WO2011101964A1 - 地熱発電装置及び地熱発電における超高圧熱水の利用方法 - Google Patents
地熱発電装置及び地熱発電における超高圧熱水の利用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011101964A1 WO2011101964A1 PCT/JP2010/052412 JP2010052412W WO2011101964A1 WO 2011101964 A1 WO2011101964 A1 WO 2011101964A1 JP 2010052412 W JP2010052412 W JP 2010052412W WO 2011101964 A1 WO2011101964 A1 WO 2011101964A1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
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- the present invention relates to a geothermal power generation apparatus, and more particularly to a suitable geothermal power generation apparatus using high-pressure geothermal hot water exceeding 7 MPa.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a conventional geothermal power generation apparatus.
- the gas-liquid mixed water ejected from the hot water layer 102 existing in the ground by the production well 4 is sent to the separator 13.
- the separator 13 separates the gas-liquid mixed water sent from the production well 4 into steam and water, the steam is sent to the turbine generator 14, and the water is sent to the pit 19.
- the turbine generator 14 includes a steam turbine 41 and a generator 42, and a rotor (not shown) of the steam turbine 41 is rotated by the steam, and the rotor is connected to the rotor via a speed reducer by the rotation of the rotor.
- the machine 42 operates.
- the steam which has become a low temperature and a low pressure by rotating the rotor of the steam turbine 41, is cooled by being led to the condenser 16 to be cooled.
- the water is sent to the pit 19 by the pump 18.
- the water sent from the separator 13 or the pump 18 and stored in the pit 19 is pressurized to a higher pressure than that in the hot water layer 102 by the reduction pump 24 and is reduced to the hot water layer 102 through the reduction well 6.
- the pressure of ground water in the hot water layer 102 used in the general geothermal power generation apparatus 1 as shown in FIG. 7 is usually around 1 MPa.
- Such a groundwater source of groundwater having a general pressure of about 1 MPa passes through a magma-derived heat source from a direction in which the groundwater is present and flows in a direction in which the pressure is low.
- hot water erupts on the ground, which is a so-called natural hot spring source.
- boring is conducted from the ground toward the underground hot water source, and the hot water is guided to the ground and used as power generation energy.
- a normal underground hot water source can be regarded as a system that is open at any place.
- the water source may be a completely sealed independent water source.
- the temperature of the rock 56 in the vicinity of the aquifer is much higher than the temperature of the rock near the ground.
- the groundwater existing in the aquifer 55 is heated by a high-temperature rock body 56 in a sealed state, and is confined in the ground at a higher temperature and pressure than groundwater used for general geothermal power generation.
- the groundwater confined underground in such a high temperature and high pressure state is also referred to as fossil seawater.
- the pressure of the fossil seawater varies depending on the location, but the pressure reaches 35 MPa and the temperature reaches about 250 ° C.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 a part of the liquid discharged from a pump is recovered, and the recovery is performed by a power recovery turbine provided in a flow path of the recovered liquid.
- a technique for recovering the power of the liquid and using the recovered power as part of the energy for driving the pump is disclosed.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 both recover the power of the recovered liquid.
- the recovered liquid that is, used for power generation, is reduced to the underground. Since the water to be generated must be increased to a pressure equal to or higher than groundwater, there is no room for power recovery, and it is difficult to apply the techniques disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 as they are to the geothermal power generation apparatus.
- the present invention can use ultra-high pressure groundwater like fossil seawater, and is a general-purpose pump as a reduction pump for returning the water after being used for power generation to the underground It is an object of the present invention to provide a geothermal power generation apparatus that uses ultrahigh-pressure hot water that can be used, and a method for using ultrahigh-pressure hot water in geothermal power generation.
- a production well that extracts geothermal hot water from the ground, and a power generation facility that drives the turbine using the thermal energy of the geothermal hot water and recovers it as electric energy
- the geothermal power generation apparatus having a reduction pump for boosting the geothermal hot water from which the thermal energy has been extracted and a reduction well for returning the geothermal hot water boosted by the reduction pump to the ground, the geothermal hot water is about 7 MPa.
