WO2011122661A1 - 2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンの単独重合体 - Google Patents

2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンの単独重合体 Download PDF

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WO2011122661A1
WO2011122661A1 PCT/JP2011/058013 JP2011058013W WO2011122661A1 WO 2011122661 A1 WO2011122661 A1 WO 2011122661A1 JP 2011058013 W JP2011058013 W JP 2011058013W WO 2011122661 A1 WO2011122661 A1 WO 2011122661A1
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homopolymer
tetrafluoropropene
polymerization
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井本 克彦
裕司 今堀
卓司 石川
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Daikin Industries Ltd
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F114/00Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
    • C08F114/18Monomers containing fluorine
    • C08F114/185Monomers containing fluorine not covered by the groups C08F114/20 - C08F114/28
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/02Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
    • C08J3/09Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in organic liquids
    • C08J3/091Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in organic liquids characterised by the chemical constitution of the organic liquid
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D127/00Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D127/02Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C09D127/12Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2327/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2327/02Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08J2327/12Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
    • C08J2327/18Homopolymers or copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a homopolymer of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene.
  • HFO-1234yf 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene
  • Patent Documents 1 to 4 it has also been proposed to use 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoroethylene as a comonomer. Further, since 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoroethylene itself has a relatively low radical polymerizability, there are few references on homopolymers (Patent Document 5).
  • the homopolymer described in Patent Document 5 is prepared by solution polymerization using a fluorine-based polymerization initiator in a fluorine-based solvent, and is obtained as a homopolymer having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 39 ° C. Yes.
  • Tg glass transition temperature
  • the homopolymer is described as being substantially transparent to ultraviolet light having a wavelength of about 150 nm to 260 nm.
  • the present invention is different from a 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoroethylene homopolymer described in Patent Document 5 as a substance (polymer), is excellent in solvent solubility and transparency, and is water repellent.
  • An object is to provide a novel amorphous 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene homopolymer having excellent oil repellency.
  • the present invention relates to an amorphous homopolymer of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene having a glass transition temperature exceeding 39 ° C.
  • the homopolymer of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene of the present invention has a Tg exceeding 39 ° C., and is different from the homopolymer described in Patent Document 5 in this respect.
  • Tg is preferably 40 ° C. or higher, more preferably 42 ° C. or higher, from the viewpoints of durability, hardness, and the like.
  • the homopolymer of the present invention is amorphous. Therefore, it does not have a crystalline melting point.
  • the number average molecular weight is 1000 or more, further 5000 or more, 500,000 or less, further 100,000 or less, particularly 50000 or less, and can be appropriately changed within this range depending on the polymerization method and polymerization conditions.
  • the homopolymer of the present invention is excellent in transparency.
  • the transmittance of light at least in the wavelength range of 210 to 750 nm, and further in the wavelength range of 210 to 2800 nm can be 80% or more.
  • the specific 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene homopolymer of the present invention is produced by subjecting it to radical polymerization in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator, with or without using a polymerization solvent. it can.
