WO2012010766A1 - Paroi de séparation d'électrolytes pour le transfert sélectif de cations à travers la paroi, procédé de fabrication et procédé de transfert - Google Patents
Paroi de séparation d'électrolytes pour le transfert sélectif de cations à travers la paroi, procédé de fabrication et procédé de transfert Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012010766A1 WO2012010766A1 PCT/FR2011/051602 FR2011051602W WO2012010766A1 WO 2012010766 A1 WO2012010766 A1 WO 2012010766A1 FR 2011051602 W FR2011051602 W FR 2011051602W WO 2012010766 A1 WO2012010766 A1 WO 2012010766A1
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- wall
- transfer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/44—Fibrous material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/431—Inorganic material
- H01M50/434—Ceramics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/431—Inorganic material
- H01M50/434—Ceramics
- H01M50/437—Glass
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
- H01M50/491—Porosity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/46115—Electrolytic cell with membranes or diaphragms
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- Electrolytic separation wall for the selective transfer of cations through the wall, method of
- the invention relates to an electrolyte separation wall for the selective transfer of cations through the wall, a method of manufacturing said wall and a method of selectively transferring cations through said wall.
- the invention further relates to an electrolytic type process for transporting cations, through a suitable wall, from a first electrolyte solution containing one or more classes of ions of the same charge or charge, to a second electrolytic solution.
- x being a number typically ranging from 0 to 4.
- the transfer wall is placed between two compartments respectively comprising a platinum-plated electrode that operates in anode and a stainless steel electrode that operates as a cathode.
- the first compartment contains a first electrolyte which contains different cations of an effluent to be treated.
- the second compartment contains a second electrolyte for receiving the selected cations.
- the mobility of the metal cation in the Chevrel phase thus makes it possible to transfer the desolvated M n + cation from one medium to another without transferring any other chemical species from one or the other of the compartments.
- a transfer wall in the form of a pellet is obtained by hot sintering a mixture of powder of composition adapted to the stoichiometry of the desired material. This produces discs of active material with a thickness of 2 to 5 millimeters.
- lithium transfer could not be obtained with such walls.
- lithium is increasingly used industrially, especially for electric vehicle batteries.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide a selective transfer wall allowing a good transfer speed and with a wider choice of transferable cations.
- the invention relates to an electrolyte separation wall comprising a sealed active layer of a material capable of developing intercalation and deintercalation reactions for the selective transfer of cations through the wall, characterized in that it comprises a support layer made of a porous material serving as a support for the active layer.
- the inventors have succeeded in producing a wall with a porous support that provides mechanical strength and an active layer whose thickness can be very small. They found that the porous support did not interfere with the electrochemical reactions that occur at the level of the active layer. By decreasing the thickness of the active layer, the transfer speed reached is much greater than the speed limit according to the prior art, which is one of the objectives of the invention.
- the porous material is chosen for example from mullite, silica, fiberglass, quartz or a ceramic. These materials have the necessary qualities to fulfill the role of the wall, namely the mechanical strength, the resistance to the products contained in the electrolytes and the porosity.
- the porosity of the porous material is, for example, between 0.4 and 0.6. This value expresses the material ratio in relation to the volume occupied. It constitutes a good compromise between the volume of the electrolyte present in the porous support and the mechanical strength of said support.
- the material of the active layer is a binary or ternary material having a host array and having reversible cation-receiving properties according to a redox reaction.
- the inventors have found that the Chevrel phases are not the only materials that can develop intercalation / deintercalation reactions to form a selective transfer wall, but more generally host networks that are stable and where reaction reactions occur. redox.
- the material of the active layer is for example a metal chalcogenide.
- the metal chalcogenide is a molybdenum cluster chalcogenide (Mo n X n + 2 or M x Mo n X n + 2), X being a chalcogen selected from S (Sulfur), Se (Selenium) or Te (Tellurium), and M being a metal.
- the number n is chosen for example from 1; 1.5; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6 or 9.
- the material of the active layer is a lithium compound and a metal in the form of oxide, phosphate or fluoride or a combination of these forms, the metal being chosen from nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese, vanadium, titanium or chromium. It can be seen that these materials are capable of developing intercalation and deintercalation reactions, and of selectively transferring cations, in particular lithium.