- a high-pressure geothermal hot water exceeding the production well is provided on the geothermal hot water flow path from the production well to the power generation facility, and a power recovery turbine for recovering and depressurizing the energy of the geothermal hot water is provided, and the power recovery turbine
- the geothermal hot water is depressurized to about 7 MPa or less, and the energy recovered by the power recovery turbine is used as part of the driving power of the reduction pump. It is characterized in.
- the geothermal hot water has a high pressure of about 35 MPa, such as fossil seawater
- a part of the energy of the geothermal hot water is recovered by the power recovery turbine to reduce the pressure to about 7 MPa. Is done. Therefore, the flow path from the power recovery turbine ⁇ the power generation facility ⁇ the reduction pump can be designed with a withstand pressure equal to or lower than the reduced pressure, and the material of the facility can be suppressed at a low cost.
- the inlet pressure of the reduction pump can be kept low, and the design of the inlet pressure of the reduction pump can be kept low. Can do. Since most of the general-purpose pumps generally used have an inlet pressure of 7 MPa or less, the general-purpose pump can be used as a reduction pump by reducing the geothermal hot water to 7 MPa or less with a power recovery turbine. .
- the energy recovered by the power recovery turbine is used as part of the driving power of the reduction pump, the energy of the geothermal hot water can be used without waste.
- a motor driven by electric energy mechanically connecting the rotating shaft of the motor and the rotating shaft of the reduction pump, and mechanically connecting the rotating shaft of the motor and the rotating shaft of the power recovery turbine; It is better to connect them.
- the energy recovered by the power recovery turbine can be used as a part of the driving power of the reduction pump with a simple configuration.
- the mechanical loss and the pressure loss of the geothermal hot water only the energy recovered by the power recovery turbine is insufficient as driving power for the reduction pump, so electric energy is externally applied to drive the motor. Make up for the shortfall.
- a pressure gauge is provided on the discharge side of the reduction pump, and a detected value of the pressure gauge is taken into an electric motor control unit that controls driving of the electric motor, and the detected value of the pressure gauge is
- the drive of the electric motor may be controlled so as to be higher than a predetermined pressure set higher than the pressure of geothermal hot water taken out from the ground.
- a pressure gauge is provided on the discharge side of the power recovery turbine, and a detected value of the pressure gauge is taken into a generator control means for controlling the driving of the generator, and the generator control means is connected to the pressure gauge.
- the drive of the generator may be controlled so that the detected value is higher than a predetermined pressure set in advance.
- geothermal hot water in the ground is taken out from the production well, and the turbine is driven using the thermal energy possessed by the geothermal hot water to be recovered as electric energy, and the thermal energy
- the geothermal hot water is decompressed to about 7 MPa or less by a power recovery turbine provided on the geothermal hot water flow path taken out from the well, and the energy of the decompressed geothermal hot water is used for driving the turbine, and the power The energy recovered by the recovery turbine is used as a part of the power for boosting.
- ultra-high pressure groundwater such as fossil seawater
- a general-purpose pump as a reduction pump for returning water after being used for power generation to the underground. It is possible to provide a geothermal power generation apparatus that uses high-pressure hot water and a method for using ultrahigh-pressure hot water in geothermal power generation.
- FIG. 1 It is a block diagram which shows the geothermal power generator which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 1 In the geothermal power generation apparatus according to Embodiment 1, it is a block diagram showing the vicinity of a reduction pump when a spare machine is provided in the reduction pump. It is a block diagram which shows the geothermal power generation apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2.
- FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the geothermal power generation apparatus which concerns on the comparative example 1.
- FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the geothermal power generation apparatus which concerns on the comparative example 2.
