WO2012014927A1 - 医療用多層チューブ、および医療用輸液バッグ - Google Patents
医療用多層チューブ、および医療用輸液バッグ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012014927A1 WO2012014927A1 PCT/JP2011/067073 JP2011067073W WO2012014927A1 WO 2012014927 A1 WO2012014927 A1 WO 2012014927A1 JP 2011067073 W JP2011067073 W JP 2011067073W WO 2012014927 A1 WO2012014927 A1 WO 2012014927A1
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- tube
- layer
- bag
- polypropylene
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
- A61J1/00—Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes
- A61J1/14—Details; Accessories therefor
- A61J1/1475—Inlet or outlet ports
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
- A61J1/00—Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes
- A61J1/05—Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes for collecting, storing or administering blood, plasma or medical fluids ; Infusion or perfusion containers
- A61J1/10—Bag-type containers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L29/00—Materials for catheters, medical tubing, cannulae, or endoscopes or for coating catheters
- A61L29/08—Materials for coatings
- A61L29/085—Macromolecular materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a general shape other than plane
- B32B1/08—Tubular products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
- A61J1/00—Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes
- A61J1/14—Details; Accessories therefor
- A61J1/1468—Containers characterised by specific material properties
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2420/00—Materials or methods for coatings medical devices
- A61L2420/08—Coatings comprising two or more layers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
- A61M39/10—Tube connectors; Tube couplings
- A61M39/12—Tube connectors; Tube couplings for joining a flexible tube to a rigid attachment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
- B32B2250/242—All polymers belonging to those covered by group B32B27/32
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2535/00—Medical equipment, e.g. bandage, prostheses, catheter
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a medical multilayer tube suitable as a tube port of a medical infusion bag, and a medical infusion bag.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-172263 for which it applied to Japan on July 30, 2010, and uses the content here.
- soft polyvinyl chloride containing a plasticizer has been widely used in medical devices such as infusion bags and tube ports.
- Soft polyvinyl chloride is excellent in flexibility, heat resistance, strength, and kink properties as a tube.
- soft polyvinyl chloride contains chlorine atoms in the main chain, it has a problem that dioxins are likely to be generated during waste incineration.
- phthalate plasticizers such as dioctyl phthalate, which are included for the purpose of softening, may be eluted in infusion solutions, and there is a concern that this may be an environmental hormone.
- polypropylene has excellent heat resistance, it tends to be very brittle in a low temperature environment. Therefore, when the infusion bag made of polypropylene is used in a low temperature environment, there are problems due to the poor cold resistance of polypropylene, such as the bag being torn. Also, polypropylene often contains additives such as antioxidants to prevent deterioration. Therefore, in the case of polypropylene as well as in the case of soft polyvinyl chloride, there is a concern about the dissolution of the additive into the infusion solution.
- Polyethylene has attracted attention as an alternative material to polypropylene.
- Polyethylene is excellent in cold resistance, and the amount of additives added to polyethylene can be reduced. Therefore, there are few components which elute to an infusion solution.
- polyethylene is inexpensive, manufacturing costs can be reduced.
- general polyethylene has a heat resistant temperature of about 110 ° C., and has lower heat resistance than polypropylene.
- the infusion solution is sterilized at a high temperature of 121 ° C. after injection, the heat resistance of the polyethylene is required to produce the bag from polyethylene.
- polyethylene that can withstand high-pressure steam sterilization at 121 ° C. has been developed, and has attracted attention as a material for infusion bags.
- a tube called a tube port When injecting an infusion solution into an infusion bag, a tube called a tube port is usually welded to a bag body that contains the infusion solution, and the infusion solution is injected into the bag body from the tube.
- a connector such as a twist-off spike port, which is liquid-tight with a membrane, is inserted into the tip of the tube, so that the tube is plugged and then subjected to high-pressure steam sterilization.
- the contact portion between the bag body and the tube and between the tube and the connector needs to be in close contact without leaking.
- Patent Document 1 an outer layer mainly composed of soft polyvinyl chloride or a polyurethane copolymer, an intermediate layer mainly composed of chlorinated polyethylene or a maleic acid copolymer, polyethylene or A medical tube composed of three inner layers mainly composed of a copolymer of ethylene and ⁇ -olefin is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a multilayer tube including an outer layer, an intermediate layer, and an inner layer.
- the inner or outer layer is composed of a composition of 85% ternary mixture of polypropylene, ethylene and acrylate copolymer, styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene block copolymer and 15% copolymer of ethylene and propylene.
- a multilayer tube is illustrated.
- Patent Document 1 has poor adhesion to a polyethylene bag.
- Patent Document 2 does not have any specific disclosure for imparting resistance to 121 ° C. high-pressure steam sterilization, and the multilayer tube described in Patent Document 2 is satisfactory for 121 ° C. high-pressure steam sterilization. Does not have heat resistance.
- polypropylene is mainly used as a material for an infusion bag instead of soft polyvinyl chloride, and therefore, a tube is also made of a polypropylene resin.
- a tube is also made of a polypropylene resin.
- connectors related to non-vinyl chloride infusion bags such as a twist-off spike port attached to the tube, are generally connected to a polypropylene tube, and many are made of polypropylene. . Therefore, in addition to excellent heat resistance, a tube combined with a polyethylene bag that can withstand high-pressure steam sterilization at 121 ° C. is required to have adhesion to medical devices made of different materials. That is, the tube is also required to have adhesion to both the polyethylene bag and the polypropylene connector.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a medical multilayer tube excellent in heat resistance and adhesion to both a polyethylene bag and a connector, and a medical infusion solution having the medical multilayer tube
- the object is to provide a bag.
- the medical multilayer tube of the present invention has an outer layer made of a resin material containing high-density polyethylene and an inner layer made of a resin material containing random polypropylene and / or block polypropylene.
- An adhesive layer made of an adhesive resin may be provided between the outer layer and the inner layer.
- the outer layer may be made of a resin material containing high-density polyethylene and an adhesive resin.
- the medical infusion bag of the present invention includes a bag body that contains an infusion solution in which a polyethylene film is formed into a bag shape, and a tube port that is welded to a lower portion of the bag body and discharges the infusion solution from the bag body. In the medical infusion bag, the medical multilayer tube of the present invention is used as the tube port.
- a medical multilayer tube excellent in heat resistance and adhesion to both a polyethylene bag and a connector, and a medical infusion bag provided with the medical multilayer tube can be provided.
