WO2011126490A1 - Endplate of an intervertebral implant and implant - Google Patents

Endplate of an intervertebral implant and implant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011126490A1
WO2011126490A1 PCT/US2010/030523 US2010030523W WO2011126490A1 WO 2011126490 A1 WO2011126490 A1 WO 2011126490A1 US 2010030523 W US2010030523 W US 2010030523W WO 2011126490 A1 WO2011126490 A1 WO 2011126490A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
spike
spikes
bone
endplate
bone fixation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2010/030523
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Roger Berger
Joern Richter
Original Assignee
Synthes Usa, Llc
Synthes Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Synthes Usa, Llc, Synthes Gmbh filed Critical Synthes Usa, Llc
Priority to KR1020127025629A priority Critical patent/KR101699577B1/ko
Priority to CN201080066085.3A priority patent/CN102821718B/zh
Priority to DE112010005471T priority patent/DE112010005471T5/de
Priority to PCT/US2010/030523 priority patent/WO2011126490A1/en
Publication of WO2011126490A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011126490A1/en

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    • A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0014—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis
    • A61F2250/0037—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in height or in length
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
    • A61F2310/00017—Iron- or Fe-based alloys, e.g. stainless steel
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
    • A61F2310/00023—Titanium or titanium-based alloys, e.g. Ti-Ni alloys
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
    • A61F2310/00029—Cobalt-based alloys, e.g. Co-Cr alloys or Vitallium
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00179—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00389—The prosthesis being coated or covered with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00592—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of ceramics or of ceramic-like compounds
    • A61F2310/00796—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of a phosphorus-containing compound, e.g. hydroxy(l)apatite

Definitions

  • FIG. 3 is an exploded sectional end elevation view of the intervertebral implant illustrated in Fig. 2 taken along line 3-3;
  • Fig. 5B is a top plan view of the inlay illustrated in Fig. 5A
  • Fig. 5D is an end elevation view of the inlay illustrated in Fig. 5B;
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a lower plate of the intervertebral implant illustrated in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 7B is a side elevation view of the intervertebral implant similar to Fig. 7 A, but showing flexion/extension rotation;
  • Fig. 8B is a front elevation view of the intervertebral implant similar to Fig. 8A, but showing lateral bending rotation;
  • Fig. 9B is a sectional side elevation view of the intervertebral implant illustrated in Fig. 9A, taken along line 9B-9B;
  • Fig. 9D is an enlarged top plan view of a region 9D of Fig. 9 A, illustrating a first or forward spike of the intervertebral implant
  • Fig. 9E is an enlarged top plan view of a region 9E of Fig. 9 A, illustrating a second or middle spike of the intervertebral implant;
  • Fig. 9F is an enlarged top plan view of a region 9F of Fig. 9A, illustrating a third or rear spike of the intervertebral implant;
  • Fig. 1 OA is a front perspective view of one of the spikes of the endplate illustrated in Fig. 9A constructed in accordance with one embodiment
  • Fig. 10E is a side elevation view of a spike of the endplate illustrated in Fig. 9 A constructed in accordance with another embodiment
  • Fig. 11 A is a top plan view of the upper plate of the intervertebral implant illustrated in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 1 IF is an enlarged view of a third or rear spike of the intervertebral implant illustrated in Fig. 11 A;
  • Fig. 12C is a front elevation view of the spike illustrated in Fig. 12 A;
  • Fig. 12E is a side elevation view of a spike of the endplate illustrated in Fig. 11 A constructed in accordance with another embodiment
  • Figs. 13B is a perspective view of a bone fixation spike constructed in accordance with an alternative embodiment
  • Fig. 13E is a perspective view of a bone fixation spike constructed in accordance with an alternative embodiment
  • Fig. 13F is a side elevation view of the bone fixation spike illustrated in Fig. 13E;
  • Fig. 13G is a perspective view of a bone fixation spike constructed in accordance with an alternative embodiment
  • Fig. 13H is a perspective view of a bone fixation spike constructed in accordance with an alternative embodiment
  • Fig. 13 J is a perspective view of a bone fixation spike constructed in accordance with an alternative embodiment
  • Fig. 13K is a perspective view of a bone fixation spike constructed in accordance with an alternative embodiment
  • Fig. 13L is a perspective view of a bone fixation spike constructed in accordance with an alternative embodiment
  • Fig. 13M is a top plan view of the bone fixation spike illustrated in Fig. 13L;
  • Fig. 14 is a side elevation view illustrating the insertion of the
  • a superior vertebral body 12a defines a superior vertebral surface 13a of an intervertebral space 14, and an adjacent inferior vertebral body 12b defines an inferior vertebral surface 13b of the intervertebral space 14.
  • the vertebral bodies 12a-b can be anatomically adjacent vertebral bodies, or can remain after a discectomy has been performed that removed a vertebral body from a location between the vertebral bodies 12a-b.
  • the intervertebral space 14 is illustrated after a discectomy, whereby the disc material has been removed to prepare the intervertebral space 14 to receive an orthopedic implant, such as the intervertebral implant 10 illustrated in Fig. 2.
  • the implant 10 is configured to be inserted into the intervertebral space 14, and achieve restoration of height while maintaining mobility.
  • the intervertebral space 14 can be disposed anywhere along the spine as desired.
  • the implant 10 and various components of the implant are described herein extending horizontally along a longitudinal direction “L” and lateral direction “A”, and vertically along a transverse direction “T".
  • the terms “lateral,” “longitudinal,” and “transverse” are used to describe the orthogonal directional components of various components. It should be appreciated that while the longitudinal and lateral directions are illustrated as extending along a horizontal plane, and that the transverse direction is illustrated as extending along a vertical plane, the planes that encompass the various directions may differ during use.
  • the transverse direction T extends generally along the superior-inferior (or caudal-cranial) direction, while the plane defined by the longitudinal direction L and lateral direction A lie generally in the anatomical plane defined by the anterior-posterior direction, and the medial-lateral direction.
  • the directional terms "vertical” and “horizontal” are used to describe the implant 10 and its components as illustrated merely for the purposes of clarity and illustration.
  • the implant 10 generally includes a first or upper component, such as a first or upper endplate 20 adapted to engage the superior vertebral body 12a, and a second or lower component, such as a second or lower endplate 22 adapted to engage the inferior vertebral body 12b.
  • the endplates 20 and 22, and components thereof can be formed from a variety of biocompatible materials, such as cobalt chromium molybdenum (CoCrMo), titanium and titanium alloys, stainless steel, ceramics, or polymers such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), bioresorbable materials, and bonegraft (for example allograft and xenograft).
  • a coating may be added or applied to the endplates 20 and 22 to improve physical or chemical properties. The coatings may help to ensure bony in or on growth or medication. Examples of coatings include plasma-sprayed titanium coating or Hydroxyapatite.