- FIG. It is the schematic of the stratum which fossil seawater is made. It is a block diagram which shows the conventional geothermal power generator.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a geothermal power generation apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- reference numeral 2 denotes an ultra-high pressure high temperature aquifer, which is an aquifer of fossil seawater whose water pressure exceeds 7 MPa and is about 35 MPa.
- FIG. 1 Two wells are provided from the ground to the ultra high pressure high temperature aquifer 2.
- One of the wells is a production well 4, and the production well 4 is a well provided for taking out groundwater (fossil seawater) in the ultrahigh-pressure and high-temperature aquifer 2.
- the other well is a reduction well 6, which is provided to return fossil seawater heat-exchanged by a heat exchanger 10 constituting a power generation facility 8 to be described later to the ultra-high pressure / high temperature aquifer 2.
- the production well 4 and the reduction well 6 are connected to the heat exchanger 10 via the flow path 5 and the flow path 7, respectively.
- a power recovery turbine 22 is provided on the flow path 5 from the production well 4 to the heat exchanger 10.
- the power recovery turbine 22 is driven by fossil seawater guided from the production well 4 to the heat exchanger 10. It tries to recover energy.
- the fossil seawater In order to return the fossil seawater heat-exchanged by the heat exchanger 10 to the ultrahigh-pressure high-temperature aquifer 2 on the flow path 7 extending from the heat exchanger 10 to the reduction well 6, the fossil seawater is supplied to the ultrahigh-pressure high-temperature aquifer
- a reduction pump 24 is provided for increasing the pressure to a pressure higher than the water pressure in the layer 2.
- the rotation shaft of the reduction pump 24 and the rotation shaft of the electric motor 26 that can drive the reduction pump 24 are mechanically connected on the same axis. Further, the rotating shaft of the electric motor 26 and the shaft of the power recovery turbine 22 are mechanically coupled on the same axis. That is, the rotating shaft of the reduction pump 24 and the rotating shaft of the power recovery turbine 22 are mechanically connected via the rotating shaft of the electric motor 26.
- a pressure gauge 28 is provided on the flow path from the heat exchanger 10 to the reduction well 6 and downstream of the reduction pump 24, and a detected value by the pressure gauge 28 is a controller that controls driving of the electric motor 26. 29 is taken in.
- the turbine generator 14 is a power generation facility, which is called a binary system. This is to drive the turbine generator 14 using a heat medium exchanging heat in the high-temperature and high-pressure groundwater guided from the flow path 5 and the heat exchanger 10, and is a secondary side of the heat exchanger (described above) Because the groundwater (fossil seawater) does not flow into the heat medium side), it can be operated in a clean state, and there is no phase change process on the primary side of the heat exchanger (the groundwater (fossil seawater) side). It can be used without waste.
- a binary system This is to drive the turbine generator 14 using a heat medium exchanging heat in the high-temperature and high-pressure groundwater guided from the flow path 5 and the heat exchanger 10, and is a secondary side of the heat exchanger (described above) Because the groundwater (fossil seawater) does not flow into the heat medium side), it can be operated in a clean state, and there is no phase change process on the primary side of the heat exchange
- the power generation facility 8 includes a heat exchanger 10, a flasher 12 that generates steam by rapidly lowering the pressure of the heat medium heated by heat exchange in the heat exchanger 10 to a saturation pressure or less, and steam generated by the flasher.
- a turbine generator 14 including a turbine 41 and a generator 42; a condenser 16 that cools the heat medium used in the turbine generator 14 back to a liquid; a condenser 16 and a flasher 12 are provided with pumps 18 and 20 for feeding the liquid heat medium generated at 12 to the heat exchanger, respectively.
- FIG. 1 fossil seawater of about 35 MPa, 250 ° C., high-temperature and high-pressure gas-liquid mixture ejected from the ultrahigh-pressure and high-temperature aquifer 2 existing deep in the ground by the production well 4 is guided to the power recovery turbine 22.
- the fossil seawater is recovered by the power recovery turbine 22 and depressurized to about 7 MPa.
