WO2011125738A1 - 加工性に優れた高降伏比高強度の溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板および合金化溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板 - Google Patents
加工性に優れた高降伏比高強度の溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板および合金化溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 24
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 title abstract description 24
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 59
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- BKIITODBJFJABE-HHZYLZNASA-N (1r,4e,7s,10e,14r)-10,14-dimethyl-7-prop-1-en-2-yl-15-oxabicyclo[12.1.0]pentadeca-4,10-diene-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound C1C\C(C=O)=C/C[C@@H](C(=C)C)CC\C(C)=C\CC[C@@]2(C)O[C@@H]21 BKIITODBJFJABE-HHZYLZNASA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0273—Final recrystallisation annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0447—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0473—Final recrystallisation annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
- C21D9/48—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals deep-drawing sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
- C23C2/28—Thermal after-treatment, e.g. treatment in oil bath
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
- C23C2/28—Thermal after-treatment, e.g. treatment in oil bath
- C23C2/29—Cooling or quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12785—Group IIB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12792—Zn-base component
- Y10T428/12799—Next to Fe-base component [e.g., galvanized]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet and an alloyed hot-dip galvanized steel sheet (hereinafter, may be represented by a galvanized steel sheet) excellent in workability, high yield ratio, and yield without particularly reducing workability.
- the ratio relates to a high strength plated steel sheet having a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more.
- the plated steel sheet of the present invention is, for example, a structural member for automobiles that requires high yieldability and high yield strength (for example, body skeleton members such as pillars, members, and reinforcements; bumpers, door guard bars, seat parts, undercarriages, etc. (Strength members such as parts) and household appliance members.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that the average grain size of ferrite is 5.0 ⁇ m or less and the average grain size of the hard second phase is 5.0 ⁇ m or less.
- a high-tensile hot-dip galvanized steel sheet having a strength of 780 MPa or more, excellent elongation, and a yield ratio of 60 to 80% is disclosed.
- precipitation strengthening elements of Ti and Nb are added to enhance precipitation strengthening and microstructure refinement.
- a large amount of Ti and Nb needs to be added, there is a problem from the viewpoint of cost. There is.
- high-strength hot-dip galvanized steel sheets for vehicle body frames are required to have energy absorbability at the time of collision as well as workability, and a technique for manufacturing a steel sheet having a high yield strength, that is, a high yield ratio, at low cost is required.
- the DP steel sheet exhibits a low yield ratio and does not achieve both a high yield ratio and high workability.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a steel sheet having both a high yield ratio and workability, but there is a problem in terms of manufacturing cost. Therefore, realization of a technology capable of producing a high-strength plated steel sheet having a high yield ratio and excellent workability at low cost is desired.
- the present invention has been made by paying attention to the above-described circumstances, and its purpose is to have a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more, a high yield ratio, and workability (specifically, TS-EL balance, Furthermore, another object is to provide a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet and an alloyed hot-dip galvanized steel sheet excellent in TS- ⁇ balance.
- the plated steel sheet according to the present invention that has solved the above problems is a plated steel sheet having a hot dip galvanized layer or an alloyed hot dip galvanized layer on the surface of the steel sheet, and C: 0.12 to 0.3% (Mean% means the same for chemical composition) Si: 0.1% or less (excluding 0%), Mn: 2.0 to 3.5%, P: 0.05% or less (0% S: 0.05% or less (not including 0%), Al: 0.005 to 0.1%, and N: 0.015% or less (not including 0%), the balance Is iron and inevitable impurities, and the metal structure has bainite as a parent phase structure, and the ratio of the ferrite area ratio: 3 to 20% and the martensite area ratio: 10 to The tensile strength is 980 MPa, having the gist of satisfying 35% High yield ratio and excellent in workability on high strength plated steel sheet.
- the plated steel sheet further includes Cr: 1.0% or less (not including 0%), Mo: 1.0% or less (not including 0%), and B: 0.0. It contains one or more elements selected from the group consisting of 01% or less (not including 0%).
- a material containing Ti: 0.3% or less (not including 0%) and / or V: 0.3% or less (not including 0%) is also a preferred embodiment.
- the high-strength plated steel sheet according to the present invention has a bainite matrix structure and appropriately controls the fraction of ferrite and martensite, which are the second phase structures.
- the ratio (particularly 65% or more) is exhibited and the processability is excellent.
- the above “excellent workability” means that the tensile strength is 980 MPa or more, and the TSEL balance (and further the TS- ⁇ balance) is excellent. Specifically, it means satisfying [tensile strength (TS: MPa) ⁇ elongation (EL:%) / 100] ⁇ 130 in the high strength region.
