WO2012043706A1 - Drive wheel bearing unit and method for manufacturing same - Google Patents

Drive wheel bearing unit and method for manufacturing same Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012043706A1
WO2012043706A1 PCT/JP2011/072345 JP2011072345W WO2012043706A1 WO 2012043706 A1 WO2012043706 A1 WO 2012043706A1 JP 2011072345 W JP2011072345 W JP 2011072345W WO 2012043706 A1 WO2012043706 A1 WO 2012043706A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wheel
mounting flange
bearing device
hub
wheel bearing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2011/072345
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
梅木田　光
清武 柴田
Original Assignee
Ntn株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2010220755A external-priority patent/JP2012076480A/en
Priority claimed from JP2010220756A external-priority patent/JP2012076481A/en
Application filed by Ntn株式会社 filed Critical Ntn株式会社
Publication of WO2012043706A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012043706A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00—Hubs
    • B60B27/0094—Hubs one or more of the bearing races are formed by the hub
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
    • B21K1/40—Making machine elements wheels; discs hubs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00—Hubs
    • B60B27/0005—Hubs with ball bearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00—Hubs
    • B60B27/0078—Hubs characterised by the fixation of bearings
    • B60B27/0084—Hubs characterised by the fixation of bearings caulking to fix inner race
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
    • F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
    • F16C19/186—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement with three raceways provided integrally on parts other than race rings, e.g. third generation hubs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2380/00—Bearings
    • B60B2380/10—Type
    • B60B2380/12—Ball bearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2380/00—Bearings
    • B60B2380/70—Arrangements
    • B60B2380/75—Twin or multiple bearings having identical diameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2380/00—Bearings
    • B60B2380/70—Arrangements
    • B60B2380/77—Diameters of bearings at opposite ends of hub
    • B60B2380/772—Identical diameters of bearings at opposite ends of hub
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2380/00—Bearings
    • B60B2380/80—Shafts specially adapted to receive bearings
    • B60B2380/82—Caulked to fix race
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2900/00—Purpose of invention
    • B60B2900/10—Reduction of
    • B60B2900/111—Weight
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2220/00—Shaping
    • F16C2220/40—Shaping by deformation without removing material
    • F16C2220/46—Shaping by deformation without removing material by forging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wheel bearing device that rotatably supports a wheel of an automobile or the like.
  • the present invention relates to a reduction in cost by reducing a cutting allowance and an increase in the strength of a high load portion, thereby reducing the weight and increasing the weight.
  • the present invention relates to a wheel bearing device that solves the conflicting problem of increasing rigidity and extends the life of the bearing, and a method of manufacturing the same.
  • the wheel bearing device has a structure called a first generation in which a wheel bearing composed of a double-row angular ball bearing or the like is fitted between a knuckle and a hub wheel constituting a suspension device.
  • Second generation structure with body mounting flange or wheel mounting flange formed directly on the outer periphery
  • third generation structure with one inner rolling surface formed directly on the outer periphery of the hub wheel, or constant velocity with the hub wheel It is roughly classified into a fourth generation structure in which the inner rolling surface is directly formed on the outer periphery of the outer joint member of the joint.
  • the wheel bearing device 50 is called a third generation on the driven wheel side, and includes an inner member 51, an outer member 52, and double-row balls 53, 53.
  • the inner member 51 includes a hub ring 55 including a solid shaft portion 54 and an inner ring 56 fitted to the hub ring 55.
  • the hub wheel 55 integrally has a wheel mounting flange 57 for mounting a wheel (not shown) at one end thereof, an inner rolling surface 55a on the outer periphery, and a small diameter extending in the axial direction from the inner rolling surface 55a.
  • a step portion 55b is formed.
  • hub bolts 57 a for fixing the wheels are planted at equal circumferential positions of the wheel mounting flanges 57.
  • a positioning cylinder portion 58 for positioning the wheel is provided concentrically with the shaft portion 54.
  • An inner ring 56 having an inner rolling surface 56a formed on the outer periphery is press-fitted into the small diameter step portion 55b of the hub wheel 55.
  • the inner ring 56 is prevented from coming off in the axial direction with respect to the hub wheel 55 by a crimped portion 55c formed by plastically deforming the end portion of the small diameter step portion 55b of the hub wheel 55 radially outward. .
  • the outer member 52 includes a hollow shaft portion 59, and integrally includes a vehicle body attachment flange 52b for attachment to a suspension device (not shown) on the outer periphery, and double row outer rolling on the inner periphery. Surfaces 52a and 52a are formed. Between the inner rolling surfaces 55a and 56a facing the double-row outer rolling surfaces 52a and 52a, double-row balls 53 and 53 are accommodated via a cage 61 so as to roll freely. Further, a positioning cylinder portion 60 for positioning the vehicle body is formed concentrically with the shaft portion 59 on the opposite side of the shaft portion 59 with the vehicle body mounting flange 52b interposed therebetween.
  • a wheel mounting flange 57 extending radially in a direction orthogonal to the shaft portion 54 is formed integrally with the shaft portion 54 by cold side extrusion, and is also extruded during molding.
  • the positioning cylinder portion 58 constituted by the remaining portion is also formed integrally with the shaft portion 54.
  • a vehicle body mounting flange 52b extending radially in a direction orthogonal to the shaft portion 59 is formed integrally with the shaft portion 59 by cold side extrusion, and is also extruded during molding.
  • the positioning cylinder part 60 constituted by the remaining part is also formed integrally with the shaft part 59.
  • the wheel mounting flange 57 and the vehicle body mounting flange 52b are compression-molded, it can be molded with a relatively small equipment using cold forging, and the machining cost in the subsequent process is reduced.
  • the hub wheel 55 and the outer member 52 that are reduced and inexpensive can be obtained.
  • cylindrical positioning cylinders 58, 60 that are continuous in the circumferential direction can be easily cold formed integrally with the shafts 54, 59 with high accuracy, so that the thickness of the necessary part is secured.
  • the material yield can be improved and the manufacturing cost can be reduced (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
  • the bonde process refers to a process of applying a phosphate film (lubricant film) in order to eliminate the frictional resistance between the molded product and the mold during the cold forging process.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and reduces the cutting cost to reduce the cost, while increasing the strength of the high-load portion, solving the conflicting problem of weight reduction and high rigidity.
  • the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention includes an outer member in which a double row outer rolling surface is integrally formed on the inner periphery, and a wheel for attaching a wheel to one end.
  • a hub ring that integrally has a mounting flange and a cylindrical pilot portion that extends outward from the wheel mounting flange, and that has a small-diameter step portion extending in the axial direction on the outer periphery, and a small-diameter step portion of the hub ring.
  • An inner member comprising at least one combined inner ring and having an outer circumferential surface formed with a double row inner rolling surface facing the double row outer rolling surface, and held between the inner member and the outer member
  • a wheel bearing device comprising a double row rolling element housed so as to be freely rollable via a vessel, the hub wheel is formed by hot forging and cold forging, and the cold forging is partially It has been subjected.
  • the hub wheel is formed by hot forging and cold forging, and cold forging is partially applied, so work hardening by cold forging increases the strength of high load parts and light weight
  • the wheel mounting flange is composed of a plurality of partial flanges divided into a plurality of circumferential directions as in the invention described in claim 2, when the outer member is fastened to the knuckle, this wheel
  • the knuckle bolt can be easily fastened with a tool without being obstructed by the mounting flange, and the assembling work can be simplified.
  • the pilot portion is provided with notches at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, and is formed in the shape of intermittent protrusions.
  • the pilot portion is interposed between the partial flanges. If formed, weight reduction can be achieved without reducing the rigidity of the hub wheel.
  • the wheel mounting flange can be effectively applied even if a large moment load is applied to the wheel mounting flange. It is possible to increase the strength and improve the durability.
  • the cold forging may be performed on the pilot portion.
  • a recess extending in a mortar shape from the outer end surface of the hub wheel toward the inner side is formed, and a through-hole that opens from the recess to the inner end surface Is formed by punching, and the recess is tapered from the inner diameter portion of the pilot portion by the cold forging, and the outer end of the hub wheel is substantially the same as the thickness of the wheel mounting flange. If they are formed to have the same uniform thickness, the conflicting problems of weight reduction and high rigidity can be solved simultaneously.
  • the outer member is formed of medium-high carbon steel containing 0.40 to 0.80 wt% of carbon and is attached to the vehicle body on the outer periphery via a fixing bolt. If the mounting flange is integrated and the cold forging is applied to the base of the wheel mounting flange, the strength of the wheel mounting flange is effectively increased even if a large moment load is applied to the wheel mounting flange. Durability can be improved.
  • the hub wheel may be formed of medium to high carbon steel containing carbon of 0.40 to 0.80 wt%.
  • the method invention according to claim 9 of the present invention includes an outer member in which a double row outer rolling surface is integrally formed on the inner periphery, a wheel mounting flange for mounting a wheel on one end, A hub ring integrally having a cylindrical pilot portion extending from the wheel mounting flange to the outer side and having a small diameter step portion extending in the axial direction on the outer periphery, and at least fitted to the small diameter step portion of the hub ring
  • An inner member comprising a single inner ring and having a double row inner rolling surface facing the outer row rolling surface of the double row on the outer periphery, and a cage between the inner member and the outer member
  • the hub wheel is subjected to a hot forging step and a cold partly applied after the hot forging step.
  • An intermediate forging step at least a root portion of the wheel mounting flange is It is thinned by between forging.
  • the hub wheel includes a hot forging step and a cold forging step that is partially performed after the hot forging step, and at least a root portion of the wheel mounting flange is thinned by cold forging. Therefore, even if a large moment load is applied to the wheel mounting flange by work hardening by cold forging, the strength of the wheel mounting flange can be effectively increased and the durability can be improved.
  • the cutting allowance can be reduced by partial cold forging, the processing force can be reduced, and the forging equipment can be made compact.
  • the said wheel mounting flange is comprised by the some partial flange divided
  • the part is formed in a shape narrower than the tip part, and the root part is formed in a smooth arc shape gradually spreading from the tip part in a state where the tip part is constrained by a die by the cold forging.
  • the plastic flow of the material can be made smooth, the wheel mounting flange can be made thin, and the base part on the inner side of the wheel mounting flange, the inner rolling surface, etc. Can be formed with high accuracy.
  • a recess extending in a mortar shape from the outer end surface of the hub wheel toward the inner side is formed by hot forging, and this recess is an inner diameter of the pilot portion. If it is formed into a convex arc shape from the surface and the recess is tapered and thinned by cold forging, the strength and rigidity of the hub wheel will be increased by work hardening by cold forging. Thus, the hollowing can be realized and the weight can be reduced.
  • the pilot portion is provided with notches at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, and is formed by hot forging into an intermittent projecting piece, the pilot portion being While arrange
  • the root portion of the wheel mounting flange is thinned by at least 10% by the cold forging, the strength and rigidity are increased by work hardening of the cold forging. It is possible to reduce the weight of the strengthened portion by reducing the thickness.
  • a base portion is formed in a shape narrower than a tip portion by the hot forging of the side surface in the circumferential direction of the partial flange, and the cold forging If the base is formed in a smooth arc shape that gradually spreads from the tip while the tip is constrained by a mold, the plastic flow of the material can be made smooth, and the wheel mounting flange can be made thin. In addition, it is possible to accurately form the pilot portion, the inner base portion of the wheel mounting flange, the inner rolling surface and the like by the remaining extruded portion at the time of molding.
  • the hub wheel has a hardness increase after cold forging set to 5% or more with respect to the surface hardness after hot forging, the load is high.
  • the strength of the portion can be increased, and the conflicting problems of weight reduction and high rigidity can be solved.
  • the hub bolt insertion hole of the wheel mounting flange is punched by the hot forging, and then formed into a predetermined inner diameter by the cold forging. If the hardness increase after cold forging is set to be less than 5% of the surface hardness of the inner peripheral surface after hot forging of the hub bolt insertion hole, the difference in hardness between the hub bolt and the hub bolt insertion hole Can be set to 10 HRC or more, the inner peripheral surface of the hub bolt insertion hole is plastically deformed, and the hub bolt knurl sufficiently bites into the hub bolt insertion hole, increasing the slip torque of the hub bolt without hindering assembly workability and Can be stabilized.
  • a wheel bearing device includes an outer member in which a double row outer rolling surface is integrally formed on an inner periphery, a wheel mounting flange for mounting a wheel at one end, and an outer portion from the wheel mounting flange.
  • a hub ring integrally formed with a cylindrical pilot portion extending to the side and having a small-diameter step portion extending in the axial direction on the outer periphery, and at least one inner ring fitted to the small-diameter step portion of the hub ring,
  • An inner member having a double row inner rolling surface facing the outer row rolling surface of the double row is formed on the outer periphery, and the inner member and the outer member are rotatably accommodated via a cage between the inner member and the outer member.