- the fossil seawater recovered by the power recovery turbine 22 and depressurized to about 7 MPa is guided to the heat exchanger 10 constituting the power generation facility 8 through the flow path 5 and cooled by exchanging heat with a heat medium to be described later.
- the fossil seawater is cooled to a temperature at which the hardness in the fossil seawater does not precipitate by heat exchange in the heat exchanger 10, and becomes about 140 to 150 ° C. It should be noted that the safe temperature at which the hardness component does not precipitate must be finally determined by analyzing the components of each well.
- the fossil seawater that has exited the heat exchanger 10 is pressurized to a higher pressure than that in the ultrahigh-pressure and high-temperature aquifer 2 by the reduction pump 24 and returned to the ultrahigh-pressure and high-temperature aquifer 2.
- the power recovered by the power recovery turbine 22 is transmitted to the reduction pump 24, and the mechanical loss between the power recovery turbine 22 and the reduction pump 24 and the fossil seawater are converted into the power recovery turbine 22 ⁇ heat exchanger.
- the pressure loss from 10 to the reduction pump 24 is driven by being supplemented by the electric motor 26 to boost the fossil seawater to a higher pressure than in the ultrahigh-pressure high-temperature aquifer 2.
- the output of the electric motor 26 is adjusted by the controller 29 so that the pressure of the pressure gauge 28 provided on the outlet side of the reduction pump 24 becomes a reference pressure higher than that in the preset ultrahigh pressure / high temperature aquifer 2. Control.
- the heat medium heated by exchanging heat with the fossil seawater in the heat exchanger 10 is rapidly reduced in pressure by the flasher 12 to a saturation pressure or less to generate steam.
- the steam generated by the flasher drives the turbine 41 by the turbine generator 14, and the generator 42 generates power by driving the turbine 41.
- the heat medium used in the turbine generator 14 is cooled by the condenser 16 and returned to the liquid, and the liquid heat medium generated in the condenser 16 and the flasher 12 is again returned to the heat exchanger 10 by the pumps 18 and 20, respectively. Sent to.
- the ultra-high pressure fossil seawater of about 35 MPa ejected from the production well 4 is decompressed to about 7 MPa by being recovered by the power recovery turbine 22. Therefore, the flow paths 5 and 7 extending from the power recovery turbine 22 to the heat exchanger 10 to the reduction pump 24 can be designed with a pressure much lower than the outlet of the production well 4, and the equipment materials and the like can be kept low. be able to.
- the ultrahigh pressure fossil seawater of about 35 MPa is decompressed by being recovered by the power recovery turbine 22.
- power recovery is performed in the power recovery turbine 22 so that the pressure of the fossil seawater is reduced to about 7 MPa.
- the power recovery turbine 22 is not limited thereto.
- the inlet pressure of the reduction pump 24 can be kept low, and the design of the inlet pressure of the reduction pump 24 can be kept low. Since most of the general-purpose pumps have an inlet pressure of 7 MPa or less, the power recovery turbine 22 performs power recovery so that the fossil seawater is depressurized to 7 MPa or less, and the reduction pump 24 uses a general-purpose pump. It is possible to reduce the cost related to the reduction pump 24.
- the power recovered by the power recovery turbine 22 is used as driving power for the reduction pump 24, the energy of the fossil seawater can be used without waste.
- the power recovery turbine 22, the electric motor 26, and the reduction pump 24 are connected on the same axis.
- the rotational speed and the speed between the power recovery turbine 22 and the electric motor 26 and between the reduction pump 24 and the electric motor 26 are different.
- an increase / decrease device and a clutch can be interposed.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the periphery of the reduction pump 24 when a spare machine is provided in the reduction pump 24 in the geothermal power generation apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- a power recovery turbine 22b having the same capability as that of the power recovery turbine 22 is provided in parallel with the power recovery turbine 22, and a reduction pump 24b having a capability of the same level as that of the reduction pump 24 is provided in parallel with the reduction pump 24.
