WO2011110370A1 - Appareil de climatisation et son procédé de fonctionnement - Google Patents

Appareil de climatisation et son procédé de fonctionnement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011110370A1
WO2011110370A1 PCT/EP2011/001322 EP2011001322W WO2011110370A1 WO 2011110370 A1 WO2011110370 A1 WO 2011110370A1 EP 2011001322 W EP2011001322 W EP 2011001322W WO 2011110370 A1 WO2011110370 A1 WO 2011110370A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
heat
water
layer
conducting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/001322
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Donald Herbst
Original Assignee
Donald Herbst
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Donald Herbst filed Critical Donald Herbst
Publication of WO2011110370A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011110370A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F3/147—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification with both heat and humidity transfer between supplied and exhausted air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
    • B01D53/263—Drying gases or vapours by absorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
    • B01D53/268—Drying gases or vapours by diffusion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F3/1411—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by absorbing or adsorbing water, e.g. using an hygroscopic desiccant
    • F24F3/1417—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by absorbing or adsorbing water, e.g. using an hygroscopic desiccant with liquid hygroscopic desiccants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/30—Alkali metal compounds
    • B01D2251/302—Alkali metal compounds of lithium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F2003/1435—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification comprising semi-permeable membrane

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an air conditioner and a method for operating this air conditioner.
  • an air conditioner formed from two heat exchangers in which the heat exchangers each have a capillary tube, through which a fluid to be cooled and / or heated to be heated, wherein the capillary tube in cocurrent with the fluid with water or a hygroscopic Sorptionswished wetted and flows through in countercurrent to the fluid of air.
  • the capillary tube registers in turn each consist of at least one capillary tube mat whose capillary tubes have a hydrophilic or water-spreading surface with a contact angle of less than 20 °. In this way it can be achieved that a uniform wetting of the capillary tubes already at a very wrestling amount supplied sorption solution or water supplied takes place.
  • the air conditioning system is operated such that the two heat exchangers are successively flowed through by the fluid in a closed circuit, wherein, for example, in the cooling mode (summer mode) in the first heat exchanger, the supplied outside air is dehumidified and cooled on the surface of the capillary tubes wetted by the sorption solution , The circulating in a closed circuit
  • Fluid absorbs heat and then enters the second heat exchanger, in which it is cooled by heat to the outgoing from the cooled room exhaust air, which was previously cooled by adiabatic cooling in a humidifier from room temperature to saturation temperature, again in order to be after the return in the first heat exchanger to cool the outside air flowing through this again.
  • Air conditioning by sorption and desorption of water by means of a recirculated hygroscopic sorption solution In this, a drying of the air stream to be conditioned by sorption of water contained therein and a regeneration of the low sorption by the sorption of water sorption by desorption of water using low-temperature heat and ambient air by means of a solar collector done.
  • the drying of the air stream to be conditioned is carried out in a falling film-material heat exchanger in that the hygroscopic sorption solution flows down as a trickle film on one side of a vertical dividing wall. On the other side of the dividing wall, water flows flat as a falling film and moistens a stream of air flowing across the falling film, which is cooled by water absorption. Due to the thermal conductivity of the partition, heat is thereby also withdrawn from the air stream to be conditioned.
  • this known device has the
  • an air conditioner with a heat exchanger in which the flow paths for the supply air and the exhaust air are separated by a heat-conducting partition and the heat-conductive partition has at least on one side a hydrophilic surface, and a method of operation specify of this, which require little effort for both the installation and the operation and with which a high efficiency can be achieved.
  • the heat exchanger should be installable in any position and it is the frost sensitivity be reduced.
  • This object is achieved by an air conditioner with the features of claim 1 and by a method having the features of claim 7.
  • Advantageous developments of the air conditioner or the method will become apparent from the respective associated subclaims.
  • the air conditioner with only one heat exchanger in which the heat exchange directly between the supply air and the drain without the interposition of a
  • the sorption solution in particular has the effect that, even at a relatively high temperature of the exhaust air, for example above 10 ° C., a shift in the saturation line towards lower humidity releases a larger part of the heat, whereas without the sorption solution this is only at lower temperatures. temperatures, for example, below 10 ° C used.
  • Lithium chloride solution as a sorption solution the efficiency of an air conditioner can be increased by up to 40%.
  • the sorption liquid in the active, liquid-conducting layer diffuses on the incoming air side to remove moisture from the To take in air.
  • the sorption liquid is moved in countercurrent to the air flow because the higher concentration must come into contact with the exiting air in order to achieve high efficiencies.
  • water diffuses in the active, liquid-carrying layer for humidifying the exhaust air during the heat release, because it also allows the latent heat of the exhaust air to be utilized.
  • the water flow is also conducted in countercurrent to the air, because this is usually cold
  • Water is run with excess to drain away the lime in the water when using drinking water, and the water absorbs more heat when it comes out on the warm side.
  • both sides of the heat-conducting partition wall each have an active, liquid-conducting layer.
  • the side leading the cooler air is preferably supplied to water in the same way as the sorption solution on the other side of the dividing wall, but in the opposite direction, since the two air flows are also in the opposite direction along the
  • the Sorption solution can thus be conducted in a circuit in which it alternately absorbs water and releases it again.
  • the use of water in winter operation is not possible if there is a risk that the temperature of the outside air drops below 0 ° C.
  • the strength of the hydrophilicity is measured by the so-called contact angle. This is the contact angle of drops of water that are positioned on a surface. At a large contact angle, the surface is referred to as hydrophobic, the contact angle is less than 20 °, it is referred to as hydrophilic.
