the road surface, it is slightly tilted or bent by the reaction force, but an appropriate ground pressure is generated between the tip of the groove fence 4 and the road surface, and the tire rolls within the tread surface. Wear due to slippage. As a result, the groove fence 4 can be worn as much as the tread portion.
- the shape (cross-sectional shape) along the width l of the groove fence 4 collapses due to the above-described water pressure and an appropriate ground pressure between the road surface and the road surface.
- the groove fence 4 is adjusted to be difficult to bend on the surface viewed from the longitudinal direction (front view) of the circumferential groove 2 of the groove fence 4. You may provide some uneven
- the cross-sectional secondary moment can be calculated by using the average thickness e of the groove fence 4 (e 3 l / It may be calculated by approximating in 12), or a definition equation of the second moment of inertia suitable for the sectional shape according to the modified example may be used.
- the tire sizes of the test tires according to the conventional example, the comparative example, and Example 1 were all 225 / 55R16, the wheel size was 7.0 J ⁇ 16, and the internal pressure was set to 250 kPa.
- Wear performance Install the unused test tires on the four wheels of the same vehicle (FR vehicle with a displacement of 2000 cc) with the above rim and internal pressure, as well as a specified asphalt test course for each driver. The vehicle was run for approximately 7000 km while being connected by 3 units, and the remaining groove depth and the remaining height of the groove fence were measured.
- Drainage performance An unused test tire was mounted on the four wheels of a vehicle (FR vehicle with a displacement of 4300 cc) with the above rim and internal pressure, and a puddle with a depth of about 10 mm was provided on the asphalt road surface for each driver. The running speed when the driver in the car feels that the tire has undergone high-level planing is displayed as an index with the conventional example being 100.
Abstract
Description
で定義される曲げパラメータが250Pa以上350Pa以下であることを特徴としている。
で定義される。また、hはタイヤ回転軸に対して垂直方向におけるグルーブフェンスの高さである。このように、グルーブフェンスの曲げパラメータ:E・I/(h3l)は、グルーブフェンスの各寸法と、グルーブフェンスに用いられる材料の物性との統合的な関数となっている。
このようなグルーブフェンスの曲げパラメータ
