WO2012026380A1 - 磁気共鳴イメージング装置及びマルチエコーマルチコントラスト撮像法 - Google Patents
磁気共鳴イメージング装置及びマルチエコーマルチコントラスト撮像法 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/446—Multifrequency selective RF pulses, e.g. multinuclear acquisition mode
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/4818—MR characterised by data acquisition along a specific k-space trajectory or by the temporal order of k-space coverage, e.g. centric or segmented coverage of k-space
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
- G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
- G01R33/34—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/4818—MR characterised by data acquisition along a specific k-space trajectory or by the temporal order of k-space coverage, e.g. centric or segmented coverage of k-space
- G01R33/482—MR characterised by data acquisition along a specific k-space trajectory or by the temporal order of k-space coverage, e.g. centric or segmented coverage of k-space using a Cartesian trajectory
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/4818—MR characterised by data acquisition along a specific k-space trajectory or by the temporal order of k-space coverage, e.g. centric or segmented coverage of k-space
- G01R33/4824—MR characterised by data acquisition along a specific k-space trajectory or by the temporal order of k-space coverage, e.g. centric or segmented coverage of k-space using a non-Cartesian trajectory
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/54—Signal processing systems, e.g. using pulse sequences ; Generation or control of pulse sequences; Operator console
- G01R33/56—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution
- G01R33/561—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution by reduction of the scanning time, i.e. fast acquiring systems, e.g. using echo-planar pulse sequences
- G01R33/5615—Echo train techniques involving acquiring plural, differently encoded, echo signals after one RF excitation, e.g. using gradient refocusing in echo planar imaging [EPI], RF refocusing in rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement [RARE] or using both RF and gradient refocusing in gradient and spin echo imaging [GRASE]
- G01R33/5617—Echo train techniques involving acquiring plural, differently encoded, echo signals after one RF excitation, e.g. using gradient refocusing in echo planar imaging [EPI], RF refocusing in rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement [RARE] or using both RF and gradient refocusing in gradient and spin echo imaging [GRASE] using RF refocusing, e.g. RARE
Definitions
- the present invention measures nuclear magnetic resonance (hereinafter referred to as ⁇ NMR '') signals from hydrogen, phosphorus, etc. in a subject and images nuclear density distribution, relaxation time distribution, etc.
- ⁇ NMR '' nuclear magnetic resonance
- the present invention relates to multi-echo multi-contrast imaging technology.
- MRI equipment measures the NMR signals generated by the spins of the subject, especially the tissues of the human body, and visualizes the shape and function of the head, abdomen, limbs, etc. in two or three dimensions ( Device).
- the NMR signal is subjected to phase encoding that varies depending on the gradient magnetic field, is frequency-encoded, and is measured as time-series data.
- Measured NMR signals are temporarily placed in a measurement space called k-space, and reconstructed into an image by two-dimensional or three-dimensional Fourier transform.
- k-space a measurement space
- the quality of the reconstructed image deteriorates due to the characteristics of the reconstruction technique. Note that, in the k space, when the TE difference between adjacent echo signals is within a predetermined range, the echo arrangement is said to be continuous.
- imaging methods there are various imaging methods. For example, there is multi-echo imaging in which a plurality of NMR (echo) signals (echo trains) are collected during 1TR (repetition time) after applying one excitation pulse (90 degree pulse) and filling the k space. In multi-echo imaging, a plurality of regions in k-space can be filled with one excitation pulse. In such multi-echo imaging, various arrangements have been made in the echo arrangement so as to obtain an image with a desired contrast while maintaining the continuity of the echo arrangement (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1). ).
- multi-echo multi-contrast imaging uses a plurality of echo signals collected by multi-echo imaging to fill a plurality of k spaces and reconstruct a plurality of different contrast images.
- Such multi-echo multi-contrast imaging can be speeded up by sharing a part of the echo signal to be filled in each k space (echo sharing) (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
- Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1 focus on maintaining the continuity of the echo arrangement in one k space, and the continuity of the echo arrangement in a plurality of k spaces. Is not considered. Therefore, it is difficult to apply to multi-contrast imaging.
- a proton-weighted image (PDw) and a T2-weighted image (T2w) if the PDw echo arrangement is determined by the method of Patent Document 1 or Non-Patent Document 1, T2 Mitigation has progressed too much, and echo for T2w cannot be acquired. If the number of echoes used for PDw is reduced, echoes for T2w can also be acquired. However, in that case, since the number of echoes acquired in one TR is reduced, the imaging time is increased.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a technique for suppressing an increase in imaging time and improving image quality by multi-echo multi-contrast imaging.
- the present invention fills each echo signal with the order of arrangement of the echo signals constituting the echo train so as to maintain the continuity of the echo arrangement while sharing the echo signals between contrasts. Determine the space.
- the echo trains that perform echo sharing are placed in non-vibration centric (NOCO). Further, the same position of the other echo train is connected to the start point of the echo share of one echo train. If a partially discontinuous region remains, correction may be performed using continuous data in a symmetric region on the k space.
- NOCO non-vibration centric
- a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus that operates each unit according to a pulse sequence defined by imaging parameters and reconstructs images of different contrasts while sharing echo signals from a plurality of collected echo trains.
- the continuity of the echo time or signal intensity of the echo signals is maintained in each of the k spaces filling the echo signals that reconstruct each contrast image, and the k spaces of the respective echo signals constituting the plurality of echo trains are maintained.
- Sequence determination means for determining an echo arrangement order on the trajectory and a k-space to be filled, and determining a pulse sequence so that an echo signal is arranged on the trajectory of each k-space in the determined echo arrangement order.
- images of different contrasts are reconstructed while sharing echo signals from multiple echo trains that are collected by operating multiple pulse sequences that measure echo and rain that consist of multiple echo signals.
- a multi-echo multi-contrast imaging method in which a plurality of echo trains are used so that the continuity of the echo time or the signal intensity of the echo signal is maintained in each k-space filled with the echo signal reconstructing each contrast image.
- a sequence determining step for determining, and a multi-echo multi-contrast imaging Provide imaging methods.
- the echo arrangement order is an arrangement order on a k-space trajectory scanned by a plurality of echo trains.
