RU2398707C2 - "kovcheg-1" type motor sailer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to water transport and can be used in constructing motor sailers. Proposed motor sailer has 24-to-36 m-long hull with inner compartments, at least one screw propeller, at least one fuel tank, at least one drinking water tank, distilling plant, at least one mast with sails, appliance to facilitate unsinkability made from impermeable closed-porosity material that fills inner chambers of the hull, storage batteries and refrigerators to store foodstuffs. Volume of fuel tank or total volume of fuel tanks makes at least 8 m³. Drinking tank volume makes at least 6 m³. Volume of refrigerator chambers makes at least 4 m³. There are hold and compartments inside sailer hull for car, motor boat, fishing and diving equipment. Sailer is furnished with inflatable pontoons secured to the hull and storage batteries.

EFFECT: higher reliability and safety, autonomous navigation.

6 cl

Description

The invention relates to shipbuilding. The goal is to create a vessel of an unlimited navigation area that has no analogues in safety and autonomy.

From the prior art (RU 2200118 and according to media reports) it is known about the beginning of the construction in several countries of ships with autonomy of decades, nuclear power plants, means for the extraction of seafood, compartments for livestock, poultry, vegetable gardens, etc.

These vessels have significant disadvantages:

- high price (up to $ 2,500,000 per passenger);

- large sizes at which the casing for unsinkability upon impact, for example, on reefs should have a thickness of up to 300 mm and, accordingly, a reinforced frame, which will increase the price of a passenger seat to 5-6 million dollars.

But such a design will not ensure safety:

- upon impact, depressurization of compartments is possible, which will be impossible to repair outside a specialized plant;

- when such a ship hits the tsunami, it will inevitably turn over and, even if it is not broken, will not restore its position on the water. The designers of the most durable ships - battleships - could not give them similar properties.

For these reasons, the length of the hull of a sailing-motor vessel of the Ark-1 type is limited to 36 meters.

Sailing-motor vessels with a length of 24 to 36 meters (URL: //www.vachting2000.ru/produkcija/ot-24m-do-40/) with internal cavities having at least one propeller driven by at least than one engine (“Marine Dictionary”, p. 324, ed. “Water Transport”, 1965), at least one fuel tank, at least one folding or telescopic mast with sails (RU 2041120) for passage, for example, under low bridges, at least one tank and at least one desalination plant (RU 42998) to supply the crew with drinking (fresh) water, not less more than one diesel or benzoelectric generator (RU 1320120), wind generator (RU 1134479, RU 2200118), hydroelectric generator (RU 2038264), solar (RU 2195754) and rechargeable (RU 2038263, RU 2038264) batteries for supplying the vessel with electric power, refrigeration cameras ( RU 86717, SU 1101380) for storing crew food, an unsinkability aid made of a non-wettable material with closed porosity that fills the internal cavities of the hull (RU 2252144, SU 338441, RU 2245816, RU 2175619, RU 13558) or that covers the skin hulls (RU 71316) and inflatable containers ty (RU 61677), located inside the vessel, filled with gas in case of threat of flooding.

In accordance with the rules of the Maritime Register (“Register of Shipping of Russia”, 1999), motor-sailing vessels up to 36 meters long are equipped with liquid fuel tanks with a volume of up to 0.8 cubic meters. meter. Such a supply of fuel is enough to power the vessel for 8 days. However, in cases of failure of wind generators and solar panels due to, for example, powerful magnetic storms, while at the same time it is impossible to use hydro generators of this time, it may not be enough to repair (replace) equipment or establish favorable weather conditions. The ship’s power supply will stop.

On a sailing-motor vessel of the Ark-1 type, energy security is achieved by placing at least 8 cubic meters of fuel tanks in the hull. meters, which is enough to power the vessel for at least 80 days.

According to the same rules, the capacity of fresh water tanks of sailing-motor vessels up to 36 meters long is not more than 2 cubic meters. meters. This is a reserve for 6 days, which, if the desalination plant fails, may not be enough to replenish water supplies.

On a sailing-motor vessel of the Ark-1 type, the crew is supplied with water from tanks with a volume of at least 6 cubic meters. meters. This water is enough for 24 days, for which you can repair the desalination plant or reach the most remote coasts.

Vessels up to 36 meters long are equipped with batteries with a capacity of up to 10,000 Ah according to the rules of the Maritime Register. However, in the absence of technical or weather conditions, the possibility of using other sources of electricity of such capacity is enough to supply the vessel only during the day, which may not be enough to repair the generators, replenish fuel reserves or establish more favorable weather conditions.

Sailing-motor vessel "Ark-1" is equipped with batteries with a capacity of at least 50,000 A · h, which fivefold increases energy security.

To supply the crew with perishable foodstuffs while saving energy consumed by refrigeration units, cameras are used located one in the other, the spaces inside which are ventilated. However, in practice and according to the rules of the Maritime Register, passenger ships up to 36 meters in length are equipped with refcameras up to 0.6 cubic meters. meter. The products that can be placed in them are enough to power the crew for 33 days, which is normal in normal conditions, but not enough in extreme conditions.

The design of the sailing-motor vessel of the Ark-1 type includes refrigeration chambers with a volume of at least 4 cubic meters. meters, which increases the autonomy of navigation on food supplies up to 320 days, and taking into account the use of seafood and commercial hunting products - up to 1100 days.