は、本発明者らが、上述した、気柱共鳴音を低減し、排水性能を維持しつつ、グルーブフェンスをトレッド部と同程度に摩耗させる空気入りタイヤ用トレッドの開発にあたり、そのような作用(特に、排水性能、グルーブフェンスの摩耗性能)を評価するために適切なものとして見出したパラメータであり、そのパラメータを上記数値範囲(250Pa以上350Pa以下)とすれば、上述した作用が効果的に得られることを解析及び実験により見出したものである。
このように構成された本発明においては、気柱共鳴音の低減を図りながら、排水性を確保し、トレッド部と近似してグルーブフェンスを磨耗させることが出来る。即ち、グルーブフェンスに用いられている材料の、10%伸び時のモジュラス(M10)を2.0MPaよりも小さくすると、材料剛性の低下により、グルーブフェンスが路面と接触した際に座屈してしまう危険性が高くなり、グルーブフェンスをトレッド部と近似して磨耗させることが難しくなる。一方、グルーブフェンスに用いられている材料の、10%伸び時のモジュラス(M10)を8.0MPaよりも大きくすると、材料剛性が高くなることにより、グルーブフェンスを周方向溝に入り込んだ水の水圧によって倒れこませることが難しくなる。従って、グルーブフェンスに用いられている材料の、10%伸び時のモジュラス(M10)が、2.0MPa~8.0MPaとすれば、気柱共鳴音の低減を図りながら、排水性を確保し、トレッド部と同程度にグルーブフェンスを磨耗させることが出来る。
このように構成された本発明においては、気柱共鳴音の低減を図りながら、排水性を確保し、トレッド部と同程度にグルーブフェンスを磨耗させることが出来る。即ち、グルーブフェンスの厚みを0.5mmよりも小さくすると、グルーブフェンスの寸法的な剛性の低下により、グルーブフェンスが路面と接触した際に座屈してしまう危険性が高くなり、グルーブフェンスをトレッド部と近似して磨耗させることが難しくなる。一方、グルーブフェンスの厚みを0.7mmよりも大きくすると、グルーブフェンスの寸法的な剛性が高くなることにより、グルーブフェンスを周方向溝に入り込んだ水の水圧によって倒れこませることが難しくなる。従って、グルーブフェンスの厚みを0.5mm~0.7mmとすれば、気柱共鳴音の低減を図りながら、排水性を確保し、トレッド部と同程度にグルーブフェンスを磨耗させることが出来る。
このように構成された本発明においては、グルーブフェンス部に特別な材料を用いることが無いため、製造時に特別な工程を経ることなく、気柱共鳴音の低減を図りながら、排水性を確保し、トレッド部と同程度にグルーブフェンスを磨耗させることが出来る。
このように構成された本発明においては、接地時の性能に重要であるトレッド部の材料に特殊なものを用いたとしても、グルーブフェンス部にその寸法に合わせた適切な材料を用いることができるため、気柱共鳴音の低減を図りながら、排水性を確保し、トレッド部と同程度にグルーブフェンスを磨耗させることが出来る。
このように構成された本発明においては、グルーブフェンスの断面形状が長方形であるので、効果的なグルーブフェンスの曲げ効率を得ることができ、その結果、より確実に、気柱共鳴音の低減を図りながら、排水性を確保し、トレッド部と同程度にグルーブフェンスを磨耗させることが出来る。
先ず、図1及至図3により、本発明の一実施形態による空気入りタイヤ用トレッドを説明する。
図1は、本発明の一実施形態による空気入りタイヤ用トレッドを模式的に示す図であり、図2は、図1のII-II線に沿って見た空気入りタイヤ用トレッドの拡大断面図であり、図3は、図1のIII-III線に沿って見た空気入りタイヤ用トレッドの拡大断面図である。
先ず、図1に示すように、符号1は、本実施形態による空気入りタイヤトレッド1を示し、このトレッド1には、XX‘にて示すタイヤ周方向に延びる幅Wの二本の周方向溝2が形成され、トレッド1には、これらの周方向溝2に区切られたリブ3が形成されている。なお、この例におけるタイヤサイズは225/55R16である。本実施形態においては、周方向溝2の溝幅Wは14.5mmである。
この図上には、タイヤが定格内圧に充填され、定格荷重が負荷された際のトレッド踏面5及びその際のトレッド踏面長さLが図示されている。なお”ETRTO STANDARD MANUAL 2010“によれば、当該サイズの適用リムは7J、定格内圧は250kPa、定格荷重は690kgであり、本実施形態においては、踏面長さLは143mmである。
図1に示すように、この気柱の長さを変化させる目的で、各周方向溝2には、周方向溝2を大きく遮断することが可能な、幅lのグルーブフェンス4が複数形成されている。同一の周方向溝2内に形成される各グルーブフェンス4の設置間隔Pは、タイヤ転動中に、少なくとも一つのグルーブフェンスが、各周方向溝2の踏面5内に常に存在するように、踏面長さLよりも短い間隔になるように設けられている。本実施形態においては、グルーブフェンス4の幅lは13.5mmである。
また、図2に示すように、グルーブフェンス4は、周方向溝2の長手方向から見て(正面視)長方形状に形成され、図2及び図3に示すように、周方向溝2の深さDよりやや低い高さhを有している。
なお、例えば、本実施形態のタイヤの例において、グルーブフェンス4を、周方向溝2の断面積の少なくとも70%を遮断するように、およそ5.6mm以上の高さhを有する長方形状のものとしてもよい。なお、本実施形態の例に限らず、タイヤ周方向溝2の溝幅W及び溝深さDが変われば、このグルーブフェンス4の高さhもそれに応じて変更して、周方向溝2の断面積の少なくとも70%を遮断するようにすればよい。
