WO2012000149A1 - 用于高通量检测人类乳头瘤病毒的dna分子标签 - Google Patents

用于高通量检测人类乳头瘤病毒的dna分子标签 Download PDF

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WO2012000149A1
WO2012000149A1 PCT/CN2010/001812 CN2010001812W WO2012000149A1 WO 2012000149 A1 WO2012000149 A1 WO 2012000149A1 CN 2010001812 W CN2010001812 W CN 2010001812W WO 2012000149 A1 WO2012000149 A1 WO 2012000149A1
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seq
tag
sequencing
hpv
sequence
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易鑫
刘涛
徐佳佳
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BGI Shenzhen Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12QMEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
    • C12Q1/00Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
    • C12Q1/70Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving virus or bacteriophage
    • C12Q1/701Specific hybridization probes
    • C12Q1/708Specific hybridization probes for papilloma
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12QMEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
    • C12Q1/00Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
    • C12Q1/68Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
    • C12Q1/6869Methods for sequencing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for detecting human papilloma virus (HPV), in particular to a HPV detection method based on Solexa sequencing. Background technique
  • Cervical cancer is the second killer of female cancer in the world, second only to breast cancer. There are about 500,000 new cases and 250,000 deaths worldwide each year, of which 2/3 are in developing countries. China is a high-risk area for cervical cancer, accounting for 10% of the total number of cervical cancers worldwide.
  • HPV human papillomavirus
  • More than 100 HPVs have been shown to infect the skin (skin type) or the mucous membranes of the respiratory and anal genital tract (mucosal types), and more than 40 HPVs can infect the cervix.
  • HPV is classified into low-risk types (such as HPV6, 11, 42, 43 and 44) and high-risk types (such as HPV16, 18, 31, 33 and 45) based on induced benign, premalignant or malignant lesions. Therefore, early detection and correct typing of HPV infection is critical for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer.
  • HPV detection methods mainly include the following: 1 cytological examination, which uses cervical smear cytology or liquid-based thin-layer cytology to diagnose by the change of cell appearance. For HPV infection, hollowed out cells, poor keratosis, and underlying cells of the sputum are visible under the microscope. The limitation is that the diagnosis and the specificity of HPV infection are low. 2 Immunohistochemical method, which further clarifies HPV infection by detecting the capsid antigen of HPV, and the positive reaction obtained by the method is clearly defined and reliable. However, capsid antigens are produced only after HPV-DNA replication is matured, and therefore, subjects diagnosed as negative cannot be identified as not being infected by HPV, and the method is less sensitive.
  • FQ-PCR real-time fluorescence Quantitative PCR
  • HC- ⁇ system which is currently the only FDA-approved HPV DNA detection method for clinical use, and it has obtained European CE and Chinese SDA certification.
  • the method uses a dedicated specimen collection saver; a patented full-length 8000 bp RNA probe and a patented specific first antibody.
  • the principle is that the nucleic acid probe is hybridized to the HPV DNA of the test subject, and then detected by chemical fluorescence or enzymatic reaction by means of an amplified signal.
  • the nucleic acid probes used in this method are mainly divided into two types: nucleic acid probes for low-risk HPV and nucleic acid probes for high-risk HPV. This method can be used for initial screening of HPV, but it is not possible to determine the specific type of HPV and to determine multiple infections.
  • the combination of the above detection methods can improve the sensitivity of HPV detection and reduce the false negative rate of detection.
  • the combined cost of these methods is relatively high and generally only applies to HPV testing and cervical cancer screening in economically developed areas. For less economically developed regions, especially in mountainous areas and rural areas, the combined use of these test methods has significant limitations. Therefore, the development of a suitable, low-cost HPV detection method is an urgent problem to be solved.
  • the present invention has developed a novel HPV detection method and a kit for use based on Solexa sequencing and PCR index. Party according to the invention The method and kit not only enable high-throughput, low-cost detection of HPV, but also enable accurate typing of HPV. definition
  • PCR refers to the polymerase chain reaction.
  • So lexa sequencing refers to a new generation of DNA sequencing methods developed in recent years, also known as second generation sequencing. So lexa sequencing differs from traditional sequencing methods (eg, Sanger sequencing) in that it performs DNA sequence analysis using the principle of edge-to-edge sequencing. Sol exa sequencing has the following advantages: 1) low cost, only 1% of the cost of traditional sequencing; 2) high throughput, can simultaneously sequence multiple samples, and one time Solexa sequencing can generate about 50 billion (50G) base data; 3) high accuracy (higher than 98.4%), effectively solving the problem of reading polypoly repeats.
  • sequencing depth refers to the number of times a piece of DNA sequence is concentrated in the sequencing data.
  • the depth of sequencing can be calculated by dividing the amount of sequencing by the length of the genome, for example, the sequencing depth is 10, indicating that the entire genome has been tested 10 times.
  • Solexa sequencing is widely used. It can be used for genome sequencing, genotyping, genetic polymorphism research and more.
  • the method of the present invention uses So lexa sequencing to detect HPV: sequencing of HPV by sample to be analyzed, and then using the alignment procedures known in the art, such as BLAST and SOAP, to obtain the resulting sequencing results in the HPV database.
  • the reference sequences are aligned to achieve accurate typing of the HPV infected by the sample.
  • the HPV database used herein includes those known in the art.
  • a sequence of HPV type such as a public database, such as the NCBI database (ht tp: //www.ncb i.nlm. nih.gov/).
  • PCR index refers to a small base sequence added to the 5' end of a PCR primer. It can be used to label PCR products by PCR amplification to identify the template source of each PCR product in a mixture of PCR products from different template sources. By adding a tag to the 5' end of the primer, the PCR product can be labeled so that multiple different PCR products can be combined into one library for further analysis and processing. Each of the different PCR products in the library has a unique tag, which allows each of the different PCR products to be distinguished from one another by a unique tag in each PCR product.
  • PCR products with different labels from each sample can be mixed together to form a library, and then each PCR product in the library can be simultaneously sequenced using high-throughput So lexa sequencing. Finally, in the resulting sequencing data, the unique results can be used to map the sequencing results to individual PCR products (and thus sample templates).
  • the label may be introduced only in one primer of the primer pair used for PCR amplification, or may be introduced in both primers of the primer pair.
  • each PCR primer pair is combined with a pair of tags into a pair of tag primers, wherein the 5' ends of the forward and reverse PCR primers have a forward tag and a reverse tag, respectively.
  • the positive and negative labels and the forward and reverse primer sequences are corresponding, and the forward label and the reverse label may be the same or different.
  • the GC content of the tag sequence itself should be between 40-60%; 4) The sequence difference between tags should be greater than 4 bases; 5) The tag sequence should be avoided and used Sequencing primers with high similarity sequences; 6) When the tag sequence is added to the PCR amplification primers, PCR amplification primers should be avoided to form secondary structures such as hairpin structures and dimers.
  • index pr imer refers to a labeled primer comprising two portions, a label portion and a primer portion, wherein the label portion is used to label PCR in a PCR amplification reaction.
  • the product, and the primer portion is complementary to the template base, is used to amplify the template, and wherein the tag portion, optionally through the ligation sequence, is ligated to the 5' end of the primer portion.
  • the term "adapter” or “lbrary adapter” refers to a designed base sequence that can be ligated to an amplified PCR product in a library, thereby All amplified PCR products in the library can be sequenced by means of the linker, for example, using sequencing primers designed for the linker (without the use of specific sequencing primers designed for each PCR product).
  • the linker of the invention can be ligated to the PCR product by a "PCR- FREE" method.
  • PCR-FREE refers to the direct ligation of a linker to a PCR product without performing a PCR reaction, such as by ligation of a linker to a PCR product using DNA ligase.
  • the use of the PCR-Free method to construct a sequencing library is known to those skilled in the art, see, for example, Na ture Methods 6, 291-295 (2009).
  • the "PCR-FREE” method has no need to perform PCR for the entire process. Advantages: 1) reduced purification steps, reduced time and cost; 2) reduced non-specific amplification; 3) avoidance by PCR during construction of libraries containing many highly similar PCR products Errors, thereby improving the accuracy of the final sequencing results.
  • the methods and kits of the invention can utilize at least one linker.
  • Different linkers may share the same stretch of sequences (referred to herein as “sequencing sequences") and may further comprise different signature sequences such that different linkers may share the same primer (which is designed for the same sequencing sequence)
  • Sequencing is performed and the library of individual PCR products in a mixture of multiple libraries can be discerned using unique signature sequences, ie, further PCR-derived PCR products are further labeled.
  • one aspect of the invention provides a set of labels comprising at least 10, preferably at least 20, at least 30, at least 40, at least 50, at least 60, at least 70, at least 80, at least 90 Or 95 tags, and the tag has a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-95.