  • the active, liquid-conducting layer here has a contact angle of 0 ° with respect to the wetting liquid, which is thus completely absorbed by capillary action and held in the layer.
  • liquid When liquid is supplied, it spreads in all directions in the layer, ie also against gravity. This makes it possible to guide the liquids on both sides of the partition in countercurrent to each other. It is preferably replenished only so much liquid that it can be completely absorbed by the layer, ie it should not flow water on the surface of the layer.
  • the sorption solution can absorb water from the air, so that only enough sorption solution has to be supplied so that the layer is completely soaked by the sum of sorption solution and absorbed water.
  • gravity is no longer needed for the transport of the sorbent and the heat exchanger can have any angle to the vertical.
  • the diffusion direction of the sorption liquid can thus also be horizontal or even vertically upwards.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a
  • Heat exchanger with a partition wall which is provided on both sides with a hydrophilic surface forming an active layer
  • Fig. 2 shows a heat exchanger according to Fig. 1 using air conditioner in a schematic representation.
  • Fig. 1 shows two contiguous Beer arrangements- channels 1 and 2 of a heat exchanger, which are separated by a heat-conducting partition 3 from each other.
  • the partition wall 3 is coated on both sides with an active, liquid-carrying layer 4, which has a thickness of more than 10 m. This thickness is in particular determined on the basis of the intended amount of liquid flowing through the layer 4 per unit time so that the entire liquid can be absorbed and held in the layer.
  • the partition wall 3 is coated on both sides with an active, liquid-carrying layer 4, which has a thickness of more than 10 m. This thickness is in particular determined on the basis of the intended amount of liquid flowing through the layer 4 per unit time so that the entire liquid can be absorbed and held in the layer.
  • Layer 4 has the property that a liquid absorbed by it is held by capillary action and spreads in all directions when additional liquid is supplied.
  • the layer 4 expediently consists of a fleece in which, for example, a 20% fraction of polyester fibers forms a base lattice in which cellulose is embedded.
  • This in turn preferably consists of two different components, namely one
  • a binder which advantageously consists of ethylene-vinyl acetate.
  • channel 2 will have the warmer exhaust air and channel 1 the cooler supply air, as well as that on the
  • the sorption solution extracts water from the exhaust air, releasing heat of condensation. Because the Condensation takes place directly in the layer 4, a significant portion of the heat generated is transmitted through the partition wall 3 and delivered to the supply air, so that it heats up more than in the case in which no sorption solution is used.
  • the saturation line of the exhaust air is shifted toward low humidity.
  • additional heat of condensation can be obtained, which increases the efficiency of the heat exchanger. It has been found that at low outdoor temperatures, the use of the sorption solution can increase the performance of a heat exchanger by up to 40%.
  • the sorption solution absorbs water in countercurrent to the exhaust air and, via an end opposite the outlet opening 7, has the inlet opening 5
  • Outlet opening 9 led out of the channel 2.
  • the partition wall 3 also on the channel 1 side facing with an active
  • the inlet opening 10 is located opposite the inlet opening 6 for the supply air at the exit opening 11 for the supply air end having.
  • the water-rich sorption dissolves evenly in the layer 4 within the channel 1, so that it is uniformly soaked. While moving in countercurrent to the supply air, it releases some of its water to the supply air, which humidifies it. The necessary heat is extracted from the exhaust air.
  • the embodiment of Fig. 1 is also suitable for summer operation, i. suitable for cooling the supply air.
  • the cooler exhaust air flows through the inlet opening 5 into the channel 2 and through the outlet opening 7 out of this again.
  • the layer 4 on the side facing the channel 2 of the partition wall 3 is supplied via the inlet opening 8 water, which is discharged on the opposite side through the outlet opening 9 again.
  • the water thus moves opposite to the exhaust air through the channel 2, where it 4 uniformly soaks the layer.
  • a part of the water evaporates, whereby heat is removed and the partition wall 3 is cooled.
  • the cooling effect is amplified for the supply air in the channel 1 and increases the efficiency of the heat exchanger.
  • the warmer supply air flows through the inlet opening 6 into the channel 1 and out through the outlet opening 11, and the sorption solution is supplied through the inlet openings 10 of the layer 4 within the channel 1 to oppose by capillary action with uniform impregnation of the layer 4 opposite Flow of supply air to the outlet opening 12 towards move.
  • the contact of the supply air with the sorption solution removes moisture from the supply air by shifting the saturation line to lower relative humidities.
  • the resulting heat of condensation is released to the cooler exhaust air on the other side. This effect can be further enhanced by cooling the exhaust air adiabatically before entering the heat exchanger in a scrubber. Then the outlet temperature of the supply air can be further reduced to near the wet bulb temperature of the exhaust air.
  • Fig. 2 shows the air conditioner with the heat exchanger of Fig. 1 in summer mode, with only the air guide paths are shown.
  • the outside air enters the channel 1 of the heat exchanger and leaves it as cooled and dehumidified supply air to be transported by means of a fan 13 in a room to be conditioned 14.
  • Spent room air is withdrawn from the room 14 and conveyed via a humidifier 15 for adiabatic cooling by means of a fan 16 in the channel 2 of the heat exchanger to cause in this a cooling of the outside or supply air.
  • the humidifier 15 is not needed.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Central Air Conditioning (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil de climatisation contenant un échangeur de chaleur, dans lequel les voies d'écoulement (1, 2) pour l'air frais et pour l'air d'évacuation sont séparées par une paroi de séparation (3) thermoconductrice qui présente, des deux côtés, une surface hydrophile. Cette dernière est formée sur au moins un côté de la paroi de séparation par une couche active (4) guidant le liquide, à travers laquelle un liquide hygroscopique diffuse dans toutes les directions sous l'effet des forces de capillarité.
PCT/EP2011/001322 2010-03-12 2011-03-10 Appareil de climatisation et son procédé de fonctionnement WO2011110370A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010011707A DE102010011707A1 (de) 2010-03-12 2010-03-12 Klimagerät und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Klimageräts
DE102010011707.2 2010-03-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011110370A1 true WO2011110370A1 (fr) 2011-09-15