  • the hub wheel is formed by hot forging and cold forging, and the cold forging is partially applied.
  • Work hardening increases the strength of heavy loads, making it lighter and more rigid
  • the method for manufacturing a wheel bearing device includes an outer member in which a double row outer rolling surface is integrally formed on an inner periphery, a wheel mounting flange for mounting a wheel at one end, and the wheel mounting.
  • a hub ring integrally having a cylindrical pilot portion extending from the flange to the outer side and having a small-diameter step portion extending in the axial direction on the outer periphery, and at least one inner ring fitted to the small-diameter step portion of the hub ring
  • An inner member having a double-row inner rolling surface facing the outer row of the double row on the outer periphery, and the inner member and the outer member can be freely rolled via a cage.
  • the hub wheel is subjected to a hot forging step, and a cold forging step that is partially performed after the hot forging step.
  • At least the base of the wheel mounting flange is cold-forged. Because it is thinned by, in work hardening by cold forging, even large moment load is loaded on the wheel mounting flange, effectively increasing the strength of the wheel mounting flange, it is possible to improve the durability.
  • cutting costs can be reduced by partial cold forging, the cost can be reduced, the processing force can be kept small, and the forging equipment can be made compact.
  • FIG. 1 It is a longitudinal section showing one embodiment of a wheel bearing device concerning the present invention. It is a front view of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the manufacturing process of the wheel bearing apparatus which concerns on this invention.
  • A) is a front view showing the hub wheel of FIG. 1 after hot forging, and (b) is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line IV-IV of (a).
  • A) is a front view showing the hub wheel of FIG. 1 after cold forging, and (b) is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line VV of (a). It is explanatory drawing which shows the cold forging method of the hub wheel of FIG.
  • (A) is a plan view showing a state in which a molded product is set on a cold forging die
  • (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line VII-VII in (a). It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the conventional wheel bearing apparatus.
  • a hub ring formed with a small-diameter step that extends to the inner ring, and an inner ring that is fitted to the small-diameter step of the hub ring and that has an inner rolling surface facing the other of the outer rolling surfaces of the double row on the outer periphery.
  • the wheel bearing device comprising: an inner member, and a double row rolling element that is rotatably accommodated between the inner member and the outer member via a cage.
  • the pilot portion is formed in the shape of a projecting piece that extends from the wheel mounting flange to the outer side and is provided with notches at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, and the pilot portion is disposed between the partial flanges.
  • the hub wheel is formed by two forging processes including hot forging and subsequent cold forging, and the cold forging is applied to at least a root portion of the wheel mounting flange.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a wheel bearing device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a manufacturing process of the wheel bearing device according to the present invention.
  • 4A is a front view showing the hub wheel of FIG. 1 after hot forging
  • FIG. 4B is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 5A
  • FIG. 1 is a front view showing the hub wheel after cold forging
  • FIG. 1B is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 1A
  • FIG. 6 is a cold forging method of the hub wheel of FIG.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a wheel bearing device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a manufacturing process of the wheel bearing device according to the present invention.
  • 4A is a front view showing the hub wheel of FIG. 1 after hot
  • FIG. 7A is a plan view showing a state where a molded product is set on a cold forging die
  • FIG. 7B is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII in FIG. .
  • the side closer to the outer side of the vehicle when assembled to the vehicle is referred to as the outer side (left side in FIG. 1)
  • the side closer to the center is referred to as the inner side (right side in FIG. 1).
  • This wheel bearing device is for a driven wheel called a third generation, and includes an inner member 1 and an outer member 2, and a double row rolling element housed between the inner member 1 and the outer member 2. (Balls) 3 and 3.
  • the inner member 1 indicates a hub ring 4 and an inner ring 5 press-fitted into the hub ring 4.
  • the hub wheel 4 integrally has a wheel mounting flange 6 divided into a plurality of circumferential directions (here, five) at the outer end of the outer periphery (see FIG. 2), and a wheel (not shown) is provided on the outer periphery.
  • the hub bolt 7 for fastening is attached.
  • the wheel mounting flange 6 is formed so as to protrude radially from the annular base portion with a width substantially the same as the portion where each bolt insertion hole 8 is formed by cutting out a portion excluding the vicinity of the hub bolt insertion hole 8. That is, the wheel mounting flange 6 is formed by being divided into a plurality of partial flanges 6a separated in the circumferential direction.
  • a cylindrical brake pilot portion 10 extending outward is formed on the base portion 9 of the wheel mounting flange 6 of the hub wheel 4 to guide the inner diameter surface of the brake rotor 11. Further, a wheel pilot portion 12 extending from the brake pilot portion 10 to the outer side is formed. The wheel pilot portion 12 guides the inner diameter surface of the wheel hub 13 mounted on the brake rotor 11 so as to be smaller in diameter than the brake pilot portion 10. And the notch is provided in the multiple places of the circumferential direction, and it forms in the shape of the intermittent protrusion.
  • the intermittent wheel pilot portion 12 is formed between a plurality of partial flanges 6a (see FIG. 2). Thereby, weight reduction can be achieved without reducing the rigidity of the hub wheel 4.
  • An inner rolling surface 4a and a small-diameter step portion 4b extending in the axial direction from the inner rolling surface 4a are formed on the outer periphery of the hub wheel 4 from the wheel mounting flange 6 to the inner side. Then, the inner ring 5 having the inner raceway surface 5a formed on the outer periphery is press-fitted into the small diameter step portion 4b, and the crimping portion 4c formed by plastically deforming the end portion of the small diameter step portion 4b radially outwardly, The inner ring 5 is prevented from coming off in the axial direction with respect to the hub ring 4.
  • the hub wheel 4 is made of medium and high carbon steel containing 0.40 to 0.80 wt% of carbon such as S53C, and includes a base 9 on which an outer side inner rolling surface 4a and an outer side seal 19 described later are mounted.
  • the surface hardness is set to a range of 58 to 64 HRC by induction hardening over the small diameter step 4b.
  • the caulking portion 4c is an unquenched portion having a surface hardness of 30 HRC or less after forging.
  • the inner ring 5 and the rolling element 3 are made of high carbon chrome bearing steel such as SUJ2, and are hardened in the range of 58 to 64 HRC to the core by quenching.
  • the wheel mounting flange 6 is cut out at a portion other than the vicinity of the bolt insertion hole 8 and protrudes radially from the annular base portion with substantially the same width as the formation portion of each bolt insertion hole 8.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, but it is not illustrated, but between the bolt insertion holes while avoiding the periphery of the bolt insertion holes, the R shape is deeper from the pitch circle diameter of the bolt insertion holes to the inner diameter side. It may be a wheel mounting flange having a flower shape in which a notch is formed.
  • the outer member 2 integrally has a vehicle body mounting flange 14 attached to a knuckle (not shown) constituting a suspension device on the outer periphery, and has a bolt insertion hole 15 formed in the outer peripheral portion.
  • the vehicle body mounting flange 14 has an R-shaped notch 16 that is deeper from the periphery of the bolt insertion hole 15 to the inner diameter side than the pitch circle diameter of the bolt insertion hole 15. Is formed. That is, the vehicle body mounting flange 14 is divided into a plurality (here, four) of partial flanges 14a that are separated in the circumferential direction. Further, as shown in FIG.
  • a cylindrical knuckle pilot portion 17 extending in the axial direction from the vehicle body mounting flange 14 is formed at the inner end of the outer member 2, and the outer diameter of the knuckle pilot portion 17 is formed.
  • a knuckle is fitted to the surface.
  • the outer member 2 is made of medium and high carbon steel containing 0.40 to 0.80 wt% of carbon such as S53C, and the inner periphery thereof has a plurality of inner rolling surfaces 4a and 5a facing the double rows of inner rolling surfaces 4a and 5a.
  • the outer rolling surfaces 2a, 2a of the rows are formed.
  • At least these double row outer raceway surfaces 2a and 2a are hardened by induction hardening to a surface hardness in the range of 58 to 64 HRC, and are held between the inner member 1 and outer member 2 rolling surfaces.
  • the double-row rolling elements 3 and 3 are accommodated by the vessels 18 and 18 so as to roll freely.
  • Seals 19 and 20 are attached to both ends of the outer member 2 to seal the annular space between the outer member 2 and the inner member 1. These seals 19 and 20 prevent leakage of the lubricating grease sealed inside the bearing and intrusion of rainwater, dust and the like from the outside into the bearing.
  • the wheel mounting flange 6 of the hub wheel 4 is cut out at a portion other than the vicinity of the bolt insertion hole 8, and only the portion where each bolt insertion hole 8 is formed has substantially the same width from the annular base to the outer diameter side. Since it is formed so as to protrude, the knuckle bolt can be easily fastened with a tool without being obstructed by the wheel mounting flange 6 when the outer member 2 is fastened to the knuckle. Work can be simplified.
  • the hub wheel 4 and the outer member 2 are significantly thinned, and the wheel mounting flange 6 and the vehicle body mounting flange 14 are formed by being divided into a plurality of partial flanges 6a and 14a, which are completely different from conventional disk-shaped flanges. Therefore, the lightest weight can be achieved while ensuring the strength and durability.
  • the wheel bearing device referred to as the third generation in which the inner raceway surface 4a is formed directly on the outer periphery of the hub wheel 4 is illustrated, but the wheel bearing device according to the present invention is not limited to such a structure.
  • a wheel bearing device having a first generation or second generation structure in which a pair of inner rings are press-fitted into a small-diameter step portion of a hub ring may be used.
  • the wheel bearing apparatus comprised by the double row angular contact ball bearing which used the rolling elements 3 and 3 as a ball
  • the hub wheel 4 and the outer member 2 are formed by hot forging, subsequent cold forging, and two forging processes.
  • the manufacturing method of the hub wheel 4 according to the present invention will be described in detail.
  • the hub wheel 4 is hot forged from a bar material as a raw material and then partially cold forged. And it heat-processes through a turning process, and is completed by an assembly process after a grinding process and a super finishing process.
  • a predetermined forging shape as shown in FIG. 4 is formed by hot forging.
  • both side faces 23 'and 24' of the wheel mounting flange 6 and the pilot part 12 are forged in a state where a machining allowance such as a predetermined turning allowance is left.
  • a recess 26 ′ extending in a mortar shape from the outer end surface 21 ′ toward the inner side is formed, and a through hole 27 opening from the recess 26 ′ to the inner end surface 2 ′ is formed.
  • the hub wheel 4 ' is formed into a hollow shaft by punching.
  • a side surface (indicated by a two-dot chain line in the drawing) 28 of the plurality of partial flanges 6a ′ and 6a ′ constituting the wheel mounting flange 6 ′ has a shape in which a root portion 28a is narrower than a tip portion 28b. Is formed.
  • the recess 26 ′ is formed in a convex arc shape from the inner diameter surface of the pilot portion 12, and the hollow hub wheel 4 ′ is formed with a uniform thickness substantially the same as the thickness of the wheel mounting flange 6 ′. ing.
  • forging is performed in a state in which both side surfaces 23 and 24 of the wheel mounting flange 6 and the mortar-shaped recess 26 leave a predetermined turning allowance (indicated by a two-dot chain line in the figure).
  • the die for cold forging includes an outer end surface 21 ′, an outer side surface 23 ′ of the wheel mounting flange 6 ′, a punch 29 that forms an inner peripheral portion, and a wheel. It is constituted by a die 30 that forms an inner side surface 24 ′, a base portion 9 ′, an inner rolling surface 4a ′, a counter portion 25 ′, and a small-diameter step portion 4b ′ of the mounting flange 6 ′.
  • the shape and dimensions of the side surfaces 28 in the circumferential direction of the plurality of partial flanges 6a 'and 6a' constituting the wheel mounting flange 6 ' are greatly changed. That is, the constricted root portion 28a is formed in a smooth arc shape gradually spreading from the tip portion 28b by cold forging while the tip portion 28b is constrained by a die, and the wheel mounting flange is formed by smooth plastic flow of the material. 6 'is thinned by at least 10%, and the root portion 28a constricted by the remaining extrusion portion at the time of molding is formed into a die shape. Further, as shown in FIG.
  • the recess 26 is tapered from the outer side surface 24 of the wheel mounting flange 6 to reduce the thickness, and the hollow hub wheel 4 is replaced with the wheel mounting flange 6. It is formed to have a uniform wall thickness that is substantially the same as the wall thickness.