- the reduction pump 24b and the reduction pump 24b are mechanically connected via an electric motor 26b. In this way, it is possible to provide a spare machine with the power recovery turbine and the reduction pump as a set.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a geothermal power generation apparatus according to the second embodiment. 3, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same actions and effects, and the description thereof is omitted.
- a power generator 27 is mechanically connected to the power recovery turbine 22 directly or via a clutch or an increase / decrease gear, and the power recovery turbine 22 generates energy by depressurizing fossil seawater. It is recovered as energy. The energy recovered by the generator is used as electric power for driving the reduction pump 24.
- a pressure gauge 30 is provided at the outlet of the power recovery turbine, and the electric energy recovered by the generator 27 is controlled by the controller 32 so that the detected value of the pressure gauge 30 becomes constant.
- the pressure on the outlet side of the power recovery turbine 22 is kept constant, and the inlet pressure of the reduction pump 24 can be kept constant accordingly. If the reduction pump 24 is driven at a constant speed, the outlet of the reduction pump 24 is maintained. The pressure can also be kept constant.
- the reduction pump 24 is supplied with the electrical energy recovered by the generator 27, and the mechanical loss between the power recovery turbine 22 and the reduction pump 24 and the fossil seawater are converted into the power recovery turbine 22 ⁇ the heat exchanger 10.
- the pressure loss between the reduction pump 24 is supplemented and driven by power supply means 36 such as an electric motor provided separately, and the fossil seawater is boosted to a higher pressure than in the ultrahigh-pressure high-temperature aquifer 2.
- the controller 38 controls the power supply means 36 so that the pressure of the pressure gauge 40 provided on the outlet side of the reduction pump 24 becomes higher than the preset reference pressure in the ultrahigh-pressure high-temperature aquifer 2. Control the output.
- the control by the controller 32 or the control by the controller 38 can be used as shown in FIG. 3, but either one or both can be omitted.
- the inlet pressure of the reduction pump 24 can be kept low, and the design of the inlet pressure of the reduction pump 24 can be kept low. Further, since the power recovered by the power recovery turbine 22 is used as driving power for the reduction pump 24, the energy of the fossil seawater can be used without waste.
- the power recovery turbine 22 and the reduction pump 24 are mechanically independent systems, there are no restrictions on arrangement. Furthermore, since a part of the energy of the fossil seawater is recovered as electric energy by the power recovery turbine, it is possible to add a spare unit 25 with only a reduction pump, and the stability of the entire geothermal power generator 1 can be easily achieved at low cost. Operation becomes possible.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a geothermal power generation apparatus according to Comparative Example 1. 4, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 7 indicate the same actions and effects, and the description thereof is omitted.
- a pressure reducing valve 34 is provided on the flow path from the production well 4 to the separator 13, and fossil seawater in the ultrahigh pressure / high temperature aquifer 2 is used.
- a separator having a pressure resistance design similar to the conventional one can be used.
- the energy of fossil seawater cannot fully be utilized by pressure reduction.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a geothermal power generation apparatus according to Comparative Example 2. 5, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 3 indicate the same actions and effects, and the description thereof is omitted.
- the binary power generation device 8 is applied.
- very high pressure fossil seawater which is obtained by reducing the pressure loss in the piping and heat exchanger from about 35 MPa ejected from the production well, flows into the reduction pump 24.
- the inlet of the reduction pump 24 exceeds 7 MPa, which is the limit of the inlet pressure of a general-purpose pump that is generally used, and the general-purpose pump cannot be used as the reduction pump 24.
- ultra-high pressure groundwater like fossil seawater
- ultra-high pressure hot water that can use a general-purpose pump as a reduction pump to return the water after power generation to the underground It can be used as a geothermal power generation apparatus and a method for using ultra-high pressure hot water in geothermal power generation.