- FIG. 1 It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the medical multilayer tube of this invention. It is a front view which shows an example of the medical infusion bag of this invention. It is a front view which shows an example of the state by which the connector was attached to the tube of the medical infusion bag shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of the medical multilayer tube of the present invention.
- the medical multilayer tube may be simply abbreviated as “tube”.
- the tube 10 includes an outer layer 11, an inner layer 12, and an adhesive layer 13 provided between these layers.
- the dimensional ratio is different from the actual one for convenience of explanation.
- the outer layer 11 is a polyethylene bag, that is, a layer in contact with a bag body described later, and is made of a resin material containing high-density polyethylene.
- the resin material is referred to as “outer layer resin material”. Since the outer layer 11 is made of an outer layer resin material containing high-density polyethylene, a tube having heat resistance that can withstand high-pressure steam sterilization at 121 ° C. can be obtained.
- the polyethylene bag and the outer layer 11 in contact with the polyethylene bag are made of the same ethylene material, the tube can be easily welded to the polyethylene bag and has excellent adhesion.
- high density polyethylene refers to polyethylene having a density of 0.945 g / cm 3 or more. If the density is 0.945 g / cm 3 or more, a tube having excellent heat resistance can be obtained.
- the density of polyethylene is a value measured according to the JIS K 7112 D method.
- the high density polyethylene it is preferable to use a high density polyethylene having a molecular weight distribution Mw / Mn of 6 or less. If molecular weight distribution Mw / Mn is 6 or less, when manufacturing a tube by extrusion molding, it can suppress that the outer layer 11 becomes cloudy, and can maintain the transparency of a tube favorably.
- the molecular weight distribution Mw / Mn is a ratio of the weight average molecular weight Mw and the number average molecular weight Mn measured by gel permeation chromatography and calculated using a calibration curve using polystyrene as a standard sample.
- the outer layer 11 may be formed only from high-density polyethylene, but may be formed from an outer layer resin material containing an adhesive resin.
- an adhesive layer 13 described later can be omitted, and a tube including only the outer layer 11 and the inner layer 12 can be obtained.
- the outer layer resin material may be prepared by pellet blending of high-density polyethylene and the adhesive resin, but when the kneading in the molding machine is insufficient Alternatively, both may be previously melt-kneaded by an extruder or the like.
- the adhesive resin examples include elastomers such as polyolefin elastomers and styrene elastomers; maleic anhydride modified polyolefins such as maleic anhydride modified polyethylene and maleic anhydride modified polypropylene; acrylic acid modified such as acrylic acid modified polyethylene and acrylic acid modified polypropylene.
- elastomers such as polyolefin elastomers and styrene elastomers
- maleic anhydride modified polyolefins such as maleic anhydride modified polyethylene and maleic anhydride modified polypropylene
- acrylic acid modified such as acrylic acid modified polyethylene and acrylic acid modified polypropylene.
- Polyolefins; olefin copolymers such as copolymers of maleic anhydride and olefins, copolymers of acrylic acid derivatives and olefins; or block copolymers having ethylene chains at both ends (polyethylene and polypropylene compatibilizer
- examples of the adhesive resin include a mixture of the above resins and a mixture of these with polyethylene or polypropylene.
- the content of the adhesive resin is preferably 80% by mass or less and more preferably 60% by mass or less in 100% by mass of the outer layer resin material. If the content of the adhesive resin exceeds 80% by mass, the proportion of high-density polyethylene decreases and the heat resistance of the tube tends to decrease. Although it does not restrict
- the thickness of the outer layer 11 is preferably 50 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 20 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 10 ⁇ m or less. If the thickness of the outer layer 11 is 50 ⁇ m or less, the flexibility of the entire tube 10 can be maintained well. In particular, when the thickness of the outer layer 11 is 20 ⁇ m or less, the transparency of the tube 10 is further improved. If the thickness of the outer layer 11 is 10 ⁇ m or less, a tube having flexibility and transparency superior to a conventional polypropylene tube can be obtained.
- the lower limit value of the thickness of the outer layer 11 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 3 ⁇ m or more.
- the inner layer 12 is the thickest main layer of the multilayer tube, and is a layer in contact with a connector that is inserted into and connected to a tube such as a twist-off spike port.
- a tube having a two-layer structure the inner layer 12
- the inner layer 12 In the case of a three-layer structure, it means a layer other than the outer layer and the adhesive layer.
- the inner layer 12 is made of a resin material containing random polypropylene and / or block polypropylene.
- the resin material is referred to as “inner layer resin material”.
- the inner layer 12 is made of an inner layer resin material containing random polypropylene and / or block polypropylene
- the polypropylene connector and the inner layer 12 in contact with the connector are made of the same propylene-based material, which is superior to the polypropylene connector.
- a tube having excellent adhesion is obtained.
- Random polypropylene is a random copolymer of propylene and ethylene.
- the random polypropylene it is preferable to use a random polypropylene having an ethylene content of 3% by mass or more, and more preferably using a random polypropylene having an ethylene content of 6% by mass or more.
- the ethylene content is less than 3% by mass, there is a problem that the adhesion between the tube and the connector becomes weak and the flexibility of the tube is lost and the tube becomes hard.
- the upper limit of the ethylene content is not particularly limited, but is preferably 9% by mass or less.
- Block polypropylene is obtained by blending propylene and an elastomer component composed of ethylene and / or other olefins.
- a reactor blend is preferable.
- This block polypropylene is obtained, for example, by adding ethylene and / or other olefins during the homopolymerization of propylene and copolymerizing these with propylene.
- Examples of other olefins include 1-butene, 1-pentene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-hexene and 1-octene.
- the block polypropylene it is preferable to use a block polypropylene having an elastomer component content of 15% by mass or more, and it is more preferable to use a block polypropylene having an elastomer component content of 40% by mass or more.
- the content of the elastomer component is less than 15% by mass, there is a problem in that the adhesion between the tube and the connector is weakened, and the flexibility of the tube is lost and the tube becomes rigid.
- the upper limit of the content of the elastomer component is not particularly limited, but is preferably 70% by mass or less.
- block polypropylene is more flexible than random polypropylene, it is excellent in adhesiveness. Therefore, when the tube 10 includes the outer layer 11 and the inner layer 12, the inner layer 12 is preferably formed from block polypropylene. If the inner layer 12 is formed from block polypropylene, the tube 10 excellent in adhesiveness with the outer layer 11 can be obtained. On the other hand, random polypropylene has fewer elution components into the infusion than block polypropylene. Therefore, if the inner layer 12 is formed from random polypropylene, the tube 10 having excellent chemical resistance and safety can be obtained.