  • the hub wheel 4 is subjected to cold forging at a site where strength is required after hot forging, the work load by cold forging increases the strength of the high-load portion and reduces the weight. It is possible to provide a wheel bearing device that solves the conflicting problem of increasing rigidity and extends the life of the bearing. In addition, it is possible to reduce the processing force by partial cold forging, to make the forging equipment compact, as well as to oil lubrication without needing to be bonded as in the past, reducing cutting cost and low cost. Can be achieved.
  • the outer member 2 is hot forged from a bar material as a material, and then partially cold forged, like the hub wheel 4. And it heat-processes through a turning process, and is completed by an assembly process after a grinding process and a super finishing process.
  • both end surfaces, both side surfaces of the partial flange 14a constituting the vehicle body mounting flange 14, the knuckle pilot portion 17 on which the knuckle is fitted, and the seals 19 and 20 are attached.
  • the seal fitting surface, the double-row outer rolling surfaces 2a, 2a, and the inner diameter surface are forged with a predetermined turning allowance left by hot forging and partial cold forging.
  • the partial flange 14a is thinned, and the outer side surface of the partial flange 14a and the corners of the outer peripheral surface are formed in an arc shape having a predetermined radius of curvature by the remaining extruded portion at the time of molding.
  • the circumferential side surfaces of the plurality of partial flanges 14a, 14a are formed in a smooth arc shape that gradually spreads from the tip portion toward the root portion.
  • the present invention can be applied to a wheel bearing device having a first to third generation structure provided with a hub wheel integrally having a wheel mounting flange.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a drive wheel bearing unit and a method for manufacturing the same, the bearing unit being reduced in costs by reducing a cutting allowance and increased in the strength of a high-load portion to solve the mutually contradictory problem of achieving reduction in weight and enhancement in rigidity, thereby providing an elongated service life for the bearing. [Solution] A drive wheel bearing unit is adapted such that: a drive wheel mounting flange (6) is made up of a plurality of partial flanges (6a) which are divided in the circumferential direction; pilot portions (12) extend from the drive wheel mounting flange (6) towards the outer side and are provided with notches at a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction so as to be formed in the shape of intermittently projected pieces; the pilot portions (12) are each disposed between each of the partial flanges (6a); and a hub ring (4) is formed in two forging steps, i.e., by hot forging and thereafter by cold forging, in a manner such that at least the root portion of the drive wheel mounting flange (6) is cold forged.

Description

車輪用軸受装置およびその製造方法Wheel bearing device and manufacturing method thereof
　本発明は、自動車等の車輪を回転自在に支承する車輪用軸受装置に関するもので、特に、切削代を低減して低コスト化を図ると共に、高負荷の部分の強度を高め、軽量化と高剛性化という相反する課題を解決して軸受の長寿命化を図った車輪用軸受装置およびその製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a wheel bearing device that rotatably supports a wheel of an automobile or the like. In particular, the present invention relates to a reduction in cost by reducing a cutting allowance and an increase in the strength of a high load portion, thereby reducing the weight and increasing the weight. The present invention relates to a wheel bearing device that solves the conflicting problem of increasing rigidity and extends the life of the bearing, and a method of manufacturing the same.
　車輪用軸受装置には、懸架装置を構成するナックルとハブ輪との間に複列アンギュラ玉軸受等からなる車輪用軸受を嵌合させた第１世代と称される構造から、外方部材の外周に直接車体取付フランジまたは車輪取付フランジが形成された第２世代構造、また、ハブ輪の外周に一方の内側転走面が直接形成された第３世代構造、あるいは、ハブ輪と等速自在継手の外側継手部材の外周にそれぞれ内側転走面が直接形成された第４世代構造とに大別されている。 The wheel bearing device has a structure called a first generation in which a wheel bearing composed of a double-row angular ball bearing or the like is fitted between a knuckle and a hub wheel constituting a suspension device. Second generation structure with body mounting flange or wheel mounting flange formed directly on the outer periphery, third generation structure with one inner rolling surface formed directly on the outer periphery of the hub wheel, or constant velocity with the hub wheel It is roughly classified into a fourth generation structure in which the inner rolling surface is directly formed on the outer periphery of the outer joint member of the joint.
　近年、省資源あるいは公害等の面から燃費向上に対する要求は厳しいものがある。自動車部品において、中でも車輪軸受装置の軽量化はこうした要求に応える要因として注目され、強く望まれて久しい。特に、強度・剛性を保ったまま軽量化することが課題となっている。こうした課題を解決するものとして、図８に示す車輪用軸受装置５０が提案されている。 In recent years, demands for improving fuel efficiency have been severe from the viewpoint of resource saving or pollution. In automobile parts, the weight reduction of wheel bearing devices has been attracting attention as a factor to meet such demands and has been strongly desired for a long time. In particular, it has been a challenge to reduce weight while maintaining strength and rigidity. As a solution to such a problem, a wheel bearing device 50 shown in FIG. 8 has been proposed.
　この車輪用軸受装置５０は従動輪側の第３世代と称され、内方部材５１と外方部材５２、および複列のボール５３、５３とを備えている。内方部材５１は、中実の軸部５４を含むハブ輪５５と、このハブ輪５５に嵌合された内輪５６とを備えている。 The wheel bearing device 50 is called a third generation on the driven wheel side, and includes an inner member 51, an outer member 52, and double- row balls 53, 53. The inner member 51 includes a hub ring 55 including a solid shaft portion 54 and an inner ring 56 fitted to the hub ring 55.
　ハブ輪５５は、その一端部に車輪（図示せず）を取り付けるための車輪取付フランジ５７を一体に有し、外周に内側転走面５５ａと、この内側転走面５５ａから軸方向に延びる小径段部５５ｂが形成されている。また、車輪取付フランジ５７の円周等配位置には車輪を固定するためのハブボルト５７ａが植設されている。車輪取付フランジ５７を挟んで軸部５４と反対側には、車輪の位置決めをなす位置決め用筒部５８が軸部５４と同心に突設されている。 The hub wheel 55 integrally has a wheel mounting flange 57 for mounting a wheel (not shown) at one end thereof, an inner rolling surface 55a on the outer periphery, and a small diameter extending in the axial direction from the inner rolling surface 55a. A step portion 55b is formed. Further, hub bolts 57 a for fixing the wheels are planted at equal circumferential positions of the wheel mounting flanges 57. On the side opposite to the shaft portion 54 with the wheel mounting flange 57 interposed therebetween, a positioning cylinder portion 58 for positioning the wheel is provided concentrically with the shaft portion 54.
　ハブ輪５５の小径段部５５ｂには、外周に内側転走面５６ａが形成された内輪５６が圧入されている。そして、ハブ輪５５の小径段部５５ｂの端部を径方向外方に塑性変形させて形成した加締部５５ｃにより、ハブ輪５５に対して内輪５６が軸方向へ抜けるのを防止している。 An inner ring 56 having an inner rolling surface 56a formed on the outer periphery is press-fitted into the small diameter step portion 55b of the hub wheel 55. The inner ring 56 is prevented from coming off in the axial direction with respect to the hub wheel 55 by a crimped portion 55c formed by plastically deforming the end portion of the small diameter step portion 55b of the hub wheel 55 radially outward. .
　外方部材５２は、中空の軸部５９を含んで構成され、外周に懸架装置（図示せず）に取り付けられるための車体取付フランジ５２ｂを一体に有し、内周に複列の外側転走面５２ａ、５２ａが形成されている。この複列の外側転走面５２ａ、５２ａと対向する内側転走面５５ａ、５６ａの間には複列のボール５３、５３が保持器６１を介して転動自在に収容されている。また、車体取付フランジ５２ｂを挟んで軸部５９と反対側には、車体の位置決めをなす位置決め用筒部６０が軸部５９と同心に形成されている。 The outer member 52 includes a hollow shaft portion 59, and integrally includes a vehicle body attachment flange 52b for attachment to a suspension device (not shown) on the outer periphery, and double row outer rolling on the inner periphery. Surfaces 52a and 52a are formed. Between the inner rolling surfaces 55a and 56a facing the double-row outer rolling surfaces 52a and 52a, double- row balls 53 and 53 are accommodated via a cage 61 so as to roll freely. Further, a positioning cylinder portion 60 for positioning the vehicle body is formed concentrically with the shaft portion 59 on the opposite side of the shaft portion 59 with the vehicle body mounting flange 52b interposed therebetween.
　ここで、ハブ輪５５では、軸部５４と直交する方向に放射状に延びる車輪取付フランジ５７が、冷間での側方押し出し成形によって軸部５４と一体に形成され、また、成形の際の押し出し残り部によって構成される位置決め用筒部５８も軸部５４と同心に一体に形成されている。 Here, in the hub wheel 55, a wheel mounting flange 57 extending radially in a direction orthogonal to the shaft portion 54 is formed integrally with the shaft portion 54 by cold side extrusion, and is also extruded during molding. The positioning cylinder portion 58 constituted by the remaining portion is also formed integrally with the shaft portion 54.
　一方、外方部材５２では、軸部５９と直交する方向に放射状に延びる車体取付フランジ５２ｂが、冷間での側方押し出し成形によって軸部５９と一体に形成され、また、成形の際の押し出し残り部によって構成される位置決め用筒部６０も軸部５９と同心に一体に形成されている。 On the other hand, in the outer member 52, a vehicle body mounting flange 52b extending radially in a direction orthogonal to the shaft portion 59 is formed integrally with the shaft portion 59 by cold side extrusion, and is also extruded during molding. The positioning cylinder part 60 constituted by the remaining part is also formed integrally with the shaft part 59.
　これにより、車輪取付フランジ５７および車体取付フランジ５２ｂを圧縮成形する場合と比較して、冷間鍛造で比較的小さな設備を用いて低荷重で成形することができ、後工程での切削加工代が削減されて安価なハブ輪５５および外方部材５２を得ることができる。 Thereby, compared with the case where the wheel mounting flange 57 and the vehicle body mounting flange 52b are compression-molded, it can be molded with a relatively small equipment using cold forging, and the machining cost in the subsequent process is reduced. The hub wheel 55 and the outer member 52 that are reduced and inexpensive can be obtained.
　また、周方向に連続する円筒状の位置決め用筒部５８、６０を軸部５４、５９と一体に高精度で容易に冷間成形することができるので、必要な部分の肉厚を確保した状態で材料歩留まりを良くすることができ、製造コストを低くすることができる（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。 In addition, the cylindrical positioning cylinders 58, 60 that are continuous in the circumferential direction can be easily cold formed integrally with the shafts 54, 59 with high accuracy, so that the thickness of the necessary part is secured. Thus, the material yield can be improved and the manufacturing cost can be reduced (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
特開２００６－１１１０７０号公報JP 2006-111070 A
　前述した従来の車輪用軸受装置では、ハブ輪５５の車輪取付フランジ５７および外方部材５２の車体取付フランジ５２ｂを冷間鍛造に成形する場合、その先端部まで素材を充足させるために加工荷重を大きくしなければならず、必然的に設備自体が大型化する。また、冷間鍛造前に素材と金型の滑りを良くするためのボンデ処理を施す必要があり、コスト高騰を招来することになる。ここで、ボンデ処理とは、冷間鍛造成形加工時の成形品と成形金型の摩擦抵抗をなくすためにリン酸塩皮膜（潤滑皮膜）を付ける処理を言う。 In the conventional wheel bearing device described above, when the wheel mounting flange 57 of the hub wheel 55 and the vehicle body mounting flange 52b of the outer member 52 are formed by cold forging, a processing load is applied in order to satisfy the material up to the tip. It must be enlarged, and the equipment itself inevitably increases in size. In addition, it is necessary to perform a bond treatment for improving the slippage between the material and the mold before cold forging, resulting in an increase in cost. Here, the bonde process refers to a process of applying a phosphate film (lubricant film) in order to eliminate the frictional resistance between the molded product and the mold during the cold forging process.
　本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたもので、切削代を低減して低コスト化を図ると共に、高負荷の部分の強度を高め、軽量化と高剛性化という相反する課題を解決して軸受の長寿命化を図った車輪用軸受装置およびその製造方法を提供することを目的としている。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and reduces the cutting cost to reduce the cost, while increasing the strength of the high-load portion, solving the conflicting problem of weight reduction and high rigidity. Thus, it is an object of the present invention to provide a wheel bearing device and a method for manufacturing the same that extend the life of the bearing.