  • the upper endplate 20 includes an upper endplate body 21 that defines a longitudinally front end 23, which provides a leading end with respect to insertion of the implant 10 into the intervertebral disc space 14.
  • the upper endplate body 21 futher defines an opposing longitudinally rear end 25, which provides a trailing end with respect to insertion of the implant 10 into the intervertebral disc space 14.
  • the upper endplate body 21 further defines opposing first and second lateral sides 27 and 29, respectively, connected between the front and rear ends 23 and 25, respectively.
  • the upper endplate 20 extends along a central longitudinal axis L-L that divides the body 21 into first and second opposing lateral regions 49 A and 49B, respectively (see Fig. 9A).
  • the lateral side 27 defines the lateral boundry of the lateral region 49A, while the lateral side 29 defines the lateral boundry of the lateral region 49B.
  • the upper endplate body 21 further presents an upper, or outer transverse bone facing surface 24, and an opposing lower, or inner transverse surface 43.
  • the upper endplate 20 includes a plurality of bone fixation spikes 39 projecting transversely outward, or up, from the bone facing surface 24 of the upper endplate body 21.
  • the lower endplate 22 includes a lower endplate body 37 that defines a longitudinal front end 47, which provides a leading end with respect to insertion of the implant 10 into the intervertebral disc space 14.
  • the lower endplate body 37 further defines an opposing longitudinal rear end 31 , which defines a trailing end with respect to insertion of the implant 10 into the intervertebral disc space 14.
  • the lower endplate body 37 also defines first and second laterally opposed sides 33 and 35, respectively, connected between the front and rear ends 47 and 31 , respectively.
  • the lower endplate 22 extends along a central longitudinal axis L-L that divides the body 23 into first and second opposing lateral regions 51 A and 5 IB, respectively (see Fig. 11A).
  • the lateral side 33 defines the lateral boundry of the lateral region 51 A, while the lateral side 35 defines the lateral boundry of the lateral region 5 IB.
  • the lower endplate body 37 further presents a lower, or outer transverse bone facing surface 26, and an opposing upper, or inner transverse surface 45.
  • the lower endplate 22 includes a plurality of bone fixation spikes 41 projecting transversely outward, or down, from the bone facing surface 26.
  • the front and rear ends of the endplates 20 and 22 are separated along the longituidnal direction L by a central lateral axis A-A (see Figs. 9A and 11 A).
  • the bone facing surfaces 24 and 26 are separated along a transverse axis T-T that extends in the transverse direction T.
  • the front ends 23 and 47 of the endplates 20 and 22 define a posterior end 11 of the implant 10 with respect to the intervertebral space 14, while the rear ends 25 and 31 of the endplates 20 and 22 define an opposing anterior end 13 of the implant 10 with respect to the intervertebral space 14.
  • the front or leading ends 23 and 47 of the endplates 20 and 22 are inserted into the posterior region of the intervertebral space 14, while the rear or trailing ends 25 and 31 of the endplates 20 and 22 are inserted into the anterior region of the intervertebral space 14.
  • the implant 10 is configured to be inserted into the intervertebral space 14 along a forward longitudinal direction that extends from the rear end 13 toward the front end 11.
  • the joint members 75 and 77 can be made of any suitable material as desired, such as cobalt chromium, and the joint surface 50 can be made of any suitable material as desired, such as polyethylene.
  • the endplates 20 and 22 can be made from any suitable material as desired, such as
  • PEEK polyetheretherketone
  • the upper endplate 20 includes a generally circular pocket 52 that extends into the lower surface 43 of the upper endplate body 21.
  • the pocket 52 has a depth that is less than the height of the upper endplate body 21, such that the pocket 52 terminates at a base 53 without extending through the endplate body 21.
  • the pocket 52 has an outer perimeter 57 that is inwardly recessed with respect to the front end 23, the rear end 25, and the lateral sides 27 and 29.
  • the perimeter 57 can be in the shape of a circle, square, rectangle, or any alternative shape as desired.
  • the pocket 52 can further be stepped so as to define a perihperal shoulder 55 that is upwardly spaced with respect to the lower surface 43, and downwardly spaced with respect to the base 53 of the pocket 52.
  • the insert 44 includes an insert body 54 that defines a first or upper end 56, an opposing second or lower end 58, and at least one side 60 extending between the upper and lower ends 56 and 58 that corresponds in shape with the perimeter 57 of the pocket 52.
  • the insert 44 includes a lip 62 that projects out from the lower end 58 of the side 60.
  • the lip 62 is recessed from the upper end 56 a distance substantially equal to the distance that the shoulder 55 of the pocket 52 is spaced with respect to the lower surface 43.
  • the insert body 54 is configured to nest within the pocket 52, such that the lip 62 of the insert body 54 is seated against the shoulder 55 of the pocket, and the upper end 56 is seated against the base 53.
  • the insert 44 can be connected to the upper endplate 20 integrally or discretely, for instance using any suitable attachment mechanism, such as an adhesive, or complementary engagement features, e.g., threads, that mate so as to lock the insert body 54 in the the pocket 52.
  • the lip 62 has a height greater than that of the shoulder 55 of the pocket 52, such that the lip 62 projects transversely inward, or down, from the lower surface 43 once the insert 44 has been fastened in the pocket 52 of the upper endplate 20.
  • the insert 44 defines a concavity 64 that projects upwards into the lower end 58 of the insert body 54.
  • the concavity 64 defines the first joint surface 46, which is round as illustrated.
  • the first joint surface 46 defines a middle portion 46a that is recessed with respect to the lower surface 43 of the upper endplate body 21, and an outer portion 46b that projects down from the lower surface 43 of the upper endplate body 21.
  • the first joint surface 46 is substantially dome shaped, thereby permitting 360° articulation between the upper and lower plates 20 and 22, respectively.
  • the first joint surface 46 can be rounded in one or more directions, for instance the longitudinal direction L and/or the lateral direction A if selective articulation is desired.
  • first joint surface 46 can be non- rounded if it is desired to prevent the upper and lower plates 20 and 22 from articulating.
  • the upper and lower plates 20 and 22 can articulate with relative to each other, can be fixed with respect to each other, and can be discretely or integrally connected.
  • the inlay 48 includes an inlay body 68 that defines a base 70 having a front end 72, a longitudinally opposing rear end 74, and laterally opposing sides 76 extending between the front and rear ends 72 and 74.
  • the inlay 48 further includes a substantially dome-shaped projection 79 laterally centered on the base 70, and longitudinally displaced closer to the front end 72 than the rear end 74.
  • the projection 79 defines the second joint surface 50, which is round and substantially dome- shaped, as illustrated.
  • the dome-shaped second joint surface 50 is defined by a radius substantially equal to that of the dome-shaped first joint surface 46 of the concavity 64, such that the first and second joint surfaces 46 and 50, when engaged, can ride along each other as the first and second endplates 20 and 22 articulate or pivot relative to each other.