- a solution comprising an active material in the form of a powder, a binder and a solvent is prepared, then the surface is coated with a support layer of porous material with the said solution and evaporating the solvent to form a sealed active layer on the support layer.
- the active layer obtained is tight, which ensures that the electrolytes do not mix when the wall separates them.
- the active layer is electrically conductive, showing that the grains are in contact with each other and allowing the oxidation-reduction reactions to develop over the entire surface of the layer. active.
- the layer obtained is very thin, in accordance with the objective initially set.
- the binder is, for example, polyvinylidene fluoride.
- the solvent is, for example, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.
- the powder material has for example a particle size of between 30 and 100 ⁇ m.
- the solution further comprises graphite powder. This makes it possible to complete the electrical conductivity of the active layer.
- the active layer is polished until the support layer appears through the active layer. This reduces the thickness of the active layer. Despite this decrease, the watertightness is preserved and the performance of the wall is not affected. There is an increase in the limit value of the electrical current density.
- the subject of the invention is also a process for the selective extraction of cations by electrochemical transfer, characterized in that a transfer wall as described above is used as electrolyte separation wall, and cation transfer is ensured through said electrolyte transfer wall.
- transfer wall by generating a potential difference between firstly the first electrolyte, and secondly the second electrolyte or said transfer wall, so as to cause intercalation of the cations in the transfer wall on the first side electrolyte, a diffusion of the cations in it, and their deintercalation in the second electrolyte.
- the electrolytes is non-aqueous.
- the electrolytes may be different between the compartments, in particular by differentiation of the nature of the base salts, by the level of acidity, by the presence of complexing agents, by the nature of the solvents, in particular organic or inorganic non-aqueous solvents such as, for example, DMSO , DMF, ionic liquids, solid electrolytes, etc.
- the transfer wall is electrically connected to a apparatus for measuring the potential between said wall and reference electrodes located respectively in each electrolyte and adjusting accordingly the potential applied between said electrolytes.
- the difference in potential is generated between the first electrolyte and the transfer wall, and the deintercalation of the cations on the side of the second electrolyte is a chemical deintercalation by a chemical oxidant in the second electrolyte.
- the transferred metal is electrodeposited on the cathode.
- at least two transfer walls of different nature separate the first compartment of respective compartments in parallel for selective transfers of different cations with specific intercalation modulated electrolyses on each of the transfer walls engaged. Transfers to separate compartments allow the specific simultaneous recovery of each of the metals, for example for a source solution containing Cobalt and Lithium ions using an active layer in MoeSs for the transfer of cobalt and a second in LiMr ⁇ C ⁇ selective transfer of lithium.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a transfer wall according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is an X-ray diffraction analysis graph of the porous material for the manufacture of a wall according to FIG. 1;
- Figures 3 and 4 are schematic views of a test fixture for checking the porosity or tightness of the wall of Figure 1;
- Figure 5 is a block diagram of the device, Figure 6 illustrates an arrangement using a plurality of compartments and serial transfer walls;
- Figure 7 illustrates an arrangement using multiple compartments and parallel transfer walls.
- a transfer wall in the form of a tablet 2 according to the invention is formed of a porous support 21 on which a thin active layer 22 is deposited.
- the manufacture of sealed pellets is carried out in a first phase of manufacture of the porous support 21, and a second phase of application of the active layer 22 on the support 21.
- the porous support 21 may be commercially available in mullite, quartz or ceramic.
- an embodiment is detailed below, which is derived from the protocol given by the article by Garcia-Gabaldon et al. on the production of ceramic membranes based on kaolin and alumina developing a flexible porosity for their application as separation membranes in electrochemistry: Effect of porosit on the effective electrical conductivity of different ceramic membranes used as separators in electrochemical reactors, Journal of Membranes Sciences 280 (2006) 536-544.
- the protocol is as follows: initially a mixture provided for 5 g of material consists of:
- Kaolin hydrated aluminum silicate Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4
- the mixture of the powders is homogenized in a porcelain mortar and then wetted with a minimum volume of acetone to avoid the formation of aggregates. This mixture is dried in the open air for 14 hours.