  • any polymerization method can be used without limitation as long as it proceeds mainly by a normal radical reaction such as bulk polymerization, solution polymerization, emulsion polymerization, suspension polymerization and the like.
  • the polymerization initiator to be used is not particularly limited and may be an organic polymerization initiator or an inorganic polymerization initiator, and may be a fluorine polymerization initiator or a non-fluorine polymerization initiator. Examples of polymerization initiation by heat, light, radiation and the like can be mentioned, and these may be selected appropriately.
  • the homopolymer of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene of the present invention is a TFE polymer as a radically polymerizable fluoroolefin replacing conventional tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) and chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE).
  • CTFE polymers are used in various applications such as paints, antireflection agents, optical materials, protective materials for electronic materials, protective films for solar cells, coating materials for adhesives / protective films, release agents, Water / oil repellent, wire covering material, LED sealing material, protective material for pellicle, electrophotographic photosensitive member surface material, semiconductor protective material, metal protective material, semiconductor carrier material, plastic protective material, plastic adhesive, concrete protective material, etc. It is useful as a material.
  • the equipment and measurement conditions used for property evaluation are as follows.
  • Glass transition temperature Tg Glass transition temperature Tg
  • ASTM E1356-98 a DSC measuring device manufactured by METTLER TOLEDO is used, and Tg is determined by the midpoint method at 2nd run. Measurement conditions Temperature rising rate: 20 ° C / min Sample amount: 10 mg Heat cycle: -50 ° C to 150 ° C, temperature rise, cooling, temperature rise
  • Hitachi spectrophotometer U-4100 Measurement conditions: 180 to 2600 nm, 2 nm interval, 1200 nm / min
  • Example 1 To a 100 mL stainless steel autoclave, 0.2 g of Parroyl NPP (a radical polymerization initiator manufactured by NOF Corporation) was added, and after substituting with nitrogen, the autoclave was cooled to 5 ° C. and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro 30 g of propene was added. After the reaction in the autoclave was kept at 40 ° C. for 10 hours, the inside of the autoclave was returned to normal temperature and normal pressure to stop the polymerization. A white powder of 9.1 g of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene homopolymer was obtained. The obtained powder had a glass transition temperature of 50 ° C. and a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 10,000. The light transmittance was measured and found to be 80% or more at a wavelength of 210 to 750 nm.
  • Parroyl NPP a radical polymerization initiator manufactured by NOF Corporation
  • the 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene homopolymer of the present invention is a fluorine-based homopolymer and has high solubility in a wide range of organic solvents. .
  • Example 2 To a 300 mL stainless steel autoclave, 0.21 g of perbutyl PV (radical polymerization initiator manufactured by NOF Corporation) was added, and after nitrogen substitution, the autoclave was cooled to 5 ° C., and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro 45 g of propene was added. While stirring, the temperature inside the autoclave was raised to 60 ° C. to initiate the reaction. The reaction was carried out for 7 hours while maintaining the temperature in the autoclave at 60 ° C., and then the polymerization was stopped by returning the inside of the autoclave to room temperature and normal pressure. 6.8 g of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene homopolymer as white powder was obtained. The obtained powder had a glass transition temperature of 49 ° C. and a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 9,800.
  • Mn number average molecular weight
  • Example 3 In a 2L stainless steel autoclave, ion-exchanged water 1000g, formula: (Wherein n is a mixture of 10 and 11), 1.05 g of a 38% by weight aqueous solution of the compound represented by the formula (compound (2-1) concentration 400 ppm / water) was charged, and the system was sufficiently replaced with nitrogen gas. And reduced pressure. Subsequently, 50 g of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene was injected and the temperature was raised to 70 ° C.