  • the projection 79 has a height greater than the depth of the concavity 64, such that the base 70 is spaced from the lower surface 43 of the upper endplate 20 when the joint surfaces 46 and 50 are engaged. While the second joint surface 50 is dome-shaped as illustrated, it should be appreciated that the second joint surface 50 can assume any shape as desired as described above with respect to the first joint surface 46, such that the shape of the first and second joint surfaces 46 and 50 are complementary.
  • the inlay body 68 further includes a pair of guide wings 78 that project laterally out from the sides 76, and a snap-in projection 80 in the form of a wedge 82 that projects down from the base 70.
  • the wedge 82 presents a beveled outer surface 84 that extends upward along a longitudinally forward direction, and a transverse stop surface 86 disposed rearward with respect to the beveled outer surface 84.
  • the guide wings 78 and snap-in projection 80 facilitate insertion of the inlay 48 into the lower endplate 22, as will now be described.
  • the lower endplate 22 includes an outer rim 50 that extends inward from the upper ends of the opposing lateral sides 33 and 35 and the front end 47 of the lower endplate body 37.
  • the lower endplate body 37 thus defines a channel 88 between the upper transverse surface 45, the outer rim 50, and the lateral sides 33 and 35 and front end 47 (see also Fig. 1 IB).
  • the lower endplate 22 further includes an inwardly projecting snap-in recess 90 disposed proximate to the rear end 31 of the endplate body 37.
  • the recess 90 defines a beveled surface 92 that is angled transversely upward along a longitudinally forward direction.
  • the recess 90 further defines a transverse stop surface 94 disposed rearward of the beveled surface 92.
  • the upper and lower endplates 20 and 22 can pivot relative to each other about a lateral axis, for instance to accommodate flexions and extension of the vertebrae 12a-b.
  • the upper and lower endplates 20 and 22 can pivot relative to each other about a longitudinal axis, for instance to accommodate lateral bending of the vertebrae 12a-b.
  • the pivot axis can lie in any orientation within the horizontal plane defined by the longitudinal and lateral directions.
  • the pivot axis can be coincident with the longitudinal and lateral directions as illustrated in Figs. 7A-B and Figs. 8A-B, or the pivot axis can be offset up to 180° with respect to either or both of the longitudinal and lateral directions.
  • the implant 10 could include any alternatively constructed joint (for instance a compliant material such as a silicon cushion joined between the endplates 20 and 22) that enables relative motion between the endplates 20 and 22 in any direction, or that fixedly attaches the endplates 20 and 22.
  • a compliant material such as a silicon cushion joined between the endplates 20 and 22
  • the upper endplate 20 could carry the second joint member 77 or inlay 48
  • the lower endplate 22 could carry the first joint member 75 or insert 44.
  • the implant 10 can define a width extending along the lateral direction A that can be between approximately 13-20 mm, a length extending along the longitudinal dimension L that can be approximately 10-18 mm, and a height extending between the outer surfaces 24 and 26 along the transverse direction T that can be approximately 4-9 mm.
  • the implant 10 is suitable for implantation in an intervertebral space in the cervical and upper thoracid regions of the spine, which is characterized by the need for precision because of the relatively small dimensions of cervical intervertebral spaces.
  • the dimensions described above with respect to the implant 10 in the illustrated embodiment are in contrast to the dimensions of the implant 10 if the implant were to be inserted into an intervertebral space in the a different spinal region, for instance the lumbar or thoracic region.
  • the implant when the implant 10 is configured for implantation into the lumbar region, the implant can have a width of approximately 25-37 mm, a length of approximately 30-56 mm, and a height of approximately 8-14 mm.
  • the implant 10 can be constructed with any dimensions desirable for implantation of any intervertebral space along the spine, and is not limited to the cervical and lumbar regions unless otherwise indicated.
  • implants constructed in accordance with the teachings described herein are readily configurable for use with a range of bone-anchored orthopedic prostheses, such as interbody spacers, hip and knee replacement implants, and the like.
  • the implant 10 has been generally described in accordance with one embodiment, it should be appreciated that the implant 10 can alternatively be constructed in accordance with any embodiment, such that the implant defines an upper, or superior, bone facing surface and an opposing lower, or inferior, bone facing surface.
  • either or both of the endplates 20 and 22 can include a keel as described in U.S. Patent No. 7,204,852, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference as if set forth in its entirety herein.
  • the bone facing surface 24 of the upper endplate body 21 includes a longitudinally front section 24a, a longitudinally rear section 24c, and an intermediate section 24b extending longitudinally between the front section 24a and the rear section 24c.
  • Each section 24a-c extends laterally between the first and second lateral sides 27 and 29, which can both be beveled as illustrated.
  • the upper endplate 20 includes laterally opposing notches 85 extending into the rear end 25 of the endplate body 21 that are sized and shaped to receive the distal end of an upper arm of insertion tool configured to insert the implant into an intervertebral space.
  • the front section 24a extends down, or transversely inward, with respect to a longitudinally forward direction along the bone facing surface 24, and terminates at the front end 23 of the endplate body 21.
  • the rearward section 24c extends down, or transversely inward, with respect to a longitudinally rearward direction along the bone facing surface 24, and terminates at the rear end 25 of the endplate body 21.
  • the front section 24a is longitudinally longer than the rear section 24c, and extends further down than the rear section 24c.
  • the intermediate section 24b extends substantially horizontally between the front section 24a and the rear section 24c. It should be appreciated that the bone facing surface 24 has been described in accordance with the illustrated embodiment, and the surface 24 could assume any alternative shape as desired.
  • the surface 24 can be substantially planar, or can include at least one non-planar surface, such as the three surfaces 24a-c illustrated and described above.
  • the upper endplate 20 includes at least one spike 39, such as a plurality of spikes 39 projecting up from the bone facing surface 24 of the endplate body 21.
  • the spikes 39 are arranged in first and second symmetrical and substantially identically constructed groups 100 A and 100B.
  • the first group 100 A of spikes 39 is disposed in the lateral region 49A of the endplate body 21, and the second group 100B is disposed in the lateral region 49B of the endplate body 21.
  • Each group 100A-B includes a first or longitudinally forward or front spike 39 A, a second or longitudinally middle spike 39B, and a third or longitudinally rear spike 39C, such that the longitudinally middle spike 39B is disposed longitudinally between the forward spike 39A and the rear spike 39C, and forward of the central lateral axis A-A.
  • the spikes 39A-C of the first group 100A can be constructed substantially identically and symmetrically with respect to the spikes 39A-C of the second group 100B.
  • Each spike 39 can include as many surfaces 102 as desired, such as at least one surface 102, and has substantially pyramidal shape in accordance with the illustrated embodiment.
  • Each spike 39 extends up from a base 104 having a triangular or alternatively shaped footprint at the bone facing surface 24, to an upper or outer transverse tip 106.