  • the set of tags comprises at least SEQ ID NO: 1-10, or SEQ ID NO: 11-20, or SEQ ID NO: 21-20, or SEQ ID NO: 31-40, or SEQ ID NO: 41-50, or SEQ ID NO: 51-60, or SEQ ID NO: 61-70, or SEQ ID NO: 71-80, or SEQ ID NO: 81-90, or SEQ ID NO: 91-95
  • the label of the invention is used for marking
  • the PCR primers shown in SEQ ID NO: 96-106 are used for high throughput HPV sequencing, detection or typing.
  • One aspect of the invention provides a tag primer set comprising 11 tag primers, the sequence of the tag primer comprising a tag sequence and a PCR primer sequence, and the tag sequence, optionally linked by a ligation sequence, The 5th end of the PCR primer sequence, wherein
  • the tag sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-95, and the tag sequences of each of the 11 tag primers in the tag primer set are the same, and
  • the tag primer set of the present invention amplifies at least 16 products of approximately 170 bp corresponding to a highly conserved DNA sequence in the most conserved gene region (L1 region) of the HPV genome. Therefore, the label primer set of the present invention can be used for accurate typing of HPV.
  • the set of label primers of the invention can be used for HPV sequencing, detection or typing, such that it can be used for medical purposes, such as diagnosing the presence of HPV and determining the type of HPV, and the like, as well as non-medical uses, such as constructing HPV. Database, identify new types and subtypes of HPV, study the regional characteristics of HPV type distribution, epidemiological studies and vaccine development.
  • the set of label primers of the invention can be used to prepare kits that can be used for HPV sequencing, detection or typing.
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a label primer set comprising at least 10, preferably at least 20, at least 30, at least 40, at least 50, at least 60, at least 70, at least 80 At least 90 or 95 of the label primer sets described above.
  • the label sequences used by each label primer set are different from each other.
  • the label sequence used in the label primer set comprises at least SEQ ID NO: 1-10, or SEQ ID NO: 11-20, or SEQ ID NO: 21-20, or SEQ ID NO: 31-40, or SEQ ID NO: 41-50, or SEQ ID NO: 51-60, or SEQ ID NO: 61-70, or SEQ ID NO: 71-80, or SEQ ID NO: 81-90, or the SEQ ID NO: 91-95, or any of them A combination of two or more, such as the tag sequence set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 1-95.
  • the tag primer set of the invention can be used for high throughput HPV sequencing, detection or typing so that it can be used for medical purposes, such as the diagnosis of large scale HPV related diseases and the precise typing of HPV ( Provide basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment options, etc., as well as non-medical uses, such as building HPV databases, identifying new types and subtypes of HPV, studying regional characteristics of HPV type distribution, epidemiological studies, and vaccine development.
  • the tag primer set of the invention can be used to prepare a kit that can be used for high throughput HPV sequencing, detection or typing.
  • kits comprising the label primer set or label primer set described above.
  • the kit of the invention further comprises at least one, preferably at least 2, at least 10, at least 20, at least 30, at least 40, at least 50, at least 100 or at least 200 linkers.
  • the linker is suitable for Solexa sequencing, for example it can be used to construct a sequencing library, for example the linker can have a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 121-132.
  • the sequencing library is constructed using a linker by a PCR-FREE method, such as the DNA ligase method.
  • the kit of the invention can be used for high throughput HPV sequencing, detection or typing, and as described above, it can be used for both medical and non-medical uses.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides methods for HPV sequencing, detection or typing of one or more samples. The method comprises the steps of amplifying DNA of each sample using a set of label primers or a set of label primers or kits as described above, followed by sequencing to obtain a sequence of the sample.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method for HPV sequencing, detection or typing of one or more samples comprising the steps of:
  • n samples are provided, n being an integer greater than or equal to 1, the sample preferably being from a mammal, more preferably a human, and preferably exfoliated cells; alternatively, the n samples to be analyzed are divided into m groups, m Is an integer and n > m > l ;
  • a sample primer set is used to amplify the DNA of the sample
  • the tag primer set comprises 11 tag primers, the sequence of the tag primer comprising a tag sequence and a PCR primer sequence, and the tag sequence, optionally linked by a ligation sequence, to the 5' end of the PCR primer sequence, among them
  • the tag sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-95, and the tag sequences of each of the 11 tag primers are the same, and
  • label primer sets used in different samples may be the same or different, and different label primer sets use different label sequences
  • step 2) mixing the amplification products obtained by amplification using different label primer sets in step 1) to obtain one or more PCR product libraries;
  • step 3 adding a linker to one or more PCR product libraries obtained in step 2) by a PCR-FREE method, such as DNA ligase method, thereby constructing one or more sequencing libraries, wherein the different sequencing libraries can be used with the linker.
  • a PCR-FREE method such as DNA ligase method
  • the same or different, and different linkers share the same sequencing sequence, but have different characteristic sequences
  • step 5 sequencing one or more sequencing libraries obtained in step 3) or one or more library mixtures obtained in step 4), respectively, using a second generation sequencing technique, preferably a Pair-End technique (eg Solexa, Illumina Hiseq) 2000) sequencing;
  • a Pair-End technique eg Solexa, Illumina Hiseq 2000
  • the sequencing result is in one-to-one correspondence with the sample; wherein the sample is preferably exfoliated cells, and JL is preferably derived from Animals, such as people.
  • the method of the invention uses at least 10, preferably at least 20, at least 30, at least 40, at least 50, at least 60, at least 70, at least 80, at least 90 or 95 One of the label primer sets described above.
  • the tag sequence used comprises at least SEQ ID NO: 1-10, or SEQ ID NO: 11-20, or SEQ ID NO: 21-20, or SEQ ID NO: 31-40, or SEQ ID NO : 41-50, or SEQ ID NO: 51-60, or SEQ ID NO: 61-70, or SEQ ID NO: 71-80, or SEQ ID NO: 81-90, or SEQ ID NO: 91-95
  • the method of the invention uses at least one, preferably at least 2, at least 10, at least 20, at least 30, at least 40, at least 50, at least 100 or At least 200 adaptors, for example, the adaptor can have a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 121-132.
  • the obtained sample sequence is compared to the sequence in the HPV database described above to perform accurate HP V typing of the sample.
  • the invention provides for the use of So lexa sequencing
  • the samples are preferably exfoliated cells, and preferably are derived from an animal, such as a human, the method comprising the steps of:
  • Second-generation sequencing technology preferably Pair-End technology (such as Solexa> Illumina Hiseq 2000) for sequencing; obtaining sequencing results of all samples;
  • DNA extraction is performed using methods well known to those skilled in the art.
  • automated DNA extractor and DNA extraction kits can be used for DNA extraction, such as the commercially available KingFier automatic extractor, such as the Thermo Scientific Kingfisher Flex automated magnetic bead extraction and purification system.
  • the primer set in 2b) comprises 11 primers, the sequences of which are set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 96-106, respectively.
  • the primer set consisting of these 11 primers amplified at least 16 products of approximately 170 bp, which correspond to a highly conserved DNA sequence in the most conserved gene region (L1 region) of the HPV genome. Therefore, accurate sequencing of HP V can be achieved by precisely sequencing the amplified product.
  • the number of labels designed in 2b) is at least 10, preferably at least 20, at least 30, at least 40, at least 50, at least 60, at least 70, at least 80. At least 90, or at least 100.
  • the tag may have a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-95.
  • the labels used between different sample groups may be the same or different.
  • the label introducing the forward primer may be the same as or different from the label introducing the reverse primer.
  • the tag designed in 2b) comprises at least SEQ ID NO: 1-10, or SEQ ID NO: 11-20, or SEQ ID NO: 21-20, or SEQ ID NO: 31-40 , or SEQ ID NO: 41-50, or SEQ ID NO: 51-60, or SEQ ID NO: 61-70, or SEQ ID NO: 71-80, or SEQ ID NO: 81-90, or SEQ ID NO : Labels shown in 91-95, or a combination of any two or more of them.
  • the label designed in 2b) is as set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 1-95.
  • the PCR product library is ligated using a PCR-FREE method, for example using DNA ligase.
  • a PCR-FREE method for example using DNA ligase.
  • the construction of the sequencing library must be done by the PCR-FREE method.
  • a sequencing library is constructed by ligating a linker to a PCR product using conventional pool ing PCR, the resulting library will contain a large number of products that are inconsistent with the original template, resulting in inability to accurately sequence the original template.
  • the number of linkers used is at least 1, preferably at least 2, at least 10, at least 20, at least 30, at least 40, at least 50, at least 100 or at least 200
  • the linker can have a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 121-132.
  • the linker is a commercially available link, such as the PCR-free Index Adapter 01 igo Mix available from I lumina.
