WO2011110035A1 - 一种真空绝热板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种真空绝热板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011110035A1
WO2011110035A1 PCT/CN2010/079306 CN2010079306W WO2011110035A1 WO 2011110035 A1 WO2011110035 A1 WO 2011110035A1 CN 2010079306 W CN2010079306 W CN 2010079306W WO 2011110035 A1 WO2011110035 A1 WO 2011110035A1
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Prior art keywords
core material
opening
vacuum insulation
hole
structural member
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PCT/CN2010/079306
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢振刚
蒲军文
洪国莹
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福建赛特新材股份有限公司
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Priority to DE212010000208U priority Critical patent/DE212010000208U1/de
Publication of WO2011110035A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011110035A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/06—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum
    • F16L59/065—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum using vacuum
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
    • E04B1/803—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped with vacuum spaces included in the slab
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/242—Slab shaped vacuum insulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/10—Insulation, e.g. vacuum or aerogel insulation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vacuum insulation panel and a preparation method thereof.
  • the vacuum insulation panel is composed of a surface high barrier packaging bag and a core material, a getter or an adsorbent.
  • the gas remaining in the adiabatic space is removed by increasing the internal vacuum, so that various heat transfer paths caused by the gas are eliminated to insulate heat conduction, thereby achieving the purpose of heat insulation and energy saving.
  • Vacuum insulation board is a new type of insulation material that integrates high efficiency and energy saving. It is an upgraded product of insulation materials. Compared with traditional insulating materials such as polyurethane foam, vacuum insulation panels do not use ODS materials in their production and application, and have low thermal conductivity, which has the advantages of environmental protection and energy saving. They are widely used in refrigerator freezers and refrigerated trucks. Low-temperature cryogenic fields such as containers and cold storage, and insulation in the home appliance industry.
  • the thickness of the vacuum insulation board can be reduced to half or less of the insulation material for the ordinary refrigerator, which not only increases the effective utilization space of the refrigerator, but also saves about 30% of electric energy.
  • the design and production of VIP has become more mature. Most refrigerator manufacturers at home and abroad are actively developing and applying VIP boards.
  • the main object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art vacuum insulation panel opening, and to provide a vacuum insulation panel with a hole on the board surface, which completely solves the problems of poor strength, wrinkles and breakage of the vacuum insulation panel after opening.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of preparing the above vacuum insulation panel.
  • a vacuum insulation panel comprising a high barrier packaging bag and a heat insulating core material, the heat insulating core material being placed in a vacuum sealed bag made of the high barrier packaging material, wherein the heat insulating core material is provided with a getter, Opening a hole in the surface of the vacuum insulation panel, and installing an opening structure member in the hole, the opening structure member is a tubular profile having high barrier property, and the aperture structure member is welded to the high barrier packaging bag or Bonded together to form the vacuum sealed chamber.
  • the high barrier packaging bag is an aluminum-plastic composite material composed of a plurality of layers of soft plastic film and aluminum foil; the getter is an irreversible getter.
  • the holes of the open-cell structural member may be circular, square, triangular or any other shape and size according to actual needs to meet the actual installation and application requirements.
  • the open-cell structural member is metal, glass, nylon, polyimide, polyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol or other high-barrier profiles.
  • the open-cell structural member is directly welded or bonded to the high-barrier packaging bag under a certain temperature and/or a certain pressure, or a welding material layer or a bonding material at a certain temperature and/or a certain pressure.
  • the layer is welded or bonded to the high barrier packaging bag.
  • the heat insulating core material is a single core material or a composite core material.
  • the single core material may be, for example, a phenolic foaming material, a polyurethane foaming material, a silica powder, a glass wool, an aluminum silicate or a rock wool, etc.;
  • the composite core material may be, for example, a hard phenolic or polyurethane foam powder or silica.
  • An insulating support composite composed of powder and inorganic fibers such as ultrafine glass wool or ultrafine rock wool.
  • the core material is manufactured by incorporating centrifugal cotton and/or mineral wool in ultrafine glass wool. Since the price of centrifugal cotton and mineral wool is relatively low compared to that of ultrafine glass wool, a single ultrafine glass wool is used in the prior art. Compared with the manufactured core material and the vacuum insulation panel, the production cost is significantly reduced, while still retaining the advantages of high strength and low thermal conductivity.
  • the apertured structural member has a wall thickness of 5-15 mm.
