WO2011097761A1 - 永磁起重装置 - Google Patents

永磁起重装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011097761A1
WO2011097761A1 PCT/CN2010/000199 CN2010000199W WO2011097761A1 WO 2011097761 A1 WO2011097761 A1 WO 2011097761A1 CN 2010000199 W CN2010000199 W CN 2010000199W WO 2011097761 A1 WO2011097761 A1 WO 2011097761A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnetic steel
movable
pole
fixed
magnet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2010/000199
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
丁弘
Original Assignee
索璞磁性科技(上海)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 索璞磁性科技(上海)有限公司 filed Critical 索璞磁性科技(上海)有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2010/000199 priority Critical patent/WO2011097761A1/zh
Priority to KR1020127016737A priority patent/KR20120109529A/ko
Priority to JP2012552220A priority patent/JP2013519601A/ja
Priority to US13/521,503 priority patent/US8757689B2/en
Priority to EP10845435.6A priority patent/EP2535307B1/en
Priority to CN201080047764.6A priority patent/CN102574668B/zh
Publication of WO2011097761A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011097761A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/04Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by magnetic means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/02Permanent magnets [PM]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/02Permanent magnets [PM]
    • H01F7/0231Magnetic circuits with PM for power or force generation
    • H01F7/0252PM holding devices
    • H01F7/0257Lifting, pick-up magnetic objects

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a permanent magnet lifting apparatus, and more particularly to a permanent magnet lifting apparatus having a casing, a fixed magnetic steel, a movable magnetic steel, and capable of sucking a composite body using a suction surface. Background technique
  • a permanent magnet lifting device with a nominal lifting capacity of 250 kg may produce a maximum suction force of less than 250 kg under a certain condition. Because the operator cannot know the maximum suction force that a nominally hoisted permanent magnet lifting device can provide under each specific condition, even if the weight of the workpiece is less than the nominal lifting value, even if the workpiece can be lifted It is also not sure whether it can be safely operated, because it may be a critical state that can just lift the workpiece. As the workpiece is subjected to external forces due to acceleration during operation, the workpiece is likely to fall, resulting in safety. Hidden dangers.
  • the operator knows whether the ratio of the maximum suction force and the workpiece weight produced by the permanent magnet lifting device under each specific condition reaches or exceeds a certain value, the operator knows to lift this under certain conditions. Whether the workpiece is safe.
  • the safety is determined by the operating parameters of the hoisting mechanism running the permanent magnet lifting device. This content is not within the scope of this patent, but generally the ratio can be set to 2, that is, when the ratio of the maximum suction force and the workpiece weight generated by the permanent magnet lifting device reaches or exceeds 2, the safety hazard can be basically eliminated. Summary of the invention
  • the present invention provides a permanent magnet lifting device that allows an operator to perform a test suction operation. Convenient, but also know whether the ratio of the maximum suction force and workpiece weight produced by the permanent magnet lifting device under this specific condition is 2 or 3 times or other specific values, which can be completely eliminated by the operation of the test suction Security risks.
  • a permanent magnet lifting device includes: a housing having a suction surface of an absorbent body at a lower portion thereof; and a fixed magnetic steel fixedly disposed in the housing relative to the housing; The steel is movable in the housing relative to the fixed magnetic steel.
  • the magnetic force generated by the fixed magnetic steel and the movable magnetic steel on the suction surface is zero magnetic force.
  • the movable magnetic steel is located at the third position relative to the fixed magnetic steel, the magnetic force generated by the fixed magnetic steel and the movable magnetic steel on the suction surface is the maximum magnetic force, and the permanent magnet lifting device further has the second positional positioning.
  • the second position locating mechanism positions the movable magnetic steel at a second position relative to the fixed magnetic steel, and the fixed magnetic steel and the movable magnetic steel generate a test suction magnetic force for the test composition on the suction surface,
  • the test suction magnetic force is greater than the zero magnetic force and less than the maximum magnetic force.
  • the fixed magnetic steel and the movable magnetic steel each have a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and a height direction of the fixed magnetic steel is perpendicular to a plane where the suction surface is located, and a width of the fixed magnetic steel
  • the two sides in the direction are respectively an S pole and an N pole
  • the two sides in the width direction of the movable magnetic steel are respectively an S pole and an N pole
  • the movable magnetic steel can rotate around a center line parallel to the longitudinal direction thereof.
  • the N pole of the movable magnetic steel and the S pole of the fixed magnetic steel are located on one side in the width direction of the fixed magnetic steel
  • the movable magnetic The S pole of the steel and the N pole of the fixed magnet are located on the other side in the width direction of the fixed magnet
  • the edge of the movable magnet a height direction thereof, a center plane halved by the movable magnetic steel and a center plane of the fixed magnetic steel halving the fixed magnetic steel along a height direction thereof
  • the S pole of the movable magnet and the solid The S pole of the magnetic steel is located on one side in the width direction of the fixed magnetic steel
  • the N pole of the movable magnetic steel and the N pole of the fixed magnetic steel are located on the other side in the width direction of the fixed magnetic steel .
  • the fixed magnetic steel and the movable magnetic steel each have a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and a pair of the fixed magnetic steels are connected to both sides in the width direction of the insulator to form an integral body, and the length of the insulating body a plane formed by the direction and the width direction is parallel to a plane in which the suction surface is located, and an S pole and an N pole of the fixed magnet are respectively located on a side opposite to a plane in which the suction plane is located and a side opposite to the side a side, and a pair of the fixed magnetic steels have opposite polarities, and the two sides in the width direction of the movable magnetic steel are respectively an S pole and an N pole, and the movable magnetic steel can be wound around a center line parallel to its length direction Rotating, when the movable magnet is rotated to the first position, one of the pair of fixed magnets is located on the N pole side of the movable magnet, and the fixed magnet is adjacent to the movable magnet
  • the fixed magnetic steel and the movable magnetic steel each have a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the pair of the fixed magnetic steels are symmetrically inclined in a figure-eight shape with respect to a center plane perpendicular to the suction surface.
  • the opposite sides of the pair of fixed magnetic steels are respectively an S pole and an N pole, and the opposite sides are respectively an N pole and an S pole, and the opposite sides of the movable magnetic steel are S poles respectively.
  • the movable magnet being rotatable about a center line parallel to its length direction, when the movable magnet is rotated to the first position, in a pair of opposite sides of the fixed magnet
  • One side is an S pole
  • the side of the movable magnet opposite to the side is an N pole
  • the other side of the pair of opposite sides of the fixed magnetic steel is an N pole
  • the movable magnetic steel is another One side is an S pole
  • a center surface of the movable magnetic steel that bisects the movable magnetic steel along a height direction thereof and a center perpendicular to the suction surface The face is at a predetermined angle
  • the pair is One of the opposite sides of the fixed magnet is an S pole
  • the side of the movable magnet opposite to the side is an S pole
  • the other side of the opposite sides of the pair of fixed magnets is N pole
  • the permanent magnet lifting device further has a handle, the handle is manually operated by the operator outside the housing to drive the movable magnetic steel to rotate to the first position, the second Location or the third location.
  • the second position locating mechanism includes: a first locating pin disposed in the process of the handle rotating the movable magnetic steel from the first position to the third position a portion of the housing corresponding to the movement path of the handle; a first spring applying an elastic thrust to the first position pin to cause the first position pin to protrude outward from the housing under normal conditions; and operating Exposed to the outside of the housing for operation by an operator to retract the first latch pin into the housing against the elastic thrust of the first spring.
  • a front end portion of the first position pin has a slope, and in a process in which the handle drives the movable magnetic steel to rotate from the first position to the third position, When the handle is moved to a position where the first positional pin is disposed, the handle abuts the inclined surface and pushes the inclined surface to make the first card position when the operating member is not operated The pin overcomes the elastic thrust of the first spring and retracts into the housing, such that the handle can move the movable magnetic steel from the third position by setting the position of the first locking pin In the process of rotating in the direction of the first position, when the handle is moved to a position where the first card pin is disposed, the handle is in the case where the operating member is not operated and the first The surface of the latch pin opposite to the inclined surface abuts and is blocked by the first latch pin, and is positioned at a position where the first latch pin is disposed.
  • the rear end portion of the first latch pin is in contact with the first spring, and the operating member is integrally connected to the intermediate portion of the first latch pin.
  • the slope is an inclined plane formed by cutting the front end portion of the first card pin by intersecting the axis of the first card pin.
  • the front end portion of the first position pin does not have a slope
  • the handle moves the movable magnet to rotate from the first position to the third position.
  • the handle moves the movable magnet to rotate from the first position to the third position.
  • the second position locating mechanism includes: a second locating pin fixedly disposed on the handle to drive the movable magnetic steel to rotate from the first position to the a portion of the housing corresponding to the movement path of the handle protruding outwardly from the housing during the third position, the handle comprising: a stopper facing the housing side from an outer circumference of the handle a pressing member connected to the stopper by a rod body and protruding to a distance outside the handle for the operator to press to move the stopper; the second spring applying an elastic thrust to the pressing member to make the pressing The piece remains in a state of protruding to a certain distance outside the handle in a normal state.
  • the technical solution 11 of the present invention is a process in which the handle drives the movable magnetic steel to rotate from the first position to the third position or from the third position to the first position.
  • the stopper of the handle abuts the second position pin when the pressing member is not pressed, Thereby the handle is blocked by the second latch pin, and the stopper moves to avoid abutment with the second latch pin when the pusher is pressed by an operator, thereby enabling the handle to By setting the position of the second card pin.
  • the test suction magnetic force is in a range of 10% to 90% of the maximum magnetic force.
  • the test suction magnetic force is 50% of the maximum magnetic force.
  • the second position locating mechanism is used to position the movable magnetic steel in the second position, so that the test suction magnetic force is greater than the zero magnetic force and less than the maximum magnetic force, so that the operator can conveniently perform the test suction and the operation. It can also be known whether the ratio of the maximum suction force and the weight of the workpiece generated by the permanent magnet lifting device under the specific conditions reaches or exceeds 2 times or 3 times or other specific values, and the safety hazard can be completely eliminated by the operation of the test suction.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a permanent magnet lifting device when a movable magnetic steel of a permanent magnet lifting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention is in a first position.
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the permanent magnet lifting apparatus when the movable magnet of the permanent magnet lifting apparatus of the embodiment is in the second position.
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the permanent magnet lifting apparatus when the movable magnet of the permanent magnet lifting apparatus of the embodiment is in the third position.
  • Fig. 4 is a view showing the magnetic lines of the permanent magnet lifting device and the inside of the workpiece when the permanent magnet lifting device of the same embodiment is in the first position.
  • Fig. 5 is a view showing the magnetic lines of the permanent magnet lifting device and the inside of the workpiece when the permanent magnet lifting device of the same embodiment is in the second position.
  • Fig. 6 is a view showing the magnetic lines of the permanent magnet lifting device and the inside of the workpiece when the permanent magnet lifting device of the same embodiment is in the third position.
  • Figure 7 is a longitudinal partial cross-sectional view of the permanent magnet lifting apparatus of the same embodiment.
  • Fig. 8 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a permanent magnet lifting apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a view showing the magnetic lines of the permanent magnet lifting device and the inside of the workpiece when the permanent magnet lifting device of the same embodiment is in the first position.
  • Fig. 10 is a view showing the magnetic lines of the permanent magnet starting device and the inside of the workpiece when the permanent magnet lifting device of the embodiment is in the second position.
  • Figure 11 is a view showing the magnetic lines of the permanent magnet lifting device and the inside of the workpiece when the permanent magnet lifting device of the same embodiment is in the third position.
  • Fig. 12 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a permanent magnet lifting apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a view showing the magnetic lines of the permanent magnet lifting device and the inside of the workpiece when the permanent magnet lifting device of the same embodiment is in the first position.
  • Fig. 14 is a view showing the magnetic lines of the permanent magnet lifting device and the inside of the workpiece when the permanent magnet lifting device of the embodiment is in the second position.
  • Figure 15 is a view showing the magnetic lines of the permanent magnet lifting device and the inside of the workpiece when the permanent magnet lifting device of the same embodiment is in the third position.
  • Figure 16 is an external perspective view of a permanent magnet lifting apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic view showing the magnetic lines of force of the permanent magnet lifting device and the inside of the workpiece when the permanent magnet lifting device of the same embodiment is in the first position.
  • Figure 18 is a view showing the magnetic lines of the permanent magnet lifting device and the inside of the workpiece when the permanent magnet lifting device of the same embodiment is in the second position.
  • Figure 19 is a view showing the magnetic lines of the permanent magnet lifting device and the inside of the workpiece when the permanent magnet lifting device of the same embodiment is in the third position.
  • Fig. 20 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a permanent magnet lifting apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 21 is a view showing the magnetic lines of the permanent magnet lifting device and the inside of the workpiece when the permanent magnet lifting device of the same embodiment is in the first position.
  • Figure 22 is a view showing the magnetic lines of the permanent magnet lifting device and the inside of the workpiece when the permanent magnet lifting device of the same embodiment is in the second position.
  • Figure 23 is a view showing the magnetic lines of the permanent magnet lifting device and the inside of the workpiece when the permanent magnet lifting device of the same embodiment is in the third position.
  • Fig. 24 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a permanent magnet lifting apparatus according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. .
  • Figure 25 is a view showing the magnetic lines of the permanent magnet lifting device and the inside of the workpiece when the permanent magnet lifting device of the same embodiment is in the first position.
  • Figure 26 is a view showing the magnetic lines of the permanent magnet lifting device and the inside of the workpiece when the permanent magnet lifting device of the same embodiment is in the second position.
  • Figure 27 is a view showing the magnetic lines of the permanent magnet lifting device and the inside of the workpiece when the permanent magnet lifting device of the same embodiment is in the third position.
  • Figure 28 is a view showing the magnetic force lines of the permanent magnet lifting device and the inside of the workpiece when the permanent magnet lifting device of the modification is in the second position.
  • the permanent magnet lifting device 1 has: a housing 2 having a suction surface 3 of the absorbent body 4 at a lower portion thereof; a fixed magnetic steel 5 fixedly disposed in the housing 2 with respect to the housing 2; 6.
  • the movable magnet 5 is movably disposed in the casing 2, and when the movable magnet 6 is in the first position relative to the fixed magnet 5, the fixed magnet 5 and the movable magnet 6 are paired. 3
  • the generated magnetic force is zero magnetic force.
  • the magnetic force generated by the fixed magnetic steel 5 and the movable magnetic steel 6 on the suction surface 3 is the maximum magnetic force.
  • Lifting device 1 also has a a two-position positioning mechanism 7 that positions the movable magnet 6 in a second position relative to the fixed magnet 5, and the fixed magnet 5 and the movable magnet 6 produce a test suction on the suction surface 3.
  • the test suction magnetic force for the object 4, the test suction magnetic force is greater than the zero magnetic force and less than the maximum magnetic force.