  • the following PCR-free linkers (underlined portions are characteristic sequences of linkers) can also be used in the present invention.
  • PCR-free linker 1 ( SEQ ID NO: 121 ) : ATCACG
  • PCR-free linker 2 ( SEQ ID NO: 122 ) : CGATGT
  • PCR-free linker 3 ( SEQ ID NO: 123 ) : TTAGGC
  • PCR-free linker 4 ( SEQ ID NO: 124 ) : TGACCA
  • PCR-free linker 5 ( SEQ ID NO: 125 ) : ACAGTG 5-Phos/GATCGGAAGAGCACACGTCTGAACTCCAGTCACACAGTGATCTCGTATGCCGTCTTCTGC
  • PCR-free linker 6 ( SEQ ID NO: 126 ) : GCCAAT
  • PCR-free linker 7 ( SEQ ID NO:127 ) : CAGATC
  • PCR-free linker 8 ( SEQ ID NO:128 ) : ACTTGA
  • PCR-free linker 9 ( SEQ ID NO: 129 ) : GATCAG
  • PCR-free linker 10 SEQ ID NO: 130 : TAGCTT
  • PCR-free linker 11 SEQ ID NO: 131 : GGCTAC
  • PCR-free linker 12 ( SEQ ID NO: 132 ) : CTTGTA
  • the method of the invention performs a Solexa sequencing method using a Solexa sequencer (eg, an IUumina Genome Analyzer(R) x sequencer).
  • a Solexa sequencer eg, an IUumina Genome Analyzer(R) x sequencer.
  • the HPV database comprises sequences of HPV types known in the art, such as can be found, for example, in public databases, such as the NCBI database (ht tp: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) / ).
  • the sample may be a shedding cell.
  • the sample may be derived from an animal, preferably a mammal, more preferably a human.
  • novel HPV detection method of the present invention and the kit for use have the following advantageous aspects with respect to the prior art.
  • the present invention uses Solexa sequencing to perform sequencing, and the cost of sequencing is greatly reduced (only 1% of the conventional sequencing method), so that the cost of HPV detection is greatly reduced.
  • the use of the method of the present invention also facilitates the discovery of new HPV types, including new subtypes and variants of existing types, to provide more efficient and convenient tools for scientific research.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a PCR product labeled with a tag and a linker with a unique signature sequence.
  • a tag is introduced simultaneously across the PCR product of each sample by PCR; a plurality of PCR products with different tags are mixed together for construction of a sequencing library.
  • multiple sequencing libraries can be constructed when needed, wherein each sequencing library is labeled by using a linker having a different sequence of features.
  • multiple sequencing libraries labeled with linkers with different characteristic sequences can be mixed together and sequenced simultaneously using Solexa sequencing (labels used between different sequencing libraries can be the same or different).
  • the sequencing result can be matched with each sample one by one.
  • Figure 2 is an agarose gel electrophoresis pattern of a partial PCR product. It can be observed from the electropherogram that the size of the PCR product band is about 17 Obp. Among them, lane M is a 50 bp DNA ladder, and lanes 1-14 are PCR products of randomly selected HPV-positive samples. detailed description
  • Example 1 Sample extraction
  • DNA was extracted from exfoliated cells of 190 known HC- ⁇ results. Nucleic acid extraction was performed using the program "Bioeasy_200M l Blood DNA.KF. msz". At the end of the program, the eluted product (extracted DNA) of about ⁇ was obtained and used as a template for the next PCR amplification.
  • the 190 DNAs obtained in Example 1 were sequentially numbered 1-190 and divided into 2 groups (HPV-1 group: No. 1-95; HPV-2 group: No. 96-190).
  • Each label of the design was separately added to the 5' end of the sequence of each primer of the primer set, thereby obtaining 95 label primer sets, wherein each label primer set includes corresponding 6 positive label primers and 5 reversed Label primers, and different label primer sets use different labels (ie, 95 label primer sets correspond to 95 labels one by one).
  • Table 2 Sequence information for each primer of the primer set used to amplify HPV DNA without labeling.
  • F indicates the forward primer and R indicates the reverse primer.
  • the PCR reaction system is 25 ⁇ 1 and its composition is (all reagents are purchased from Enzyma tics
  • PCR products remaining in the HPV-1 and HPV-2 groups were each mixed in a 3 ml EP tube (also labeled as HPV-1 and HPV-2) and shaken together.
  • 500 ⁇ l of DNA was taken from each of the 2 tube mixtures and subjected to column purification using Qiagen DNA Purification kit according to the manufacturer's instructions to obtain 200 ⁇ l of DNA.
  • the DNA concentration of the purified mixture was determined to be 98 ng/ ⁇ (HPV-1 group) and 102 ng/ ⁇ (HPV-2 group) using Nanodrop 8000 (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
  • Example 4 Construction of Solexa Sequencing Library
  • the DNA end-repairing reaction of the purified two-tube DNA mixture obtained in Example 3 was carried out separately using a Thermomixer (Eppendorf).
  • the reaction system for the repair reaction was 10 ⁇ 1, and its composition was (all reagents were purchased from Enzyma t i c s company) ⁇
  • the reaction conditions are: 20, 30 minutes.
  • the recovered DNA was subjected to a V-terminal A reaction using a Thermomixer (Eppendorf).
  • the reaction system was 50 ul and its composition was (all reagents were purchased from Enzymatics): Reagent volume/reaction
  • reaction conditions are: 37'C, 30 minutes.
  • the product of the 3' end plus A reaction was purified and recovered using a MiniElute PCR Purification Kit (QIAGEN) according to the manufacturer's instructions.
  • the recovered product was dissolved in 20 ⁇ M of EB.
  • the reaction system for adding the Solexa linker was 50 ul and its composition was (all reagents were purchased from Illumina):
  • the reaction conditions were: 20 Torr, 15 minutes.
  • the reaction product was purified using Ampure Beads (Beckman Coulter Genomics) according to the manufacturer's instructions and the product was dissolved in 17 ⁇ l of deionized water.
  • the DNA concentration of the product was determined using an Agilent Bioanalyzer 2100 (Agilent) and real-time PCR (QPCR) with the following results:
  • the sequencing result was matched with each sample.
  • the sequencing results for each sample are then compared to the HPV database using alignment procedures known in the art, such as BLAST and S0AP, to achieve HPV detection and accurate typing of HPV.
  • the method of the present invention can also accurately classify HPV in a sample.

