WO2011128094A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum erstellen eines produktionsablaufplans und zur handhabung eines produktionsprozesses - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zum erstellen eines produktionsablaufplans und zur handhabung eines produktionsprozesses Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011128094A1 WO2011128094A1 PCT/EP2011/001880 EP2011001880W WO2011128094A1 WO 2011128094 A1 WO2011128094 A1 WO 2011128094A1 EP 2011001880 W EP2011001880 W EP 2011001880W WO 2011128094 A1 WO2011128094 A1 WO 2011128094A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- production
- program
- orders
- products
- rolling
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
Definitions
- the invention relates to production processes in a production process, in particular for the hot rolling process in which slabs are rolled into rolls. Furthermore, the invention relates to methods for optimizing the production process in a production process and for handling the respective production process.
- slabs are rolled into so-called rolls. This process takes place under extreme conditions, such. B. at temperatures well above 1,000 ° C, make the high demands on the rolling machines.
- the rollers must exert high pressures on the slabs, the pressures must be set accurately.
- the pressures are very high because the slabs in the hot rolling mill are to be rolled from a thickness of about 200 to 300 mm to a thickness of 1 to 6 mm. The adjustment of the pressure is important in order to obtain a sufficient steel quality.
- the hot rolling process usually takes place in several stages, which must pass through a slab in succession.
- slabs are fed at a temperature of about 1200 ° C a roughing mill, which initially reduces the thickness to about 50 mm.
- the finishing train comprises a plurality of rollers arranged one behind the other, which must pass through the roughly rolled slabs, thereby obtaining their desired thicknesses.
- the rolled slabs are wound into rolls.
- rollers are in direct contact with the passing steel of the slabs and exert pressure on them to reduce their thickness. Therefore, the rollers are subject to wear. In particular, the edges of the slabs leave notches in the rolls when several successive slabs of equal width have been rolled, and thus the edges of the edges of the rolled rolls are pressed onto the roll at one location.
- a rolling program comprises one or more program parts, in which the slabs are combined with similar widths, that is, one width category.
- production planning is not trivial. So far, the production process has been created manually, with production planning based on ad-hoc decisions and can only be carried out simultaneously for two to three rolling programs.
- the method is intended to allow also a manual interaction to be allowed to ensure that certain cases and exceptions can be considered in the production schedule.
- This object is achieved by the method for creating a production flow plan for a production process and / or for handling a production process according to claim 1 and by the device and the computer program product according to the independent claims.
- Production schedule for a production process and for handling a production process, in particular for a hot rolling process provided.
- the production process is divided into individual successive production programs, with a production program indicating a production process for producing products according to several production orders.
- the method comprises the following steps:
- Program skeletons are supplemented with production orders from the remaining production orders; - Generating the production program from the program part, in particular for improved handling of the respective production process.
- One idea of the above method is to provide a way of creating an optimized production schedule, particularly with regard to improved, optimized handling of the respective production process, in which a larger quantity of production orders can be taken into account.
- the program skeleton may be a sequence of production orders for the production of products having different first characteristics from each other and second properties of a predetermined common category
- Production orders are given an initial value and a final value for the first property for products to be produced, the sequence of
- Production orders are supplemented with a dummy production order provided, which is not included in the quantity of the production orders provided, if a difference of the first characteristics of products of two
- Program parts selected program parts wherein selecting the program parts to be combined according to a predetermined
- the several program parts to be combined can be assigned to different categories for the second property, the program parts of different categories being selected so that they can be combined within a production program in accordance with a predetermined production program rule.
- the production process may correspond to a hot rolling process for producing rolls from slabs, the first characteristic in particular corresponding to a thickness of the rolls to be produced and a second characteristic in particular to a width of the rolls to be produced, the sequence of
- Production orders of the program skeleton is created so that, for example, the thickness of the products to be produced decreases.
- Production programs is divided, with a production program one
- Indicates production orders the device being designed such that: - an indication of a set of production orders for the manufacture of products is obtainable, the production orders indicating the number and characteristics of the products to be produced;
- a program skeleton can be created from some of the production orders, so that a production sequence is defined which has a minimum number of
- a program part for the production program can be formed by the
- Program skeleton is supplemented with production orders from the other production orders;
- Production schedule for a production process Means for carrying out and / or carrying out the aforementioned related method.
- means are provided for creating an optimized production schedule, so that a larger quantity of production orders can be taken into account and / or utilized. Since a program skeleton can first be created for each program part, it can be ensured for a small number of selected production orders that the rules for the production sequence within a production program are adhered to.
- Property of the products to be produced is maximum and does not exceed a maximum value. In this way, a program skeleton can be created, which leads to a valid production program. In particular, funds can be provided with which to create the
- Program skeletons of the sequence of production orders an initial value and a final value for the first property for products to be manufactured is predetermined, the sequence of production orders with a dummy production order provided, which is not included in the set of production orders provided, can be supplemented if a difference of first characteristics of products of two production orders whose first properties are closest to each other, exceeds the maximum value.
- the several program parts to be combined can be assigned to different categories for the second property, the program parts of different categories being selectable in such a way that they can be combined within a production program in accordance with a predetermined production program rule.
