WO2011148579A1 - 望遠鏡光学系及びこれを備える光学装置 - Google Patents
望遠鏡光学系及びこれを備える光学装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011148579A1 WO2011148579A1 PCT/JP2011/002595 JP2011002595W WO2011148579A1 WO 2011148579 A1 WO2011148579 A1 WO 2011148579A1 JP 2011002595 W JP2011002595 W JP 2011002595W WO 2011148579 A1 WO2011148579 A1 WO 2011148579A1
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- lens
- diffractive optical
- refractive power
- telescope
- optical element
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/02—Telephoto objectives, i.e. systems of the type + - in which the distance from the front vertex to the image plane is less than the equivalent focal length
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0025—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration
- G02B27/0037—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration with diffracting elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/16—Housings; Caps; Mountings; Supports, e.g. with counterweight
- G02B23/18—Housings; Caps; Mountings; Supports, e.g. with counterweight for binocular arrangements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0025—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration
- G02B27/005—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration for correction of secondary colour or higher-order chromatic aberrations
- G02B27/0056—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration for correction of secondary colour or higher-order chromatic aberrations by using a diffractive optical element
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/42—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect
- G02B27/4205—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect having a diffractive optical element [DOE] contributing to image formation, e.g. whereby modulation transfer function MTF or optical aberrations are relevant
- G02B27/4211—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect having a diffractive optical element [DOE] contributing to image formation, e.g. whereby modulation transfer function MTF or optical aberrations are relevant correcting chromatic aberrations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
- G02B5/1876—Diffractive Fresnel lenses; Zone plates; Kinoforms
- G02B5/189—Structurally combined with optical elements not having diffractive power
- G02B5/1895—Structurally combined with optical elements not having diffractive power such optical elements having dioptric power
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a telescope optical system used for binoculars, a telescope, and the like, and an optical apparatus including this optical system.
- a normal telescope optical system consists of an objective lens system and an eyepiece system that are arranged in order from the object side.
- the objective lens system creates an image of a distant object on its focal plane, and magnifies it with the eyepiece system. I will try it.
- the objective lens system includes a cemented lens formed by bonding a lens having a positive refractive power and a lens having a negative refractive power.
- the axial chromatic aberration is corrected by canceling.
- the eyepiece lens system is generally composed of two or more lenses, and the lateral chromatic aberration is corrected by appropriately adjusting the distance between these lenses.
- the eyepiece lens system includes a cemented lens composed of a combination of a lens having a negative refractive power and a lens having a positive refractive power, the lens interval between these lenses and other lenses By making it appropriate, the chromatic aberration of magnification is balanced.
- diffractive optical elements having a configuration significantly different from that of conventional optical lenses have been used for various optical systems to reduce various aberrations.
- an objective lens system has been proposed that uses a diffractive optical element (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- an eyepiece lens system has been proposed that uses a diffractive optical element in order to suppress the occurrence of various aberrations, particularly lateral chromatic aberration (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
- the axial chromatic aberration and the lateral chromatic aberration in the entire system are sufficiently corrected in a well-balanced manner. I could not say it.
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object thereof is to provide a telescope optical system in which various aberrations including axial chromatic aberration and lateral chromatic aberration are well corrected, and an optical apparatus including the same.
- the objective lens system in a telescope optical system having an objective lens system and an eyepiece lens system, includes a diffractive optical element, a lens having a positive refractive power, and a negative lens. At least one pair of cemented lenses having a lens having refractive power, and the eyepiece lens system includes at least one set having a diffractive optical element, a lens having negative refractive power, and a lens having positive refractive power.
- the diffractive optical element includes a first diffractive optical element having a first diffractive optical surface, and a second diffractive optical element having a second diffractive optical surface, The first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element are arranged so that the first diffractive optical surface and the second diffractive optical surface face each other, and the power of the objective lens system is Ko.
- F number of the objective lens system is FNO
- the real field of view of the telescope optical system is ⁇
- the magnification of the telescope optical system is m
- a telescope optical system that satisfies the following conditions is provided.
- the expression “the first diffractive optical surface and the second diffractive optical surface are disposed so as to face each other” means “the first diffractive optical surface and the second diffractive optical surface”.
- the surface is arranged so that the surfaces are in contact with each other (so-called contact multilayer type), and “the first diffractive optical surface and the second diffractive optical surface are disposed so as to face each other with a space therebetween. It corresponds to a broad concept including the “state” (so-called separated multilayer type).
- an optical device for example, binoculars
- the telescope optical system according to the above aspect.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a telescope optical system in which various aberrations including axial chromatic aberration and lateral chromatic aberration are well corrected, and an optical apparatus including the same.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating various aberrations of the telescope optical system in the first example. It is an axial chromatic aberration diagram of the eyepiece lens system in the first example. It is a figure which shows the lens structure of the telescope optical system in 2nd Example.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating various aberrations of the telescope optical system in the second example. It is an axial chromatic aberration diagram of the eyepiece lens system in the second example. It is a figure which shows the lens structure of the telescope optical system in 3rd Example.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating various aberrations of the telescope optical system in the first example. It is an axial chromatic aberration diagram of the eyepiece lens system in the first example. It is a figure which shows the lens structure of the telescope optical system in 2nd Example.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating various aberrations of the telescope optical system in the second example. It is an axial chromatic aberration diagram of the eyepiece lens system in the second example. It is a figure which shows
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating all aberrations of the telescope optical system in the third example. It is an axial chromatic aberration diagram of the eyepiece lens system in the third example. It is a figure which shows the lens structure of the telescope optical system in 4th Example. It is an aberration diagram of the telescope optical system in the fourth example. It is an axial chromatic aberration diagram of the eyepiece lens system in the fourth example. It is a figure which shows the lens structure of the telescope optical system in 5th Example.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating various aberrations of the telescope optical system in the fifth example. It is an axial chromatic aberration diagram of the eyepiece lens system in the fifth example. It is a figure which shows the structure of the binoculars provided with the telescope optical system which concerns on this embodiment.
- the telescope optical system includes an objective lens system and an eyepiece lens system.
- the objective lens system at least one diffractive optical element, at least one pair of lenses having a positive refractive power, and lenses having a negative refractive power (however, the arrangement order of these lenses is not limited) are bonded. And a cemented lens.
- the eyepiece lens system at least one diffractive optical element is bonded to at least one pair of lenses having negative refractive power and lenses having positive refractive power (however, the arrangement order of these lenses is not limited).
- a cemented lens The diffractive optical elements used for the objective lens system and the eyepiece lens system may be used alone or incorporated in a cemented lens as described later.