  • Each surface 102 extends between the base 104 and the tip 106, and can be connected between the base 104 and the tip 106 as illustrated.
  • the spike 39 thus defines a transverse axis 115 that extends transversely between the outer tip 106 and the bone facing surface 24.
  • each spike 39A-C of each group 100A-B can be laterally offset from each other. Accordingly, the spikes 39 can each create their own tracks in the complementary vertebral surface 13a during insertion of the implant 10, and thus engage the bone so as to resist expulsion forces.
  • the tip 106 of the forward spike 39A is disposed laterally inward with respect to the tips 106 of the both the middle spike 39B and the rear spike 39C.
  • the tip 106 of the middle spike 39B is disposed laterally outward with respect to the tips 106 of the both the forward spike 39A and the rear spike 39C.
  • the tip 106 of the rear spike 39C is disposed laterally outward with respect to the tip 106 of the forward spike 39 A, and laterally inward with respect to the tip 106 of the middle spike 39B.
  • the tips 106 of the middle spike 39B and the rear spike 39C can be longitudinally spaced from each other a distance greater than the longitudinal distance that the tip 106 of the forward spike 39A and the tip 106 of the middle spike 39B are spaced. For instance, in accordance with one
  • the bases 104 of each of the longitudinally spaced spikes 39A-C are longitudinally spaced from each other.
  • the tip 106 is disposed at a location that is laterally and longitudinally inside the triangular footprint of the base 104. Alternatively, the tip 106 can be disposed on the boundary of the footprint of the base 104, or outside the footprint of the base 104 if desired.
  • Each spike 39 can include three surfaces 102a-c that each extend along an outer transverse directional component, and thus extend out, or up, from the base 104 toward the tip 106.
  • the surfaces 102a-c can be substantially triangular in shape as illustrated, or can alternatively assume any suitable geometric shape as desired.
  • the surfaces 102a-c can extend up from the base 104, and terminate at the tip 106.
  • Each spike 39 includes a pair of front surfaces 102a and 102b that each extends along a direction having an outer transverse directional component (e.g., extending up from the bone facing surface 24), a longitudinally rearward directional component (e.g., angled longitudinally rearward along an outer transverse direction along the surfaces 102a-b), and a laterally inward directional component (e.g., angled laterally inward along an outer transverse direction along the surfaces 102a-b).
  • an outer transverse directional component e.g., extending up from the bone facing surface 24
  • a longitudinally rearward directional component e.g., angled longitudinally rearward along an outer transverse direction along the surfaces 102a-b
  • a laterally inward directional component e.g., angled laterally inward along an outer transverse direction along the surfaces 102a-b.
  • the front surfaces 102a-b can extend along a direction that has at least one of the above-mentioned directional components.
  • the surfaces 102a-b could alternatively extend perpendicular with respect to the bone facing surface 24.
  • Each of the surfaces 102a-c extends at an angle with respect to a horizontal plane, defined by the lateral and longitudinal directions, within a range having a lower end greater than 0°, and an upper end less than or equal to 90°.
  • the front surface 102a of each spike 39 is disposed laterally inward with respect to the front surface 102b.
  • the front surface 102a defines a medial surface of the spike 39, while the front surface 102b defines a lateral surface of the spike 39.
  • the front surfaces 102a-b converge laterally along the outer transverse direction from the base 104 to the tip 106.
  • the front surfaces 102a-b further laterally converge along a forward longitudinal direction to a front tip 108.
  • the front surfaces 102a and 102b extend from the base 104 to the outer transverse tip 106, and are joined to each other at their upper ends at a front interface 105.
  • the front interface 105 extends in a substantially longitudinal direction between the front tip 108 and the outer transverse tip 106.
  • the front surfaces 102a-b thus diverge from the front tip 108 along the longitudinally rearward direction, and terminate at a rear surface 102c. It should be appreciated that the spikes 39 are described with respect to their orientation as illustrated, and that the spikes 39 could be alternatively oriented such that the surfaces 102a-c extend in any direction as desired.
  • the rear surface 102c extends along a direction that has an outer transverse directional component, and a longitudinally forward directional component. Otherwise stated, the rear surface 102c extends transversely out from the bone facing surface 24, and a line extending along the rear surface 102c in the transversely outward direction extends longitudinally forward. In accordance with the illustrated embodiment, the rear surface 102c extends longitudinally forward from the base 104 and terminates at the tip 106. In accordance with alternative embodiments, it should be appreciated that the rear surface 102c can extend along a direction that has at least one of the above-mentioned directional components. For instance, it should be appreciated that the surfaces 102a-b could alternatively extend perpendicular with respect to the bone facing surface 24.
  • the rear surface 102c extends laterally between the rear ends of the forward surfaces 102a-b, so as to define a first rear interface 107 with respect to the front surface 102a, and a second rear interface 109 with respect to the front surface 102b.
  • the rear interfaces 107 and 109 each extend longitudinally forward from, transversely out from, and laterally in from, the base 104 in a direction toward the tip 106.
  • the interfaces 105, 107, and 109 can extend substantially straight, or can assume any alternative shape, such as curved, as desired.
  • the spikes define a distance D extending linearly from the front tip 108 to the inner transverse ends of the rear interfaces 107 and 109 within a range between approximately 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm.
  • the interface 105 defines a first angle ⁇ with respect to the longitudinal axis L-L, and the interfaces 107 and 109 define a second angle ⁇ 2 with respect to the longitudinal axis L-L that is bigger than the first angle Q .
  • the second angle ⁇ 2 can be less than or equal to the first angle ⁇ .
  • the angles can further be different for each spike.
  • the interface 105 defines an angle i between about 0° and about 15° with respect to a transverse axis, and the interface 105 defines an angle a 2 between about 30° and about 60° with respect to the interface 107.
  • the interfaces 105 and 107 in combination with the base 104, define an acute triangle with respect to a view from the longitudinal axis L-L toward the
  • the interfaces 105 and 107 and the base 104 could define an isosceles triangle, an equilateral triangle, a right triangle, an obtuse triangle, or any alternative geometric shape as desired.
  • the interfaces 105 and 109, in combination with the base 104 define an acute triangle with respect to a view from the longitudinal axis L-L toward the corresponding lateral side, and further respect to a view from the corresponding lateral side toward the longitudinal axis L-L.
  • the interfaces 105 and 109 and the base 104 could define an isosceles triangle, an equilateral triangle, a right triangle, an obtuse triangle, or any alternative geometric shape as desired.
  • the interfaces 107 and 109, in combination with the base 104 define an isosceles triangle, though it should be appreciated that the interfaces 107, 109, and the base 104 could alternatively define an equilateral triangle, a right triangle, an obtuse triangle, or any alternative geometric shape as desired.
