WO2012039526A1 - Procédé et dispositif de protection contre les surintensités - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de protection contre les surintensités Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012039526A1
WO2012039526A1 PCT/KR2010/007349 KR2010007349W WO2012039526A1 WO 2012039526 A1 WO2012039526 A1 WO 2012039526A1 KR 2010007349 W KR2010007349 W KR 2010007349W WO 2012039526 A1 WO2012039526 A1 WO 2012039526A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
failure
current
determining
reverse phase
voltage
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Application number
PCT/KR2010/007349
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
정원욱
이학주
권성철
채우규
Original Assignee
한국전력공사
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Filing date
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Application filed by 한국전력공사 filed Critical 한국전력공사
Publication of WO2012039526A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012039526A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/22—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
    • G01R29/16—Measuring asymmetry of polyphase networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/081—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current and depending on the direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an overcurrent protection method and apparatus thereof. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for protecting overcurrent generated in a distribution system to which distributed power supplies are linked.
  • the protection of the distribution system has basically adopted an overcurrent relay method which does not consider directionality.
  • the fault current supply source includes a distributed power supply in addition to the substation, and the distribution of the fault current is also distributed in both directions, which causes problems in the existing overcurrent protection system.
  • the most frequent accidents in distribution systems with distributed power sources are malfunctions of protective equipment in the power line with distributed power sources in addition to the accident line.
  • the transformer for the connection of distributed power supplies uses the Grounded Y-Delta wiring method corresponding to the effective grounding standard specified in KEPCO's distributed power system linkage standards. Therefore, if the linkage transformer is connected to the system regardless of power generation in case of ground fault, the primary ground of the transformer provides the passage of ground fault current.
  • the direction determination method determines the direction on the basis of two components consisting of a reference amount and an operating amount and the angle between these two components.
  • the directional determination method does not reflect the failure characteristics of the distributed power supply, and when applied to the distribution system to which the distributed power supply is linked, accurate direction determination may fail according to a failure condition.
  • the present invention has been proposed to solve the above problems, to provide a method and apparatus for protecting overcurrent generated in a distribution system in which distributed power supplies are linked.
  • the apparatus for protecting the overcurrent generated in the distribution system is connected to the distributed power supply is
  • a measuring unit measuring voltage and current for each phase;
  • a failure detector for detecting a failure based on a comparison result by comparing the current with a set current;
  • a direction determination unit for determining a type of failure and determining whether the failure direction is in the forward direction or the reverse direction by using the reverse phase direction determination element and the normal direction direction determination element for each of the determined failure types;
  • a breaker that protects the overcurrent by operating the breaker when the failure direction is the forward direction.
  • a method for protecting overcurrent generated in the distribution system is connected to the distributed power supply is
  • Measuring voltage and current for each phase in the distribution system by an overcurrent protection device Comparing the current with a set current to detect a failure based on a comparison result; Determining a failure type and determining a failure direction by using a reverse phase direction determination element and a normal direction direction determination element for each of the determined failure types; And protecting the overcurrent by operating the circuit breaker when the failure direction is the forward direction.
  • the overcurrent protection device and its method are added to the operation method of the conventional protection equipment and automatic switchgear, and by applying the direction determination method reflecting the failure characteristics of the distributed power supply, Even if distributed power is additionally connected to the system, the malfunction of the protective device can be prevented.
  • overcurrent protection device and the method are applied to an automatic switchgear, and further provides the operator with fault indicator (FI) information and fault direction information, so that the operator can determine the exact fault location.
  • FI fault indicator
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating a distribution of fault currents in a distribution system in which distributed power supplies are linked when an accident occurs on another line.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an overcurrent protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a direction determining unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a vector diagram for determining a reverse phase direction according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a vector diagram for determining a normal division direction according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an overcurrent protection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method of determining a failure direction according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a view showing the configuration and operation of the overcurrent protection method according to an embodiment of the present invention and the protection device to which the device is applied.
  • FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram illustrating a distribution of fault currents when a distribution automation automation switch is operated in a distribution system in which distributed power supplies are linked.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a method of generating a failure indicator to which a method of determining a failure direction is added according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating a distribution of fault currents in a distribution system in which distributed power supplies are linked when an accident occurs on another line.
  • the recloser (RC1) 10 operates unnecessarily in the first distribution line without a failure, and a power failure occurs in the section below the recloser (RC1) 10 of the first distribution line.
  • the recloser (RC1) 10 trips so that the system below the recloser (RC1) 10 experiences single operation and the distributed power supply is also dropped out of the system.
  • the recloser RC1 10 may be removed from the first distribution line. Unnecessary power failure can be prevented.
  • the recloser which can be called a potential protection device for protection coordination in a distribution system
  • a substation breaker which is a post-protection device. Therefore, the malfunction of the protection equipment in the power line connected with the distributed power supply due to other line accidents supplied by the substation transformer of the substation of the line to which the distributed power is connected cannot be solved only by correction of protection coordination. You need to give it a function.
  • an overcurrent protection device for selectively applying the direction discrimination method according to the type of failure in the distribution system to which the distributed power supply is connected will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an overcurrent protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the overcurrent protection device includes a measurement unit 100, a failure detection unit 200, a direction determination unit 300, and a blocking unit 400.
  • the measuring unit 100 measures the phase voltage and current.
  • the failure detection unit 200 detects a failure based on a comparison result by comparing the measured current with a previously set current (hereinafter, referred to as "set current").
  • set current corresponds to the minimum operating current of the protection device, but is not limited thereto.
  • the failure detection unit 200 detects a failure when the measured current is greater than or equal to the set current.
  • the direction determining unit 300 determines the type of failure by using the reverse phase current, and determines whether the failure direction is in the forward direction or the reverse direction by using a specific determination element for each type of the determined failure.
  • the failure type includes an unbalance failure such as a ground fault and an equilibrium failure such as a three-phase short circuit failure
  • the specific discrimination element includes an inverse normal direction determination element corresponding to an unbalanced failure and a normal direction determination element corresponding to an equilibrium failure.
  • the breaker 400 When the failure direction is in the forward direction, the breaker 400 sends a trip signal to the breaker and operates the breaker. In the reverse direction, the breaker 400 controls the measurement unit 100 to measure voltage and current again without operating the protection device. In addition, the blocker 400 forcibly trips the circuit breaker when the number of times determined by the direction determiner 300 as the reverse failure continuously occurs for a specific number of times or more.
  • the overcurrent protection device can be implemented in the control device of the protection device, that is, the terminal to prevent unnecessary malfunction of the protection device due to the reverse fault current contributed by the distributed power supply.
  • the overcurrent protection device can ensure safety even in a state where the reliability of operation of the protection device is not secured, such as when the protection device to be operated is not operated.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a direction determining unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the direction determiner 300 includes a fundamental wave calculator 310, a calculator 320, a failure type determiner 330, and a direction determiner 340.
  • the fundamental wave calculator 310 extracts the fundamental wave voltage and the fundamental wave current by removing harmonics of the measured voltage and current.
  • the calculation unit 320 calculates the normal voltage (3V 1 ), the normal voltage (3I 1 ), the reverse phase voltage (3V 2 ), and the reverse phase current (3I 2 ) using the extracted fundamental wave voltage and the fundamental wave current. do.
  • the normal voltage 3V 1 , the normal voltage 3I 1 , the reverse phase voltage 3V 2 , and the reverse phase current 3I 2 are represented by Equation 1.
  • the failure type determination unit 330 determines whether the failure type is an unbalanced or an equilibrium failure by using the reverse phase current 3I 2 .
  • the failure type determination unit 330 determines that an unbalance failure occurs when the reverse phase current 3I 2 is greater than or equal to a set value, and determines that the balance type failure is less than the set value.
  • the set value is a value corresponding to the reverse phase current when the unbalanced current occurs before failure in the distribution system, but is not limited thereto.
  • the direction determining unit 340 determines whether the failure direction is the forward direction or the reverse direction by using the reverse phase direction determining element when the type of the failure is determined to be an unbalanced failure and the normal direction direction determining element when the balance type is determined to be the balanced failure.
