WO2011145978A2

WO2011145978A2 - "ark 3" motor sailer

Info

Publication number: WO2011145978A2
Application number: PCT/RU2011/000167
Authority: WO
Inventors: Юрий Денисович ГОНЧАРОВ; Ольга Юрьевна ГОНЧАРОВА; Дмитрий Юрьевич ГОНЧАРОВ
Original assignee: Goncharov Yuriy Denisovich
Priority date: 2011-03-18
Filing date: 2011-03-18
Publication date: 2011-11-24
Also published as: WO2011145978A3

Abstract

The invention relates to boatbuilding. The aim of the invention is to produce a boat that is unparalleled in terms of passenger and crew safety in the event of a capsizal, entering an area affected by a nuclear explosion, hurricanes of all wind speeds and wave heights, climatic cooling, volcanic eruptions and atmospheric pollution caused by dust and acid-forming gasses, bombardment by charged particles as a result of abnormal solar activity, and the partial eradication of civilization. The aim is achieved as follows. The boat is equipped with collapsible masts which preferably have hinges and are located higher than the superstructures, wherein the axes of at least two masts are offset relative to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the boat hull towards opposite sides by at least the size of their radius, or the axes of the hinges are vertically offset in relation to one another by at least the size of the diameter of the masts. Inflatable bags are fastened to the bulwark struts by means preferably of straps with locks which are remotely controlled from the control cabin. Storerooms are provided for storing products at different temperatures; one storeroom is located inside another, they are separated by insulated walls and doors, and devices for extracting thermal energy are installed preferably in the innermost storeroom of. The boat is equipped with storage batteries having a capacity of at least 4000 Ah per seat. The output terminals of the electricity generators, driven by thermal engines, wind turbines, hydroelectric generators and storage batteries, are connected to the output terminals of converters which convert sunlight into electricity. All of the boat systems outlets at the point where they exit the hull are equipped with shutters (valves, flaps) which can withstand external gas and water pressure having a force of at least 3 kg/cm². The plenum ventilation is provided with a system for cleaning harmful gases and dust from the air, and air recuperation devices are provided in the living and working quarters. An ice-breaking bow is provided. Heating systems are installed for the hawsers and capstans (windlasses), and no fewer than two thermal engines with a total power of twice the standard are provided. Electric supply circuits on the boat, for example transformer windings, are equipped with devices that disconnect them from the electric supply circuits, said devices being are preferably remotely controlled from the control cabin. The communication, navigation, signaling, etc. devices of the boat are placed in containers made from materials which are impervious to charged particles and radiation. Said container are equipped with connectors to disconnect the circuits of systems outside the containers from the devices in the containers. An identical container with a set of spare devices is installed preferably at the bottom of the boat. The passenger and crew seats are equipped with safety belts.

Description

SAIL AND MOTOR SHIP "ARK-3"

Description In recent years, there have been many forecasts of catastrophes threatening humanity between 2012 and 2017, namely:

- nuclear war with environmental and social disasters in most countries of the world;

- global warming, caused not by the "greenhouse effect", but by cyclical changes in the planet's climate. Now the small ice age is ending and the threat is not the rise in sea level due to the melting of glaciers (only 37 cm), but the violation of the equality of the forces of their pressure on the earth's crust from above and magma from below. For example, the melting of Greenland glaciers, the thickness of which reaches three km in some places, already in 2012 - 2015 will lead to such a difference in the forces acting on the earth's crust that a sharp rise of tectonic plates with the occurrence of tsunamis over 500 m high is possible;

- massive earthquakes and volcanic eruptions as a result of displacement of tectonic plates will lead to the release of large amounts of sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere and acid rain will destroy a significant part of the flora and fauna, as has already happened in some regions during the eruption of large volcanoes, and the onset of a new ice age;

- abnormal activity of the Sun at the end of 2012, as a result of which transformers of power plants, communication systems, communications, navigation, etc .;

- the fall to Earth of a large celestial body.

Probably in connection with such forecasts, there were reports of the beginning of the construction of modern Noah's Arks in a number of countries with nuclear power plants, their own small fleet for seafood production, pigsties, chicken coops, vegetable gardens, etc., which should provide them with autonomy for decades.

