WO2011098341A1 - Dispositif d'obtention d'eau douce à partir d'eau brute - Google Patents

Dispositif d'obtention d'eau douce à partir d'eau brute Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011098341A1
WO2011098341A1 PCT/EP2011/050879 EP2011050879W WO2011098341A1 WO 2011098341 A1 WO2011098341 A1 WO 2011098341A1 EP 2011050879 W EP2011050879 W EP 2011050879W WO 2011098341 A1 WO2011098341 A1 WO 2011098341A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
elements
water
frame
unit
longitudinal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/050879
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Klaus Engelhart
Original Assignee
Vkr Holding A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vkr Holding A/S filed Critical Vkr Holding A/S
Publication of WO2011098341A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011098341A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/26—Multiple-effect evaporating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/0011—Heating features
    • B01D1/0029—Use of radiation
    • B01D1/0035—Solar energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
    • B01D5/0057—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes
    • B01D5/006—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes with evaporation or distillation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
    • B01D5/0057—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes
    • B01D5/006—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes with evaporation or distillation
    • B01D5/0066—Dome shaped condensation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/048—Purification of waste water by evaporation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
    • Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for recovering fresh water from raw water, in particular salt water, brackish water or groundwater with an evaporator unit and a multi-stage condensation unit, wherein the raw water is present in a plurality of superposed evaporation tanks whose bottom elements serve as condensation surfaces for arranged below evaporation tank.
  • a solar thermal desalination plant which consists of a operated with solar heat base tank (evaporator unit) and a plurality of superposed water reservoirs. Due to the heating of the salt water in the base tank, evaporation of the water occurs. The steam condenses on the cooler walls of the overlying water tank. The forming condensate is collected from below collecting funnels and discharged via hoses in a sump. The released during the condensation heat of condensation is delivered to the respectively above water tank and heats the salt water contained therein. By this arrangement, several condensation stages can be constructed and operated one above the other.
  • the individual water tanks have overflow tubes, by which the water level is defined in the individual water tanks, with excess water is discharged into the respective underlying container.
  • a similar desalination plant is known from DE 94 04 427 Ul, in which a single or multi-stage condensation unit is placed on a solar cooker as a heat source, which also collected from the cooled bottom surface of a water tank condensate is collected in a sump.
  • the object of the invention is to propose improvements starting from devices for the recovery of fresh water of the type described above, the facilitate the use of such facilities for decentralized use and in particular bring benefits in the periodically required cleaning of such facilities.
  • the condensation unit has modularly stackable frame members with floor elements inclined to the frame plane, each forming an evaporation tank.
  • each evaporation container is arranged in a separate frame member, wherein the individual frame elements stacked without tools and can be separated for their cleaning again.
  • the generation of fresh water with the device according to the invention is based on a multiple evaporation, wherein the lowest level of the condensation unit is heated directly and thereby the raw water therein begins to evaporate.
  • the resulting moisture settles on the underside of the frame elements located above and indirectly heats them by releasing its heat of condensation.
  • the driving force is the temperature difference between the adjacent frame elements; if there is no temperature difference, the process comes to a standstill.
  • the resulting condensate runs through the slight inclination of the floor elements in the individual frame elements and is separated.
  • indirectly heated evaporation tank now begins to evaporate by the supplied heat and the resulting temperature difference also the raw water, the moisture is delivered to the bottom element of the overlying frame element. This process can be repeated several times, but it should be noted that the temperature difference as a driving force for the process decreases with the increasing number of stacked frame elements.