- a styrene elastomer such as hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-elastomer or an olefin elastomer such as ethylene-butene copolymer may be used alone or in combination. Can be blended.
- the inner layer 12 may have a single layer structure composed of one layer or a multilayer structure composed of multiple layers.
- the inner layer 12 has a multilayer structure, one or more layers made of the above-described resin material for the inner layer are on the outer layer 11 side, and a layer made of another polypropylene is on the liquid contact side, that is, the innermost side. Is preferable.
- a polypropylene which forms the liquid contact side layer among the inner layers 12 it can be set as the following structures according to the objective.
- random polypropylene that does not contain an elastomer component or homopolypropylene that is a homopolymer of propylene, in that elution into an infusion solution can be further suppressed.
- the random propylene a random polypropylene having an ethylene content of 3% by mass or more is preferable.
- polypropylene containing an elastomer component examples include block polypropylene, a mixture of block polypropylene and an elastomer component, and a mixture of random propylene and an elastomer component.
- the elastomer component examples include polyolefin elastomers, styrene elastomers, and mixtures of the above elastomers.
- a mixture of a block polypropylene and an elastomer component is preferable because it is excellent in not only a polypropylene connector but also a polycarbonate connector.
- the tube 10 consists of the outer layer 11 and the inner layer 12, it is preferable that the layer which contacts the outer layer 11 among the inner layers 12 is formed from a block polypropylene as mentioned above.
- the thickness of the inner layer 12 is preferably 0.35 to 9 mm, and more preferably 0.6 to 5 mm. If the thickness of the inner layer 12 is 0.35 mm or more, the strength of the tube can be maintained well. On the other hand, if the thickness of the inner layer 12 is 9 mm or less, the flexibility of the tube can be maintained well.
- the thickness of the layer on the liquid contact side is preferably 3 to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 3 to 20 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 3 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the layer on the liquid contact side is random polypropylene or homopolypropylene
- the thickness of the layer is 50 ⁇ m or less
- the overall flexibility of the tube 10 can be maintained well.
- the thickness of the liquid contact side layer is 20 ⁇ m or less
- the flexibility of the entire tube 10 is further improved
- the thickness of the liquid contact side layer is 10 ⁇ m or less
- the overall flexibility of the tube 10 is improved. It is possible to improve to the same degree as the flexibility of the tube not including the liquid contact side layer.
- the liquid contact layer is made of polypropylene containing an elastomer component
- the thickness of the layer is 50 ⁇ m or less
- the overall chemical resistance of the tube 10 is not significantly impaired.
- the thickness of the layer on the liquid contact side is 20 ⁇ m or less
- the chemical resistance of the entire tube 10 is hardly impaired, and if the thickness of the layer on the liquid contact side is 10 ⁇ m, the resistance of the entire tube 10 is improved.
- the chemical properties can be made almost the same as when there is no layer on the wetted side.
- the adhesive layer 13 is a layer provided between the outer layer 11 and the inner layer 12, and plays a role of bonding the two.
- the adhesive layer 13 is made of an adhesive resin.
- the adhesive resin that forms the adhesive layer 13 include the adhesive resins exemplified above in the description of the outer layer 11. Among them, the flexibility of the tube 10 as a whole, the adhesive strength between the outer layer 11 and the inner layer 12 is excellent, and the peel strength is high, so that a mixture of polypropylene and elastomer, a mixture of block polypropylene and elastomer, maleic anhydride modified polypropylene Alternatively, it is preferable to use a block copolymer having ethylene chains at both ends.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer 13 is preferably 3 to 100 ⁇ m, and more preferably 5 to 50 ⁇ m. If the thickness of the adhesive layer 13 is 3 ⁇ m or more, the outer layer 11 and the inner layer 12 can be bonded uniformly. In particular, when the thickness of the adhesive layer 13 is 5 ⁇ m or more, the adhesion is more uniform, and the variation in peel strength is reduced. On the other hand, if the thickness of the adhesive layer 13 is 100 ⁇ m or less, the chemical resistance of the entire tube 10 is not significantly impaired. In particular, if the thickness of the adhesive layer 13 is 50 ⁇ m or less, the chemical resistance of the entire tube 10 is hardly impaired.
- the above-described layers are preferably bonded by a coextrusion method.
- the “coextrusion method” means a method in which a plurality of resin materials are simultaneously extruded by a plurality of extruders, and a plurality of molten resin layers are laminated in a tubular shape inside or outside the die. Specifically, an outer layer resin material, an inner layer resin material, and an adhesive resin that forms an adhesive layer as needed are simultaneously extruded and laminated into a tubular shape to obtain a tube having an outer layer and an inner layer.
- the outer diameter of the tube obtained by the above method is about 1.1 to 20 mm.
- the wall thickness of the tube is preferably 5 to 45% of the outer diameter of the tube.
- the wall thickness of the tube is less than 5% of the outer diameter, it is difficult to maintain the hollow shape of the tube, and the tube may be crushed and blocked.
- the thickness of the wall of the tube exceeds 45% of the outer diameter, the tube becomes stiff and it becomes difficult to maintain flexibility.
- the tube of the present invention has the outer layer and the inner layer described above.
- the outer layer is made of an outer layer resin material containing high density polyethylene. Therefore, the tube of the present invention has heat resistance that can withstand high-pressure steam sterilization at 121 ° C.
- the outer layer is made of the same ethylene material as the polyethylene bag
- the inner layer is made of the same propylene material as the connector made of polypropylene. Therefore, the tube of this invention is excellent in the adhesiveness with respect to both the polyethylene bag from which a material differs, and a connector.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of the medical infusion bag of the present invention.
- a medical infusion bag may be simply abbreviated as “infusion bag”.
- the infusion bag 100 includes a bag body 20 that contains the infusion solution, and the tube 10 of the present invention welded to the lower portion of the bag body 20.
- the bag body 20 is a polyethylene bag in which a polyethylene film is formed into a bag shape.
- the polyethylene film includes a structure in which at least the inner layer of the bag body 20 is made of polyethylene.
- the polyethylene film includes a polyethylene film having a multilayer structure in which the inner layer contains high-density polyethylene.
- examples of the polyethylene film having a multilayer structure in which all layers are made of polyethylene include a three-layer polyethylene film having an inner layer, an intermediate layer, and an outer layer.