- the diffractive optical element used for the objective lens system and the eyepiece lens system includes a first diffractive optical element PF1 having a first diffractive optical surface and a second diffractive optical surface made of different optical materials.
- the first diffractive optical element PF1 and the second diffractive optical element PF2 have the first diffractive optical surface and the second diffractive optical surface facing each other.
- the multilayer diffractive optical element PF is arranged as described above.
- a so-called contact multilayer in which the first diffractive optical surface C ⁇ b> 1 and the second diffractive optical surface C ⁇ b> 2 are disposed so as to be in close contact with each other on the diffractive optical surface C.
- a type of diffractive optical element is used.
- the power of the objective lens system is defined as Ko
- the power of the diffractive optical element of the objective lens system is defined as Kodoe
- Po Kodoe / Ko
- the power of the eyepiece lens system is defined as Ke
- the eyepiece is defined as Ke
- the eyepiece is defined as Ke
- the power of the diffractive optical element of the lens system is defined as Kedoe
- Pe Kedoe / Ke is defined
- the F number of the objective lens system is FNO
- the real field of view of the telescope optical system is ⁇
- the magnification of the telescope optical system is m.
- Conditional expression (1) is a condition for satisfactorily correcting various aberrations using an objective lens system and an eyepiece system incorporating a multilayer diffractive optical element, and in particular, axial chromatic aberration and lateral chromatic aberration Is a condition for correcting the image with a good balance. If the upper limit value of this conditional expression (1) is exceeded or less than the lower limit value, it becomes difficult to satisfactorily correct various aberrations including axial chromatic aberration and lateral chromatic aberration. If the lower limit value of conditional expression (1) is set to “3”, various aberrations including axial chromatic aberration and lateral chromatic aberration can be corrected more satisfactorily.
- conditional expression (1) if the upper limit value of conditional expression (1) is set to “14”, various aberrations including axial chromatic aberration and lateral chromatic aberration can be corrected more satisfactorily. If this upper limit is further set to “10”, various aberrations can be corrected more reliably.
- the power of the objective lens system is Ko
- the power of the diffractive optical element of the objective lens system is Kodoe
- Po Kodoe / Ko
- Conditional expression (2) above is the absolute ratio of the power of the diffractive optical element of the objective lens system to the power of the objective lens system in a telescope optical system using diffractive optical elements for both the objective lens system and the eyepiece lens system. Value is specified.
- this conditional expression (2) it is possible to satisfactorily correct various aberrations including axial chromatic aberration and lateral chromatic aberration. If the upper limit of conditional expression (2) is exceeded, the axial chromatic aberrations of the F-line and g-line when the d-line is used as a reference will be insufficiently achromatic.
- conditional expression (2) if the lower limit value of conditional expression (2) is not reached, axial chromatic aberrations of the F-line and g-line when the d-line is used as a reference will be achromatic excessively. If the lower limit value of conditional expression (2) is set to “0.01”, it is possible to more reliably prevent the axial chromatic aberration of the F-line and g-line when the d-line is used as a reference from being excessively achromatic. Various chromatic aberrations can be corrected more favorably.
- conditional expression (2) if the upper limit value of conditional expression (2) is set to “0.017”, the axial chromatic aberration of the F-line and g-line when the d-line is used as a reference can be prevented more reliably. And various chromatic aberrations can be corrected more favorably. If the upper limit is further set to “0.015”, it is possible to more reliably prevent the axial chromatic aberration from being achromatic and to correct various aberrations more reliably.
- the cemented lens constituting the objective lens system has a positive refractive power as a whole. With this configuration, axial chromatic aberration can be favorably corrected.
- the cemented lenses constituting the objective lens system are arranged in order from the object side, and a lens having a positive refractive power and a lens having a negative refractive power are arranged. Preferably it is. With this configuration, axial chromatic aberration can be favorably corrected.
- the cemented lenses constituting the objective lens system are arranged in order from the object side, in reverse to the above order, and have a negative refractive power and a positive refractive power. Even if a lens having a lens is disposed, the same effect as described above can be obtained. That is, axial chromatic aberration can be favorably corrected.
- the diffractive optical element is bonded to the eye point side surface of the lens having negative refractive power constituting the cemented lens of the objective lens system.
- the diffractive optical element is arranged between a lens having a positive refractive power and a lens having a negative refractive power that constitutes the cemented lens of the objective lens system (
- the order of arrangement of these lenses is not important), and it is preferable that they are all joined. With this configuration, axial chromatic aberration can be favorably corrected.
- the objective lens system has a parallel plane plate on the object side of the cemented lens constituting the lens system, and the diffractive optical element is on the object side of the parallel plane plate. It is preferably bonded to the surface or the surface on the eyepoint side. With this configuration, axial chromatic aberration can be favorably corrected.
- the objective lens system has two parallel plane plates on the object side of the cemented lens that constitutes the lens system, and the diffractive optical element has the two parallel plates. It is preferable that they are arranged between the flat plates and all of them are joined. With this configuration, axial chromatic aberration can be favorably corrected.
- the cemented lens constituting the eyepiece lens system has a positive refractive power as a whole. With this configuration, the lateral chromatic aberration can be favorably corrected.
- the cemented lenses constituting the eyepiece lens system are arranged in order from the object side, and a lens having a negative refractive power and a lens having a positive refractive power are arranged. It is preferable. With this configuration, it is possible to correct the lateral chromatic aberration satisfactorily and achieve a wider field of view.
- the cemented lenses constituting the eyepiece lens system are arranged in order from the object side, in reverse to the above order, and have a positive refractive power and a negative refractive power. Even if a lens having a lens is disposed, the same effect as described above can be obtained. That is, it is possible to correct the lateral chromatic aberration satisfactorily and achieve a wider field of view.
- the diffractive optical element is disposed between a lens having a negative refractive power and a lens having a positive refractive power constituting the cemented lens of the eyepiece lens system (
- the order of arrangement of these lenses is not important), and it is preferable that they are all joined. With this configuration, the lateral chromatic aberration can be favorably corrected.
- the diffractive optical element is cemented to the object-side surface of the lens having negative refractive power that constitutes the cemented lens of the eyepiece lens system.
- the eyepiece lens system preferably has at least one single lens having a positive refractive power.
- the single lens having positive refractive power is preferably disposed on the eye point side of the cemented lens constituting the eyepiece lens system.
- the diffractive optical element is bonded to the eye point side surface of the single lens having positive refractive power constituting the eyepiece lens system.
- the lateral chromatic aberration can be favorably corrected.