  • the test suction magnetic force is preferably in the range of 10% to 90% of the maximum magnetic force.
  • the test suction magnetic force is 50% of the maximum magnetic force, that is, if the second position is used to test the combined magnetic force to lift a workpiece, it can be determined that the permanent magnet lifting device is used under the specific condition.
  • the ratio of the maximum suction force and the workpiece weight that can be generated in the third position must reach or exceed the ratio set by the second position, that is, 1/50%, that is, 2 times. Similarly, if the cohesive force set by the second position is 30% of the maximum magnetic force, then the ratio set by the second position is 1/30%, that is, 3.33 times.
  • the suction surface 3 is specifically a two-sided symmetrical portion of the lower surface of the casing 2, which is planar.
  • Both the fixed magnet 5 and the movable magnet 6 are in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the fixed magnet 5 is fixed to the upper half of the casing 2 and is located at the center of the left and right direction of the permanent magnet lifting device 1, and the fixed magnet 5 is fixed such that its height direction is perpendicular to the plane in which the suction surface 3 is located.
  • the height direction coincides with the up and down direction, and the width direction thereof coincides with the left and right direction, and the length direction thereof coincides with the front and rear direction.
  • the two sides in the width direction of the fixed magnet 5 are the S pole and the N pole, respectively.
  • the two sides in the width direction of the movable magnet 6 are respectively an S pole and an N pole, and the movable magnet 6 is disposed in the lower half of the casing 2 and is located at the center in the left-right direction of the permanent magnet lifting device 1, the activity
  • the magnet steel 6 is disposed such that its longitudinal direction coincides with the front-rear direction, and is rotatable about its own center line 62 parallel to its longitudinal direction.
  • the center line 62 is substantially located at the center of the fixed magnetic steel 5 which is equally divided along the height direction of the fixed magnet 5. On the plane where the face 51 is located.
  • the center surface 61 of the movable magnet 6 that bisects the movable magnet 6 in its height direction is substantially aligned with the center plane 51 of the fixed magnet 5 (if the movable magnet 6 is If the magnetic energy is greater than the magnetic energy of the fixed magnetic steel 5, the central surface 61 of the movable magnetic steel 6 may have a small angle with the central surface 51 of the fixed magnetic steel 5, and the magnetic energy of the movable magnetic steel 6 is partially short-circuited.
  • the magnetic energy is neutralized with the magnetic energy of the fixed magnet 5, and is substantially in the same plane, and the movable magnet 6 is disposed such that its width direction coincides with the left and right direction, the height direction thereof coincides with the up and down direction, and the N pole of the movable magnet 6 and The S pole of the fixed magnet 5 is located on the left side of the fixed magnet 5, and the S pole of the movable magnet 6 and the N pole of the fixed magnet 5 are located on the right side of the fixed magnet 5.
  • the polarity of the movable magnet 6 and the fixed magnet 5 can also be reversed from the above description.
  • the direction of the magnetic field generated by the fixed magnet 5 is completely opposite to the direction of the magnetic field generated by the movable magnet 6, as shown by the magnetic lines of FIG. 4, the two magnetic fields are neutralized, and the magnetic force generated on the suction surface 3 is zero. The magnetic force does not attract the absorbent body 4.
  • the center face 61 of the movable magnet 6 is at a predetermined angle with the center face 51 of the fixed magnet 5.
  • a part of the fixed magnet 5 is short-circuited by the portion of the core body 81 made of iron, and a part of the movable magnet 6 is short-circuited by the portion of the casing 2 made of iron.
  • the direction of the magnetic field is the same, and the two magnetic fields are superimposed, and the test suction magnetic force for the test solution body 4 is generated for the suction surface 3, and the test suction magnetic force is greater than the zero magnetic force and smaller than the maximum magnetic force, preferably 10% of the maximum magnetic force. Within the range of -90%, preferably 50% of the maximum magnetic force.
  • the absorbent body 4 was tested for suction.
  • the center surface 61 of the movable magnet 6 is substantially aligned with the center plane 51 of the fixed magnet 5, and is substantially in the same plane, and the movable magnet 6 is disposed in the width direction and the left and right direction. Consistently, the height direction is consistent with the up and down direction, and the S pole of the movable magnet 6 and the S pole of the fixed magnet 5 are located on the left side of the fixed magnet 5, the N pole of the movable magnet 6 and the N pole of the fixed magnet 5 Located on the right side of the fixed magnet 5.
  • the direction of the magnetic field generated by the fixed magnet 5 is the same as the direction of the magnetic field generated by the movable magnet 6.
  • the two magnetic fields are superimposed, and the magnetic force generated on the suction surface 3 is the maximum magnetic force. Thereby, the absorbent body 4 is sucked.
  • the permanent magnet lifting device 1 also has a handle 8, which is manually operated by the operator outside the housing 2 to drive the movable magnetic steel 6 to the first position, the second position or the third position.
  • the handle 8 has a core body 81, and a portion of the core body 81 is fixedly disposed with a movable magnet 6 inserted into a hole 21 provided in the interior of the casing 2, and another portion of the core body 81 is The housing 2 is exposed outwardly, and a through hole 83 is radially disposed on the other portion; a handle portion 82, one end portion of the handle portion 82 is manually operated by the operator outside the housing 2, and the other end is inserted and worn. This through hole 83 passes. The operator rotates the magnetic core body 81 by holding the handle portion 82, and finally the movable magnetic steel 6 rotates as the magnetic core body 81 rotates.
  • the second position locating mechanism 7 includes: a latching pin 71 disposed on a portion of the housing 2 corresponding to the movement path of the handle during the rotation of the movable magnetic steel 6 from the first position to the third position; the spring 72, Applying elastic thrust to the latch pin 71 to cause the latch pin 71 to protrude outward from the housing 2 in a normal state; and the operating member 73 is exposed outside the housing 2 for the operator to operate to cause the latch pin 71 to overcome the spring The elastic thrust of 72 is retracted into the casing 2.
  • the front end portion of the latch pin 71 has a slope 74.
  • a deep hole 22 in the front-rear direction is formed in a portion of the front surface of the casing 2 corresponding to the moving path of the handle, and a spring 72 is disposed in the deep hole 22, and a rear end portion of the spring 72 and a bottom of the deep hole 22 Abut.
  • the rear end portion of the latch pin 71 abuts against the front end portion of the spring 72, and the intermediate portion of the latch pin 71 is integrally connected with the operating member 73, and the inclined surface 74 is open.
  • the inclined plane formed by cutting the front end portion of the registration pin 71 at the intersection of the axis of the registration pin 71, that is, the inclined surface 74 is a slope which is inclined from the right to the left from the rear to the front.
  • the front end portion of the registration pin 71 may not have a slope.
  • the handle 8 drives the movable magnet 6 to rotate from the first position to the third position, the handle 8 is moved to the setting card.
  • the handle 8 abuts against the front end portion of the registration pin 71 when the operation member 73 is not operated, and cannot be set by the position of the registration pin 71, and the card is operated when the operation member 73 is operated.
  • the position pin 71 overcomes the elastic thrust of the spring 72 and is retracted into the housing 2.
  • the handle 8 can drive the movable magnet 6 to rotate from the third position to the first position by setting the position of the latch pin 71.
  • the handle 8 when the handle 8 is moved to the position where the card pin 71 is set, the handle 8 abuts against the front end portion of the card pin 71 and is blocked by the card pin 71 when the operating member 73 is not operated, and is positioned at Set the position of the card pin 71.
  • the first position and third position positioning mechanism 9 are mounted on the front surface of the casing 2 by screws, and are located directly below the core body 81 of the handle 8, and are adjacent to the core body 81, of course, the first position and the third The position positioning mechanism 9 can also be formed integrally with the housing 2.
  • the first position and third position locating mechanism 9 are substantially concave.
  • the permanent magnet lifting device 1 is moved above the absorbent body 4, and the suction surface 3 is brought into contact with the upper surface of the absorbent body 4.
  • the handle 8 is located at the closed position on the right side, that is, the movable magnetic steel 6 In the first position, the magnetic field of the movable magnet 6 and the fixed magnet 5 is neutralized, so that the magnetic force generated on the suction surface 3 is zero magnetic force, and the suction body 4 is not sucked.
  • the handle 8 When the handle 8 is rotated to the position where the position pin 71 is set, the handle 8 abuts against the inclined surface 74 and pushes the inclined surface 74 when the operating member 73 is not operated, so that the locking pin 71 overcomes the elastic thrust of the spring 72 and The housing 2 is retracted so that the handle 8 can pass the position of the positioning pin 71. .
  • the operator puts the handle 8 and the movable magnet 6 is subjected to the magnetic field of the fixed magnet 5 to be clockwise.
  • the force of rotation causes the handle 8 to also rotate clockwise.
  • the handle 8 is automatically rotated to the position where the card pin 71 is set, the handle 8 abuts against the face 75 of the card pin 71 opposite to the slope 74 when the operating member 73 is not operated, and is blocked by the card pin 71. Thereby positioned at the position where the card pin 71 is set, that is, the movable magnet 6 is positioned at the second position.
  • the permanent magnet lifting device 1 If the permanent magnet lifting device 1 is unable to lift the suction body 4, it means that the ratio of the maximum suction force and the workpiece weight which can be generated by the permanent magnet lifting device 1 when lifting in the third position is smaller than the ratio set by the second position. , so remind and warn the operator whether to lift the suction body 4. At this time, the operator operates the operating member 73 to retract the latch pin 71 into the housing 2 while rotating the handle 8 clockwise and continuing to rotate to the closed position by the position of the latch pin 71.
  • the ratio of the maximum suction force and the workpiece weight that the permanent magnet lifting device 1 can produce for this particular condition can be set to or exceed the second position.
  • the ratio. The operator can continue to rotate the handle 8 counterclockwise until the handle 8 is rotated to the left open position, i.e., the movable magnet 6 is rotated to the third position, the operator releases the handle 8, and the other end of the handle portion 82 is at the spring.
  • the thrust of 91 protrudes directly above the right side step of the first position and the third position positioning mechanism 9, and the rotation of the handle portion 82 is blocked by the first and third steps of the third position positioning mechanism 9, thereby being Positioning, that is, the movable magnet 6 is positioned at the third position.
  • the magnetic field of the fixed magnet 5 is superimposed on the magnetic field of the movable magnet 6, and the magnetic force generated on the suction surface 3 is the maximum magnetic force, thereby sucking the suction body 4.
  • the operator lifts the third position of the absorbent body 4.
  • the operator When the absorbent body 4 is lifted to a prescribed place, the operator lowers the workpiece, pulls out the handle, rotates the handle 8 located at the snoring position clockwise to the position of the position pin 71, and operates the operating member 73 to make the card
  • the position pin 71 is retracted into the housing 2 such that the handle 8 continues to rotate to the closed position by the position of the registration pin 71.
  • the second embodiment differs from the structure of the first embodiment in that the magnetic steel portion is fixed.
  • the fixed magnets 251, 252 and the movable magnet 6 are each in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and a pair of fixed magnets 251, 252 are integrally connected to both sides in the width direction of the insulator 253, and are fixed to the upper half of the casing 2 .
  • the width direction of the insulator 253 coincides with the left-right direction, and the longitudinal direction coincides with the front-rear direction, and the height direction coincides with the vertical direction.
  • the plane formed by the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the insulator 253 is parallel to the plane in which the suction surface 3 is located, and the S pole and the N pole of the fixed magnets 251, 252 are respectively located on the side opposite to the plane in which the suction surface 3 is located and The opposite side of the side, and the polarities of the fixed magnets 251, 252 are opposite, that is, the S pole of the fixed magnet 251 and the N pole of the fixed magnet 252 are located on the side opposite to the plane in which the suction surface 3 is located, The N pole of the fixed magnet 251 and the S pole of the fixed magnet 252 are located on the opposite side of the side.
  • the movable magnet 6 is disposed in the lower half of the casing 2 and is located at the center of the permanent magnet lifting device 1 in the left-right direction.
  • the two sides in the width direction of the movable magnet 6 are S pole and N pole, respectively.
  • the steel 6 is rotatable about its own centerline 62 parallel to its length, the centerline 62 being located substantially in the plane of the center face 254 which bisects the insulator 253 along the height of the insulator 253.
  • the center surface 61 of the movable magnet 6 that bisects the movable magnet 6 along its twist direction is substantially aligned with the center plane 254 of the insulator 253 (if the movable magnet 6 is If the magnetic energy is greater than the total magnetic energy of the fixed magnetic steels 251, 252, the central surface 61 of the movable magnetic steel 6 may have a small angle with the central surface 254 of the insulating member 253, after the magnetic energy of the movable magnetic steel 6 is partially short-circuited. The remaining magnetic energy is neutralized with the magnetic energy of the fixed magnets 251, 252, and is substantially in the same plane.
  • the movable magnet 6 is disposed such that its width direction coincides with the left and right direction, and its height direction coincides with the up and down direction.
  • the fixed magnet 251 is located on the N pole side of the movable magnet 6, and the side of the fixed magnet 251 near the movable magnet 6, that is, the lower side is the S pole, and the fixed magnet 252 is located on the S pole side of the movable magnet 6 And the side of the fixed magnet 252 near the movable magnet 6, that is, the lower side is the N pole.
  • the polarities of the movable magnet 6 and the fixed magnets 251, 252 may also be opposite to those described above.
  • the direction of the magnetic field generated by the fixed magnets 251, 252 is completely opposite to the direction of the magnetic field generated by the movable magnet 6, as shown by the magnetic lines of FIG. 9, the magnetic fields are mutually neutralized, and the magnetic force generated on the suction surface 3 is Zero magnetic force does not attract the absorbent body 4.
  • the center surface 61 of the movable magnet 6 is at a predetermined angle with the center plane 254 of the insulator 253.
  • a part of the magnetic fields of the fixed magnets 251, 252 and the movable magnet 6 are short-circuited to the casing by the core body in the permanent magnet lifting device 1, and the magnetic field directions of the other portions are identical to each other.
  • the magnetic field is superimposed, and the test suction combined magnetic force is generated for the suction surface 3, and the test suction magnetic force is greater than zero magnetic force and smaller than the maximum magnetic force, preferably within the range of 10%-90% of the maximum magnetic force, Good for 50% of the maximum magnetic force.
  • the absorbent body 4 was tested for suction.
  • the center plane 61 of the movable magnet 6 is substantially aligned with the center plane 254 of the insulator 253 and is substantially in the same plane.
  • the movable magnet 6 is disposed such that its width direction coincides with the left and right direction, and its height direction coincides with the up and down direction.
  • the fixed magnet 251 is located on the S pole side of the movable magnet 6, and the side of the fixed magnet 251 near the movable magnet 6, that is, the lower side is the S pole, and the fixed magnet 252 is located on the N pole side of the movable magnet 6, and The fixed magnet 252 is adjacent to the side of the movable magnet 6, that is, the lower side is the N pole.