  • the evaporator unit of the device used is the preferably barrel-shaped storage container of a conventional solar collector unit which serves to provide hot water.
  • the advantage is that small systems already available on the market can be adapted relatively simply for solar thermal service water heating, so that hot water and distilled drinking water can be produced with one device.
  • thermosyphon systems often complete after just a few hours of sunshine are charged and then either have to be laxly regulated or start to cook, with steam forms in the absorber lines, which can lead to damage to the solar panels. Furthermore, there is an excessive aging of a possibly existing antifreeze.
  • the multi-stage condensation unit creates a consumer for this excess amount of heat, which reliably prevents the system from overheating. Furthermore, the device for obtaining fresh water ensures that the hot water in the storage tank of the solar collector unit is not cooled down too deep. This reduces the temperature fluctuations in the storage tank, which reduces the tendency to calcification and ensures greater comfort for the user.
  • the radiated solar energy can be much better used by the collector of the combined unit, since it is operated at a lower temperature level, which increases the efficiency and ensures a full-day full operation at maximum power output.
  • With the combined system it is possible to achieve up to five times higher collector yields with a significantly longer service life of the system.
  • the frame elements consist of parallel longitudinal and transverse bars made of hollow profiles, wherein the individual frame elements by means of latching elements, for example a detent web on the one hand and a retaining flange on the other hand connected to each other and are easily detachable again.
  • latching elements for example a detent web on the one hand and a retaining flange on the other hand connected to each other and are easily detachable again.
  • the longitudinal and transverse spars of the frame members may be made of stainless steel, enamelled steel sheet or extruded aluminum.
  • a collecting channel is formed for receiving the condensate accumulating on the condensation surface, wherein the longitudinal bars for removing the condensate have at least one discharge opening leading from the collecting channel into the interior of the hollow profile and further at least one outlet opening for the condensate, which is arranged in the region of the lower support web and opens into the collecting channel of a frame element arranged underneath.
  • the condensate is thus led step by step down, into hotter areas, whereby the germ count in the fresh water can be effectively reduced.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the transverse bars of the frame elements have on the inside at least one leading into the interior of the hollow profile drain opening in the amount of the desired level of raw water in the evaporation tank, wherein in the lower area the transverse struts at least one outlet opening is arranged, which opens into the evaporation vessel arranged underneath.
  • FIG. 1 shows a device according to the invention for the extraction of fresh water from the frame element of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 2 the condensation unit of FIG. 1 in a sectional view
  • Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional, partially sectional view of a
  • Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of the cross members of the condensation unit; such as
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of a profile variant of the frame element.
  • the condensation unit 2 is placed on a base container 3, which is attached directly to the lateral surface of the barrel-shaped storage container 11, for example, welded.
  • the capacitor unit 2 consists in the illustrated example of six modular stackable frame members 4 and a patch on the last frame member reservoir 5 for the raw water.
  • the storage container 5 can simultaneously form the last condensation stage of the condensation unit 2, wherein the evaporation can take place via the filler neck 6 for the raw water (arrow 7).
  • any heat insulation on the storage tank 11 and on the condensation unit 2 has been omitted.
  • the removal of the fresh or drinking water takes place at two opposite collecting channels 17 of the base element 3 (see FIG.
  • the solar collector unit 10 has, for example, two collector panels 12 which thermally charge the storage tank 11 by means of a thermosiphon principle, the cold water supply is indicated at 13 and the hot water withdrawal at 14.