However, these vessels have a number of significant drawbacks:

- the high price of a passenger seat (from 250,000 to 2,500,000 US dollars);

- large sizes, in which the case to ensure its sufficient strength should be built of steel with a thickness of more than 200 mm. The welding technology of such a body is extremely expensive, and the construction period will be tens of years;

- when such a vessel falls under the crest of a tsunami, it will inevitably turn over. And even if the case is not broken, it will not restore its position on the water. The designers of the most durable ships - battleships could not give them similar properties;

- in order to avoid the tsunami crest, such a vessel must advance into the ocean at depths of 3 to 5 km. In the event of a catastrophe, passengers can be delivered on board by air. However, if at the same time the navigation system fails, the aircraft cannot be found; - the use of nuclear installations on ships for energy security requires not only the availability of numerous qualified personnel, but also the ability to quickly obtain complex spare parts and devices from dozens of companies, which is unrealistic in disaster situations.

To achieve high strength with relatively low construction costs, the length of the Ark-3 vessel is from 24 m (minimum, at which it can be sufficient for autonomy for at least three years and the development of an uninhabited coast, the amount of supplies, equipment and materials) up to 48 m, at which the cost of the building in terms of one seat will be from $ 50,000 to $ 80,000. Energy security is largely ensured by the use of sailing weapons.

In the prior art, ships with a center of gravity below the waterline are known, which, after a coup, restore their position on the water. However, this is not possible if the masts with sails are immersed in water. In the event of a ship overturn in the crest of a large wave, the masts inevitably break. The prior art telescopic masts (RU 2041120) are known, however, they are unreliable - even with a minimum deformation they fail.

The masts of the Ark-3 vessel have mainly hinges located above the superstructures. In this case, the axes of at least two masts, in order to be able to stack them together and then fastened to other structural elements of the vessel, are shifted to opposite sides relative to the longitudinal plane of hull symmetry, at least by the size of the mast radius, or the hinge axes are vertically offset from one another by a minimum by the diameter of the masts .

From the prior art, vessels with a length of 24 m to 48 m are known, equipped with inflatable balloons attached to the hull and intended for emergency emergency increase in the displacement of the vessel (RU 2398707). However, when the ship flips over in the crest of a high wave, such cylinders will inevitably be torn apart.

On the “Ark-3” vessel, the cylinders in the rolled state are mainly attached with straps with locks remotely controlled from the wheelhouse to the bulwark pylons from the main deck, due to which the bulwarks protect them from shock waves.

Thanks to the application of the above technical solutions, the Ark-3 vessel is recovering its position on the water even after repeated coups.

It is widely known from the prior art that on ships products are stored in cold storage rooms. However, the use of storage facilities in the form of conventional freezers with a power consumption of 100 to 150 W / m3 x hour on a ship designed for long autonomous navigation is wasteful. In the event of a malfunction in the power supply system, the batteries will drain in a few hours.

On the Ark-3 vessel, pantries for storing products at different temperatures are located one inside the other and are separated by heat-insulating walls and doors, and heat energy selection devices are installed mainly in the inner one, which reduces power consumption to 50-100 W / cubic meter. x hour

It is known from the prior art that vessels from 24 m to 48 m long, designed for long-term autonomous navigation, are equipped with non-rechargeable batteries

80 less than 50,000 A.-4. (RU 2398707). However, the calculations underlying this limitation are incorrect. So, on a vessel with a length of 24 m with a number of seats 20, the volume of food pantries with an autonomy of 3 years should be at least 40 cubic meters. / To maintain the required temperature in the pantries, an electric power of at least 60 W / cubic meter is required. x h. This load will discharge the batteries

85 with a capacity of 50,000 A.- hours in 20 hours. This time may not be enough to replenish fuel supplies, repair equipment, or establish favorable weather conditions for recharging batteries with wind or hydro generators. Products will go bad. Battery capacity should be calculated based on the number of seats on the ship.

90 On the vessel "Ark-3" the battery capacity is at least 4,000 A.-h. in terms of one seat.

It is widely known from the prior art that ships are supplied with electricity from electric generators with heat engines, in parallel with which, including for charging batteries, wind generators and hydro generators are used (SU 1134479, SU

95 1320120, RU 2200118, RU 2038263, RU 2038264). However, calm winds and hydrogenerators cannot be used, and fuel reserves for heat engines are limited.