  • the direction of the magnetic field generated by the fixed magnets 251, 252 coincides with the direction of the magnetic field generated by the movable magnet 6, as shown by the magnetic lines of FIG. 11, the magnetic fields are superimposed on each other, and the magnetic force generated on the suction surface 3 is the maximum magnetic force. Thereby, the absorbent body 4 is sucked.
  • the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description is omitted.
  • the third embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the structure of the handle, the second position locating mechanism, the first position and the third position locating mechanism.
  • the second position locating mechanism is a locating pin 307.
  • the locating pin 307 is fixedly disposed corresponding to the moving path of the casing 2 of the casing 2 during the rotation of the movable magnetic steel 6 from the first position to the third position by the handle 8.
  • the housing 8 protrudes outwardly
  • the handle 8 includes: a stopper 383 protruding from the outer circumference of the handle 8 toward the housing side; a pressing member 384 connected to the stopper 383 by the rod 386 and protruding outside the handle 8 A certain distance is pressed by the operator to move the stopper 383; a spring 385 applies an elastic thrust to the pressing member 384 to keep the pressing member 384 in a state of being protruded to a distance outside the handle 8 in a normal state.
  • a long hole 387 is provided along the longitudinal direction thereof, and the long hole 387 is close to a hole of a section of the core body 81 (hereinafter simply referred to as an inner section) and a section away from the core body 81 (hereinafter referred to as The outer section has a larger aperture and the middle section has a smaller aperture.
  • the stopper 383 is disposed at a position closest to the intermediate portion among the inner segments of the elongated holes 387, and is connected to the pressing member 384 provided at the outer portion of the elongated hole 387 by the rod-shaped body 386 inserted in the intermediate portion, the pressing member 384 Part of it protrudes to a certain distance outside the handle 8.
  • One end of the spring 385 abuts against the stepped surface of the intermediate section and the outer section of the elongated hole 387, and the other end abuts against the pressing member 384, thereby applying an elastic thrust to the pressing member 384, so that the pressing member 384 is in a normal state.
  • the lower state is kept protruding to a certain distance outside the handle 8.
  • a groove portion is formed in the longitudinal direction of the handle portion 382 on the surface of the handle portion 382 near the casing 2, the groove portion being located corresponding to the position of the inner portion of the long hole 387, and connected to the inner portion of the long hole 387.
  • the stopper 383 protrudes from the groove portion to the outside of the handle portion 382.
  • the first position and third position positioning mechanism includes positioning pins 391, 392 and a catch pin 393. Wherein, the positioning pin 391,
  • the handle 8 is positioned above the positioning pin 392 and abuts against the positioning pin 392 without the pressing member 384 being pressed, so that the movable magnet 6 is positioned at First position.
  • the handle 8 When the movable magnet 6 is in the third position, the handle 8 is located above the positioning pin 391 and below the positioning pin 393 under the condition that the pressing member 384 is not pressed, and the positioning pin 391, the card position Pin 393 abuts, from The movable magnet 6 is positioned in the third position.
  • the permanent magnet lifting device 1 is moved above the absorbent body 4, and the suction surface 3 is brought into contact with the upper surface of the absorbent body 4.
  • the handle 8 is located at the closed position on the right side, that is, the movable magnetic steel 6 In the first position, the magnetic field of the movable magnet 6 and the fixed magnet 5 is neutralized, so that the magnetic force generated on the suction surface 3 is zero magnetic force, and the suction body 4 is not sucked.
  • the operator presses the pressing member 384 to move the stopper 383 toward the core body 81, thereby avoiding the abutment of the stopper 383 and the latch pin 307, so that the handle 8 can By setting the position of the card pin 307.
  • the operator releases the handle 8, and the movable magnet 6 is subjected to a force that causes it to rotate clockwise under the magnetic field of the fixed magnet 5, so that the handle 8 also rotates clockwise.
  • the handle 8 is automatically rotated to the position where the card pin 307 is set, the handle 8 abuts against the card pin 307 and is blocked by the card pin 307 when the pressing member 384 is not pressed, thereby positioning the card pin.
  • the position of 307, that is, the movable magnet 6 is positioned at the second position.
  • the permanent magnet lifting device 1 If the permanent magnet lifting device 1 is unable to lift the suction body 4, it means that the ratio of the maximum suction force and the workpiece weight which can be generated by the permanent magnet lifting device 1 when lifting in the third position is smaller than the ratio set by the second position. , so remind and warn the operator whether to lift the suction body 4. At this time, the operator presses the pressing member 384 to move the stopper 383 toward the core body 81, thereby avoiding contact with the latch pin 307, and simultaneously rotating the handle 8 clockwise and continuing to rotate to the closed position by the position of the latch pin 307. .
  • the ratio of the maximum suction force and the workpiece weight that the permanent magnet lifting device 1 can produce for this particular condition can be set to or exceed the second position.
  • the ratio. The operator can continue to rotate the handle 8 counterclockwise. When turning to the position where the card pin 393 is set, the operator presses the pressing member 384 to move the stopper 383 toward the core body 81 to avoid contact with the card pin 393.
  • the handle 8 can be set by the position of the position pin 393. At this time, the handle 8 is rotated to the left open position, that is, the movable magnet 6 is rotated to the third position.
  • the stopper 383 of the handle 8 is located above the positioning pin 391 and below the locking pin 393.
  • the stopper 383 abuts the positioning pin 391 and the locking pin 393, so that the handle 8 is positioned. , ie the active magnet 6 is positioned in the third Location. At this time, the magnetic field of the fixed magnet 5 is superimposed on the magnetic field of the movable magnet 6, and the magnetic force generated on the suction surface 3 is the maximum magnetic force, thereby sucking the absorbent body 4. The operator lifts the third position of the absorbent body 4.
  • the operator When the absorbent body 4 is lifted to a predetermined position, the operator lowers the workpiece, presses the pressing member 384, moves the stopper 383 toward the magnetic core body 81 to avoid contact with the locking pin 393, and simultaneously rotates the handle 8 clockwise.
  • the stopper 383 By the position of the card pin 393, and rotated to the position of the card pin 307, and pressing the pressing member 384 again, the stopper 383 is moved to the core body 81 again, avoiding contact with the card pin 307, thereby making the handle 8 continues to rotate to the closed position by the position of the card pin 307.
  • the fourth embodiment differs from the structure of the third embodiment in that the magnetic steel portion is fixed.
  • the fixed magnetic steels 451, 452 and the movable magnetic steel 6 are each in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and a pair of fixed magnetic steels 451, 452 are integrally connected to both sides in the width direction of the insulator 453, and are fixed to the upper half of the casing 2 .
  • the width direction of the insulator 453 coincides with the left-right direction, and the longitudinal direction coincides with the front-rear direction, and the height direction coincides with the vertical direction.
  • the plane formed by the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the insulator 453 is parallel to the plane in which the suction surface 3 is located, and the S pole and the N pole of the fixed magnets 451, 452 are respectively located on the side opposite to the plane in which the suction surface 3 is located and On the opposite side of the side, 'and the polarities of the fixed magnets 451, 452 are opposite, that is, the S pole of the fixed magnet 451 and the N pole of the fixed magnet 452 are located on the side opposite to the plane in which the suction surface 3 is located, fixed.
  • the N pole of the magnet 451 and the S pole of the fixed magnet 452 are located on the opposite side of the side.
  • the movable magnet 6 is disposed in the lower half of the casing 2 and is located at the center of the permanent magnet lifting device 1 in the left-right direction.
  • the two sides in the width direction of the movable magnet 6 are S pole and N pole, respectively.
  • the steel 6 is rotatable about its own centerline 62 parallel to its length, the centerline 62 being located substantially in the plane of the center plane 454 where the insulator 453 is halved along the height of the insulator 453.
  • the center surface 61 of the movable magnet 6 that bisects the movable magnet 6 in its height direction is substantially aligned with the center plane 454 of the insulator 453 (if the magnetic energy of the movable magnet 6 is If the total magnetic energy is larger than the total magnetic energy of the fixed magnetic steels 451 and 452, the central surface 61 of the movable magnetic steel 6 may have a small angle with the central surface 454 of the insulating member 453, and the magnetic energy of the movable magnetic steel 6 is partially short-circuited.
  • the magnetic energy underneath is neutralized with the magnetic energy of the fixed magnets 451, 452, and is substantially in the same plane.
  • the movable magnet 6 is disposed such that its width direction coincides with the left and right direction, and its height direction coincides with the up and down direction.
  • the fixed magnetic steel 451 is located on the N pole side of the movable magnetic steel 6, and the side of the fixed magnetic steel 451 near the movable magnetic steel 6, that is, the lower side is the S pole, and the fixed magnetic steel 452 is located on the S pole side of the movable magnetic steel 6. And the side of the fixed magnet 452 near the movable magnet 6, that is, the lower side is the N pole.
  • the direction of the magnetic field generated by the fixed magnets 451, 452 is completely opposite to the direction of the magnetic field generated by the movable magnet 6, as shown by the magnetic lines of FIG.
  • the magnetic fields are mutually neutralized, and the magnetic force generated on the suction surface 3 is Zero magnetic force does not attract the absorbent body 4.
  • the center face 61 of the movable magnet 6 is at a predetermined angle with the center face 454 of the insulator 453.
  • a part of the magnetic fields of the fixed magnetic fields 451, 452 and the movable magnetic steel 6 are short-circuited to the casing by the magnetic core body in the permanent magnet lifting device 1, and the magnetic field directions of the other portions coincide with each other.
  • test suction magnetic force for the test solution body 4 is generated for the suction surface 3, and the test suction magnetic force is greater than the zero magnetic force and smaller than the maximum magnetic force, preferably within the range of 10%-90% of the maximum magnetic force, preferably It is 50% of the maximum magnetic force.
  • the absorbent body 4 was tested for suction.
  • the center plane 61 of the movable magnet 6 is substantially aligned with the center plane 454 of the insulator 453 and is substantially in the same plane.
  • the movable magnet 6 is disposed such that its width direction coincides with the left and right direction, and its height direction coincides with the up and down direction.
  • the fixed magnet 451 is located on the S pole side of the movable magnet 6, and the fixed magnet 451 is adjacent to the side of the movable magnet 6, that is, the lower side is the S pole, and the fixed magnet 452 is located on the N pole side of the movable magnet 6, and The fixed magnet 452 is adjacent to the side of the movable magnet 6, that is, the lower side is an N pole.
  • the direction of the magnetic field generated by the fixed magnets 451 and 452 coincides with the direction of the magnetic field generated by the movable magnet 6, and as shown by the magnetic lines of FIG. 19, the magnetic fields are superimposed on each other, and the magnetic force generated on the suction surface 3 is the maximum magnetic force. Thereby, the absorbent body 4 is sucked.
  • the fifth embodiment differs from the structure of the first embodiment in the structure of the first position and the third position locating mechanism.
  • the first position and third position positioning mechanism include: a carding mechanism 570, positioning pins 591, 592.
  • the latching mechanism 570 is identical in structure to the second positional positioning mechanism 7, and includes: a latching pin 571 disposed in the handle of the housing 2 during the rotation of the movable magnet 6 from the second position to the third position by the handle 8 a portion corresponding to the moving path, that is, a central portion disposed on the left side of the front surface of the casing 2; a spring that applies an elastic thrust to the latch pin 571 to cause the latch pin 571 to protrude outward from the casing 2 in a normal state And the operating member 573 is exposed outside the casing 2 for the operator to operate to retract the latch pin 571 into the casing 2 against the elastic thrust of the spring.
  • the front end portion of the latch pin 571 has a slope 574.
  • the handle 8 drives the movable magnet 6 to rotate from the second position to the third position, when the handle 8 moves to the position where the position pin 571 is set, the handle 8 abuts against the inclined surface 574 when the operating member 573 is not operated and pushes the inclined surface 574 to cause the locking pin 571 to overcome the elastic thrust of the spring and retract into the housing 2, so that the handle 8 can pass the setting of the locking pin
  • the handle 8 drives the movable magnet 6 to rotate from the third position to the second position, when the handle 8 is moved to the position where the position pin 571 is set, the handle 8 is not at the operating member 573.
  • the surface 575 opposite to the inclined surface 574 of the latch pin 571 abuts and is blocked by the latch pin 571, and is positioned at a position where the latch pin 571 is disposed.
  • a deep hole 22 in the front-rear direction is opened on a portion of the front surface of the casing 2 corresponding to the moving path of the handle, and the spring is provided.
  • the rear end portion of the spring abuts against the bottom of the deep hole 22.
  • the rear end portion of the latch pin 571 abuts against the front end portion of the spring, and the intermediate portion of the latch pin 571 is integrally connected with an operating member 573 which cuts the latch pin by intersecting the axis of the latch pin 571.
  • the inclined plane formed by the front end portion of the 571, that is, the inclined surface 574 is a slope which is inclined from the top to the bottom as it goes from the back to the front.
  • the positioning pins 591, 592 are fixedly disposed at the lower portions of the left and right sides of the front surface of the casing 2, respectively.
  • the handle portion 82 of the handle 8 When the movable magnet 6 is in the first position, the handle portion 82 of the handle 8 is positioned above the positioning pin 592 and abuts the positioning pin 592, so that the movable magnet 6 is positioned at the first position.
  • the handle portion 82 When the movable magnet 6 is in the third position, the handle portion 82 is located above the positioning pin 591 and below the latch pin 571, and abuts against the positioning pin 591 and the latch pin 571, so that the movable magnet 6 is positioned at Third position.
  • the permanent magnet lifting device 1 is moved above the absorbent body 4, and the suction surface 3 is brought into contact with the upper surface of the absorbent body 4.
  • the handle 8 is located at the closed position on the right side, that is, the movable magnetic steel 6 In the first position, the magnetic field of the movable magnet 6 and the fixed magnet 5 is neutralized, so that the magnetic force generated on the suction surface 3 is zero magnetic force, and the suction body 4 is not sucked.
  • the handle 8 When the handle 8 is rotated to the position where the position pin 71 is set, the handle 8 abuts against the inclined surface 74 and pushes the inclined surface 74 when the operating member 73 is not operated, so that the locking pin 71 overcomes the elastic thrust of the spring 72 and The housing 2 is retracted so that the handle 8 can pass the position of the positioning pin 71.
  • the operator releases the handle 8, and the movable magnet 6 is subjected to a force that causes it to rotate clockwise under the magnetic field of the fixed magnet 5, so that the handle 8 also rotates clockwise.
  • the handle 8 is automatically rotated to the position where the card pin 71 is set, the handle 8 abuts against the face 75 of the card pin 71 opposite to the inclined surface 74 without being operated by the operation member 73, and is blocked by the card pin 71. Thereby positioned at the position where the card pin 71 is set, that is, the movable magnet 6 is positioned at the second position.