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  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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Abstract

 溶剤溶解性、透明性に優れ、かつ、撥水・撥油性に優れ、ガラス転移温度が39℃を超えることを特徴とする非晶質の新規な2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペン単独重合体を提供する。

Description

2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンの単独重合体
 本発明は、2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンの単独重合体に関する。
 従来、2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペン(HFO-1234yf)は比較的安定な化合物と考えられており、冷媒または電熱流体用の化合物として使用されている。
 一方、2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロエチレンを共単量体として用いることも提案されている(特許文献1~4)。また、2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロエチレン自体はラジカル重合性が比較的低いことから、単独重合体については文献が少ない(特許文献5)。
 特許文献5に記載の単独重合体は、フッ素系溶剤中において、フッ素系の重合開始剤を使用して溶液重合により調製され、ガラス転移温度(Tg)が39℃の単独重合体として得られている。該単独重合体は、波長約150nm~260nmの紫外線に対して実質透明であると記載されている。
特開平9-288915号公報 特開2001-272504号公報 特開2001-122928号公報 特開2004-256666号公報 特表2004-536171号公報
 本発明は、特許文献5に記載の2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロエチレンの単独重合体とは物質(重合体)として異なり、また、溶剤溶解性、透明性に優れ、かつ、撥水・撥油性に優れた非晶質の新規な2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペン単独重合体を提供することを目的とする。
 すなわち本発明は、ガラス転移温度が39℃を超える2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンの非晶質な単独重合体に関する。
 本発明によれば、溶剤溶解性、透明性に優れ、かつ、撥水・撥油性に優れた非晶質の新規な2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペン単独重合体を提供することができる。
 本発明の2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンの単独重合体は、Tgが39℃を超えるものであり、この点で特許文献5記載の単独重合体と異なる。Tgは、耐久性、硬度などの観点から、40℃以上、さらには42℃以上が好ましい。
 本発明の単独重合体は非晶質である。したがって、結晶融点をもたない。
 数平均分子量は、1000以上、さらには5000以上であり、500000以下、さらには100000以下、特には50000以下であり、重合方法や重合条件などによって、この範囲内で適宜変更できる。
 また、本発明の単独重合体は透明性に優れる。たとえば、少なくとも波長210~750nm領域、さらには波長210~2800nm領域の光の透過率を80%以上とすることができる。
 本発明の特定の2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンの単独重合体は、ラジカル重合開始剤の存在下、重合溶媒を用いて、または重合溶媒を用いずにラジカル重合に供することにより製造できる。
 重合形式としては、塊重合、溶液重合、乳化重合、懸濁重合など、通常のラジカル反応が中心として進行するものであれば制限されず採用できる。
 用いる重合開始剤は特に限定されず、有機系重合開始剤であっても無機系重合開始剤であってもよく、また、フッ素系重合開始剤でも非フッ素系重合開始剤でもよい。熱、光、放射線などによる重合開始形式もあげられ、これらを適切に選定すればよい。
 本発明の2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンの単独重合体は、従来のテトラフルオロエチレン(TFE)、クロロトリフルオロエチレン(CTFE)に代わるラジカル重合性のフルオロオレフィンとして、TFE系重合体やCTFE系重合体が用いられている種々の用途、たとえば、塗料、反射防止剤、光学材料、電子材料保護材、太陽電池用保護フィルムや接着剤・保護フィルム用コーティング材、離型剤、撥水撥油剤、電線被覆材、LED封止材、ペリクル用保護材、電子写真感光体表面材、半導体保護材、金属保護材、半導体キャリアー材、プラスチック保護材、プラスチック用接着剤、コンクリート保護材などの材料として有用である。
 つぎに本発明を実施例をあげて説明するが、本発明はかかる実施例のみに限定されるものではない。
 特性の評価に使用した装置および測定条件は以下のとおりである。
(ガラス転移温度Tg)
 ASTM E1356-98に従い、METLER TOLEDO製のDSC測定装置を使用し、2nd runにおいて中点法によりTgを決定する。
 測定条件
  昇温速度;20℃/min
  試料量;10mg
  ヒートサイクル;-50℃~150℃、昇温、冷却、昇温
(数平均分子量)
 測定装置:昭和電工製Shodex GPC-104
 測定条件:溶離液としてはテトラヒドロフランを使用し、分子量の標準サンプルとしては分子量既知のポリスチレンを使用する。
(光線透過率)
 日立分光光度計 U-4100
 測定条件:180~2600nm 2nm間隔 1200nm/min
実施例1
 100mLステンレス製オートクレーブにパーロイルNPP(日油(株)製のラジカル重合開始剤)0.2gを加え、窒素置換をした後にオートクレーブ内を5℃まで冷却し、2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンを30g加えた。オートクレーブ内温度を40℃に保ち10時間反応させた後、オートクレーブ内を常温常圧に戻して重合を停止した。白色粉体の2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンの単独重合体9.1gが得られた。得られた粉体のガラス転移温度は50℃、数平均分子量(Mn)は10000であった。また、光線透過率を測定したところ波長210~750nmにおいて80%以上であった。
