WO2011085875A1 - Solar collector, facade element and method for operating a solar system - Google Patents

Solar collector, facade element and method for operating a solar system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011085875A1
WO2011085875A1 PCT/EP2010/069131 EP2010069131W WO2011085875A1 WO 2011085875 A1 WO2011085875 A1 WO 2011085875A1 EP 2010069131 W EP2010069131 W EP 2010069131W WO 2011085875 A1 WO2011085875 A1 WO 2011085875A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solar
absorber
solar collector
air
collector
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Application number
PCT/EP2010/069131
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jürgen Kosok
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
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Publication of WO2011085875A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011085875A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/66—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of facade constructions, e.g. wall constructions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/20—Solar heat collectors using working fluids having circuits for two or more working fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
    • F24S80/54—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings using evacuated elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
    • F24S60/30—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors storing heat in liquids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a solar collector, in particular a solar flat collector, according to the preamble of claim 1. Further, the invention relates to a solar thermal facade element according to the preamble of patent claim 6 and a method for operating a solar system according to claim. 8
  • Solar collectors in particular solar flat panels, are well known, are used for hot water or heating support, and are integrated according to their use in hot water and heating systems, for example, together with a solar circuit via a heat storage.
  • Such solar collectors essentially consist of a glass cover and an absorber, which absorbs solar radiation.
  • solar collectors for roof mounting is usually behind the absorber usually a tub-shaped insulation part with additional thermal insulation material.
  • the absorber is sandwiched between the glass cover and the insulation part. It has a channel structure through which a solar fluid can flow and forms a bond with a glass cover, so that a space is created between the glass cover and the absorber, which is usually filled with gas in order to increase the efficiency of the absorber.
  • air collectors for preheating room air are known. These have channels, for example in transparent double-wall plates, in which air flows. These air collectors can then be connected as a separate, for example, on the outside of a facade component, which has connections for a ventilation and air conditioning system of a room or building, with the relevant building services.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a solar collector, a facade element and a solar system, which overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and can be easily integrated into building parts and building services. This is achieved by the objects with the features of claim 1, claim 6 and claim 8 according to the invention. Advantageous developments can be found in the dependent claims.
  • the solar collector according to the invention is characterized in that at least one solar collector forms an outer surface of a building element and that the absorber is arranged with its through a solar fluid flow channel structure within a component in an air duct of a ventilation system.
  • the absorber is connected with its through-flow of a solar fluid channel structure to a heating and / or hot water preparation system, so that below supplied cooler heat transfer fluid and withdrawn in the upper area.
  • the channel structure of the absorber through which a solar fluid can flow is provided with surface-enlarging elements which promote heat transfer to the air flowing in an associated air duct.
  • a substantially vertical air channel is provided behind a vertical absorber to preheat the air, for example during ascent in a wall.
  • a vertical absorber to preheat the air, for example during ascent in a wall.
  • inflow openings for outside air and / or for room air in the associated air duct are outflow openings for exhaust air to the outside and / or preheated room air to the inside, ie out of the air duct, arranged.
  • the façade element according to the invention in particular solar thermal facade element, consists of at least one solar collector.
  • the at least one solar collector is integrated into a mullion and transom construction, so that the solar thermal active outer surface or the air duct size can be easily expanded by adding further elements. In this way, the solar collector can easily obstruct.
  • the inventive method for operating a solar system is characterized in that depending on the heat demand and heat supply from solar radiation, the liquid and / or the gaseous heat carrier can be used to transport the amount of heat. Therefore, at least in the summer, the solar radiation for hot water preparation via the transport with the liquid heat carrier is utilized in a memory. At least in winter, the solar radiation is used for generating space heat via air heating in the assigned air duct. In the transitional period or special operating conditions, therefore, a parallel heat recovery can take place.
  • the facade element and the method for operating a solar system a good integration of solar technology in building parts, in particular in a vertical facade structure, and building services is achieved. This is important because, especially in buildings with photovoltaic systems on the roof surfaces, the surfaces free of solar thermal system parts are to be found in the area of the facades.
