WO2012048012A2 - High voltage energy harvesting and conversion renewable energy utility size electric power systems and visual monitoring and control systems for said systems - Google Patents

High voltage energy harvesting and conversion renewable energy utility size electric power systems and visual monitoring and control systems for said systems Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012048012A2
WO2012048012A2 PCT/US2011/054943 US2011054943W WO2012048012A2 WO 2012048012 A2 WO2012048012 A2 WO 2012048012A2 US 2011054943 W US2011054943 W US 2011054943W WO 2012048012 A2 WO2012048012 A2 WO 2012048012A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
renewable energy
converters
inverter
high voltage
power
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2011/054943
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2012048012A3 (en
Inventor
Oleg S. Fishman
Ulrich K.W. Schwabe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ALENCON SYSTEMS Inc
Original Assignee
ALENCON SYSTEMS Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ALENCON SYSTEMS Inc filed Critical ALENCON SYSTEMS Inc
Priority to EP11831527.4A priority Critical patent/EP2625762A4/en
Priority to AU2011312098A priority patent/AU2011312098B2/en
Priority to KR20137011410A priority patent/KR20130100161A/ko
Priority to CN201180058480.1A priority patent/CN103238259B/zh
Priority to JP2013532919A priority patent/JP6029587B2/ja
Publication of WO2012048012A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012048012A2/en
Priority to US14/116,783 priority patent/US9627889B2/en
Priority to AU2012253314A priority patent/AU2012253314B2/en
Priority to PCT/US2012/037680 priority patent/WO2012155126A2/en
Priority to JP2014510525A priority patent/JP6078532B2/ja
Priority to EP12782270.8A priority patent/EP2707933A4/en
Priority to CN201280034496.3A priority patent/CN103688436A/zh
Publication of WO2012048012A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012048012A3/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to IL225609A priority patent/IL225609A0/en
Priority to IL250065A priority patent/IL250065A0/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/46—Controlling the sharing of generated power between the generators, sources or networks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/95—Circuit arrangements
    • H10F77/953—Circuit arrangements for devices having potential barriers
    • H10F77/955—Circuit arrangements for devices having potential barriers for photovoltaic devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2101/00—Supply or distribution of decentralised, dispersed or local electric power generation
    • H02J2101/20—Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources
    • H02J2101/22—Solar energy
    • H02J2101/24—Photovoltaics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2101/00—Supply or distribution of decentralised, dispersed or local electric power generation
    • H02J2101/20—Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources
    • H02J2101/28—Wind energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects

Definitions

  • solar photovoltaic power systems comprise a large number of solar photovoltaic power collectors, such as solar photovoltaic modules, that supply DC electric power to collocated DC to AC inverters that convert the DC power into AC electric power.
  • solar photovoltaic power collectors such as solar photovoltaic modules
  • a utility size wind power system comprises a large number of electrically interconnected wind turbine generators.
  • a wind turbine driven generator assembly can be a wind turbine with its output shaft suitably coupled to an electric generator.
  • Various types of generator systems can be coupled to a wind turbine.
  • One such system is known as a Type 4 industry designated wind turbine generator power system where the generator is a synchronous permanent magnet generator having a variable frequency, variable voltage output that is supplied to a rectifier with the rectified output DC link supplied to a DC to AC inverter. The inverter output current is then transformed through a line transformer that transforms the inverter output voltage level to the grid voltage level.
  • the centralized grid synchronized multiphase regulated current source inverter system is connected to the DC link and has a plurality of grid inverter package modules that can be connected to a high voltage electrical grid.
  • the present invention is a renewable energy, utility size electric power system.
  • the system has a high voltage, renewable energy harvesting network; a centralized grid synchronized multiphase regulated current source inverter system; and a virtual immersion monitoring system and central control system for monitoring and controlling the high voltage, renewable energy harvesting network and the centralized grid synchronized multiphase regulated current source inverter system.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the wave shape of the inverter current near resonance of the resonant DC-to-DC converter shown in FIG. 3 when the photovoltaic string voltage connected to the input of the DC-to-DC converter is low.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the wave shape of the inverter current off-resonance of the resonant DC-to-DC converter shown in FIG. 3 when the photovoltaic string voltage connected to the input of the DC-DC converter is high.
  • FIG. 6 is one example of the interconnections between a solar farm's solar photovoltaic modules and the solar power optimizers and transmitters utilized in the present invention.
  • SPOT 20 in FIG. 2 comprises a plurality of DC-to-DC converters 20a (four in this example); processor 20b (represented as a microprocessor ( ⁇ ) in this example); and
  • the power system data can include: string voltage magnitudes; string current magnitudes; string power magnitudes; SPOT output current magnitudes; SPOT operating temperatures; and SPOT operational status data, such as whether the SPOT is operating at full maximum input power from all of the input photovoltaic strings, or limited maximum input power from at least some of the input photovoltaic strings.
  • Transceiver 20c receives power system data that can include power system limit command data and power system ON or OFF status or control. Power system ON or OFF status can be determined, for example, by sensing whether a particular DC-to-DC converter is in an operational oscillation state (power system ON). Remote power system ON or OFF command (from the central control module) can be used to facilitate maintenance of a SPOT.
  • One method of transceiver 20c transmitting and receiving is via a mesh radio system.
  • a secure data link 17 (shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1), such as secure Ethernet; communicating with the three dimensional, visually-oriented, virtual reality display environment if used in a particular example of the present invention, for example via a VIEW computer system; monitoring the high voltage (HV) electrical grid voltage injected by the centralized inverter system into the grid; and monitoring the voltage on the DC link 22 between the harvesting 12 and conversion 14 systems; controlling a set DC input current magnitude delivered to each grid inverter package module where the set DC input current magnitude is set to match the supply of electrical current produced by harvesting 12 system with the demand by the conversion 14 system; and control the phase of the AC current injected into the grid relative to the phase of the AC grid voltage.
  • HV high voltage
  • Each SPOT can be enclosed in an enclosure approximately 12 x 12 x 6 inches with four connections for photovoltaic string input at the top of the enclosure as shown in FIG. 7, and three pass through (except for a SPOT at the end of a SPOT horizontal bus) input and output conductors (positive, negative and neutral (common) as illustrated in FIG. 2) either on the sides of the SPOT enclosure, or the bottom of the SPOT enclosure as illustrated in FIG. 7.
  • Each photovoltaic cluster of photovoltaic modules can be mounted on one structural supporting rack that can also serve as mounting structure (either underneath or on the side of the rack) for the solar power optimizers and transmitters associated with the photovoltaic cluster.
  • FIG. 1 For solar power two typical examples of the virtual immersion monitoring and control systems of the present invention are provided.
  • One example uses fixed-tilt tracking photovoltaic arrays and the other uses dual-axis tracking photovoltaic arrays as illustrated by pedestal 31 in FIG. 1.
  • An accurate three-dimensional depiction of the solar farm site is incorporated into the VIEW computer displayed model.
  • the operator's view of the VIEW computer displayed model can be provided on a suitable computer visual output device, such as a video monitor, from a virtual camera view that is moving unconstrained through three dimensional space.
  • the operator has control over movement of the camera through three-dimensional space via a suitable computer input device, such as a handheld controller, joystick or trackball.
  • Enclosures for each SPOT can be displayed in shades of yellow, with higher current levels represented in bright yellow and lower current levels represented in darker yellow.
  • SPOT enclosures with a malfunction or fault condition can be shown in red.
  • Inverter, transformer, grid switchgear and other components can be visually presented in natural colors.
  • An active meter graphic icon can be positioned in a suitable position of the visual display (for example, in the corner of the visual display) with display of real time total electric power generation in suitable units, such as kilowatts.
  • An operator controllable visual display pointing icon can be used by the operator to visually display in the meter graphic icon detailed information of the power output and energy generated by a system component along with a unique identifier, such as a number for the component.
  • the image of a cloud can be reconstructed from the shadow it produces on the surface of the photovoltaic panels. The shadow is detected by variable reduction of photovoltaic electric power harvested from a section of the solar farm.
  • visualization can be achieved with dedicated visual layers on the VIEW computer visual display unit so that equipment can be activated (for example, photovoltaic modules made transparent) and the various stages of the power system can be highlighted by turning selected display layers on or off.
  • equipment for example, photovoltaic modules made transparent
  • FIG. 3 instead of four DC-to-DC converters as shown in FIG. 2 for a solar power optimizer and transmitter.
  • the output of one or more wind power optimizers and transducers are connected via a high voltage DC link 42 to a centralized grid synchronized multiphase regulated current source inverter system 14 where the system utilizes three or more grid inverter package modules, for example, four such modules 14a-14d as shown in FIG. 8.
  • each turbine having an output of approximately 1.5MW, and each grid inverter package having a power rating of 2.5 megawatt (MW).
  • the visualization of the virtual immersion monitoring system can be aligned so that the grid inverter packages are in the foreground, and the turbines and connections to the inverter system are clearly visible.
  • Transformers can be located next to the inverters outside of a building in which the inverters are located.
  • the visualization of a wind turbine's output can be a power meter graphic icon with at least real time power output and optionally historical data in numeric or graphic form layered on the three dimensional, visually-oriented display environment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
PCT/US2011/054943 2010-10-05 2011-10-05 High voltage energy harvesting and conversion renewable energy utility size electric power systems and visual monitoring and control systems for said systems Ceased WO2012048012A2 (en)