  • the negative sequence direction control element is negative sequence voltage (3V 2)
  • the negative sequence current (3I 2) and the maximum sensitivity phase comprises a respective (MTA 2)
  • normal minutes direction control element is a normal-minute voltage (3V 1) and Normal current 3I 1 and maximum sensitivity phase angle MTA 1 .
  • the direction determining unit 340 determines the direction as shown in FIG. 4 by using the reverse phase direction determining element. Specifically, the direction determination unit 340 determines that the direction discrimination reference angle T 2 generated by using the reverse phase direction determination element is in the forward direction when the direction angle reference angle T 2 is within a setting angle (eg, ⁇ 90 °), and the setting angle range. If it is outside, it is determined in the reverse direction. At this time, the direction discrimination reference angle T 2 is obtained as shown in Equation 2 by using an inverse phase direction determination element.
  • a setting angle eg, ⁇ 90 °
  • the direction determining unit 340 determines the direction as shown in FIG. 5 using the normal direction direction determining element. In detail, the direction determining unit 340 determines that the direction discrimination reference angle T 1 generated by using the normal part direction determining element is in the positive direction when it is within a setting angle (for example, ⁇ 90 °), and sets the range of the setting angle. If it is outside, it is determined in the reverse direction. At this time, the direction determination reference angle (T 1 ) is obtained as shown in Equation 3 by using the phase discrimination element.
  • a setting angle for example, ⁇ 90 °
  • the failure type determining unit 330 may determine whether the failure type is an unbalanced or an equilibrium failure by using the image current 3I 0 other than the reverse phase current 3I 2 .
  • the image split current 3I 0 is expressed as in Equation 4.
  • the image split current 3I 0 is not used in the direction determining unit 340, it is more efficient to calculate the type of fault by calculating the reverse phase current used as the reverse phase direction determining element.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an overcurrent protection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method of determining a failure direction according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the overcurrent protection device measures voltage and current for each phase (S100). Next, the overcurrent protection device compares the measured current and the set current corresponding to the minimum operating current of the protection device (S200). At this time, the overcurrent protection device detects a failure when the measured current is more than the set current.
  • the overcurrent protection device determines the failure type by using the reverse phase current, and determines whether the failure direction is the forward direction or the reverse direction by using a specific determination element corresponding to the determined failure type (S300).
  • the failure type includes an unbalance failure and an equilibrium failure
  • the specific determination element includes an inverse normal direction determination element corresponding to an unbalance failure and a normal direction direction determination element corresponding to an equilibrium failure.
  • the overcurrent protection device extracts the fundamental wave voltage and the fundamental wave current by removing harmonics of the measured voltage and current (S301).
  • the overcurrent protection device calculates the normal voltage (3V 1 ), the normal voltage (3I 1 ), the reverse phase voltage (3V 2 ) and the reverse phase current (3I 2 ) using the extracted fundamental wave voltage and the fundamental wave current ( S302).
  • the overcurrent protection device determines whether the reverse phase current 3I 2 is greater than or equal to the set value (S303). In this case, the overcurrent protection device determines that an unbalance failure occurs when the reverse phase current 3I 2 is greater than or equal to a set value, and determines that an equilibrium failure is less than the set value.
  • the overcurrent protection device When the reverse phase current 3I 2 is greater than or equal to the set value, the overcurrent protection device generates the direction discrimination reference angle T 2 using the reverse phase direction discrimination element corresponding to the unbalance failure (S304). The overcurrent protection device determines whether the generated direction determination reference angle T 2 is located within a set angle (eg, ⁇ 90 °) (S305). Next, the overcurrent protection device determines that the direction discrimination reference angle T 2 is within the set angle (for example, ⁇ 90 °) in the forward direction (S306), and in the reverse direction if it is outside the set angle range (S307).