- arrangement or trajectory in k space means an arrangement or trajectory that does not consider the readout direction (for example, in the phase-slice plane).
- Block diagram of the MRI apparatus of the first embodiment Explanatory diagram for explaining the pulse sequence of 2D-FSE sequence
- Explanatory diagram for explaining k-space trajectory by orthogonal FSE sequence
- Functional block diagram of the information processing system of the first embodiment Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the flow of the imaging process of 1st embodiment.
- sequence order of the echo train of 1st embodiment Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the echo signal used with the image of each contrast of 1st embodiment
- Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the acquisition order of each shot of each echo train of the example of FIG. 9 of 1st embodiment Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the acquisition order of each shot of each echo train of the example of FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of an example of the MRI apparatus 10 of the present embodiment.
- the MRI apparatus 10 of the present embodiment obtains a tomographic image of the subject 1 using the NMR phenomenon, and includes a static magnetic field generation system 2, a gradient magnetic field generation system 3, a sequencer 4, A transmission system 5, a reception system 6, and an information processing system 7.
- the static magnetic field generation system 2 generates a uniform static magnetic field in the body axis direction or in a direction perpendicular to the body axis in the space around the subject 1, and is a permanent magnet system arranged around the subject 1 or It is composed of a normal conduction type or superconducting type magnetic field generating means.
- a device that generates a static magnetic field in a space perpendicular to the body axis in the space around the subject 1 is called a vertical magnetic field method
- a device that generates a static magnetic field in the body axis direction is called a horizontal magnetic field method.
- the gradient magnetic field generation system 3 includes a gradient magnetic field coil 31 wound in three axial directions of X, Y, and Z, and a gradient magnetic field power source 32 that drives each gradient magnetic field coil.
- a gradient magnetic field pulse having components in three axis directions of X, Y, and Z is applied to the subject 1.
- a slice direction gradient magnetic field pulse (Gs) is applied in one of X, Y, and Z to set the slice plane for the subject 1, and the phase encode direction gradient magnetic field pulse (Gp) in the remaining two directions
- Gf frequency encoding direction gradient magnetic field pulse
- the transmission system 5 applies a high-frequency magnetic field (RF) pulse to cause nuclear magnetic resonance to the nuclear spins of the atoms constituting the biological tissue of the subject 1, and includes a high-frequency oscillator (synthesizer) 52, a modulator 53, A high frequency amplifier 54 and a high frequency coil (transmission coil) 51 on the transmission side are provided.
- the high-frequency pulse output from the high-frequency oscillator 52 is amplitude-modulated by the modulator 53 at a timing according to a command from the sequencer 4, amplified by the high-frequency amplifier 54, and then transmitted to the transmission coil 51 disposed close to the subject 1. Supplied and applied to the subject 1 as an RF pulse.
- the receiving system 6 detects an NMR signal (echo signal) emitted by nuclear magnetic resonance of nuclear spins constituting the biological tissue of the subject 1, and includes a receiving-side high-frequency coil (receiving coil) 61, an amplifier 62, A quadrature detector 63 and an A / D converter 64 are provided.
- the echo signal of the response of the subject 1 induced by the RF pulse applied from the transmission coil 51 is detected by the reception coil 61 arranged close to the subject 1, amplified by the amplifier 62, and then the sequencer 4 Are divided into two orthogonal signals by the quadrature phase detector 63 at the timing according to the command from each of the signals, converted into digital quantities by the A / D converter 64, and sent to the information processing system 7 as received signals.
- the sequencer 4 is a control means that repeatedly applies an RF pulse and a gradient magnetic field pulse in accordance with a predetermined imaging sequence, operates under the control of the information processing system 7, and provides various commands necessary for collecting tomographic image data of the subject 1.
- the data is sent to the transmission system 5, the gradient magnetic field generation system 3, and the reception system 6.
- the imaging sequence is created in advance according to the purpose of measurement, and stored as a program and data in a storage device 72 described later in the information processing system 7 or the like.
- the information processing system 7 performs control of the entire operation of the MRI apparatus 10, signal processing, image reconstruction processing, and the like.
- the CPU 71 a storage device 72 such as a ROM and a RAM, and an external storage device 73 such as an optical disk and a magnetic disk ,
- a display device 74 such as a display
- an input device 75 such as a mouse, trackball, and keyboard.
- the CPU 71 executes signal processing and image reconstruction processing, displays a tomographic image of the subject 1 obtained as a result on the display device 74, and stores the storage device 72 or an external device. Record in storage device 73.
- the information processing system 7 gives a command to the sequencer 4 in accordance with an imaging sequence composed of a pulse sequence stored in advance in the storage device 72 and the imaging parameters set by the user.
- the transmission coil 51, the reception coil 61, and the gradient magnetic field coil 9 are located in the static magnetic field space of the static magnetic field generation system 2 into which the subject 1 is inserted. Oppositely, if the horizontal magnetic field method is used, it is installed so as to surround the subject 1.
- the receiving coil 61 is installed so as to face or surround the subject 1.
- the transmission coil 51 and the reception coil 61 are provided separately is illustrated here, it is not limited to this.
- one high frequency coil may be configured to share both functions.
- the MRI apparatus 10 having the above configuration visualizes the form or function of the human head, abdomen, extremities, etc. by imaging the spatial distribution of the density of the spin target to be imaged and the spatial distribution of the relaxation phenomenon of the excited state.
- the imaging target spin species that is currently widely used in clinical practice is proton, which is the main constituent of the subject.
- a plurality of images having different echo times (TE) are acquired by multi-echo imaging.
- the information processing system 7 of the present embodiment uses the pulse sequence stored in the storage device 72 in advance to realize multi-echo imaging, and the imaging parameters input from the user via the input device 75, and performs imaging of the present embodiment. Generate a sequence.
- the arrangement order of the echo signal group constituting the echo train on each k-space trajectory is determined.
- the gradient magnetic field application amount that defines the arrangement of the echo signals in the k space is determined so as to arrange the echo signals in the determined arrangement order, and the imaging sequence is obtained.
- FIG. 2 is an example 2D-FSE sequence 200.