  • each of the spikes 39A-C defines an absolute height HA with respect to the bone facing surface 24, and a relative height H R , when the endplate is horizontally oriented, with respect to a common horizontal plane H extending along the lateral and longitudinal directions, such as the inner transverse surface 43, or the inner transverse surface 45 of the lower endplate 22 when the implant is in a horizontally oriented, non-articulated, position.
  • the absolute height HA can be between 0.5 mm and 4.0 mm, including a range between approximately 1.5 mm and approximately 2.5 mm, such as a range between approximately 1.5 mm and approximately 2.0 mm (see also Fig. 10B).
  • the relative height H R can be between approximately 1.5 mm and approximately 10 mm, including a range between approximately 2.0 mm and approximately 7.0 mm.
  • the relative height H R of at least two of the spikes 39, up to all of the spikes 39 can increase in a longitudinally rearward direction. Otherwise stated, the transverse distance between a common horizontal plane from the respective outer transverse tip 106 of each spike 39 increases along the longitudinally rearward direction. Accordingly, the relative height of the forward spike 39A is less than the relative height of the relative height of the middle spike 39B, which in turn is less than the relative height of the rear spike 39C. The difference in relative height between the forward spike 39A and the middle spike 39B is greater than the difference in relative height between the middle spike 39B and the rear spike 39C in accordance with the illustrated embodiment.
  • the relationship of the absolute heights of the spikes 39A- C with respect to each other need not be as described with respect to the relative heights of the spikes 39A-C.
  • the absolute height of the forward spike 39A can be greater than the absolute height of the middle spike 39B, such that the relative height of the forward spike 39A is less than the relative height of the middle spike 39B.
  • the rear spike 39C has an absolute height that is greater than the absolute height of the middle spike 39B, such that the rear spike 39C has a relative height greater than that of the middle spike 39B as described above.
  • the relationship of the absolute heights of the spikes 39A-C with respect to each other can therefore depend on the shape of the bone facing surface 24. For instance, if the bone facing surface 24 is substantially planar, then the absolute height of the forward spike 39A would be less than that of the middle spike 39B, which would be less than that of the rear spike 39C.
  • At least one up to all of the spikes 39A-C defines a recess 110 extending into at least one of the surfaces 102a-c.
  • the forward spike 39A defines a recess 110 extending into the laterally outer front surface 102a
  • the middle spike 39B and the rear spike 39C each defines a recess 110 extending into the laterally inner front surface 102b and the rear surface 102c.
  • Fig. 10B illustrates a recess 110 extending into the rear surface 102c of a spike 39.
  • Figs. 10A and IOC illustrate a recess extending into the front surfaces 102a and 102b.
  • FIG. 10D illustrates a recess 110 extending into all surfaces 102a-c.
  • the recess 110 extending into the laterally front surface 102a extends between the front interface 105 and the rear interface 107.
  • the recess 110 extending into the laterally inner front surface 102b extends between the front interface 105 and the rear interface 109.
  • the recess 110 extending into the rear surface 102c extends between the rear interfaces 107 and 109.
  • the recess 110 extends into the respective surface 102 along at least one or both of a lateral directional component and a longitudinal directional component. Furthermore, in accordance with one embodiment, the recess 110 projects inward with respect to a plane defined by at least two outer edges of the surface 102 in which the recess 110 is disposed. Alternatively, the entire surface 102 can be provided in the shape of the recess 110.
  • the spikes 39A-C can alternatively define a recess in one or more, up to all, of the surfaces 102a-c.
  • the spikes 39 can define a first recess 110 in one of the surfaces 102, and a second recess in another one of the surfaces 102.
  • a single recess 110 can extend into a pair of adjacent surfaces 102.
  • the recess 110 is vertically or transversely elongate, and extends up from the base 104 and terminates at a location transversely inward of the tip 106.
  • the recess 110 is shaped as arc in the horizontal plane, that is transversely elongate so as to define a partial cylindrical surface, and is provided in one embodiment as a cut out of the corresponding surface or surfaces 102a-c.
  • a cylindrical bore 112 can be milled or otherwise formed into, but not through, the bone facing surface 24. The location of the bore 112 can be disposed adjacent a desired surface of the spike 39, such that the milling operation cuts the cylindrically shaped recess 110 into the spike 39.
  • the milling operation need not extend into the endplate 24, but could instead terminate once the recess 110 has reached its desired transverse depth, for instance to the base 104 of the spike 39.
  • the depth of the recess 110 into the surface 102 of the spike 39 can thus depend on the alignment between the location of the bore 112 and the surface 102.
  • the recess 110 extending into the inner front surface 102 of the middle spike 39B has a height bigger than the recess 110 extending into the inner front surface 102 of the rear spike 39C, though the height of the recess 110 of the middle spike 39B could be equal to or less than that of the rear spike 39C.
  • the height of the recess 110 of the forward spike 39A could be equal to, greater than, or less than, that of the middle spike 39B and rear spike 39C.
  • the recesses 110 are arc-shaped in transverse cross section, and extend less than 180° as illustrated, though the arc can alternatively have any length as desired.
  • the arc length of the recesses 110 increases along an inner transverse direction.
  • the arc length of the recesses 110 could alternatively remain substantially const lnt along an inner transverse direction.
  • the recesses 110 can be provided as any shape projecting into the respective surface or surfaces 102 of the spike, for instance a polygonal shape such as triangular, rectangular, hexagonal, octagonal, or an oval or any other shape as desired. It has been found that the recesses 110 reduce the cross-sectional dimension of the spikes 39, and thus are easily penetrable into the complementary vertebral surface 13a.
  • the spikes 39 can have any suitable alternative shape as desired. For instance, one or more, up to all of the surfaces 102a-c could be shaped in accordance with any suitable alternative embodiment. It should further be appreciated that the spikes 39 are not intended to be limited to having the three surfaces 102a-c. Rather, in accordance with one embodiment, at least one of the spikes 39 has at least one surface that defines a recess, such as the recess 110 as illustrated and described above.
  • each group 100A-B includes three spikes 39 as illustrated, each group can include any number of spikes 39, including less than three and more than three, for instance at least one spike 39. In general, higher loads experienced by the implant 10 can justify a greater number of spikes. For instance, each group can include ten or more spikes when the implant 10 is implemented in the lumbar region.
  • the at least one spike 39 can be disposed in any of the front section 24a, the intermediate section 24b, and the rear section 24c.
  • the upper endplate 20 includes at least one spike 39 that can be disposed at either the first lateral region 49 A, the second lateral region 49B, or coincident with the central longitudinal axis L-L.
  • each of the spikes 39 can be constructed in accordance with any of the embodiments as described above with respect to spikes 39A-C.
  • the spikes 39A-C of the first group 100 A can be constructed substantially identically with respect to the corresponding spikes 39A-C of the second group 100B as illustrated, or alternatively the spikes 39A-C of the first group 100 A can be constructed differently than the corresponding spikes 39A-C of the second group 100B.