  • the permanent magnet lifting device 1 If the permanent magnet lifting device 1 is unable to lift the suction body 4, it means that the ratio of the maximum suction force and the workpiece weight which can be generated by the permanent magnet lifting device 1 when lifting in the third position is smaller than the ratio set by the second position. , so remind and warn the operator whether to lift the suction body 4. At this time, the operator operates the operating member 73 to retract the latch pin 71 into the housing 2 while rotating the handle 8 clockwise and continuing to rotate to the closed position by the position of the latch pin 71. If the permanent magnet lifting device 1 is capable of lifting the absorbent body 4, it is indicated that the ratio of the maximum suction force and the workpiece weight that the permanent magnet lifting device 1 can produce for this particular condition can be set to or exceed the second position. The ratio.
  • the operator can continue to rotate the handle 8 counterclockwise.
  • the handle 8 When the handle 8 is rotated to the position where the position pin 571 is set, the handle 8 abuts against the slope 574 and pushes the slope 574 when the operation member 573 is not operated.
  • the latch pin 571 overcomes the elastic thrust of the spring and is retracted into the housing 2 so that the handle 8 can pass the position of the latch pin 571.
  • the handle 8 is rotated to the left open position, that is, the movable magnet 6 is rotated to the third position.
  • the handle portion 82 of the handle 8 is located above the positioning pin 591 and below the locking pin 571, the handle 8 abuts the positioning pin 591, and the handle 8 is also engaged with the locking pin 571 in the case where the operating member 573 is not operated.
  • the opposite face 575 of the ramp 574 abuts so that the handle 8 is positioned, i.e., the movable magnet 6 is positioned in the third position.
  • the magnetic field of the fixed magnet 5 is superimposed on the magnetic field of the movable magnet 6, and the magnetic force generated on the suction surface 3 is the maximum magnetic force, thereby sucking the absorbent body 4.
  • the operator lifts the third position of the absorbent body 4.
  • the operating member 573 When the absorbent body 4 is lifted to a prescribed location, after the operator lowers the workpiece, the operating member 573 is first operated to retract the latching pin 571 into the housing 2 while the handle 8 is rotated clockwise to pass the latching position. The position of the pin 571 is rotated to the position of the latch pin 71, and then the operating member 73 is operated to retract the latch pin 71 into the housing 2, thereby causing the handle 8 to continue to rotate to the closed position by the position of the latch pin 71. position.
  • the sixth embodiment differs from the structure of the fifth embodiment in that the magnetic steel portion is fixed.
  • the fixed magnets 651, 652 and the movable magnet 6 are each in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and a pair of fixed magnets 651, 652 are integrally connected to both sides in the width direction of the insulator 653, and are fixed to the upper half of the casing 2 .
  • the width direction of the insulator 653 coincides with the left-right direction, and the longitudinal direction coincides with the front-rear direction, and the height direction coincides with the vertical direction.
  • the plane formed by the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the insulator 653 is parallel to the plane in which the suction surface 3 is located, and the S pole and the N pole of the fixed magnets 651 and 652 are respectively located on the side opposite to the plane in which the suction surface 3 is located and On the opposite side of the side, and the polarities of the fixed magnets 651, 652 are opposite, that is, the S pole of the fixed magnet 651 and the N pole of the fixed magnet 652 are located on the side opposite to the plane in which the suction surface 3 is located, the fixed magnetic The N pole of the steel 651 and the S pole of the fixed magnet 652 are located on the opposite side of the side.
  • the movable magnet 6 is disposed in the lower half of the casing 2 and is located at the center of the permanent magnet lifting device 1 in the left-right direction.
  • the two sides in the width direction of the movable magnet 6 are S pole and N pole, respectively.
  • the steel 6 is rotatable about its own centerline 62 parallel to its length, the centerline 62 being located substantially in the plane of the center plane 654 which bisects the insulator 653 along the height of the insulator 653.
  • the center surface 61 of the movable magnet 6 that bisects the movable magnet 6 in its height direction is substantially aligned with the center plane 654 of the insulator 653 (if the magnetic energy of the movable magnet 6 is Greater than fixed magnet
  • the total magnetic energy of 651, 652, the central surface 61 of the movable magnet 6 may be at a small angle with the central surface 654 of the insulating member 653.
  • the magnetic energy of the movable magnetic steel 6 is partially short-circuited, and the remaining magnetic energy is
  • the magnetic properties of the fixed magnets 651, 652 are neutralized and are substantially in the same plane.
  • the movable magnet 6 is disposed such that its width direction coincides with the left and right direction, and its height direction coincides with the up and down direction.
  • the fixed magnet 651 is located on the N pole side of the movable magnet 6, and the side of the fixed magnet 651 near the movable magnet 6 is the S pole, and the fixed magnet 652 is located on the S pole side of the movable magnet 6. And the side of the fixed magnet 652 near the movable magnet 6, that is, the lower side is the N pole.
  • the direction of the magnetic field generated by the fixed magnets 651, 652 is completely opposite to the direction of the magnetic field generated by the movable magnet 6, as shown by the magnetic lines of FIG. 25, the magnetic fields are mutually neutralized, and the magnetic force generated on the suction surface 3 is Zero magnetic force does not attract the absorbent body 4.
  • the center plane 61 of the movable magnet 6 is at a predetermined angle with the center plane 654 of the insulator 653.
  • a part of the magnetic fields of the fixed magnetic fields 651, 652 and the movable magnetic steel 6 are short-circuited to the casing by the magnetic core body in the permanent magnet lifting device 1, and the magnetic field directions of the other portions coincide with each other.
  • test suction magnetic force for the test solution body 4 is generated for the suction surface 3, and the test suction magnetic force is greater than the zero magnetic force and smaller than the maximum magnetic force, preferably within the range of 10%-90% of the maximum magnetic force, preferably It is 50% of the maximum magnetic force.
  • the absorbent body 4 was tested for suction.
  • the center plane 61 of the movable magnet 6 is substantially aligned with the center plane 654 of the insulator 653 and is substantially in the same plane.
  • the movable magnet 6 is disposed such that its width direction coincides with the left and right direction, and its height direction coincides with the up and down direction.
  • the fixed magnet 651 is located on the S pole side of the movable magnet 6, and the fixed magnet 651 is adjacent to the side of the movable magnet 6, that is, the lower side is the S pole, and the fixed magnet 652 is located on the N pole side of the movable magnet 6, and The fixed magnet 652 is adjacent to the side of the movable magnet 6, that is, the lower side is an N pole.
  • the direction of the magnetic field generated by the fixed magnets 651 and 652 coincides with the direction of the magnetic field generated by the movable magnet 6, and as shown by the magnetic lines of FIG. 27, the magnetic fields are superimposed on each other, and the magnetic force generated on the suction surface 3 is the maximum magnetic force. Thereby, the absorbent body 4 is sucked.
  • the movable magnetic steel is positioned at the second position by the second position locating mechanism, so that the test suction magnetic force is greater than the zero magnetic force and smaller than the maximum magnetic force, so that the operator can perform the test suction.
  • the operation is convenient, and the safety hazard that occurs when lifting in the third position can be completely eliminated by the operation of the test suction.
  • the fixed magnet is located above the movable magnet.
  • the invention is not limited thereto, and the fixed magnet may also be located below the movable magnet.
  • the fixed magnetic steel is fixed vertically or horizontally in the casing.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and as shown in Fig. 28, the fixed magnets 751 and 752 may be fixed in the housing in an inclined manner in a figure-eight shape.
  • the fixed magnetic steels 751, 752 and the movable magnetic steel 6 are each in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and the pair of fixed magnetic steels 751, 752 are symmetrically inclined in a figure-eight shape with respect to a central plane perpendicular to the suction surface 3, a pair of fixed magnetic
  • the opposite left and right sides of the steel 751 and 752 are the S pole and the N pole, respectively, and the left and right sides of the opposite phase are the N pole and the S pole respectively, and the two sides in the width direction of the movable magnet steel 6 are the S pole and the N pole, respectively.
  • the movable magnet 6 is rotatable about its own center line 62 parallel to its length.
  • the movable magnet 6 When the movable magnet 6 is rotated to the first position, the movable magnet 6 is halved to the center of the movable magnet 6 along its height direction.