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Abstract
Description
再生可能エネルギーの利用形態の1つとして、地熱を用いて発電を行う地熱発電が知られている。
図7は、従来の地熱発電装置を示すブロック図である。
図7に示した地熱発電装置1において、生産井4により地中に存在する熱水層102から噴出させた気液混合水をセパレータ13に送り込む。セパレータ13は、生産井4から送り込まれた前記気液混合水を蒸気と水とに分離し、前記蒸気はタービン発電機14に送られ、前記水はピット19に送られる。
このような1MPa前後の一般的な圧力の地下水の地下熱水源は、地下水がある方向からマグマ由来の熱源を通過し圧力の低い方向に流れていく。その過程において地盤の軟弱な箇所があると熱水が地上に噴出し、これがいわゆる天然温泉源となっている。図7に示したような地熱発電装置による地熱発電では、地上より前記地下熱水源を目指してボーリングし、熱水を地上に導き発電用エネルギーとして利用している。つまり、通常の地下熱水源は大きく捉えると何れかの場所において開放されている系と捉えることができる。
しかしながら、図7に示した従来の地熱発電装置においては、還元ポンプ24によってピット19に貯留された水を熱水層102の圧力よりも高い圧力まで昇圧する必要がある。図7に示した従来の地熱発電装置について前記化石海水を使用する場合には、還元ポンプ24によって35MPa程度にも達する化石海水の圧力よりも高い圧力までピット19に貯留された水を昇圧しなければならない。そのため、還元ポンプ24の能力を非常に大きなものとする必要があり、還元ポンプ24の製作コスト、設置場所等を勘案すると現実的ではない。
これにより、簡単な構成で、前記動力回収タービンで回収したエネルギーを還元ポンプの駆動動力の一部として使用することができる。なお、機械ロス、前記地熱熱水の圧損分を考慮すると、前記動力回収タービンで回収したエネルギーのみでは、還元ポンプの駆動動力として不足するため、外部から電気エネルギーを与えて前記電動機を駆動させて不足分を補う。
これにより、還元ポンプの吐出側を、前記地熱熱水の圧力よりも高圧の状態を確実に保つことができる。
これにより、動力回収タービンと還元ポンプは機械的に夫々独立した系であるため、配置上の制約が無くなる。さらに、動力回収タービンで前記地熱熱水の持つエネルギーの一部を電気エネルギーとして回収するため、還元ポンプのみの予備機増設も可能であり、低コストでしかも容易に、地熱発電装置全体の安定操業が可能となる。
これにより、動力回収タービンの吐出側を所定圧力以上に確実に制御することができ、それに伴い還元ポンプの吐出側を、前記地熱熱水の圧力よりも高圧の状態を確実に保つことができる。
図1は、実施形態1に係る地熱発電装置を示すブロック図である。
図1において、2は超高圧高温帯水層であり、その水圧が7MPaを超え、約35MPaである化石海水の帯水層である。
地上から、超高圧高温帯水層2に至る井戸が2本設けられている。前記井戸のうち1本は生産井4であって、生産井4は超高圧高温帯水層2中の地下水(化石海水)を取り出すために設けられた井戸である。前記井戸のもう1本は還元井6であって、還元井6は後述する発電設備8を構成する熱交換器10で熱交換された化石海水を超高圧高温帯水層2に戻すために設けられた井戸である。生産井4及び還元井6は、それぞれ流路5及び流路7を介して熱交換器10と接続されている。
熱交換器10から還元井6に至る流路7上には、熱交換器10で熱交換された化石海水を超高圧高温帯水層2に戻すために、該化石海水を超高圧高温帯水層2内の水圧よりも高い圧力まで昇圧する還元ポンプ24が設けられている。
図1において、生産井4により地中深くに存在する超高圧高温帯水層2から噴出された約35MPa、250℃の高温高圧の気液混合の化石海水は、動力回収タービン22に導かれる。
該化石海水は、動力回収タービン22でその動力を回収され、約7MPaまで減圧される。
なお、前記熱媒体としては、水を使用することが好ましい。入手が容易であり、該熱媒体と熱交換する前記化石海水は250℃程度の高温であるため、常圧における沸点が100℃である水でも充分に気化するためである。
動力回収タービン22と並列に動力回収タービン22と同程度の能力を有する動力回収タービン22bを設けるとともに、還元ポンプ24と並列に還元ポンプ24と同程度の能力を有する還元ポンプ24bを設け、タービン22bと還元ポンプ24bとをタービン22と還元ポンプ24と同様に、電動機26bを介して機械的に連結している。