- a polyethylene film having a three-layer structure a three-layer film in which an inner layer and an outer layer are made of high-density polyethylene and an intermediate layer is made of linear low-density polyethylene;
- examples thereof include a three-layer film composed of a mixture, an intermediate layer composed of a mixture of linear low density polyethylene and high density polyethylene, and an inner layer composed of high density polyethylene.
- Examples of the high density polyethylene include polyethylene having a density of 0.945 g / cm 3 or more.
- Examples of the linear low density polyethylene include polyethylene having a density of less than 0.945 g / cm 3 .
- Examples of the low density polyethylene include polyethylene having a density of 0.910 g / cm 3 or more and less than 0.930 g / cm 3 .
- the density of polyethylene is a value measured according to the JIS K 7112 D method.
- the bag body 20 can be obtained by molding a polyethylene film into a bag shape by, for example, a water-cooled or air-cooled coextrusion multilayer inflation method or a multilayer hollow molding method. It can also be obtained by forming a laminated film or a laminated sheet by a coextrusion multilayer T-die method, a dry lamination method, an extrusion lamination method or the like and then processing them into a bag shape by heat sealing.
- the infusion bag 100 of the present invention uses the tube 10 of the present invention as a tube port.
- the method for welding the tube 10 to the bag body 20 is not particularly limited.
- the tube 10 may be inserted into the lower portion of the bag body 20 and the part in contact with the tube 10 may be heat-sealed.
- the infusion bag 100 of the present invention can be firmly attached to the tube 10 and the bag body 20.
- the peel strength at the welded portion is 10 N / 15 mm, that is, 3.3 N / 5 mm or more, it can be said that the tube 10 and the bag body 20 are in close contact.
- the peel strength of the welded part is 30 N / 15 mm, that is, 10 N / 5 mm or more, or if the welded part does not peel in the peel test but the film breaks, the tube 10 and the bag body 20 are It can be said that they are firmly welded.
- the peel strength is a value measured according to JIS Z 0238. Specifically, it is a 90 degree peel strength measured under the conditions of 23 ⁇ 2 ° C., relative humidity 50 ⁇ 5%, and peel speed of 300 mm / min.
- the tube 10 and the bag main body 20 are excellent in heat resistance, even if the infusion solution is injected into the infusion bag 100 and then subjected to high-pressure steam sterilization, it can sufficiently withstand.
- injecting the infusion solution into the infusion bag for example, as shown in FIG. 3, one of the two tubes 10 is plugged by inserting the connector 30 into one tube 10a, and the other tube 10b is heated at its tip. It is crushed with a seal and plugged, and then autoclaved.
- the connector When the tube of the present invention is used, the connector can be firmly adhered to the tube so that the connector cannot be removed again from the tube by the heat during the high-pressure steam sterilization simply by plugging. Therefore, it is not necessary to weld the tube and the connector by heat sealing before the high-pressure steam sterilization treatment. However, if a more reliable seal is desired, after sealing the plug, the close contact portion between the plug and the tube may be heat sealed using a mold or the like. The adhesion between the tube and the connector can be further improved. Further, instead of heat-sealing the tip of the other tube 10b, a connector may be inserted and plugged.
- the connector 30 a commercially available port such as a twist-off spike port can be used.
- the connector 30 is generally made of polypropylene and has excellent heat resistance. Therefore, it can also withstand high pressure steam sterilization.
- the connector 30 and the inner layer of the tube 10 in contact with the connector 30 are made of the same propylene-based material. Therefore, the adhesion between the tube 10 and the connector 30 is also excellent.
- Table 1 shows the physical properties and the like of the resin used in the manufacture of the tube in each example and comparative example.
- MFR (mel flow rate) was measured in accordance with JIS K7210 at 190 ° C. for polyethylene, 230 ° C. for other resins, and a load of 21.18 N. The density was measured according to JIS K 7112 D method. Moreover, Mw / Mn was measured by gel permeation chromatography and determined in terms of polystyrene.
- HDPE high density polyethylene
- LLDPE linear low density polyethylene
- PP polypropylene
- the “PP elastomer blend” is a mixture in which 60% by mass of block PP1, 20% by mass of an olefin elastomer of an ethylene-butene copolymer, and 20% by mass of a styrene elastomer are mixed.
- Acid-modified polypropylene is maleic anhydride-modified polypropylene (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, “Zeras MC721AP”).
- the “block copolymer” is a block copolymer having an ethylene chain-ethylene butylene chain-ethylene chain structure (manufactured by JSR Corporation, “Dynalon 6200P”).
- Example 1 ⁇ Manufacture of tubes> As shown in Table 2, the outer layer, the adhesive layer, and the inner layer were sequentially laminated using a multilayer tube molding machine (manufactured by Pla Giken Co., Ltd.) using HDPE1 for the outer layer, block PP1 for the inner layer, and PP elastomer blend for the adhesive layer. Thus, a tube having an outer diameter of 8 mm and an inner diameter of 6 mm was manufactured. When the thickness of each layer was measured, the outer layer was 20 ⁇ m, the adhesive layer was 10 ⁇ m, the inner layer was 970 ⁇ m, and the tube wall thickness was 1 mm.
- the outer layer is a mixture of low density polyethylene (density: 0.928 g / cm 3 ) and high density polyethylene (density: 0.956 g / cm 3 ) in a ratio of 7 to 3
- the intermediate layer is a linear low density polyethylene ( A mixture in which density is 0.908 g / cm 3 ) and high-density polyethylene (density: 0.956 g / cm 3 ) is mixed 8 to 2, and high-density polyethylene (density: 0.956 g / cm 3 ) is used for the inner layer.
- a water-cooled coextrusion multilayer inflation molding machine produced a three-layer polyethylene film in which an outer layer, an intermediate layer, and an inner layer were sequentially laminated.
- the outer layer was 25 ⁇ m
- the intermediate layer was 215 ⁇ m
- the inner layer was 25 ⁇ m.
- the polyethylene film was heat-sealed at a predetermined location so as to form a bag to obtain a bag body.
- two tubes were welded to the lower part of the obtained bag body by heat sealing to obtain an infusion bag shown in FIG.
- Example 2 A tube in which the outer layer, the adhesive layer, and the inner layer were sequentially laminated was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the types of resins constituting the outer layer, the inner layer, and the adhesive layer were changed as shown in Table 2.
- An infusion bag was manufactured using the obtained tube, and each evaluation was performed. The results are shown in Table 3.