  • the face 61 is substantially aligned with the center plane perpendicular to the suction face 3 and is substantially in the same plane.
  • the left side of the opposite left and right sides of the pair of fixed magnets 751, 752 is the S pole, the movable magnet 6 and the left side.
  • the opposite side is the N pole
  • the right side of the pair of fixed magnets 751, 752 is the N pole on the right side
  • the other side of the movable magnet 6 is the S pole (of course, the movable magnet 6 and the fixed magnet
  • the polarity of the magnets 751, 752 can also be reversed from the above description.
  • the left side of the opposite sides of the pair of fixed magnets 751, 752 is the S pole, and the side of the movable magnet 6 opposite to the side is the S pole, and the opposite sides of the pair of fixed magnets 751, 752
  • the right side of the movable magnet 6 is the N pole, and the other side of the movable magnet 6 is the N pole. .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)

Description

说 明 书
永磁起重装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种永磁起重装置, 尤其涉及一种具有壳体、 固定磁钢、 活动磁钢, 并能 够使用吸合面来吸合物体的永磁起重装置。 背景技术
目前市场上的永磁起重装置在理想条件下大多具有 3倍的安全起重系数。 例如, 若 一永磁起重装置的标称起重为 250公斤,则它在理想条件下的最大吸合力可达到 750公斤, 也就是说在理想条件下所产生的最大吸合力与标称起重的比值能达到 3倍, 这就是我们所 说的安全起重系数。 由于永磁起重装置所能产生的最大吸合力与许多因素有关, 例如工件 的材质、 尺寸、 表面状况以及工件与永磁起重装置的接触面积等, 所以同一永磁起重装置 在每一特定条件下所能产生的最大吸合力都有可能不同, 一个标称起重为 250公斤的永磁 起重装置在某一特定条件下所能产生的最大吸合力也有可能小于 250公斤。 因为操作者无 法知道某一标称起重的永磁起重装置在每一特定条件下所能提供的最大吸合力, 所以即使 工件的重量小于标称起重值,即使能将工件吸吊起来,也不能肯定是否能将之安全地运行, 因为有可能是刚好能将工件吸吊起来的临界状态, 随着工件在运行中受到由于加速度而产 生的外力, 工件很有可能会坠落, 造成安全隐患。
所以, 如果操作者知道每一特定条件下永磁起重装置所能产生的最大吸合力与工件重 量的比值是否达到或超过一定的数值, 那么操作者就知道在这一特定条件下起吊这一工件 是否安全。 至于这一比值达到多少数值才能保障安全则取决于运行该永磁起重装置的起吊 机构的运行参数, 这一内容不在本专利的讨论范围之内, 但一般来说可将该比值设定为 2, 也就是当永磁起重装置所能产生的最大吸合力与工件重量的比值达到或超过 2时, 基本能 杜绝安全隐患。 发明内容
鉴于上述的问题, 本发明提供了一种永磁起重装置,可以使操作者进行试吸合的操作 方便, 同时还能知道该特定条件下永磁起重装置所能产生的最大吸合力与工件重量的比值 是否达到或超过 2倍或 3倍或其他特定数值, 通过试吸合的操作能够彻底杜绝安全隐患。
本发明的技术方案 1是, 该永磁起重装置, 具有: 壳体, 在其下部具有吸合物体的吸 合面; 固定磁钢, 相对于壳体固定地设置在该壳体内; 活动磁钢, 相对于固定磁钢能活动 地设置在该壳体内, 当活动磁钢相对于固定磁钢位于第一位置时, 使固定磁钢和活动磁钢 对吸合面产生的磁力为零磁力, 当活动磁钢相对于固定磁钢位于第三位置时, 使固定磁钢 和活动磁钢对吸合面产生的磁力为最大磁力, 其特征在于, 该永磁起重装置还具有第二位 置定位机构, 该第二位置定位机构将所述活动磁钢定位在相对于固定磁钢的第二位置时, 固定磁钢和活动磁钢对吸合面产生试吸合物体用的试吸合磁力, 该试吸合磁力大于所述零 磁力并小于所述最大磁力。
本发明的技术方案 2是, 所述固定磁钢和所述活动磁钢均呈长方体状, 所述固定磁钢 的高度方向垂直于所述吸合面所在的平面, 所述固定磁钢的宽度方向上的两侧分别为 S极 和 N极, 所述活动磁钢的宽度方向上的两侧分别为 S极和 N极, 所述活动磁钢能绕平行 其长度方向的自身中心线转动, 当所述活动磁钢转动到所述第一位置时, 所述活动磁钢的 N极和所述固定磁钢的 S极位于所述固定磁钢的宽度方向上的一侧, 所述活动磁钢的 S极 和所述固定磁钢的 N极位于所述固定磁钢的宽度方向上的另一侧,当所述活动磁钢转动到 所述第二位置时, 所述活动磁钢的沿其高度方向将活动磁钢加以平分的中心面与所述固定 磁钢的沿其高度方向将固定磁钢加以平分的中心面呈预定的夹角, 当所述活动磁钢转动到 所述第三位置时, 所述活动磁钢的 S极和所述固定磁钢的 S极位于所述固定磁钢的宽度方 向上的一侧,所述活动磁钢的 N极和所述固定磁钢的 N极位于所述固定磁钢的宽度方向上 的另一侧。
本发明的技术方案 3是, 所述固定磁钢和所述活动磁钢均呈长方体状, 一对所述固定 磁钢连接在绝缘体的宽度方向上的两侧而形成一体, 并且该绝缘体的长度方向和宽度方向 所形成的平面平行于所述吸合面所在的平面,所述固定磁钢的 S极和 N极分别位于与所述 吸合面所在的平面相对的一侧和该侧的相反侧, 并且一对所述固定磁钢的极性相反, 所述 活动磁钢的宽度方向上的两侧分别为 S极和 N极,所述活动磁钢能绕平行其长度方向的自 身中心线转动, 当所述活动磁钢转动到所述第一位置时, 一对所述固定磁钢中的一个位于 所述活动磁钢的 N极侧, 并且该固定磁钢靠近所述活动磁钢的一侧为 S极, 一对所述固定 磁钢中的另一个位于所述活动磁钢的 S极侧, 并且该固定磁钢靠近所述活动磁钢的一侧为 N极, 当所述活动磁钢转动到所述第二位置时, 所述活动磁钢的沿其高度方向将活动磁钢 加以平分的中心面与所述绝缘件的沿其高度方向将绝缘件加以平分的中心面呈预定的夹 角, 当所述活动磁钢转动到所述第三位置时, 一对所述固定磁钢中的一个位于所述活动磁 钢的 S极侧, 并且该固定磁钢靠近所述活动磁钢的一侧为 S极, 一对所述固定磁钢中的另 一个位于所述活动磁钢的 N极侧, 并且该固定磁钢靠近所述活动磁钢的一侧为 N极。
本发明的技术方案 4是, 所述固定磁钢和所述活动磁钢均呈长方体状, 一对所述固定 磁钢相对于垂直于所述吸合面的中心面对称地倾斜成八字形, 一对所述固定磁钢中相对的 两侧分别为 S极和 N极, 相背的两侧分别为 N极和 S极, 所述活动磁钢的宽度方向上的 两侧分别为 S极和 N极,所述活动磁钢能绕平行其长度方向的自身中心线转动, 当所述活 动磁钢转动到所述第一位置时, 一对所述固定磁钢的相对的两侧中的一侧为 S极, 所述活 动磁钢与该侧相对的一侧为 N极,一对所述固定磁钢的相对的两侧中的另一侧为 N极,所 述活动磁钢的另一侧为 S极, 当所述活动磁钢转动到所述第二位置时, 所述活动磁钢的沿 其高度方向将活动磁钢加以平分的中心面与垂直于所述吸合面的中心面呈预定的夹角, 当 所述活动磁钢转动到所述第三位置时, 一对所述固定磁钢的相对的两侧中的一侧为 S极, 所述活动磁钢与该侧相对的一侧为 S极, 一对所述固定磁钢的相对的两侧中的另一侧为 N 极, 所述活动磁钢的另一侧为 N极。
本发明的技术方案 5是, 该永磁起重装置还具有手柄, 该手柄供操作者在所述壳体外 手动操作, 以带动所述活动磁钢转动到所述第一位置、 所述第二位置或所述第三位置。
本发明的技术方案 6是, 所述第二位置定位机构包括: 第一卡位销, 设置在所述手柄 带动所述活动磁钢从所述第一位置转动到所述第三位置的过程中所述壳体的与所述手柄 移动路径对应的部分上; 第一弹簧, 对该第一卡位销施加弹性推力而使该第一卡位销在常 态下从壳体向外突出; 和操作件, 露出到所述壳体外供操作者操作以使所述第一卡位销克 服所述第一弹簧的弹性推力而缩入到所述壳体内。
本发明的技术方案 7是, 所述第一卡位销的前端部具有斜面, 在所述手柄带动活动磁 钢以从所述第一位置向所述第三位置的方向转动的过程中, 当所述手柄移动到设置所述第 一卡位销的位置时, 所述手柄在所述操作件未被操作的情况下与所述斜面抵接并推压该斜 面而使所述第一卡位销克服所述第一弹簧的弹性推力并缩入所述壳体内, 使所述手柄能通 过设置所述第一卡位销的位置, 在所述手柄带动活动磁钢以从所述第三位置向所述第一位 置的方向转动的过程中, 当所述手柄移动到设置所述第一卡位销的位置时, 所述手柄在所 述操作件未被操作的情况下与所述第一卡位销的与所述斜面相反的面抵接而被该第一卡 位销挡住, 定位在设置所述第一卡位销的位置。 本发明的技术方案 8是, 所述第一卡位销的后端部与所述第一弹簧抵接, 所述第一卡 位销的中间部分上一体地连接有所述操作件, 所述斜面为通过与所述第一卡位销轴线相交 地切割第一卡位销前端部而形成的斜平面。
本发明的技术方案 9是, 所述第一卡位销的前端部不具有斜面, 在所述手柄带动活动 磁钢以从所述第一位置向所述第三位置的方向转动的过程中, 当所述手柄移动到设置所述 第一卡位销的位置时, 所述手柄在所述操作件未被操作的情况下与所述第一卡位销的前端 部抵接, 不能通过设置所述第一卡位销的位置, 在所述操作件被操作的情况下所述第一卡 位销克服所述第一弹簧的弹性推力并縮入所述壳体内, 所述手柄能通过设置所述第一卡位 销的位置, 在所述手柄带动活动磁钢以从所述第三位置向所述第一位置的方向转动的过程 中, 当所述手柄移动到设置所述第一卡位销的位置时, 所述手柄在所述操作件未被操作的 情况下与所述第一卡位销的前端部抵接而被该第一卡位销挡住, 定位在设置所述第一卡位 销的位置。
本发明的技术方案 10是, 所述第二位置定位机构包括: 第二卡位销, 该第二卡位销 固定设置在所述手柄带动所述活动磁钢从所述第一位置转动到所述第三位置的过程中所 述壳体的与所述手柄移动路径对应的部分上,从所述壳体向外突出,所述手柄包括:挡块, 从所述手柄的外周面向壳体侧突出; 按压件, 通过棒状体与所述挡块连接, 并突出到所述 手柄外一定距离供操作者按压以使挡块移动; 第二弹簧, 对该按压件施加弹性推力, 以使 该按压件在常态下保持突出到所述手柄外一定距离的状态。
本发明的技术方案 11 是, 在所述手柄带动活动磁钢以从所述第一位置向所述第三位 置的方向转动或从所述第三位置向所述第一位置的方向转动的过程中, 当所述手柄移动到 设置所述第二卡位销的位置时, 在所述按压件未被按压的情况下所述手柄的所述挡块与所 述第二卡位销抵接, 从而所述手柄被所述第二卡位销挡住, 在所述按压件被操作者按压的 情况下所述挡块移动而避免与所述第二卡位销抵接, 从而使所述手柄能通过设置所述第二 卡位销的位置。
本发明的技术方案 12是, 所述试吸合磁力在所述最大磁力的 10%-90%范围内。
本发明的技术方案 13是, 所述试吸合磁力为所述最大磁力的 50%。
在本发明的技术方案中, 利用第二位置定位机构将活动磁钢定位在第二位置, 使试吸 合磁力大于零磁力并小于最大磁力, 可以使操作者进行试吸合的操作方便, 同时还能知道 该特定条件下永磁起重装置所能产生的最大吸合力与工件重量的比值是否达到或超过 2倍 或 3倍或其他特定数值, 通过试吸合的操作能够彻底杜绝安全隐患。 附图说明
图 1是本发明的第一实施例的永磁起重装置的活动磁钢位于第一位置时该永磁起重装 置的外观立体图。
图 2是同实施例的永磁起重装置的活动磁钢位于第二位置时该永磁起重装置的外观立 体图。
图 3是同实施例的永磁起重装置的活动磁钢位于第三位置时该永磁起重装置的外观立 体图。
图 4是同实施例的永磁起重装置位于第一位置时该永磁起重装置和工件的内部的磁力 线的示意图。
图 5是同实施例的永磁起重装置位于第二位置时该永磁起重装置和工件的内部的磁力 线的示意图。
图 6是同实施例的永磁起重装置位于第三位置时该永磁起重装置和工件的内部的磁力 线的示意图。
图 7是同实施例的永磁起重装置的纵向局部剖面图。
图 8是本发明的第二实施例的永磁起重装置的外观立体图。
图 9是同实施例的永磁起重装置位于第一位置时该永磁起重装置和工件的内部的磁力 线的示意图。
图 10是同实施例的永磁起重装置位于第二位置时该永磁起熏装置和工件的内部的磁 力线的示意图。
图 11 是同实施例的永磁起重装置位于第三位置时该永磁起重装置和工件的内部的磁 力线的示意图。
图 12是本发明的第三实施例的永磁起重装置的外观立体图。
图 13 是同实施例的永磁起重装置位于第一位置时该永磁起重装置和工件的内部的磁 力线的示意图。
图 14是同实施例的永磁起重装置位于第二位置时该永磁起重装置和工件的内部的磁 力线的示意图。
图 15 是同实施例的永磁起重装置位于第三位置时该永磁起重装置和工件的内部的磁 力线的示意图。
图 16是本发明的第四实施例的永磁起重装置的外观立体图。 图 17是同实施例的永磁起重装置位于第一位置时该永磁起重装置和工件的内部的磁 力线的示意图。
图 18是同实施例的永磁起重装置位于第二位置时该永磁起重装置和工件的内部的磁 力线的示意图。
图 19是同实施例的永磁起重装置位于第三位置时该永磁起重装置和工件的内部的磁 力线的示意图。
图 20是本发明的第五实施例的永磁起重装置的外观立体图。
图 21 是同实施例的永磁起重装置位于第一位置时该永磁起重装置和工件的内部的磁 力线的示意图。
图 22是同实施例的永磁起重装置位于第二位置时该永磁起重装置和工件的内部的磁 力线的示意图。
图 23 是同实施例的永磁起重装置位于第三位置时该永磁起重装置和工件的内部的磁 力线的示意图。
图 24是本发明的第六实施例的永磁起重装置的外观立体图。 .
图 25 是同实施例的永磁起重装置位于第一位置时该永磁起重装置和工件的内部的磁 力线的示意图。
图 26是同实施例的永磁起重装置位于第二位置时该永磁起重装置和工件的内部的磁 力线的示意图。
图 27是同实施例的永磁起重装置位于第三位置时该永磁起重装置和工件的内部的磁 力线的示意图。
图 28是一变形例的永磁起重装置位于第二位置时该永磁起重装置和工件的内部的磁 力线的示意图。 具体实施方式
参照附图 1-7对本发明的第一实施例进行详细说明。
永磁起重装置 1, 具有: 壳体 2, 在其下部具有吸合物体 4的吸合面 3 ; 固定磁钢 5, 相对于壳体 2固定地设置在该壳体 2内; 活动磁钢 6, 相对于固定磁钢 5能活动地设置在 该壳体 2内, 当活动磁钢 6相对于固定磁钢 5位于第一位置时, 使固定磁钢 5和活动磁钢 6对吸合面 3产生的磁力为零磁力, 当活动磁钢 6相对于固定磁钢 5位于第三位置时, 使 固定磁钢 5和活动磁钢 6对吸合面 3产生的磁力为最大磁力, 该永磁起重装置 1还具有第 二位置定位机构 7, 该第二位置定位机构 7将活动磁钢 6定位在相对于固定磁钢 5的第二 位置时, 固定磁钢 5和活动磁钢 6对吸合面 3产生试吸合物体 4用的试吸合磁力, 该试吸 合磁力大于零磁力并小于最大磁力。 所述试吸合磁力较好在最大磁力的 10%-90%范围内。 所述试吸合磁力最好为最大磁力的 50%, 也就是说, 若用第二位置试吸合磁力能起吊起某 一工件时, 则能确定在该特定条件下永磁起重装置用第三位置所能产生的最大吸合力与工 件重量的比值一定达到或超过第二位置所设定的比值, 即 1/50%, 即 2倍。 同样若第二位 置所设定的试吸合磁力为最大磁力的 30%时, 那么第二位置所设定的比值, 即 1/30%, 即 3.33倍。
吸合面 3具体为壳体 2的下表面的左右对称的两部分, 呈平面状。
固定磁钢 5和活动磁钢 6均呈长方体状。 固定磁钢 5固定在壳体 2内的上半部分, 并 且位于永磁起重装置 1的左右方向的中央, 该固定磁钢 5固定成其高度方向垂直于吸合面 3 所在的平面, 其高度方向与上下方向一致, 其宽度方向与左右方向一致, 其长度方向与 前后方向一致。 固定磁钢 5的宽度方向上的两侧分别为 S极和 N极。活动磁钢 6的宽度方 向上的两侧分别为 S极和 N极,活动磁钢 6设置在壳体 2内的下半部分, 并且位于永磁起 重装置 1的左右方向的中央, 该活动磁钢 6设置成其长度方向与前后方向一致, 并且能绕 平行其长度方向的自身中心线 62转动, 该中心线 62大致位于沿固定磁钢 5的高度方向将 固定磁钢 5加以平分的中心面 51所在的平面上。
当活动磁钢 6转动到第一位置时, 活动磁钢 6的沿其高度方向将活动磁钢 6加以平分 的中心面 61与固定磁钢 5的中心面 51大致对齐 (如果活动磁钢 6的磁能大于固定磁钢 5 的磁能的话, 活动磁钢 6的中心面 61可以与固定磁钢 5的中心面 51呈一较小的角度, 此 时活动磁钢 6的磁能在部分短路后, 剩下的磁能与固定磁钢 5的磁能中和), 并大致位于 同一平面, 活动磁钢 6设置成其宽度方向与左右方向一致, 其高度方向与上下方向一致, 并且活动磁钢 6的 N极和固定磁钢 5的 S极位于固定磁钢 5的左侧,活动磁钢 6的 S极和 固定磁钢 5的 N极位于固定磁钢 5的右侧。 当然,'活动磁钢 6和固定磁钢 5的极性也可以 与上述的描述都相反。 此时, 固定磁钢 5所产生的磁场方向与活动磁钢 6所产生的磁场的 方向完全相反, 如图 4的磁力线所示, 两个磁场中和, 对吸合面 3产生的磁力为零磁力, 不会对吸合物体 4进行吸合。
当活动磁钢 6转动到第二位置时, 活动磁钢 6的中心面 61与固定磁钢 5的中心面 51 呈预定的夹角。 此时, 如图 5的磁力线所示, 固定磁钢 5的一部分通过磁芯体 81的由铁 制成的部分短路, 活动磁钢 6的一部分通过壳体 2的由铁制成的部分短路, 它们的另一部 分的磁场方向一致, 两个磁场叠加, 对吸合面 3产生试吸合物体 4用的试吸合磁力, 该试 吸合磁力大于零磁力并小于最大磁力, 较好在最大磁力的 10%-90%范围内, 最好为最大磁 力的 50%。 对吸合物体 4进行试吸合。
当活动磁钢 6转动到第三位置时, 活动磁钢 6的中心面 61与固定磁钢 5的中心面 51 大致对齐, 并大致位于同一平面, 活动磁钢 6设置成其宽度方向与左右方向一致, 其高度 方向与上下方向一致,并且活动磁钢 6的 S极和固定磁钢 5的 S极位于固定磁钢 5的左侧, 活动磁钢 6的 N极和固定磁钢 5的 N极位于固定磁钢 5的右侧。此时, 固定磁钢 5所产生 的磁场方向与活动磁钢 6所产生的磁场的方向一致,如图 6的磁力线所示,两个磁场叠加, 对吸合面 3产生的磁力为最大磁力, 从而对吸合物体 4进行吸合。
该永磁起重装置 1还具有手柄 8, 该手柄 8供操作者在壳体 2外手动操作, 以带动活 动磁钢 6转动到第一位置、 第二位置或第三位置。 该手柄 8具有: 磁芯体 81, 该磁芯体 81的一部分内固定设置有活动磁钢 6, 该部分插入到壳体 2的内部设置的孔 21 内, 该磁 芯体 81的另一部分从壳体 2向外露出, 在该另一部分上沿径向地设置有贯通孔 83 ; 把手 部 82, 该把手部 82的一端部供操作者在壳体 2外手动操作, 另一端部插入并穿过该贯通 孔 83。 操作者通过握住把手部 82使其转动, 从而带动磁芯体 81转动, 最终活动磁钢 6随 着磁芯体 81转动而转动。
第二位置定位机构 7包括:卡位销 71,设置在手柄 8带动活动磁钢 6从第一位置转动 到第三位置的过程中壳体 2的与手柄移动路径对应的部分上; 弹簧 72, 对该卡位销 71施 加弹性推力而使该卡位销 71在常态下从壳体 2向外突出; 和操作件 73, 露出到壳体 2外 供操作者操作以使卡位销 71克服弹簧 72的弹性推力而缩入到壳体 2内。
卡位销 71的前端部具有斜面 74, 在手柄 8带动活动磁钢 6以从第一位置向第三位置 的方向转动的过程中, 当手柄 8移动到设置卡位销 71的位置时, 手柄 8在操作件 73未被 操作的情况下与斜面 74抵接并推压该斜面 74而使卡位销 71克服弹簧 72的弹性推力并缩 入壳体 2内, 使手柄 8能通过设置卡位销 71的位置, 在手柄 8带动活动磁钢 6以从第三 位置向第一位置的方向转动的过程中, 当手柄 8移动到设置卡位销 71 的位置时, 手柄 8 在操作件 73未被操作的情况下与卡位销 71的与斜面 74相反的面 75抵接而被该卡位销 71 挡住, 定位在设置卡位销 71的位置。
在壳体 2前表面的与手柄移动路径对应的部分上开设有沿前后方向的深孔 22, 弹簧 72设置在该深孔 22内 , 该弹簧 72的后端部与该深孔 22的孔底抵接。卡位销 71的后端部 与弹簧 72的前端部抵接, 卡位销 71的中间部分上一体地连接有操作件 73, 斜面 74为通 过与卡位销 71的轴线相交地切割卡位销 71前端部而形成的斜平面, 即斜面 74为随着从 后向前而从右向左倾斜的斜面。
卡位销 71的前端部也可以不具有斜面, 在这种结构中, 在手柄 8带动活动磁钢 6以 从第一位置向第三位置的方向转动的过程中, 当手柄 8移动到设置卡位销 71的位置时, 手柄 8在操作件 73未被操作的情况下与卡位销 71的前端部抵接,不能通过设置卡位销 71 的位置, 在操作件 73被操作的情况下卡位销 71克服弹簧 72的弹性推力并缩入壳体 2内, 手柄 8能通过设置卡位销 71的位置, 在手柄 8带动活动磁钢 6以从第三位置向第一位置 的方向转动的过程中, 当手柄 8移动到设置卡位销 71的位置时, 手柄 8在操作件 73未被 操作的情况下与卡位销 71的前端部抵接而被该卡位销 71挡住, 定位在设置卡位销 71的 位置。
第一位置和第三位置定位机构 9通过螺钉安装在壳体 2的前表面, 并位于手柄 8的磁 芯体 81的正下方, 并与该磁芯体 81邻接, 当然第一位置和第三位置定位机构 9也可以与 壳体 2形成为一体。 该第一位置和第三位置定位机构 9呈大致凹字形。 当活动磁钢 6位于 第一位置和第三位置时, 把手部 82的另一端部在弹簧 91的推力作用下突出到第一位置和 第三位置定位机构 9的左右两侧台阶正上方, 把手部 82的转动被第一位置和第三位置定 位机构 9的左右两侧台阶所阻止, 从而活动磁钢 6被定位在第一位置和第三位置。 当操作 者要转动手柄 8时, 必须克服弹簧 91的推力而拉动把手部 82的另一端部使其离开左右两 侧台阶正上方, 才能进行转动。
以下, 对操作者利用本发明的永磁起重装置 1对吸合物体 4进行起吊的操作过程进行 说明。 .