- the powder obtained is then regrinded manually with the mortar for 10 minutes and then by fraction of about 1 g, it is shaped into a pellet by pressing into a matrix of 25 mm diameter at a pressure of 2 tons for 5 min.
- the compacted pellets form a disc 1 mm thick.
- the samples are subjected to two successive heat treatments.
- a first heating at 300 ° C allows the air oxidation of potato starch. This organic binder is removed in 1 hour and thus creates porosity. An additional treatment at 1100 ° C for 8 to 24 hours ensures satisfactory mechanical strength. After this heat treatment, discs 24 mm in diameter and 1 mm in thickness are obtained. The surface is 4.5 cm 2 .
- the evaluation of the porosity of the pellet was tested using pH paper and nitric acid HNO 3 in the following manner shown in the diagram of FIG. 3: the turning of the pH paper made it possible to confirm a good porosity of the pellet.
- the porosity checks give average values of 0.553 by volume for initial contents of 10% of starch and 0.501 for contents of 5%.
- the second phase of the manufacture of the pellet consists in the physical coating of a face of the porous support 21.
- the coating is carried out with a Chevrel phase suspension, of formula ⁇ , with X being a chalcogen, in a volatile solvent.
- the working electrode is prepared from MoeSs or MoeSes pulverulent compounds which constitutes the active mass.
- the MoeSes phase results from a ceramic synthesis starting from the mixture Mo ° + 2 Mo S e2 homogenized and cold-pressed in a cylinder at a pressure of 250 MPa, carried out in a furnace crucible sealed with an arc furnace, under partial pressure of argon, then heated for 50h at 1300 ° C. The same sieving milling treatment at 50 ⁇ is also applied to this compound.
- the purity of the synthesized powders is verified by their X-ray diffraction pattern obtained on a diffractometer.
- the synthesis of the Chevrel phase based on sulfur is carried out via a ternary phase with an intermediate metal such as for example CU3M06 S 8.
- the synthesis of this ternary compound is carried out in a sealed silica ampoule at 1000 ° C. for 50 hours.
- the initial mixture consists of micrometric powders of Cu, M0 S 2 and Mo homogenized in a ball mill for 30 minutes and compressed under cold pressure of 250 MPa.
- the molybdenum powder is deoxidized under a stream of hydrogen at 1000 ° C. for 3 hours and the powder of MoS 2 is prepared in a sealed silica ampoule by progressive heating of the stoichiometric mixture of the elements. up to 800 ° C.
- the particle size of the powdered products involved is in a range of 30 to 100 micrometers.
- the MoeSes phase results from a ceramic synthesis starting from the homogenized Mo + 2MoSe 2 mixture and cold-pressed in a cylinder at a pressure of 250 MPa, carried out in a furnace sealed molybdenum crucible, under argon partial pressure, then heated for 50h at 1300 ° C.
- the purity of the reaction products obtained is verified by their X-ray diffraction pattern obtained on a diffractometer.
- Chevrel powder and 5% PVDF is formed in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, hereinafter referred to as NMP, at the rate of 0.1 g of the solid Mo 6 Xs phase, 0.005 g of PVDF dispersed in 1 mL of NMP. The whole is stirred for 2 hours.
- the wall is made with the active material a matrix corresponding to the general formula Li x M y O z , in which y and z are integers, for example non-limiting Li x CoO 2, LiMr ⁇ C ⁇ Li ⁇ Os, Li i02 or LiMn02- the active material may also comprise a mixture of metals M.
- the principle of development remains a coating of the porous support with a suspension of Li x M y O z.
- the coating solution is prepared from a Li x M y O z powder mixture which constitutes the active material at 80% by weight, of 10% PVDF which acts as a binder and a 10% carbon which ensures electrical conductivity.
- the mixture is homogenized intimately in a mortar.
- a suspension is carried out in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone with stirring for 2 hours at a rate of 0.2 grams of powder mixture per 1 ml of NMP.
- FIG. 5 shows a device for implementing a selective transfer method using transfer walls according to the invention.
- the device comprises a tank 1 having two compartments 11 and 12, adapted to receive an electrolyte and separated by a partition wall 13 in which is placed a transfer wall 2 consisting of a disc-shaped pellet 2, mounted in the partition 13 tightly.