  • the above vacuum insulation panel may be welded or bonded at the time of manufacture.
  • the welding method includes the following steps:
  • Step one according to the thickness and the hole size of the required vacuum insulation plate, the hole structure member is made, and the hole of the hole structure member is filled with the filler;
  • Step 2 cutting the core material used according to the required size, opening a hole in the corresponding position of the core material according to the size of the opening structural member, and opening the groove for placing the getter at the edge of the intermediate layer near the sealing edge hole;
  • Step 3 placing the core material of the hole in the heat treatment furnace and heating, the maximum temperature is 120-160 ° C; when the temperature rises to the set value of 120-160 ° C, the temperature is kept for 5-10 min, and then the heat treatment furnace is turned on. The core material is taken out, and the core material is used after heat treatment;
  • Step 4 placing the open-cell structural member into the opening in the core material after the heat treatment, and inserting the laminated core material into the high-barrier packaging bag according to the thickness requirement, and loading the getter into the getter Slot.
  • Step 5 placing the high-barrier packaging bag with the opening structure member, the getter and the core material into a pre-set vacuum sealing machine for vacuuming and sealing, and finally opening the vacuum sealing machine to take out the vacuum insulation board;
  • Step 6 heat-welding the upper and lower surfaces of the open-hole structural member of the vacuum insulation panel obtained in step 5 with the high-barrier packaging bag, and cutting off the portion of the high-barrier packaging bag in the opening structural member, and taking out the opening structural member. Fill the filler to obtain a vacuum insulated panel with a hole in the panel.
  • the bonding method includes the following steps:
  • Step one according to the thickness and hole size of the required vacuum insulation board, the open structure member is made;
  • Step 2 cutting the core material used according to the required size, opening a hole in the corresponding position of the core material according to the size of the opening structural member, and opening the groove for placing the getter at the edge of the intermediate layer near the sealing edge hole;
  • Step 3 placing the core material of the hole in the heat treatment furnace and heating, the maximum temperature is 120-160 ° C; when the temperature rises to the set value of 120-160 ° C, the temperature is kept for 5-10 min, and then the heat treatment furnace is turned on. The core material is taken out, and the core material is used after heat treatment;
  • Step 4 placing the open-hole structural member into the opening in the core material after the heat treatment, and inserting the laminated core material into the high-barrier packaging bag according to the thickness requirement, and coating the upper and lower surfaces of the opening structural member.
  • Adhesive applying a certain pressure on the upper and lower surfaces of the high-barrier packaging bag and the perforated structural member to make it fully adhere and adhere, and cutting off the portion of the high-barrier packaging bag in the opening structural member, and then Loading the getter into the getter slot;
  • Step 5 Put the high-barrier packaging bag with the opening structure member, the getter and the core material into a pre-set vacuum sealing machine for vacuuming and sealing, and finally open the vacuum sealing machine to take out the vacuum insulation board. A vacuum insulation panel with a hole in the plate surface is obtained.
  • a vacuum insulation panel of the present invention and a method of manufacturing the same have the following beneficial effects:
  • the vacuum insulation panel manufactured by the invention has a flat appearance after opening, eliminates the occurrence of wrinkles, reduces the air permeability of the folds of the high barrier packaging bag, and prolongs the life of the vacuum insulation panel;
  • the vacuum insulation panel manufactured by the invention has high mechanical strength at the opening after opening the hole, and the vacuum insulation panel can be connected with other materials by using the rivet at the opening, so that the utilization of the vacuum insulation panel is more convenient and expanded. Its scope of use;
  • the manufacturing method of the vacuum insulation board of the invention is simple and flexible, and can open any shape and any size of holes in any position of the vacuum insulation board, and the high barrier packaging bag at the opening is reliable and easy to operate.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional structural view showing a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic top plan view of a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional structural view of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic top plan view of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective structural view of an apertured structural member according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective structural view of an apertured structural member according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • a vacuum insulation panel of the present invention comprises a high barrier packaging bag 10, a heat insulating core material 20 and an apertured structural member 40, and the heat insulating core material 20 is disposed in the high barrier packaging bag 10.
  • a getter 30 is disposed in the heat insulating core member 20.