- the diffractive optical element may be bonded to the object side surface of the single lens having the positive refractive power constituting the eyepiece lens system, contrary to the above order. The same effects as described above can be obtained. That is, this configuration can also correct the lateral chromatic aberration satisfactorily.
- the eyepiece lens system has a lens having a negative refractive power on the object side from the image position formed by the objective lens system.
- the lens having negative refractive power corresponds to at least one of a single lens, a cemented lens, and a lens having negative refractive power constituting a cemented lens of an eyepiece lens system.
- the diffractive optical element used in the telescope optical system according to the present embodiment is a diffractive optical surface in which several to several hundred fine groove-shaped or slit-shaped grating structures are formed concentrically per 1 mm (see FIG. 1). And has the property of diffracting light incident on the diffractive optical surface in a direction determined by the grating pitch (interval of the diffraction grating grooves) and the wavelength of the incident light. Further, the diffractive optical element (diffractive optical surface) has a negative dispersion value, a large dispersion, and a strong anomalous dispersion, and therefore has a strong chromatic aberration correction capability.
- the Abbe number of the optical glass is usually about 30 to 80, but the Abbe number of the diffractive optical element has a negative value.
- the diffractive optical surface of the diffractive optical element has a dispersion characteristic that is opposite to that of ordinary glass (refractive optical element), and the refractive index decreases as the wavelength of light decreases, and the longer the wavelength, the more bent the light. have. Therefore, a large achromatic effect can be obtained by combining with an ordinary refractive optical element. Therefore, it is possible to satisfactorily correct chromatic aberration by using a diffractive optical element.
- the diffractive optical element used in the telescope optical system according to the present embodiment includes the first diffractive optical element made of different optical materials and the second diffractive optical element having the second diffractive optical surface.
- the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element are so-called multilayer type (or laminated type) in which the first diffractive optical surface and the second diffractive optical surface are arranged to face each other. ),
- the diffraction efficiency can be increased in a wide wavelength region including g-line to C-line. Therefore, the telescope optical system according to this embodiment can be used in a wide wavelength region.
- the first diffractive optical surface and the second diffractive optical surface that are arranged to face each other are configured to contact each other. May be.
- the diffraction grating grooves formed in each of the two diffractive element elements may be brought into close contact with each other to constitute a contact multilayer diffractive optical element.
- Such a contact multilayer diffractive optical element is compared with a so-called separated multilayer diffractive optical element in which two diffraction element elements formed with diffraction grating grooves are arranged close to each other so that the diffraction grating grooves face each other.
- the telescope optical system according to the present embodiment using such a multi-contact diffractive optical element is easy to manufacture and improves the diffraction efficiency.
- At least one of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element constituting the diffractive optical element may be made of an ultraviolet curable resin.
- a diffractive optical element is formed by using a general glass or thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin capable of injection molding on one side and an ultraviolet curable resin on the other side.
- the diffraction grating surface is formed by cutting and polishing. Thereafter, a manufacturing method in which an ultraviolet curable resin is dropped onto the diffraction grating surface and cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays can be employed.
- the diffraction grating surface is formed by performing injection molding or the like using a mold having a diffraction grating groove.
- a manufacturing method in which an ultraviolet curable resin is dropped onto the diffraction grating surface and cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays can be employed.
- Such a manufacturing method can be adopted, and it is not necessary to separately produce diffraction grating surfaces for the two diffraction element elements and to align these positions, so that the productivity and mass productivity of the diffractive optical elements are eliminated. Can be increased.
- the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element that constitute the diffractive optical element are configured to be made of ultraviolet curable resin having different optical characteristics. Also good. With this configuration, it is possible to increase the mass productivity and productivity of the diffractive optical element. Therefore, the mass productivity and productivity of the telescope optical system according to this embodiment using this diffractive optical element can be improved.
- a mold having a diffraction grating groove is pressed against one ultraviolet curable resin dropped on the substrate, and the diffraction grating surface is irradiated by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the opposite direction of the mold.
- One diffractive element element is formed.
- the mold is removed, and the other ultraviolet curable resin is dropped onto the diffraction grating surface cured by the ultraviolet irradiation.
- the other ultraviolet curable resin is also cured to form the other diffractive element.
- the d-line (wavelength 587.562 nm) of the material of the diffractive element element having a lower refractive index and higher dispersion F
- the refractive index for the line (wavelength 486.133 nm) and the C line (wavelength 656.273 nm) is nd1, nF1 and nC1
- the refraction of the material of the diffractive element having a higher refractive index and lower dispersion is reduced for the d line, F line and C line.
- conditional expressions (3) to (6) are expressed as follows.
- Optical materials used for two different diffractive element elements constituting the diffractive optical element of the telescope optical system that is, the refractive indices of the two different resins with respect to the d line, Refractive index difference (nF-nC) with respect to the line is defined respectively.
- these conditional expressions (3) to (6) are expressed by two different types of resins used for the diffractive optical element, specifically, resins having relatively low refractive index and high dispersion optical characteristics, and high refractive index.
- the resin having low dispersion optical characteristics defines the optical characteristics of the resin that should be satisfied after being cured to produce a diffractive optical element.
- conditional expressions (3) to (6) it is possible to form a diffractive optical surface by closely bonding two different diffractive element elements with better performance. As a result, a diffraction efficiency of 90% or more can be realized over a wide wavelength range from the g-line to the C-line.
- conditional expressions (3) to (6) if the upper limit value of conditional expressions (3) to (6) is exceeded or falls below the lower limit value, it becomes difficult to obtain a diffraction efficiency of 90% or more in a wide wavelength region, and the contact multilayer diffractive optical element is not suitable. It becomes difficult to maintain the benefits.
- the diffraction order is m
- the diffraction efficiency of m-th order diffracted light is ⁇
- the diffraction grating height of one diffraction element forming the diffraction grating surface (diffractive optical surface) is d1
- the diffraction grating surface (diffraction optical surface) of the other diffraction element element forming the diffraction grating surface (diffraction optical surface) is defined as d2 and the refractive index of the material of the one diffraction element element forming the diffraction grating surface (diffraction optical surface) as n1
- the diffraction efficiency is expressed by the following equations (7) and (8), where n2 is the refractive index of the material of the other diffractive element element forming ⁇ , and ⁇ is the wavelength.
- Tables 1 to 5 are shown below. These are tables of specifications in the first to fifth examples.
- m is the telescope magnification (times)
- EPD is the entrance pupil diameter (mm)
- ⁇ is the real field of view (degrees)
- f o is the objective lens system constituting the telescope optical system.
- focal length of the f e d line of the eyepiece lens system constituting a telescope optical system (wavelength 587.562nm) (mm)
- n is constituting the ocular lens system
- the number of lenses (sheets) excluding the diffractive optical element is shown.