- the device also comprises an anode A1 placed in the first compartment 11 and a cathode C2 placed in the second compartment 12.
- a potential difference ⁇ can be applied between the anode A1 and the cathode C2 by means known per se, in order to impose and control a current i between electrolytes E1 and E2.
- the active layer 22 is placed on the side of the first compartment 11, even if the system also functions when it is on the side of the second compartment 12.
- a spring loaded contact system 44 provides an electrical connection with the contour of the covered chip 2 graphite lacquer, and makes it possible to connect it to a control apparatus, adapted in particular for measuring the interface potential Eil, Ei2 of the wafer with respect to reference electrodes 33, 34 respectively arranged in each compartment 11, 12 of the tank 1, as illustrated in FIG.
- the implementation of the device is carried out typically as follows:
- the compartments 11 and 12 are filled with the desired electrolyte, for example, and in no way limiting, 100 ml Na 2 SO 4 0.5 M + M ( i) SO 4 as the first electrolyte El in the first compartment 11, and 100 ml Na 2 SO 4 0.5 M as the second electrolyte E 2 in the second compartment 12, with ⁇ ( ⁇ being one or more metal cations which it is desired to separate, the anode A1 being placed in the first compartment 11 and the cathode C2 in the second compartment 12, and the contact 44 of the pellet is connected to potentiometric control means, connected to the reference electrodes 33, 34 immersed in the electrolytes E1 and E2.
- the desired electrolyte for example, and in no way limiting, 100 ml Na 2 SO 4 0.5 M + M ( i) SO 4 as the first electrolyte El in the first compartment 11, and 100 ml Na 2 SO 4 0.5 M as the second electrolyte E 2 in the second compartment 12, with ⁇ ( ⁇ being one
- the mobility of the metal cation in the host network thus allows the transfer of the desolvated M n + cation from one medium to another without transfer of any other chemical species from one or the other of the compartments.
- the electrolytes placed in the two compartments 11, 12 comprising the anode A1 and the cathode C2 may be different, in particular by the nature of the base salts, by the level of acidity, by the presence of complexing agents, by the nature of the solvents, in particular organic or inorganic non-aqueous solvents (DMSO, DMF, ionic liquids, solid electrolytes, etc.). It is thus possible, for example, to carry out ionic transfer of a sulphate medium to a chloride medium without diffusion of said medium.
- DMSO organic or inorganic non-aqueous solvents
- the vessel has three compartments.
- the two end compartments 11 ', 12' are equivalent to the compartments 11 and 12 of the example shown in FIG. 1.
- An additional compartment 15 containing an electrolyte E3 is situated between the two compartments 11 'and 12' and separated therefrom. by partition walls 13 ', 13 "each having one or two transfer walls 2', 2" according to the invention.
- These transfer walls 2 ', 2 can be of the same kind, simply to increase the selectivity of the transfer from the compartment 11' to the compartment 12 '.They can also be of a different nature, and can be managed differently by a specific control of the For example, two types of cations can be transferred from the compartment 11 'to the compartment 15, and only one from the compartment 15 to the compartment 12.
- Various combinations of pellets may be applied between the various compartments, for example to effect a separation of different cations. and transfer parameters can thus be used to perform desired separations and various treatments.
- the intermediate electrolyte (s) E3 may also be identical or different from one or both electrolytes E1 or E2.
- the vessel has three compartments.
- the central compartment 11 is equivalent to the first compartment 11 of the example shown in FIG. 2.
- the left compartment 12 is equivalent to the second compartment 12 of the example shown in FIG. 2.
- An additional compartment 16 containing an electrolyte E3 is located to the right of the first compartment and separated from it by a partition wall 13 "'having one or more transfer walls 2"' according to the invention. These transfer walls 2 "'are different in nature depending on the partition wall 13, 13"', to selectively transfer a specific cation for each compartment.
- the first electrolyte El is a source solution containing cobalt and lithium ions.
- the first transfer wall 2, between the first and the second compartment 11 ", 12", has an active material M0 6 S 8 for the selective transfer of cobalt
- the second transfer wall 2 "', between the first and the third compartment 11 ', 16 has an active material LiMn 2 0 4 for the simultaneous selective transfer of lithium.