On the Ark-3 vessel, the output terminals of electric generators with drives from heat engines, wind generators, hydro generators and storage batteries are electrically connected to the output terminals of the converters of solar radiation into electricity, forming a unified power supply network for the vessel and electric energy storage.

Through the use of the above technical solutions, the energy security of the Ark-3 vessel is ensured.

105 It is widely known from the prior art that motor-sailing vessels with a length of more than 24 m have spray protection devices to prevent water from entering the air intakes and exhaust pipes of their systems and are not equipped with air purification systems for harmful dust and gases and its recovery. However, such devices do not prevent the ingress of water into the hull during ship overturns, and even more so - of the shock wave and dust during nuclear

110 explosion and acid-forming gases - during the eruption of volcanoes.

On the Ark-3 vessel, all exits of the ship systems outside the hull are equipped with dampers (valves, valves) that withstand the external pressure of gases and water with a force of at least 3 kg / cm2, with actuators controlled mainly from the wheelhouse,

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SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) the ventilation is equipped with an air purification system from harmful gases and dust, and

115 residential and working premises - with an air recovery system, which ensures the safety of passengers and crew during volcanic eruptions and nuclear explosions.

It is not known from the prior art that motor-sailing vessels with a length of 24 m to 48 m were built and equipped for transitions in ice. However, in the event of a cooling of the climate due to atmospheric pollution during mass eruptions of volcanoes or due to "leakage"

120 air from the stratosphere with giant anticyclones that can occur after changes in warm and cold ocean currents caused by earthquakes and the “collapse” of huge masses of glacier ice into the ocean, for example, Greenland, ships will have to move towards warm seas through ice and frost.

The Ark-3 vessel has an ice-breaker type stem and a heating device

125 cluses and spiers (windlass), and is also equipped with at least two main heat engines with a total capacity of twice the standard, which allows the vessel to continue to operate when the climate is cooling.

The prior art widely known vessels with a length of more than 24 m, equipped with radio systems - satellite and telecommunications, satellite, magnetic and

130 gyroscopic navigation, fire, burglar alarms, etc. In addition, they have a variety of power supply systems and a large one. number of power consuming machines and mechanisms. However, when a stream of charged particles or cosmic rays falls to the Earth as a result of abnormal activity of the Sun or a relatively close nuclear explosion, these systems will inevitably fail.

135 On the Ark-3 vessel, the power supply circuits are mainly equipped with remotely controlled devices from the wheelhouse to disconnect them from the power supply circuits, and all devices are housed in cabinets made of impervious to particles and radiation material, equipped with connectors for disconnecting the system circuits outside the cabinets from the devices inside the cabinets . In addition, the vessel has a full set of spare devices,

140 are stored in the same cabinets mainly at the bottom of the ship, as well as magnetic and astronomical navigation systems, which allows you to save the ship’s electrical equipment and its communication and navigation systems from damage during nuclear explosions and the anomalous activity of the Sun.

Sailing-motor vessels from 24 m to 48 m long are not known in the prior art, in 145 of which passenger seats and places for rest and crew work would be equipped with devices to prevent injuries to passengers and crew. However, when the ship turns over, injuries are inevitable.

On the Ark-3 sailing-motor vessel, each seat is equipped with seat belts.

150 Figure 1 - 20 shows the layout options for the vessel "Ark-3", including

FIG. 1-6 - a vessel with a length of 24 m, in FIG. 7 - 13 - 36 m long and in FIG. 14 - 20 - 48 m long. All-welded high-strength shipbuilding steel vessel hull (1), including superstructures (2), containers for rescue (3) and traveling (4) craft, external doors (5), aircraft container (6), external windows (7) and

155 hatches of holds, maximally equal strength in cross sections and not less than 6 times stronger than the hull, constructed in accordance with the standards of the Registers.