このようにして、動力回収タービンと還元ポンプを一組として、予備機を設けることが可能である。
図3は、実施形態2に係る地熱発電装置を示すブロック図である。
図3において、図1と同一の符号は同一の作用・効果を示すものであり、その説明を省略する。
そして、発電機で回収したエネルギーは還元ポンプ24の駆動用の電力として使用する。
なお、コントローラ32による制御又はコントローラ38による制御は、図3に示したように両方使用することもできるが、何れか一方、若しくは両方を省略することもできる。
図4は、比較例1に係る地熱発電装置を示すブロック図である。
図4において、図1及び図7と同一符号は同一の作用・効果を示すものであり、その説明を省略する。
これにより、超高圧の化石海水が減圧されてからセパレータ13に導入されるため、セパレータは従来同様の耐圧設計のものを使用することができる。しかし、そのためには化石海水を大気圧近くまで減圧弁34で減圧する必要があり、化石海水中に溶け込んでいる鉱物分が減圧弁34からセパレータ13に至る配管中で析出する可能性がある。また、減圧により化石海水のエネルギーを充分に利用できない。また、還元ポンプ24によって大気圧近くから超高圧高温帯水層2内よりも高い圧力まで昇圧する必要があり、還元ポンプ24に非常に高い能力が必要であり現実的ではない。
図5は、比較例2に係る地熱発電装置を示すブロック図である。
図5において、図1及び図3と同一符号は同一の作用・効果を示すものであり、その説明を省略する。
この場合、還元ポンプ24には、生産井から噴出した約35MPaから配管、熱交換器での圧損分を減じただけの非常に高圧の化石海水が流入する。
そのため、還元ポンプ24の入口では、一般的に用いられる汎用ポンプの入口圧力の限界である7MPaを超え、還元ポンプ24として汎用ポンプを使用することができない。
Claims (6)
- 地中から地熱熱水を取り出す生産井と、該地熱熱水の持つ熱エネルギーを用いてタービンを駆動して電気エネルギーとして回収する発電設備と、前記熱エネルギーを取り出された地熱熱水を昇圧する還元ポンプと、該還元ポンプによって昇圧された地熱熱水を地中に戻す還元井とを有する地熱発電装置において、
前記地熱熱水が略7MPaを超える高圧の地熱熱水であって、
前記生産井から前記発電設備に至る地熱熱水の流路上に、地熱熱水のエネルギーを回収して減圧させる動力回収タービンを設け、
前記動力回収タービンによって前記地熱熱水を略7MPa以下に減圧するとともに、
前記動力回収タービンによって回収したエネルギーを前記還元ポンプの駆動動力の一部として使用することを特徴とする地熱発電装置。 - 電気エネルギーによって駆動する電動機を有し、
該電動機の回転軸と、前記還元ポンプの回転軸を機械的に連結するとともに、
前記電動機の回転軸と、前記動力回収タービンの回転軸とを機械的に連結したことを特徴とする請求項1記載の地熱発電装置。 - 前記還元ポンプの吐出側に圧力計を設け、
該圧力計の検出値は、前記電動機の駆動を制御する電動機制御手段に取り込まれ、
前記電動機制御手段は、前記圧力計の検出値が、地中から取り出される地熱熱水の圧力よりも高圧に設定された所定圧力以上となるように、前記電動機の駆動を制御することを特徴とする請求項2記載の地熱発電装置。 - 前記動力回収タービンによって回収されたエネルギーを電気エネルギーとして回収する発電機を有し、該発電機によって回収された電気エネルギーを前記還元ポンプの駆動動力の一部として使用することを特徴とする請求項1記載の地熱発電装置。
- 前記動力回収タービンの吐出側に圧力計を設け、
該圧力計の検出値は、前記発電機の駆動を制御する発電機制御手段に取り込まれ、
前記発電機制御手段は、前記圧力計の検出値が、予め設定した所定圧力よりも高圧となるように、前記発電機の駆動を制御することを特徴とする請求項4記載の地熱発電装置。 - 生産井から地中の地熱熱水を取り出し、該地熱熱水の持つ熱エネルギーを用いてタービンを駆動して電気エネルギーとして回収し、前記熱エネルギーを取り出された地熱熱水を昇圧して還元井から地中に戻す地熱発電における熱水の利用方法であって、
前記地熱熱水が略7MPaを超える高圧の地熱熱水であって、
前記生産井から取り出した地熱熱水の流路上に設けた動力回収タービンによって前記地熱熱水を略7MPa以下に減圧し、該減圧した地熱熱水の持つエネルギーを前記タービンの駆動に使用するとともに、
前記動力回収タービンによって回収したエネルギーを前記昇圧の動力の一部として使用することを特徴とする地熱発電における超高圧熱水の利用方法。
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Cited By (6)