  • the in Fig. The individually stackable frame members 4 each have an inclined to the frame plane bottom element 9 and thus form superimposed evaporation tank 15 whose bottom elements 9 at the bottom condensation surfaces 16 for the each arranged below evaporation vessel 15 form.
  • adjacent frame elements 4 may have floor elements 9 with different inclination directions (see FIG. 2).
  • the frame elements 4 consist of parallel longitudinal and transverse bars 18, 19 of hollow profiles, wherein the frame members 4 by means of locking elements, such as a latching web 20 on the one hand and a retaining flange 21 on the other hand, are connected to each other.
  • locking elements such as a latching web 20 on the one hand and a retaining flange 21 on the other hand
  • the same profile can be used, wherein in the longitudinal beams 18, the flat profile side is arranged on the outside and in the transverse bars the flat profile side inside.
  • the longitudinal members 18 of the frame members 4 have on their inner side an upper 22 and a lower support web 23 for the bottom member 9, which is used starting from the upper support web 22 of a longitudinal member 18 to the lower support web 23 of the opposite longitudinal member 18 in the frame member 4 inclined to the frame plane ,
  • Fig. 4 shows the profile cross section in detail. Accordingly, at the upper edge of the inner side of the longitudinal members 18, a collecting channel 24 is formed for receiving the condensate accumulating on the condensation surface 16 of the base elements 9. To forward the condensate, the collecting channels 24 have drainage openings 25 (see also FIG. 5), which lead from the collecting channel 24 into the interior of the hollow profile. Furthermore, outlet openings 26 are provided for the condensate, which are arranged in the region below the lower support web 23 and open into the collecting channel 24 of a frame element 4 or 17 arranged underneath thereof, respectively, of the base container 3.
  • the transverse bars 19 at the inside in the interior of the hollow profile leading drain holes 27 in the amount of the desired level P of raw water in the evaporation vessel 15, wherein 19 outlet openings 28 are arranged in the lower region of the transverse beams, which are arranged in the evaporation vessel below 15 or in the basic container 3 open.
  • the drainage openings 25, 27 and the outlet openings 26, 28 of the longitudinal and transverse bars 18, 19 can be produced for example by drilling or punching.
  • the frame elements 4 can each be stacked rotated by 180 ° to each other, which is achieved with completely identically manufactured frame elements indicated by the arrows 29 transverse flow in the evaporation tanks 15 and the bottom elements 9, the in Fig. 2 have shown different directions of inclination (zigzag position).
  • the bottom elements 9 inserted into the frame elements 4 may be made of glass, preferably made of toughened glass, and sealed with a sealant, for example silicone, to the longitudinal and transverse bars 18, 19.
  • a sealant for example silicone
  • Fig. 7 shows an exemplary profile variant (Niroprofil) for the longitudinal and transverse spars 18, 19 of the frame elements 4 with a total height a of 80 mm and a total width of about 22 mm, wherein the support webs 22, 23 to the frame plane by an angle ⁇ of approx , 7 ° are inclined.
  • sealing elements or a circumferential sealing element such as sealing lips or sealing strips may be arranged on the locking elements 20, 21 of adjacent frame elements.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'obtention d'eau douce à partir d'eau brute, en particulier d'eau salée, d'eau saumâtre ou d'eau phréatique, etc., comportant une unité d'évaporation (1) et une unité de condensation à plusieurs étages (2), l'eau brute se trouvant dans plusieurs récipients d'évaporation (15) agencés les uns sur les autres, dont les éléments au sol (9) servent de surfaces de condensation (16) pour les récipients d'évaporation (15) respectivement disposés en-dessous. Selon l'invention, l'unité de condensation (2) comporte des éléments de cadre (4) empilables de manière modulaire avec des éléments de fond (9) introduits de manière inclinée par rapport au plan du cadre, qui constituent chacun un récipient d'évaporation (15). Le récipient accumulateur (11) de préférence en forme de tonneau d'une unité de collecteur solaire traditionnelle (10) qui sert à la mise à disposition d'eau chaude sert d'unité d'évaporation (1).
PCT/EP2011/050879 2010-02-11 2011-01-24 Dispositif d'obtention d'eau douce à partir d'eau brute WO2011098341A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA197/2010 2010-02-11
AT0019710A AT509426B1 (de) 2010-02-11 2010-02-11 Vorrichtung zur gewinnung von frischwasser aus rohwasser