- the inner layer had a two-layer structure composed of an outer layer side layer (thickness: 960 ⁇ m) made of block PP1 and a liquid contact side layer (thickness: 10 ⁇ m) made of PP elastomer blend.
- Example 10 As the resin constituting the outer layer, an outer layer and an inner layer were formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a 50:50 mixture of HDPE1 and a block copolymer was used and no adhesive layer was provided between the outer layer and the inner layer. A laminated two-layer tube was manufactured, an infusion bag was manufactured using the obtained tube, and each evaluation was performed. The results are shown in Table 3.
- Example 11 An infusion bag was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a polycarbonate twist-off spike port was used as the connector. The results are shown in Table 3.
- Example 12 An infusion bag was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the same tube as in Example 4 was used and a polycarbonate twist-off spike port was used as the connector. The results are shown in Table 3.
- Example 1 A block PP1 was used as the block polypropylene, and a single-layer tube having a thickness of 1 mm was produced by a multilayer tube molding machine (manufactured by Pla Giken Co., Ltd.). An infusion bag was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the obtained tube was used, and each evaluation was performed. The results are shown in Table 3.
- Example 2 A tube in which the outer layer, the adhesive layer, and the inner layer are sequentially laminated is manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that LLDPE is used as the outer layer resin material constituting the outer layer, and an infusion bag is manufactured using the obtained tube. Each evaluation was performed. The results are shown in Table 3.
- Example 3 A tube in which the outer layer, the adhesive layer, and the inner layer were sequentially laminated was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that LLDPE was used as the outer layer resin material constituting the outer layer. Using the obtained tube, an infusion bag was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature of the sterilization treatment was changed to 115 ° C. The results are shown in Table 3.
- the tubes obtained in each example were transparent or translucent even when subjected to high-pressure steam sterilization at 121 ° C., and the transparency could be maintained.
- Infusion bags equipped with these tubes show a sufficient peel strength at the welded portion of the bag body and tube even after high-pressure steam sterilization at 121 ° C., and the polyethylene bag body and the tube are firmly attached.
- the tube was not deformed, and the tube was not detached from the bag body and the connector was not detached from the tube.
- the tube obtained in Comparative Example 1 was transparent even after high-pressure steam sterilization at 121 ° C., and was able to maintain transparency.
- the infusion bag equipped with this tube does not deform even when subjected to high-pressure steam sterilization at 121 ° C, and the tube does not come off from the bag body or the connector does not come off from the tube. It was.
- the infusion bag of Comparative Example 1 had a low peel strength of 9 N / 5 mm at the welded portion of the bag body and the tube, and the adhesion was insufficient.