  • the bone facing surface 26 of the lower endplate body 37 is beveled at its front end 47, and includes a substantially planar horizontal surface 26a that extends generally parallel with the inner surface 45.
  • the horizontal surface 26a extends laterally between the first and second lateral sides 33 and 35, which can both be beveled as illustrated.
  • the lower endplate 22 includes laterally opposing notches 87 extending into the rear end 31 of the endplate body 37 that are sized and shaped to receive the distal end of a lower arm of insertion tool configured to insert the implant 10 into an intervertebral space.
  • the bone facing surface 26 has been described in accordance with the illustrated embodiment, and the surface 26 could assume any alternative shape as desired.
  • the surface 26 can be constructed substantially as described with respect to the bone facing surface 24 of the upper endplate 20, or in accordance with any desired alternative embodiment.
  • the lower endplate 22 includes at least one spike 41, such as a plurality of spikes 41 projecting down from the bone facing surface 26 of the endplate body 37.
  • the spikes 41 project down from the planar surface 26a.
  • the spikes 41 are arranged in first and second symmetrical and substantially identically constructed groups 120 A and 120B.
  • the first group 120A of spikes 41 is disposed in the lateral region 51A of the endplate body 37, and the second group 120B is disposed in the lateral region 5 IB of the endplate body 37.
  • Each group 120A-B includes a longitudinally forward or front spike 41 A, a longitudinally rear spike 41C, and a longitudinally middle spike 4 IB disposed longitudinally between the forward spike 41 A and the rear spike 41C, and forward of the central lateral axis A- A.
  • the spikes 41A-C of the first group 120A can be constructed substantially identically and symmetrically with respect to the spikes 41 A-C of the second group 120B.
  • Each spike 41 can include as many surfaces 122 as desired, such as at least one surface 122, and has substantially pyramidal shape in accordance with the illustrated embodiment.
  • Each spike 41 extends up from a base 124 having a triangular or alternatively shaped footprint at the bone facing surface 26, to an upper or outer transverse, tip 126.
  • Each surface 122 extends between the base 124 and the tip 126, and can be connected between the base 124 and the tip 126 as illustrated.
  • the spike 41 thus defines a transverse axis 135 that extends transversely between the outer tip 126 and the bone facing surface 26.
  • each spike 41A-C of each group 120A-B can be laterally offset from each other. Accordingly, the spikes 41 can each create their own tracks in the complementary vertebral surface 13a during insertion of the implant 10, and thus engage the bone so as to resist expulsion forces.
  • the tip 126 of the forward spike 41A is disposed laterally inward with respect to the tips 126 of the both the middle spike 4 IB and the rear spike 41C.
  • the tip 126 of the middle spike 39B is disposed laterally outward with respect to the tips 126 of the both the forward spike 41 A and the rear spike 41C.
  • the tip 126 of the rear spike 41C is disposed laterally outward with respect to the tip 126 of the forward spike 41 A, and laterally inward with respect to the tip 126 of the middle spike 4 IB.
  • the tips 126 of the middle spike 419B and the rear spike 41C can be longitudinally spaced from each other a distance greater than the longitudinal distance that the tip 126 of the forward spike 41 A and the tip 126 of the middle spike 4 IB are spaced. For instance, in accordance with one
  • the bases 124 of each of the longitudinally spaced spikes 41 A-C are longitudinally spaced from each other.
  • the tip 126 is disposed at a location that is laterally and longitudinally inside the triangular footprint of the base 124. Alternatively, the tip 126 can be disposed on the boundary of the footprint of the base 124, or outside the footprint of the base 124 if desired.
  • Each spike 41 can include any number of surfaces as desired, such as the three surfaces 122a-c illustrated, that each extend along an outer transverse directional component, and thus extend out, or down, from the base 124 toward the tip 126.
  • the surfaces 122a-c can be substantially triangular in shape as illustrated, or can alternatively assume any suitable geometric shape as desired.
  • the surfaces 122a-c can extend down from the base 124, and terminate at the tip 126.
  • Each spike 41 includes a pair of front surfaces 122a and 122b that each extends along a direction having an outer transverse directional component (e.g., extending down from the bone facing surface 26), a longitudinally rearward directional component (e.g., angled longitudinally rearward along an outer transverse direction along the surfaces 122a-b), and a laterally inward directional component (e.g., angled laterally inward along an outer transverse direction along the surfaces 122a-b).
  • an outer transverse directional component e.g., extending down from the bone facing surface 26
  • a longitudinally rearward directional component e.g., angled longitudinally rearward along an outer transverse direction along the surfaces 122a-b
  • a laterally inward directional component e.g., angled laterally inward along an outer transverse direction along the surfaces 122a-b.
  • the front surfaces 122a-b can extend along a direction that has at least one of the above-mentioned directional components.
  • the surfaces 122a-b could alternatively extend perpendicular with respect to the bone facing surface 26.
  • the front surface 122a of each spike 41 is disposed laterally inward from the front surface 122b. Otherwise stated, the front surface 122a defines a medial surface of the spike 41, while the front surface 122b defines a lateral surface of the spike 41.
  • the front surfaces 122a-b converge laterally along the outer transverse direction from the base 124 to the tip 126. The front surfaces 122a-b further laterally converge along a forward longitudinal direction to a front tip 128.
  • the front surfaces 122a and 122b extend from the base 124 to the outer transverse tip 126, and are joined to each other at their upper ends at a front interface 125.
  • the front interface 125 extends in a substantially longitudinal direction between the front tip 128 and the outer transverse tip 126.
  • the front surfaces 122a-b thus diverge from the front tip 128 along the longitudinally rearward direction, and terminate at a rear surface 122c.
  • the rear surface 122c extends along a direction that has an outer transverse directional component, and a longitudinally forward directional component.
  • the rear surface 122c extends transversely out from the bone facing surface 26, and a line extending along the rear surface 122c in the transversely outward direction extends longitudinally forward.
  • the rear surface 122c extends longitudinally forward from the base 124 and terminates at the tip 126.
  • the rear surface 122c can extend along a direction that has at least one of the above-mentioned directional components.
  • the surfaces 122a-b could alternatively extend perpendicular with respect to the bone facing surface 26.
  • Each of the surfaces 122a-c extends at an angle, with respect to a horizontal plane defined by the lateral and longitudinal directions, within a range having a lower end greater than 0°, and an upper end less than or equal to 90°.
  • the rear surface 122c extends laterally between the rear ends of the forward surfaces 122a-b, so as to define a first rear interface 127 with respect to the front surface 122a, and a second rear interface 129 with respect to the front surface 122b.
  • the rear interfaces 127 and 129 each extend longitudinally forward from, transversely out from, and laterally in from, the base 124 in a direction toward the tip 126.
  • the interfaces 125, 127, and 129 can extend substantially straight, or can assume any alternative shape, such as curved, as desired.
  • the spikes define a distance D extending linearly from the front tip 128 to the inner transverse ends of the rear interfaces 127 and 129 within a range between approximately 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm.