- the TS ⁇ EL / 100 is preferably 140 or more.
- TS tensile strength
- ⁇ hole expansion rate
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a heat pattern in the case of manufacturing the steel plate of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a modification of the heat pattern when manufacturing the steel sheet of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing another modified example of the heat pattern when the steel plate of the present invention is manufactured.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the structural fraction of the steel sheet obtained in the example.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the mechanical properties of the steel sheets obtained in the examples.
- DP steel sheets mainly composed of ferrite and martensite are listed as steel sheets having both strength and workability, but this DP steel sheet introduces mobile dislocation in the ferrite during martensitic transformation. Therefore, the yield ratio is low. Therefore, the present inventors set the bainite as a matrix structure (main phase), and suppress each fraction of martensite that generates movable dislocations and ferrite into which movable dislocations are introduced, by suppressing the yield ratio higher than that of conventional DP steel sheets. The basic idea was to achieve this. However, the introduction of bainite tends to lower the elongation due to a relative decrease in ferrite, and the strength tends to decrease due to the relative decrease in martensite.
- Ferrite is important as a structure that contributes to the improvement of elongation characteristics, and in order to ensure elongation characteristics, the ferrite fraction with respect to the entire structure is set to 3 area% or more. Preferably it is 5 area% or more. On the other hand, in order to secure a bainite structure and realize a high yield ratio, it is necessary to suppress the ferrite fraction to 20 area% or less. Preferably it is 18 area% or less.
- Martensite is a structure necessary for securing high strength, and in the present invention, the martensite fraction of the entire structure is 10 area% or more. Preferably it is 15 area% or more. On the other hand, in order to secure a bainite structure and achieve a high yield ratio, it is necessary to suppress the martensite fraction to 35% by area or less. Preferably it is 30 area% or less.
- the steel sheet of the present invention has bainite as the parent phase structure (main phase).
- the “matrix structure” in the present invention refers to a structure having the largest proportion of all the structures. When it is composed of only three phases of bainite, ferrite and martensite, from the upper limit values of the ferrite fraction and martensite fraction, the bainite fraction is 45 area% or more, and the bainite structure is “matrix structure”. Become. In the present invention, retained austenite that can be generated in the manufacturing process is included in this martensite.
- the steel sheet of the present invention may be composed of only three phases of bainite, ferrite and martensite, but contains a structure that is inevitably generated in the manufacturing process, for example, as long as the action of the present invention is not hindered. Also good.
- a structure include pearlite, and the fraction of the structure with respect to the entire structure is preferably 5 area% or less in total.
- tissue identification and fraction measurement may be performed by the method shown in the examples described later.
- C is an element necessary for ensuring the strength of the steel sheet in addition to improving hardenability and contributing to hardening of bainite and martensite.
- the C amount is set to 0.12% or more.
- it is 0.13% or more, More preferably, it is 0.14% or more.
- the C content is 0.3% or less.
- it is 0.26% or less, More preferably, it is 0.23% or less.
- Si 0.1% or less (excluding 0%)
- Si is an element that is effective for strengthening the solid solution of ferrite, but it is also an element that lowers the plating adhesion. Therefore, the Si amount is 0.1% or less. Preferably it is 0.07% or less, More preferably, it is 0.05% or less, More preferably, it is 0.03% or less.
- Mn is an element that contributes to securing high strength by improving hardenability.
- the amount of Mn is insufficient, hardenability becomes insufficient and a large amount of ferrite is generated, making it difficult to achieve high strength and high yield ratio. Therefore, in the present invention, 2.0% or more of Mn is contained.
- a preferable amount of Mn is 2.3% or more.
- the Mn content is 3.5% or less, preferably 3.2% or less.
- P 0.05% or less (excluding 0%)
- P is an element effective for strengthening the solid solution of ferrite, but is also an element that lowers the plating adhesion. Therefore, the P content is 0.05% or less. Preferably it is 0.03% or less.
- S is an unavoidable impurity element, and is preferably as small as possible from the viewpoint of ensuring workability and weldability. Preferably it is 0.02% or less, More preferably, it is 0.01% or less.
- Al is an element having a deoxidizing action and is made 0.005% or more. Preferably it is 0.01% or more, More preferably, it is 0.02% or more. However, even if it is added excessively, the effect is saturated, so the upper limit of Al content is set to 0.1%. Preferably it is 0.08% or less, More preferably, it is 0.06% or less.