- RF, Gs, Gp, Gf, AD, and Echo represent axes of RF pulse, slice gradient magnetic field, phase encode gradient magnetic field, frequency encode gradient magnetic field, AD conversion, and echo signal, respectively.
- RF, Gs, Gp, Gf, AD, and Echo represent axes of RF pulse, slice gradient magnetic field, phase encode gradient magnetic field, frequency encode gradient magnetic field, AD conversion, and echo signal, respectively.
- RF, Gs, Gp, Gf, AD, and Echo represent axes of RF pulse, slice gradient magnetic field, phase encode gradient magnetic field, frequency encode gradient magnetic field, AD conversion, and echo signal, respectively.
- an echo signal group acquired during 1TR (repetition time) after applying one excitation RF pulse is called an echo train.
- the number of echo signals constituting the echo train is referred to as the echo train number (ETL).
- the number of echo trains is six.
- a slice selection gradient magnetic field pulse 202 is applied together with an excitation RF pulse 201 that applies a high-frequency magnetic field to spins in the imaging plane.
- an excitation RF pulse 201 that applies a high-frequency magnetic field to spins in the imaging plane.
- a slice rephase pulse 203 for returning the phase of the spin diffused by the slice selective gradient magnetic field pulse 202, and a frequency phase for dispersing the spin phase in advance to generate an echo signal.
- a phase gradient magnetic field pulse 204 is applied.
- an inversion RF pulse 205 for inverting the spin in the slice plane is repeatedly applied.
- a slice selection gradient magnetic field pulse 206 for selecting a slice, a phase encoding gradient magnetic field pulse 207, and a frequency encoding gradient magnetic field pulse 208 are applied, and at the timing of the sampling window 209, the echo signal 210 is applied.
- the inverted RF pulse 205 is applied six times.
- Each echo signal constituting the echo signal group 210 is normally collected as a time-series signal composed of any one of 128, 256, 512, or 1024 sampling data at the timing of each sampling window 209.
- the time interval from the application of one excitation RF pulse 201 to the application of the next excitation RF pulse 201 is referred to as TR211.
- the process from the application of the excitation RF pulse within one TR to the collection of all echo signal groups is called unit measurement (shot).
- shots are repeated while changing the application amount of the phase encoding gradient magnetic field pulses 207 for each TR 211, and all echo signals 210 necessary for the image are collected for each time interval 212.
- values such as 64, 128, 256, and 512 are usually selected for one image.
- an echo number indicating the number of the echo signal acquired in the same TR211.
- An echo signal with an echo number N is referred to as an Nth echo signal.
- the echo trains are classified according to the order in which echo signals constituting the echo train are arranged in each placement group on the k-space trajectory (echo placement order).
- the arrangement group on the locus of the k space is an area having a predetermined width in the locus direction of the k space where each echo signal is arranged for each echo train.
- echo trains having the same echo arrangement order are referred to as the same type of echo train.
- echo trains with different echo placement orders are said to have different echo train types.
- determining the order of echo arrangement means determining how to change the gradient magnetic field application amount in one shot in the pulse sequence.
- FIG. 3 shows a locus on the yz plane (phase-slice plane) of the k space in such a scan (raster scan).
- pulse sequences used for multi-echo imaging include the EPI method in addition to the FSE method described above.
- the present embodiment is not limited to these, and can be applied to all imaging methods that realize multi-echo imaging.
- a plurality of contrast images having different TEs are acquired.
- the low spatial frequency region of the k space in which each image is reconstructed with the echo train in the optimal echo arrangement order is filled for each contrast of the acquired image.
- the continuity of TE of each echo signal in each k space is ensured while sharing the echo signal. This ensures continuity of signal properties such as echo time or signal strength of the echo signal.
- an image having a contrast with an echo time of TE is referred to as a TE image.
- An echo train in the order of echo arrangement that fills the low spatial frequency region of the k space for reconstructing the image is referred to as an TE image echo train.
- FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of the information processing system 7 of the present embodiment.
- the information processing system 7 of the present embodiment generates an imaging sequence that realizes such imaging, and executes imaging, so that an imaging condition setting unit 310, a sequence determination unit 320, and an imaging Unit 330 and an image reconstruction unit 340.
- the imaging condition setting unit 310 receives imaging parameters input from the user via the input device.
- the imaging parameters include the number of echo signals constituting each echo train, the echo time for obtaining the contrast of the image to be acquired, and the like.
- the sequence determination unit 320 determines an imaging sequence based on the imaging parameters received by the imaging condition setting unit 310.
- the sequence determination unit 320 of the present embodiment is configured so that each k space used for reconstruction of a plurality of different contrast images is filled while maintaining the continuity of TE between echo signals while performing echo sharing.
- the echo layout order of echo trains and the k-space filling each echo signal constituting each echo train are determined.
- the sequence determination unit 320 includes an echo arrangement determination unit 321 and a filling space determination unit 323 in order to realize the above function.
- the echo arrangement determining unit 321 includes an echo connection point determining unit 322, and enables continuous echo arrangement.
- the echo connection point is specified by the echo number of the echo signal constituting each echo train.
- a direction in which the echo numbers are in ascending order is referred to as an arrangement direction.
- the echo arrangement determining unit 321 determines how the echo signals constituting the echo train are arranged on one locus in the k space as the echo arrangement order. Note that the sequence determination unit 320 determines how to apply (change) the gradient magnetic field application amount at the time of collecting the echo train according to this echo arrangement order.
- the order of echo arrangement is determined from the echo train that fills the low spatial frequency region of k-space for the contrast image with the shortest TE. This echo train is called a reference echo train, and an echo train other than the reference train is called another echo train.
- the other echo trains are non-vibrating centric with respect to the reference echo train, and the echo signal having the same number as the echo signal of the reference echo train is the same or adjacent placement group on the k-space trajectory. It arranges continuously until it becomes.
- the non-vibrating centric arrangement with respect to the reference echo train is an arrangement group adjacent to the arrangement group in which the first echo signal of the reference echo train is arranged in the direction opposite to the arrangement direction of the reference echo train. Therefore, it means arranging sequentially in the opposite direction to the arrangement direction.