首先, 将永磁起重装置 1移动到吸合物体 4的上方, 使吸合面 3与吸合物体 4的上表 面接触, 此时, 手柄 8位于右侧的关闭位置, 即活动磁钢 6位于第一位置, 活动磁钢 6和 固定磁钢 5的磁场中和, 所以对吸合面 3产生的磁力为零磁力, 不会对吸合物体 4进行吸 合。
然后, 操作者拉动把手部 82的另一端部使其离幵第一位置和第三位置定位机构 9的 左侧台阶正上方, 使手柄 8逆时针转动。
当手柄 8转动到设置卡位销 71的位置时, 手柄 8在操作件 73未被操作的情况下与斜 面 74抵接并推压该斜面 74而使卡位销 71克服弹簧 72的弹性推力并缩入壳体 2内, 使手 柄 8能通过设置卡位销 71的位置。 .
此时, 操作者放幵手柄 8, 活动磁钢 6在固定磁钢 5的磁场作用下, 受到使其顺时针 转动的力, 从而使手柄 8也顺时针转动。 当手柄 8 自动转动到设置卡位销 71的位置时, 手柄 8在操作件 73未被操作的情况下与卡位销 71的与斜面 74相反的面 75抵接而被该卡 位销 71挡住, 从而定位在设置卡位销 71的位置, 即活动磁钢 6被定位在第二位置。 此时 固定磁钢 5和活动磁钢 6的磁场的一部分通过永磁起重装置 1内的磁芯体 81与壳体 2短 路, 另一部分的磁场方向一致, 两个磁场叠加, 对吸合面 3产生试吸合物体 4用的试吸合 磁力。 操作者提升永磁起重装置 1进行试吊重。
如果永磁起重装置 1不能够吊起吸合物体 4, 则说明第三位置起吊时永磁起重装置 1 所能产生的最大吸合力与工件重量的比值小于第二位置所设定的比值, 所以提醒并警告操 作者是否对吸合物体 4的起吊。 此时, 操作者操作操作件 73, 以使卡位销 71缩回到壳体 2内, 同时使手柄 8顺时针转动并通过卡位销 71的位置继续转动到关闭位置。
如果永磁起重装置 1能够吊起吸合物体 4, 则说明永磁起重装置 1针对这一特定条件 所能产生的最大吸合力与工件重量的比值能够达到或超过第二位置所设定的比值。 操作者 可将手柄 8继续逆时针转动, 直到该手柄 8转动到左侧的打开位置, 即活动磁钢 6转动到 第三位置, 操作者放幵手柄 8, 把手部 82的另一端部在弹簧 91的推力作用下突出到第一 位置和第三位置定位机构 9的右侧台阶正上方, 把手部 82的转动被第一位置和第三位置 定位机构 9的左右两侧台阶所阻止, 从而被定位, 即活动磁钢 6定位在第三位置。 此时, 固定磁钢 5的磁场与活动磁钢 6的磁场叠加, 对吸合面 3产生的磁力为最大磁力, 从而对 吸合物体 4进行吸合。 操作者对吸合物体 4进行第三位置的起吊。
当将吸合物体 4起吊到了规定的地点时, 操作者放下工件, 拉出手柄, 使位于打幵位 置的手柄 8顺时针转动到卡位销 71的位置, 并操作操作件 73, 以使卡位销 71缩回到壳体 2内, 从而使手柄 8通过卡位销 71的位置继续转动到关闭位置。
下面, 参照附图 8-11对本发明的第二实施例进行详细说明。
在第二实施例中, 与第一实施例相同的结构标上相同的标号, 并省略说明。
第二实施例与第一实施例的结构的不同点在于固定磁钢部分。 固定磁钢 251、 252和 活动磁钢 6均呈长方体状, 一对固定磁钢 251、 252连接在绝缘体 253的宽度方向上的两 侧而形成一体, 并固定在壳体 2内的上半部分。 绝缘体 253的宽度方向与左右方向一致, 长度方向与前后方向一致, 高度方向与上下方向一致。 该绝缘体 253的长度方向和宽度方 向所形成的平面平行于吸合面 3所在的平面, 固定磁钢 251、 252的 S极和 N极分别位于 与吸合面 3所在的平面相对的一侧和该侧的相反侧, 并且固定磁钢 251、 252的极性相反, 即固定磁钢 251的 S极和固定磁钢 252的 N极位于与吸合面 3所在的平面相对的一侧,固 定磁钢 251的 N极和固定磁钢 252的 S极位于该侧的相反侧。活动磁钢 6设置在壳体 2内 的下半部分, 并且位于永磁起重装置 1的左右方向的中央, 活动磁钢 6的宽度方向上的两 侧分别为 S极和 N极, 活动磁钢 6能绕平行其长度方向的自身中心线 62转动, 该中心线 62大致位于沿绝缘件 253的高度方向将绝缘件 253加以平分的中心面 254所在的平面上。
当活动磁钢 6转动到第一位置时, 活动磁钢 6的沿其髙度方向将活动磁钢 6加以平分 的中心面 61与绝缘件 253的中心面 254大致对齐 (如果活动磁钢 6的磁能大于固定磁钢 251、 252的总和磁能的话, 活动磁钢 6的中心面 61可以与绝缘件 253的中心面 254呈一 较小的角度, 此时活动磁钢 6的磁能在部分短路后, 剩下的磁能与固定磁钢 251、 252的 磁能中和), 并大致位于同一平面。 活动磁钢 6设置成其宽度方向与左右方向一致, 其高 度方向与上下方向一致。 固定磁钢 251位于活动磁钢 6的 N极侧, 并且该固定磁钢 251靠 近活动磁钢 6的一侧即下侧为 S极, 固定磁钢 252位于所述活动磁钢 6的 S极侧, 并且该 固定磁钢 252靠近活动磁钢 6的一侧即下侧为 N极。 当然, 活动磁钢 6和固定磁钢 251、 252的极性也可以与上述的描述都相反。此时, 固定磁钢 251、 252所产生的磁场方向与活 动磁钢 6所产生的磁场的方向完全相反, 如图 9的磁力线所示, 磁场相互中和, 对吸合面 3产生的磁力为零磁力, 不会对吸合物体 4进行吸合。
当活动磁钢 6转动到第二位置时,活动磁钢 6的中心面 61与绝缘件 253的中心面 254 呈预定的夹角。 此时, 如图 10的磁力线所示, 固定磁钢 251、 252和活动磁钢 6的磁场的 一部分通过永磁起重装置 1内的磁芯体与壳体短路, 另一部分的磁场方向相互一致, 磁场 叠加, 对吸合面 3产生试吸合物体 4用的试吸合磁力, 该试吸合磁力大于零磁力并小于最 大磁力, 较好在最大磁力的 10%-90%范围内, 最好为最大磁力的 50%。对吸合物体 4进行 试吸合。
当活动磁钢 6转动到第三位置时,活动磁钢 6的中心面 61与绝缘件 253的中心面 254 大致对齐, 并大致位于同一平面。 活动磁钢 6设置成其宽度方向与左右方向一致, 其高度 方向与上下方向一致。 固定磁钢 251位于活动磁钢 6的 S极侧, 并且该固定磁钢 251靠近 活动磁钢 6的一侧即下侧为 S极, 固定磁钢 252位于活动磁钢 6的 N极侧, 并且该固定磁 钢 252靠近活动磁钢 6的一侧即下侧为 N极。 此时, 固定磁钢 251、 252所产生的磁场方 向与活动磁钢 6所产生的磁场的方向一致, 如图 11的磁力线所示,磁场相互叠加,对吸合 面 3产生的磁力为最大磁力, 从而对吸合物体 4进行吸合。
下面, 参照附图 12-15对本发明的第三实施例进行详细说明。
在第三实施例中, 与第一实施例相同的结构标上相同的标号, 并省略说明。 第三实施例与第一实; 例的结构的不同点在于手柄、 第二位置定位机构、 第一位置和 第三位置定位机构的结构。
第二位置定位机构即为卡位销 307, 该卡位销 307固定设置在手柄 8带动活动磁钢 6 从第一位置转动到第三位置的过程中壳体 2的与手柄 8移动路径对应的部分上, 从壳体 2 向外突出, 手柄 8包括: 挡块 383, 从手柄 8的外周面向壳体侧突出; 按压件 384, 通过 棒状体 386与挡块 383连接,并突出到手柄 8外一定距离供操作者按压以使挡块 383移动; 弹簧 385 , 对该按压件 384施加弹性推力, 以使该按压件 384在常态下保持突出到手柄 8 外一定距离的状态。
在手柄 8的把手部 382中沿其长度方向设有长孔 387,该长孔 387靠近磁芯体 81的一 段 (以下简称为内段) 的孔径和远离磁芯体 81 的一段 (以下简称为外段) 的孔径较大, 中间段的孔径较小。 挡块 383设置在长孔 387的内段中最靠近中间段的位置, 并通过插通 在上述中间段的棒状体 386与设置在长孔 387的外段的按压件 384连接, 该按压件 384的 一部分突出到手柄 8外一定距离。 弹簧 385的一端部抵接在长孔 387的中间段与外段的台 阶面上, 另一端部与按压件 384抵接, 从而对该按压件 384施加弹性推力, 以使该按压件 384在常态下保持突出到手柄 8外一定距离的状态。 并且在把手部 382的靠近壳体 2的表 面沿把手部 382的长度方向形成有槽部, 该槽部的位置与长孔 387的内段的位置相对应, 并与长孔 387的内段相连通, 挡块 383从该槽部突出到把手部 382外。 当操作者按压按压 件 384时, 该按压件 384克服弹簧的推压弹力而通过棒状体 386使挡块 383沿槽部向磁芯 体 81移动。
在手柄 8带动活动磁钢 6以从第一位置向第三位置的方向转动或从第三位置向第一位 置的方向转动的过程中, 当手柄 8移动到设置卡位销 307的位置时, 在按压件 384未被按 压的情况下手柄 8的挡块 383与卡位销 307抵接, 从而手柄 8被卡位销 307挡住, 在按压 件 384被操作者按压的情况下挡块 383移动而避免与卡位销 307抵接, 从而使手柄 8能通 过设置卡位销 307的位置。
第一位置和第三位置定位机构包括定位销 391、 392、卡位销 393。其中, 定位销 391、
392分别固定设置在壳体 2前表面的左右两侧的下部, 卡位销 393固定设置在壳体 2前表 面的左侧的中央部。 当活动磁钢 6位于第一位置时, 手柄 8在按压件 384未被按压的情况 下其挡块 383位于定位销 392的上方并与该定位销 392抵接, 从而活动磁钢 6被定位在第 一位置。当活动磁钢 6位于第三位置时,手柄 8在按压件 384未被按压的情况下其挡块 383 位于定位销 391的上方以及卡位销 393的下方, 并与该定位销 391、 卡位销 393抵接, 从 而活动磁钢 6被定位在第三位置。
以下, 对操作者利用本发明的永磁起重装置 1对吸合物体 4进行起吊的操作过程进行 说明。
首先, 将永磁起重装置 1移动到吸合物体 4的上方, 使吸合面 3与吸合物体 4的上表 面接触, 此时, 手柄 8位于右侧的关闭位置, 即活动磁钢 6位于第一位置, 活动磁钢 6和 固定磁钢 5的磁场中和, 所以对吸合面 3产生的磁力为零磁力, 不会对吸合物体 4进行吸 合。
然后, 操作者使手柄 8逆时针转动。
当手柄 8转动到设置卡位销 307的位置时, 操作者按压按压件 384, 使挡块 383向磁 芯体 81移动, 从而避免挡块 383与卡位销 307的抵接, 使手柄 8能通过设置卡位销 307 的位置。
此时, 操作者放开手柄 8, 活动磁钢 6在固定磁钢 5的磁场作用下, 受到使其顺时针 转动的力, 从而使手柄 8也顺时针转动。 当手柄 8自动转动到设置卡位销 307的位置时, 手柄 8在按压件 384未被按压的情况下与卡位销 307抵接而被该卡位销 307挡住, 从而定 位在设置卡位销 307的位置, 即活动磁钢 6被定位在第二位置。 此时固定磁钢 5和活动磁 钢 6的磁场的一部分通过永磁起重装置 1内的磁芯体与壳体短路, 另一部分的磁场方向一 致, 两个磁场叠加, 对吸合面 3产生试吸合物体 4用的试吸合磁力。 操作者提升永磁起重 装置 1进行试吊重。
如果永磁起重装置 1不能够吊起吸合物体 4, 则说明第三位置起吊时永磁起重装置 1 所能产生的最大吸合力与工件重量的比值小于第二位置所设定的比值, 所以提醒并警告操 作者是否对吸合物体 4的起吊。此时, 操作者按压按压件 384, 使挡块 383向磁芯体 81移 动, 从而避免与卡位销 307接触, 同时使手柄 8顺时针转动并通过卡位销 307的位置继续 转动到关闭位置。
如果永磁起重装置 1能够吊起吸合物体 4, 则说明永磁起重装置 1针对这一特定条件 所能产生的最大吸合力与工件重量的比值能够达到或超过第二位置所设定的比值。 操作者 可将手柄 8继续逆时针转动, 当转动到设置卡位销 393的位置时,操作者按压按压件 384, 使挡块 383向磁芯体 81移动而避免与卡位销 393接触, 使手柄 8能通过设置卡位销 393 的位置。 此时, 手柄 8转动到左侧的打开位置, 即活动磁钢 6转动到第三位置。 手柄 8的 挡块 383位于定位销 391的上方以及卡位销 393的下方, 在按压件 384未被按压的情况下 挡块 383与定位销 391、 卡位销 393抵接, 从而手柄 8被定位, 即活动磁钢 6定位在第三 位置。 此时, 固定磁钢 5的磁场与活动磁钢 6的磁场叠加, 对吸合面 3产生的磁力为最大 磁力, 从而对吸合物体 4进行吸合。 操作者对吸合物体 4进行第三位置的起吊。