- N 0.015% or less (excluding 0%)
- N is an inevitable impurity element, and if included in a large amount, N tends to deteriorate toughness and elongation. Therefore, the upper limit of N content is set to 0.015%. Preferably it is 0.01% or less, More preferably, it is 0.005% or less.
- the basic components of steel used in the present invention are as described above, and the balance is iron and inevitable impurities.
- Examples of the inevitable impurities brought in depending on the situation of raw materials, materials, manufacturing facilities, etc. include O and playing element (Sn, Zn, Pb, As, Sb, Bi, etc.) in addition to S and N.
- the steel used in the present invention may further contain the following optional elements as necessary.
- Cr 1.0% or less (not including 0%), Mo: 1.0% or less (not including 0%), and B: 0.01% or less (not including 0%)
- Cr, Mo, and B are all elements that contribute to ensuring high strength by improving hardenability.
- Cr it is preferably 0.04% or more
- Mo preferably 0.04% or more
- B 0.0010% or more is preferably contained.
- the upper limit of each is preferably 1.0% or less.
- the upper limit of B content is preferably 0.01%, more preferably 0.005%.
- Ti and V are elements that contribute to ensuring high strength by precipitation of carbonitride and refinement of the structure.
- Ti preferably 0.01% or more
- V preferably 0.01% or more.
- the upper limit of each element is preferably set to 0.3%. More preferably, it is 0.20% or less for Ti and 0.20% or less for V.
- the hot-dip galvanized steel sheet of the present invention In order to manufacture the hot-dip galvanized steel sheet of the present invention, it is effective to perform annealing after cold rolling so as to satisfy the following conditions. Hereinafter, the annealing process will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
- the hot dip galvanized steel sheet (GI) and the alloyed hot dip galvanized steel sheet (GA) of the present invention can be used in the process shown in FIG. 1 during the low temperature holding process, between the low temperature holding process and the tertiary cooling process, or the tertiary.
- a conventional plating process or a further conventional alloying process is added in these processes (or between processes) such as in the course of the cooling process.
- the cold rolled steel sheet satisfying the above component composition is heated and soaked for 5 to 200 seconds (soaking time t1) in a temperature range (soaking temperature T1) of Ac 3 points to (Ac 3 points + 150 ° C.).
- the soaking temperature T1 is lower than the Ac 3 point, the austenite transformation becomes insufficient and a large amount of ferrite remains, making it difficult to secure a desired structure. Further, since processing strain tends to remain in the ferrite, it is difficult to obtain excellent elongation characteristics.
- the soaking temperature T1 is preferably (Ac 3 points + 10 ° C.) or higher.
- the soaking temperature T1 exceeds (Ac 3 points + 150 ° C.), the austenite grain growth is promoted and the structure becomes coarse, and the strength-elongation balance is lowered.
- the soaking temperature T1 is preferably (Ac 3 points + 100 ° C.) or less.
- the soaking time t1 is 5 to 200 seconds. If it is less than 5 seconds, the austenite transformation becomes insufficient, and a large amount of ferrite remains, making it difficult to secure a desired structure. Further, when processing strain remains in the ferrite, it is difficult to obtain excellent elongation characteristics. Preferably it is 20 seconds or more. On the other hand, if the soaking time t1 is too long, austenite grain growth is promoted, the structure becomes coarse as described above, and the strength-elongation balance tends to be lowered. Therefore, the soaking time t1 is set to 200 seconds or less. Preferably it is 120 seconds or less.
- the soaking temperature T1 does not need to be a constant temperature, and the soaking time (t1) in the temperature range (T1) from Ac 3 point to (Ac 3 point + 150 ° C.) is 5 when the temperature is raised from room temperature. As long as it is secured for ⁇ 200 seconds.
- the temperature is increased to the maximum temperature at a stretch and then held at that temperature, as well as the Ac 3 point to (Ac 3 ) as shown in FIG. 2 (b).
- Point + 150 ° C. After reaching the temperature range, the temperature is further increased within this temperature range, or as shown in FIG.
- An embodiment in which the soaking time t1 at the temperature T1 is secured for 5 to 200 seconds is also included in the present invention.
- the average heating rate HR from room temperature to the soaking temperature T1 in FIG. 1 is not particularly limited, and can be, for example, 1 to 100 ° C./second.
- it is effective to set the average cooling rate (CR1) from T1 to the temperature range (T2) of 380 to 460 ° C. to 3 to 30 ° C./second.