- the echo connection point determination unit 322 has the same placement group or the same echo group in the echo placement order determined by the echo placement determination unit 321 on the locus of the same echo and the k-space trajectory. Echo signals arranged in adjacent arrangement groups are determined as echo connection points.
- TE may be determined by specifying parameters (echo shift and IET). In the following example, a case in which TE is specified will be described. However, when parameters other than TE are specified, the TE can be determined from these parameters to return to the following example.
- contrast equivalent TE in the case of FA modulation. This TE is not the echo time when k traj 0.
- information for determining the echo arrangement is available. As long as the TE in this application can be determined, it can be reduced to the following example.
- the echo arrangement order of the echo train (reference echo train) for the image is determined so as to obtain a contrast image with the shortest TE.
- the other echo signals are sequentially arranged on the k-space trajectory.
- the other echo trains are basically arranged non-vibrating centric with respect to the reference echo train.
- the filling space determination unit 323 determines k spaces to be filled with respect to the echo signals constituting each echo train for which the echo arrangement determination unit 321 has determined the echo arrangement order. That is, it is determined which contrast image is used for reconstruction.
- echo signals of a plurality of echo trains are connected at the echo connection point determined by the echo connection point determination unit 322, echo sharing is performed, and the k space is filled.
- the echo signal group is Decide to fill the k-space for images.
- the presence / absence of a continuous echo signal group is determined by the presence / absence of an echo connection point. Specific examples will be described later.
- the imaging unit 330 executes the sequence according to the imaging sequence determined by the sequence determination unit 320. Then, the obtained echo signal is filled into the k space prepared in advance for each desired contrast and determined by the filling space determination unit 323.
- the image reconstruction unit 340 reconstructs an image from the filled echo signals in each k space.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the flow of imaging processing according to the present embodiment.
- the imaging process starts when the user inputs imaging conditions or when the user inputs imaging conditions and gives an instruction to start imaging.
- the imaging condition setting unit 330 receives an imaging condition input by the user via the input device 75 (step S501).
- the imaging conditions include an echo time (TE) for specifying the contrast of the acquired image and the number of echo trains (ETL) of each echo train to be acquired.
- TE echo time
- ETL echo trains
- the echo placement determining unit 321 determines the echo placement order of each echo train using the received imaging conditions (step S502).
- the echo connection point determination unit 322 determines an echo connection point for each other echo train and stores it in association with the echo train (step S503).
- the filling space determination unit 323 determines the filling k space of each echo signal based on the determined echo arrangement order and the echo connection point (step S504).
- the sequence determining unit 320 determines an imaging sequence so as to realize the determined echo arrangement order (step S505).
- how to apply the gradient magnetic field application amount at the time of acquisition of each echo train is determined.
- the imaging unit 330 causes the sequencer 4 to operate each unit to perform imaging (sequence execution), and fills each acquired echo signal into the k space determined in step S504 (step S506).
- the image reconstruction unit 340 reconstructs an image from each k-space data (step S507).
- a procedure for determining the echo arrangement order and the filling k space by the echo arrangement determining unit 321 and the echo connection point determining unit 322 will be described with a specific example.
- the two types of echo trains are referred to as echo train A and echo train B, and the number of echo trains is 9 respectively.
- the echo times TE of two different contrasts are assumed to be TE1 and TE2 (TE1 ⁇ TE2), respectively.
- TE1 is the timing for acquiring the first echo signal
- TE2 is the timing for acquiring the sixth echo signal.
- the echo train A is for the TE1 image
- the echo train B is for the TE2 image.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the echo arrangement order of each echo train in this case.
- the k traj axis in this figure indicates the locus of k space.
- the trajectories are parallel to the ky axis in FIG. 3 (the same applies to the respective drawings hereinafter).
- the black circles are the echo signals, and the assigned numbers are the echo numbers.
- the echo arrangement determining unit 321 first determines the echo arrangement order of the echo train A.
- the arrangement returns to the opposite end arrangement group, and the seventh echo signal is arranged in the same direction in the same order (412).
- the echo arrangement determining unit 321 determines the echo arrangement order of the echo train B that is another echo train.
- the 9th echo signals are sequentially arranged in descending order of echo numbers on the k-space trajectory so as to be arranged in groups (421). At this time, each echo signal of echo train B is placed until the echo number of the same placement group or adjacent placement group on the k-space trajectory matches the echo number of echo train A. In FIG. 6, up to the fourth echo signal is arranged.
- the echo connection point determination unit 322 determines this fourth echo signal as an echo connection point with the echo train B, and stores it in association with the echo train B. Further, since the ninth echo signal of echo train B is continuous with the ninth echo signal of echo train A, it is determined as a connection point and stored in association with echo train B.
- the echo placement determining unit 321 converts the echo signals before the echo connection point, that is, the first to third echo signals into the placement group in which the first echo signal of the echo train A is placed, Are arranged while being incremented in the reverse direction on the k-space trajectory from the arrangement group adjacent in the opposite direction (422).
- the echo train A and the echo train B are arranged in a non-vibrating centric state, so the first echo signal of the echo train A is the first echo signal of the echo train B. It is continuous. Accordingly, the first echo signal of echo train A is also determined as the echo connection point and stored in association with echo train A.
- the filling space determining unit 323 determines which contrast image k space is filled with each echo signal.
- the filling space determination unit 323 determines which echo signal is used for which image. Then, the filling k space of each echo signal is determined. This determination method will be described with reference to FIG.
- the echo signal group (411) from the head of echo train A to the sixth is used.
- This is the echo signal group of echo train A is the echo signal group of echo train for TE1 image
- the series of echo signals are arranged in the arrangement group including the group.
- a series of echo signal groups (422) starting from the first echo signal of the echo train B that is continuous thereto is also used for the TE1 image.
- the filling k space of the echo signal group (411) from the head of echo train A to the sixth echo signal group (411) and a series of echo signal groups (422) starting from the first echo signal of echo train B was prepared for the TE1 image. Determine k-space. The same shall apply hereinafter.
- an echo signal group (421) from the echo connection point of echo train B to the end is used.