  • the vacuum insulation panel comprises the following steps in preparation:
  • Step one taking a high-barrier profile of the same thickness according to the thickness and the hole size of the required open-hole vacuum insulation panel, the upper and lower surfaces of the high-barrier profile are compounded with a material that can be thermally melted with the high-barrier packaging bag 10;
  • the insulating plate needs to have a hole diameter for opening a hole, and the high-barrier profile is cut into a cylinder, the inner diameter is the aperture of the opening of the vacuum insulation board, the outer diameter is 10-30 mm longer than the inner diameter, and the open-hole structural member 40 is completed;
  • Step 2 selecting a laminated core material of a suitable thickness, cutting according to the length and width of the required vacuum insulation panel, and then digging the core material according to the outer diameter of the opening structural member 40 and the position of the required opening, and digging The core material is cut into the inner diameter of the opening structural member 40, and the opening of the opening structural member 40 is filled; the slot of the getter 30 is placed on the core material, and the slot is opened in the middle layer. On the core material, the position is closer to the sealing edge 11 , and the size of the slot is the outer dimension of the getter 30;
  • Step 3 placing the core material of the hole in the heat treatment furnace and heating, the maximum temperature is 120-160 ° C; when the temperature rises to the set value of 120-160 ° C, the temperature is kept for 5-10 min, and then the heat treatment furnace is turned on. The core material is taken out, and the core material is used after heat treatment;
  • Step 4 the open-hole structural member 40 is placed in the opening in the core material after the heat treatment, and the laminated core material is loaded into the high-barrier packaging bag 10 according to the thickness requirement, and the getter 30 is loaded. Getter slot.
  • Step 5 the high-barrier packaging bag 10 with the opening structure member 40, the getter 30 and the core material 20 is placed in a pre-set vacuum sealing machine for vacuuming and sealing, and finally the vacuum sealing machine is opened and taken out.
  • Vacuum insulation board
  • Step 6 heat-welding the upper and lower surfaces of the open-hole structural member 40 of the vacuum insulation panel obtained in the fifth step with the high-barrier packaging bag 10 to form a fusion layer 42 and the high-barrier packaging bag 10 in the aperture structure member 40. Partially cutting off, the core material filled in the opening structural member 40 is taken out, and a vacuum insulation plate with a hole in the plate surface is obtained.
  • the reason why the core material is filled in the opening of the open-hole structural member 40 in the second step is to avoid the occurrence of defects such as wrinkles on the surface of the high-barrier packaging bag 10 when the opening is depressed during the vacuuming in the fifth step.
  • a vacuum insulation panel of the present invention comprises a high barrier packaging bag 10, a heat insulating core material 20 and an opening structural member 40, and the heat insulating core material 20 is disposed in the high barrier packaging bag 10.
  • a getter 30 is disposed in the heat insulating core member 20.
  • the vacuum insulation panel comprises the following steps in preparation:
  • Step one according to the thickness of the vacuum insulation board with square holes, select the high-barrier profile of the same thickness, according to the size of the opening hole of the vacuum insulation board, cut the high-barrier profile into a frame, and the inner length is required for the vacuum insulation board.
  • the side length of the square hole is longer than the inner side by 10-30 mm, and the opening structure member 40 is completed;
  • Step 2 cutting the core material used according to the required size, opening a hole in the corresponding position of the core material according to the size of the opening structural member 40, and placing the getter at the middle layer core material near the sealing edge 11 Slot of 30;
  • Step 3 placing the core material of the hole in the heat treatment furnace and heating, the maximum temperature is 120-160 ° C; when the temperature rises to the set value of 120-160 ° C, the temperature is kept for 5-10 min, and then the heat treatment furnace is turned on. The core material is taken out, and the core material is used after heat treatment;
  • Step 4 the opening structural member 40 is placed in the opening in the core material after the heat treatment, and the laminated core material is placed in the high barrier packaging bag 10 according to the thickness requirement, and the opening structural member 40 is The lower surface is coated with an adhesive 42, and a certain pressure is applied to the upper and lower surfaces of the high barrier packaging bag 10 and the open-hole structural member 40 to be fully adhered and bonded, and the high barrier packaging bag 10 is in the open structure. Part of the piece 40 is cut off, and then the getter 30 is loaded into the getter slot;
  • Step 5 the high-barrier packaging bag 10 with the opening structure member 40, the getter 30 and the core material 20 is placed in a pre-set vacuum sealing machine for vacuuming and sealing, and finally the vacuum sealing machine is opened and taken out.
  • Vacuum insulation board to obtain a vacuum insulation board with a hole in the board surface.