  • a shielded from the atmosphere absorber which is constructed as known components of solar systems, which are to be referred to as glass / absorber composite.
  • the advantageous properties of such a glass / absorber composite lie in the insulating effect, ie a reduced radiation to the outside, the fog and the resulting increased absorber efficiency. If the solar radiation can be used for the need for room heat, according to the invention air is blown over the rear side of the absorber for the temperature control of the room air.
  • the air to be heated is performed according to the invention only on the back of the absorber and takes over there the heat from solar radiation. Dust levels and, for example, salinity from the intake air do not affect the effective absorber area.
  • the absorber coating is thus sustainably protected against harmful influences.
  • a significant advantage of existing at the absorber pipe guide for liquid heat transfer is a bivalent use of the solar collector. So if in summer there is no need for solar generated room heat over direct heating of air, the heat gained in the absorber is passed through the liquid heat carrier to a heat storage.
  • the flexible use of the solar radiation offer via direct use is advantageous, since this is generally cheaper than storage, and the ability to store solar heat in media with high heat capacity, such as water or phase change material.
  • the drawing illustrates an embodiment of the invention and shows in a single figure schematically a vertical section through a solar collector according to the invention in the installed position in a wall of a building.
  • the solar collector 2 integrated into a component 1 consists of a glass cover 3, an absorber 4 with a channel structure 5 through which a solar fluid can flow, for a heat transfer medium and a spacer 6 with seals surrounding the edge region. Therefore, the sealed space 6 between the glass cover 3 and the absorber 4 can be evacuated or filled with inert gas.
  • the solar collector 2 receiving component 1 has connections for a ventilation system of a room or building, wherein the solar collector 2 forms an outer surface of the component 1 and wherein the absorber 4 with its channel structure 5 within a component 1 in a vertical air duct. 6 is arranged. About a solar circuit 7, the solar collector 2 is connected to the channel structure 5 of the absorber 4 to a memory 8 of a heating and / or water heating system.
  • the component 1 In the component 1 are located in the region below the absorber 4 inflow openings for outside air 9 and / or room air 10 in the associated air duct 6. In the area above the absorber 4 outflow openings for exhaust air 1 1 to the outside and / or preheated room air 12 are arranged inwards.

Abstract

The invention relates to a solar collector (2), in particular a flat solar collector, comprising at least one absorber (4) that absorbs solar radiation and has a channel structure (5) through which a solar fluid can flow, a glass cover (3) forming a composite with the absorber (4), a chamber (7) filled with gas between the glass cover (3) and absorber (4), and a component (1) receiving the solar collector (2), said component comprising connections for a ventilation unit of a room or building. The aim of the invention is to provide a solar collector, a facade element and a solar system that overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and can be easily integrated into building parts and building technology. The solar collector (2) is characterized in that at least one solar collector (2) forms an outer surface of a component (1) and in that the absorber (4) is arranged with the channel structure (5) through which a solar fluid can flow within a component (1) in an air channel (6) of a ventilation unit.