- the 4th echo train and the 9th echo train are stored as the connection point of echo train B, the echo signals from the 4th to the 6th (end) of echo train A that are continuous to them are stored.
- the 7th (end) to 9th echo signal group (412) of the group and echo train A is also used for the TE2 image. Note that the fourth to sixth echo signal groups of echo train A are shared by the TE1 image and the TE2 image.
- the k space for the TE1 image is not filled with echo signals for the left three echoes. Such regions are filled by zero fill or estimation. Moreover, it is not necessary to use all acquired echo signals for image reconstruction.
- the k space is filled with three types of echo trains and three types of images with different contrasts are acquired.
- the three types of echo trains are designated as echo train A, echo train B, and echo train C, and the number of echo trains is 11, 9, and 11, respectively.
- the three different contrast echo times TE to be acquired are TE1, TE2, and TE3 (TE1 ⁇ TE2 ⁇ TE3), respectively.
- TE1 is the timing for acquiring the first echo signal
- TE2 is the timing for acquiring the sixth echo signal
- TE3 is the timing for acquiring the tenth echo signal.
- the echo train A is for the TE1 image
- the echo train B is for the TE2 image
- the echo train C is for the TE3 image.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining an echo arrangement order determination method and a filling k-space determination method in this case.
- the echo train A becomes the reference echo train.
- the echo train B and the echo train C become other echo trains.
- the echo arrangement determining unit 321 first determines the echo arrangement order of the echo train A and the echo train B in the same procedure as in the above two cases. However, echo train A is arranged up to the eleventh echo signal. At this time, the echo connection point determination unit 322 similarly determines and stores the echo connection point.
- the echo arrangement determining unit 321 determines the echo arrangement order of the echo train C.
- the echo placement order of echo train C is the same as echo train B.
- each echo signal of the echo train C is placed until it matches the echo number of the echo signal of the echo train A in the same placement group on the k-space trajectory or an adjacent placement group.
- up to the sixth echo signal is arranged.
- the echo connection point determination unit 322 determines the sixth echo signal as the echo connection point of the echo train C, and stores it in association with the echo train C.
- the eleventh echo signal of echo train C is also connected to the eleventh echo signal of echo train A, it is determined as an echo connection point and stored in association with echo train C.
- the echo placement determination unit 321 sends the echo signal before the echo connection point of the echo train C, that is, the first to fifth echo signals, and the k-space locus in the placement group in which the first echo signal of the echo train A is placed. Arrangement is performed while incrementing in the reverse direction on the k-space trajectory from the arrangement group adjacent in the reverse direction.
- the filling space determination unit 323 determines which image is used for each echo signal, and determines the k space to be filled. This method will be described with reference to FIG.
- the TE1 and TE2 images are the same as when using the above two types of echo trains.
- the fourth and fifth echo signals of echo train C may be further used for the TE1 image.
- the first to third echo signals of echo train B instead of the first to third echo signals of echo train B, the first to third echo signals of echo train C may be used.
- both signals may be averaged to earn SNR.
- the echo signal group from the echo connection point of echo train C to the end is used.
- the sixth echo signal and the eleventh echo signal are stored as the echo connection point of echo train C, the echo signal and echo train of the sixth (end) echo train A that is continuous with these are stored.
- the seventh to eleventh echo signal groups of A are also used for the TE3 image.
- the sixth echo signal of echo train A is shared between the TE1 image and the TE3 image.
- the seventh to ninth echo signals of echo train A are shared by the TE2 image and the TE3 image.
- the echo train number (ETL) of echo train B is set to 9 but may be 11.
- the echo placement determining unit 321 places the 10th and 11th echo signals of the echo train B in the same manner as the echo train A. Arranging in the same manner means that the tenth and eleventh echo signals of echo train A are arranged in the same arrangement group.
- the filling space determination unit 323 fills the 10th and 11th echo signals of the echo train B in the same manner as the echo train A. That is, it is used for TE3 images.
- only one echo signal arranged in the same arrangement group may be used, or an average SNR may be obtained.
- the imaging unit 330 executes the imaging sequence for each echo train determined by the sequence determination unit 320 and acquires an image. There is no restriction on the order of obtaining these echo trains. In general, the k space is filled by executing multiple shots of each echo train. The execution order of each shot is also arbitrary.
- FIG. 9 shows, as an example, three types of echo trains (equat train A, echo train B, and echo train C, which are expressed as A, B, and C, respectively), TE1, TE2, and TE3.
- each k space is filled with three shots of echo train.
- the solid line shows the first shot of each echo train
- the broken line shows the second shot
- the dotted line shows the third shot.
- Each arrangement group in each k space is composed of three lines.
- the arrows indicate the order of echo arrangement in ascending order of echo numbers of each echo train.
- FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 are diagrams for explaining an example of the acquisition order of each shot of each echo train at this time.
- the next echo train may be obtained.
- one shot of the next echo train may be acquired every time one shot is acquired.
- the acquisition order is not limited to these.
- echo signals constituting each echo train are filled in the k space for each contrast image as described above. Therefore, the echo of the same echo number of the echo train sharing the echo signal is connected to the start point of the echo share. For this reason, even when echoes are shared between echo trains, the continuity of the echo time or signal intensity of the echo signal is ensured in each k space. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the image quality from being deteriorated due to the discontinuity of the echo arrangement at the time of echo sharing. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to reduce the imaging time per contrast image without deterioration in image quality. Alternatively, the number of echo trains can be reduced and the image quality can be improved without increasing the imaging time per contrast.
- this embodiment is optimal for multi-echo multi-contrast imaging when the echo train is long, such as three-dimensional imaging.
- the effect of echo sharing is reduced unless the number of shared echo signals is increased in accordance with the length of the echo train.
- the echo time (signal intensity) of the echo signals arranged in the k space becomes discontinuous and the image quality deteriorates.
- the present embodiment since a plurality of echo signals are shared between contrasts while maintaining the continuity of the echo arrangement, deterioration in image quality can be avoided while suppressing an increase in the total number of echo trains.
- the pulse sequence is FSE and the k-space locus is a raster scan is described as an example, but the k-space locus is not limited to this.