In the bow and center of the vessel, between the bottom and the living deck, the hull lining is predominantly pasted over, and all cargo-free spaces (8) of the holds (9) are filled with lightweight foam with closed porosity, for example, polystyrene foam,

160 ensuring the unsinkability of the vessel, and at the level of the living deck, in superstructures and in the engine room, with non-combustible and durable foam, for example, foam glass (10), increasing the strength of the hull, giving the sides bulletproof properties, reducing risks during fires and also ensuring the unsinkability of the vessel.

The vessel has predominantly one propeller with a valine (11) and sternwood

165 seal (12).

In the engine room, there is a hydrogenerator (13), a reversible gear summing and disconnecting the engines from the shaft line (14), heat engines (15), an electric generator (16), and a set of machines, workbenches and cabinets with sets of tools, spare parts and materials (17). In addition, in the engine room there may be

170 desalination plants, a sailing workshop, units of heating, ventilation, air conditioning, fire fighting, drainage compartments and others, as well as fishing, underwater equipment and cabinets with a set of spare devices are located.

The foundations of heat engines, a gear unit, a hydrogenerator and a main electric generator are mounted mainly on a set of bottoms. Spaces by

175 sides of the foundations between the frames is used to accommodate batteries (18), with a capacity of at least 4000 Ah. in terms of each seat.

The hold (9) is intended for storage of materials, machines and mechanisms necessary for the development of uninhabited coasts. At the level of the hold in the bow of the vessel are a bow thruster (19) and containers for storing liquids (20). This space

180 can also be used as a hold for other purposes.

At the level of the living deck, the vessel has a sealed hold (21) for storing motor vehicles and watercraft necessary for reconnaissance and development of uninhabited coasts, a sealed hold (22) for storing a helicopter, necessary for surveying fairways and coasts, a bathhouse and laundry room (23), and bathrooms (24), passenger and crew cabins (25), gangways for

185 access for passengers and crew to the living deck and their evacuation (26) through superstructures on the main deck, skipper room (27) with hatch and gangway (28), galley (29), door for access to holds without depressurization (30), cabins -company (31), hospital (32). To access the engine room and cargo hold, hatches with ramps are used (33).

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REPLACE ITS SHEET RULE 26 The holds are equipped with devices for unfastening a motor vehicle and a ship, as well as a helicopter in case of a coup, for example, inflatable shock absorbers.

Storage rooms (34) are also located at the level of the living deck, characterized in that for 195, in order to significantly save energy, their rooms for storing various products at different temperatures are located one inside the other and are separated by heat-insulating partitions and doors, and heat energy extraction devices (35 ) are installed mainly in the interior.

On the main deck there is a set of mooring devices, superstructures for the 200 wheelhouse and ladder onto the living deck (2), containers for life rafts (3), outboard boats (4) and a motor hang glider or motor-glider (6), port lights for the living deck (7), hatches in the hold with stocks of equipment, mechanisms and materials (36), at least two bow and one stern anchor spiers (37) or windlass with chain locks (38), skipper hatch (39), pantry loading hatch (40), bulwark with 205 reinforced pylons (41), emergency generator (42), sealed l yuki helicopter holds (43), as well as the main and side projectors, including infrared.

The reinforced pylons of the main deck bulwarks are mainly attached with belts with locks remotely controlled from the wheelhouse, inflatable balloons (44) made of elastic gas-tight durable material in 210 folded condition, filled with gas in case of emergency emergency increase in the displacement of the vessel.

Mostly on the utah of the main deck mounted devices for mounting means of special active protection (45).

215 Navigation tables and cabinets made of impervious to charged particles and radiation cabinets with communication, navigation, signaling, heat engine, electric generator and thruster control devices, ventilation, air conditioning, heating, drainage, fire alarm and fire fighting, security systems are located in the wheelhouse alarm and internal and 220 external circular, including night video surveillance.

Above the wheelhouse there is an open bridge fenced with leeers with devices and control panels of the ship's systems used in narrow traffic.

Loading - unloading to the shore or water of motor vehicles and boats from the hold (21) is carried out through the aft gate - ramp (46).

225 The rudder (47) of the vessel is controlled by the steering machine (48).

The rudder, valolin and propeller are protected against damage by the bottom of the water jet type

(49).

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SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) For the convenience of repairing the equipment of the engine room and loading materials in the decks above it there are hermetic hatches (50), cargoes to which are supplied with 230 using the mast (51) as a cargo boom. The same rhea - arrow is used to service a helicopter hold and hold for storing supplies of materials, mechanisms and equipment.