Priority Applications (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11831527.4A EP2625762A4 (en) 2010-10-05 2011-10-05 HIGH VOLTAGE CURRENT SYSTEMS FOR ENERGY RECOVERY AND CONVERSION USING RENEWABLE ENERGY AND SYSTEMS FOR VISUAL MONITORING AND CONTROLLING SUCH SYSTEMS
AU2011312098A AU2011312098B2 (en) 2010-10-05 2011-10-05 High voltage energy harvesting and conversion renewable energy utility size electric power systems and visual monitoring and control systems for said systems
KR20137011410A KR20130100161A (ko) 2010-10-05 2011-10-05 고전압 에너지 수확 및 변환, 재생 에너지 유틸리티 규모의 전력 시스템 및 그 시스템을 위한 시각적 감시 및 제어 시스템
CN201180058480.1A CN103238259B (zh) 2010-10-05 2011-10-05 高压能源采集和转换可回收能源实用规模的电力系统及用于该系统的可视监控和控制系统
JP2013532919A JP6029587B2 (ja) 2010-10-05 2011-10-05 高電圧エネルギーハーベスティング及び変換再生可能エネルギー公益事業規模電力システム、及び該システムのための視覚監視及び制御システム
CN201280034496.3A CN103688436A (zh) 2011-05-12 2012-05-13 高压能源采集和变换可回收能源的实用规模的电力系统及用于该系统的可视监控和控制系统
AU2012253314A AU2012253314B2 (en) 2011-05-12 2012-05-13 High voltage energy harvesting and conversion renewable energy utility size electric power systems and visual monitoring and control systems
US14/116,783 US9627889B2 (en) 2011-05-12 2012-05-13 High voltage energy harvesting and conversion renewable energy utility size electric power systems and visual monitoring and control systems
PCT/US2012/037680 WO2012155126A2 (en) 2011-05-12 2012-05-13 High voltage energy harvesting and conversion renewable energy utility size electric power systems and visual monitoring and control systems
JP2014510525A JP6078532B2 (ja) 2011-05-12 2012-05-13 再生可能エネルギーを高電圧型環境発電及び変換する実用規模の発電システム及びその視覚監視及び制御システム
EP12782270.8A EP2707933A4 (en) 2011-05-12 2012-05-13 POWER SYSTEM FOR HIGH VOLTAGE ENERGY EFFICIENCY USING RENEWABLE ENERGY AND SYSTEMS FOR ITS VISUAL MONITORING AND CONTROL
IL225609A IL225609A0 (en) 2010-10-05 2013-04-07 Electric power systems, for the collection and conversion of renewable energy at high voltage, the size of an electricity company, and systems for visual monitoring and control of these power systems
IL250065A IL250065A0 (en) 2011-05-12 2017-01-11 Electrical systems and control and visual monitoring systems within the scope of a public system, for collecting high voltage energy and converting renewable energy.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US38981610P 2010-10-05 2010-10-05
US61/389,816 2010-10-05
US201161485384P 2011-05-12 2011-05-12
US61/485,384 2011-05-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012048012A2 true WO2012048012A2 (en) 2012-04-12
WO2012048012A3 WO2012048012A3 (en) 2012-06-14

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2011/054943 Ceased WO2012048012A2 (en) 2010-10-05 2011-10-05 High voltage energy harvesting and conversion renewable energy utility size electric power systems and visual monitoring and control systems for said systems

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US9118215B2 (https=)
EP (1) EP2625762A4 (https=)
JP (1) JP6029587B2 (https=)
KR (1) KR20130100161A (https=)
CN (1) CN103238259B (https=)
AU (1) AU2011312098B2 (https=)
IL (1) IL225609A0 (https=)
WO (1) WO2012048012A2 (https=)

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JP6005109B2 (ja) 2014-08-06 2016-10-12 株式会社ＭｅｒｓＩｎｔｅｌ 太陽光出力オプティマイザ回路
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