- the first compartment 11 has an anode A1" so as to create a transfer current between said anode Al "and a cathode C2" in the second compartment, and another transfer current between said anode Al "and a cathode C3 in the second compartment.
- a porous pellet 21 coated with an active layer 22 based on sulphurous Chevrel phase is used as transfer wall 2, as described above, in an arrangement according to FIG. 5.
- the transfer of cations between the first compartment 11 containing the first electrolyte El (0.1 M M 2+ cation solution in Na 2 S0 4 0 1 M medium, H 2 SO 4 0.1 M) and the second compartment 12 containing the second recovery electrolyte E 2 at 0, 1 M of Na 2 SC> 4, and 0.1 M of H 2 SO 4 was studied for the two types of pellets based respectively on MoeSs and MoeSes, and at different current densities.
- the study aimed to verify for different cations M n + the faradic yields of the transfers, to determine the boundary conditions for porous MoeSs and MoeSes pellets and to evaluate the current density limit.
- the transfer process is based on pre-conditioning with a quantity of intercalated cation estimated from the mass ⁇ ⁇ deposited for a stoichiometry of ⁇ ⁇ / 2 ⁇ 6 8 ⁇
- Tables 1 and 2 show the results obtained for an active material respectively MoeSs and MoeSes.
- the transfer rates in these seleniated phases are in the same order of magnitude as for the sulphide phase: ie 5.10 -2 mol / h / m 2 for 3.2 A / m 2 and 4 mol / h / m 2 for 70 A / m 2 only for Cd 2+ , Zn 2+ , Mn 2+ , Cu 2+ and In 3+ cations.
- the following tables 3 and 4 specify for each element the transfer rates for a current density of 70 A / m 2 .
- the first electrolyte E1 contains a mixture of cations of which only one type is transferred through the wall. Selectivity results from the fact that during the electrolysis operation, the voltage applied between the two faces active layer 22 only allows intercalation and deintercalation of one type of cation. To transfer the other cations, a higher potential should be applied, which is not the purpose of the process.
- the type of cation that is transferred has a minimum intercalation potential and a maximum deintercalation potential that is expressed relative to the reference potential given by a saturated calomel electrode (SCE).
- Transfer experiments have been performed for synthetic mixtures of cations such as: Co / Ni, Cd / Zn, Cd / Ni, Zn / Mn, Cd / Co, Co / Fe, Ni / Fe and Cd / Co / Ni.
- the selectivity of the transfer is expressed by a transfer selectivity rate of the cation M n + represented by the ratio M t n + / ⁇ Mi t n + the quantity of transferred cations M t n + for the species in question to the sum of the transferred cations of any species Mi t n + in compartment 2, for example Co t / (Co t + Ni t ) for the mixture Co 2+ + Ni 2+ .
- This ratio is therefore even closer to 100% that the selectivity is large and takes a value of 50% if no selectivity develops.
- Tables 5 and 6 summarize the selectivity levels obtained for the different mixtures with different current densities.
- the values indicated for the different current densities correspond to the average of the selectivity rates obtained every hour during the electrolysis of 1 to 7 hours.
- the selectivity rate depends on the current density.
- the selectivity is high for high current densities thus inducing high transfer rates.
- the nature of the active layer 22 of the wall plays an important role in selective cation transfer.
- the selectivity of the transfer of Cd 2+ or Zn 2+ in the presence of Ni 2+ is really improved up to 99% using a selenated matrix.
- the same observation can be made in the case of Cd 2+ in the Cd / Co mixture.
- the selectivity is not affected by the small thickness of the active layer 22.
- the active layer 22 is made of LiCoO 2 material with a thickness of about 80 ⁇ m. Such a material is exploited for example in the positive electrode of lithium ion batteries.
- the first electrolyte is an aqueous Li + solution at 1 M in Na 2 SC> 4 1M medium.
- the second electrolyte which serves as a recovery solution is an aqueous solution of Na 2 SC> 4 to 1M. The results are shown in Table 7.
- Example 8 This example is similar to Example 2, except that the second electrolyte which serves as a recovery solution is a solution of a propylene carbonate solvent and tetrabutyl ammonium perchlorate.