  • the interface 125 defines a first angle i with respect to the longitudinal axis L-L, and the interfaces 127 and 129 define a second angle a 2 with respect to the longitudinal axis L-L that is greater than the first angle .
  • the second angle a 2 can be less than or equal to the first angle i.
  • the interface 127 defines an angle i between about 0° and about 15° with respect to a transverse axis, and the interface 125 defines an angle a 2 between about 30° and about 60° with respect to the interface 127.
  • the interfaces 125 and 127 in combination with the base 124, define an acute triangle with respect to a view from the longitudinal axis L-L toward the corresponding lateral side, and further respect to a view from the corresponding lateral side toward the longitudinal axis L-L.
  • the interfaces 125 and 127 and the base 124 could define an isosceles triangle, an equilateral triangle, a right triangle, an obtuse triangle, or any alternative geometric shape as desired.
  • the interfaces 125 and 129 in combination with the base 124, define an acute triangle with respect to a view from the longitudinal axis L-L toward the corresponding lateral side, and further respect to a view from the corresponding lateral side toward the longitudinal axis L-L.
  • the interfaces 125 and 109 and the base 124 could define an isosceles triangle, an equilateral triangle, a right triangle, an obtuse triangle, or any alternative geometric shape as desired. As illustrated in Fig.
  • the interfaces 127 and 129 in combination with the base 124, define an isosceles triangle, though it should be appreciated that the interfaces 127, 129, and the base 124 could alternatively define an equilateral triangle, a right triangle, an obtuse triangle, or any alternative geometric shape as desired.
  • each of the spikes 41A-C defines an absolute height HA with respect to the bone facing surface 26, and a relative height H R , when the endplate is horizontally oriented, with respect to a common horizontal plane H extending along the lateral and longitudinal directions, such as the inner transverse surface 45, or the inner transverse surface 43 of the upper endplate 20 when the implant 10 is in a horizontally oriented, non-articulated, position.
  • the absolute height HA can be between 0.5 mm and 4.0 mm, including a range between approximately 1.5 mm and approximately 2.5 mm, for instance a range between approximately 1.5 mm and approximately 2.0 mm (see also Fig. 12B).
  • the relative height H R can be between approximately 1.5 mm and approximately 10 mm, including a range between approximately 2.0 mm and approximately 7.0 mm.
  • the relative height H R of at least two of the spikes 41, up to all of the spikes 41 can increase in a longitudinally rearward direction. Otherwise stated, the transverse distance between a common horizontal plane from the respective outer transverse tip 126 of each spike 41 increases along the longitudinally rearward direction. Accordingly, the relative height of the forward spike 41 A is less than the relative height of the relative height of the middle spike 4 IB, which in turn is less than the relative height of the rear spike 41C.
  • the portion 26a of the bone facing surface 26 that supports the spikes 41 is substantially planar and horizontal in accordance with the illustrated embodiment, the relationship of the absolute heights H A of the spikes 41A-C with respect to each other is as described with respect to the relative heights H R of the spikes 41 A-C.
  • At least one, and up to all of the spikes 41A-C defines a recess 130 extending into at least one of the surfaces 122a-c.
  • the forward spike 41 A defines a recess 130 extending into the laterally outer front surface 122a and further defines a recess 130 extending into the rear surface 122c.
  • the middle spike 4 IB defines a recess 130 extending into the laterally inner front surface 102b.
  • the rear spike 41C defines a recess 130 extending into the laterally inner front surface 122b and the rear surface 122c.
  • Fig. 12B illustrates a recess 130 extending into the rear surface 122c of a spike 41.
  • FIG. 12A and 12C illustrate a recess 130 extending into each of the front surfaces 122a and 122b.
  • Fig. 12D illustrates a recess 130 extending into all surfaces 122a-c.
  • the recess 130 extending into the laterally front surface 122a extends between the front interface 125 and the rear interface 127.
  • the recess 130 extending into the laterally inner front surface 122b extends between the front interface 125 and the rear interface 129.
  • the recess extending into the rear surface 122c extends between the rear interfaces 127 and 129.
  • the recess 130 extends into the respective surface 122 along at least one or both of a lateral directional component and a longitudinal directional component. Furthermore, in accordance with one embodiment, the recess 130 projects inward with respect to a plane defined by at least two outer edges of the surface 122 in which the recess 130 is disposed. Alternatively, the entire surface 122 can be provided in the shape of the recess 130.
  • the spikes 41 defines a recess 130 in its medial side, and at least one of the spikes 41 defines a recess 130 in its lateral side, movement of the implant 10 is restricted as the spikes 41 penetrate the complementary vertebral surface 13b.
  • the spikes 41 A-C can alternatively define a recess in one or more, up to all, of the surfaces 122a-c.
  • the spikes 41 can define a first recess 130 in one of the surfaces 122, and a second recess 130 in another one of the surfaces 122.
  • a single recess 130 can extend into a pair of adjacent surfaces 122.
  • the recess 130 is vertically or transversely elongate, and extends up from the base 124 and terminates at a location transversely inward of the tip 126.
  • the recess 130 is shaped as an arc in the horizontal plane, that is transversely elongate so as to define a partial cylindrical surface, and can be provided as a cut out of the corresponding surface or surfaces 122a-c.
  • a cylindrical bore 132 can be milled or otherwise formed into the bone facing surface 26. The location of the bore 132 can be disposed adjacent a desired surface of the spike 41, such that the milling operation cuts the cylindrically shaped recess 130 into the spike 41.
  • the milling operation need not extend into the endplate 26, but could instead terminate once the recess 130 has reached its desired transverse depth, for instance to the base 124 of the spike 41.
  • the depth of the recess 130 into the surface 122 of the spike 41 can thus depend on the alignment between the location of the bore 132 and the surface 122.
  • the recess 130 extending into the laterally inner front surface 122a of the rear spike 41C has a height greater than the recess 130 extending into the laterally inner front surface 122a of the middle spike 4 IB, though the height of the recess 110 of the rear spike 41C could be equal to or less than that of the middle spike 41C.
  • the height of the recess 130 extending into the outer front surface 122b of the forward spike 41 A could be equal to, greater than, or less than, that of the recess 130 that extends into the inner front surface 122a of the middle spike 4 IB and rear spike 41C.
  • Figs. 1 IB the recess 130 extending into the laterally inner front surface 122a of the rear spike 41C has a height greater than the recess 130 extending into the laterally inner front surface 122a of the middle spike 4 IB, though the height of the recess 110 of the rear spike 41C could be equal to or less than that of the middle spike 41C.
  • the recesses 130 are arc-shaped in transverse cross section, and extend less than 180° as illustrated, though the arc can alternatively have any length as desired.
  • the arc length of the recesses 130 increases along an inner transverse direction.