  • a set angle eg, ⁇ 90 °
  • the overcurrent protection device When the reverse phase current 3I 2 is smaller than the set value, the overcurrent protection device generates the direction determination reference angle T 1 using the normal direction direction determining element corresponding to the balanced fault failure (S308). The overcurrent protection device determines whether the generated direction determination reference angle T 1 is located within a set angle (eg, ⁇ 90 °) (S309). Next, the overcurrent protection device determines that the direction discrimination reference angle T1 is within the set angle (for example, ⁇ 90 °) in the forward direction (S310), and if it is outside the set angle range, determines the reverse direction (S311).
  • a set angle eg, ⁇ 90 °
  • the overcurrent protection device operates the breaker when the failure direction is in the forward direction (S400).
  • the overcurrent protection device When the failure direction is in the reverse direction, the overcurrent protection device counts the number of times that the failure direction is determined as the reverse failure (S500). Next, the overcurrent protection device determines whether the number of times determined as a reverse failure continuously occurs for a specific number or more (S600).
  • the overcurrent protection device operates the breaker as in the case where the failure direction is the forward direction when the number of times determined to be the reverse failure continuously occurs for a predetermined number or more.
  • FIG. 8 is a view showing the configuration and operation of the overcurrent protection method according to an embodiment of the present invention and the protection device to which the device is applied.
  • an overcurrent protection method and apparatus may be implemented in a control device (terminal device) 820 of a circuit breaker (line recloser or substation CB) 810.
  • the control device 820 receives a voltage and a current from the instrument current transformer CT and the instrument transformer PT of the circuit breaker 810 to determine the direction of the failure.
  • the controller 820 does not send a trip signal to the breaker when the failure direction is determined to be reverse, and transmits a trip signal to the breaker only when it is determined to be in the forward direction so that the breaker operates.
  • the protection device when the overcurrent protection method and the device are installed in the dendritic distribution system to which the distributed power supply is connected, the protection device operates only in the self-protection section (load side based on the installation point of the protection device). In case of failure, unnecessary malfunction can be prevented.
  • the method for determining the fault direction of a protective device applied to a distribution system to which a distributed power source is connected is applied to an automatic switchgear for distribution automation operated in a distribution system to which a distributed power source is linked. I can tell you.
  • FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram illustrating a distribution of fault currents when a distribution automation automation switch is operated in a distribution system in which distributed power supplies are linked.
  • the automation equipment When a line fault occurs, the automation equipment detects a line fault and displays fault information (Fault Indication (FI)) on the human machine linkage system (HMI) of the distribution automation system to inform the operator of the fault. The operator then operates the switch remotely to recover from the fault.
  • FI fault Indication
  • HMI human machine linkage system
  • Automated equipment displays a fault indicator (FI) when both line no-voltage and fault currents are detected. That is, the automatic switch detects a fault current when a line break occurs and detects no voltage when there is a trip or re-closing operation of the line protection device and sends a failure indicator (FI) to the human machine linkage system of the distribution automation system. Will be displayed.
  • FI failure indicator
  • the automatic switchgear GA 910 detects a failure by a reverse failure current on the distributed power supply side, and the first recloser RC1 920 or When the first breaker (CB1) 930 operates, it detects no voltage and displays the failure indicator (FI) information on the distribution automation system.
  • the distribution automation operator in the dendritic distribution system without the distributed power supply determines the failure in the load stage of the automation switch in which the failure indicator (FI) is displayed based on the failure indicator (FI) information of the automation switch.
  • FI failure indicator
  • a failure occurs at the (CB1) 930 and the first recloser (RC1) 920 points, there is a high possibility that a failure occurs in the load stage below the automatic switchgear (GA) 910. In this case, failure to accurately determine the point of failure occurs a problem that is likely to prolong the failure recovery failure and power outage time.
  • the failure indicator (FI) generation method of the automatic switchgear in the distribution system connected with the distributed power source adds a method of determining the direction of the failure in the method of displaying the failure indicator (FI) by detecting the fault current and no voltage.
  • FI failure indicator
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a method of generating a failure indicator to which a method of determining a failure direction is added according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the automated switch measures voltage and current for each phase (S11).
  • the automatic switch detects a failure by comparing the measured current with a set current corresponding to the minimum operating current of the protection device (S12).