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Description

用于高通量检测人类乳头瘤病毒的 DNA分子标签 技术领域
本发明涉及人类乳头瘤病毒 ( Human Papi l loma virus , HPV ) 的检测方法, 特别是基于 Solexa测序法的 HPV检测方法。 背景技术
宫颈癌是世界上女性癌症的第二号杀手, 仅次于乳腺癌。 每 年全世界约有 50万新发病例, 25万死亡病例, 其中发展中国家 占 2/ 3。 我国是宫颈癌的高发区, 占全球宫颈癌总数的 10%。 研究 表明,人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV)与宫颈癌有着密切关系,是重要的致癌 因子, 同时也是引发宫颈癌的必要条件之一。 已经表明,超过 100 种的 HPV能够感染皮肤(皮肤类型) 或呼吸道和肛门生殖道的粘 膜(粘膜类型), 超过 40种的 HPV能够感染子宫颈。 基于诱导的 良性的, 恶化前的或恶性的病变, 将 HPV分别分为低危型 (例如 HPV6 , 11, 42 , 43 和 44 ) 和高危型 (例如 HPV16 , 18 , 31, 33 和 45 )。 因此, 对 HPV感染的及早发现和正确分型对宫颈癌防治 显得至关重要。
目前 HPV的检测方法主要有以下几种: ①细胞学检查, 其利 用宫颈刮片细胞学检查或液基薄层细胞学检查, 藉由细胞外观形 态的转变来加以诊断。 对于 HPV感染, 镜下可见挖空细胞、 角化不 良以及湿疣外底层细胞。其局限性在于, HPV感染的诊断的灵敏性 和特异性较低。 ②免疫组化方法, 其通过检测 HPV的衣壳抗原来进 一步明确 HPV感染,其所得的阳性反应定位明确,判断可靠。但是, 衣壳抗原仅在 HPV-DNA复制成熟后才产生, 因此,诊断为阴性的受 试者并不能被确定为不被 HPV感染, 该方法灵敏性较低。 ③实时荧 光定量 PCR法(FQ— PCR), 其主要是应用荧光检测 PCR仪, 在 PCR反 应体系中加入荧光基团,利用荧光信号积累对 PCR过程中每一个循 环产生的扩增产物进行实时监测, 从而对模板的初始浓度进行定 量。 此方法通量较低。 ④杂交捕获法(主要为 HC- Π系统) , 其是 目前唯一获得美国 FDA认证的可用于临床的 HPV DNA检测方法,并 且其已获得欧洲 CE及中国 SDA认证。该方法使用专用的标本釆集保 存器;已获得专利保护的全长 8000bp的 RNA探针以及已获得专利保 护的特异性第一抗体。其原理是将核酸探针杂交到受测检体的 HPV DNA上, 再通过化学荧光或酶反应借助增幅的信号进行检测。该方 法所使用的核酸探针主要分为两种:针对低危险型 HPV的核酸探针 和针对高危险型 HPV的核酸探针。 该方法可用于 HPV的初步筛检, 但是不能确定 HPV的特定类型, 也不能确定多重感染的情况。
将上述检测方法联合使用, 可以提高 HPV检测的灵敏性并降 低检测的假阴性率。 然而, 这些方法的组合成本相对较高, 一般 只适用于经济发达地区的 HPV检测和宫颈癌筛查。 对于经济较不 发达地区, 特别是在山区和广大农村地区, 上述检测方法的联合 使用存在着较大的局限性。 因此, 开发适合的、 低成本的 HPV检 测方法, 是亟待解决的问题。
另一方面, 目前已知的 HPV检测方法, 例如上文描述的那些 检测方法, 通量都较低。 当对大规模的样品进行 HPV检测时, 应 用上述方法是耗时耗力的, 并且成本高昂。 因此, 本领域迫切需 要新的高通量的、 低成本的 HPV检测方法。 发明内容
本发明基于 Solexa测序法以及 PCR标签( PCR index ) , 开 发了新型的 HPV检测方法以及用于此的试剂盒。 根据本发明的方 法和试剂盒不仅可以实现 HPV的高通量、 低成本检测, 而且可以 实现 HPV的精确分型。 定义
为了更好地理解本发明, 下面提供相关术语的定义和解释。 如本文中所使用的, 术语 "PCR" 是指聚合酶链式反应。
如本文中所使用的, 术语 "So lexa测序法" 是指近几年开发 的新一代 DNA测序法, 也称为第二代测序法。 So lexa测序法与传 统测序法(例如, Sanger测序法) 的不同之处在于, 其釆用边合 成边测序的原理进行 DNA序列分析。 Sol exa测序法具有下述优点: 1 )成本低, 仅为传统测序成本的 1%; 2 )通量高, 可以同时对多 个样品进行测序, 并且进行一次的 Solexa 测序法可以产生大约 500亿(50G )个碱基的数据; 3 )精确性高 (高于 98. 4% ) , 有效 的解决了多聚重复序列的读取问题。 另一方面, 高测序通量在进 行测序的序列的数目确定的情况下, 又反过来提高了序列的测序 深度(例如, 针对每个序列, 可以进行多次测序) , 从而确保了 测序结果的可靠性。 如本文所使用的, 术语 "测序深度" 是指一 段 DNA序列在测序数据中集中出现的次数。 测序深度可以通过将 测序量除以基因组长度来计算, 例如测序深度为 10, 表示测了 10 次的整个基因组。
Solexa测序法的应用十分广泛。 其可以用于基因组测序, 基 因分型,基因多态性研究等等。本发明的方法将 So lexa测序法用 于检测 HPV: 通过对待分析的样品进行针对 HPV的测序, 然后使 用本领域已知的比对程序, 例如 BLAST和 S0AP, 将所得的测序结 果与 HPV数据库中的参考序列进行比对, 从而实现对样品所感染 的 HPV的精确分型。 本文中使用的 HPV数据库包含本领域已知的 HPV类型的序列, 所述序列可见于例如公共数据库, 例如 NCBI数 据库 ( ht tp: //www. ncb i. nlm. nih. gov/ ) 。
如本文中可互换使用的, 术语 "PCR标签(PCR index ) " 、 "标签( index ) " 或 "引物标签 ( pr imer index ) " 是指添加在 PCR引物 5'末端的一小段碱基序列, 其通过 PCR扩增可以用于标 记 PCR产物, 从而辨别不同模板来源的 PCR产物的混合物中各个 PCR产物的模板来源。通过在引物的 5'末端添加标签,可以对 PCR 产物进行标记,从而可以将多个不同的 PCR产物混合成一个文库, 用于进一步的分析和处理。 文库中各个不同的 PCR产物各自具有 独特的标签, 从而根据各个 PCR产物中独特的标签, 可以将各个 不同的 PCR产物互相区分开来, 并将其与 PCR模板一一对应。
例如, 当需要对多个样品进行测序时, 可以在用于各个样品 的引物的 5'末端添加不同的标签, 然后用添加了标签的引物分别 对各个样品进行 PCR反应, 从而对各个样品 (即, PCR产物)进 行标记。 PCR反应后,可以将来自各个样品的带有不同标签的 PCR 产物混合在一起组成一个文库,然后应用高通量的 So lexa测序法 同时对文库中的各个 PCR产物进行测序。 最终, 在所得的测序数 据中, 通过独特的标签, 可以将测序结果与各个 PCR产物 (从而 样品模板) 一一对应。
可以仅在用于 PCR扩增的引物对的一条引物中引入标签, 也 可以在引物对的两条引物中都引入标签。 当在引物对的两条引物 中都引入标签时, 每个 PCR引物对与一对标签组合成一对标签引 物, 其中正向和反向 PCR引物的 5'端分别具有正向标签和反向标 签, 并且正反标签和正反引物序列是对应的, 且正向标签和反向 标签可以是相同的, 或不同的。
设计标签时需要考虑多种因素, 包括: 1 )标签序列中应当避 免 3个或 3个以上的单碱基重复序列; 2 )所有标签的同一位点中 碱基 A和碱基 C的总含量应在所有碱基含量的 30%-70°/。之间, 例 如, 当设计 100条不同的标签序列时, 每一条标签序列的第二个 碱基(即, 所谓的同一位点) 中 A和 C占该 100条序列第二个碱 基总量的 30%-70%; 3 )标签序列本身的 GC含量应在 40- 60%之间; 4 )标签之间的序列差异应大于 4个碱基; 5 )标签序列中应避免 出现与用于测序的引物相似度高的序列; 6 ) 当标签序列添加到 PCR扩增引物上后, 应避免 PCR扩增引物形成发卡结构和二聚体 等二级结构。
如本文中所使用的, 术语 "标签引物 ( index pr imer ) " 是 指带有标签的引物, 其包含 2个部分, 标签部分和引物部分, 其 中标签部分用于在 PCR扩增反应中标记 PCR产物, 而引物部分与 模板碱基互补配对, 用于扩增模板, 并且其中标签部分, 任选地 通过连接序列, 连接至引物部分的 5'端。
如本文中所使用的, 术语 "接头(adapter ) " 或 "文库接头 ( l ibrary adapter ) " 是指经设计的一段碱基序列, 其可以连接 至文库中的扩增后的 PCR产物上,从而文库中的所有扩增后的 PCR 产物都可以借助该接头进行测序, 例如, 使用针对该接头设计的 测序引物 (而无需使用针对各 PCR产物设计的特异性测序引物) 进行测序。 优选地, 本发明的接头可以通过 " PCR- FREE" 方法连 接至 PCR产物上。
如本文中所使用的, 术语 "PCR-FREE" 是指不进行 PCR反应 而直接将接头连接至 PCR产物上, 例如通过使用 DNA连接酶将接 头连接至 PCR产物上。利用 PCR-Free方法来构建测序文库是本领 域技术人员已知的, 参见例如, Na ture Methods 6, 291-295 (2009)。 "PCR-FREE" 方法由于整个过程无需进行 PCR而具有以 下有利方面: 1 )减少了纯化步骤, 降低了花费的时间和成本; 2 ) 减少了非特异性扩增; 3 )在含有许多序列高度相似的 PCR产物的 文库的构建过程中, 避免由 PCR引入错误, 从而提高最后的测序 结果的准确性。