Mostly along the entire length of the hull there is a second bottom (52), under which there are tanks (53) for fuels and lubricants, drinking water and sewage with

235 systems for pumping liquids from tank to tank to eliminate roll and trim.

The vessel has chain boxes (54) with chains and anchor clues (55), as well as no less than 2 bow and 1 stern anchor anchors.

On the Ark-3 vessel, a bowsprit (56) and a minimum of two masts (57) with sails of a predominantly Bermuda type are installed, characterized in that the masts have

240 devices mainly with hinges (57) for their quick installation on decks and superstructures. At the same time, in order to be able to counter-stack masts, at least the axes of two of them are displaced relative to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the hull to the opposite sides at least by the size of their radius, or the hinge axes are vertically offset from one another by a minimum of the diameter of the masts.

245 On the superstructures and the bowsprit there are devices for fast and rigid fastening of the lowered masts (59), which protect them and the bowsprit from breakdowns when the vessel turns over. Similar devices can be used for additional mounting of masts between themselves and with decks.

Wind poles (60) and solar panels (61) are mounted on the masts, 250 output terminals of which are connected to output terminals of electric generators driven by heat engines, hydro generators and storage batteries, forming a unified power supply and electric power storage system for the vessel.

The Ark-3 vessel is equipped with standard and emergency predominantly waterproof LED systems.

255 Along the joints of the bottom of the hull with the sides, cheekbones (62) can be installed, which reduce the pitching and improve the running characteristics of the vessel when sailing.

Sailing-motor vessel of the Ark-2 type is located at the port berth or on the roadstead in a fully equipped condition for at least three years of autonomous navigation and with 260 holds filled with machines, mechanisms, spare parts and supplies necessary to find a suitable coast for living and to develop . The power supply of the vessel and the shift is carried out mainly from wind power generators and solar panels, which also support batteries in a fully charged state. In case of emergency threat information

265 crew and passengers arrive on the ship and it immediately goes into the open sea, heading towards the greatest depths.

In the case of information about the occurrence of an emergency - the occurrence of a tsunami or a hurricane with a wind speed of more than 30 - 35 m / s, the crew immediately lowers the masts and rigidly fastens them to the superstructures, decks and among themselves,

270 shuts down all exterior windows, hatches and doors and, with the help of the main heat engines, directs the ship into the least hazardous area.

When approaching a dangerously large wave, the crew, depending on whether this wave has a crest, turns the vessel either with its bow to the wave or with its side. All passengers and crew are wearing seat belts.

275 In the event of a coup d'etat in a crest of a large wave with its immersion under water, the crew, after the completion of the flips, fills the cylinders fixed along the bulwarks with gas, as a result of which the ship quickly becomes an even keel and floats to the surface. In the absence of dangers, the crew lowers the gas from the cylinders and turns them off, sets up the masts, raises the sails and starts moving primarily in safety

280 direction.

If information is received about a nuclear explosion, the beginning of volcanic eruptions, or about the inevitable fall of a large celestial body onto the Earth, the crew lowers and fastens the masts, closes the exterior windows, hatches and doors and directs the ship into the least hazardous area. If necessary, the crew covers all exits of the ship’s systems beyond

285 limits of its body and includes systems for purifying air from harmful gases (dust), as well as air recovery in residential and working compartments.

In the event of the beginning of a sharp and significant cooling of the climate, the crew turns on the ship’s heating system and sends it to the most favorable water area. When meeting with ice, the crew uses both heat engines. When anchoring a vessel with

290 iced spiers and kluzami use their heating system.

If information is received about the beginning of abnormally intense explosions on the Sun or about a nuclear explosion, the watch breaks the closed circuits of the ship’s power supply network and disconnects the connectors between the communication, navigation and other devices located in the cabin cabinets that are impervious to charged particles and radiation, and the elements

295 of these systems are outside cabinets. If the particle fluxes and the radiation intensity are so high that the instruments still fail, the crew, after the termination of these fluxes and radiation, replaces the damaged instruments with spare ones located in the same cabinets at the bottom of the vessel.