In order to ensure the buoyancy of the vessel, even in the event of its full flooding with water, foam materials and inflatable containers are used, filled with gas in case of a threat of flooding. However, these methods do not solve the problem of quick recovery of the vessel to its normal position in the event of a coup (coups).

In the Sailing-motor vessel of the Ark-1 type, the problem of quick restoration to a normal position after a coup is solved by securing inflatable cylinders on the upper edges of the sides, the compressed gas to which is supplied only in the event of a coup.

Projects of passenger ships of the specified length according to the rules of the Maritime Register do not provide for holds. However, in case of emergency, the crew will need a significant amount of materials, equipment, spare parts, clothing, etc., which are not taken on a normal trip.

On the sailing-motor vessel of the Ark-1 type, stocks are also placed in a hold of at least 8 cubic meters. meters.

On passenger ships of the indicated sizes, according to the rules of the Maritime Register, rescue and traveling boats are located on the upper decks, and loading of the car is not foreseen at all. However, in the event of a ship overturn from external decks, any equipment will be washed off and the crew will be without boats, and in the case of landing on an uninhabited coast - without a vehicle.

Inside the hull of a sailing-motor vessel of the Ark-1 type, a special compartment is provided for storing a motor vehicle and a boat, which is located mainly in the stern at the waterline level and is equipped with a ramp which is predominantly lowered into the water and is firmly pressed to the hull during the vessel’s transitions.

As a rule, on all passenger ships there are lockers (boxes) for storing fishing and diving equipment for sports fishing and diving. However, with a long stay in autonomous navigation, the extraction of seafood will turn into an urgent need and the available lockers will not be enough to store professional equipment.

On the sailing-motor vessel of the Ark-1 type, the stocks of fishing and underwater equipment are stored in special rooms with a volume of at least 4 cubic meters. meters.

The listed essential features of the Sail-motor vessel of the Ark-1 type require premises and cavities inside the hull, the volume of which limits the minimum length of the vessel to 24 meters.

Sailing-motor vessel of the type "Ark-1" is located at the pier of the seaport or on the roadstead in a fully equipped condition. Its tanks are filled with fuel and water, refrigerators are loaded with food, and the hold is stocked with equipment, spare parts, clothes, etc. In a special compartment there is a car and a boat, rigidly unfastened in all planes between bulkheads and decks. In the storage room for fishing and underwater equipment, its professional kit is complex and fixed. Cabins for the crew are fully prepared for living. All mechanisms and systems are checked.

In the event of information about the threat of an emergency, the crew arrives on the ship, and it immediately goes to sea (ocean), heading towards the greatest depths.

In the event of emergency information, the crew immediately lowers the masts and rigidly fastens them to the deck, after which it is placed in the interior, with all exterior doors and portholes closed, as well as waterproof doors and hatches in bulkheads and decks.

In the case of detecting the approach of a wave three times lower than the length of the vessel, the crew directs the vessel into the wave.

In the event of detecting a wave of greater height, the crew turns the ship onboard to the wave, which turns it over one or more times.

When the ship’s overturns cease, the crew opens the valve for filling the elastic containers fixed on the upper edges of the sides with gas from the cylinders prefilled with them. Tanks quickly fill up, helping the ship to float out of the water in a normal position.

After the disappearance of threats, the crew goes to the upper decks, bleeds air from the elastic tanks, re-securing them on the sides in a folded state, sets up the masts, raises the sails and starts moving the ship in the most safe direction.

When the vessel is moving in order to save fuel, wind, solar and hydroelectric generators are used to the maximum.

To save food stocks, professional kits of fishing, underwater and hunting equipment are used to the maximum.

If it is necessary to inspect a gate perspective for landing, the ramp — the gates — are depressurized and lowered onto the water (shore), and a boat or car is unloaded from a special compartment.

If it is necessary to equip the crew ashore, necessary equipment, equipment, etc., are removed from the holds.

In general, the design of the Sailing-motor vessel of the Ark-1 type allows the crew to be in autonomous navigation for up to 3 years, choosing a place to live on the shores of the seas (oceans).

Claims (6)

1. Sailing-motor vessel, characterized in that it contains a hull from 24 to 36 m long with internal cavities, at least one propeller driven by at least one diesel engine, at least one fuel tank, at least one tank for drinking water and desalination plant, at least one mast with sails, an unsinkability aid made of non-wettable material with closed porosity, which fill the body’s internal cavities, storage batteries, refrigerator chambers s to store food, the volume of the fuel tank or the total volume of the fuel tanks is not less than 8 m ^3, the volume of the tank or the total volume of the tanks for fresh water is not less than 6 m ^3, and volume refrigerated chambers for storing food is not less than 4 m ³ . 2. The vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that it has at least one hold with a volume of at least 8 m ³ . 3. The vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that it has inside the hull a room for storing a car, a boat with a volume of at least 8 m ³ . 4. The vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that it has inside the hull premises for storing fishing and underwater equipment with a volume of at least 4 m ³ . 5. The vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with inflatable balloons attached to the hull and intended for emergency emergency increase in the displacement of the vessel. 6. The ship according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with batteries with a total capacity of at least 50,000 Ah.