如本文中所使用的, 本发明的方法和试剂盒可以使用至少 1 种接头。不同的接头可以共有相同的一段序列(在本文中称为 "测 序序列" ) , 并且可进一步包含不同的特征序列, 从而, 不同的 接头可以共用相同的引物 (其针对相同的测序序列进行设计) 进 行测序, 并且利用独特的特征序列可以辨别多个文库的混合物中 各个 PCR产物的文库来源, 即, 对不同文库来源的 PCR产物进行 进一步的标记。
将标签与具有不同特征序列的接头组合, 可以大大提高标记 的效率 (参见图 1 ) 。 例如, 使用 100种标签可以标记 100个样 品, 而使用 100种标签和 200种具有不同特征序列的接头, 可以 标记 100*200=20000个样品。 因此, 本发明的一个方面提供了一组标签, 其包含至少 10 种, 优选至少 20种、 至少 30种、 至少 40种、 至少 50种、 至少 60种、 至少 70种、 至少 80种、 至少 90种或 95种标签, 并且所 述标签具有选自 SEQ ID NO: 1-95的序列。 在一个优选实施方案 中, 该组标签至少包括 SEQ ID NO: 1-10 , 或 SEQ ID NO: 11-20, 或 SEQ ID NO: 21-20, 或 SEQ ID NO: 31-40, 或 SEQ ID NO: 41-50, 或 SEQ ID NO: 51-60, 或 SEQ ID NO: 61-70, 或 SEQ ID NO: 71-80, 或 SEQ ID NO: 81-90, 或 SEQ ID NO: 91-95所示的标签, 或者 其任何两个或者多个的组合, 例如 SEQ ID N0: 1-95所示的标签。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中, 本发明的标签用于标记 SEQ ID NO: 96-106所示的 PCR 引物, 从而用于进行高通量 HPV 测序、 检测或分型。
本发明的一个方面提供了一种标签引物组,其包含 11种标签 引物, 所述标签引物的序列包含标签序列和 PCR引物序列, 并且 所述标签序列, 任选地通过连接序列, 连接至所述 PCR引物序列 的 5,端, 其中
1 ) 所述标签序列选自 SEQ ID NO: 1-95 , 且标签引物组中的 11种标签引物的每一种的标签序列都相同,和
2 ) 所述 11种标签引物的 PCR引物序列分别如 SEQ ID NO: 96-106所示。
本发明的标签引物组可扩增出至少 16种大约 170bp的产物, 其对应于 HPV基因组中最为保守的基因区(L1区)中的一段高度 保守的 DNA序列。 因此, 本发明的标签引物组可用于 HPV的精确 分型。
在一个优选实施方案中, 本发明的标签引物组可用于 HPV测 序、 检测或分型, 从而其可用于医疗用途, 例如诊断 HPV的存在 和确定 HPV的类型等, 以及非医疗用途, 例如构建 HPV数据库, 鉴定 HPV的新的类型和亚型, 研究 HPV类型分布的地域性特点, 流行病学研究和疫苗研制等。 在另一个优选实施方案中, 本发明 的标签引物组可用于制备试剂盒, 所述试剂盒可用于 HPV测序、 检测或分型。
本^明的另一个方面提供了一种标签引物套组, 其包含至少 10个, 优选至少 20个、 至少 30个、 至少 40个、 至少 50个、 至 少 60个、 至少 70个、 至少 80个、 至少 90个或 95个上文描述的 标签引物组。 优选地, 标签引物套组中, 各个标签引物组所使用 的标签序列互不相同。 更优选, 标签引物套组中所使用的标签序 列至少包括 SEQ ID NO: 1-10, 或 SEQ ID NO: 11-20 , 或 SEQ ID NO: 21-20, 或 SEQ ID NO: 31-40, 或 SEQ ID NO: 41-50, 或 SEQ ID NO: 51-60, 或 SEQ ID NO: 61-70, 或 SEQ ID NO: 71-80, 或 SEQ ID NO: 81-90, 或 SEQ ID NO: 91-95所示的标签序列, 或者它们任何两个或者多个的组合, 例如 SEQ ID NO: 1-95所示 的标签序列。
在一个优选实施方案中, 本发明的标签引物套组可用于高通 量 HPV测序、 检测或分型, 从而其可用于医疗用途, 例如大规模 的 HPV相关疾病的诊断和 HPV的精确分型 (为临床诊断和治疗方 案选择提供依据) 等, 以及非医疗用途, 例如构建 HPV数据库, 鉴定 HPV的新的类型和亚型, 研究 HPV类型分布的地域性特点, 流行病学研究和疫苗研制等。 在另一个优选实施方案中, 本发明 的标签引物套组可用于制备试剂盒, 所述试剂盒可用于高通量 HPV测序、 检测或分型。
本发明的另一个方面提供了一种试剂盒, 其包含上文描述的 标签引物组或标签引物套组。 优选, 本发明的试剂盒还包含至少 1种, 优选至少 2种、 至少 10种、 至少 20种、 至少 30种、 至少 40种、 至少 50种、 至少 100种或至少 200种接头。 在一个优选 实施方案中, 所述接头适用于 Solexa测序法,例如其可用于构建 测序文库,例如所述接头可具有选自 SEQ ID N0: 121-132的序列。 在一个优选实施方案中,通过 PCR-FREE方法,例如 DNA连接酶法, 使用接头来构建测序文库。
在一个优选实施方案中, 本发明的试剂盒可用于高通量 HPV 测序、 检测或分型, 并且如上所述, 其可用于医疗用途和非医疗 用途。 本发明的另一个方面提供了用于对一个或多个样品进行 HPV 测序、 检测或分型的方法。 所述方法包括使用上文描述的标签引 物组或标签引物套组或试剂盒对各个样品的 DNA进行扩增, 然后 进行测序以获得样品的序列的步骤。
本发明的另一个方面提供了用于对一个或多个样品进行 HPV 测序、 检测或分型的方法, 其包括下列步骤:
提供 n个样品, n为大于等于 1的整数, 所述样品优选地来自 哺乳动物, 更优选是人, 且优选是脱落细胞; 可选地, 将待分析 的 n个样品分成 m个小组, m为整数且 n > m > l ;
1 )对于每一个样品, 使用一个标签引物组对样品的 DNA进行 扩增, 其中
所述标签引物组包含 11种标签引物,所述标签引物的序列包 含标签序列和 PCR引物序列, 并且所述标签序列, 任选地通过连 接序列, 连接至所述 PCR引物序列的 5'端, 其中
i ) 所述标签序列选自 SEQ ID NO: 1-95 , 并且所述 11 种标签引物的每一种的标签序列都相同, 和
i i ) 所述 11种标签引物的 PCR引物序列分别如 SEQ ID
NO: 96-106所示,
其中, 不同的样品使用的标签引物组可以相同或者不同, 并 且不同的标签引物组使用不同的标签序列;
2 )将步骤 1 )中的使用不同标签引物组进行扩增所获得的扩 增产物混合在一起, 得到一个或多个 PCR产物文库;
3 ) 通过 PCR-FREE方法, 例如 DNA连接酶法给步骤 2 ) 中获 得的一个或多个 PCR产物文库分别添加接头, 从而构建一个或多 个测序文库, 其中不同的测序文库所使用的接头可以相同或者不 同,且不同的接头共有相同的测序序列,但具有不同的特征序列; 4 )任选地, 将步骤 3 ) 中获得的使用不同接头的测序文库混 合在一起, 得到一个或多个文库混合物;
5 )对步骤 3 ) 中获得的一个或多个测序文库或步骤 4 ) 中获 得的一个或多个文库混合物分别进行测序, 其中利用二代测序技 术, 优选 Pair-End技术(例如 Solexa、 Illumina Hiseq 2000 )进行 测序;
6 )才艮据标签引物组的标签引物序列,或者根据标签引物组的 标签引物序列以及接头的特征序列,将测序结果与样品一一对应; 其中所述样品优选是脱落细胞, JL优选来源于动物, 例如人。 在优选的实施方案中,本发明的方法使用至少 10个,优选至 少 20个、 至少 30个、 至少 40个、 至少 50个、 至少 60个、 至少 70个、 至少 80个、 至少 90个或 95个上文描述的标签引物组。 进一步优选地, 所使用的标签序列至少包括 SEQ ID NO: 1-10, 或 SEQ ID NO: 11-20, 或 SEQ ID NO: 21-20 , 或 SEQ ID NO: 31-40, 或 SEQ ID NO: 41-50, 或 SEQ ID NO: 51-60, 或 SEQ ID NO: 61-70, 或 SEQ ID NO: 71-80, 或 SEQ ID NO: 81-90 , 或 SEQ ID NO: 91-95 所示的标签序列,或者它们任何两个或者多个的组合,例如 SEQ ID NO: 1-95所示的标签序列。
在本发明的方法的一个优选实施方案中, 本发明的方法使用 至少 1种, 优选至少 2种、 至少 10种、 至少 20种、 至少 30种、 至少 40种、 至少 50种、 至少 100种或至少 200种接头, 例如所 述接头可具有选自 SEQ ID NO: 121-132的序列。
在本发明的方法的一个优选实施方案中, 在测序后, 将获得 的样品序列与上文描述的 HPV数据库中的序列进行对比, 从而对 样品进行 HP V精确分型。
在本发明的另一个方面,本发明基于 So lexa测序法提供了用 于对多个样品进行高通量 HPV测序、 检测或分型的方法, 所述样 品优选是脱落细胞, 且优选来源于动物, 例如人, 所述方法包括 下列步骤:
1 )将待分析的样品分成 m个小组, m为 > 1的整数;
2 )对每个样品小组进行如下步骤:
2a )从待分析的样品中提取 DNA;
2b )根据用于扩增 HPV DM的引物组中的所有引物的序列, 设计一套标签, 标签的个数 n等于该样品小组的样品数目;