- the surface number is the order of the optical surfaces counted from the object side
- r is the radius of curvature (mm) of the optical surface
- d is the light from each optical surface to the next optical surface (or image surface).
- ⁇ d is the Abbe number with respect to the d line
- nd is the refractive index with respect to the d line.
- the curvature radius “ ⁇ ” indicates a plane. Further, the refractive index of air of 1.00000 is omitted.
- [Diffraction surface data] indicates the performance of the diffractive optical element used in each example by a phase function ⁇ (h) and its coefficient described later.
- the phase function ⁇ (h) is expressed by the equation (a) when the height from the optical axis is h, the wavelength is ⁇ , and the phase coefficients are C2 and C4.
- mm is generally used for the radius of curvature r, the surface interval d, and other lengths, etc., unless otherwise specified, in all the specification values, but the optical system may be proportionally enlarged or reduced. Since equivalent optical performance can be obtained, the present invention is not limited to this. Further, the unit is not limited to “mm”, and other appropriate units can be used.
- the diffractive optical element PFo disposed in the objective lens system is a contact multilayer type in order to correct axial chromatic aberration well and to obtain high diffraction efficiency over a wide wavelength range. It is a diffractive optical element. Further, the diffractive optical element PFe disposed in the eyepiece lens system is a contact multilayer diffractive optical element in order to correct lateral chromatic aberration satisfactorily and to obtain high diffraction efficiency over a wide wavelength range.
- diffractive optical elements PFo and PFe are formed by closely bonding diffractive optical element elements PFo1 and PFo2 and PFe1 and PFe2 made of two different ultraviolet curable resins, and a diffraction grating groove is formed on the bonded surface.
- the diffractive optical element surfaces are Co and Ce.
- a resin having a refractive index of the following values was used as two different ultraviolet curable resins constituting the diffractive optical elements PFo and PFe.
- the resin refractive index indicates the refractive index after the resin is cured.
- nC is the refractive index for the C line (wavelength 656.273 nm)
- nd is the refractive index for the d line (wavelength 587.562 nm)
- nF is the refractive index for the F line (wavelength 486.133 nm)
- ng is The refractive index with respect to g-line (wavelength: 435.835 nm) is shown.
- the diffractive optical elements PFo and PFe used in each example have a diffraction grating height of 20.05 ⁇ m, and the primary diffraction efficiency is 98% for the C line, 100% for the d line, and 98% for the F line. , And 98% for g line.
- the telescope optical system according to the first example will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4 and Table 1.
- FIG. 2 the telescope optical system according to the first example includes an objective lens system Go, an erecting optical system Gp, and an eyepiece lens system Ge, which are arranged in order from the object side along the optical axis. Have.
- the objective lens system Go is a cemented lens So1 formed by bonding a plane parallel plate Lo1 and a lens Lo2 having a positive refractive power and a lens Lo3 having a negative refractive power, which are arranged in order from the object side along the optical axis. And a lens Lo4 having a positive refractive power and a lens Lo5 having a negative refractive power.
- the cemented lens So1 is a cemented lens having a positive refractive power as a whole.
- the erecting optical system Gp includes prisms Lo6 and Lo7.
- the eyepiece lens system Ge includes a cemented lens Se1 composed of a lens Le1 having a negative refractive power and a lens Le2 having a positive refractive power, which are arranged along the optical axis in order from the object side, and a positive refractive power. And a lens Le3.
- the cemented lens Se1 is a cemented lens having a positive refractive power as a whole.
- the above-mentioned contact multi-layer type diffractive optical element PFo is incorporated in the eye point side surface of the plane parallel plate Lo1 constituting the objective lens system Go.
- the above-mentioned contact multilayer type diffractive optical element PFe is incorporated in the object side surface of the lens Le1 having negative refractive power constituting the eyepiece lens system Ge.
- Table 1 lists the values of each item in the first embodiment.
- the surface numbers 1 to 22 in Table 1 correspond to the surfaces 1 to 22 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a spherical aberration diagram, an astigmatism diagram, a distortion diagram, and a chromatic aberration diagram of magnification in the telescope optical system according to the first example.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing axial chromatic aberration when the eyepiece lens system constituting the telescope optical system according to the first example is tracked from the eye point side.
- Each aberration diagram shown in FIG. 3 is a ray trace of the telescope optical system according to the present embodiment from the object side.
- d is the d-line (wavelength 586.562 nm)
- C is the C-line (wavelength 656.273 nm)
- F is the F-line (wavelength 486.133 nm)
- g is the g-line (wavelength 435.835 nm).
- S represents a sagittal surface and M represents a meridional surface.
- d line (wavelength 586.562 nm) is used as a reference
- C is C line (wavelength 656.273 nm)
- F is F line (wavelength 486.133 nm)
- g is g line (wavelength 435.835 nm).
- the vertical axis indicates a value normalized by setting the maximum value of the entrance pupil radius to 1, and the horizontal axis indicates an aberration value (diopter) in each light ray.
- the vertical axis indicates the angle (degrees) between the incident light beam and the optical axis when light enters from the object
- the horizontal axis indicates the aberration value (diopter) in each light beam.
- the vertical axis indicates the angle (degree) that the incident light beam makes with the optical axis when light enters from the object
- the horizontal axis indicates the aberration ratio in percentage (% value).
- the horizontal axis indicates a value normalized with the actual field of view as 1, and the vertical axis indicates an aberration value (minute). The description of each aberration diagram is common to all the examples, and the description below is omitted.
- the telescope optical system according to the second example includes an objective lens system Go, an erecting optical system Gp, and an eyepiece lens system Ge, which are arranged in order along the optical axis from the object side. Have.
- the objective lens system Go includes a cemented lens So2 formed by bonding parallel plane plates Lo1 and Lo2, which are arranged in order from the object side along the optical axis, a lens Lo3 having a positive refractive power, and a lens having a negative refractive power. It includes a cemented lens So2 formed by bonding with Lo4, a lens Lo5 having a positive refractive power, and a lens Lo6 having a negative refractive power.
- the cemented lenses So1 and So2 are cemented lenses having a positive refractive power as a whole.
- the erecting optical system Gp includes prisms Lo7 and Lo8.
- the eyepiece lens system Ge includes a cemented lens Se1 composed of a lens Le1 having a negative refractive power and a lens Le2 having a positive refractive power, which are arranged along the optical axis in order from the object side, and a positive refractive power.
- Lens Le3 and Le4 The cemented lens Se1 is a cemented lens having a positive refractive power as a whole.