- the k-space trajectory may be a radial scan shown in FIG. 12 or a spiral scan shown in FIG.
- the k traj axis is kr in FIG. 12 and each spiral line in FIG.
- k traj can be defined as a trajectory.
- the non-vibration-centric arrangement means that the arrangement group on the k-space where the starting point (first echo signal) is arranged is adjacent, and the start of the other echo train A point is an arrangement that is sequentially arranged in the opposite direction about the k traj axis.
- the number of echo trains used for filling is not limited thereto.
- the number of echo trains may be smaller than the number of contrasts.
- the case where three types of images are acquired and each k space is filled with two types of echo trains will be described as an example.
- the two types of echo trains are designated as echo train A and echo train B, and the number of echo trains is set to 12.
- the echo times TE of three different contrasts are respectively TE1, TE2, and TE3 (TE1 ⁇ TE2 ⁇ TE3).
- TE1 is a timing for acquiring the first echo signal
- TE2 is a timing for acquiring the sixth echo signal
- TE3 is a timing for acquiring the eleventh echo signal.
- the echo train A is for the TE1 image
- the echo train B is for the TE2 image and the TE3 image.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining the echo arrangement order and echo connection points in this case.
- the echo arrangement determining unit 321 first determines the echo arrangement order of the echo train A.
- the echo arrangement order of echo train A is as described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 8 above.
- the echo number 12 is arranged.
- the echo connection point determination method by the echo connection point determination unit 322 is also the same as in the above embodiment.
- the echo arrangement determining unit 321 determines the echo arrangement order of the echo train B that is another echo train.
- the echo connection point determination unit 322 determines this fourth echo signal as an echo connection point with the echo train B, and stores it in association with the echo train B. Further, since the ninth echo signal of echo train B is continuous with the ninth echo signal of echo train A, it is determined as a connection point and stored in association with echo train B. Since the 12th echo signal of the echo train A is also continuous with the 12th echo signal, it is determined as a connection point and stored in association with the echo train B.
- the filling space determination unit 323 determines which image is used for each echo signal and determines the k space to be filled. This method will be described with reference to FIG.
- the TE1 image and the TE2 image are the same as when the two types of echo train described in FIG. 7 are used.
- the echo signals from the fourth to sixth echo train A are shared between the TE1 image and the TE2 image.
- the seventh to ninth echo signals of echo train A are shared by the TE2 image and the TE3 image.
- TE3 is larger than the second echo connection point.
- Second Embodiment a second embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described.
- the first embodiment only echo signals having continuous echo times are used to fill the k space.
- non-continuous echo signals are also used for filling the k space.
- the sequence determination unit 320A of the present embodiment includes a discontinuous point notification unit 324 in addition to the configuration of the sequence determination unit 320 of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG.
- the image reconstruction unit 340 further includes a discontinuous point correction unit 341.
- the configuration of the filling space determination unit 323A that determines the k space for filling each echo signal is also different.
- the filling space determination unit 323A of the present embodiment configures each echo train as in the first embodiment when the echo placement determination unit 321 determines the echo placement order of each echo train in the same procedure as in the first embodiment. K-space filling each echo signal group to be determined is determined.
- the echo signal when a predetermined condition is satisfied, the echo signal is connected between the echo trains even if the signal strength of the echo signal is discontinuous on the k-space locus, that is, other than the echo connection point.
- the echo signal is used to fill the k space.
- a condition for connecting and using an echo signal at an echo connection point where the intensity of the echo signal is discontinuous is that a continuous echo signal is arranged in an origin-symmetric region.
- the discontinuous point notifying unit 323 determines a connection location other than the echo connection point in the k-space arrangement determined by the filling space determination unit 323A, that is, a location where the signal strength of the echo signal is discontinuous, and performs image reconstruction. Notify the discontinuity correction unit 341 of the component. Discrimination is performed by echo number. In addition, the echo number to notify may be only a discontinuous point, and may be all the echo numbers from a discontinuous point to the next connection point or edge part.
- the discontinuous point correction unit 341 corrects the echo signal from the discontinuous point that has been notified to the next connection point or end, and updates the k space with the corrected echo signal.
- the correction is performed after each echo signal is converted by the A / D converter 64.
- the correction is performed so that the discontinuity is eliminated by using a signal value symmetrical to the origin.
- the signal intensity ratio is corrected after the phase correction.
- the phase correction is calculated by a general method such as subtracting the phase of the echo signal in the low spatial frequency region of the echo train B from the phase of the echo signal in the low spatial frequency region of the echo train A, for example.
- S1 be the echo signal (complex number) to be corrected
- R1 be the signal intensity ratio of the echo signal to the reference echo signal
- S2 be the echo signal (complex number) in the region symmetrical to the origin with respect to the correction target echo signal
- R2 be the signal intensity ratio of the echo signal to the reference echo signal.
- the reference echo signal can be, for example, an echo signal adjacent to a discontinuous point for R1 that does not need to be corrected, and an echo signal that is symmetrical to the origin for R2.
- R1 and R2 may be calculated using values after function fitting, moving average processing, or the like instead of directly using the values of these echo signals as reference echo signals.
- the corrected echo signal (complex number) S1 ' is obtained by the following equation (1).
- the image reconstruction unit 340 reconstructs an image from the updated k-space data.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining the flow of the imaging process of the present embodiment.
- the imaging process is started when the user inputs the imaging condition or when the user inputs the imaging condition and instructs the imaging process.
- the imaging condition setting unit 330 receives an imaging condition input by the user via the input device 75 (step S701).
- the imaging conditions include an echo time (TE) for specifying the contrast of the acquired image and the number of echo trains (ETL) of each echo train to be acquired.
- TE echo time
- ETL echo trains
- the echo placement determining unit 321 determines the echo placement order of each echo train using the received imaging conditions (step S702).
- the echo connection point determination unit 322 determines an echo connection point for each other echo train and stores it in association with the echo train (step S703).
- the filling space determination unit 323A determines the filling k space of each echo signal based on the determined echo arrangement order and the echo connection point (step S704). Then, the discontinuous point notifying unit 324 determines whether or not there is a connected portion other than the echo connecting point in the result determined by the filling space determining unit 323A, and if so, notifies the discontinuous point correcting unit 341 ( Step S705). This processing may be performed at any timing after step S704 and before correction processing by the discontinuous point correction unit 341 described later.