Family

ID=44168221

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2011/001322 WO2011110370A1 (fr) 2010-03-12 2011-03-10 Appareil de climatisation et son procédé de fonctionnement

Country Status (2)

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DE (1) DE102010011707A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011110370A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT518082B1 (de) * 2016-03-31 2017-07-15 Gerhard Kunze Dr Klimatisierung durch Mehrphasen-Plattenwärmetauscher

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19952639A1 (de) 1999-10-22 2001-05-10 Igema Verwaltungsgesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Luftkonditionierung
WO2005062831A2 (fr) * 2003-12-21 2005-07-14 Albers Walter F Systemes et procedes de transfert d'energie a microcycle
WO2006081872A1 (fr) * 2005-02-04 2006-08-10 Imes Management Ag Dispositif pour deshumidifier l'air ambiant
WO2010006968A1 (fr) * 2008-07-18 2010-01-21 Mentus Holding Ag Procédé et dispositif pour conditionner l’air à introduire dans un local à une température souhaitée et à une humidité souhaitée
DE102008034122A1 (de) 2008-07-18 2010-01-21 Herbst, Donald, Dipl.-Ing. Wärmetauscher, Verfahren zum Betreiben des Wärmetauschers und Verwendung des Wärmetauschers in einer Klimaanlage

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE333631B (fr) * 1969-07-17 1971-03-22 C Munters
US4582129A (en) * 1981-12-07 1986-04-15 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Heat exchanging system
WO2005090870A1 (fr) * 2004-03-17 2005-09-29 Idalex Technologies, Inc. Refroidissement indirect par evaporation d'un gaz au moyen d'un produit commun et d'un gaz de travail a contre-courant partiel
DE102008048238B4 (de) * 2008-09-16 2010-05-27 Herbst, Donald, Dipl.-Ing. Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Klimaanlage

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19952639A1 (de) 1999-10-22 2001-05-10 Igema Verwaltungsgesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Luftkonditionierung
WO2005062831A2 (fr) * 2003-12-21 2005-07-14 Albers Walter F Systemes et procedes de transfert d'energie a microcycle
WO2006081872A1 (fr) * 2005-02-04 2006-08-10 Imes Management Ag Dispositif pour deshumidifier l'air ambiant
WO2010006968A1 (fr) * 2008-07-18 2010-01-21 Mentus Holding Ag Procédé et dispositif pour conditionner l’air à introduire dans un local à une température souhaitée et à une humidité souhaitée
DE102008034122A1 (de) 2008-07-18 2010-01-21 Herbst, Donald, Dipl.-Ing. Wärmetauscher, Verfahren zum Betreiben des Wärmetauschers und Verwendung des Wärmetauschers in einer Klimaanlage

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Publication number Publication date
DE102010011707A1 (de) 2011-09-15

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