- the anode is in platinum titanium and the cathode in stainless steel. The results are shown in Table 8.
- the active layer is made of LiMn 2 0 4 material with a thickness of about 80 ⁇ m.
- the first electrolyte is an aqueous solution containing Li + (1M) and Co 2+ (0.5M) cations in sulfate medium.
- the second electrolyte that serves as a recovery solution is a solution of a 2 S0 4 at a concentration of 1M. The results are shown in Table 9.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2011281483A AU2011281483A1 (en) | 2010-07-23 | 2011-07-06 | Wall for separating electrolytes for the selective transfer of cations through the wall, and associated manufacturing method and transfer method |
| US13/811,434 US20130126354A1 (en) | 2010-07-23 | 2011-07-06 | Electrolyte separation wall for the selective transfer of cations through the wall, manufacturing process and transfer process |
| CN2011800361485A CN103153869A (zh) | 2010-07-23 | 2011-07-06 | 用于通过壁选择性传送阳离子的电解液分离壁、相关制造方法、和传送方法 |
| JP2013520178A JP2013539404A (ja) | 2010-07-23 | 2011-07-06 | 電解質分離壁 |
| EP11743300.3A EP2595922A1 (fr) | 2010-07-23 | 2011-07-06 | Paroi de séparation d'électrolytes pour le transfert sélectif de cations à travers la paroi, procédé de fabrication et procédé de transfert |
| CA2805998A CA2805998A1 (fr) | 2010-07-23 | 2011-07-06 | Paroi de separation d'electrolytes pour le transfert selectif de cations a travers la paroi, procede de fabrication et procede de transfert |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1056066 | 2010-07-23 | ||
| FR1056066A FR2963026B1 (fr) | 2010-07-23 | 2010-07-23 | Paroi de separation d'electrolytes pour le transfert selectif de cations a travers la paroi, procede de fabrication et procede de transfert. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2012010766A1 true WO2012010766A1 (fr) | 2012-01-26 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2011/051602 Ceased WO2012010766A1 (fr) | 2010-07-23 | 2011-07-06 | Paroi de séparation d'électrolytes pour le transfert sélectif de cations à travers la paroi, procédé de fabrication et procédé de transfert |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20130126354A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP2595922A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2013539404A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN103153869A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2011281483A1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2805998A1 (fr) |
| CL (1) | CL2013000160A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2963026B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2012010766A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3002527A1 (fr) * | 2013-02-26 | 2014-08-29 | Univ Lorraine | Paroi de separation d'electrolytes pour le transfert selectif de cations a travers la paroi et procede de fabrication de ladite paroi |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10695725B2 (en) | 2016-03-03 | 2020-06-30 | Enlighten Innovations Inc. | Intercalation membrane |
| WO2020254912A1 (fr) * | 2019-06-17 | 2020-12-24 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Ensembles membranes |
| CN116845479A (zh) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-10-03 | 河北金力新能源科技股份有限公司 | 具有低面密度高吸液保液性能涂布浆料及其制备方法和应用 |
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| US20060008700A1 (en) * | 2004-07-07 | 2006-01-12 | Yong Hyun H | Organic/inorganic composite porous film and electrochemical device prepared thereby |
| FR2918079A1 (fr) * | 2007-06-27 | 2009-01-02 | Univ Paul Verlaine | Procede et un dispositif d'extraction selective de cations par transfert electrochimique en solution et applications de ce procede. |
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| FR2703075B1 (fr) * | 1993-03-26 | 1995-06-16 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Procede de preparation de diaphragme microporeux. |
| JPH11312415A (ja) * | 1998-04-28 | 1999-11-09 | Kyocera Corp | 固体電解質 |
| CN1157817C (zh) * | 1999-08-14 | 2004-07-14 | 惠州Tcl金能电池有限公司 | 复合聚合物电解质膜及用此膜制造的锂电池 |