- the program part is formed with a limited number of production orders.
- the underlying production process can be an example
- Hot rolling process for producing rolls of slabs correspond, wherein the first property in particular a thickness of the rolls to be produced and a second property may correspond in particular to a width of the rolls to be produced, and wherein the sequence of production orders of the
- Program skeletons are created so that the thickness of the products to be produced decreases.
- the production program is machine-readable and / or executable according to the system and / or method
- Program code elements or program code means or a corresponding program code which for the implementation and execution of the above-described method to a data processing device, in particular a data processing device for process control, in particular an MES (Manufacturing Execution System) or a control system or a
- MES Manufacturing Execution System
- Control device or a control room of the respective
- Automation process for implementation and / or execution transmitted and / or subsequently executed.
- a computer program product includes program code that, when executed on a computing device, performs the above method.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a sequence of the hot rolling process in a hot rolling mill
- Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a hot rolling program with several
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating the method for creating a production schedule for a hot rolling process.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically the course of a hot rolling process. From a slab store 10 into which slabs made in a smelting facility are stored, the slabs are first fed to a roughing process 11, in which the slabs are pre-rolled to a thickness of approximately 50 mm to a thickness of approximately 200 to 300 mm. Requirements for the quality of the rolled surface are negligible here. The roughly rolled slabs are then rolled to their desired thickness in a finish rolling process 12. Subsequently, the rolled slabs are wound in a winding process 13 on rollers (products).
- the production process in the hot rolling mill must meet a number of rules derived from the physical constraints of the production machinery, which are necessary to keep the quality of the final product as high as possible.
- the type and number of rolls (products) to be produced in the hot rolling process is usually taken as a rolling order a rolling order book.
- the rolling order contains detailed information about the number and characteristics of the rolls to be produced, the date of completion, the required quality of the rolls and the like.
- the chemical properties of the rolls to be produced are determined by the type of steel and clearly assigned to the slab used to roll the roll. Furthermore, the rolling application determines the roll thickness and the roll width, the roll width being determined within a certain range that can be produced by the rolling mill.
- the desired thickness of the steel strip of the roll to be rolled may usually vary between 10 mm and 1.5 mm.
- the quality of the finished roll is determined by many different factors such as the flatness of the rolled strip, the uniformity of the thickness and the surface certainly. These properties are highly dependent on the arrangement of the press rolls within the order processing sequence in the hot rolling mill.
- the hot rolling mill can not be operated continuously. After a certain number of finished rolling jobs, it is necessary to replace the press rolls in the finish rolling process and to install a new set of press rolls in a rolling break.
- the production process for rolling rolls between two rolling breaks is called a rolling program.
- the maximum length of a rolling program can be defined either by setting the maximum number of rolling orders for each rolling program or by limiting the absolute length (e.g., in kilometers) of the steel strip to be produced.
- an initial program part may be provided by rolling successive slabs starting from a small width to a higher width to warm up the rolls.
- the slabs are rolled with decreasing width, so that each press roll within a rolling program usually only rolls slabs having the same or a smaller width than the previously rolled slab.
- the reason for this is that after a certain number of slabs of the same width have been processed, the edges of the edges of the slabs or the steel strip to be rolled have scored the press rolls. For subsequent slabs that are rolled into a larger gauge steel strip, the notches on the press rolls would then be transferred back to the rolled steel so that they would have poor surface quality.
- FIG. 2 shows a rolling program with a typical width profile.
- Each vertical bar corresponds to a rolling order for one or more rolls of certain properties and widths to be rolled.
- the main part of the program is divided into several program parts whose rolling orders or slabs are assigned to a certain width category.
- the width categories may be labeled as Large L, Medium M and Small S, for example.
- the production schedules for the rolls within a program must be made based on exact requirements depending on their thicknesses.
- the quality of a roll depends on its position within a rolling program due to the wear of the press rolls, since the deformations of the press roll are reflected on the steel strip to be rolled.
- the rolling of high quality rolls can be done within the rolling program only at certain temporal production sequence positions, namely preferably at the beginning of the processing of slabs of a width category. Mixing program parts to produce rolls of different quality is usually not possible. As a rule, it is therefore provided that, within a width category, first the rolls of a high quality and then the rolls of a lower quality are rolled, before rolls of a smaller width category are next rolled within the same rolling program.
- a first step S1 the unprocessed rolling orders are provided, i. those rolling orders that are not yet included in a production schedule.
- the rolling orders may be manual or provided by an automated order management system.
- a program skeleton is created that contains the smallest number of roles that is necessary to build up a formally valid rolling program.
- the minimum number of roles is not exactly defined.
- rolling programs can be rolled from six to ten slabs, and for optimal utilization of the hot rolling mill, at least as many slabs should be processed as can be provided by the slab heating furnaces at the entrance of the hot rolling process. For reasons of inefficiency, therefore, no rolling programs are rolled in which the number of slabs falls below the number of places of the heating ovens.
- the slabs intended for the program skeleton relate to the reduction in thickness within the rolling program concerned.