　係る目的を達成すべく、本発明のうち請求項１に記載の発明は、内周に複列の外側転走面が一体に形成された外方部材と、一端部に車輪を取り付けるための車輪取付フランジと、この車輪取付フランジからアウター側に延びる円筒状のパイロット部を一体に有し、外周に軸方向に延びる小径段部が形成されたハブ輪、およびこのハブ輪の小径段部に嵌合された少なくとも一つの内輪からなり、外周に前記複列の外側転走面に対向する複列の内側転走面が形成された内方部材と、この内方部材と外方部材間に保持器を介して転動自在に収容された複列の転動体とを備えた車輪用軸受装置において、前記ハブ輪が、熱間鍛造と冷間鍛造によって形成され、前記冷間鍛造が部分的に施されている。 In order to achieve such an object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention includes an outer member in which a double row outer rolling surface is integrally formed on the inner periphery, and a wheel for attaching a wheel to one end. A hub ring that integrally has a mounting flange and a cylindrical pilot portion that extends outward from the wheel mounting flange, and that has a small-diameter step portion extending in the axial direction on the outer periphery, and a small-diameter step portion of the hub ring. An inner member comprising at least one combined inner ring and having an outer circumferential surface formed with a double row inner rolling surface facing the double row outer rolling surface, and held between the inner member and the outer member In a wheel bearing device comprising a double row rolling element housed so as to be freely rollable via a vessel, the hub wheel is formed by hot forging and cold forging, and the cold forging is partially It has been subjected.
　このように、一端部に車輪を取り付けるための車輪取付フランジと、この車輪取付フランジからアウター側に延びる円筒状のパイロット部を一体に有するハブ輪を備えた第１乃至第３世代構造の車輪用軸受装置において、ハブ輪が、熱間鍛造と冷間鍛造によって形成され、冷間鍛造が部分的に施されているので、冷間鍛造による加工硬化で、高負荷の部分の強度を高め、軽量化と高剛性化という相反する課題を解決して軸受の長寿命化を図った車輪用軸受装置を提供することができる。また、部分的な冷間鍛造によって加工力を小さく抑えることができ、鍛造設備をコンパクト化できると共に、従来のようにボンデ処理を施すまでもなく油潤滑で済み、切削代を低減して低コスト化を図ることができる。 Thus, for the wheel of the 1st thru | or 3rd generation structure provided with the wheel wheel flange for attaching a wheel to one end part, and the hub wheel which has the cylindrical pilot part extended from this wheel attachment flange to the outer side integrally. In the bearing device, the hub wheel is formed by hot forging and cold forging, and cold forging is partially applied, so work hardening by cold forging increases the strength of high load parts and light weight Thus, it is possible to provide a wheel bearing device that solves the conflicting problems of increasing the rigidity and increasing the rigidity of the bearing and extends the life of the bearing. In addition, it is possible to reduce the processing force by partial cold forging, to make the forging equipment compact, as well as to oil lubrication without needing to be bonded as in the past, reducing cutting cost and low cost. Can be achieved.
　また、請求項２に記載の発明のように、前記車輪取付フランジが円周方向複数に分割された複数の部分フランジで構成されていれば、外方部材をナックルに締結する際に、この車輪取付フランジに邪魔されることなく、工具にて容易にナックルボルトを締結することができ、組立作業を簡便化することができる。 If the wheel mounting flange is composed of a plurality of partial flanges divided into a plurality of circumferential directions as in the invention described in claim 2, when the outer member is fastened to the knuckle, this wheel The knuckle bolt can be easily fastened with a tool without being obstructed by the mounting flange, and the assembling work can be simplified.
　また、請求項３に記載の発明のように、前記パイロット部が、その円周方向の複数箇所に切欠きが設けられ、断続した突片状に形成され、このパイロット部が前記部分フランジ間に形成されていれば、ハブ輪の剛性を低下させることなく軽量化を図ることができる。 According to a third aspect of the present invention, the pilot portion is provided with notches at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, and is formed in the shape of intermittent protrusions. The pilot portion is interposed between the partial flanges. If formed, weight reduction can be achieved without reducing the rigidity of the hub wheel.
　また、請求項４に記載の発明のように、前記冷間鍛造が前記車輪取付フランジの根元部に施されていれば、大きなモーメント荷重が車輪取付フランジに負荷されても効果的に車輪取付フランジの強度を高め、耐久性を向上させることができる。 Further, as in the invention according to claim 4, if the cold forging is applied to the base portion of the wheel mounting flange, the wheel mounting flange can be effectively applied even if a large moment load is applied to the wheel mounting flange. It is possible to increase the strength and improve the durability.
　また、請求項５に記載の発明のように、前記冷間鍛造が前記パイロット部に施されていても良い。 Further, as in the invention described in claim 5, the cold forging may be performed on the pilot portion.
　また、請求項６に記載の発明のように、前記ハブ輪のアウター側の端面からインナー側に向ってすり鉢状に延びる凹所が形成され、この凹所からインナー側の端面に開口する貫通孔が打ち抜き加工によって形成されると共に、前記凹所が前記冷間鍛造によって前記パイロット部の内径部からテーパ状に形成され、前記ハブ輪のアウター側の端部が前記車輪取付フランジの肉厚と略同一の均一な肉厚に形成されていれば、軽量化と高剛性化という相反する課題を同時に解決することができる。 According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, a recess extending in a mortar shape from the outer end surface of the hub wheel toward the inner side is formed, and a through-hole that opens from the recess to the inner end surface Is formed by punching, and the recess is tapered from the inner diameter portion of the pilot portion by the cold forging, and the outer end of the hub wheel is substantially the same as the thickness of the wheel mounting flange. If they are formed to have the same uniform thickness, the conflicting problems of weight reduction and high rigidity can be solved simultaneously.
　また、請求項７に記載の発明のように、前記外方部材が炭素０．４０～０．８０ｗｔ％を含む中高炭素鋼で形成され、外周に固定ボルトを介して車体に取り付けられるための車体取付フランジを一体に有し、前記冷間鍛造が前記車輪取付フランジの根元部に施されていれば、大きなモーメント荷重が車輪取付フランジに負荷されても効果的に車輪取付フランジの強度を高め、耐久性を向上させることができる。 Further, as in the invention described in claim 7, the outer member is formed of medium-high carbon steel containing 0.40 to 0.80 wt% of carbon and is attached to the vehicle body on the outer periphery via a fixing bolt. If the mounting flange is integrated and the cold forging is applied to the base of the wheel mounting flange, the strength of the wheel mounting flange is effectively increased even if a large moment load is applied to the wheel mounting flange. Durability can be improved.
　また、請求項８に記載の発明のように、前記ハブ輪が炭素０．４０～０．８０ｗｔ％を含む中高炭素鋼で形成されていても良い。 Further, as in the invention described in claim 8, the hub wheel may be formed of medium to high carbon steel containing carbon of 0.40 to 0.80 wt%.
　また、本発明のうち請求項９に記載の方法発明は、内周に複列の外側転走面が一体に形成された外方部材と、一端部に車輪を取り付けるための車輪取付フランジと、この車輪取付フランジからアウター側に延びる円筒状のパイロット部を一体に有し、外周に軸方向に延びる小径段部が形成されたハブ輪、およびこのハブ輪の小径段部に嵌合された少なくとも一つの内輪からなり、外周に前記複列の外側転走面に対向する複列の内側転走面が形成された内方部材と、この内方部材と外方部材間に保持器を介して転動自在に収容された複列の転動体とを備えた車輪用軸受装置の製造方法において、前記ハブ輪が、熱間鍛造工程と、この熱間鍛造工程の後に部分的に施される冷間鍛造工程を備え、少なくとも前記車輪取付フランジの根元部が前記冷間鍛造によって薄肉化されている。 Moreover, the method invention according to claim 9 of the present invention includes an outer member in which a double row outer rolling surface is integrally formed on the inner periphery, a wheel mounting flange for mounting a wheel on one end, A hub ring integrally having a cylindrical pilot portion extending from the wheel mounting flange to the outer side and having a small diameter step portion extending in the axial direction on the outer periphery, and at least fitted to the small diameter step portion of the hub ring An inner member comprising a single inner ring and having a double row inner rolling surface facing the outer row rolling surface of the double row on the outer periphery, and a cage between the inner member and the outer member In a method of manufacturing a wheel bearing device including a double row rolling element accommodated in a freely rollable manner, the hub wheel is subjected to a hot forging step and a cold partly applied after the hot forging step. An intermediate forging step, at least a root portion of the wheel mounting flange is It is thinned by between forging.
　このように、一端部に車輪を取り付けるための車輪取付フランジと、この車輪取付フランジからアウター側に延びる円筒状のパイロット部を一体に有するハブ輪を備えた第１乃至第３世代構造の車輪用軸受装置の製造方法において、ハブ輪が、熱間鍛造工程と、この熱間鍛造工程の後に部分的に施される冷間鍛造工程を備え、少なくとも車輪取付フランジの根元部が冷間鍛造によって薄肉化されているので、冷間鍛造による加工硬化で、大きなモーメント荷重が車輪取付フランジに負荷されても、効果的に車輪取付フランジの強度を高め、耐久性を向上させることができる。また、部分的な冷間鍛造によって切削代を低減すると共に、加工力を小さく抑えることができ、鍛造設備をコンパクト化することができる。 Thus, for the wheel of the 1st thru | or 3rd generation structure provided with the wheel wheel flange for attaching a wheel to one end part, and the hub wheel which has the cylindrical pilot part extended from this wheel attachment flange to the outer side integrally. In the method of manufacturing a bearing device, the hub wheel includes a hot forging step and a cold forging step that is partially performed after the hot forging step, and at least a root portion of the wheel mounting flange is thinned by cold forging. Therefore, even if a large moment load is applied to the wheel mounting flange by work hardening by cold forging, the strength of the wheel mounting flange can be effectively increased and the durability can be improved. In addition, the cutting allowance can be reduced by partial cold forging, the processing force can be reduced, and the forging equipment can be made compact.
　また、請求項１０に記載の発明のように、前記車輪取付フランジが円周方向複数に分割された複数の部分フランジで構成され、この部分フランジの周方向の側面のうち前記熱間鍛造によって根元部が先端部よりもくびれた形状に形成されると共に、前記冷間鍛造によって前記先端部が金型で拘束された状態で、前記根元部が先端部から漸次末広がりする滑らかな円弧状に形成されれば、素材の塑性流動がスムーズにでき、車輪取付フランジを薄肉化することができ、成形の際の押し出し残り部によってパイロット部をはじめ、車輪取付フランジのインナー側の基部や内側転走面等を精度良く形成することができる。 Moreover, like invention of Claim 10, the said wheel mounting flange is comprised by the some partial flange divided | segmented into the circumferential direction plurality, and the root is carried out by the said hot forging among the side surfaces of the circumferential direction of this partial flange. The part is formed in a shape narrower than the tip part, and the root part is formed in a smooth arc shape gradually spreading from the tip part in a state where the tip part is constrained by a die by the cold forging. The plastic flow of the material can be made smooth, the wheel mounting flange can be made thin, and the base part on the inner side of the wheel mounting flange, the inner rolling surface, etc. Can be formed with high accuracy.
　また、請求項１１に記載の発明のように、前記ハブ輪のアウター側の端面からインナー側に向ってすり鉢状に延びる凹所が熱間鍛造によって形成され、この凹所が前記パイロット部の内径面から凸の円弧状に形成されると共に、当該凹所が、冷間鍛造によってテーパ状に形成されて減肉化されれば、冷間鍛造による加工硬化で、ハブ輪の強度・剛性を高め、中空化を実現して軽量化を図ることができる。 Further, as in the invention described in claim 11, a recess extending in a mortar shape from the outer end surface of the hub wheel toward the inner side is formed by hot forging, and this recess is an inner diameter of the pilot portion. If it is formed into a convex arc shape from the surface and the recess is tapered and thinned by cold forging, the strength and rigidity of the hub wheel will be increased by work hardening by cold forging. Thus, the hollowing can be realized and the weight can be reduced.
　また、請求項１２に記載の発明のように、前記パイロット部が、その円周方向の複数箇所に切欠きが設けられ、断続した突片状に熱間鍛造によって形成され、このパイロット部が前記部分フランジ間に配置されると共に、当該パイロット部の根元部が冷間鍛造によって形成されていても良い。 Further, as in the invention described in claim 12, the pilot portion is provided with notches at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, and is formed by hot forging into an intermittent projecting piece, the pilot portion being While arrange | positioning between partial flanges, the base part of the said pilot part may be formed by cold forging.
　また、請求項１３に記載の発明のように、前記車輪取付フランジの根元部が、前記冷間鍛造によって少なくとも１０％薄肉化されていれば、冷間鍛造の加工硬化により強度・剛性が高まるので、強化された分を減肉設計による軽量化をすることが可能になる。 Further, as in the invention described in claim 13, if the root portion of the wheel mounting flange is thinned by at least 10% by the cold forging, the strength and rigidity are increased by work hardening of the cold forging. It is possible to reduce the weight of the strengthened portion by reducing the thickness.