Description

BESCHREIBUNG  DESCRIPTION
Solarkollektor, Fassadenelement und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Solaranlaqe Die Erfindung betrifft einen Solarkollektor, insbesondere einen Solarflachkollektor, nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1. Weiter betrifft die Erfindung ein solarthermisches Fassadenelement nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 6 sowie ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Solaranlage nach Patentanspruch 8. Solarkollektoren, insbesondere Solarflachkollektoren, sind allgemein bekannt, dienen der Warmwasserbereitung oder Heizungsunterstützung, und werden entsprechend ihrer Verwendung in Warmwasserbereitungs- und Heizungsanlagen, beispielsweise zusammen mit einem Solarkreislauf über einen Wärmespeicher, integriert. Derartige Solarkollektoren bestehen im Wesentlichen aus einer Glasabdeckung und einem Absorber, welcher Solarstrahlung absorbiert. Bei Solarkollektoren für die Dachmontage befindet sich üblicherweise hinter dem Absorber ein meist wannenförmiges Isolierungsteil mit zusätzlichem Wärmedämmungsmaterial. Der Absorber ist dabei sandwichartig zwischen der Glasabdeckung und dem Isolierungsteil angeordnet. Er besitzt eine von einem Solarfluid durchströmbare Kanalstruktur und bildet einen Verbund mit einer Glasabdeckung, so dass ein Raum zwischen Glasabdeckung und Absorber entsteht, welcher in der Regel mit Gas gefüllt ist, um den Wirkungsgrad des Absorbers zu steigern. The invention relates to a solar collector, in particular a solar flat collector, according to the preamble of claim 1. Further, the invention relates to a solar thermal facade element according to the preamble of patent claim 6 and a method for operating a solar system according to claim. 8 Solar collectors, in particular solar flat panels, are well known, are used for hot water or heating support, and are integrated according to their use in hot water and heating systems, for example, together with a solar circuit via a heat storage. Such solar collectors essentially consist of a glass cover and an absorber, which absorbs solar radiation. In solar collectors for roof mounting is usually behind the absorber usually a tub-shaped insulation part with additional thermal insulation material. The absorber is sandwiched between the glass cover and the insulation part. It has a channel structure through which a solar fluid can flow and forms a bond with a glass cover, so that a space is created between the glass cover and the absorber, which is usually filled with gas in order to increase the efficiency of the absorber.
Weiterhin sind sogenannte Luftkollektoren zur Vorwärmung von Raumluft bekannt. Diese besitzen Kanäle, beispielsweise in transparenten Doppelstegplatten, in denen Luft strömt. Diese Luftkollektoren können dann als separates, zum Beispiel außen an einer Fassade montiertes Bauelement, welches Anschlüsse für eine Be- und/oder Entlüftungsanlage eines Raumes oder Gebäudes aufweist, mit der betreffenden Haustechnik verbunden werden. Furthermore, so-called air collectors for preheating room air are known. These have channels, for example in transparent double-wall plates, in which air flows. These air collectors can then be connected as a separate, for example, on the outside of a facade component, which has connections for a ventilation and air conditioning system of a room or building, with the relevant building services.
Zudem ist das Ausbilden größerer Kollektorflächen, beispielsweise für Dach oder Fassade, bekannt. Ausführungsbeispiele sind in der DE 32 01 618 A1 , der DE 31 08 356 A1 oder der DE 33 45 614 A1 enthalten. Dazu werden allerdings immer verschiedene abgestimmte Befestigungs- und/oder Randverbundteile benötigt, die an die jeweilige spezielle Einbausituation angepasst sein müssen. Nachteilig ist außerdem, dass wesentliche Funktionen oder Merkmale von modernen Sonnenkollektoren, welche zu einer erheblichen Leistungssteigerung sowie einer guten Effizienz führen, bei derartigen Sonnenkollektor- Bausätzen häufig prinzipbedingt nicht realisiert werden können. Dazu zählt insbesondere das vorteilhafte Evakuieren des Raumes zwischen Glasabdeckung und Absorberblech oder eine Edelgasfüllung in diesem Raum. In addition, the formation of larger collector surfaces, for example, for roof or facade known. Exemplary embodiments are contained in DE 32 01 618 A1, DE 31 08 356 A1 or DE 33 45 614 A1. For this purpose, however, always different coordinated mounting and / or edge composite parts are needed, which must be adapted to the particular installation situation. Another disadvantage is that essential functions or features of modern solar panels, resulting in a significant Increase in performance and good efficiency, often can not be realized in such solar collector kits due to the principle. This includes in particular the advantageous evacuation of the space between the glass cover and the absorber plate or a noble gas filling in this space.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Solarkollektor, ein Fassadenelement und eine Solaranlage zu schaffen, welche die Nachteile gemäß dem Stand der Technik überwinden und sich gut in Gebäudeteile und Haustechnik integrieren lassen. Erfindungsgemäß wird dies durch die Gegenstände mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1 , des Patentanspruchs 6 und des Patentanspruchs 8 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen. The invention has for its object to provide a solar collector, a facade element and a solar system, which overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and can be easily integrated into building parts and building services. This is achieved by the objects with the features of claim 1, claim 6 and claim 8 according to the invention. Advantageous developments can be found in the dependent claims.