  • the vacuum insulation board manufactured by the invention opens the hole, and the vacuum insulation board is connected with other materials by using the rivet at the opening; the vacuum insulation board of the invention has a higher mechanical strength at the opening after the opening of the vacuum insulation board.
  • the vacuum insulation panel is connected to other materials by means of rivet at the opening, which makes the use of the vacuum insulation panel more convenient and expands its use range.

Description

一种真空绝热板及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种真空绝热板及其制备方法。
背景技术
真空绝热板是由表面高阻隔包装袋和芯材、吸气剂或吸附剂构成。通过提高内部真空度将存留在绝热空间的气体清除掉，从而使得气体导致的各种传热途径被消除来隔绝热传导，达到保温隔热、节能的目的。
真空绝热板是一种新型的、集高效与节能于一体的保温材料，是保温材料的升级换代产品。相对于传统的聚氨酯泡沫等绝热材料，真空绝热板在其生产和应用过程中，不使用ODS物质，而且导热系数较低，具有环保和节能的双重优点，被广泛应用于冰箱冰柜、冷藏车、集装箱、冷库等低温深冷领域及家电行业的保温领域。
将真空绝热板用于冰箱保温层时，真空绝热板的厚度可减少为普通冰箱用保温材料的一半甚至更少，这不仅增大了冰箱的有效利用空间，又能节约电能30％左右,因而目前VIP的设计制作已经趋于成熟，国内外大多数的冰箱冷柜厂家都在积极的开发和应用VIP板。
近几年在德国和瑞士出现了建筑用真空绝热板，在德国和瑞士逐步建立了应用真空绝热板的建筑市场，迄今已经有数十项应用于建筑保温隔热的工程实例。据估算，在欧盟国家中，仅在旧建筑物节能改造和新建筑物的节能实施上使用真空绝热板一项，建筑物CO2的排放量就可降低8%。此外，真空绝热板的耗材也比一般保温材料要省，因而在建筑上发展应用真空绝热板，既能高效节能，又能节省大量的资源，这对推动建筑行业的集约化、环保化有着重要的意义。
无论是在何种领域应用真空绝热板，都有一定的限制性因素存在。在建筑墙体保温领域，需要保温材料和墙体固定，为了使真空绝热板在应用时不受机械创伤；在家电行业如热水器、冰箱、太阳能热水器保温等领域，需要对真空绝热板的某些位置开孔，用来在隔热板两侧安装引入引出流体管道、电源线、信号线等。传统真空绝热板存在加工孔洞困难、开孔后开孔处高阻隔包装材料易皱褶、强度差、易破损漏气等问题。因而如何制备板面带有一定规格孔的真空绝热板是亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于克服现有技术的真空绝热板开孔难的缺点，提出一种板面带孔的真空绝热板，彻底解决真空绝热板开孔后强度差、褶皱和易破损等问题。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种上述真空绝热板的制备方法。
本发明采用如下的技术方案：
一种真空绝热板，包括高阻隔包装袋和隔热芯材，该隔热芯材放置在该高阻隔包装材料所制成的真空密封袋内，该隔热芯材内设有吸气剂，在该真空绝热板的板面上开孔，在该孔内安装有开孔结构件，该开孔结构件为具有高阻隔性能管状型材，该开孔结构件与所述高阻隔包装袋熔接或粘接在一起，共同构成所述的真空密封腔。高阻隔包装袋为由多层软质塑料薄膜和铝箔复合而成的铝塑复合材料；吸气剂为不可逆转的吸气剂。开孔结构件的孔根据实际需要可以为圆形、方形、三角形或其它任何形状和尺寸的孔，以满足实际的安装和应用需求。