- the infusion bag provided with the tube obtained in Comparative Example 2 has a peel strength at the welded portion of the bag body and the tube of the same level as the infusion bag obtained in each Example even when autoclaved at 121 ° C. Met. Moreover, the connector did not come off from the tube. However, the tube of the infusion bag of Comparative Example 2 was deformed when subjected to high-pressure steam sterilization at 121 ° C. From this result, it was shown that the tube provided with the outer layer which consists of a linear low density polyethylene is inferior to heat resistance. Further, the tube after the autoclave sterilization treatment was opaque.
- the tube obtained in Comparative Example 3 was transparent even when sterilized at 115 ° C., and was able to maintain transparency. Moreover, even if the infusion bag provided with this tube was sterilized at 115 degreeC, the peeling strength of the welding part of a bag main body and a tube was a value comparable as the infusion bag obtained in each Example. In the case of Comparative Example 3, since the sterilization temperature was as low as 115 ° C., the tube was able to maintain heat resistance at this temperature. However, in the infusion bag of Comparative Example 3, the connector was easily detached from the tube, and the adhesion between the tube and the connector was insufficient.
- a medical multilayer tube excellent in heat resistance and adhesion to both a polyethylene bag and a connector, and a medical infusion bag provided with the medical multilayer tube can be provided.
- 10 medical multilayer tube
- 11 outer layer
- 12 inner layer
- 13 adhesive layer
- 20 bag body
- 30 connector
- 100 medical infusion bag.
Abstract
Description
しかし、軟質ポリ塩化ビニルは主鎖中に塩素原子を含むため、廃棄焼却する際にダイオキシンが発生しやすいという問題を有する。また、軟質化させる目的で含まれるフタル酸ジオクチルなどのフタル酸エステル系の可塑剤は、輸液に溶出することがあり、これが環境ホルモンとされる懸念がある。
しかし、ポリプロピレンは耐熱性に優れるものの、低温環境下において非常に脆くなりやすい。従って、ポリプロピレン製の輸液バッグを低温環境下で使用した場合に、バッグが破れるなどといった、ポリプロピレンの乏しい耐寒性に起因した問題が発生している。また、ポリプロピレンには劣化を防ぐために抗酸化剤などの添加剤が含まれる場合が多い。そのため、ポリプロピレンの場合も、軟質ポリ塩化ビニルの場合と同様に、添加剤の輸液への溶出が懸念される。
しかし、一般的なポリエチレンは耐熱温度が110℃程度であり、ポリプロピレンに比べて耐熱性が低い。例えば、輸液バッグの場合、輸液を注入した後で121℃の高温にて滅菌処理されるため、ポリエチレンによりバッグを製造するには、ポリエチレンの耐熱性の向上が求められている。
近年、121℃の高圧蒸気滅菌処理に耐えうるポリエチレンが開発されてきており、輸液バッグの材料として注目されている。
輸液を注入した後は、メンブレンで液密を取ったツイフトオフスパイクポート等のコネクタを、チューブの先端に差し込むことにより、チューブに栓をしてから高圧蒸気滅菌処理する。また、点滴の際は、コネクタに輸液ライン先端のニードルを突刺して行うのが一般的である。
従って、高圧蒸気滅菌処理は輸液バッグのバッグ本体にチューブが溶着した状態で行われるため、チューブにも優れた耐熱性が求められる。加えて、バッグ本体とチューブ、およびチューブとコネクタの接触部分が、液漏れすることなく密着している必要がある。
また、特許文献2には、外層と中間層と内層を含む多層チューブが開示されている。具体的には、内層または外層が、ポリプロピレン、エチレンとアクリル酸エステルとのコポリマー、スチレン-エチレン-ブチレン-スチレンブロックコポリマーの三成分混合物85%と、エチレンとプロピレンとのコポリマー15%の組成物からなる多層チューブが例示されている。
また、特許文献2には、121℃の高圧蒸気滅菌処理に対する耐性を付与するための具体的な開示は一切なく、特許文献2に記載の多層チューブは121℃の高圧蒸気滅菌処理に対して満足する耐熱性を有さない。
従って、121℃の高圧蒸気滅菌処理に耐えるポリエチレンバッグに組み合わせるチューブには、優れた耐熱性に加えて、材質の異なる医療用具に対する密着性も要求されている。すなわちチューブには、ポリエチレンバッグと、ポリプロピレン製のコネクタの両方に対する密着性も求められている。
また、前記外層と内層との間に、接着樹脂からなる接着層が設けられるとよい。さらに、前記外層が、高密度ポリエチレンと接着樹脂を含む樹脂材料からなるとよい。
また、本発明の医療用輸液バッグは、ポリエチレンフィルムが袋状に成形された輸液を収容するバッグ本体と、前記バッグ本体の下部に溶着し、バッグ本体から輸液を排出するチューブポートとを具備する医療用輸液バッグであって、本発明の医療用多層チューブを前記チューブポートとして用いる。
図1に、本発明の医療用多層チューブの一例を示す。以下、本明細書において、医療用多層チューブを単に「チューブ」と省略する場合がある。チューブ10は、外層11と、内層12と、これらの層の間に設けられた接着層13とを有する。なお、図1においては、説明の便宜上、寸法比は実際のものと異なっている。
外層11は、ポリエチレンバッグ、すなわち後述するバッグ本体と接する層であり、高密度ポリエチレンを含む樹脂材料からなる。以下、前記樹脂材料を「外層用樹脂材料」という。
外層11が高密度ポリエチレンを含む外層用樹脂材料からなることで、121℃の高圧蒸気滅菌処理にも耐えうる耐熱性を有するチューブが得られる。また、ポリエチレンバッグと、ポリエチレンバックに接する外層11とが同じエチレン系の材質となるため、ポリエチレンバッグに対して容易に溶着でき、優れた密着性を有するチューブが得られる。
なお、外層用樹脂材料に接着樹脂を含有させる場合、高密度ポリエチレンと接着樹脂をペレットブレンドして外層用樹脂材料を調製してもよいが、成形機での混練が不十分である場合には、予め両者を押出機等によって溶融混練しておいてもよい。
上記樹脂の中でも、成形安定性に優れ、医療用途として好適であることから、前記エラストマー、前記エラストマー同士の混合物、ポリエチレンまたはポリプロピレンと前記エラストマーとの混合物、及びエチレン鎖を両末端に有するブロックコポリマーを用いることが好ましい。
接着樹脂の含有量の下限値については特に制限されないが、20質量%以上が好ましい。
内層12は、多層チューブの最も厚みの厚い主要な層であり、ツイストオフスパイクポート等のチューブに挿入して接続されるコネクタと接する層であり、2層構造のチューブの場合には外層以外の層、3層構造の場合は、外層、接着層以外の層をいう。また、内層12はランダムポリプロピレンおよび/またはブロックポリプロピレンを含む樹脂材料からなる。以下、前記樹脂材料を「内層用樹脂材料」という。