当将吸合物体 4起吊到了规定的地点时, 操作者放下工件, 按压按压件 384, 使挡块 383向磁芯体 81移动而避免与卡位销 393接触, 同时使手柄 8顺时针转动, 通过卡位销 393的位置, 并转动到卡位销 307的位置, 并再次按压按压件 384, 以使挡块 383再次向 磁芯体 81移动, 避免与卡位销 307的接触, 从而使手柄 8通过卡位销 307的位置继续转 动到关闭位置。
下面, 参照附图 16-19对本发明的第四实施例进行详细说明。
在第四实施例中, 与第三实施例相同的结构标上相同的标号, 并省略说明。
第四实施例与第三实施例的结构的不同点在于固定磁钢部分。 固定磁钢 451、 452和 活动磁钢 6均呈长方体状, 一对固定磁钢 451、 452连接在绝缘体 453的宽度方向上的两 侧而形成一体, 并固定在壳体 2内的上半部分。 绝缘体 453的宽度方向与左右方向一致, 长度方向与前后方向一致, 高度方向与上下方向一致。 该绝缘体 453的长度方向和宽度方 向所形成的平面平行于吸合面 3所在的平面, 固定磁钢 451、 452的 S极和 N极分别位于 与吸合面 3所在的平面相对的一侧和该侧的相反侧,'并且固定磁钢 451、 452的极性相反, 即固定磁钢 451的 S极和固定磁钢 452的 N极位于与吸合面 3所在的平面相对的一侧,固 定磁钢 451的 N极和固定磁钢 452的 S极位于该侧的相反侧。活动磁钢 6设置在壳体 2内 的下半部分, 并且位于永磁起重装置 1的左右方向的中央, 活动磁钢 6的宽度方向上的两 侧分别为 S极和 N极, 活动磁钢 6能绕平行其长度方向的自身中心线 62转动, 该中心线 62大致位于沿绝缘件 453的高度方向将绝缘件 453加以平分的中心面 454所在的平面上。
当活动磁钢 6转动到第一位置时, 活动磁钢 6的沿其高度方向将活动磁钢 6加以平分 的中心面 61与绝缘件 453的中心面 454大致对齐 (如果活动磁钢 6的磁能大于固定磁钢 451、 452的总和磁能的话, 活动磁钢 6的中心面 61可以与绝缘件 453的中心面 454呈一 较小的角度, 此时活动磁钢 6的磁能在部分短路后, 剩下的磁能与固定磁钢 451、 452的 磁能中和), 并大致位于同一平面。 活动磁钢 6设置成其宽度方向与左右方向一致, 其高 度方向与上下方向一致。固定磁钢 451位于活动磁钢 6的 N极侧, 并且该固定磁钢 451靠 近活动磁钢 6的一侧即下侧为 S极, 固定磁钢 452位于所述活动磁钢 6的 S极侧, 并且该 固定磁钢 452靠近活动磁钢 6的一侧即下侧为 N极。 此时, 固定磁钢 451、 452所产生的 磁场方向与活动磁钢 6所产生的磁场的方向完全相反, 如图 17的磁力线所示, 磁场相互 中和, 对吸合面 3产生的磁力为零磁力, 不会对吸合物体 4进行吸合。 当活动磁钢 6转动到第二位置时,活动磁钢 6的中心面 61与绝缘件 453的中心面 454 呈预定的夹角。 此时, 如图 18的磁力线所示, 固定磁场 451、 452和活动磁钢 6的磁场的 一部分通过永磁起重装置 1内的磁芯体与壳体短路, 另一部分的磁场方向相互一致, 磁场 叠加, 对吸合面 3产生试吸合物体 4用的试吸合磁力, 该试吸合磁力大于零磁力并小于最 大磁力, 较好在最大磁力的 10%-90%范围内, 最好为最大磁力的 50%。对吸合物体 4进行 试吸合。
当活动磁钢 6转动到第三位置时,活动磁钢 6的中心面 61与绝缘件 453的中心面 454 大致对齐, 并大致位于同一平面。 活动磁钢 6设置成其宽度方向与左右方向一致, 其高度 方向与上下方向一致。 固定磁钢 451位于活动磁钢 6的 S极侧, 并且该固定磁钢 451靠近 活动磁钢 6的一侧即下侧为 S极, 固定磁钢 452位于活动磁钢 6的 N极侧, 并且该固定磁 钢 452靠近活动磁钢 6的一侧即下侧为 N极。 此时, 固定磁钢 451、 452所产生的磁场方 向与活动磁钢 6所产生的磁场的方向一致, 如图 19的磁力线所示, 磁场相互叠加, 对吸 合面 3产生的磁力为最大磁力, 从而对吸合物体 4进行吸合。
下面, 参照附图 20-23对本发明的第五实施例进行详细说明。
在第五实施例中, 与第一实施例相同的结构标上相同的标号, 并省略说明。
'第五实施例与第一实施例的结构的不同点在于第一位置和第三位置定位机构的结构。 第一位置和第三位置定位机构包括: 卡位机构 570、 定位销 591、 592。
卡位机构 570与第二位置定位机构 7结构完全相同, 其包括: 卡位销 571, 设置在手 柄 8带动活动磁钢 6从第二位置转动到第三位置的过程中壳体 2的与手柄移动路径对应的 部分上, 即设置在壳体 2前表面的左侧的中央部; 弹簧, 对该卡位销 571施加弹性推力而 使该卡位销 571在常态下从壳体 2向外突出; 和操作件 573, 露出到壳体 2外供操作者操 作以使卡位销 571克服弹簧的弹性推力而缩入到壳体 2内。
卡位销 571的前端部具有斜面 574, 在手柄 8带动活动磁钢 6以从第二位置向第三位 置的方向转动的过程中, 当手柄 8移动到设置卡位销 571的位置时, 手柄 8在操作件 573 未被操作的情况下与斜面 574抵接并推压该斜面 574而使卡位销 571克服弹簧的弹性推力 并缩入壳体 2内, 使手柄 8能通过设置卡位销 571的位置, 在手柄 8带动活动磁钢 6以从 第三位置向第二位置的方向转动的过程中, 当手柄 8移动到设置卡位销 571的位置时, 手 柄 8在操作件 573未被操作的情况下与卡位销 571的与斜面 574相反的面 575抵接而被该 卡位销 571挡住, 定位在设置卡位销 571的位置。
在壳体 2前表面的与手柄移动路径对应的部分上开设有沿前后方向的深孔 22,弹簧设 置在该深孔 22内, 该弹簧的后端部与该深孔 22的孔底抵接。 卡位销 571的后端部与弹簧 的前端部抵接, 卡位销 571 .的中间部分上一体地连接有操作件 573, 斜面 574为通过与卡 位销 571的轴线相交地切割卡位销 571前端部而形成的斜平面, 即斜面 574为随着从后向 前而从上向下倾斜的斜面。
定位销 591、 592分别固定设置在壳体 2前表面的左右两侧的下部。 当活动磁钢 6位 于第一位置时, 手柄 8的把手部 82位于定位销 592的上方并与该定位销 592抵接, 从而 活动磁钢 6被定位在第一位置。当活动磁钢 6位于第三位置时, 把手部 82位于定位销 591 的上方以及卡位销 571的下方, 并与该定位销 591, 卡位销 571抵接, 从而活动磁钢 6被 定位在第三位置。
以下, 对操作者利用本发明的永磁起重装置 1对吸合物体 4进行起吊的操作过程进行 说明。
首先, 将永磁起重装置 1移动到吸合物体 4的上方, 使吸合面 3与吸合物体 4的上表 面接触, 此时, 手柄 8位于右侧的关闭位置, 即活动磁钢 6位于第一位置, 活动磁钢 6和 固定磁钢 5的磁场中和, 所以对吸合面 3产生的磁力为零磁力, 不会对吸合物体 4进行吸 合。
然后, 操作者使手柄 8逆时针转动。
当手柄 8转动到设置卡位销 71的位置时, 手柄 8在操作件 73未被操作的情况下与斜 面 74抵接并推压该斜面 74而使卡位销 71克服弹簧 72的弹性推力并缩入壳体 2内, 使手 柄 8能通过设置卡位销 71的位置。
此时, 操作者放开手柄 8, 活动磁钢 6在固定磁钢 5的磁场作用下, 受到使其顺时针 转动的力, 从而使手柄 8也顺时针转动。 当手柄 8自动转动到设置卡位销 71的位置时, 手柄 8在操作件 73未被操作的情况下与卡位销 71的与斜面 74相反的面 75抵接而被该卡 位销 71挡住, 从而定位在设置卡位销 71的位置, 即活动磁钢 6被定位在第二位置。 此时 固定磁钢 5和活动磁钢 6的磁场的一部分通过永磁起重装置 1内的磁芯体与壳体短路, 另 一部分的磁场方向一致, 两个磁场叠加, 对吸合面 3产生试吸合物体 4用的试吸合磁力。 操作者提升永磁起重装置 1进行试吊重。
如果永磁起重装置 1不能够吊起吸合物体 4, 则说明第三位置起吊时永磁起重装置 1 所能产生的最大吸合力与工件重量的比值小于第二位置所设定的比值, 所以提醒并警告操 作者是否对吸合物体 4的起吊。 此时, 操作者操作操作件 73, 以使卡位销 71缩回到壳体 2内, 同时使手柄 8顺时针转动并通过卡位销 71的位置继续转动到关闭位置。 如果永磁起重装置 1能够吊起吸合物体 4, 则说明永磁起重装置 1针对这一特定条件 所能产生的最大吸合力与工件重量的比值能够达到或超过第二位置所设定的比值。 操作者 可将手柄 8继续逆时针转动, 当手柄 8转动到设置卡位销 571的位置时, 手柄 8在操作件 573未被操作的情况下与斜面 574抵接并推压该斜面 574而使卡位销 571克服弹簧的弹性 推力并缩入壳体 2内, 使手柄 8能通过设置卡位销 571的位置。 此时, 手柄 8转动到左侧 的打开位置, 即活动磁钢 6转动到第三位置。 手柄 8的把手部 82位于定位销 591的上方 以及卡位销 571的下方, 手柄 8与定位销 591抵接, 并且手柄 8在操作件 573未被操作的 情况下也与卡位销 571的与斜面 574相反的面 575抵接, 从而手柄 8被定位, 即活动磁钢 6定位在第三位置。 此时, 固定磁钢 5的磁场与活动磁钢 6的磁场叠加, 对吸合面 3产生 的磁力为最大磁力, 从而对吸合物体 4进行吸合。 操作者对吸合物体 4进行第三位置的起 吊。
当将吸合物体 4起吊到了规定的地点时, 操作者放下工件后, 首先操作操作件 573, 以使卡位销 571縮回到壳体 2内, 同时使手柄 8顺时针转动而通过卡位销 571的位置, 并 转动到卡位销 71的位置, 然后操作操作件 73, 以使卡位销 71缩回到壳体 2内, 从而使手 柄 8通过卡位销 71的位置继续转动到关闭位置。
下面, 参照附图 24-27对本发明的第六实施例进行详细说明。
在第六实施例中, 与第五实施例相同的结构标上相同的标号, 并省略说明。
第六实施例与第五实施例的结构的不同点在于固定磁钢部分。 固定磁钢 651、 652和 活动磁钢 6均呈长方体状, 一对固定磁钢 651、 652连接在绝缘体 653的宽度方向上的两 侧而形成一体, 并固定在壳体 2内的上半部分。 绝缘体 653的宽度方向与左右方向一致, 长度方向与前后方向一致, 高度方向与上下方向一致。 该绝缘体 653的长度方向和宽度方 向所形成的平面平行于吸合面 3所在的平面, 固定磁钢 651、 652的 S极和 N极分别位于 与吸合面 3所在的平面相对的一侧和该侧的相反侧, 并且固定磁钢 651、 652的极性相反, 即固定磁钢 651的 S极和固定磁钢 652的 N极位于与吸合面 3所在的平面相对的一侧,固 定磁钢 651的 N极和固定磁钢 652的 S极位于该侧的相反侧。活动磁钢 6设置在壳体 2内 的下半部分, 并且位于永磁起重装置 1的左右方向的中央, 活动磁钢 6的宽度方向上的两 侧分别为 S极和 N极, 活动磁钢 6能绕平行其长度方向的自身中心线 62转动, 该中心线 62大致位于沿绝缘件 653的高度方向将绝缘件 653加以平分的中心面 654所在的平面上。
当活动磁钢 6转动到第一位置时, 活动磁钢 6的沿其高度方向将活动磁钢 6加以平分 的中心面 61与绝缘件 653的中心面 654大致对齐 (如果活动磁钢 6的磁能大于固定磁钢 651、 652的总和磁能的话, 活动磁钢 6的中心面 61可以与绝缘件 653的中心面 654呈一 较小的角度, 此时活动磁钢 6的磁能在部分短路后, 剩下的磁能与固定磁钢 651、 652的 磁能中和), 并大致位于同一平面。 活动磁钢 6设置成其宽度方向与左右方向一致, 其高 度方向与上下方向一致。 固定磁钢 651位于活动磁钢 6的 N极侧, 并且该固定磁钢 651靠 近活动磁钢 6的一侧即下侧为 S极, 固定磁钢 652位于所述活动磁钢 6的 S极侧, 并且该 固定磁钢 652靠近活动磁钢 6的一侧即下侧为 N极。 此时, 固定磁钢 651、 652所产生的 磁场方向与活动磁钢 6所产生的磁场的方向完全相反, 如图 25的磁力线所示, 磁场相互 中和, 对吸合面 3产生的磁力为零磁力, 不会对吸合物体 4进行吸合。