进一步地，所述开孔结构件为金属、玻璃、尼龙、聚酰亚胺、聚乙烯、聚乙烯醇或其它高阻隔型材。
进一步地，所述开孔结构件在一定温度和/或一定压力下直接与所述高阻隔包装袋熔接或粘接，或在一定温度和/或一定压力下由一熔接材料层或粘接材料层与该高阻隔包装袋熔接或粘接。
进一步地，所述隔热芯材为单一芯材或复合芯材。单一芯材比如可以是酚醛发泡材料、聚氨酯发泡材料、二氧化硅粉末、玻璃棉、硅酸铝或岩棉等；复合芯材比如可以是硬质酚醛或聚氨酯泡沫塑料粉末或二氧化硅粉末与超细玻璃棉或超细岩棉等无机纤维构成的隔热支撑复合材料。
优选地，所述复合芯材由如下重量配比的组分组成：超细玻璃棉：离心棉=100：1～50；或超细玻璃棉：矿物棉=100：1～60；或超细玻璃棉：离心棉：矿物棉=100：1～30：1～50。藉由在超细玻璃棉中掺入离心棉和/或矿物棉来制造芯材，由于离心棉和矿物棉的价格相对超细玻璃棉价格较低，与现有技术中采用单一超细玻璃棉制造的芯材及真空绝热板对比，生产成本显著降低，同时依然保留强度高、导热系数低的优点。
优选地，所述开孔结构件的壁厚为5-15mm。
上述真空绝热板在在制造时，可采用熔接法或粘接法。
熔接法，包括如下步骤：
步骤一，根据所需开孔真空绝热板的厚度和孔尺寸，制作好开孔结构件，并在开孔结构件的孔中充满填充物；
步骤二，将所使用的芯材按所需尺寸裁切，根据开孔结构件的尺寸在芯材相应位置上开孔，并在中间层芯材靠近封口边处开好放置吸气剂的槽孔；
步骤三，将开好孔的芯材置于热处理炉中并加温，最高温度为120-160℃；当温度升至设定的数值120-160℃后保温5-10min，然后打开热处理炉将芯材取出，得到热处理后芯材备用；
步骤四，将开孔结构件放入热处理后芯材上的开孔中，将芯材按照厚度要求将层叠的片状芯材装入高阻隔包装袋，并将吸气剂装入吸气剂槽孔。
步骤五，将放有开孔结构件、吸气剂和芯材的高阻隔包装袋放入到预先设置好的真空封口机中进行抽真空及封口，最后打开真空封口机，取出真空绝热板；
步骤六，将步骤五中所得真空绝热板的开孔结构件上、下表面与高阻隔包装袋进行热熔接，将高阻隔包装袋在开孔结构件内的部分切除，取出开孔结构件内填充的填充物，得到板面带孔的真空绝热板。
粘接法，包括如下步骤：
步骤一，根据所需开孔真空绝热板的厚度和孔尺寸，将开孔结构件制作好；
步骤二，将所使用的芯材按所需尺寸裁切，根据开孔结构件的尺寸在芯材相应位置上开孔，并在中间层芯材靠近封口边处开好放置吸气剂的槽孔；
步骤三，将开好孔的芯材置于热处理炉中并加温，最高温度为120-160℃；当温度升至设定的数值120-160℃后保温5-10min，然后打开热处理炉将芯材取出，得到热处理后芯材备用；
步骤四，将开孔结构件放入热处理后芯材上的开孔中，将芯材按照厚度要求将层叠的片状芯材装入高阻隔包装袋，将开孔结构件上、下表面涂上胶粘剂，在高阻隔包装袋与开孔结构件贴合的上、下表面施加一定的压力，使其充分贴合粘接，并将高阻隔包装袋在开孔结构件内的部分切除，再将吸气剂装入吸气剂槽孔；
步骤五，将放有开孔结构件、吸气剂和芯材的高阻隔包装袋放入到预先设置好的真空封口机中进行抽真空及封口，最后打开真空封口机，取出真空绝热板，得到板面带孔的真空绝热板。
由上述对发明的描述可知，本发明的一种真空绝热板及其制造方法具有如下有益效果：
一，本发明制造的真空绝热板开孔后外观平整，消除了褶皱的发生，降低了高阻隔包装袋的褶皱处透气量，延长了真空绝热板的寿命；
二，本发明制造的真空绝热板开孔后在开孔处机械强度较高，可以在开孔处利用铆固件将真空绝热板与其他材料连接安装，使得真空绝热板的利用更为便利，扩大其使用范围；
三，本发明真空绝热板的制造方法工艺简便、灵活，可以在真空绝热板的任何位置开任何形状、任何大小的孔洞，且开孔处高阻隔包装袋密封可靠，易于操作。
附图说明
图1为本发明具体实施方式一的剖视结构示意图；
图2为本发明具体实施方式一的俯视结构示意图；
图3为本发明具体实施方式二的剖视结构示意图；
图4为本发明具体实施方式二的俯视结构示意图；