で規定(定義)されるグルーブフェンス4の曲げパラメータは、304Paである。この曲げパラメータ304Paの値は、通常の乾燥路面上を走行する際、周方向溝2を通過する空気の流れのみではグルーブフェンス4を倒れこませないような値であり、結果として気柱長さが短くなり、気柱共鳴音が低減される。なお、曲げパラメータの値が250Pa以上350Pa以下であれば、同様の作用が得られる。
ここで、Eはグルーブフェンス4に用いられている材料の10%伸び時のモジュラス(M10)であり、lはグルーブフェンス4のタイヤ回転軸に平行な面に投影した際の幅であり、Iは、上記グルーブフェンス4の幅lと、グルーブフェンス4の厚みeとで、
で定義される断面2次モーメントであり、hはタイヤ回転軸に対して垂直方向におけるグルーブフェンス4の高さである。
図4は、図1のII-II線に沿って見た空気入りタイヤ用トレッドの濡れた路面を走行中の状態を示す拡大断面図であり、図5は、図1のIII-III線に沿って見た空気入りタイヤ用トレッドの濡れた路面を走行中の状態を示す拡大断面図である。
図6は、図1のIII-III線に沿って見た空気入りタイヤ用トレッドが、約30%磨耗した状態の拡大断面図である。
図6は、所定距離走行後、周方向溝2の溝深さDが、磨耗によりグルーブフェンス4の初期高さhよりも浅いD’まで減少した状態を示す。上述した曲げパラメータ304Paの値に設定されたグルーブフェンス4は、所定距離走行後、路面と接触する先端部が斜めに磨耗し、高い側でh’、低い側でh”までその初期高さhから減少し、低い側の高さh”は、周方向溝2の深さD’と同じ位のの高さとなっている。なお、曲げパラメータの値が250Pa以上350Pa以下であれば、同様の作用が得られる。
これらのような場合、断面2次モーメントは、例えば、上述した波形や突起物を設けた場合などには、グルーブフェンス4の平均的な厚みeを使用して上述した定義式(e3l/12)で近似して計算してもよく、或いは、その変形例による断面形状に応じた適した断面2次モーメントの定義式を使用しても良い。
未使用の供試タイヤを、上記リム、内圧にて3台の同一車両(排気量2000ccのFR車)の4輪に装着するとともに、ドライバー各1名乗車にて、規定されたアスファルトのテストコースを3台で連なりながら約7000km走行し、残存溝深さ及びグルーブフェンスの残存高さを測定した。
(2)排水性能:
未使用の供試タイヤを、上記リム、内圧にて車両(排気量4300ccのFR車)の4輪に装着すると共に、ドライバー各1名乗車にて、アスファルト路面に水深約10mmの水たまりを設けた直線コースを走行し、車内のドライバーが、タイヤがハイロドプレーニングを発生したと感じた際の走行速度を、従来例を100とする指数で表示している。指数の大きいほうが良好である。
(3)騒音性能:
未使用の供試タイヤを、上記リム、内圧にて、無響室内に設置された直径2.7mの回転ドラム上にて速度60km/hにて回転させ、タイヤがトレッド踏面に進入する付近に設置したマイクロフォンにより騒音レベルを測定した。測定された騒音は、0~2000Hzの間の周波数帯の、Aフィルタを付与された音圧レベルとして、従来例に対する音圧レベルの差で表示している。数値の小さいほうが良好である。
2 周方向溝
21 周方向溝2の溝底部
22 周方向溝4の対向する壁面
3 リブ
4 グルーブフェンス
41 グルーブフェンス4の底部(周方向溝2の溝底部21との接続部)
42 グルーブフェンス4の両側の側面部
5 トレッド踏面
Claims (6)
- 底部及び対向する壁面を有する少なくとも一本の周方向溝と、その周方向溝に隣接する少なくとも二つのリブと、前記少なくとも一本の周方向溝内に、前記周方向溝を遮るように形成された複数のグルーブフェンスと、を有する空気入りタイヤ用トレッドであって、
前記グルーブフェンスは前記周方向溝の底部から前記壁面と隙間を有するようにタイヤ回転軸に対して垂直方向に延び、前記グルーブフェンスが形成されている前記周方向溝の断面積の少なくとも70%を遮断するよう形成され、
Eが前記グルーブフェンスに用いられている材料の10%伸び時のモジュラスであり、Iが前記グルーブフェンスの断面二次モーメントであり、hが前記グルーブフェンスの高さであり、lが前記グルーブフェンスの幅であるとき、前記周方向溝の底部からタイヤ回転軸に対して垂直方向に延びるグルーブフェンスの
で定義される曲げパラメータが250Pa以上350Pa以下であることを特徴とする空気入りタイヤ用トレッド。 - 前記グルーブフェンスに用いられている材料の10%伸び時のモジュラス(M10)が2.0MPa以上8.0MPa以下である請求項1に記載の空気入りタイヤ用トレッド。
- 前記グルーブフェンスの厚みは0.5mm以上0.7mm以下である請求項1または請求項2に記載の空気入りタイヤ用トレッド。
- 前記グルーブフェンスに用いられている材料は前記少なくとも二つのリブを含むトレッド部分の材料と同じ材料である請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載の空気入りタイヤ用トレッド。
- 前記グルーブフェンスに用いられている材料は前記少なくとも二つのリブを含むトレッド部分の材料と異なる材料である請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載の空気入りタイヤ用トレッド。