- the average cooling rate CR1 is preferably 25 ° C./second or less.
- the average cooling rate CR1 is preferably 5 ° C./second or more.
- the cooling from T1 to the temperature range (T2) of 380 to 460 ° C may be divided into multiple stages.
- the average cooling rate from T1 to the temperature range (T2) of 380 to 460 ° C is 3 to 30 ° C.
- the cooling rate of each stage is not particularly limited. For example, as shown in an example described later, two-stage cooling is performed, and a primary cooling rate (CR11) from T1 to an intermediate temperature (eg, 500 to 700 ° C.) and two temperatures from an intermediate temperature to a temperature range (T2) from 380 to 460 ° C.
- the next cooling rate (CR12) may be changed.
- the low temperature holding temperature T2 is preferably 390 ° C. or higher, more preferably 400 ° C. or higher.
- the low temperature holding time t2 is 20 to 300 seconds. If the low temperature holding time t2 is less than 20 seconds, the bainite transformation does not occur sufficiently, and it becomes difficult to obtain a desired structure. Preferably it is 25 seconds or more. On the other hand, even if the low temperature holding time t2 exceeds 300 seconds, the bainite transformation does not proceed any further and the productivity decreases, so the upper limit of the low temperature holding time t2 is set to 300 seconds. Preferably it is 200 seconds or less, More preferably, it is 120 seconds or less.
- the low temperature holding temperature T2 does not need to be a constant temperature, and it is sufficient if a heating time in a temperature range of 380 to 460 ° C. is secured for 20 to 300 seconds when cooling from the soaking temperature T1. Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 3A, a mode in which the temperature is cooled from the soaking temperature T1 to the low temperature holding temperature T2 at once and then held at the temperature may be adopted. As shown in (b) of FIG. 3, after reaching the low temperature holding temperature T ⁇ b> 2, the temperature may be further cooled. Further, as shown in FIG. 3 (c), if the time in the temperature range of 380 to 460 ° C. is ensured for 20 to 300 seconds during the cooling from the temperature of over 460 ° C.
- the temperature may be raised within a temperature range of 380 to 460 ° C.
- the bainite fraction is controlled by controlling the low temperature holding temperature T2 and the low temperature holding time t2.
- a hot dip galvanized steel sheet After passing through a low temperature holding step, for example, it is immersed in a plating bath (temperature: about 430 to 500 ° C.) to perform hot dip galvanization, and then it is tertiary cooled. Can be mentioned.
- a plating bath temperature: about 430 to 500 ° C.
- G alloyed hot-dip galvanized steel sheet
- after the hot-dip galvanizing it is heated to a temperature of about 500 to 750 ° C., alloyed, and then subjected to tertiary cooling.
- plating treatment and alloying treatment may be performed in the middle of the low temperature holding step.
- the total holding time at 380 to 460 ° C. performed before and after the plating treatment and alloying treatment is 20 to 300. Need to satisfy the second.
- plating treatment and alloying treatment may be performed during the tertiary cooling.
- the average cooling rate CR2 from the temperature range (T2) of 380 to 460 ° C. to room temperature in FIG. 1 is not particularly limited, and can be, for example, 1 to 100 ° C./second. Since the austenite remaining after the transformation of ferrite and bainite becomes martensite, the martensite fraction can be controlled by controlling the ferrite fraction and the bainite fraction.
- Production conditions other than those described above may be carried out in accordance with conventional methods, and are not particularly limited.
- finish rolling temperature Ac 3 points or more
- winding temperature 400 to 700 ° C.
- pickling may be performed as necessary, and for example, cold rolling with a cold rolling rate of 35 to 80% may be performed.
- the conditions normally used can be employ
- Example 1 Slab steel (plate thickness: 25 mm) having the chemical composition shown in Table 1 was melted and cast according to a normal melting method, and then hot-rolled to a thickness of 2.4 mm (the finish rolling temperature was 880 ° C., The winding temperature is 560 ° C.). Next, the obtained hot-rolled steel sheet was pickled and then cold-rolled to a thickness of 1.2 mm (cold rolling ratio: 50%).
- annealing treatment simulating a continuous plating annealing line was performed in a laboratory under the annealing conditions shown in Table 2.
- the ferrite fraction was measured by the following method.
- crystal orientation analysis was performed on the cross section perpendicular to the rolling direction of the steel sheet obtained above by the EBSP method using a scanning electron microscope.