　また、請求項１４に記載の発明のように、前記部分フランジの周方向の側面のうち前記熱間鍛造によって根元部が先端部よりもくびれた形状に形成されると共に、前記冷間鍛造によって前記先端部が金型で拘束された状態で、前記根元部が先端部から漸次末広がりする滑らかな円弧状に形成されれば、素材の塑性流動がスムーズにでき、車輪取付フランジを薄肉化することができ、成形の際の押し出し残り部によってパイロット部をはじめ、車輪取付フランジのインナー側の基部や内側転走面等を精度良く形成することができる。 Further, as in the invention described in claim 14, a base portion is formed in a shape narrower than a tip portion by the hot forging of the side surface in the circumferential direction of the partial flange, and the cold forging If the base is formed in a smooth arc shape that gradually spreads from the tip while the tip is constrained by a mold, the plastic flow of the material can be made smooth, and the wheel mounting flange can be made thin. In addition, it is possible to accurately form the pilot portion, the inner base portion of the wheel mounting flange, the inner rolling surface and the like by the remaining extruded portion at the time of molding.
　また、請求項１５に記載の発明のように、前記ハブ輪が、前記熱間鍛造後の表面硬さに対し前記冷間鍛造後の硬度上昇が５％以上に設定されていれば、高負荷の部分の強度を高め、軽量化と高剛性化という相反する課題を解決することができる。 Further, as in the invention described in claim 15, if the hub wheel has a hardness increase after cold forging set to 5% or more with respect to the surface hardness after hot forging, the load is high. The strength of the portion can be increased, and the conflicting problems of weight reduction and high rigidity can be solved.
　また、請求項１６に記載の発明のように、前記車輪取付フランジのハブボルト挿通孔が、前記熱間鍛造で打ち抜き加工され、その後、前記冷間鍛造で所定の内径寸法に形成されると共に、前記ハブボルト挿通孔の熱間鍛造後の内周面の表面硬さに対し、前記冷間鍛造後の硬度上昇が５％未満となるように設定されていれば、ハブボルトとハブボルト挿通孔との硬度差が１０ＨＲＣ以上に設定することが容易になり、ハブボルト挿通孔の内周面が塑性変形してハブボルトのナールがハブボルト挿通孔に充分食い込み、組立作業性を阻害することなくハブボルトのスリップトルクを増大かつ安定化させることができる。 Further, as in the invention described in claim 16, the hub bolt insertion hole of the wheel mounting flange is punched by the hot forging, and then formed into a predetermined inner diameter by the cold forging. If the hardness increase after cold forging is set to be less than 5% of the surface hardness of the inner peripheral surface after hot forging of the hub bolt insertion hole, the difference in hardness between the hub bolt and the hub bolt insertion hole Can be set to 10 HRC or more, the inner peripheral surface of the hub bolt insertion hole is plastically deformed, and the hub bolt knurl sufficiently bites into the hub bolt insertion hole, increasing the slip torque of the hub bolt without hindering assembly workability and Can be stabilized.
　また、請求項１７に記載の発明のように、前記冷間鍛造が油潤滑によって行われていれば、低コスト化を図ることができる。 Further, as in the invention described in claim 17, if the cold forging is performed by oil lubrication, the cost can be reduced.
　本発明に係る車輪用軸受装置は、内周に複列の外側転走面が一体に形成された外方部材と、一端部に車輪を取り付けるための車輪取付フランジと、この車輪取付フランジからアウター側に延びる円筒状のパイロット部を一体に有し、外周に軸方向に延びる小径段部が形成されたハブ輪、およびこのハブ輪の小径段部に嵌合された少なくとも一つの内輪からなり、外周に前記複列の外側転走面に対向する複列の内側転走面が形成された内方部材と、この内方部材と外方部材間に保持器を介して転動自在に収容された複列の転動体とを備えた車輪用軸受装置において、前記ハブ輪が、熱間鍛造と冷間鍛造によって形成され、前記冷間鍛造が部分的に施されているので、冷間鍛造による加工硬化で、高負荷の部分の強度を高め、軽量化と高剛性化という相反する課題を解決して軸受の長寿命化を図った車輪用軸受装置を提供することができる。また、部分的な冷間鍛造によって加工力を小さく抑えることができ、鍛造設備をコンパクト化することができると共に、従来のようにボンデ処理を施すまでもなく油潤滑で済み、切削代の低減と相俟って低コスト化を図ることができる。 A wheel bearing device according to the present invention includes an outer member in which a double row outer rolling surface is integrally formed on an inner periphery, a wheel mounting flange for mounting a wheel at one end, and an outer portion from the wheel mounting flange. A hub ring integrally formed with a cylindrical pilot portion extending to the side and having a small-diameter step portion extending in the axial direction on the outer periphery, and at least one inner ring fitted to the small-diameter step portion of the hub ring, An inner member having a double row inner rolling surface facing the outer row rolling surface of the double row is formed on the outer periphery, and the inner member and the outer member are rotatably accommodated via a cage between the inner member and the outer member. In the wheel bearing device including the double row rolling elements, the hub wheel is formed by hot forging and cold forging, and the cold forging is partially applied. Work hardening increases the strength of heavy loads, making it lighter and more rigid It is possible to provide a solution to a wheel bearing apparatus which aimed to extend the life of the bearing contradictory problem that. In addition, it is possible to reduce the processing force by partial cold forging, to make the forging equipment compact, and it is possible to reduce the cutting cost by oil lubrication without needing to be bonded as in the conventional case. Together, cost reduction can be achieved.
　本発明に係る車輪用軸受装置の製造方法は、内周に複列の外側転走面が一体に形成された外方部材と、一端部に車輪を取り付けるための車輪取付フランジと、この車輪取付フランジからアウター側に延びる円筒状のパイロット部を一体に有し、外周に軸方向に延びる小径段部が形成されたハブ輪、およびこのハブ輪の小径段部に嵌合された少なくとも一つの内輪からなり、外周に前記複列の外側転走面に対向する複列の内側転走面が形成された内方部材と、この内方部材と外方部材間に保持器を介して転動自在に収容された複列の転動体とを備えた車輪用軸受装置の製造方法において、前記ハブ輪が、熱間鍛造工程と、この熱間鍛造工程の後に部分的に施される冷間鍛造工程を備え、少なくとも前記車輪取付フランジの根元部が前記冷間鍛造によって薄肉化されているので、冷間鍛造による加工硬化で、大きなモーメント荷重が車輪取付フランジに負荷されても、効果的に車輪取付フランジの強度を高め、耐久性を向上させることができる。また、部分的な冷間鍛造によって切削代を低減して低コスト化を図ると共に、加工力を小さく抑えることができ、鍛造設備をコンパクト化することができる。 The method for manufacturing a wheel bearing device according to the present invention includes an outer member in which a double row outer rolling surface is integrally formed on an inner periphery, a wheel mounting flange for mounting a wheel at one end, and the wheel mounting. A hub ring integrally having a cylindrical pilot portion extending from the flange to the outer side and having a small-diameter step portion extending in the axial direction on the outer periphery, and at least one inner ring fitted to the small-diameter step portion of the hub ring An inner member having a double-row inner rolling surface facing the outer row of the double row on the outer periphery, and the inner member and the outer member can be freely rolled via a cage. In the method of manufacturing a wheel bearing device including a double row rolling element housed in the hub, the hub wheel is subjected to a hot forging step, and a cold forging step that is partially performed after the hot forging step. At least the base of the wheel mounting flange is cold-forged. Because it is thinned by, in work hardening by cold forging, even large moment load is loaded on the wheel mounting flange, effectively increasing the strength of the wheel mounting flange, it is possible to improve the durability. In addition, cutting costs can be reduced by partial cold forging, the cost can be reduced, the processing force can be kept small, and the forging equipment can be made compact.
本発明に係る車輪用軸受装置の一実施形態を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal section showing one embodiment of a wheel bearing device concerning the present invention. 図１の正面図である。It is a front view of FIG. 本発明に係る車輪用軸受装置の製造工程を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the manufacturing process of the wheel bearing apparatus which concerns on this invention. （ａ）は、図１のハブ輪の熱間鍛造後を示す正面図、（ｂ）は、（ａ）のＩＶ－ＩＶ線に沿った縦断面図である。(A) is a front view showing the hub wheel of FIG. 1 after hot forging, and (b) is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line IV-IV of (a). （ａ）は、図１のハブ輪の冷間鍛造後を示す正面図、（ｂ）は、（ａ）のＶ－Ｖ線に沿った縦断面図である。(A) is a front view showing the hub wheel of FIG. 1 after cold forging, and (b) is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line VV of (a). 図１のハブ輪の冷間鍛造方法を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the cold forging method of the hub wheel of FIG. （ａ）は、冷間鍛造用のダイスに成形品をセットした状態を示す平面図、（ｂ）は、（ａ）のＶＩＩ－ＶＩＩ線に沿った断面図である。(A) is a plan view showing a state in which a molded product is set on a cold forging die, and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line VII-VII in (a). 従来の車輪用軸受装置を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the conventional wheel bearing apparatus.
　外周に車体に取り付けられるための車体取付フランジを一体に有し、内周に複列の外側転走面が一体に形成された外方部材と、一端部に車輪を取り付けるための車輪取付フランジと、この車輪取付フランジからアウター側に延びる円筒状のパイロット部を一体に有し、外周に前記複列の外側転走面の一方に対向する内側転走面と、この内側転走面から軸方向に延びる小径段部が形成されたハブ輪、およびこのハブ輪の小径段部に嵌合され、外周に前記複列の外側転走面の他方に対向する内側転走面が形成された内輪からなる内方部材と、この内方部材と外方部材間に保持器を介して転動自在に収容された複列の転動体とを備えた車輪用軸受装置において、前記車輪取付フランジが円周方向複数に分割された複数の部分フランジで構成され、前記車輪取付フランジからアウター側に延び、円周方向の複数箇所に切欠きが設けられて断続した突片状にパイロット部が形成され、このパイロット部が前記部分フランジ間に配置されると共に、前記ハブ輪が、熱間鍛造と、その後の冷間鍛造との２回の鍛造工程によって形成され、前記冷間鍛造が、少なくとも前記車輪取付フランジの根元部に施されている。 An outer member integrally having a vehicle body mounting flange to be attached to the vehicle body on the outer periphery, a double row outer rolling surface formed integrally on the inner periphery, and a wheel mounting flange for mounting a wheel on one end A cylindrical pilot portion extending outward from the wheel mounting flange to the outer side, and an inner rolling surface facing one of the double-row outer rolling surfaces on the outer periphery, and an axial direction from the inner rolling surface A hub ring formed with a small-diameter step that extends to the inner ring, and an inner ring that is fitted to the small-diameter step of the hub ring and that has an inner rolling surface facing the other of the outer rolling surfaces of the double row on the outer periphery. In the wheel bearing device, comprising: an inner member, and a double row rolling element that is rotatably accommodated between the inner member and the outer member via a cage. Consists of multiple partial flanges divided into multiple directions, The pilot portion is formed in the shape of a projecting piece that extends from the wheel mounting flange to the outer side and is provided with notches at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, and the pilot portion is disposed between the partial flanges. The hub wheel is formed by two forging processes including hot forging and subsequent cold forging, and the cold forging is applied to at least a root portion of the wheel mounting flange.
　以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。
　図１は、本発明に係る車輪用軸受装置の一実施形態を示す縦断面図、図２は、図１の正面図、図３は、本発明に係る車輪用軸受装置の製造工程を示すブロック図、図４（ａ）は、図１のハブ輪の熱間鍛造後を示す正面図、（ｂ）は、（ａ）のＩＶ－ＩＶ線に沿った縦断面図、図５（ａ）は、図１のハブ輪の冷間鍛造後を示す正面図、（ｂ）は、（ａ）のＶ－Ｖ線に沿った縦断面図、図６は、図１のハブ輪の冷間鍛造方法を示す説明図、図７（ａ）は、冷間鍛造用のダイスに成形品をセットした状態を示す平面図、（ｂ）は、（ａ）のＶＩＩ－ＶＩＩ線に沿った断面図である。なお、以下の説明では、車両に組み付けた状態で車両の外側寄りとなる側をアウター側（図１の左側）、中央寄り側をインナー側（図１の右側）という。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a wheel bearing device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a manufacturing process of the wheel bearing device according to the present invention. 4A is a front view showing the hub wheel of FIG. 1 after hot forging, FIG. 4B is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 5A, and FIG. 1 is a front view showing the hub wheel after cold forging, FIG. 1B is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 1A, and FIG. 6 is a cold forging method of the hub wheel of FIG. FIG. 7A is a plan view showing a state where a molded product is set on a cold forging die, and FIG. 7B is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII in FIG. . In the following description, the side closer to the outer side of the vehicle when assembled to the vehicle is referred to as the outer side (left side in FIG. 1), and the side closer to the center is referred to as the inner side (right side in FIG. 1).