2c )将 2b )中设计的每一个标签分别添加至引物组的所有正 向引物或所有反向引物或所有引物的序列的 5'末端, 从而提供 n 个标签引物组;
2d )使用 2c ) 中提供的标签引物组对 2a ) 中获得的样品 DNA 进行 PCR扩增, 从而提供 PCR产物, 其中针对每个样品 DM, 使 用不同的标签引物组; 和
2e )将 2d ) 中的所有 PCR产物混合在一起, 获得 PCR产物文 库;
3 )给 2 ) 中得到的 PCR产物文库加上接头, 其中各个 PCR产 物文库使用不同的接头, 从而构建 m个测序文库, 其中各个接头 共有相同的测序序列, 而具有互不相同的特征序列;
4 )将 m 个测序文库混合在一起, 利用二代测序技术, 优选 Pair-End技术 (例如 Solexa> Illumina Hiseq 2000 )进行测序; 得 到所有样品的测序结果;
5 )根据测序结果中的接头的特征序列、标签的序列以及引物 的序列, 将获得的测序结果与样品一一对应; 和任选地, 将每个 样品的测序结果与 HPV数据库进行比对, 从而实现 HPV测序、 检 测或分型。 在一个优选实施方案中, 使用本领域技术人员熟知的方法进 行 DNA提取。 例如, 可以使用自动化的 DNA提取仪和 DNA提取试 剂盒进行 DNA提取, 例如可商购获得的 KingFi sher 自动提取仪, 例如美国 Thermo Scientific Kingfisher Flex全自动磁珠提取纯化 系统。
在一个优选的实施方案中, 2b)中的引物组包含 11条引物, 其序列分别如 SEQ ID NO: 96-106所示。 这 11条引物组成的引物 组可扩增出至少 16种大约 170bp的产物,其对应于 HPV基因组中 最为保守的基因区(L1区)中的一段高度保守的 DNA序列。 因此, 通过对该扩增产物进行精确测序, 可以实现 HP V的精确分型。
在又一个优选的实施方案中, 2b ) 中设计的标签的个数为至 少 10个, 优选至少 20个, 至少 30个, 至少 40个, 至少 50个, 至少 60个, 至少 70个, 至少 80个, 至少 90个, 或至少 100个。 优选, 标签可具有选自 SEQ ID NO: 1-95的序列。 在优选的实施 方案中, 不同样品小组之间的所使用的标签可以相同或者不同。 在优选的实施方案中, 引入正向引物的标签与引入反向引物的标 签可以相同或者不同。 在特别优选的实施方案中, 2b ) 中设计的 标签至少包括 SEQ ID NO: 1-10 , 或 SEQ ID NO: 11-20, 或 SEQ ID NO: 21-20, 或 SEQ ID NO: 31-40 , 或 SEQ ID NO: 41-50, 或 SEQ ID NO: 51-60, 或 SEQ ID NO: 61-70, 或 SEQ ID NO: 71-80, 或 SEQ ID NO: 81-90 , 或 SEQ ID NO: 91-95所示的标签, 或者 它们任何两个或者多个的組合。 在特别优选的实施方案中, 2b ) 中设计的标签如 SEQ ID NO: 1-95所示。
在一个优选的实施方案中,使用 PCR-FREE方法,给 PCR产物 文库加上接头, 例如使用 DNA连接酶。 特别地, 在本发明的方法 中, 由于不同 HPV类型之间的 DNA序列高度相似, 因此, 本发明 的测序文库的构建必须通过 PCR-FREE方法来完成。相反,如果通 过采用常规的 pool ing PCR将接头连接至 PCR产物上来构建测序 文库,那么所得到的文库中将含有大量的与原模板不一致的产物, 导致不能对原模板进行准确测序。 在一个优选的实施方案中, 使 用的接头的数目为至少 1种, 优选至少 2种、 至少 10种、 至少 20种、 至少 30种、 至少 40种、 至少 50种、 至少 100种或至少 200种, 例如所述接头可具有选自 SEQ ID NO: 121-132的序列。
在本发明的方法的优选实施方案中, 接头是可商购获得的接 头, 例如可购自 I I lumina公司的 PCR- free Index Adapter 01 igo Mix。 在另外的实施方案中, 本发明也可使用下列 PCR-free接头 (下划线部分为接头的特征序列) 。
PCR-free接头 1 ( SEQ ID NO: 121 ) : ATCACG
5-Phos/GATCGGAAGAGCACACGTCTGAACTCCAGTCACATCACGATCTCGTATGCCGTCTTCTGC
TTG
PCR-free接头 2 ( SEQ ID NO:122 ) : CGATGT
5-Phos/GATCGGAAGAGCACACGTCTGAACTCCAGTCACCGATGTATCTCGTATGCCGTCTTCTGC
TTG
PCR-free接头 3 ( SEQ ID NO:123 ) : TTAGGC
5-Phos/GATCGGAAGAGCACACGTCTGAACTCCAGTCACTTAGGCATCTCGTATGCCGTCTTCTGC
TTG
PCR-free接头 4 ( SEQ ID NO: 124 ) : TGACCA
TTG
PCR-free接头 5 ( SEQ ID NO:125 ) : ACAGTG 5-Phos/GATCGGAAGAGCACACGTCTGAACTCCAGTCACACAGTGATCTCGTATGCCGTCTTCTGC
TTG
PCR-free接头 6 ( SEQ ID NO:126 ) : GCCAAT
5-Phos/GATCGGAAGAGCACACGTCTGAACTCCAGTCACGCCAATATCTCGTATGCCGTCTTCTGC
TTG
PCR-free接头 7 ( SEQ ID NO:127 ) : CAGATC
5-Phos/GATCGGAAGAGCACACGTCTGAACTCCAGTCACCAGATCATCTCGTATGCCGTCTTCTGC
TTG
PCR-free接头 8 ( SEQ ID NO:128 ) : ACTTGA
TTG
PCR-free接头 9 ( SEQ ID NO:129 ) : GATCAG
5-Phos/GATCGGAAGAGCACACGTCTGAACTCCAGTCACGATCAGATCTCGTATGCCGTCTTCTGC
TTG
PCR-free接头 10 ( SEQ ID NO:130 ) : TAGCTT
5-Phos/GATCGGAAGAGCACACGTCTGAACTCCAGTCACTAGCTTATCTCGTATGCCGTCTTCTGC
TTG
PCR-free接头 11 ( SEQ ID NO:131 ) : GGCTAC
TTG
PCR-free接头 12 ( SEQ ID NO: 132 ) : CTTGTA
TG 在一个优选的实施方案中,本发明的方法使用 Solexa测序仪 (例如, IUumina Genome Analyzer Π x测序仪) 进行 Solexa测 序法。 在另外的优选的实施方案中, HPV 数据库包含本领域已知 的 HPV类型的序列, 所述序列例如可见于例如公共数据库, 例如 NCBI数据库 ( ht tp: //www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/ ) 。
在本发明的方法的一个优选实施方案中, 样品可以是脱落细 胞。 在另一个优选实施方案中, 样品可以来源于动物, 优选哺乳 动物, 更优选人。 发明的有益效果
本发明的新型的 HPV检测方法和用于此的试剂盒相对于现有 技术具有以下有利方面。
1 )高通量。 通过使用标签与具有不同特征序列的接头, 进行 一次本发明的方法, 可检测甚至 10000份样品, 从而本发明的方 法可以广泛用于疾病普查工作, 成为早期诊断疾病的有效手段。
2 )低成本。 本发明釆用 Solexa测序法进行测序, 测序成本 大大降低(仅为常规测序法的 1% ) ,从而 HPV检测成本大大降低。
3 )可对 HPV进行精确分型。 通过使用多条引物(例如本发明 的 6条正向引物和 5条反向引物) 进行扩增, 并将扩增产物的序 列信息与 HPV数据库进行比对, 可以精确地确定 HPV的类型, 从 而为临床诊断和治疗方案选择提供依据。
另外, 使用本发明的方法还有利于发现新的 HPV类型, 包括 已有的类型中的新的亚型和变异体, 为科学研究提供更有效和方 便的工具。
下面将结合附图和实施例对本发明的实施方案进行详细描 述, 但是本领域技术人员将理解, 下列附图和实施例仅用于说明 本发明, 而不是对本发明的范围的限定。 根据附图和优选实施方 案的下列详细描述, 本发明的各种目的和有利方面对于本领域技 术人员来说将变得显然。 附图说明
图 1为经标签和具有独特的特征序列的接头标记后的 PCR产 物的示意图。 在本发明的示例性方法中, 通过 PCR在每个样品的 PCR产物两端同时引入标签; 把多个带有不同标签的 PCR产物混 合在一起, 用于构建测序文库。 在测序文库的构建过程中, 当需 要时, 可以构建多个测序文库时, 其中通过使用具有不同特征序 列的接头, 来标记各个测序文库。 文库构建完毕后, 经具有不同 特征序列的接头标记的多个测序文库可以混合在一起, 并用 Solexa测序法进行同时测序(不同的测序文库之间所使用的标签 可以相同或不同) 。 最后, 根据测序结果中的接头的特征序列和 标签的序列信息, 可将测序结果与每个样品一一对应。
图 2为部分 PCR产物的琼脂糖凝胶电泳图。 从电泳图上可观 察到, PCR产物条带的大小为约 17 Obp。其中,泳道 M是 50bp DNA 分子梯, 泳道 1-14为随机挑选的 HPV阳性样本的 PCR产物。 具体实施方式