- the crystal orientation of a measurement region of about 30 ⁇ m ⁇ 30 ⁇ m was measured with a step size of 0.1 ⁇ m. Calculate all the orientation differences between two adjacent points in a crystal grain surrounded by a large-angle grain boundary with a crystal orientation difference of 15 ° or more, and average the values within the whole grain as the average grain orientation difference. , And those with 0.35 ° or less were identified as ferrite. Observation was performed for three fields of view at a magnification of 3,000, and the arithmetic average of the ferrite area ratio measured by the point calculation method was obtained.
- the fraction of bainite was determined by subtracting the fraction of ferrite and martensite from the entire structure (100 area%).
- Experiment No. No. 9 uses steel type C with insufficient amount of C, and the low-temperature holding temperature T2 is too high, so both the ferrite and martensite fractions exceed the specified range, and a high yield ratio cannot be achieved.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the structural fraction of the steel sheet obtained in this example, and it can be seen that the steel sheet according to the present invention has the ferrite and martensite fractions within the specified range.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the mechanical properties of the steel sheet obtained in this example.
- Example 2 Steel having the chemical composition shown in Table 4 was melted in a converter and slab steel (sheet thickness: 230 mm) was produced by continuous casting, and then hot-rolled to 2.3 mm (finish rolling temperature in hot rolling) Is 880 ° C. and the winding temperature is 560 ° C.). Next, the obtained hot-rolled steel sheet was pickled and then cold-rolled to a thickness of 1.4 mm (cold rolling rate: 39%).
- annealing and hot dip galvanizing were performed in a continuous plating annealing line under the annealing conditions shown in Table 5.
- the hot dip galvanizing process was performed after the low temperature holding process, and the third cooling was performed after the plating process.
- the plating bath temperature at this time was 450 ° C., and the plating bath residence time was 2 seconds.
Abstract
Description
フェライトは伸び特性の向上に寄与する組織として重要であり、伸び特性を確保するため、全組織に対するフェライト分率を3面積%以上とする。好ましくは5面積%以上である。一方、ベイナイト組織を確保して高降伏比を実現するには、フェライト分率を20面積%以下に抑える必要がある。好ましくは18面積%以下である。
マルテンサイトは高強度の確保に必要な組織であり、本発明では全組織に対するマルテンサイト分率を10面積%以上とする。好ましくは15面積%以上である。一方、ベイナイト組織を確保して高降伏比を実現するには、マルテンサイト分率を35面積%以下に抑える必要がある。好ましくは30面積%以下である。
上述の通り、本発明の鋼板は、ベイナイトを母相組織(主相)とするものである。本発明における「母相組織」とは、全組織に占める割合の最も多い組織のことをいう。ベイナイト、フェライトおよびマルテンサイトの3相のみから構成されている場合、上記フェライト分率およびマルテンサイト分率の上限値から、ベイナイト分率は45面積%以上となり、ベイナイト組織が「母相組織」となる。尚、本発明において、製造過程において生成しうる残留オーステナイトは、このマルテンサイトに含むものとする。
Cは、焼入れ性の向上に加えて、ベイナイトやマルテンサイトの硬質化に寄与し、鋼板の強度を確保するために必要な元素である。C量が不足するとフェライトが多く生成してしまうだけでなく、ベイナイトやマルテンサイトも軟質化するため、高降伏比や高強度を達成することが困難となる。そこで本発明では、C量を0.12%以上と定めた。好ましくは0.13%以上、より好ましくは0.14%以上である。一方、Cが過剰に含まれると溶接性が低下するため、C量は0.3%以下とする。好ましくは0.26%以下、より好ましくは0.23%以下である。
Siは、フェライトの固溶強化に有効な元素であるが、めっき密着性を低下させる元素でもあるため、本発明では極力少ない方がよい。よってSi量は0.1%以下とする。好ましくは0.07%以下、より好ましくは0.05%以下、更に好ましくは0.03%以下である。
Mnは、焼入れ性を向上させて高強度確保に寄与する元素である。Mn量が不足すると焼入れ性が不十分となってフェライトが多く生成してしまい、高強度や高降伏比を達成することが困難となる。そこで本発明ではMnを2.0%以上含有させる。好ましいMn量は2.3%以上である。一方、Mnが過剰に含まれると、強度-伸びバランスや溶接性が低下しやすくなるため、Mn量は3.5%以下、好ましくは3.2%以下である。