　この車輪用軸受装置は第３世代と呼称される従動輪用であって、内方部材１と外方部材２、これら内方部材１と外方部材２間に収容された複列の転動体（ボール）３、３とを備えている。ここで、内方部材１は、ハブ輪４と、このハブ輪４に圧入された内輪５とを指す。 This wheel bearing device is for a driven wheel called a third generation, and includes an inner member 1 and an outer member 2, and a double row rolling element housed between the inner member 1 and the outer member 2. (Balls) 3 and 3. Here, the inner member 1 indicates a hub ring 4 and an inner ring 5 press-fitted into the hub ring 4.
　ハブ輪４は、外周のアウター側の端部に円周方向複数（ここでは５つ）に分割された車輪取付フランジ６を一体に有し（図２参照）、外周部には車輪（図示せず）を締結するためのハブボルト７が植設されている。この車輪取付フランジ６は、ハブボルト挿通孔８の近傍を除く部分を切欠いて、各ボルト挿通孔８の形成部分と略同じ幅でもって、環状の基部から放射状に突出するように形成されている。すなわち、車輪取付フランジ６は、円周方向に離れた複数の部分フランジ６ａに分割して形成されている。 The hub wheel 4 integrally has a wheel mounting flange 6 divided into a plurality of circumferential directions (here, five) at the outer end of the outer periphery (see FIG. 2), and a wheel (not shown) is provided on the outer periphery. The hub bolt 7 for fastening is attached. The wheel mounting flange 6 is formed so as to protrude radially from the annular base portion with a width substantially the same as the portion where each bolt insertion hole 8 is formed by cutting out a portion excluding the vicinity of the hub bolt insertion hole 8. That is, the wheel mounting flange 6 is formed by being divided into a plurality of partial flanges 6a separated in the circumferential direction.
　また、図１に示すように、ハブ輪４の車輪取付フランジ６の基部９にはアウター側に延びる円筒状のブレーキパイロット部１０が形成され、ブレーキロータ１１の内径面を案内している。さらに、このブレーキパイロット部１０からアウター側に延びるホイールパイロット部１２が形成されている。このホイールパイロット部１２は、ブレーキロータ１１に重ねて装着されるホイールハブ１３の内径面を案内するもので、前記ブレーキパイロット部１０よりも小径に形成されている。そして、その円周方向の複数箇所に切欠きが設けられ、断続した突片状に形成されている。ここでは、この断続したホイールパイロット部１２は、複数に分割された部分フランジ６ａ間に形成されている（図２参照）。これにより、ハブ輪４の剛性を低下させることなく軽量化を図ることができる。 As shown in FIG. 1, a cylindrical brake pilot portion 10 extending outward is formed on the base portion 9 of the wheel mounting flange 6 of the hub wheel 4 to guide the inner diameter surface of the brake rotor 11. Further, a wheel pilot portion 12 extending from the brake pilot portion 10 to the outer side is formed. The wheel pilot portion 12 guides the inner diameter surface of the wheel hub 13 mounted on the brake rotor 11 so as to be smaller in diameter than the brake pilot portion 10. And the notch is provided in the multiple places of the circumferential direction, and it forms in the shape of the intermittent protrusion. Here, the intermittent wheel pilot portion 12 is formed between a plurality of partial flanges 6a (see FIG. 2). Thereby, weight reduction can be achieved without reducing the rigidity of the hub wheel 4.
　ハブ輪４における車輪取付フランジ６からインナー側の外周には内側転走面４ａと、この内側転走面４ａから軸方向に延びる小径段部４ｂが形成されている。そして、外周に内側転走面５ａが形成された内輪５がこの小径段部４ｂに圧入され、小径段部４ｂの端部を径方向外方に塑性変形させて形成した加締部４ｃにより、ハブ輪４に対して内輪５が軸方向へ抜けるのを防止している。本実施形態では、このようなセルフリテイン構造を採用することにより、従来のようにナット等で強固に緊締して予圧量を管理する必要がないため、車両への組込性を簡便にすることができると共に、かつ長期間その予圧量を維持することができる。 An inner rolling surface 4a and a small-diameter step portion 4b extending in the axial direction from the inner rolling surface 4a are formed on the outer periphery of the hub wheel 4 from the wheel mounting flange 6 to the inner side. Then, the inner ring 5 having the inner raceway surface 5a formed on the outer periphery is press-fitted into the small diameter step portion 4b, and the crimping portion 4c formed by plastically deforming the end portion of the small diameter step portion 4b radially outwardly, The inner ring 5 is prevented from coming off in the axial direction with respect to the hub ring 4. In this embodiment, by adopting such a self-retain structure, it is not necessary to manage the preload by tightening firmly with a nut or the like as in the prior art, so that the ease of incorporation into the vehicle is simplified. In addition, the preload amount can be maintained for a long time.
　ハブ輪４はＳ５３Ｃ等の炭素０．４０～０．８０ｗｔ％を含む中高炭素鋼で形成され、アウター側の内側転走面４ａをはじめ、後述するアウター側のシール１９が装着される基部９および小径段部４ｂに亙り高周波焼入れによって表面硬さを５８～６４ＨＲＣの範囲に硬化処理されている。なお、加締部４ｃは、鍛造後の素材表面硬さ３０ＨＲＣ以下の未焼入れ部としている。これにより、ハブ輪４の剛性が向上すると共に、内輪５との嵌合面のフレッティング摩耗を防止することができ、ハブ輪４の耐久性が向上する。また、加締部４ｃを塑性変形させる時の加工性が向上すると共に、加工時におけるクラック等の発生を防止してその品質の信頼性が向上する。また、内輪５および転動体３は、ＳＵＪ２等の高炭素クロム軸受鋼からなり、ズブ焼入れにより芯部まで５８～６４ＨＲＣの範囲で硬化処理されている。 The hub wheel 4 is made of medium and high carbon steel containing 0.40 to 0.80 wt% of carbon such as S53C, and includes a base 9 on which an outer side inner rolling surface 4a and an outer side seal 19 described later are mounted. The surface hardness is set to a range of 58 to 64 HRC by induction hardening over the small diameter step 4b. Note that the caulking portion 4c is an unquenched portion having a surface hardness of 30 HRC or less after forging. As a result, the rigidity of the hub wheel 4 is improved and fretting wear on the fitting surface with the inner ring 5 can be prevented, and the durability of the hub wheel 4 is improved. In addition, the workability when plastically deforming the caulking portion 4c is improved, and the occurrence of cracks or the like during the processing is prevented, thereby improving the reliability of the quality. Further, the inner ring 5 and the rolling element 3 are made of high carbon chrome bearing steel such as SUJ2, and are hardened in the range of 58 to 64 HRC to the core by quenching.
　なお、本実施形態では、車輪取付フランジ６が、ボルト挿通孔８の近傍を除く部分を切欠いて、各ボルト挿通孔８の形成部分と略同じ幅でもって、その環状の基部から放射状に突出するように形成されたものを例示したが、これに限らず、図示はしないが、ボルト挿通孔の周辺を避けてボルト挿通孔間に、このボルト挿通孔のピッチ円直径より内径側まで深くＲ形状の切欠きが形成された花形形状をなす車輪取付フランジであっても良い。 In the present embodiment, the wheel mounting flange 6 is cut out at a portion other than the vicinity of the bolt insertion hole 8 and protrudes radially from the annular base portion with substantially the same width as the formation portion of each bolt insertion hole 8. However, the present invention is not limited to this, but it is not illustrated, but between the bolt insertion holes while avoiding the periphery of the bolt insertion holes, the R shape is deeper from the pitch circle diameter of the bolt insertion holes to the inner diameter side. It may be a wheel mounting flange having a flower shape in which a notch is formed.
　外方部材２は、外周に懸架装置を構成するナックル（図示せず）に取り付けられる車体取付フランジ１４を一体に有し、外周部にボルト挿通孔１５が穿設されている。この車体取付フランジ１４は、図２に示すように、ボルト挿通孔１５の周辺を避けてボルト挿通孔１５間に、このボルト挿通孔１５のピッチ円直径より内径側まで深くＲ形状の切欠き１６が形成されている。すなわち、車体取付フランジ１４は、円周方向に離れた複数（ここでは４つ）の部分フランジ１４ａに分割して形成されている。さらに、外方部材２のインナー側の端部には、図１に示すように、車体取付フランジ１４から軸方向に延びる円筒状のナックルパイロット部１７が形成され、このナックルパイロット部１７の外径面にナックルが嵌合される。 The outer member 2 integrally has a vehicle body mounting flange 14 attached to a knuckle (not shown) constituting a suspension device on the outer periphery, and has a bolt insertion hole 15 formed in the outer peripheral portion. As shown in FIG. 2, the vehicle body mounting flange 14 has an R-shaped notch 16 that is deeper from the periphery of the bolt insertion hole 15 to the inner diameter side than the pitch circle diameter of the bolt insertion hole 15. Is formed. That is, the vehicle body mounting flange 14 is divided into a plurality (here, four) of partial flanges 14a that are separated in the circumferential direction. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a cylindrical knuckle pilot portion 17 extending in the axial direction from the vehicle body mounting flange 14 is formed at the inner end of the outer member 2, and the outer diameter of the knuckle pilot portion 17 is formed. A knuckle is fitted to the surface.
　外方部材２はＳ５３Ｃ等の炭素０．４０～０．８０ｗｔ％を含む中高炭素鋼で形成され、その内周には内方部材１の複列の内側転走面４ａ、５ａに対向する複列の外側転走面２ａ、２ａが形成されている。そして、少なくともこれら複列の外側転走面２ａ、２ａが高周波焼入れによって表面硬さを５８～６４ＨＲＣの範囲に硬化処理され、内方部材１と外方部材２のそれぞれの転走面間に保持器１８、１８により複列の転動体３、３が転動自在に収容されている。外方部材２の両端部にはシール１９、２０が装着され、外方部材２と内方部材１との環状空間を密封している。これらシール１９、２０により、軸受内部に封入された潤滑グリースの外部への漏洩と、外部から雨水やダスト等が軸受内部に侵入するのを防止している。 The outer member 2 is made of medium and high carbon steel containing 0.40 to 0.80 wt% of carbon such as S53C, and the inner periphery thereof has a plurality of inner rolling surfaces 4a and 5a facing the double rows of inner rolling surfaces 4a and 5a. The outer rolling surfaces 2a, 2a of the rows are formed. At least these double row outer raceway surfaces 2a and 2a are hardened by induction hardening to a surface hardness in the range of 58 to 64 HRC, and are held between the inner member 1 and outer member 2 rolling surfaces. The double- row rolling elements 3 and 3 are accommodated by the vessels 18 and 18 so as to roll freely. Seals 19 and 20 are attached to both ends of the outer member 2 to seal the annular space between the outer member 2 and the inner member 1. These seals 19 and 20 prevent leakage of the lubricating grease sealed inside the bearing and intrusion of rainwater, dust and the like from the outside into the bearing.
　本実施形態では、ハブ輪４の車輪取付フランジ６が、ボルト挿通孔８の近傍を除く部分を切欠いて、各ボルト挿通孔８の形成部分だけが環状の基部から外径側に略同じ幅でもって突出するように形成されているので、外方部材２をナックルに締結する際に、この車輪取付フランジ６に邪魔されることなく、工具にて容易にナックルボルトを締結することができ、組立作業を簡便化することができる。 In the present embodiment, the wheel mounting flange 6 of the hub wheel 4 is cut out at a portion other than the vicinity of the bolt insertion hole 8, and only the portion where each bolt insertion hole 8 is formed has substantially the same width from the annular base to the outer diameter side. Since it is formed so as to protrude, the knuckle bolt can be easily fastened with a tool without being obstructed by the wheel mounting flange 6 when the outer member 2 is fastened to the knuckle. Work can be simplified.
　また、ハブ輪４および外方部材２が大幅に除肉され、車輪取付フランジ６および車体取付フランジ１４が従来の円板状フランジとは全く異なり、複数の部分フランジ６ａ、１４ａに分割されて形成されているので、強度・耐久性を確保しつつ、最軽量化を図ることができる。 Further, the hub wheel 4 and the outer member 2 are significantly thinned, and the wheel mounting flange 6 and the vehicle body mounting flange 14 are formed by being divided into a plurality of partial flanges 6a and 14a, which are completely different from conventional disk-shaped flanges. Therefore, the lightest weight can be achieved while ensuring the strength and durability.