采用本发明的方法,对 190份已知 HC- Π结果的样品进行 HP V 基因分型, 结果发现: 采用本发明的方法所得的结果不仅与已知 的 HC- Π结果一致, 而且实现了对 HPV的精确分型。
实施例 1 : 样品提取
根据厂商的说明书, 使用 KingFi sher 自动提取仪 (美国 Thermo Scientific Kingfisher Flex全自动磁珠提取纯化系统)从
190 份已知 HC- Π结果的脱落细胞中提取 DNA。 使用程序 "Bioeasy_200M l Blood DNA.KF. msz" , 进行核酸提取。 程序结 束后, 获得 Ι ΟΟμ Ι左右的洗脱产物 (提取的 DNA ) , 用作下一步 PCR扩增中的模板。
实施例 2: PCR扩增
把实施例 1 中获得的 190份 DNA依次编号为 1-190, 并平均 分为 2组(HPV- 1组: 编号 1-95; HPV-2组: 编号 96-190 ) 。 根 据用于扩增 HPV DNA的引物组(包括 6条正向引物和 5条反向引 物) 的各条引物的序列 (表 2, SEQ ID NO: 96-107 ) , 设计一套 标签, 共 95个 (表 1, SEQ ID NO: 1-95 ) 。 将设计的每一个标 签分别添加至引物组的各条引物的序列的 5'末端, 从而获得 95 个标签引物组, 其中每个标签引物组包括相应的 6条正向标签引 物和 5条反向标签引物, 并且不同的标签引物组使用不同的标签 (即, 95个标签引物组与 95个标签一一对应 ) 。
在 96孔板中对所有样品进行 PCR反应,共使用 2块板( HPV-1 组和 HPV-2组各 1块板)。使用实施例 1中获得的 DNA作为模板, 并且在 HPV- 1组和 HPV-2组 (各 95个样品) 中, 针对每个样品, 使用不同的标签引物组进行 PCR扩增 (即, 95个样品与 95个标 签引物组一一对应) 。 记录下每一个标签引物组 (每一个标签) 对应的样品的编号信息。 每块板中还设置一个不添加模板的阴性 对照。 2块板中的阴性对照所用的引物分别与样品 1和样品 96所 用的引物相同。 表 1: 标签与样品的相关信息。
Figure imgf000019_0001
/u/u/〇ssososild 6Η000ΖΪ0ΖM
Figure imgf000020_0001
PI-43 CACTCTCGTC D7 43 138 43
PI-44 GCACTAGATG D8 44 139 44
PI-45 AGTACGCATG D9 45 140 45
PI- 46 TCTGTGACGT D10 46 141 46
PI- 47 TAGCTCATCT Dll 47 142 47
PI-48 AGCATACACT D12 48 143 48
PI-49 GCTATAGTCA El 49 144 49
PI- 50 CGTCTCATGC E2 50 145 50
PI-51 GCTACTACGT E3 51 146 51
PI-52 GAGTGTACTA E4 52 147 52
PI- 53 GTCATACGTG E5 53 148 53
PI-54 TATGAGAGAT E6 54 149 54
PI-55 ATCTGAGTAC E7 55 150 55
PI-56 CGATAGCATC E8 56 151 56
PI-57 ACTGATCTCA E9 57 152 57
PI- 58 CTCGATACTA E10 58 153 58
PI- 59 CATGTGACTG Ell 59 154 59
PI-60 CGCATCACTA E12 60 155 60
PI-61 GCATATATCT Fl 61 156 61
PI - 62 CTGATGCGAC F2 62 157 62
PI-63 TCTCAGAGTC F3 63 158 63
PI-64 CAGTGCGAGT F4 64 159 64 PI-65 ATGTCTGATG F5 65 160 65
PI-66 GCTAGTAGTC F6 66 161 66
PI-67 ATGAGTCGTC F7 67 162 67
PI-68 ATCACTCAGA F8 68 163 68
PI-69 TCTCTCTGAT F9 69 164 69
PI-70 CTCTAGTGCT F10 70 165 70
PI-71 CGTCGTGCTA Fl l 71 166 71
PI-72 CGACTACTAT F12 72 167 72
PI-73 GCACGTCGAT Gl 73 168 73
PI- 74 GTAGTGCTCT G2 74 169 74
PI-75 CTGACGAGCT G3 75 170 75
PI-76 CTATAGTCTA G4 76 171 76
PI-77 ACACGCACTA G5 77 172 77
PI-78 CTCGCACTAC G6 78 173 78
PI-79 AGATCTCACT G7 79 174 79
PI-80 ATACTAGTGT G8 80 175 80
PI-81 ATATCTCGTA G9 81 176 81
PI-82 TGACTGCGTA G10 82 177 82
PI-83 TGTAGACGTA Gil 83 178 83
PI-84 AGAGACTATG G12 84 179 84
PI-85 GTCGAGTCAC HI 85 180 85
PI-86 TGACAGCTAC H2 86 181 86 PI-87 CGCTAGACAT H3 87 182 87
PI-88 CGTAGATATG H4 88 183 88
PI-89 TGAGTCTGCT H5 89 184 89
PI-90 TAGTCGTATG H6 90 185 90
PI-91 CATACACGAC H7 91 186 91
PI-92 CGCTCAGAGA H8 92 187 92
PI-93 . GTGAGTCTCA H9 93 188 93
PI-94 GACAGATGAT H10 94 189 94
PI-95 GCTGTGCGAC Hll 95 190 95
表 2: 未添加标签的用于扩增 HPV DNA的引物组的各条引物 的序列信息。
Figure imgf000023_0001
注: F表示正向引物, R表示反向引物。
使用下列 PCR参数进行扩增:
95"C 30秒 48°C 30秒 72Ό 30秒(40个循环)
72 10分钟 12 oo
PCR反应体系为 25 μ 1,其组成是(所有试剂均购自 Enzyma tics
Figure imgf000024_0001
Figure imgf000024_0002
PCR反应在 Bio-Rad公司的 PTC-200 PCR仪上运行。 PCR完成 后,取 3μ1 PCR产物在 2.5%的琼脂糖凝胶上进行电泳检测(图 2)。 实施例 3: PCR产物的混合和纯化
把 HPV-1组与 HPV-2組中剩余的 PCR产物各混合在一个 3ml 的 EP管中(同样标记为 HPV-1组和 HPV-2组 ), 并震荡混勾。 从 2 管混合物中各取出 500μ1 DNA, 并根据厂商的说明书, 使用 QiagenDNA Purification试剂盒进行过柱纯化,得到 200μ1 DNA。 使用 Nanodrop 8000 (Thermo Fisher Scientific 公司), 测定 纯化后的混合物的 DNA浓度分别为 98 ng/μΐ ( HPV-1组) 和 102 ng/μΐ (HPV-2组) 。 实施例 4: Solexa测序文库的构建
4.1: 末端修复反应
使用 Thermomixer(Eppendorf 公司),对实施例 3中获得的经 纯化的两管 DNA混合物分别进行 DNA末端修复反应。 修复反应的 反应体系为 10 Ομ 1,其组成是(所有试剂均购自 Enzyma t i c s公司 )··
Figure imgf000025_0001
反应条件为: 20 , 30分钟。
根据厂商的说明书, 使用 QIAquick PCR Purification试剂 盒純化并回收 DNA末端修复反应的产物。回收的产物溶于 34 μΐ ΕΒ (QIAGEN Elution Buffer ) 中。
4.2: 3'末端加 A反应
使用 Thermomixer (Eppendorf 公司), 对回收的 DNA进行 V 末端加 A 反应。 反应体系为 50ul, 其组成是(所有试剂均购自 Enzyma tics公司 ) : 试剂 体积 /反应
上一步所得的 DM 32μ1
dATP (ImM, GE公司) ΙΟμΙ
10x Blue緩冲液 5μ1
3μ1
总体积 50μ1
o 反应条件为: 37'C, 30分钟。
根据厂商的说明书, 使用 MiniElute PCR Purification Kit (QIAGEN公司)纯化并回收 3'末端加 A反应的产物。 回收的产物 溶于 20 μΐ的 EB中。
4.3: 添力口 Solexa接头
使用 Thermomixer (Eppendorf 公司),对上一步获得的 2种产 物分别添加不同的接头以构建 2个测序文库。 记录下接头和文库 的对应关系。
添加 Solexa接头的反应体系为 50ul, 其组成是(所有试剂 均购自 Illumina公司) :
Figure imgf000026_0001
反应条件为: 20Ό, 15分钟。 根据厂商的说明书, 使用 Ampure Beads (Beckman Coulter Genomics)纯化反应产物并将产物溶于 17μ1 去离子水。 使用 Agilent Bioanalyzer 2100( Agilent公司)和荧光定量 PCR( QPCR) 测定产物的 DNA浓度, 结果如下:
Figure imgf000027_0001
实施例 5: Solexa测序