- the above-mentioned contact multilayer type diffractive optical element PFo is incorporated between the plane parallel plates Lo1 and Lo2 constituting the objective lens system Go.
- the above-mentioned contact multilayer type diffractive optical element PFe is incorporated in the eye point side surface of the lens Le3 having positive refractive power constituting the eyepiece lens system Ge.
- Table 2 lists the values of each item in the second embodiment.
- the surface numbers 1 to 25 in Table 2 correspond to the surfaces 1 to 25 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a spherical aberration diagram, an astigmatism diagram, a distortion diagram, and a lateral chromatic aberration diagram in the telescope optical system according to the second example.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing axial chromatic aberration when the eyepiece lens system constituting the telescope optical system according to Example 2 is tracked from the eye point side.
- the telescope optical system according to the third example includes an objective lens system Go, an erecting optical system Gp, and an eyepiece lens system Ge, which are arranged in order along the optical axis from the object side. Have.
- the objective lens system Go includes a cemented lens So1 formed by bonding a lens Lo1 having a positive refractive power and a lens Lo2 having a negative refractive power, arranged in order from the object side along the optical axis, and a positive refractive power. And a lens Lo4 having a negative refractive power.
- the cemented lens So1 is a cemented lens having a positive refractive power as a whole.
- the erecting optical system Gp includes prisms Lo5 and Lo6.
- the eyepiece lens system Ge includes a cemented lens Se1 composed of a lens Le1 having a negative refractive power and a lens Le2 having a positive refractive power, which are arranged along the optical axis in order from the object side, and a positive refractive power. And a cemented lens Se2 formed by bonding a lens Le4 having a positive refractive power and a lens Le5 having a negative refractive power.
- the cemented lenses Se1 and Se2 are cemented lenses having a positive refractive power as a whole.
- the above-mentioned contact multilayer diffractive optical element PFo is incorporated in the eye point side surface of the lens Lo2 having negative refractive power that constitutes the cemented lens So1 of the objective lens system Go. Yes. Further, the above-mentioned contact multilayer diffractive optical element PFe is incorporated between the lens Le1 having negative refractive power and the lens Le2 having positive refractive power that constitute the cemented lens Se1 of the eyepiece lens system Ge. .
- Table 3 lists the values of each item in the third example.
- the surface numbers 1 to 23 in Table 3 correspond to the surfaces 1 to 23 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a spherical aberration diagram, an astigmatism diagram, a distortion diagram, and a chromatic aberration diagram of magnification in the telescope optical system according to the third example.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing axial chromatic aberration when a single eyepiece lens system constituting the telescope optical system according to the third example is tracked from the eye point side.
- the telescope optical system according to the fourth example includes an objective lens system Go, an erecting optical system Gp, and an eyepiece lens system Ge arranged in order along the optical axis from the object side. Have.
- the objective lens system Go includes a cemented lens So1 formed by bonding a lens Lo1 having a positive refractive power and a lens Lo2 having a negative refractive power, arranged in order from the object side along the optical axis, and a positive refractive power. And a lens Lo4 having a negative refractive power.
- the cemented lens So1 is a cemented lens having a positive refractive power as a whole.
- the erecting optical system Gp has Lo5 and Lo6.
- the eyepiece lens system Ge includes a cemented lens Se1 composed of a lens Le1 having a negative refractive power and a lens Le2 having a positive refractive power, which are arranged along the optical axis in order from the object side, and a positive refractive power.
- the cemented lenses Se1 and Se2 are cemented lenses having a positive refractive power as a whole.
- the above-mentioned contact multilayer diffractive optical element PFo is incorporated in the eye point side surface of the lens Lo2 having negative refractive power that constitutes the cemented lens So1 of the objective lens system Go. Yes. Further, the above-mentioned contact multilayer diffractive optical element PFe is incorporated in the eye point side surface of the lens Le6 having positive refractive power constituting the eyepiece lens system Ge.
- Table 4 lists the values of each item in the fourth embodiment.
- the surface numbers 1 to 28 in Table 4 correspond to the surfaces 1 to 28 shown in FIG.
- the telescope optical system according to the present example satisfies the above conditional expressions (1) to (6).
- FIG. 12 is a spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram, distortion diagram and magnification chromatic aberration diagram in the telescope optical system according to the fourth example.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing axial chromatic aberration when the eyepiece lens system constituting the telescope optical system according to Example 4 is tracked from the eye point side.
- the telescope optical system according to the fifth example includes an objective lens system Go, an erecting optical system Gp, and an eyepiece lens system Ge, which are arranged in order along the optical axis from the object side. Have.
- the objective lens system Go includes a cemented lens So1 formed by bonding a lens Lo1 having a positive refractive power and a lens Lo2 having a negative refractive power, arranged in order from the object side along the optical axis, and a positive refractive power. And a lens Lo4 having a negative refractive power.
- the cemented lens So1 is a cemented lens having a positive refractive power as a whole.
- the erecting optical system Gp has Lo5 and Lo6.
- the eyepiece lens system Ge includes a cemented lens Se1 composed of a lens Le1 having a negative refractive power and a lens Le2 having a positive refractive power, which are arranged along the optical axis in order from the object side, and a positive refractive power. And a lens Le3.
- the cemented lens Se1 is a cemented lens having a positive refractive power as a whole.
- the above-mentioned contact multilayer diffractive optical element is disposed between the lens Lo1 having a positive refractive power and the lens Lo2 having a negative refractive power that constitute the cemented lens So1 of the objective lens system Go.
- the element PFo is incorporated.
- the above-mentioned contact multilayer diffractive optical element PFe is incorporated in the object side surface of the lens Le3 having positive refractive power constituting the eyepiece lens system Ge.
- Table 5 lists the values of each item in the fifth example.
- the surface numbers 1 to 20 in Table 5 correspond to the surfaces 1 to 20 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a spherical aberration diagram, an astigmatism diagram, a distortion diagram, and a chromatic aberration diagram of magnification in the telescope optical system according to the fifth example.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing axial chromatic aberration when the eyepiece lens system constituting the telescope optical system according to Example 5 is tracked from the eye point side.
- the binocular 10 has telescope optical systems 20a and 20b in a pair of left and right observation barrels 10a and 10b corresponding to the left and right eyes of the observer.
- the telescope optical systems 20a and 20b include an objective lens system 21, an erecting optical system 22, and an eyepiece lens system 23 in order from the observation object side along the optical axis.
- light from the observation object is collected by the objective lens system 21 to form an object image.
- This object image is erected by the erecting optical system 22 and then enlarged by the eyepiece lens system 23. Thereby, the observer can enlarge and observe the observation object.