- 前記グルーブフェンスの断面形状は長方形である請求項1から5の何れか一項に記載の空気入りタイヤ用トレッド。
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BR112013008396A BR112013008396A8 (pt) | 2010-10-15 | 2010-10-15 | Banda de rodagem de pneumático |
EP10858418.6A EP2628613B1 (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2010-10-15 | Pneumatic tire tread |
RU2013122130/11A RU2515621C1 (ru) | 2010-10-15 | 2010-10-15 | Протектор пневматической шины |
US13/879,306 US9597930B2 (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2010-10-15 | Pneumatic tire tread |
JP2012538541A JP5728018B2 (ja) | 2010-10-15 | 2010-10-15 | 空気入りタイヤ用トレッド |
CN201080069598.XA CN103209841B (zh) | 2010-10-15 | 2010-10-15 | 充气轮胎胎面 |
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Cited By (2)
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US20160318353A1 (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2016-11-03 | Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, Llc | Tire tread having a flexible gate apparatus |
CN109311352A (zh) * | 2016-05-31 | 2019-02-05 | 米其林企业总公司 | 噪音降低胎面 |
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JP5815707B2 (ja) | 2011-06-30 | 2015-11-17 | コンパニー ゼネラール デ エタブリッスマン ミシュラン | 空気入りタイヤ用トレッド |
EP2727745B1 (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2016-08-10 | Compagnie Générale des Etablissements Michelin | Pneumatic tire tread |
US9296261B2 (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2016-03-29 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Pneumatic tire tread |
EP2727747B1 (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2016-06-15 | Compagnie Générale des Etablissements Michelin | Pneumatic tire tread |
US10518590B2 (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2019-12-31 | Sensata Technologies, Inc. | System and method for tracking tire tread wear |
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JP5728018B2 (ja) | 2015-06-03 |
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US9597930B2 (en) | 2017-03-21 |
BR112013008396A8 (pt) | 2018-01-02 |
US20140007997A1 (en) | 2014-01-09 |
BR112013008396A2 (pt) | 2016-06-21 |
EP2628613B1 (en) | 2018-07-11 |
CN103209841B (zh) | 2015-10-21 |
EP2628613A4 (en) | 2017-04-05 |
EP2628613A1 (en) | 2013-08-21 |
RU2515621C1 (ru) | 2014-05-20 |
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