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JPS62195734A (ja) * | 1986-08-29 | 1987-08-28 | Hitachi Ltd | 光学的記録再生装置 |
JP2014156843A (ja) * | 2013-02-18 | 2014-08-28 | Ohbayashi Corp | 地熱発電システム |
JP2014173345A (ja) * | 2013-03-11 | 2014-09-22 | Jfe Engineering Corp | 非凝縮ガス滞留防止方法及び装置 |
JP2014194216A (ja) * | 2013-02-26 | 2014-10-09 | Kobe Steel Ltd | バイナリー発電装置の運転方法 |
JP2014227962A (ja) * | 2013-05-24 | 2014-12-08 | 株式会社大林組 | 地熱発電用の蒸気発生装置、地熱発電用の蒸気発生方法及び地熱発電システム |
CN106460805A (zh) * | 2014-05-13 | 2017-02-22 | 刘文晏 | 利用地热蒸气进行循环的重力发电装置 |
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JPS55123304A (en) * | 1979-03-14 | 1980-09-22 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Geothermal power plant |
JP2000064945A (ja) * | 1998-08-24 | 2000-03-03 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 地熱発電システム |
JP2010007601A (ja) * | 2008-06-27 | 2010-01-14 | Fuso Dentsu Co Ltd | 地熱発電装置 |
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2010
- 2010-02-18 AU AU2010346227A patent/AU2010346227B2/en not_active Ceased
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS55123304A (en) * | 1979-03-14 | 1980-09-22 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Geothermal power plant |
JP2000064945A (ja) * | 1998-08-24 | 2000-03-03 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 地熱発電システム |
JP2010007601A (ja) * | 2008-06-27 | 2010-01-14 | Fuso Dentsu Co Ltd | 地熱発電装置 |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS62195734A (ja) * | 1986-08-29 | 1987-08-28 | Hitachi Ltd | 光学的記録再生装置 |
JP2014156843A (ja) * | 2013-02-18 | 2014-08-28 | Ohbayashi Corp | 地熱発電システム |
JP2014194216A (ja) * | 2013-02-26 | 2014-10-09 | Kobe Steel Ltd | バイナリー発電装置の運転方法 |
JP2014173345A (ja) * | 2013-03-11 | 2014-09-22 | Jfe Engineering Corp | 非凝縮ガス滞留防止方法及び装置 |
JP2014227962A (ja) * | 2013-05-24 | 2014-12-08 | 株式会社大林組 | 地熱発電用の蒸気発生装置、地熱発電用の蒸気発生方法及び地熱発電システム |
CN106460805A (zh) * | 2014-05-13 | 2017-02-22 | 刘文晏 | 利用地热蒸气进行循环的重力发电装置 |
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