(1)溶解度の評価
 得られた2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンの単独重合体を表1に示す各種有機溶媒に添加し、5質量%の溶液を調製した。調製した溶液を目視にて観察し、溶解度の判定を行なった。
○:完全に溶解し、溶液が透明であった。
△:ポリマーは溶解したが、溶液が白濁した。
×:ポリマーが溶解しなかった。
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
 表1の結果から、本発明の2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペン単独重合体は、フッ素系の単独重合体でありながら、幅広い有機溶媒に高い溶解性を有していることがわかる。
 得られた2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンの単独重合体を用いて塗膜を作製し、その静的接触角および転落角を調べた。
(2)塗膜の評価
(塗膜の作製)
 実施例1で得られた2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンの単独重合体を酢酸ブチルに溶解させ、40%の溶液を得た。ガラス板上に24番のメイヤーロッドを用いて塗装した。風乾後、150℃で30分乾燥させ、2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンの単独重合体の塗膜を得た。
(静的接触角の測定)
 接触角計(協和界面科学(株)製)を用いて、2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンの単独重合体の塗膜に、水またはヘキサデカンを2μL滴下し、接触角を測定した。測定は10回行ない、その平均値を接触角とした。その結果、対水接触角は99°、対油接触角(ヘキサデカン)は53°であり、撥水撥油性を示すことがわかった。
(転落角の測定)
 水平に置いた塗板にマイクロシリンジから水20μL、またはヘキサデカン5μLを滴下し、塗板を傾斜させ液滴が転落し始める角度を測定した。測定は6回行ない、その平均値を転落角とした。その結果、水の転落角は27°、ヘキサデカンの転落角は25°であり、非常に低い角度で液滴が転落することがわかった。
実施例2
 300mLステンレス製オートクレーブにパーブチルPV(日油(株)製のラジカル重合開始剤)0.21gを加え、窒素置換をした後にオートクレーブ内を5℃まで冷却し、2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンを45g加えた。撹拌しながらオートクレーブ内を60℃まで昇温し、反応を開始した。オートクレーブ内温度を60℃に保ち7時間反応させた後、オートクレーブ内を常温常圧に戻して重合を停止した。白色粉体の2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンの単独重合体6.8gが得られた。得られた粉体のガラス転移温度は49℃、数平均分子量(Mn)は9800であった。
実施例3
 2Lのステンレススチール製のオートクレーブに、イオン交換水1000g、式:
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000002
(式中、nは10と11の混合物)で示される化合物の38質量%水溶液1.05g(化合物(2-1)の濃度400ppm/水)を仕込み、系内を窒素ガスで充分に置換後、減圧にした。続いて2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンを50g圧入し、70℃に昇温した。
 ついで過硫酸アンモニウム(APS)2.00g(2000ppm/水)を10mlのイオン交換水に溶解した重合開始剤溶液を窒素ガスで圧入し、600rpmで撹拌しながら反応を開始した。
 重合の進行に伴い内圧が降下し始めた時点で、2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンを内圧が0.75~0.8MPaを維持するように供給した。重合開始から30時間後に未反応単量体を放出し、オートクレーブを冷却して、固形分濃度2.3質量%の2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンの単独重合体の水性分散液を得た。得られた粉体のガラス転移温度は42℃であった。

Claims (1)

  1. 2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンの非晶質な単独重合体であって、ガラス転移温度が39℃を超えることを特徴とする2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペン単独重合体。
PCT/JP2011/058013 2010-03-30 2011-03-30 2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンの単独重合体 Ceased WO2011122661A1 (ja)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014031330A1 (en) * 2012-08-20 2014-02-27 Honeywell International Inc. Synthesis of high molecular weight poly(2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene)
US8968877B2 (en) 2011-02-16 2015-03-03 Honeywell International Inc. Barrier materials for mirror assemblies
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US8968877B2 (en) 2011-02-16 2015-03-03 Honeywell International Inc. Barrier materials for mirror assemblies
EP3243850A1 (en) 2011-10-05 2017-11-15 Honeywell International Inc. Aqueous suspension polymerization of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene
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