- the telescope optical system described in the above embodiment is used as the telescope optical systems 20a and 20b (that is, the objective lens system 21, the erecting optical system 22 and the eyepiece lens of the binoculars 10).
- the system 23 corresponds to the objective lens system Go, the erecting optical system Gp, and the eyepiece lens system Ge of the above embodiment). Therefore, the binoculars according to the present embodiment using such a telescope optical system are easy to manufacture and can satisfactorily correct various aberrations including axial chromatic aberration and lateral chromatic aberration.
- binoculars are shown as an example of an optical apparatus provided with a telescope optical system.
- the optical apparatus is not limited to this, and the telescope optical system of the present invention is naturally applicable to monoculars and the like. it can.
- two close-contact multilayer diffractive optical elements are provided in the telescope optical system, but the present invention is not limited to this, and two or more diffractive optical elements may be provided.
- the close-contact multilayer diffractive optical element is incorporated in the telescope optical system.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and a separate multilayer diffractive optical element may be incorporated. Even in this case, the same effect as the contact type can be obtained.
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Abstract
Description
0.0145 ≦ nF1-nC1 …(4)
1.55 ≦ nd2 …(5)
nF2-nC2 ≦ 0.013 …(6)
a = {(n1-1)d1-(n2-1)d2)/λ …(8)
nC nd nF ng
低屈折率樹脂 1.523300 1.527600 1.538500 1.547700
高屈折率樹脂 1.553700 1.556900 1.564800 1.571100
第1実施例に係る望遠鏡光学系について、図2~図4及び表1を用いて説明する。図2に示すように、第1実施例に係る望遠鏡光学系は、物体側から順に光軸に沿って順に並んだ、対物レンズ系Goと、正立光学系Gpと、接眼レンズ系Geとを有する。
[全体諸元]
m = 8.0
EPD = 36
θ = 6.5
fo = 132.7
fe = 16.6
[レンズデータ]
面番号 r d nd νd
1 ∞ 3.0 1.516800 64.17
2 ∞ 0.1 1.527600 34.71
3 ∞ 0.1 1.556900 50.17(回折面Co)
4 ∞ 0.5
5 72.5284 6.7 1.516800 64.20
6 -73.0000 2.4 1.688930 31.16
7 -252.7703 0.5
8 59.6464 5.0 1.516800 64.20
9 172.3308 30.0
10 273.2629 2.0 1.516800 64.20
11 38.6887 9.7
12 ∞ 29.9 1.568830 56.04
13 ∞ 0.4
14 ∞ 47.9 1.516800 64.20
15 ∞ 14.5
16 99.0906 0.1 1.556900 50.17
17 99.0906 0.1 1.527600 34.71(回折面Ce)
18 99.0906 2.0 1.795040 28.56
19 19.0015 7.6 1.497820 82.52
20 -17.9878 0.2
21 16.6767 5.0 1.589130 61.09
22 -490.7856 16.0
(EP)
[回折面データ]
第3面 C2=-5.0000E-05 , C4=7.8000E-09
第17面 C2=-1.6720E-03 , C4=8.9141E-06
[条件式対応値]
Ko = 7.53E-03
Kodoe = 1.00E-04
Ke = 6.02E-02
Kedoe= 3.34E-03
Pe = 5.56E-02
FNO= 3.7
条件式(1) (Po/FNO)/{Pe/(a×m)} = 3.4
条件式(2) Po = 1.33E-02
条件式(3) nd1 = 1.527600
条件式(4) (nF1-nC1) = 0.0152
条件式(5) nd2 = 1.556900
条件式(6) (nF2-nC2) = 0.0111
第2実施例に係る望遠鏡光学系について、図5~図7及び表2を用いて説明する。図5に示すように、第2実施例に係る望遠鏡光学系は、物体側から順に光軸に沿って順に並んだ、対物レンズ系Goと、正立光学系Gpと、接眼レンズ系Geとを有する。
[全体諸元]
m = 10.5
EPD = 45
θ = 6.1
fo = 170.6
fe = 16.2
[レンズデータ]
面番号 r d nd νd
1 ∞ 3.0 1.516800 64.11
2 ∞ 0.05 1.527600 34.71
3 ∞ 0.05 1.556900 50.17(回折面Co)
4 ∞ 3.0 1.516800 64.11
5 ∞ 5.0
6 136.0628 7.5 1.516800 64.11
7 -112.9560 2.5 1.717362 29.52
8 -347.5000 0.5
9 77.9870 5.5 1.516800 64.11
10 342.8874 47.2
11 183.8022 2.0 1.516800 64.11
12 53.0040 20.0
13 ∞ 33.3 1.568832 56.34
14 ∞ 0.5
15 ∞ 54.8 1.516800 64.11
16 ∞ 13.4
17 -98.6070 1.5 1.805181 25.43
18 21.0243 10.0 1.696797 55.52
19 -25.7116 0.2
20 22.7973 4.0 1.620411 60.29
21 95.5367 0.1 1.527600 34.71
22 95.5367 0.1 1.556900 50.17(回折面Ce)
23 95.5367 0.2
24 22.7973 3.7 1.620411 60.29
25 95.5367 16.3
(EP)
[回折面データ]
第3面 C2=-4.2000E-05 , C4=1.0100E-08
第22面 C2=-8.8814E-04 , C4=2.5274E-06
[条件式対応値]
Ko = 5.86E-03
Kodoe = 8.40E-05
Ke = 6.18E-02
Kedoe= 1.78E-03
Pe = 2.88E-02
FNO= 3.7
条件式(1) (Po/FNO)/{Pe/(a×m)} = 8.5
条件式(2) Po = 1.43E-02
条件式(3) nd1 = 1.527600