内層12がランダムポリプロピレンおよび/またはブロックポリプロピレンを含む内層用樹脂材料からなることで、ポリプロピレン製のコネクタと、コネクタに接する内層12とが同じプロピレン系の材質となるため、ポリプロピレン製コネクタに対して優れた密着性を有するチューブが得られる。
ランダムポリプロピレンとしては、エチレンの含有量が3質量%以上のランダムポリプロピレンを用いることが好ましく、エチレンの含有量が6質量%以上のランダムポリプロピレンを用いることがより好ましい。エチレンの含有量が3質量%未満であると、チューブとコネクタとの密着性が弱くなると共に、チューブの柔軟性が失われ、堅くなるという問題がある。エチレンの含有量の上限値については特に制限されないが、9質量%以下が好ましい。
他のオレフィンとしては、例えば1-ブテン、1-ペンテン、4-メチル-1-ペンテン、1-ヘキセンまたは1-オクテンなどが挙げられる。
一方、ランダムポリプロピレンは、ブロックポリプロピレンよりも輸液への溶出成分が少ない。従って、内層12をランダムポリプロピレンから形成すれば、耐薬品性にも優れ、安全性により優れたチューブ10が得られる。
内層12が多層構造である場合、上述した内層用樹脂材料からなる1つ以上の層が外層11側に、これとは別のポリプロピレンからなる層が接液側、すなわち最も内側になるような構成とするのが好ましい。
なお、内層12のうち接液側の層を形成するポリプロピレンとしては、目的に応じて次のような構成とすることができる。
耐薬品性を重視する場合には、輸液への溶出をより抑制できる点で、エラストマー成分を含まないランダムポリプロピレン、またはプロピレンの単独重合体であるホモポリプロピレンを用いるのが好ましい。ランダムプロピレンとしては、エチレンの含有量が3質量%以上のランダムポリプロピレンが好ましい。
コネクタとの接着性を重視する場合には、エラストマー成分を含むポリプロピレンを用いるのが好ましい。エラストマー成分を含むポリプロピレンとしては、例えば、ブロックポリプロピレン、ブロックポリプロピレンとエラストマー成分との混合物、およびランダムプロピレンとエラストマー成分との混合物などが挙げられる。また、エラストマー成分としては、ポリオレフィン系エラストマー、スチレン系エラストマー、および上記エラストマーの混合物などが挙げられる。特にブロックポリプロピレンとエラストマー成分との混合物は、ポリプロピレン製のコネクタだけでなく、ポリカーボネート製のコネクタとの接着性にも優れるため好ましい。
また、チューブ10が外層11と内層12とからなる場合、内層12のうち外層11と接する層は、上述したようにブロックポリプロピレンから形成されるのが好ましい。
接液側の層がランダムポリプロピレンまたはホモポリプロピレンの場合に、その層の厚さが50μm以下であれば、チューブ10の全体の柔軟性を良好に維持できる。特に、接液側の層の厚さが20μm以下であれば、チューブ10全体の柔軟性がより向上し、接液側の層の厚さが10μm以下であればチューブ10の全体の柔軟性を、接液側の層を含まないチューブの柔軟性と同程度まで向上させることができる。
接液側の層がエラストマー成分を含むポリプロピレンの場合には、その層の厚さが50μm以下であれば、チューブ10の全体の耐薬品性を著しく損なうことがない。特に、接液側の層の厚さが20μm以下であれば、チューブ10全体の耐薬品性をほとんど損なうことがなく、接液側の層の厚さが10μmであれば、チューブ10全体の耐薬品性を接液側の層がない場合とほとんど同じにすることができる。
接着層13は、外層11と内層12との間に設けられた層であり、両者を接着させる役割を果たす。
接着層13は接着樹脂からなる。接着層13を形成する接着樹脂としては、外層11の説明において先に例示した接着樹脂が挙げられる。中でも、チューブ10全体の柔軟性や、外層11と内層12との接着力に優れ、剥離強度が高くなることから、ポリプロピレンとエラストマーとの混合物、ブロックポリプロピレンとエラストマーとの混合物、無水マレイン酸変性ポリプロピレン、またはエチレン鎖を両末端に有するブロックコポリマーを用いることが好ましい。
本発明のチューブは、上述した各層が共押出法によって貼り合わされていることが好ましい。
なお、「共押出法」とは、複数の押出機により複数の樹脂材料を同時に押出して、ダイ内またはダイ外で複数の溶融樹脂層を管状に積層する方法を意味する。具体的には、外層用樹脂材料と、内層用樹脂材料と、必要に応じて接着層を形成する接着樹脂とを同時に押出して管状に積層させ、外層と内層とを有するチューブを得る。
加えて、外層はポリエチレンバッグと同じエチレン系の材質であり、内層はポリプロピレン製のコネクタ同じプロピレン系の材質である。従って、本発明のチューブは、材質の異なるポリエチレンバッグと、コネクタの両方に対する密着性に優れる。
図2に、本発明の医療用輸液バッグの一例を示す。以下、本明細書において、医療用輸液バッグを単に「輸液バッグ」と省略する場合がある。
輸液バッグ100は、輸液を収容するバッグ本体20と、バッグ本体20の下部に溶着された本発明のチューブ10とを具備している。
ポリエチレンフィルムとしては、多層の場合には、少なくともバッグ本体20の内層がポリエチレンからなる構造が挙げられる。具体的には、ポリエチレンフィルムとしては、内層が高密度ポリエチレンを含有する多層構造のポリエチレンフィルムが挙げられる。より具体的に、全ての層がポリエチレンからなる多層構造のポリエチレンフィルムとしては、例えば内層と中間層と外層とからなる3層構造のポリエチレンフィルムが挙げられる。具体的には、3層構造のポリエチレンフィルムとしては、内層および外層が高密度ポリエチレンからなり、中間層が直鎖状低密度ポリエチレンからなる3層フィルム;外層が低密度ポリエチレンと高密度ポリエチレンとの混合物からなり、中間層が直鎖状低密度ポリエチレンと高密度ポリエチレンとの混合物からなり、内層が高密度ポリエチレンからなる3層フィルムなどが挙げられる。
なお、チューブ10とバッグ本体20における密着性に関しては、溶着部分の剥離強度が10N/15mm、すなわち3.3N/5mm以上であれば、チューブ10とバッグ本体20とが密着しているといえる。さらに、溶着部分の剥離強度が30N/15mm、すなわち10N/5mm以上であるか、あるいは剥離試験において溶着部が剥離するのではなくフィルムの方が破断するならば、チューブ10とバッグ本体20とが強固に溶着しているといえる。
剥離強度は、JIS Z 0238に準拠して測定される値である。具体的には、23±2℃、相対湿度50±5%、剥離速度300mm/分の条件で測定される90度剥離強度である。
輸液バッグに輸液を注入した後は、例えば図3に示すように、2本のチューブ10のうち、一方のチューブ10aにはコネクタ30を差し込んで栓をし、他方のチューブ10bはその先端を熱シールにて押し潰して栓をして、その後で高圧蒸気滅菌処理する。
また、他方のチューブ10bの先端を熱シールするのに代えて、コネクタを差し込んで栓をしてもよい。
コネクタ30は、一般的にポリプロピレン製であり、耐熱性に優れる。従って高圧蒸気滅菌処理にも耐えることができる。
また、本発明のチューブ10は、コネクタ30と、コネクタ30に接するチューブ10の内層とが同じプロピレン系の材質である。よって、チューブ10とコネクタ30との密着性にも優れる。
ここで、各実施例および比較例で実施した評価方法を以下に示す。
(1)透明性の評価
チューブの透明性について以下のようにして評価した。
ヘイズがおよそ60%及び30%のポリエチレンフィルムを予め用意した。
高圧蒸気滅菌処理後のチューブを切り開いたものと、予め用意したポリエチレンフィルムとを目視で対比して、以下の基準で評価した。
透明:ヘイズ30%のポリエチレンフィルムより透明である。
半透明:ヘイズ30%のポリエチレンフィルムより不透明であるが、ヘイズ60%のポリエチレンフィルムより透明である。
不透明:ヘイズ60%のポリエチレンフィルムより不透明である。
チューブの耐熱性の評価として、高圧蒸気滅菌処理後のチューブの外観について目視にて観察し、以下の評価基準にて評価した。
良:チューブ表面が平滑であり、チューブが変形せず、かつバッグ本体からチューブがとり外れたり、チューブからコネクタがとり外れたりしていない。
不良:チューブ表面にしわや凹凸が発生し、チューブの変形が認められた。
・評価1:バッグ本体とチューブの密着性評価