Pは、フェライトの固溶強化に有効な元素であるが、めっき密着性を低下させる元素でもあるため、本発明では極力少ない方がよい。よってP量は0.05%以下とする。好ましくは0.03%以下である。
Sは不可避不純物元素であり、加工性や溶接性を確保する観点から極力少ない方がよいため、0.05%以下とする。好ましくは0.02%以下、より好ましくは0.01%以下である。
Alは脱酸作用を有する元素であり、0.005%以上とする。好ましくは0.01%以上、より好ましくは0.02%以上である。しかし過剰に添加してもその効果は飽和するため、Al量の上限を0.1%とする。好ましくは0.08%以下、より好ましくは0.06%以下である。
Nは不可避不純物元素であり、多量に含まれると靭性や伸びを劣化させる傾向があるため、N量の上限を0.015%とする。好ましくは0.01%以下、より好ましくは0.005%以下である。
Cr、Mo、Bは、いずれも焼入れ性を向上させて高強度確保に寄与する元素である。この様な効果を発揮させるには、Crの場合、好ましくは0.04%以上、Moの場合、好ましくは0.04%以上、Bの場合、好ましくは0.0010%以上含有させるのがよい。しかしCr、Moが過剰に含まれると伸びが劣化するため、それぞれの上限を1.0%以下とすることが好ましい。より好ましくはCrの場合0.50%以下、Moの場合0.50%以下である。また、Bが過剰に含まれた場合、その効果は飽和するだけでなく、伸びが劣化するので、B量の上限は0.01%とすることが好ましく、より好ましくは0.005%である。
Ti、Vは、炭窒化物の析出や組織の微細化により高強度確保に寄与する元素である。この様な効果を十分に発揮させるには、Tiの場合、好ましくは0.01%以上、Vの場合、好ましくは0.01%以上含有させることが好ましい。しかし、いずれの元素を過剰に含有させても上記効果は飽和するだけであるので、それぞれの上限を0.3%とすることが好ましい。より好ましくはTiの場合0.20%以下、Vの場合0.20%以下である。
上記の成分組成を満たす冷間圧延鋼板を加熱して、Ac3点~(Ac3点+150℃)の温度域(均熱温度T1)で5~200秒(均熱時間t1)均熱する。均熱温度T1がAc3点を下回ると、オーステナイト変態が不十分となり、フェライトが多く残存して所望の組織を確保することが困難となる。また、フェライト中に加工歪みが残存しやすくなるため、優れた伸び特性が得られにくい。均熱温度T1は好ましくは(Ac3点+10℃)以上である。一方、均熱温度T1が(Ac3点+150℃)を上回ると、オーステナイトの粒成長が促進されて組織が粗大化してしまい、強度-伸びバランスが低下するため好ましくない。均熱温度T1は好ましくは(Ac3点+100℃)以下である。
上記フェライト分率を満たすようにするには、T1から380~460℃の温度域(T2)までの平均冷却速度(CR1)を3~30℃/秒とすることが有効である。平均冷却速度CR1が30℃/秒を上回ると、3%以上のフェライトを確保することが困難となるため、伸び特性の確保が難しくなる。平均冷却速度CR1は好ましくは25℃/秒以下である。一方、平均冷却速度CR1が3℃/秒を下回ると、フェライト変態が進行し、フェライト分率を20%以内に抑えることが困難となるため、高降伏比の確保が難しくなる。平均冷却速度CR1は好ましくは5℃/秒以上である。
上記平均冷却速度(CR1)で低温保持温度T2まで冷却後、この380~460℃の温度域(低温保持温度T2)で20~300秒(低温保持時間t2)確保する。380℃未満の温度でもベイナイト変態は起こるが、GIやGAを製造する場合、めっき浴の温度を過剰に低下させることとなり、生産性の低下が懸念される。460℃超の温度では、ベイナイト変態が起こりにくく、ベイナイトを主相とする所望の組織を確保することができない。ベイナイト変態が生じやすい380~460℃の温度で保持することにより、ベイナイトを主相とする所望の組織を確保することができる。低温保持温度T2は好ましくは390℃以上であり、より好ましくは400℃以上である。
このように、低温保持温度T2及び低温保持時間t2を制御することにより、ベイナイト分率を制御する。
なお、フェライトとベイナイトが変態した後に残存しているオーステナイトがマルテンサイトとなるので、フェライト分率とベイナイト分率を制御することによりマルテンサイト分率を制御できる。
表1に示す化学組成のスラブ鋼(板厚:25mm)を通常の溶製方法に従って溶製し、鋳造して作製した後、2.4mm厚まで熱間圧延した(仕上げ圧延温度は880℃、巻取温度は560℃である)。次いで得られた熱間圧延鋼板を酸洗した後、1.2mm厚まで冷間圧延した(冷延率:50%)。
JIS Z2201の5号試験片を採取し、JIS Z2241に従って引張強度(TS)、降伏強度(YS)、全伸び(EL)を測定した。これらの値から、降伏比(YR)およびTS×ELを算出した。TSは980MPa以上である場合を高強度であると評価し、YRは65%以上である場合を高降伏比であると評価した。またELについて、TS×EL/100が130以上である場合を強度と伸びのバランス(TS-ELバランス)に優れていると評価した。
日本鉄鋼連盟規格JFS T 1001に規定の方法で試験片を採取し、初期穴径di=10mmφの打抜き穴加工を施した後、頂角60°の円錐パンチを押し込んで該打抜き穴を広げた。そして、打抜き穴部分に生じたクラックが板厚を貫通したときの穴径dbを求め、下記式によって限界穴広がり率(hole expanding limit;本明細書では「穴広げ率」と記載する場合がある)λ(%)を算出した。そして本実施例では、引張強度(TS)×穴広げ率(λ)/100が210以上である場合を強度と伸びフランジ性のバランス(TS-λバランス)に優れていると評価した。
マルテンサイトは、次のような方法で分率を測定した。上記で得られた鋼板の圧延方向に垂直な断面を研磨し、ナイタール腐食(knightal)を行った後、走査型電子顕微鏡により、1視野が約30μm×30μmの測定領域を、倍率3,000倍で観察した。観察は3視野について行い、点算法(point counting method)によって測定したマルテンサイト面積率の算術平均を求めた。
表4に示す化学組成を有する鋼を転炉で溶製し、連続鋳造によりスラブ鋼(板厚:230mm)を作製した後、2.3mm厚まで熱間圧延した(熱間圧延における仕上げ圧延温度は880℃、巻取温度は560℃である)。次いで得られた熱間圧延鋼板を酸洗した後、1.4mm厚まで冷間圧延した(冷延率:39%)。
Claims (3)
- 鋼板の表面に溶融亜鉛めっき層または合金化溶融亜鉛めっき層を有するめっき鋼板であって、
C:0.12~0.3%(質量%の意味。化学成分組成について以下同じ)、
Si:0.1%以下(0%を含まない)、
Mn:2.0~3.5%、
P:0.05%以下(0%を含まない)、
S:0.05%以下(0%を含まない)、
Al:0.005~0.1%、および
N:0.015%以下(0%を含まない)
を満たし、残部が鉄および不可避不純物であって、
金属組織が、
ベイナイトを母相組織とするものであって、
全組織に対する割合で、
フェライトの面積率:3~20%、および
マルテンサイトの面積率:10~35%
を満たすことを特徴とする、引張強度が980MPa以上の加工性に優れた高降伏比高強度めっき鋼板。 - 更に、
Cr:1.0%以下(0%を含まない)、