- the rolling orders are selected so that they relate to rolls to be produced, whose different thicknesses have a maximum distance from one another but at the same time one Do not exceed the maximum value for a permitted reduction in thickness between successive rolling orders.
- the assembly of the rolling orders according to this rule is continued until the minimum permissible thickness or a predetermined final value for the thickness is reached.
- the sequence of slabs or rolling orders passing through the hot rolling process which is created according to the rule that between the individual rolling orders the maximum allowable reduction of the thickness is not exceeded, forms the program skeleton.
- some of the rolling orders can be replaced by so-called dummy rolling orders, with only a maximum number of dummy rolling orders per rolling program is desired.
- the slabs are arranged in the rolling program such that the width and thickness of the rolls to be rolled are sorted slightly monotonically decreasing
- step S2 are the program skeletons with which the individual rolling programs can be predefined.
- step S3 the gaps and available places in the program skeletons are filled.
- program parts which are then completed with the aid of a suitable optimization method
- Rolling programs can be connected.
- Each part of the program comprises rolling orders of a certain width category.
- the replenishment of the program skeleton takes place in consideration of the above rules and usually inserts only rolling orders in the program part, which are assigned to the same width category.
- the thicknesses and widths of successive rolling orders may only remain the same or decrease.
- step S4 the program parts are assembled into longer rolling programs, this being done so that the press rolls need to be replaced less frequently and thus the rolling program can be extended without overriding the rules described above.
- the optimal combination of program parts is ensured by solving a max-flow-min-cost problem.
- the aim of this optimization process is to combine as many program parts as possible in a rolling program in order to reduce the relative proportion of rolling breaks in the entire production time.
- the combination of two parts of the program takes place with the help of an expense and / or cost function, which is generally freely definable.
- the expense or cost function may describe that program parts containing many slabs are preferably to be combined or that program parts include the rolling orders that have similar completion times, preferably to be combined. If a maximum number of program parts per rolling program is specified, then those rolling programs are selected whose program parts cause the least cost and / or the least expense, in particular the least technical outlay.
- step S5 After the optimization by combining the program parts further adjustments are made in step S5.
- the adjustments of step S5 are made by a post-optimization step, wherein initially the created rolling programs are ordered, for. B. after the earliest completion date, ie the most urgent rolling programs are processed first. Then you try to create the dummy roll jobs that were created when creating the program skeleton, to substitute real rolling orders from less urgent rolling programs if they are not among the necessary rolling orders for the rolling program concerned. Finally, an attempt is made to exchange the rolling orders between the rolling programs in such a way that the completion dates of the rolling orders become more homogeneous within a rolling program. In this way, storage and allocation costs and / or the storage and allocation costs can be reduced at the end of the hot rolling process.
- the present invention also encompasses any combinations of preferred embodiments as well as individual design features or developments, provided that they are not mutually exclusive.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112011101315T DE112011101315A5 (de) | 2010-04-14 | 2011-04-14 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erstellen eines Produktionsablaufplans und zur Handhabung eines Produktionsprozesses |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010015001.0 | 2010-04-14 | ||
DE102010015001A DE102010015001A1 (de) | 2010-04-14 | 2010-04-14 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erstellen eines Produktionsablaufplans |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2011128094A1 true WO2011128094A1 (de) | 2011-10-20 |
WO2011128094A8 WO2011128094A8 (de) | 2012-01-05 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP2011/001880 WO2011128094A1 (de) | 2010-04-14 | 2011-04-14 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum erstellen eines produktionsablaufplans und zur handhabung eines produktionsprozesses |
Country Status (2)
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DE (2) | DE102010015001A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2011128094A1 (de) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10112681A1 (de) * | 2000-03-31 | 2001-10-11 | Ibm | Verfahren und Systeme zur Arbeitsplanung |
DE102007036325A1 (de) * | 2007-07-31 | 2009-02-05 | Abb Research Ltd. | Verfahren und System zur Erstellung eines Produktionsplans für eine Produktionsanlage |
DE102007041424A1 (de) * | 2007-08-31 | 2009-03-05 | Abb Research Ltd. | Verfahren und System zur optimierten Planung komplexer Produktionsabfolgen in großtechnischen Anlagenbetrieben |
-
2010
- 2010-04-14 DE DE102010015001A patent/DE102010015001A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-04-14 DE DE112011101315T patent/DE112011101315A5/de not_active Ceased
- 2011-04-14 WO PCT/EP2011/001880 patent/WO2011128094A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10112681A1 (de) * | 2000-03-31 | 2001-10-11 | Ibm | Verfahren und Systeme zur Arbeitsplanung |
DE102007036325A1 (de) * | 2007-07-31 | 2009-02-05 | Abb Research Ltd. | Verfahren und System zur Erstellung eines Produktionsplans für eine Produktionsanlage |
DE102007041424A1 (de) * | 2007-08-31 | 2009-03-05 | Abb Research Ltd. | Verfahren und System zur optimierten Planung komplexer Produktionsabfolgen in großtechnischen Anlagenbetrieben |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE102010015001A1 (de) | 2011-10-20 |
DE112011101315A5 (de) | 2013-01-31 |
WO2011128094A8 (de) | 2012-01-05 |
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