条件式(4) (nF1-nC1) = 0.0152
条件式(5) nd2 = 1.556900
条件式(6) (nF2-nC2) = 0.0111
第3実施例に係る望遠鏡光学系について、図8~図10及び表3を用いて説明する。図8に示すように、第3実施例に係る望遠鏡光学系は、物体側から順に光軸に沿って順に並んだ、対物レンズ系Goと、正立光学系Gpと、接眼レンズ系Geとを有する。
[全体諸元]
m = 8.0
EPD = 36
θ = 7.0
fo = 132.2
fe = 16.6
[レンズデータ]
面番号 r d nd νd
1 98.4300 6.7 1.516800 64.20
2 -78.5856 2.4 1.688930 31.16
3 -273.1872 0.05 1.527600 34.71
4 -273.1872 0.05 1.556900 50.17(回折面Co)
5 -273.1872 0.5
6 57.2744 5.0 1.516800 64.20
7 400.1262 30.0
8 720.9295 2.0 1.516800 64.20
9 43.4184 9.7
10 ∞ 29.9 1.568830 56.04
11 ∞ 0.4
12 ∞ 47.9 1.516800 64.20
13 ∞ 16.0
14 -24.9790 2.0 1.805182 25.35
15 700.8713 0.2 1.527600 34.71
16 700.8713 0.2 1.556900 50.17(回折面Ce)
17 700.8713 7.0 1.664460 35.83
18 -18.7578 0.2
19 60.6934 4.0 1.620409 60.14
20 -77.4658 0.2
21 17.2844 6.0 1.692111 54.55
22 -63.8725 2.0 1.805182 25.35
23 39.4682 14.6
(EP)
[回折面データ]
第4面 C2=-5.4597E-05 , C4=2.0695E-08
第16面 C2=-1.4844E-03 , C4=3.9901E-06
[条件式対応値]
Ko = 7.56E-03
Kodoe = 1.09E-04
Ke = 6.01E-02
Kedoe= 2.97E-03
Pe = 4.94E-02
FNO= 3.7
条件式(1) (Po/FNO)/{Pe/(a×m)} = 4.4
条件式(2) Po = 1.44E-02
条件式(3) nd1 = 1.527600
条件式(4) (nF1-nC1) = 0.0152
条件式(5) nd2 = 1.556900
条件式(6) (nF2-nC2) = 0.0111
第4実施例に係る望遠鏡光学系について、図11~図13及び表4を用いて説明する。図11に示すように、第4実施例に係る望遠鏡光学系は、物体側から順に光軸に沿って順に並んだ、対物レンズ系Goと、正立光学系Gpと、接眼レンズ系Geとを有する。
[全体諸元]
m = 8.0
EPD = 32
θ = 7.8
fo = 118.1
fe = 14.8
[レンズデータ]
面番号 r d nd νd
1 93.7522 6.0 1.516800 64.10
2 -65.8641 2.5 1.648311 33.75
3 -220.3076 0.01 1.527600 34.71
4 -220.3076 0.01 1.556900 50.17(回折面Co)
5 -220.3076 0.5
6 48.3716 4.2 1.516800 64.10
7 117.4024 16.9
8 82.5080 2.0 1.516800 64.10
9 40.2700 16.8
10 ∞ 34.8 1.568829 56.05
11 ∞ 0.4
12 ∞ 45.7 1.516800 64.10
13 ∞ 6.1
14 -42.3960 1.2 1.516800 64.10
15 16.6258 2.6 1.713000 53.93
16 27.2560 3.1
17 ∞ 6.1 (対物レンズ系Goの像位置)
18 -39.4700 4.4 1.620409 60.14
19 -17.4140 0.2
20 246.6220 7.0 1.620409 60.14
21 -19.0000 1.5 1.805182 25.41
22 -55.6420 0.2
23 93.5363 6.0 1.620409 60.14
24 -93.5363 0.2 1.527600 34.71
25 -93.5363 0.2 1.556900 50.17(回折面Ce)
26 -93.5363 0.2
27 22.4370 5.0 1.589130 61.09
28 530.3439 18.4
(EP)
[回折面データ]
第4面 C2=-5.0000E-05 , C4=2.0000E-08
第25面 C2=-7.5960E-04 , C4=4.1262E-07
[条件式対応値]
Ko = 8.47E-03
Kodoe = 1.00E-04
Ke = 6.77E-02
Kedoe= 1.52E-03
Pe = 2.24E-02
FNO= 3.7
条件式(1) (Po/FNO)/{Pe/(a×m)} = 8.9
条件式(2) Po = 1.18E-02
条件式(3) nd1 = 1.527600
条件式(4) (nF1-nC1) = 0.0152
条件式(5) nd2 = 1.556900
条件式(6) (nF2-nC2) = 0.0111
第5実施例に係る望遠鏡光学系について、図14~図16及び表5を用いて説明する。図14に示すように、第5実施例に係る望遠鏡光学系は、物体側から順に光軸に沿って順に並んだ、対物レンズ系Goと、正立光学系Gpと、接眼レンズ系Geとを有する。
[全体諸元]
m = 10.5
EPD = 45
θ = 6.1
fo = 170.3
fe = 16.2
[レンズデータ]
面番号 r d nd νd
1 77.7927 6.7 1.516800 64.20
2 -76.0000 0.1 1.527600 33.41
3 -76.0000 0.1 1.556900 49.74(回折面Co)
4 -76.0000 2.4 1.688930 31.16
5 -270.7204 0.5
6 48.5533 5.0 1.516800 64.20
7
110.8840 30.0
8 75.6340 2.0 1.516800 64.20
9 28.2809 9.7
10 ∞ 29.9 1.568830 56.04
11 ∞ 0.4
12 ∞ 52.4 1.516800 64.20
13 ∞ 11.6
14 52.8044 2.0 1.805181 25.43
15 16.0000 8.0 1.696797 55.53
16 -33.2675 0.2
17 16.1059 0.1 1.527600 33.41
18 16.1059 0.1 1.556900 49.74(回折面Ce)
19 16.1059 5.0 1.589130 61.0
20 96.5806 15.6
(EP)
[回折面データ]
第3面 C2=-5.0000E-05 , C4=3.2000E-08
第18面 C2=-1.1000E-03 , C4=6.2357E-06
[条件式対応値]
Ko = 5.87E-03
Kodoe = 9.77E-05
Ke = 6.18E-02
Kedoe= 1.25E-03
Pe = 2.02E-02
FNO= 3.7
条件式(1) (Po/FNO)/{Pe/(a×m)} = 14.0
条件式(2) Po = 1.66E-02
条件式(3) nd1 = 1.527600
条件式(4) (nF1-nC1) = 0.0152
条件式(5) nd2 = 1.556900
条件式(6) (nF2-nC2) = 0.0111
Gp 望遠鏡光学系の正立光学系
Ge 望遠鏡光学系の接眼レンズ系
Lo 対物レンズ系の構成レンズ(単レンズ)
Le 接眼レンズ系の構成レンズ(単レンズ)
So 対物レンズ系の構成レンズ(接合レンズ)
Se 接眼レンズ系の構成レンズ(接合レンズ)
PF 回折光学素子
PFo 対物レンズ系内に配置された回折光学素子
PFe 接眼レンズ系内に配置された回折光学素子
Co 対物レンズ系内に配置された回折光学素子の回折光学面
Ce 対物レンズ系内に配置された回折光学素子の回折光学面
10 双眼鏡(光学装置)
10a,10b 観察鏡筒
20a,20b 望遠鏡光学系
21 双眼鏡の対物レンズ系
22 双眼鏡の正立光学系
23 双眼鏡の接眼レンズ系
Claims (21)