Mo:1.0%以下(0%を含まない)、および
B:0.01%以下(0%を含まない)
よりなる群から選択される1種以上の元素を含む請求項1に記載のめっき鋼板。 - 更に、
Ti:0.3%以下(0%を含まない)、および/または
V:0.3%以下(0%を含まない)を含む請求項1に記載のめっき鋼板。
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US13/635,768 US9040169B2 (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2011-03-30 | Hot-dip galvanized steel sheet and alloyed hot-dip galvanized steel sheet, each having excellent workability, high yield ratio and high strength |
GB1218559.1A GB2499689A (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2011-03-30 | Hot dipped galvanized steel sheet and alloyed hot-dip galvanised steel sheet, each having excellent processability, high yield ratio and high strength |
CN201180016239.2A CN102844454B (zh) | 2010-03-31 | 2011-03-30 | 加工性优异的高屈服比高强度的熔融镀锌钢板和合金化熔融镀锌钢板 |
KR1020127025372A KR101470721B1 (ko) | 2010-03-31 | 2011-03-30 | 가공성이 우수한 고항복비 고강도의 용융 아연 도금 강판 및 합금화 용융 아연 도금 강판 |
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US (1) | US9040169B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5432802B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101470721B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102844454B (ja) |
GB (1) | GB2499689A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2011125738A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20130273391A1 (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-17 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.) | High-yield-ratio high-strength steel sheet having excellent workability |
Families Citing this family (9)
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KR101682868B1 (ko) | 2011-07-21 | 2016-12-05 | 가부시키가이샤 고베 세이코쇼 | 열간 프레스 성형 강 부재의 제조 방법 |
CA2869340C (en) | 2012-04-05 | 2016-10-25 | Tata Steel Ijmuiden B.V. | Steel strip having a low si content |
JP5867436B2 (ja) | 2013-03-28 | 2016-02-24 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 高強度合金化溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板およびその製造方法 |
JP5867435B2 (ja) | 2013-03-28 | 2016-02-24 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 高強度溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板およびその製造方法 |
JP6246621B2 (ja) * | 2013-05-08 | 2017-12-13 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 引張強度が1180MPa以上の強度−曲げ性バランスに優れた溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板もしくは合金化溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板 |
KR102148739B1 (ko) * | 2016-01-29 | 2020-08-27 | 제이에프이 스틸 가부시키가이샤 | 고강도 아연 도금 강판, 고강도 부재 및 고강도 아연 도금 강판의 제조 방법 |
ES2911655T3 (es) * | 2019-06-17 | 2022-05-20 | Tata Steel Ijmuiden Bv | Tratamiento térmico de un fleje de acero laminado en frío |
JP7389322B2 (ja) * | 2019-08-20 | 2023-11-30 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 薄鋼板及びその製造方法 |
CN111235460B (zh) * | 2020-02-12 | 2021-08-17 | 首钢集团有限公司 | 一种适用于感应加热的桥壳钢及其生产方法 |
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JP2003247045A (ja) * | 2001-10-03 | 2003-09-05 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 伸びフランジ性に優れた複合組織鋼板およびその製造方法 |
JP2010065316A (ja) * | 2008-08-12 | 2010-03-25 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 加工性に優れた高強度鋼板 |
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JP2000282175A (ja) * | 1999-04-02 | 2000-10-10 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 加工性に優れた超高強度熱延鋼板およびその製造方法 |