バッグ本体のフィルムとチューブの溶着部分における剥離強度を測定した。
具体的には、高圧蒸気滅菌処理した後、バッグ本体とチューブの溶着部分をバッグの幅方向に幅5mmの短冊状に切り出し、JIS Z 0238に準拠して、23±2℃、相対湿度50±5%、剥離速度300mm/分の条件で剥離試験を行い、90度剥離強度を測定した。
また、剥離試験後のバッグ本体とチューブの状態を目視にて観察し、フィルムの方が破断している場合を「フィルム破断」、溶着部分が剥離している場合を「剥離」とした。「フィルム破段」とは、「剥離」よりも剥離強度が高いことを意味する。
コネクタをチューブ内面に密着するように差し込んで高圧蒸気滅菌処理した後、チューブからコネクタを捻って取り外す際の様子と、コネクタごとチューブを切断し、コネクタとチューブの密着部を剥離させた後のコネクタ側の剥離面の様子とから、次の評価基準にて評価した。
A:チューブからコネクタを取り外すことができない。剥離は凝集破壊であり剥離面上にはチューブ片が見られた。
B:チューブからコネクタを取り外すことができない。剥離は界面剥離であり剥離面は平滑であった。
C:チューブからコネクタを取り外すことができる。
チューブの柔軟性については、高圧蒸気滅菌処理後にチューブを手で曲げたときの感触で、「柔軟」または「固い」の2段階で評価した。
各実施例および比較例において、チューブの製造に用いた樹脂の物性等について、表1に示す。
なお、MFR(メルフローレート)は、JIS K7210に準拠し、ポリエチレンに関しては190℃、その他の樹脂に関しては230℃で、荷重21.18Nで測定した。
また、密度はJIS K 7112 D法に準拠して測定した。
また、Mw/Mnは、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーにより測定し、ポリスチレン換算で求めた。
また、「PPエラストマーブレンド」はブロックPP1を60質量%、エチレン-ブテン共重合体のオレフィン系エラストマーを20質量%、及びスチレン系エラストマーを20質量%混合した混合物である。「酸変性ポリプロピレン」は無水マレイン酸変性ポリプロピレン(三菱化学株式会社製、「ゼラスMC721AP」)である。「ブロック共重合体」はエチレン鎖-エチレン・ブチレン鎖-エチレン鎖構造のブロック共重合体(JSR株式会社製、「ダイナロン6200P」)である。
<チューブの製造>
表2に示すように、外層にHDPE1、内層にブロックPP1、接着層にPPエラストマーブレンドを用い、多層チューブ成形機(株式会社プラ技研製)により、外層と接着層と内層が順次積層した3層で、外径が8mm、内径が6mmのチューブを製造した。各層の厚さを測定したところ、外層が20μm、接着層が10μm、内層が970μmであり、チューブ壁の厚さが1mmであった。
まず、外層に低密度ポリエチレン(密度:0.928g/cm3)と高密度ポリエチレン(密度:0.956g/cm3)を7対3で混合した混合物、中間層に直鎖状低密度ポリエチレン(密度:0.908g/cm3)と高密度ポリエチレン(密度:0.956g/cm3)を8対2で混合した混合物、内層に高密度ポリエチレン(密度:0.956g/cm3)を用い、水冷式共押出多層インフレーション成形機により、外層と中間層と内層が順次積層した3層のポリチレンフィルムを製造した。各層の厚さを測定したところ、外層が25μm、中間層が215μm、内層が25μmであった。このポリエチレンフィルムを袋状になるように所定箇所をヒートシールして、バッグ本体を得た。
次に、得られたバッグ本体の下部に、2本のチューブをヒートシールにより溶着し、図2に示す輸液バッグを得た。
高圧蒸気減菌処理後のチューブについて、透明性、耐熱性、バッグ本体とチューブの密着性、チューブとコネクタの密着性、及び柔軟性について評価した。評価結果を表3に示す。
外層、内層、および接着層を構成する各樹脂の種類を表2に示すように変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、外層と接着層と内層が順次積層したチューブを製造した。得られたチューブを用いて輸液バッグを製造し、各評価を行った。結果を表3に示す。
なお、実施例4については、内層をブロックPP1からなる外層側の層(厚さ960μm)、およびPPエラストマーブレンドからなる接液側の層(厚さ10μm)より構成される2層構造とした。
外層を構成する樹脂として、HDPE1とブロック共重合体の50:50の混合物を用い、外層と内層との間に接着層を設けなかった以外は、実施例1と同様にして、外層と内層が積層した2層のチューブを製造し、得られたチューブを用いて輸液バッグを製造し、各評価を行った。結果を表3に示す。
コネクタとしてポリカーボネート製のツイフトオフスパイクポートを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして輸液バッグを製造し、各評価を行った。結果を表3に示す。
実施例4と同じチューブを用い、コネクタとしてポリカーボネート製のツイフトオフスパイクポートを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして輸液バッグを製造し、各評価を行った。結果を表3に示す。
ブロックポリプロピレンとしてブロックPP1を用い、多層チューブ成形機(株式会社プラ技研製)により、厚さ1mmの単層のチューブを製造した。
得られたチューブを用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして輸液バッグを製造し、各評価を行った。結果を表3に示す。
外層を構成する外層用樹脂材料としてLLDPEを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、外層と接着層と内層が順次積層したチューブを製造し、得られたチューブを用いて輸液バッグを製造し、各評価を行った。結果を表3に示す。
外層を構成する外層用樹脂材料としてLLDPEを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、外層と接着層と内層が順次積層したチューブを製造した。得られたチューブを用い、滅菌処理の温度を115℃に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして輸液バッグを製造し、各評価を行った。結果を表3に示す。
また、これらのチューブを備えた輸液バッグは、121℃で高圧蒸気滅菌処理してもバッグ本体とチューブの溶着部分の剥離強度が十分な値を示し、ポリエチレン製のバッグ本体とチューブが強固に密着していた。加えて、チューブが変形せず、かつバッグ本体からチューブがとり外れたり、チューブからコネクタがとり外れたりするようなことはなかった。
しかし、比較例1の輸液バッグは、バッグ本体とチューブの溶着部分の剥離強度が9N/5mmと低く、密着性が不十分であった。
しかし、比較例2の輸液バッグは、121℃で高圧蒸気滅菌処理するとチューブが変形した。この結果より、直鎖状低密度ポリエチレンからなる外層を備えたチューブは、耐熱性に劣ることが示された。また、高圧蒸気滅菌処理後のチューブは不透明であった。
しかし、比較例3の輸液バッグは、チューブからコネクタが外れやすく、チューブとコネクタの密着性が不十分であった。
Claims (5)
- 高密度ポリエチレンを含む樹脂材料からなる外層と、ランダムポリプロピレンおよび/またはブロックポリプロピレンを含む樹脂材料からなる内層とを有する医療用多層チューブ。
- 前記外層と内層との間に、接着樹脂からなる接着層が設けられた請求項1に記載の医療用多層チューブ。
- 前記外層が、高密度ポリエチレンと接着樹脂を含む樹脂材料からなる請求項1に記載の医療用多層チューブ。
- 前記外層が、高密度ポリエチレンと接着樹脂を含む樹脂材料からなる請求項2に記載の医療用多層チューブ。
- ポリエチレンフィルムが袋状に成形された輸液を収容するバッグ本体と、前記バッグ本体の下部に溶着し、バッグ本体から輸液を排出するチューブポートとを具備する医療用輸液バッグであって、
請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の医療用多層チューブを前記チューブポートとして用いた医療用輸液バッグ。
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