- the sequence determination unit 320A determines an imaging sequence so as to realize the determined echo arrangement order (step S706). Then, the imaging unit 330 causes the sequencer 4 to operate each unit according to the determined imaging sequence, performs imaging, fills each acquired echo signal into the determined k space, and performs A / D conversion (step S707, S708).
- the discontinuous point correction unit 341 corrects the filling result after A / D conversion (step S709), and the image reconstruction unit 340 reconstructs an image from each k-space data after correction (step S710).
- FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining the arrangement order of each echo train and the filling k space of the present embodiment.
- the method of determining the echo arrangement order by the echo arrangement determining unit 321 of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment.
- the filling space determination unit 323A of the present embodiment does not fill the k space for the TE1 image because the echo time is discontinuous.
- the echo signal (412) is also determined to fill the k space.
- the filling space determination unit 323A of the present embodiment has the fourth to sixth echo signals of the echo train A in the origin target region, so the third echo signal of the echo train B and the echo train A Although the ninth echo signal is not an echo connection point, echo train A and echo train B are connected here.
- FIG. 18 shows the k-space arrangement of the TE1 image determined as shown in FIG. 17 on the k-space trajectory. As shown in the figure, the ninth echo signal of echo train A and the third echo signal of echo train B are adjacent to each other, and this is a discontinuous point.
- the discontinuous point notifying unit 324 notifies the discontinuous point correcting unit 341 of this discontinuous point, and the discontinuous point correcting unit 341 detects the origin-target echo signal (here, the fourth to sixth echo train A).
- the signal intensity of the seventh to ninth echo signals of echo train A is corrected using the above equation (1).
- the echo signals for the origin used for correction are arranged continuously, that is, smoothly.
- the present embodiment as in the first embodiment, even when echoes are shared between echo trains, deterioration in image quality due to discontinuous echo arrangement can be prevented. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to reduce the imaging time per contrast image without deterioration in image quality. Alternatively, the number of echo trains can be reduced and the image quality can be improved without increasing the imaging time per contrast.
- the MRI apparatus of the present invention is an apparatus that operates each unit according to a pulse sequence defined by imaging parameters, and reconstructs a plurality of different contrast images while sharing an echo signal from a plurality of collected echo trains.
- the k-spaces of the echo signals constituting the plurality of echo trains are maintained so that the continuity of the echo time or the signal intensity of the echo signals is maintained in each of the k-spaces filling the echo signals for reconstructing the respective contrast images.
- Sequence determining means for determining an echo arrangement order and a k-space to be filled on the locus of the signal, and determining a pulse sequence so that an echo signal is arranged on the locus of each k-space in the determined echo arrangement order. It is characterized by.
- the sequence determining means includes an echo arrangement determining means for determining an echo arrangement order, and a filling k space determining means for determining a k space for each contrast to be filled for each echo signal, And an echo connection point determining means for determining an echo signal to start sharing as a connection point so that the echo time of the echo signal is continuous in both k spaces sharing the echo signal, and a desired contrast time for each echo train Are placed in the lowest spatial frequency region on the contrast k-space trajectory, and an echo train other than the reference echo train is placed up to the connection point.
- the echo arrangement determining means arranges the echo train other than the reference echo train for each echo train up to the connection point in a non-vibrating centric manner with respect to the reference echo train.
- the connecting points of the echo train other than the reference echo train are sequentially arranged.
- the echo connection point determining means is an echo signal of an echo train other than the reference echo train, and the echo signal of the reference echo train acquired at the same echo time is the same position on the k-space trajectory.
- positioned in the adjacent position is determined as a connection point.
- the image processing apparatus further includes image reconstruction means for reconstructing an image from echo signals filled in each k-space, and the filling k-space determining means has a discontinuous echo time in the filled echo signals.
- a correct echo signal is notified to the image reconstruction means, and the image reconstruction means reconstructs the image after correcting the signal intensity of the discontinuously arranged echo signals.
- the number of echo trains to be collected and the number of echo trains having different echo arrangements matches the number of images to be acquired.
- the number of echo trains to be collected and the number of echo trains having different echo arrangements is smaller than the number of images to be acquired.
- the multi-echo multi-contrast imaging method of the present invention uses a plurality of echo trains that are collected by operating a pulse sequence for measuring echoes and rain, which are composed of a plurality of echo signals, a plurality of times while sharing echo signals.
- a method for reconstructing a contrast image wherein a plurality of echo trains are maintained so that continuity of echo time or signal intensity of each echo signal is maintained in each k-space filled with echo signals reconstructing each contrast image. Determining the order of echo placement on the k-space trajectory of each echo signal and the k-space to be filled, and a pulse sequence so that the echo signal is placed on the trajectory of each k-space in the determined echo placement order And a sequence determination step for determining.
- the sequence determination step includes an echo arrangement determination step for determining an echo arrangement order, and a filling k-space determination step for determining a k-space for each contrast to be filled for each echo signal.
- the step includes an echo connection point determination step for determining an echo signal to start sharing as a connection point so that the echo time of the echo signal is continuous in each of both k spaces sharing the echo signal.
- An echo signal of contrast time is arranged in the lowest spatial frequency region on the contrast k-space trajectory, and an echo train other than the reference echo train is placed up to the connection point.