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011098341A1 true WO2011098341A1 (fr) 2011-08-18

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PCT/EP2011/050879 WO2011098341A1 (fr) 2010-02-11 2011-01-24 Dispositif d'obtention d'eau douce à partir d'eau brute

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AT (1) AT509426B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011098341A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3008406A1 (fr) * 2013-07-15 2015-01-16 Henri Abiven Dispositif de purification d'eau impropre a la consommation par condensation
CN109928443A (zh) * 2019-04-04 2019-06-25 中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司 一种含盐废水的减量化处理系统及处理方法
US10442702B2 (en) 2016-11-10 2019-10-15 Ecovap, Inc. Evaporation panel securing systems
USD864366S1 (en) 2017-09-21 2019-10-22 Ecovap, Inc. Evaporation panel
US11472717B2 (en) 2017-08-04 2022-10-18 Ecovap, Inc. Evaporation panel systems and methods
US11505475B2 (en) 2017-11-01 2022-11-22 Ecovap, Inc. Evaporation panel assemblies, systems, and methods

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3536591A (en) * 1962-07-02 1970-10-27 Gen Electric Multiple effect distillation apparatus
US3930958A (en) * 1974-05-29 1976-01-06 Zeoplant Co., Ltd. Desalination apparatus
FR2524335A1 (fr) * 1982-04-02 1983-10-07 Commissariat Energie Atomique Distillateur a effets multiples, utilisable notamment pour le dessalement de l'eau de mer et des eaux saumatres au moyen d'energie renouvelable
DE9404427U1 (de) 1994-03-16 1994-09-29 Schwarzer Klemens Prof Dr Meerwasserentsalzungsaufbau für Solarkocher
DE20021978U1 (de) 2000-12-30 2001-04-05 Schwarzer Klemens Solarthermische Entsalzungsanlage
US20070193870A1 (en) * 2006-02-21 2007-08-23 Prueitt Melvin L Solar-powered desalination system
EP2072100A1 (fr) * 2007-12-20 2009-06-24 VKR Holding A/S Module de distillation incliné multi-effet doté de moyens de chauffage et de refroidissement

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3536591A (en) * 1962-07-02 1970-10-27 Gen Electric Multiple effect distillation apparatus
US3930958A (en) * 1974-05-29 1976-01-06 Zeoplant Co., Ltd. Desalination apparatus
FR2524335A1 (fr) * 1982-04-02 1983-10-07 Commissariat Energie Atomique Distillateur a effets multiples, utilisable notamment pour le dessalement de l'eau de mer et des eaux saumatres au moyen d'energie renouvelable
DE9404427U1 (de) 1994-03-16 1994-09-29 Schwarzer Klemens Prof Dr Meerwasserentsalzungsaufbau für Solarkocher
DE20021978U1 (de) 2000-12-30 2001-04-05 Schwarzer Klemens Solarthermische Entsalzungsanlage
US20070193870A1 (en) * 2006-02-21 2007-08-23 Prueitt Melvin L Solar-powered desalination system
EP2072100A1 (fr) * 2007-12-20 2009-06-24 VKR Holding A/S Module de distillation incliné multi-effet doté de moyens de chauffage et de refroidissement

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
JUBRAN B A ET AL: "Numerical modelling of a multi-stage solar still", ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT, ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, OXFORD, GB, vol. 41, no. 11, 1 July 2000 (2000-07-01), pages 1107 - 1121, XP004202286, ISSN: 0196-8904, DOI: DOI:10.1016/S0196-8904(99)00157-0 *

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3008406A1 (fr) * 2013-07-15 2015-01-16 Henri Abiven Dispositif de purification d'eau impropre a la consommation par condensation
US10442702B2 (en) 2016-11-10 2019-10-15 Ecovap, Inc. Evaporation panel securing systems
US10556809B2 (en) 2016-11-10 2020-02-11 Ecovap, Inc. Evaporation panel systems and assemblies
US10562790B2 (en) 2016-11-10 2020-02-18 Ecovap, Inc. Wastewater evaporative separation systems
US10562789B2 (en) 2016-11-10 2020-02-18 Ecovap, Inc. Evaporation panels
US11274050B2 (en) 2016-11-10 2022-03-15 Ecovap, Inc. Evaporation panels
US11472717B2 (en) 2017-08-04 2022-10-18 Ecovap, Inc. Evaporation panel systems and methods
US11639296B1 (en) 2017-08-04 2023-05-02 Ecovap, Inc. Evaporation panel systems and methods
USD864366S1 (en) 2017-09-21 2019-10-22 Ecovap, Inc. Evaporation panel
US11505475B2 (en) 2017-11-01 2022-11-22 Ecovap, Inc. Evaporation panel assemblies, systems, and methods
CN109928443A (zh) * 2019-04-04 2019-06-25 中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司 一种含盐废水的减量化处理系统及处理方法

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Publication number Publication date
AT509426B1 (de) 2012-01-15
AT509426A1 (de) 2011-08-15

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