- 対物レンズ系と、接眼レンズ系とを有する望遠鏡光学系において、
前記対物レンズ系は、回折光学素子と、正の屈折力を持つレンズと負の屈折力を持つレンズとを有する少なくとも一組の接合レンズとを含み、
前記接眼レンズ系は、回折光学素子と、負の屈折力を持つレンズと正の屈折力を持つレンズとを有する少なくとも一組の接合レンズとを含み、
前記回折光学素子は、第1の回折光学面を有する第1の回折光学素子と、第2の回折光学面を有する第2の回折光学素子とを有し、前記第1の回折光学素子と前記第2の回折光学素子とは前記第1の回折光学面と前記第2の回折光学面とが互いに対向するように配置され、
前記対物レンズ系のパワーをKoとし、前記対物レンズ系の前記回折光学素子のパワーをKodoeとし、Po=Kodoe/Koと定義し、
前記接眼レンズ系のパワーをKeとし、前記接眼レンズ系の前記回折光学素子のパワーをKedoeとし、Pe=Kedoe/Keと定義し、
前記対物レンズ系のFナンバーをFNOとし、前記望遠鏡光学系の実視界をθとし、前記望遠鏡光学系の倍率をmとしたとき、次式
2 ≦ |(Po/FNO)/{Pe/(θ×m)}| ≦ 15
の条件を満足することを特徴とする望遠鏡光学系。 - 前記対物レンズ系において、次式
0.007 ≦ |Po| ≦ 0.018
の条件を満足することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の望遠鏡光学系。 - 前記対物レンズ系を構成する前記接合レンズは、全体として正の屈折力を持つことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の望遠鏡光学系。
- 前記対物レンズ系を構成する前記接合レンズは、物体側から順に並んで、前記正の屈折力を持つレンズと、前記負の屈折力を持つレンズとが配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の望遠鏡光学系。
- 前記回折光学素子が、前記対物レンズ系の前記接合レンズを構成する前記負の屈折力を持つレンズのアイポイント側の面に接合されていることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の望遠鏡光学系。
- 前記回折光学素子が、前記対物レンズ系の前記接合レンズを構成する前記正の屈折力を持つレンズと、前記負の屈折力を持つレンズとの間に配置され、これらが全て接合されていること請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の望遠鏡光学系。
- 前記対物レンズ系は、該レンズ系を構成する前記接合レンズの物体側に平行平面板を有し、
前記回折光学素子が、前記平行平面板に接合されていることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の望遠鏡光学系。 - 前記対物レンズ系は、該レンズ系を構成する前記接合レンズの物体側に、2枚の平行平面板を有し、
前記回折光学素子が、前記2枚の平行平面板の間に配置され、これらが全て接合されていることを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の望遠鏡光学系。 - 前記接眼レンズ系を構成する前記接合レンズは、全体として正の屈折力を持つことを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の望遠鏡光学系。
- 前記接眼レンズ系を構成する前記接合レンズは、物体側から順に並んで、前記負の屈折力を持つレンズと、前記正の屈折力を持つレンズとが配置されることを特徴とする請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の望遠鏡光学系。
- 前記回折光学素子が、前記接眼レンズ系の前記接合レンズを構成する前記負の屈折力を持つレンズと、前記正の屈折力を持つレンズとの間に配置され、これらが全て接合されていることを特徴とする請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の望遠鏡光学系。
- 前記回折光学素子が、前記接眼レンズ系の前記接合レンズを構成する前記負の屈折力を持つレンズの物体側の面に接合されていることを特徴とする請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の望遠鏡光学系。
- 前記接眼レンズ系は、正の屈折力を持つ単レンズを少なくとも一つ有することを特徴とする請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の望遠鏡光学系。
- 前記正の屈折力を持つ単レンズは、前記接眼レンズ系を構成する前記接合レンズよりアイポイント側に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項13に記載の望遠鏡光学系。
- 前記回折光学素子が、前記接眼レンズ系を構成する前記正の屈折力を持つ単レンズのアイポイント側の面に接合されていることを特徴とする請求項13又は14に記載の望遠鏡光学系。
- 前記接眼レンズ系は、前記対物レンズ系の作る像位置よりも物体側に、負の屈折力を持つレンズを有することを特徴とする請求項1~15のいずれか一項に記載の望遠鏡光学系。
- 前記回折光学素子を構成する前記第1の回折光学面及び前記第2の回折光学面は、互いに接するように配置されることを特徴とする請求項1~16のいずれか一項に記載の望遠鏡光学系。
- 前記回折光学素子を構成する前記第1の回折光学素子及び前記第2の回折光学素子は、少なくとも一方が紫外線硬化型樹脂からなることを特徴とする請求項1~17のいずれか一項に記載の望遠鏡光学系。
- 前記回折光学素子を構成する前記第1の回折光学素子及び前記第2の回折光学素子は、互いに異なる光学特性を有する紫外線硬化型樹脂からなることを特徴とする請求項1~18のいずれか一項に記載の望遠鏡光学系。
- 前記回折光学素子を構成する前記2つの回折素子要素のうち、
より低屈折率高分散な方の前記回折素子要素の材質のd線、F線及びC線に対する屈折率をnd1、nF1及びnC1とし、
より高屈折率低分散な方の前記回折素子要素の材質のd線、F線及びC線に対する屈折率をnd2、nF2及びnC2としたとき、次式
nd1 ≦ 1.54
(nF1-nC1)≧0.0145
nd2 ≧ 1.55
(nF2-nC2)≦0.0130
の条件を満足することを特徴とする請求項1~19のいずれか一項に記載の望遠鏡光学系。 - 請求項1~請求項20のいずれか一項に記載の望遠鏡光学系を備えることを特徴とする光学装置。
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CN201180025621.XA CN102906615B (zh) | 2010-05-24 | 2011-05-10 | 望远镜光学系统及设置有该望远镜光学系统的光学装置 |
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US11846773B2 (en) | 2017-10-27 | 2023-12-19 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Optical system |
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US9097887B2 (en) | 2015-08-04 |
KR101373449B1 (ko) | 2014-03-13 |
US20130063812A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 |
CN102906615A (zh) | 2013-01-30 |
JPWO2011148579A1 (ja) | 2013-07-25 |
EP2579081A1 (en) | 2013-04-10 |
EP2579081A4 (en) | 2017-01-18 |
EP2579081B1 (en) | 2019-08-07 |
JP5532456B2 (ja) | 2014-06-25 |
CN102906615B (zh) | 2015-04-08 |
KR20130028947A (ko) | 2013-03-20 |
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