　ここでは、ハブ輪４の外周に直接内側転走面４ａが形成された第３世代と呼称される車輪用軸受装置を例示したが、本発明に係る車輪用軸受装置はこうした構造に限定されず、例えば、図示はしないがハブ輪の小径段部に一対の内輪が圧入された、第１世代または第２世代構造からなる車輪用軸受装置であっても良い。なお、転動体３、３をボールとした複列アンギュラ玉軸受で構成された車輪用軸受装置を例示したが、これに限らず転動体に円すいころを使用した複列円すいころ軸受で構成されていても良い。 Here, the wheel bearing device referred to as the third generation in which the inner raceway surface 4a is formed directly on the outer periphery of the hub wheel 4 is illustrated, but the wheel bearing device according to the present invention is not limited to such a structure. For example, although not shown, a wheel bearing device having a first generation or second generation structure in which a pair of inner rings are press-fitted into a small-diameter step portion of a hub ring may be used. In addition, although the wheel bearing apparatus comprised by the double row angular contact ball bearing which used the rolling elements 3 and 3 as a ball | bowl was illustrated, it is not only this but is comprised by the double row tapered roller bearing which uses a tapered roller for a rolling element. May be.
　本発明に係る車輪用軸受装置において、ハブ輪４および外方部材２は、熱間鍛造と、その後の冷間鍛造と、２回の鍛造工程によって形成されている。
　次に本発明に係るハブ輪４の製造方法について詳細に説明する。ハブ輪４は、図３のブロック図に示すように、素材となるバー材から熱間鍛造加工され、その後、部分的に冷間鍛造加工される。そして、旋削工程を経て熱処理され、研削工程、超仕上げ工程後、組立工程で完成する。
　まず、熱間鍛造加工により、図４に示すような所定の鍛造形状に形成されている。具体的には、端面２１’、２２’をはじめ、車輪取付フランジ６の両側面２３’、２４’とパイロット部１２、車輪取付フランジ６’の基部９’、内側転走面４ａ’、カウンタ部２５’および小径段部４ｂ’が所定の旋削取代等の取代を残した状態で鍛造加工される。本実施形態では、アウター側の端面２１’からインナー側に向ってすり鉢状に延びる凹所２６’が形成されると共に、この凹所２６’からインナー側の端面２’に開口する貫通孔２７が打ち抜き加工によって形成され、ハブ輪４’が中空シャフト化されている。 In the wheel bearing device according to the present invention, the hub wheel 4 and the outer member 2 are formed by hot forging, subsequent cold forging, and two forging processes.
Next, the manufacturing method of the hub wheel 4 according to the present invention will be described in detail. As shown in the block diagram of FIG. 3, the hub wheel 4 is hot forged from a bar material as a raw material and then partially cold forged. And it heat-processes through a turning process, and is completed by an assembly process after a grinding process and a super finishing process.
First, a predetermined forging shape as shown in FIG. 4 is formed by hot forging. Specifically, in addition to the end faces 21 'and 22', both side faces 23 'and 24' of the wheel mounting flange 6 and the pilot part 12, the base part 9 'of the wheel mounting flange 6', the inner rolling surface 4a ', the counter part 25 'and the small-diameter stepped portion 4b' are forged in a state where a machining allowance such as a predetermined turning allowance is left. In the present embodiment, a recess 26 ′ extending in a mortar shape from the outer end surface 21 ′ toward the inner side is formed, and a through hole 27 opening from the recess 26 ′ to the inner end surface 2 ′ is formed. The hub wheel 4 'is formed into a hollow shaft by punching.
　ここで、車輪取付フランジ６’を構成する複数の部分フランジ６ａ’、６ａ’の周方向の側面（図中２点鎖線にて示す）２８は、根元部２８ａが先端部２８ｂよりもくびれた形状に形成されている。また、凹所２６’は、パイロット部１２の内径面から凸の円弧状に形成され、中空状のハブ輪４’が車輪取付フランジ６’の肉厚と略同一の均一な肉厚に形成されている。 Here, a side surface (indicated by a two-dot chain line in the drawing) 28 of the plurality of partial flanges 6a ′ and 6a ′ constituting the wheel mounting flange 6 ′ has a shape in which a root portion 28a is narrower than a tip portion 28b. Is formed. The recess 26 ′ is formed in a convex arc shape from the inner diameter surface of the pilot portion 12, and the hollow hub wheel 4 ′ is formed with a uniform thickness substantially the same as the thickness of the wheel mounting flange 6 ′. ing.
　そして、冷間鍛造加工により、図５に示すような所定の鍛造形状に形成されている。具体的には、車輪取付フランジ６の両側面２３、２４とすり鉢状の凹所２６が所定の旋削取代を残した状態で鍛造加工される（図中２点鎖線にて示す）。 And, it is formed into a predetermined forging shape as shown in FIG. 5 by cold forging. Specifically, forging is performed in a state in which both side surfaces 23 and 24 of the wheel mounting flange 6 and the mortar-shaped recess 26 leave a predetermined turning allowance (indicated by a two-dot chain line in the figure).
　ここで、冷間鍛造される金型は、図６に示すように、アウター側の端面２１’と車輪取付フランジ６’のアウター側の側面２３’および内周部を形成するポンチ２９と、車輪取付フランジ６’のインナー側の側面２４’、基部９’、内側転走面４ａ’、カウンタ部２５’および小径段部４ｂ’を形成するダイス３０によって構成されている。 Here, as shown in FIG. 6, the die for cold forging includes an outer end surface 21 ′, an outer side surface 23 ′ of the wheel mounting flange 6 ′, a punch 29 that forms an inner peripheral portion, and a wheel. It is constituted by a die 30 that forms an inner side surface 24 ′, a base portion 9 ′, an inner rolling surface 4a ′, a counter portion 25 ′, and a small-diameter step portion 4b ′ of the mounting flange 6 ′.
　特に、この冷間鍛造加工では、図７に示すように、車輪取付フランジ６’を構成する複数の部分フランジ６ａ’、６ａ’の周方向の側面２８の形状・寸法が大きく変更される。すなわち、先端部２８ｂをダイスで拘束した状態で、くびれた根元部２８ａが冷間鍛造によって先端部２８ｂから漸次末広がりする滑らかな円弧状に形成されると共に、素材のスムーズな塑性流動によって車輪取付フランジ６’が少なくとも１０％薄肉化され、この成形の際の押し出し残り部によってくびれた根元部２８ａがダイス形状に形成される。さらに、図５（ｂ）に示すように、凹所２６が、車輪取付フランジ６のアウター側の側面２４からテーパ状に形成されて減肉化され、中空状のハブ輪４が車輪取付フランジ６の肉厚と略同一の均一な肉厚に形成される。 In particular, in this cold forging process, as shown in FIG. 7, the shape and dimensions of the side surfaces 28 in the circumferential direction of the plurality of partial flanges 6a 'and 6a' constituting the wheel mounting flange 6 'are greatly changed. That is, the constricted root portion 28a is formed in a smooth arc shape gradually spreading from the tip portion 28b by cold forging while the tip portion 28b is constrained by a die, and the wheel mounting flange is formed by smooth plastic flow of the material. 6 'is thinned by at least 10%, and the root portion 28a constricted by the remaining extrusion portion at the time of molding is formed into a die shape. Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the recess 26 is tapered from the outer side surface 24 of the wheel mounting flange 6 to reduce the thickness, and the hollow hub wheel 4 is replaced with the wheel mounting flange 6. It is formed to have a uniform wall thickness that is substantially the same as the wall thickness.
　このように、ハブ輪４が、熱間鍛造後に、強度が必要な部位に冷間鍛造が施されているので、冷間鍛造による加工硬化で、高負荷の部分の強度を高め、軽量化と高剛性化という相反する課題を解決して軸受の長寿命化を図った車輪用軸受装置を提供することができる。また、部分的な冷間鍛造によって加工力を小さく抑えることができ、鍛造設備をコンパクト化できると共に、従来のようにボンデ処理を施すまでもなく油潤滑で済み、切削代を低減して低コスト化を図ることができる。 Thus, since the hub wheel 4 is subjected to cold forging at a site where strength is required after hot forging, the work load by cold forging increases the strength of the high-load portion and reduces the weight. It is possible to provide a wheel bearing device that solves the conflicting problem of increasing rigidity and extends the life of the bearing. In addition, it is possible to reduce the processing force by partial cold forging, to make the forging equipment compact, as well as to oil lubrication without needing to be bonded as in the past, reducing cutting cost and low cost. Can be achieved.
　また、外方部材２は、ハブ輪４と同様、素材となるバー材から熱間鍛造加工され、その後、部分的に冷間鍛造加工される。そして、旋削工程を経て熱処理され、研削工程、超仕上げ工程後、組立工程で完成する。ここで鍛造加工により、図示はしないが、両端面をはじめ、車体取付フランジ１４を構成する部分フランジ１４ａの両側面と、ナックルが外嵌されるナックルパイロット部１７と、シール１９、２０が装着されるシール嵌合面と、複列の外側転走面２ａ、２ａおよび内径面が熱間鍛造と、部分的な冷間鍛造によって所定の旋削取代を残した状態で鍛造加工されている。 Also, the outer member 2 is hot forged from a bar material as a material, and then partially cold forged, like the hub wheel 4. And it heat-processes through a turning process, and is completed by an assembly process after a grinding process and a super finishing process. Here, by forging, although not shown, both end surfaces, both side surfaces of the partial flange 14a constituting the vehicle body mounting flange 14, the knuckle pilot portion 17 on which the knuckle is fitted, and the seals 19 and 20 are attached. The seal fitting surface, the double-row outer rolling surfaces 2a, 2a, and the inner diameter surface are forged with a predetermined turning allowance left by hot forging and partial cold forging.
　特に、冷間鍛造加工では、部分フランジ１４ａが薄肉化され、この成形の際の押し出し残り部によって部分フランジ１４ａのアウター側の側面と外周面の隅部が所定の曲率半径からなる円弧状に形成されると共に、ハブ輪４の車輪取付フランジ６と同様、複数の部分フランジ１４ａ、１４ａの周方向の側面が先端部から根元部に向って漸次末広がりする滑らかな円弧状に形成される。これにより、冷間鍛造による加工硬化で、高負荷の部分の強度を高め、軽量化と高剛性化という相反する課題を解決して軸受の長寿命化を図ることができる。 In particular, in the cold forging process, the partial flange 14a is thinned, and the outer side surface of the partial flange 14a and the corners of the outer peripheral surface are formed in an arc shape having a predetermined radius of curvature by the remaining extruded portion at the time of molding. In addition, like the wheel mounting flange 6 of the hub wheel 4, the circumferential side surfaces of the plurality of partial flanges 14a, 14a are formed in a smooth arc shape that gradually spreads from the tip portion toward the root portion. Thereby, by work hardening by cold forging, the strength of the high load portion can be increased, the conflicting problems of weight reduction and rigidity can be solved, and the life of the bearing can be extended.
　以上、本発明の実施の形態について説明を行ったが、本発明はこうした実施の形態に何等限定されるものではなく、あくまで例示であって、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において、さらに種々なる形態で実施し得ることは勿論のことであり、本発明の範囲は、特許請求の範囲の記載によって示され、さらに特許請求の範囲に記載の均等の意味、および範囲内のすべての変更を含む。 The embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment, and is merely an example, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Of course, the scope of the present invention is indicated by the description of the scope of claims, and further, the equivalent meanings described in the scope of claims and all modifications within the scope of the scope of the present invention are included. Including.
　本発明は、車輪取付フランジを一体に有するハブ輪を備えた第１乃至第３世代構造の車輪用軸受装置に適用することができる。 The present invention can be applied to a wheel bearing device having a first to third generation structure provided with a hub wheel integrally having a wheel mounting flange.