  • the automatic switch detects a failure when the measured current is greater than or equal to the set current.
  • the automatic switch detects no voltage (S13).
  • the automatic switch determines whether the failure direction is forward or reverse (S14). Specifically, the automatic switch determines the type of failure by using the reverse phase current, and determines whether the failure direction is in the forward direction or the reverse direction by using a specific determination element corresponding to the determined failure type.
  • the failure type includes an unbalance failure and an equilibrium failure
  • the specific determination element includes an inverse phase direction determination element corresponding to an unbalance failure and a normal direction direction determination element corresponding to an equilibrium failure.
  • the automatic switchgear When the failure direction is in the forward direction, the automatic switchgear provides the failure indicator (FI) information and the forward information to the human machine linkage device (HMI) of the distribution automation system (S15).
  • FI failure indicator
  • HMI human machine linkage device
  • the automatic switchgear When the failure direction is in the reverse direction, the automatic switchgear provides the failure indicator (FI) information and the reverse information to the human machine linkage device (HMI) of the distribution automation system (S16).
  • FI failure indicator
  • HMI human machine linkage device
  • a method of determining a failure direction may be applied.
  • a method of generating a failure indicator of the distribution automation switch may be implemented in the distribution automation switch control device (terminal device).

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Abstract

La présente invention a trait à un dispositif de protection contre les surintensités générées par un système de distribution de courant relié à un courant distribué, lequel dispositif comprend : une unité de mesure permettant de mesurer la tension et le courant de chaque phase ; une unité de détection de défaut permettant de comparer le courant à un courant défini et de détecter un défaut en fonction du résultat de la comparaison ; une unité de détermination de direction permettant de déterminer un type de défaut et de déterminer si une direction de défaut de chaque type de défaut déterminé est une direction vers l'avant ou vers l'arrière en utilisant un élément de détermination de direction d'une composante de séquence de phase négative et un élément de détermination de direction d'une composante de séquence de phase positive ; et une unité de coupure permettant d'assurer une protection contre les surintensités en actionnant un disjoncteur si la direction de défaut est une direction vers l'avant.
PCT/KR2010/007349 2010-09-20 2010-10-26 Procédé et dispositif de protection contre les surintensités WO2012039526A1 (fr)

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KR10-2010-0092464 2010-09-20
KR1020100092464A KR101069637B1 (ko) 2010-09-20 2010-09-20 과전류 보호 방법 및 그 장치

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KR102433163B1 (ko) * 2015-09-11 2022-08-18 한국전력공사 고장전류 방향판별 장치 및 그 방법
KR101997639B1 (ko) 2018-01-29 2019-07-08 피앤씨테크 주식회사 분산전원 연계 배전선로에서의 고장표시 관리 장치 및 그 방법
KR102103936B1 (ko) * 2018-09-11 2020-04-24 주식회사 포스코 계전 장치 및 이를 포함하는 계전 시스템

Citations (4)

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JP2005210766A (ja) * 2004-01-20 2005-08-04 Fuji Electric Systems Co Ltd 過電流保護システム
JP2005210767A (ja) * 2004-01-20 2005-08-04 Fuji Electric Systems Co Ltd 過電流保護システム
JP2005354881A (ja) * 2004-06-14 2005-12-22 Energy Support Corp 配電系統の保護装置及び配電系統の保護方法
KR100558071B1 (ko) * 2004-03-19 2006-03-07 명지대학교 산학협력단 분산 전원이 연계된 변전소 모선 보호용 과전류 계전 방법

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005210766A (ja) * 2004-01-20 2005-08-04 Fuji Electric Systems Co Ltd 過電流保護システム
JP2005210767A (ja) * 2004-01-20 2005-08-04 Fuji Electric Systems Co Ltd 過電流保護システム
KR100558071B1 (ko) * 2004-03-19 2006-03-07 명지대학교 산학협력단 분산 전원이 연계된 변전소 모선 보호용 과전류 계전 방법
JP2005354881A (ja) * 2004-06-14 2005-12-22 Energy Support Corp 配電系統の保護装置及び配電系統の保護方法

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