| EP1359636A1 (fr) * | 2001-09-03 | 2003-11-05 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Procede de fabrication de dispositif electrochimique |
| JP3702234B2 (ja) * | 2002-02-25 | 2005-10-05 | 西日本環境エネルギー株式会社 | ナトリウム溶液の電解装置及びそれを用いたナトリウム回収システム |
| JP5076134B2 (ja) * | 2004-06-08 | 2012-11-21 | 国立大学法人東京工業大学 | リチウム電池素子 |
| KR100749301B1 (ko) * | 2004-07-07 | 2007-08-14 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 신규 유/무기 복합 다공성 필름 및 이를 이용한 전기 화학소자 |
| JP2007335206A (ja) * | 2006-06-14 | 2007-12-27 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 双極型電池 |
| WO2008059987A1 (fr) * | 2006-11-14 | 2008-05-22 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Structure d'électrolyte solide pour un accumulateur entièrement électronique, accumulateur entièrement électronique et leurs procédés de production |
| AU2008236722A1 (en) * | 2007-04-03 | 2008-10-16 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Electrochemical process to recycle aqueous alkali chemicals using ceramic ion conducting solid membranes |
| JP2008285388A (ja) * | 2007-05-21 | 2008-11-27 | Toyota Motor Corp | リチウムイオン伝導性向上材 |
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2010
- 2010-07-23 FR FR1056066A patent/FR2963026B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2011
- 2011-07-06 CN CN2011800361485A patent/CN103153869A/zh active Pending
- 2011-07-06 CA CA2805998A patent/CA2805998A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2011-07-06 US US13/811,434 patent/US20130126354A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-07-06 JP JP2013520178A patent/JP2013539404A/ja active Pending
- 2011-07-06 EP EP11743300.3A patent/EP2595922A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-07-06 WO PCT/FR2011/051602 patent/WO2012010766A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2011-07-06 AU AU2011281483A patent/AU2011281483A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2013
- 2013-01-16 CL CL2013000160A patent/CL2013000160A1/es unknown
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| US20060008700A1 (en) * | 2004-07-07 | 2006-01-12 | Yong Hyun H | Organic/inorganic composite porous film and electrochemical device prepared thereby |
| FR2918079A1 (fr) * | 2007-06-27 | 2009-01-02 | Univ Paul Verlaine | Procede et un dispositif d'extraction selective de cations par transfert electrochimique en solution et applications de ce procede. |
| WO2009007598A1 (fr) | 2007-06-27 | 2009-01-15 | Universite Paul Verlaine | Procédé et un dispositif d'extraction sélective de cations par transfert électrochimique en solution, et applications de ce procédé. |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3002527A1 (fr) * | 2013-02-26 | 2014-08-29 | Univ Lorraine | Paroi de separation d'electrolytes pour le transfert selectif de cations a travers la paroi et procede de fabrication de ladite paroi |
| WO2014131586A1 (fr) | 2013-02-26 | 2014-09-04 | Universite De Lorraine | Paroi de separation d'electrolytes pour le transfert selectif de cations a travers la paroi et procede de fabrication de ladite paroi |
| CN105026319A (zh) * | 2013-02-26 | 2015-11-04 | 洛林大学 | 用于选择性传输阳离子通过薄膜的电解液分离薄膜及用于制造薄膜的工艺 |
| JP2016515037A (ja) * | 2013-02-26 | 2016-05-26 | ユニベルシテ ド ロレーヌUniversite De Lorraine | 膜貫通カチオン移動のための電解質分離膜、及び前記膜の製造方法 |
| CN105026319B (zh) * | 2013-02-26 | 2017-07-11 | 洛林大学 | 用于选择性传输阳离子通过薄膜的电解液分离薄膜及用于制造薄膜的工艺 |
| US9925495B2 (en) | 2013-02-26 | 2018-03-27 | Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique | Electrolyte-separating membrane for selective transfer of cations through the membrane and process for manufacturing said membrane |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2963026A1 (fr) | 2012-01-27 |
| US20130126354A1 (en) | 2013-05-23 |
| CL2013000160A1 (es) | 2013-08-23 |
| EP2595922A1 (fr) | 2013-05-29 |
| CA2805998A1 (fr) | 2012-01-26 |
| JP2013539404A (ja) | 2013-10-24 |
| FR2963026B1 (fr) | 2013-03-15 |
| AU2011281483A1 (en) | 2013-02-07 |
| CN103153869A (zh) | 2013-06-12 |
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