  • the recesses 130 can be provided as any shape projecting into the respective surface or surfaces 122 of the spike 41, for instance a polygonal shape such as triangular, rectangular, oval or any other shape as desired. It has been found that the recesses 130 reduce the cross-sectional dimension of the spikes 41, and thus are easily penetrable into the complementary vertebral surface 13b.
  • the spikes 41 can have any suitable alternative shape as desired. For instance, one or more, up to all of the surfaces 122a-c could be shaped in accordance with any suitable alternative embodiment. It should further be appreciated that the spikes 41 are not intended to be limited to having the three surfaces 122a-c. Rather, in accordance with one embodiment, at least one of the spikes 41 has at least one surface that defines a recess, such as the recess 120 as illustrated and described above.
  • each group 120A-B includes three spikes 41 as illustrated, each group can include any number of spikes 41, including less than three and more than three, for instance at least one spike 41. It has been found that six spikes 41 projecting from the bone facing surface 26 provides adequate penetration into the complementary vertebral surface 13b, while also providing adequately robust fixation.
  • the at least one spike 41 can be disposed at any location on the planar portion 26a of the bone facing surface 26, or elsewhere on the bone facing surface 26.
  • the lower endplate 22 includes at least one spike 41 that can be disposed at either the first lateral region 51 A, the second lateral region 5 IB, or coincident with the central longitudinal axis L-L.
  • each of the spikes 41 can be constructed in accordance with any of the embodiments as described above with respect to spikes 41A-C.
  • the spikes 41A-C of the first group 120 A can be constructed substantially identically with respect to the corresponding spikes 41 A-C of the second group 120B as illustrated, or alternatively the spikes 41 A-C of the first group 120 A can be constructed differently than the corresponding spikes 41 A-C of the second group 120B.
  • endplates 20 and 22 and various respective bone fixation spikes 39 and 41 that project transversely out from the endplate 20 and 22 have been described in accordance with certain embodiments.
  • the endplates 20 and 22, along with the bone fixation spikes 39 and 41 can be constructed in accordance with numerous alternative embodiments.
  • the spikes 39 and 41 can be arranged on their respective endplates as illustrated in Fig. 13 A.
  • at least one or more, up to all, of the spikes 39 and 41 can be constructed in accordance with any of the
  • Figs. 13B-N can include at least one or more up to all of the features or structures described below with respect to the spikes illustrated in at least one or more up to all of Figs. 13B-N.
  • the various structure illustrated in Figs. 13B-N can be orientated in any direction as desired, such as a longitudinally forward direction, a longitudinally rearward direction, a laterally inward direction, a laterally outward direction, or anywhere between these directions.
  • an endplate 200 is illustrated, and can be constructed as described with respect to endplates 20 or 22.
  • the endplate 200 defines a longitudinally front end 202, an opposing longitudinally rear end 204, and a pair of laterally opposing sides 206.
  • a central longitudinal axis L-L divides the endplate 200 into opposing lateral sections 208a and 208b.
  • the endplate 200 carries three groups 210a- c of bone fixation spikes 212.
  • the groups 210a-c of spikes 212 can be arranged on the endplate 200 as described above with respect to the groups 100A-B and 120A-B.
  • Fig. 13A illustrates that more than two groups of spikes 212 can be carried by an endplate, though it should be appreciated that just one group can be carried by an endplate.
  • the first two groups 210a-b are disposed in the lateral sections 208a-b, respectively, while the third group 210c is arranged on the longitudinal axis L-L.
  • the spikes 212 of on or more, up to all, of the groups can be in partial or total longitudinal alignment.
  • Fig. 13A illustrates that the endplate 200 can carry more than six spikes, and more than two groups of spikes.
  • an endplate can carry any number of laterally offset groups of spikes, for instance one, two, three, four, five, or six groups or more.
  • Each group can include at least one spike, including two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, or more.
  • a bone fixation spike 220 is illustrated as including a base 222 and a tip 224 that is transversely spaced from the bone facing surface of the corresponding endplate in the manner described above.
  • the bone fixation spike 220 includes four outer surfaces 226a-d that extend between the base 222 and the tip 224, and are connected to each other at a 90° angle as illustrated.
  • the outer surfaces 226 a-d all have the same horizontal length, such that the spike 220 is in the shape of a square in top plan view as illustrated in Fig. 13C, though the spike 220 could alternatively be rectangular, a parallelogram, quadrilateral, or other four-sided polygon as desired.
  • a recess 228 extends into at least one of the surfaces 226a-d, and extends into all of the surfaces 226a-d in the manner described above with respect to recesses 110 and 130.
  • the recesses 228 can be cylindrical, conical, triangular (having a pointed or rounded apex), or polygonal, for instance including five polygonal surfaces of a pentagon as illustrated. Furthermore, the recesses 228 can be angulated with respect to each other.
  • the interface 238a extends from the base 232 at an angle ⁇ which can be approximately 90°, while the interface 238b extends from the bone facing surface 235 at an angle ⁇ 2 greater than 90°, such as between approximately 90° and 120°.
  • the outer surfaces 236a and 236c further define opposing edges 239a and 239b that are connected between the base 232 and the tip 234 (e.g., extend from the base 232 and the tip 234).
  • the bone fixation spike 230 illustrates that a bone fixation spike can include one or more edges that extend perpendicular to the base, or the underlying bone facing surface of the corresponding endplate.
  • the triangular surfaces 256a and 256c also converge toward each other in an outer transverse direction, however the outer transverse ends of the triangular surfaces 256a and 256c are spaced from each other, such that the tip 254 is elongate between the outer transverse ends.
  • a recess 258 can extend into any or all of the surfaces 256a-d, and extends into the surfaces 256b and 256d as illustrated.
PCT/US2010/030523 2010-04-09 2010-04-09 Endplate of an intervertebral implant and implant WO2011126490A1 (en)

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KR1020127025629A KR101699577B1 (ko) 2010-04-09 2010-04-09 추간 임플란트의 종판 및 임플란트
CN201080066085.3A CN102821718B (zh) 2010-04-09 2010-04-09 椎间植入件的端板以及植入件
DE112010005471T DE112010005471T5 (de) 2010-04-09 2010-04-09 Endplatte eines Zwischenwirbelimplantats und Implantat
PCT/US2010/030523 WO2011126490A1 (en) 2010-04-09 2010-04-09 Endplate of an intervertebral implant and implant

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US8858636B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2014-10-14 DePuy Synthes Products, LLC Intervertebral implant
EP2987626A1 (en) * 2014-08-19 2016-02-24 Oxford Performance Materials, Inc. Spinal implant and method for manufacturing the same
US9301853B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2016-04-05 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Holder for implantation and extraction of prosthesis
CN106805977A (zh) * 2017-01-12 2017-06-09 四川大学华西第二医院 一种脊柱腰椎间隙定位方法

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KR101699577B1 (ko) 2017-01-24
DE112010005471T5 (de) 2013-01-17

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