图5为本发明具体实施方式一的开孔结构件的立体结构示意图；
图6为本发明具体实施方式二的开孔结构件的立体结构示意图。
具体实施方式
具体实施方式一
参照图1、图2和图5，本发明的一种真空绝热板，包括高阻隔包装袋10、隔热芯材20和开孔结构件40，隔热芯材20设置在高阻隔包装袋10和开孔结构件40所形成的真空密封腔内，隔热芯材20内设有吸气剂30。该真空绝热板在制备时，包括如下步骤：
步骤一，根据所需开孔真空绝热板的厚度和孔尺寸，取同样厚度的高阻隔型材，该高阻隔型材的上、下表面复合有可以与高阻隔包装袋10热熔的材料；根据真空绝热板需要开圆孔的孔径，将高阻隔型材切割成圆筒，内径为真空绝热板所需开孔的孔径，外径比内径长10-30mm，开孔结构件40制作完毕；
步骤二，选取适当厚度的层叠芯材，根据所需真空绝热板的长宽进行裁切，再根据开孔结构件40的外径和所需开孔的位置对芯材进行挖孔，用挖出的芯材裁切成开孔结构件40的内径的尺寸，对开孔结构件40的开孔进行填充；在芯材上开好放置吸气剂30的槽孔，槽孔开在中间层的芯材上，位置距封口边11较近的位置，槽孔的尺寸即是吸气剂30的外尺寸；
步骤三，将开好孔的芯材置于热处理炉中并加温，最高温度为120-160℃；当温度升至设定的数值120-160℃后保温5-10min，然后打开热处理炉将芯材取出，得到热处理后芯材备用；
步骤四，将开孔结构件40放入热处理后芯材上的开孔中，将芯材按照厚度要求将层叠的片状芯材装入高阻隔包装袋10，并将吸气剂30装入吸气剂槽孔。
步骤五，将放有开孔结构件40、吸气剂30和芯材20的高阻隔包装袋10放入到预先设置好的真空封口机中进行抽真空及封口，最后打开真空封口机，取出真空绝热板；
步骤六，将步骤五中所得真空绝热板的开孔结构件40上、下表面与高阻隔包装袋10进行热熔接，形成熔接层42，将高阻隔包装袋10在开孔结构件40内的部分切除，取出开孔结构件40内填充的芯材，得到板面带孔的真空绝热板。
上述制备方法中，之所以在步骤二中对开孔结构件40的开孔填充芯材，是为了避免在步骤五抽真空时开孔处凹陷使高阻隔包装袋10表面褶皱等不良状况发生。
具体实施方式二
参照图3、图4和图6，本发明的一种真空绝热板，包括高阻隔包装袋10、隔热芯材20和开孔结构件40，隔热芯材20设置在高阻隔包装袋10和开孔结构件40所形成的真空密封腔内，隔热芯材20内设有吸气剂30。该真空绝热板在制备时，包括如下步骤：
步骤一，根据需要带方孔真空绝热板的厚度，选取同样厚度的高阻隔型材，根据真空绝热板需要开方孔的尺寸，将高阻隔型材切割成框架，内边长为真空绝热板所需开方孔的边长，外边长比内边长长10-30mm，开孔结构件40制作完毕；
步骤二，将所使用的芯材按所需尺寸裁切，根据开孔结构件40的尺寸在芯材相应位置上开孔，并在中间层芯材靠近封口边11处开好放置吸气剂30的槽孔；
步骤三，将开好孔的芯材置于热处理炉中并加温，最高温度为120-160℃；当温度升至设定的数值120-160℃后保温5-10min，然后打开热处理炉将芯材取出，得到热处理后芯材备用；
步骤四，将开孔结构件40放入热处理后芯材上的开孔中，将芯材按照厚度要求将层叠的片状芯材装入高阻隔包装袋10，将开孔结构件40上、下表面涂上胶粘剂42，在高阻隔包装袋10与开孔结构件40贴合的上、下表面施加一定的压力，使其充分贴合粘接，并将高阻隔包装袋10在开孔结构件40内的部分切除，再将吸气剂30装入吸气剂槽孔；
步骤五，将放有开孔结构件40、吸气剂30和芯材20的高阻隔包装袋10放入到预先设置好的真空封口机中进行抽真空及封口，最后打开真空封口机，取出真空绝热板，得到板面带孔的真空绝热板。
上述仅为本发明的两个具体实施方式，但本发明的设计构思并不局限于此，凡利用此构思对本发明进行非实质性的改动，均应属于侵犯本发明保护范围的行为。
工业实用性