当活动磁钢 6转动到第二位置时,活动磁钢 6的中心面 61与绝缘件 653的中心面 654 呈预定的夹角。 此时, 如图 26的磁力线所示, 固定磁场 651、 652和活动磁钢 6的磁场的 一部分通过永磁起重装置 1内的磁芯体与壳体短路, 另一部分的磁场方向相互一致, 磁场 叠加, 对吸合面 3产生试吸合物体 4用的试吸合磁力, 该试吸合磁力大于零磁力并小于最 大磁力, 较好在最大磁力的 10%-90%范围内, 最好为最大磁力的 50%。对吸合物体 4进行 试吸合。
当活动磁钢 6转动到第三位置时,活动磁钢 6的中心面 61与绝缘件 653的中心面 654 大致对齐, 并大致位于同一平面。 活动磁钢 6设置成其宽度方向与左右方向一致, 其高度 方向与上下方向一致。 固定磁钢 651位于活动磁钢 6的 S极侧, 并且该固定磁钢 651靠近 活动磁钢 6的一侧即下侧为 S极, 固定磁钢 652位于活动磁钢 6的 N极侧,并且该固定磁 钢 652靠近活动磁钢 6的一侧即下侧为 N极。 此时, 固定磁钢 651、 652所产生的磁场方 向与活动磁钢 6所产生的磁场的方向一致, 如图 27的磁力线所示, 磁场相互叠加, 对吸 合面 3产生的磁力为最大磁力, 从而对吸合物体 4进行吸合。
在上述的永磁起重装置 1中, 利用第二位置定位机构将活动磁钢定位在第二位置, 使 试吸合磁力大于零磁力并小于最大磁力, 从而可以使操作者进行试吸合的操作方便, 通过 试吸合的操作还能够彻底杜绝第三位置起吊时所发生的安全隐患。
上面,对本发明的实施例进行了说明,但本发明不限于所述实施例。关于具体的结构, 在不脱离本发明的宗旨的范围内, 可对实施例中的特征进行适当的改变或将各实施例中的 特征进行相互的组合。
在上述的实施例中, 固定磁钢位于活动磁钢的上方。 但本发明不限于此, 固定磁钢也 可以位于活动磁钢的下方。 在上述的实施例中, 固定磁钢垂直固定或水平固定在壳体中。 但本发明不限于此, 也 可以如图 28所示的那样, 固定磁钢 751、 752倾斜地、呈八字型地固定在壳体中。具体为, 固定磁钢 751、 752和活动磁钢 6均呈长方体状, 一对固定磁钢 751、 752相对于垂直于吸 合面 3的中心面对称地倾斜成八字形, 一对固定磁钢 751、 752中相对的左右两侧分别为 S 极和 N极, 相背的左右两侧分别为 N极和 S极,活动磁钢 6的宽度方向上的两侧分别为 S 极和 N极, 活动磁钢 6能绕平行其长度方向的自身中心线 62转动, 当活动磁钢 6转动到 所述第一位置时, 活动磁钢 6的沿其高度方向将活动磁钢 6加以平分的中心面 61与垂直 于吸合面 3的中心面大致对齐, 并大致位于同一平面, 一对固定磁钢 751、 752的相对的 左右两侧中的左侧为 S极,活动磁钢 6与左侧相对的一侧为 N极,一对固定磁钢 751、 752 的相对的左右两侧中的右侧为 N极, 活动磁钢 6的另一侧为 S极(当然, 活动磁钢 6和固 定磁钢 751、 752的极性也可以与上述的描述都相反。), 当活动磁钢 6转动到第二位置时, 活动磁钢 6的沿其高度方向将活动磁钢 6加以平分的中心面 61与垂直于吸合面 3的中心 面呈预定的夹角, 当活动磁钢 6转动到第三位置时, 一对固定磁钢 751、 752的相对的两 侧中的左侧为 S极, 活动磁钢 6与该侧相对的一侧为 S极, 一对固定磁钢 751、 752的相 对的两侧中的右侧为 N极, 活动磁钢 6的另一侧为 N极。 .

Claims

权利 要 求 书
1 . 一种永磁起重装置, 具有: 壳体, 在其下部具有吸合物体的吸合面; 固定磁钢, 相对于所述壳体固定地设置在该壳体内; 活动磁钢, 相对于所述固定磁钢能活动地设置在 该壳体内, 当所述活动磁钢相对于所述固定磁钢位于第一位置时, 使所述固定磁钢和所述 活动磁钢对所述吸合面产生的磁力为零磁力, 当所述活动磁钢相对于所述固定磁钢位于第 三位置时, 使所述固定磁钢和所述活动磁钢对所述吸合面产生的磁力为最大磁力, 其特征 在于, . 该永磁起重装置还具有第二位置定位机构, 该第二位置定位机构将所述活动磁钢定位 在相对于所述固定磁钢的第二位置时, 所述固定磁钢和所述活动磁钢对所述吸合面产生试 吸合物体用的试吸合磁力, 该试吸合磁力大于所述零磁力并小于所述最大磁力。
2. 如权利要求 1 所述的永磁起重装置, 其特征在于, 所述固定磁钢和所述活动磁钢 均呈长方体状, 所述固定磁钢的高度方向垂直于所述吸合面所在的平面, 所述固定磁钢的 宽度方向上的两侧分别为 S极和 N极,所述活动磁钢的宽度方向上的两侧分别为 S极和 N 极, 所述活动磁钢能绕平行其长度方向的自身中心线转动,
当所述活动磁钢转动到所述第一位置时,所述活动磁钢的 N极和所述固定磁钢的 S极 位于所述固定磁钢的宽度方向上的一侧,所述活动磁钢的 S极和所述固定磁钢的 N极位于 所述固定磁钢的宽度方向上的另一侧,
当所述活动磁钢转动到所述第二位置时, 所述活动磁钢的沿其高度方向将活动磁钢加 以平分的中心面与所述固定磁钢的沿其高度方向将固定磁钢加以平分的中心面呈预定的 夹角,
当所述活动磁钢转动到所述第三位置时,所述活动磁钢的 s极和所述固定磁钢的 S极 位于所述固定磁钢的宽度方向上的一侧,所述活动磁钢的 N极和所述固定磁钢的 N极位于 所述固定磁钢的宽度方向上的另一侧。
3. 如权利要求 1 所述的永磁起重装置, 其特征在于, 所述固定磁钢和所述活动磁钢 均呈长方体状, 一对所述固定磁钢连接在绝缘体的宽度方向上的两侧而形成一体, 并且该 绝缘体的长度方向和宽度方向所形成的平面平行于所述吸合面所在的平面, 所述固定磁钢 的 S极和 N极分别位于与所述吸合面所在的平面相对的一侧和该侧的相反侧,并且一对所 述固定磁钢的极性相反,所述活动磁钢的宽度方向上的两侧分别为 S极和 N极,所述活动
2^ 磁钢能绕平行其长度方向的自身中心线转动,
当所述活动磁钢转动到所述第一位置时, 一对所述固定磁钢中的一个位于所述活动磁 钢的 N极侧, 并且该固定磁钢靠近所述活动磁钢的一侧为 S极, 一对所述固定磁钢中的另 一个位于所述活动磁钢的 S极侧, 并且该固定磁钢靠近所述活动磁钢的一侧为 N极, 当所述活动磁钢转动到所述第二位置时, 所述活动磁钢的沿其高度方向将活动磁钢加 以平分的中心面与所述绝缘件的沿其高度方向将绝缘件加以平分的中心面呈预定的夹角, 当所述活动磁钢转动到所述第三位置时, 一对所述固定磁钢中的一个位于所述活动磁 钢的 S极侧, 并且该固定磁钢靠近所述活动磁钢的一侧为 S极, 一对所述固定磁钢中的另 一个位于所述活动磁钢的 N极侧, 并且该固定磁钢靠近所述活动磁钢的一侧为 N极。
4. 如权利要求 1 所述的永磁起重装置, 其特征在于, 所述固定磁钢和所述活动磁钢 均呈长方体状, 一对所述固定磁钢相对于垂直于所述吸合面的中心面对称地倾斜成八字 形, 一对所述固定磁钢中相对的两侧分别为 S极和 N极, 相背的两侧分别为 N极和 S极, 所述活动磁钢的宽度方向上的两侧分别为 S极和 N极,所述活动磁钢能绕平行其长度方向 的自身中心线转动,
当所述活动磁钢转动到所述第一位置时, 一对所述固定磁钢的相对的两侧中的一侧为 S极, 所述活动磁钢与该侧相对的一侧为 N极, 一对所述固定磁钢的相对的两侧中的另一 侧为 N极, 所述活动磁钢的另一侧为 S极,
当所述活动磁钢转动到所述第二位置时, 所述活动磁钢的沿其高度方向将活动磁钢加 以平分的中心面与垂直于所述吸合面的中心面呈预定的夹角,
当所述活动磁钢转动到所述第三位置时, 一对所述固定磁钢的相对的两侧中的一侧为 S极, 所述活动磁钢与该侧相对的一侧为 S极, 一对所述固定磁钢的相对的两侧中的另一 侧为 N极, 所述活动磁钢的另一侧为 N极。
5. 如权利要求 1-4中任一项所述的永磁起重装置, 其特征在于, 该永磁起重装置还具 有手柄, 该手柄供操作者在所述壳体外手动操作, 以带动所述活动磁钢转动到所述第一位 置、 所述第二位置或所述第三位置。
6. 如权利要求 5 .所述的永磁起重装置, 其特征在于, 所述第二位置定位机构包括: 第一卡位销, 设置在所述手柄带动所述活动磁钢从所述第一位置转动到所述第三位置的过
2 I 程中所述壳体的与所述手柄移动路径对应的部分上; 第一弹簧, 对该第一卡位销施加弹性 推力而使该第一卡位销在常态下从壳体向外突出; 和操作件, 露出到所述壳体外供操作者 操作以使所述第一卡位销克服所述第一弹簧的弹性推力而缩入到所述壳体内。
7. 如权利要求 6所述的永磁起重装置, 其特征在于, 所述第一卡位销的前端部具有 斜面, 在所述手柄带动活动磁钢以从所述第一位置向所述第三位置的方向转动的过程中, 当所述手柄移动到设置所述第一卡位销的位置时, 所述手柄在所述操作件未被操作的情况 下与所述斜面抵接并推压该斜面而使所述第一卡位销克服所述第一弹簧的弹性推力并缩 入所述壳体内, 使所述手柄能通过设置所述第一卡位销的位置, 在所述手柄带动活动磁钢 以从所述第三位置向所述第一位置的方向转动的过程中, 当所述手柄移动到设置所述第一 卡位销的位置时, 所述手柄在所述操作件未被操作的情况下与所述第一卡位销的与所述斜 面相反的面抵接而被该第一卡位销挡住, 定位在设置所述第一卡位销的位置。
8. 如权利要求 7所述的永磁起重装置, 其特征在于, 所述第一卡位销的后端部与所 述第一弹簧抵接, 所述第一卡位销的中间部分上一体地连接有所述操作件, 所述斜面为通 过与所述第一卡位销轴线相交地切割第一卡位销前端部而形成的斜平面。
9. 如权利要求 6所述的永磁起重装置, 其特征在于, 所述第一卡位销的前端部不具 有斜面, 在所述手柄带动活动磁钢以从所述第一位置向所述第三位置的方向转动的过程 中, 当所述手柄移动到设置所述第一卡位销的位置时, 所述手柄在所述操作件未被操作的 情况下与所述第一卡位销的前端部抵接, 不能通过设置所述第一卡位销的位置, 在所述操 作件被操作的情况下所述第一卡位销克服所述第一弹簧的弹性推力并缩入所述壳体内, 所 述手柄能通过设置所述第一卡位销的位置, 在所述手柄带动活动磁钢以从所述第三位置向 所述第一位置的方向转动的过程中, 当所述手柄移动到设置所述第一卡位销的位置时, 所 述手柄在所述操作件未被操作的情况下与所述第一卡位销的前端部抵接而被该第一卡位 销挡住, 定位在设置所述第一卡位销的位置。
10. 如权利要求 5所述的永磁起重装置, 其特征在于, 所述第二位置定位机构包括: 第二卡位销, 该第二卡位销固定设置在所述手柄带动所述活动磁钢从所述第一位置转动到 所述第三位置的过程中所述壳体的与所述手柄移动路径对应的部分上, 从所述壳体向外突
2 出, 所述手柄包括: 挡块, 从所述手柄的外周面向壳体侧突出; 按压件, 通过棒状体与所 述挡块连接, 并突出到所述手柄外一定距离供操作者按压以使挡块移动; 第二弹簧, 对该 按压件施加弹性推力, 以使该按压件在常态下保持突出到所述手柄外一定距离的状态。
11 .如权利要求 10所述的永磁起重装置,其特征在于, 在所述手柄带动活动磁钢以从 所述第一位置向所述第三位置的方向转动或从所述第三位置向所述第一位置的方向转动 的过程中, 当所述手柄移动到设置所述第二卡位销的位置时, 在所述按压件未被按压的情 况下所述手柄的所述挡块与所述第二卡位销抵接, 从而所述手柄被所述第二卡位销挡住, 在所述按压件被操作者按压的情况下所述挡块移动而避免与所述第二卡位销抵接, 从而使 所述手柄能通过设置所述第二卡位销的位置。
12. 如权利要求 1所述的永磁起重装置, 其特征在于, 所述试吸合磁力在所述最大磁 力的 10%-90%范围内。
13. 如权利要求 1所述的永磁起重装置, 其特征在于, 所述试吸合磁力为所述最大磁 力的 50%。
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US8757689B2 (en) 2014-06-24
EP2535307B1 (en) 2015-04-08
CN102574668B (zh) 2014-06-04
KR20120109529A (ko) 2012-10-08
JP2013519601A (ja) 2013-05-30
EP2535307A1 (en) 2012-12-19
EP2535307A4 (en) 2013-07-31
US20130026774A1 (en) 2013-01-31

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