FR2830260B1 (fr) | 2001-10-03 | 2007-02-23 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Tole d'acier a double phase a excellente formabilite de bords par etirage et procede de fabrication de celle-ci |
JP4336269B2 (ja) | 2004-08-12 | 2009-09-30 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 溶融亜鉛めっき高張力鋼板の製造装置 |
JP5194811B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-30 | 2013-05-08 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 高強度溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板 |
JP5194878B2 (ja) * | 2007-04-13 | 2013-05-08 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 加工性および溶接性に優れる高強度溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板およびその製造方法 |
EP2202327B1 (en) * | 2007-10-25 | 2020-12-02 | JFE Steel Corporation | Method for manufacturing a high-strength galvanized steel sheet with excellent formability |
JP5119903B2 (ja) * | 2007-12-20 | 2013-01-16 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 高強度溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板および高強度合金化溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板の製造方法 |
JP4894863B2 (ja) * | 2008-02-08 | 2012-03-14 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 加工性に優れた高強度溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板およびその製造方法 |
-
2010
- 2010-03-31 JP JP2010084468A patent/JP5432802B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-03-30 WO PCT/JP2011/058007 patent/WO2011125738A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2011-03-30 US US13/635,768 patent/US9040169B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-03-30 CN CN201180016239.2A patent/CN102844454B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-03-30 GB GB1218559.1A patent/GB2499689A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-03-30 KR KR1020127025372A patent/KR101470721B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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JPH07197121A (ja) * | 1993-12-29 | 1995-08-01 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 高密度エネルギーの照射によって高強度化特性を示す高加工性鋼板を製造する方法 |
JP2003247045A (ja) * | 2001-10-03 | 2003-09-05 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 伸びフランジ性に優れた複合組織鋼板およびその製造方法 |
JP2010065316A (ja) * | 2008-08-12 | 2010-03-25 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 加工性に優れた高強度鋼板 |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20130273391A1 (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-17 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.) | High-yield-ratio high-strength steel sheet having excellent workability |
CN103361577A (zh) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-23 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | 加工性优异的高屈强比高强度钢板 |
US9611524B2 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2017-04-04 | Kobe Steel, Ltd. | High-yield-ratio high-strength steel sheet having excellent workability |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2011214101A (ja) | 2011-10-27 |
KR20120126116A (ko) | 2012-11-20 |
GB201218559D0 (en) | 2012-11-28 |
CN102844454A (zh) | 2012-12-26 |
US20130017411A1 (en) | 2013-01-17 |
CN102844454B (zh) | 2016-04-27 |
GB2499689A (en) | 2013-08-28 |
JP5432802B2 (ja) | 2014-03-05 |
KR101470721B1 (ko) | 2014-12-08 |
US9040169B2 (en) | 2015-05-26 |
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