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Abstract
Description
PDwに用いるエコー数を少なくすれば、T2w用のエコーも取得できる。しかし、その場合は、1回のTRで取得するエコー数が少なくなるため、撮像時間が増加する。
以下、本発明を適用する第一の実施形態について説明する。以下、本発明の実施形態を説明するための全図において、同一機能を有するものは同一符号を付し、その繰り返しの説明は省略する。
本図において、RF、Gs、Gp、Gf、AD、Echoはそれぞれ、RFパルス、スライス傾斜磁場、位相エンコード傾斜磁場、周波数エンコード傾斜磁場、AD変換、エコー信号の軸を表す。なお、ここでは、一例として、1回の励起RFパルス毎に、6個のエコー信号群を収集する場合を例示する。なお、前述のように、1の励起RFパルス印加後、1TR(繰り返し時間)間に取得するエコー信号群を、エコートレインと呼ぶ。また、エコートレインを構成するエコー信号の数をエコートレイン数(ETL)と呼ぶ。この例では、エコートレイン数は6である。
従って、エコー配置決定部321は、まず、エコートレインAのエコー配置順を決定する。なお、エコートレインAのエコー配置順は、上記図6および図8を用いて説明したとおりである。ただし、エコー番号12まで配置する。また、エコー接続点決定部322によるエコー接続点の決定方法も、上記実施形態と同じである。
次に、本発明を適用する第二の実施形態を説明する。第一の実施形態では、エコー時間が連続するエコー信号のみ使用し、k空間を充填している。本実施形態では、所定の条件を満たす場合、連続しないエコー信号もk空間の充填に使用する。
画像再構成部340は、更新後のk空間データから画像を再構成する。
Claims (10)
- 撮像パラメータにより規定されるパルスシーケンスに従って各部を動作させ、収集した複数のエコートレインから、エコー信号を共有しながら複数の異なるコントラストの画像を再構成する磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
各コントラストの画像を再構成するエコー信号を充填するk空間それぞれにおいてエコー信号のエコー時間又は信号強度の連続性が維持されるよう、前記複数のエコートレインを構成する各エコー信号のk空間の軌跡上のエコー配置順および充填するk空間を決定し、当該決定したエコー配置順で各k空間の軌跡上にエコー信号が配置されるように前記パルスシーケンスを決定するシーケンス決定手段、を備えること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項1記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
前記シーケンス決定手段は、
前記エコー配置順を決定するエコー配置決定手段と、
前記各エコー信号それぞれについて充填するコントラスト毎のk空間を決定する充填k空間決定手段と、を備え、
前記エコー配置決定手段は、
前記エコー信号を共有する両k空間それぞれにおいて前記エコー信号のエコー時間が連続するよう、共有を開始するエコー信号を接続点として決定するエコー接続点決定手段を備え、
エコートレイン毎に、所望のコントラスト時間のエコー信号を、当該コントラスト用のk空間の軌跡上の最も低空間周波数領域に配置し、かつ、基準とするエコートレイン以外のエコートレインを、前記接続点まで配置すること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項2記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
前記エコー配置決定手段は、
エコートレイン毎に、基準とするエコートレイン以外のエコートレインを、前記基準とするエコートレインに対して非振動セントリックに、前記接続点まで配置すること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項2記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
基準とするエコートレイン以外のエコートレインの前記接続点以降を、シーケンシャルに配置すること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項2乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
前記エコー接続点決定手段は、前記基準とするエコートレイン以外のエコートレインのエコー信号であって、同じエコー時間に取得した前記基準とするエコートレインのエコー信号がk空間軌跡上の同じ位置または隣接する位置に配置されるエコー信号を、前記接続点と決定すること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項2乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
各k空間に充填されたエコー信号からそれぞれ画像を再構成する画像再構成手段をさらに備え、
前記充填k空間決定手段は、充填されたエコー信号の中の、エコー時間が不連続なエコー信号を前記画像再構成手段に通知し、
前記画像再構成手段は、前記不連続に配置されたエコー信号の信号強度を補正後、画像を再構成すること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
前記収集するエコートレインの数であって、互いに前記エコー配置が異なるエコートレインの数は、取得する画像数に合致すること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
前記収集するエコートレインの数であって、互いに前記エコー配置が異なるエコートレインの数は、取得する画像数より少ないこと
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 複数のエコー信号から成るエコートレインを計測するパルスシーケンスを複数回動作させて収集した複数のエコートレインから、エコー信号を共有しながら複数の異なるコントラストの画像を再構成するマルチエコーマルチコントラスト撮像法であって、
各コントラストの画像を再構成するエコー信号を充填するk空間それぞれにおいてエコー信号のエコー時間又は信号強度の連続性が維持されるよう、前記複数のエコートレインを構成する各エコー信号のk空間の軌跡上のエコー配置順および充填するk空間を決定するステップと、
前記決定したエコー配置順で各k空間の軌跡上にエコー信号が配置されるように前記パルスシーケンスを決定するシーケンス決定ステップと、
を備えること
を特徴とするマルチエコーマルチコントラスト撮像法。 - 請求項9記載のマルチエコーマルチコントラスト撮像法であって、
前記シーケンス決定ステップは、
前記エコー配置順を決定するエコー配置決定ステップと、
前記各エコー信号それぞれについて充填するコントラスト毎のk空間を決定する充填k空間決定ステップと、を備え、
前記エコー配置決定ステップは、
前記エコー信号を共有する両k空間それぞれにおいて前記エコー信号のエコー時間が連続するよう、共有を開始するエコー信号を接続点として決定するエコー接続点決定ステップを備え、
エコートレイン毎に、所望のコントラスト時間のエコー信号を、当該コントラスト用のk空間の軌跡上の最も低空間周波数領域に配置し、かつ、基準とするエコートレイン以外のエコートレインを、前記接続点まで配置すること
を特徴とするマルチエコーマルチコントラスト撮像法。
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JP2015029915A (ja) * | 2013-08-02 | 2015-02-16 | シーメンス アクチエンゲゼルシヤフトSiemens Aktiengesellschaft | 磁気共鳴イメージングを最適化するために可変トリガセグメンテーションを使用するシステムおよび方法 |
JP2020130962A (ja) * | 2019-02-26 | 2020-08-31 | キヤノンメディカルシステムズ株式会社 | データ処理装置、方法及びプログラム |
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ITGE20120022A1 (it) * | 2012-02-27 | 2013-08-28 | Esaote Spa | Metodo e dispositivo per la generazione di immagini di risonanza magnetica |
US20170131374A1 (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2017-05-11 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus and image processing method thereof |
DE102019102799A1 (de) * | 2019-02-05 | 2020-08-06 | Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg | Verfahren der Magnetresonanztomographie |
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US9594133B2 (en) | 2017-03-14 |
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JP5770191B2 (ja) | 2015-08-26 |
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