本发明制造的真空绝热板开孔，在开孔处利用铆固件将真空绝热板与其他材料连接安装;本发明的真空绝热板开孔后在开孔处为一型材件机械强度较高，可以在开孔处利用铆固件将真空绝热板与其他材料连接安装，使得真空绝热板的利用更为便利，扩大其使用范围。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种真空绝热板，包括高阻隔包装袋和隔热芯材，该隔热芯材放置在该高阻隔包装材料所制成的真空密封袋内，该隔热芯材内设有吸气剂，其特征在于：在该真空绝热板的板面上开孔，在该孔内安装有开孔结构件，该开孔结构件为具有高阻隔性能管状型材，该开孔结构件与所述高阻隔包装袋熔接或粘接在一起，共同构成所述的真空密封腔。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种真空绝热板，其特征在于：所述开孔结构件为金属、玻璃、尼龙、聚酰亚胺、聚乙烯、聚乙烯醇或其它高阻隔型材。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种真空绝热板，其特征在于：所述开孔结构件直接与所述高阻隔包装袋熔接或粘接，或由一熔接材料层或粘接材料层与该高阻隔包装袋熔接或粘接。
  4. 如权利要求1或2或3所述的一种真空绝热板，其特征在于：所述隔热芯材为单一芯材或复合芯材。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种真空绝热板，其特征在于：所述复合芯材由如下重量配比的组分组成：
    超细玻璃棉：离心棉=100：1～50；或
    超细玻璃棉：矿物棉=100：1～60；或
    超细玻璃棉：离心棉：矿物棉=100：1～30：1～50。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的一种真空绝热板，其特征在于：所述开孔结构件的壁厚为5-15mm。
  7. 一种真空绝热板的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
    步骤一，根据所需开孔真空绝热板的厚度和孔尺寸，制作好开孔结构件，并在该开孔结构件的孔中充满填充物；
    步骤二，将所使用的芯材按所需尺寸裁切，根据开孔结构件的尺寸在芯材相应位置上开孔，并在中间层芯材靠近封口边处开好放置吸气剂的槽孔；
    步骤三，将开好孔的芯材置于热处理炉中并加温，最高温度为120-160℃；当温度升至设定的数值120-160℃后保温5-10min，然后打开热处理炉将芯材取出，得到热处理后芯材备用；
    步骤四，将开孔结构件放入热处理后芯材上的开孔中，将芯材按照厚度要求将层叠的片状芯材装入高阻隔包装袋，并将吸气剂装入吸气剂槽孔。
    步骤五，将放有开孔结构件、吸气剂和芯材的高阻隔包装袋放入到预先设置好的真空封口机中进行抽真空及封口，最后打开真空封口机，取出真空绝热板；
    步骤六，将步骤五中所得真空绝热板的开孔结构件上、下表面与高阻隔包装袋进行热熔接，将高阻隔包装袋在开孔结构件内的部分切除，取出开孔结构件内填充的填充物，得到板面带孔的真空绝热板。
  8. 一种真空绝热板的制造方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
    步骤一，根据所需开孔真空绝热板的厚度和孔尺寸，将开孔结构件制作好；
    步骤二，将所使用的芯材按所需尺寸裁切，根据开孔结构件的尺寸在芯材相应位置上开孔，并在中间层芯材靠近封口边处开好放置吸气剂的槽孔；
    步骤三，将开好孔的芯材置于热处理炉中并加温，最高温度为120-160℃；当温度升至设定的数值120-160℃后保温5-10min，然后打开热处理炉将芯材取出，得到热处理后芯材备用；
    步骤四，将开孔结构件放入热处理后芯材上的开孔中，将芯材按照厚度要求将层叠的片状芯材装入高阻隔包装袋，将开孔结构件上、下表面涂上胶粘剂，在高阻隔包装袋与开孔结构件贴合的上、下表面施加一定的压力，使其充分贴合粘接，并将高阻隔包装袋在开孔结构件内的部分切除，再将吸气剂装入吸气剂槽孔；
    步骤五，将放有开孔结构件、吸气剂和芯材的高阻隔包装袋放入到预先设置好的真空封口机中进行抽真空及封口，最后打开真空封口机，取出真空绝热板，得到板面带孔的真空绝热板。
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