以 Agilent Bioanalyzer 2100所测浓度为准, 将上一步所得 的 2种产物等摩尔混合在一起(各取 lOpmol DNA) 。 根据厂商的 说明书, 使用 Solexa测序仪 ( Illumina Genome Analyzer Π χ测 序仪) , 用 Solexa PE-75程序进行测序。 实施例 6: 结茱分析
根据测序结果中的接头的特征序列以及标签引物 (标签部分 和引物部分) 的序列的信息, 将测序结果与每个样品——对应。 然后, 使用本领域已知的比对程序, 例如 BLAST和 S0AP, 将每个 样品的测序结果与 HPV数据库进行比对, 从而实现 HPV检测, 并 对 HPV进行精确分型。
所得到的检测结果与已知的结果完全一致(参见表 3) , 表 明本发明方法可以用于精确检测样品中的 HPV。 表 3: 190个样品的检测结果。
Figure imgf000028_0001
-n-
Figure imgf000029_0001
Zl8l00/010ZN3/X3d 6 000 Ζ OAV ■6Z-
Figure imgf000030_0001
ZT8lOO/OlOZN3/X3d 6 000 Z OAV 76 602. 79 HPV45 171 126. 47 HPV51
77 276 HPV16 172 86. 62 HPV44 , HPV11
78 243. 6 HPV6, HPV70, HPV 39 173 879. 37 HPV18, HPV58
79 229. 4 HPV 35 174 119. 39 HPV56
80 1384. 92 HPV52, HPV56, HPV 11 175 0. 61 阴性
81 172. 64 HPV26 , HPV42 176 18. 02 HPV16
82 855. 24 HPV35, HPV6 177 16. 06 HPV18
83 620. 69 HPV 52 178 60. 69 HPV56, HPV11
84 128. 02 HPV11 179 2. 45 HPV11
85 514. 84 HPV 33 180 94. 93 HPV39
86 68. 3 HPV58 181 1635. 3 HPV16, HPV35 , HPV51
87 402. 15 HPV59, HPV16 182 754. 64 HPV33, candHPV89
88 51. 72 HPV33 183 0. 23 HPV11
89 1. 78 HPV 6 184 20. 28 HPV18
90 56. 7 HPV11 , HPV31 185 0. 16 阴性
91 186. 06 HPV 16 186 0. 13 阴性
92 0. 02 阴性 187 60. 18 HPV59
93 386. 06 HPV18 , HPV16 188 0. 15 阴性
94 28. 09 HPV6 , HPV44 189 1. 36 HPV43
95 186. 06 HPV68, 190 0. 28 阴性 此外, 本发明的方法还可以对样品中的 HPV进行精确分型。
表 4中提供了图 2所示的泳道 1 - 14所对应的样品的测序序列和 型结果。 表 4: 图 2所示的泳道 1-14所对应的样品的测序序列和分型结果。
Figure imgf000032_0001
参参考考文文献献
本本文文中中用用于于举举例例说说明明本本发发明明或或提提供供关关于于本本发发明明的的实实施施的的另另外外 的的详详细细内内容容的的专专利利、、 出出版版物物和和其其他他材材料料通通过过引引用用合合并并入入本本文文,, 并并 且且为为方方便便起起见见按按下下列列文文献献目目录录提提供供。。
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[[33]] .. II AARRCC.. HHaannddbbooookkss ooff ccaanncceerr pprreevveennttiioonn.. CCeerrvviixx ccaanncceerr ssccrreeeenniinngg [[RR]] .. LLyyoonn:: IIAARRCC PPrreessss,, 22000055..
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MMoolleeccuullaarr bbiioollooggyy ooff hhuummaann papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer. CI in. Sci.2006, 110: 525-541.
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[6] . Kulmala S, syljhen. Human papillomavirus testing with the hybrid capture assay and PCR as screening tools. Clin Microbiol, 2004, 42 (6): 2470-2475.
[7] . Quail, M. et al., A large genome center's improvements to the Illumina sequencing system. Nat. Methods, 2008, 5, 1005-1010.
[8] . Brown, C. G. et al. , Solexa/11 lumina GAPipel ine product and product documentation, II lumina Inc, 2006. [9] . Lozano , R . Successful ly integrating human papillomavirus testing into your practice. Arch. Pathol.
Lab Med, 2003, 127: 991-994.

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一组标签, 其包含至少 10种, 优选至少 20种、 至少 30种、 至少 40种、 至少 50种、 至少 60种、 至少 70种、 至少 80种、 至少 90 种或 95种标签, 所述标签具有选自 SEQ ID NO: 1-95的序列, 并 且优选所述标签用于标记 SEQ ID NO: 96-106所示的 PCR引物; 优选该组标签至少包括 SEQ ID NO: 1-10,或 SEQ ID NO: 11-20, 或 SEQ ID NO: 21-20, 或 SEQ ID NO: 31-40, 或 SEQ ID NO: 41-50, 或 SEQ ID NO: 51-60, 或 SEQ ID NO: 61-70, 或 SEQ ID NO: 71-80, 或 SEQ ID NO: 81-90, 或 SEQ ID NO: 91-95所示 的标签, 或者其任何两个或者多个的组合。
2. 权利要求 1的一组标签用于进行高通量 HPV测序、检测或分 型的用途, 优选其用于标记 SEQ ID NO: 96-106所示的 PCR引物。
3. 一种标签引物组, 其包含 11种标签引物, 所述标签引物的 序列包含标签序列和 PCR引物序列, 并且所述标签序列, 任选地 通过连接序列, 连接至所述 PCR引物序列的 5'端, 其中
1 )所述标签序列选自 SEQ ID NO: 1-95, 并且所述 11种标签 引物的每一种的标签序列都相同, 和
2 ) 所述 11种标签引物的 PCR引物序列分别如 SEQ ID NO: 96-106所示。
4. 权利要求 3的标签引物组的用途, 其用于 HPV测序、检测或 分型, 或用于制备试剂盒, 所述试剂盒用于 HPV测序、 检测或分 型。
5. 一种标签引物套组, 其包含至少 10个, 优选至少 20个、 至 少 30个、 至少 40个、 至少 50个、 至少 60个、 至少 70个、 至少 80个、 至少 90个或 95个权利要求 3的标签引物组,其中,每个标签引物组 所使用的标签序列互不相同, 优选所使用的标签序列至少包括 SEQ ID NO: 1-10, 或 SEQ ID NO: 11-20, 或 SEQ ID NO: 21-20, 或 SEQ ID NO: 31-40, 或 SEQ ID NO: 41-50, 或 SEQ ID NO: 51-60, 或 SEQ ID NO: 61-70, 或 SEQ ID NO: 71-80, 或 SEQ ID NO: 81-90, 或 SEQ ID NO: 91-95所示的标签序列, 或者它们任 何两个或者多个的组合。
6. 权利要求 5的标签引物套组的用途, 其用于高通量 HPV测 序、 检测或分型, 或用于制备诊断试剂盒, 所述试剂盒用于高通 量 HPV测序、 检测或分型。
7. 一种试剂盒, 其包含权利要求 3的标签引物组或权利要求 5 的标签引物套组, 并且优选还包含至少 1种, 优选至少 2种、 至少 10种、 至少 20种、 至少 30种、 至少 40种、 至少 50种、 至少 100种或 至少 200种接头, 优选所述接头适用于 Solexa测序法, 例如适用于 构建测序文库, 例如所述接头可具有选自 SEQ ID NO: 121-132 的序列。
8. 权利要求 7的试剂盒用于高通量 HPV测序、检测或分型的用 途。
PCT/CN2010/001812 2010-06-30 2010-11-12 用于高通量检测人类乳头瘤病毒的dna分子标签 Ceased WO2012000149A1 (zh)

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