In the event of an attack on a pirate ship, its crew and passengers will be protected by 300 bulletproof sides and bulletproof vests. In addition, they will be able to use personal weapons of self-defense, and in the case of obtaining the necessary permits from government bodies - means of active special protection.

A vessel of the type "Ark-3" is not only the safest among the ships known from the prior art in terms of unsinkability and stability, but it also has autonomy of at least three years, during which the crew and passengers will be able to wait until the listed climatic, geological, military , social and other disasters.

Stocks in the ship’s pantries with the maximum use of available fishing and underwater equipment for seafood production ensure the food safety of passengers and crew for at least three years.

The combined use of wind power generators, solar panels and sailing weapons, which allows replenishing the energy reserves in batteries with the help of hydroelectric generators (electric generators with drives from heat engines to save fuel are used only in exceptional cases), as well as energy-saving lighting and storage rooms provide energy security for passengers and crew.

During such a period, the crew and passengers will be able to reach any point of the globe favorable for settlement, examine it, including using the aircraft on board the vessel, and land on shore using motor vehicles and boats located in the hold.

The use of stocks of materials, spare parts, mechanisms placed in the holds (for example, a collapsible building, a floating hydroelectric power station, wind power station, agricultural machinery and others), as well as equipment and materials of the ship’s engine compartment will allow the crew and passengers of the ship to settle in a new place of residence in a relatively short time.

If forecasts of impending catastrophes turn out to be somewhat exaggerated, the owners of the Ark-3 will be able to cruise to anywhere in the ocean in the conditions of maximum safety and comfort, or use it as a residence, providing independence in the choice of country of residence and the opportunity fast, without unnecessary problems and the loss of its shift.

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SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

Claims

Formula.

1. Sailing-motor vessel "Ark-3" with a length of 24 m to 48 m, having 335 all-welded hull, folding masts, inflatable balloons of emergency increase in displacement, electric generators driven by heat engines, wind generators, hydroelectric generators and storage batteries, means for providing unsinkability from foam, non-wettable with closed porosity, with which the internal cavities of the vessel, food storage rooms, and ventilation systems are filled,

340 communications, navigation, signaling and others, characterized in that its masts are folded mainly in hinges located above the superstructures, and the axis of the masts are shifted to the sides relative to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the hull by a minimum of their radius or the axis of the hinges are shifted in height one relative to the other minimum on the diameter of the masts, that the inflatable balloons are attached to bulwark pylons mainly with straps

345 with predominantly remotely controlled locks from the wheelhouse.

2. A vessel having an all-welded hull, electric generators and batteries, communication, navigation, alarm systems and others, as well as pantries for products, characterized in that pantries for storing products at different temperatures are placed one into another and separated by heat-insulating walls and doors, and appliances

350 heat extraction are located mainly in the inner of them.

3. The vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with rechargeable batteries with a capacity of at least 4000 A.- hour. in terms of each seat.

4. The ship according to claim 1, characterized in that the output terminals of power generators driven by heat engines, wind generators, hydroelectric generators and

355 batteries are connected to the output terminals of the converters of solar radiation into electricity, forming a single network of electricity supply and storage of electricity.

5. The vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that the power supply circuits of the vessel are equipped mainly with remotely controlled devices from the wheelhouse

360 disconnects from power circuits.

6. The vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that the communication, navigation, signaling and other devices are placed on it in cabinets made of impervious to charged particles and radiation materials equipped with connectors for disconnecting the circuits of systems outside the cabinets from the devices in the cabinets, and a set of spare electronic units of these devices are placed

365 mainly at the bottom of the vessel in cabinets of the same material.

7. The vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that all the exits of the systems outside the hull are equipped with dampers (valves, valves) that withstand the external pressure of gases and water with a force of at least 3 kg / sq. Cm.

8. The vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that its supply ventilation is equipped with a 370 air purification system from harmful gases and dust.

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SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

9. The vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that its residential and working compartments are equipped with air recovery devices.

10. The ship according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with an icebreaker type bow, heating systems for cluses and spiers (windlass), as well as no less than two

375 heat engines with a total capacity of twice the standard.

11. The vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that the seats of passengers and crew on it are equipped with safety belts.

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SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)