１　内方部材
２　外方部材
２ａ　外側転走面
３　転動体
４、４’　ハブ輪
４ａ、５ａ　内側転走面
４ｂ　小径段部
４ｃ　加締部
５　内輪
６、６’　車輪取付フランジ
６ａ、６ａ’、１４ａ　部分フランジ
７　ハブボルト
８、１５　ボルト挿通孔
９、９’　車輪取付フランジのインナー側の基部
１０　ブレーキパイロット部
１１　ブレーキロータ
１２　ホイールパイロット部
１３　ホイールハブ
１４　車体取付フランジ
１６　切欠き部
１７　ナックルパイロット部
１８　保持器
１９、２０　シール
２１、２１’、２２、２２’　端面
２３、２３’、２４、２４’　車輪取付フランジの側面
２５、２５’　カウンタ部
２６、２６’　凹所
２７　貫通孔
２８　部分フランジの周方向の側面
２８ａ　部分フランジの根元部
２８ｂ　部分フランジの先端部
２９　ポンチ
３０　ダイス
５０　車輪用軸受装置
５１　内方部材
５２　外方部材
５２ａ　外側転走面
５２ｂ　車体取付フランジ
５３　ボール
５４、５９　軸部
５５　ハブ輪
５５ａ、５６ａ　内側転走面
５５ｂ　小径段部
５５ｃ　加締部
５６　内輪
５７　車輪取付フランジ
５７ａ　ハブボルト
５８、６０　位置決め用筒部
６１　保持器 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Inner member 2 Outer member 2a Outer rolling surface 3 Rolling body 4, 4 ' Hub wheel 4a, 5a Inner rolling surface 4b Small diameter step part 4c Clamping part 5 Inner ring 6, 6' Wheel mounting flange 6a, 6a ' , 14a Partial flange 7 Hub bolt 8, 15 Bolt insertion hole 9, 9 'Base 10 on the inner side of the wheel mounting flange Brake pilot portion 11 Brake rotor 12 Wheel pilot portion 13 Wheel hub 14 Car body mounting flange 16 Notch portion 17 Knuckle pilot portion 18 Cage 19, 20 Seal 21, 21 ′, 22, 22 ′ End surface 23, 23 ′, 24, 24 ′ Side surface 25 of wheel mounting flange, 25 ′ Counter portion 26, 26 ′ Recess 27 Through hole 28 Partial flange Circumferential side surface 28a Partial flange root 28b Partial flange tip 29 Punch 30 Die 50 Wheel bearing device 51 Inner member 2 Outer member 52a Outer rolling surface 52b Car body mounting flange 53 Ball 54, 59 Shaft 55 Hub wheel 55a, 56a Inner rolling surface 55b Small diameter step 55c Clamping portion 56 Inner ring 57 Wheel mounting flange 57a Hub bolts 58, 60 Positioning Cylinder part 61 cage

Claims (17)

  1. 　内周に複列の外側転走面が一体に形成された外方部材と、
    　一端部に車輪を取り付けるための車輪取付フランジと、この車輪取付フランジからアウター側に延びる円筒状のパイロット部を一体に有し、外周に軸方向に延びる小径段部が形成されたハブ輪、およびこのハブ輪の小径段部に嵌合された少なくとも一つの内輪からなり、外周に前記複列の外側転走面に対向する複列の内側転走面が形成された内方部材と、
    　この内方部材と外方部材間に保持器を介して転動自在に収容された複列の転動体とを備えた車輪用軸受装置において、
    　前記ハブ輪が、熱間鍛造と冷間鍛造によって形成されると共に、前記冷間鍛造が部分的に施されていることを特徴とする車輪用軸受装置。     An outer member in which a double row outer rolling surface is integrally formed on the inner periphery;
    A hub wheel having a wheel mounting flange for mounting a wheel at one end, and a cylindrical pilot portion extending outward from the wheel mounting flange and having a small-diameter step portion extending in the axial direction on the outer periphery; and An inner member formed of at least one inner ring fitted to the small-diameter step portion of the hub ring, and formed with a double-row inner rolling surface facing the double-row outer rolling surface on the outer periphery;
    In the wheel bearing device comprising a double row rolling element accommodated so as to be freely rollable between the inner member and the outer member via a cage,
    A wheel bearing device, wherein the hub wheel is formed by hot forging and cold forging, and the cold forging is partially applied.
  2. 　前記車輪取付フランジが円周方向複数に分割された複数の部分フランジで構成されている請求項１に記載の車輪用軸受装置。 The wheel bearing device according to claim 1, wherein the wheel mounting flange is composed of a plurality of partial flanges divided into a plurality of circumferential directions.
  3. 　前記パイロット部が、その円周方向の複数箇所に切欠きが設けられ、断続した突片状に形成され、このパイロット部が前記部分フランジ間に形成されている請求項２に記載の車輪用軸受装置。 3. The wheel bearing according to claim 2, wherein the pilot portion is provided with notches at a plurality of locations in a circumferential direction thereof, is formed in an intermittent protruding piece shape, and the pilot portion is formed between the partial flanges. apparatus.
  4. 　前記冷間鍛造が前記車輪取付フランジの根元部に施されている請求項１または２に記載の車輪用軸受装置。 The wheel bearing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cold forging is applied to a root portion of the wheel mounting flange.
  5. 　前記冷間鍛造が前記パイロット部に施されている請求項１または３に記載の車輪用軸受装置。 The wheel bearing device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the cold forging is applied to the pilot portion.
  6. 　前記ハブ輪のアウター側の端面からインナー側に向ってすり鉢状に延びる凹所が形成され、この凹所からインナー側の端面に開口する貫通孔が打ち抜き加工によって形成されると共に、前記凹所が前記冷間鍛造によって前記パイロット部の内径部からテーパ状に形成され、前記ハブ輪のアウター側の端部が前記車輪取付フランジの肉厚と略同一の均一な肉厚に形成されている請求項１に記載の車輪用軸受装置。 A recess extending in a mortar shape from the end surface on the outer side of the hub wheel toward the inner side is formed, and a through hole that opens from the recess to the end surface on the inner side is formed by punching, and the recess is The cold forging is formed in a tapered shape from an inner diameter portion of the pilot portion, and an outer end portion of the hub wheel is formed to have a uniform thickness substantially the same as a thickness of the wheel mounting flange. The wheel bearing device according to 1.
  7. 　前記外方部材が炭素０．４０～０．８０ｗｔ％を含む中高炭素鋼で形成され、外周に固定ボルトを介して車体に取り付けられるための車体取付フランジを一体に有し、前記冷間鍛造が前記車体取付フランジの根元部に施されている請求項１に記載の車輪用軸受装置。 The outer member is formed of medium and high carbon steel containing carbon of 0.40 to 0.80 wt%, and has a vehicle body mounting flange for mounting to the vehicle body via a fixing bolt on the outer periphery, The wheel bearing device according to claim 1, wherein the wheel bearing device is provided at a base portion of the vehicle body mounting flange.
  8. 　前記ハブ輪が炭素０．４０～０．８０ｗｔ％を含む中高炭素鋼で形成されている請求項１に記載の車輪用軸受装置。 The wheel bearing device according to claim 1, wherein the hub wheel is made of medium-high carbon steel containing carbon of 0.40 to 0.80 wt%.
  9. 　内周に複列の外側転走面が一体に形成された外方部材と、
    　一端部に車輪を取り付けるための車輪取付フランジと、この車輪取付フランジからアウター側に延びる円筒状のパイロット部を一体に有し、外周に軸方向に延びる小径段部が形成されたハブ輪、およびこのハブ輪の小径段部に嵌合された少なくとも一つの内輪からなり、外周に前記複列の外側転走面に対向する複列の内側転走面が形成された内方部材と、
    　この内方部材と外方部材間に保持器を介して転動自在に収容された複列の転動体とを備えた車輪用軸受装置の製造方法において、
    　前記ハブ輪が、熱間鍛造工程と、この熱間鍛造工程の後に部分的に施される冷間鍛造工程を備え、少なくとも前記車輪取付フランジの根元部が前記冷間鍛造によって薄肉化されていることを特徴とする車輪用軸受装置の製造方法。     An outer member in which a double row outer rolling surface is integrally formed on the inner periphery;
    A hub wheel having a wheel mounting flange for mounting a wheel at one end, and a cylindrical pilot portion extending outward from the wheel mounting flange and having a small-diameter step portion extending in the axial direction on the outer periphery; and An inner member formed of at least one inner ring fitted to the small-diameter step portion of the hub ring, and formed with a double-row inner rolling surface facing the double-row outer rolling surface on the outer periphery;
    In the manufacturing method of the wheel bearing device comprising the double row rolling elements accommodated so as to be freely rollable between the inner member and the outer member via a cage,
    The hub wheel includes a hot forging step and a cold forging step partially applied after the hot forging step, and at least a root portion of the wheel mounting flange is thinned by the cold forging. A method for manufacturing a wheel bearing device.
  10. 　前記車輪取付フランジが円周方向複数に分割された複数の部分フランジで構成され、この部分フランジの周方向の側面のうち前記熱間鍛造によって根元部が先端部よりもくびれた形状に形成されると共に、前記冷間鍛造によって前記先端部が金型で拘束された状態で、前記根元部が先端部から漸次末広がりする滑らかな円弧状に形成される請求項９に記載の車輪用軸受装置の製造方法。 The wheel mounting flange is composed of a plurality of partial flanges divided into a plurality of circumferential directions, and a root portion of the circumferential side surface of the partial flange is formed in a shape narrower than a tip portion by the hot forging. The wheel bearing device according to claim 9, wherein the root portion is formed in a smooth arc shape gradually spreading from the tip portion in a state where the tip portion is constrained by a die by the cold forging. Method.
  11. 　前記ハブ輪のアウター側の端面からインナー側に向ってすり鉢状に延びる凹所が熱間鍛造によって形成され、この凹所が前記パイロット部の内径面から凸の円弧状に形成されると共に、当該凹所が、冷間鍛造によってテーパ状に形成されて減肉化される請求項９または１０に記載の車輪用軸受装置の製造方法。 A recess extending in a mortar shape from the end surface on the outer side of the hub wheel toward the inner side is formed by hot forging, and this recess is formed in a convex arc shape from the inner diameter surface of the pilot portion, and The method for manufacturing a wheel bearing device according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the recess is formed into a tapered shape by cold forging to reduce the thickness.
  12. 　前記パイロット部が、その円周方向の複数箇所に切欠きが設けられ、断続した突片状に熱間鍛造によって形成され、このパイロット部が前記部分フランジ間に配置されると共に、当該パイロット部の根元部が冷間鍛造によって形成されている請求項９に記載の車輪用軸受装置の製造方法。 The pilot portion is provided with notches at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, and is formed by hot forging into an intermittent projecting piece, the pilot portion is disposed between the partial flanges, and the pilot portion The method for manufacturing a wheel bearing device according to claim 9, wherein the root portion is formed by cold forging.
  13. 　前記車輪取付フランジの根元部が、前記冷間鍛造によって少なくとも１０％薄肉化されている請求項９または１０に記載の車輪用軸受装置の製造方法。 The method for manufacturing a wheel bearing device according to claim 9 or 10, wherein a base portion of the wheel mounting flange is thinned by at least 10% by the cold forging.
  14. 　前記部分フランジの周方向の側面のうち前記熱間鍛造によって根元部が先端部よりもくびれた形状に形成されると共に、前記冷間鍛造によって前記先端部が金型で拘束された状態で、前記根元部が先端部から漸次末広がりする滑らかな円弧状に形成される請求項９に記載の車輪用軸受装置の製造方法。 Of the circumferential side surfaces of the partial flange, a base portion is formed in a shape narrower than a tip portion by the hot forging, and the tip portion is constrained by a mold by the cold forging, The method for manufacturing a wheel bearing device according to claim 9, wherein the root portion is formed in a smooth arc shape gradually spreading from the tip portion.
  15. 　前記ハブ輪が、前記熱間鍛造後の表面硬さに対し前記冷間鍛造後の硬度上昇が５％以上に設定されている請求項９に記載の車輪用軸受装置の製造方法。 The method for manufacturing a wheel bearing device according to claim 9, wherein the hub wheel has a hardness increase after the cold forging set to 5% or more with respect to the surface hardness after the hot forging.
  16. 　前記車輪取付フランジのハブボルト挿通孔が、前記熱間鍛造で打ち抜き加工され、その後、前記冷間鍛造で所定の内径寸法に形成されると共に、前記ハブボルト挿通孔の熱間鍛造後の内周面の表面硬さに対し、前記冷間鍛造後の硬度上昇が５％未満となるように設定されている請求項９に記載の車輪用軸受装置の製造方法。 The hub bolt insertion hole of the wheel mounting flange is punched by the hot forging, and then formed into a predetermined inner diameter by the cold forging, and the inner peripheral surface of the hub bolt insertion hole after the hot forging is formed. The manufacturing method of the wheel bearing apparatus of Claim 9 set so that the hardness increase after the said cold forging may be less than 5% with respect to surface hardness.
  17. 　前記冷間鍛造が油潤滑によって行われている請求項９乃至１６いずれかに記載の車輪用軸受装置の製造方法。 The method for manufacturing a wheel bearing device according to any one of claims 9 to 16, wherein the cold forging is performed by oil lubrication.
PCT/JP2011/072345 2010-09-30 2011-09-29 Drive wheel bearing unit and method for manufacturing same WO2012043706A1 (en)

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CN113302412A (en) * 2019-01-25 2021-08-24 Ntn株式会社 Bearing device for wheel

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