Der erfindungsgemäße Solarkollektor ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Solarkollektor eine Außenfläche eines Bauelementes eines Gebäudes bildet und dass der Absorber mit seiner von einem Solarfluid durchströmbaren Kanalstruktur innerhalb eines Bauelementes in einem Luftkanal einer Be- und/oder Entlüftungsanlage angeordnet ist. The solar collector according to the invention is characterized in that at least one solar collector forms an outer surface of a building element and that the absorber is arranged with its through a solar fluid flow channel structure within a component in an air duct of a ventilation system.
Dabei ist der Absorber mit seiner von einem Solarfluid durchströmbaren Kanalstruktur an eine Heizungs- und/oder Warmwasserbereitungsanlage angeschlossen, so dass unten kühleres Wärmeträgerfluid zugeführt und im oberen Bereich abgezogen wird. In this case, the absorber is connected with its through-flow of a solar fluid channel structure to a heating and / or hot water preparation system, so that below supplied cooler heat transfer fluid and withdrawn in the upper area.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die von einem Solarfluid durchströmbare Kanalstruktur des Absorbers mit oberflächenvergrößernden Elementen versehen, welche eine Wärmeübertragung an die in einem zugeordneten Luftkanal strömende Luft begünstigen. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the channel structure of the absorber through which a solar fluid can flow is provided with surface-enlarging elements which promote heat transfer to the air flowing in an associated air duct.
Innerhalb eines Bauelementes ist ein im Wesentlichen vertikaler Luftkanal hinter einem vertikalen Absorber vorgesehen, um die Luft, beispielsweise während des Aufsteigens in einer Wand, vorzuwärmen. So befinden sich vorzugsweise im Bauelement im Bereich unterhalb des Absorbers Zuströmöffnungen für Außenluft und/oder für Raumluft in den zugeordneten Luftkanal. Im Bereich oberhalb des Absorbers sind Ausströmöffnungen für Abluft nach außen und/oder vorgewärmte Raumluft nach innen, also aus dem Luftkanal heraus, angeordnet. Das erfindungsgemäße Fassadenelement, insbesondere solarthermische Fassadenelement, besteht aus mindestens einem Solarkollektor. Vorteilhafterweise ist der mindestens eine Solarkollektor in eine Pfosten-Riegel-Konstruktion integriert, so dass sich die solarthermisch aktive Außenfläche bzw. die Luftkanalgröße durch Hinzufügen weiterer Elemente einfach erweitern lässt. Auf diese Weise lässt sich der Solarkollektor leicht verbauen. Within a structural member, a substantially vertical air channel is provided behind a vertical absorber to preheat the air, for example during ascent in a wall. Thus, preferably in the component in the region below the absorber inflow openings for outside air and / or for room air in the associated air duct. In the area above the absorber are outflow openings for exhaust air to the outside and / or preheated room air to the inside, ie out of the air duct, arranged. The façade element according to the invention, in particular solar thermal facade element, consists of at least one solar collector. Advantageously, the at least one solar collector is integrated into a mullion and transom construction, so that the solar thermal active outer surface or the air duct size can be easily expanded by adding further elements. In this way, the solar collector can easily obstruct.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Solaranlage ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass je nach Wärmebedarf und Wärmeangebot aus solarer Strahlung der flüssige und/oder der gasförmige Wärmeträger zum Transport der Wärmemenge genutzt werden. Daher wird mindestens im Sommer die solare Strahlung für die Warmwasserbereitung über den Transport mit dem flüssigen Wärmeträger in einen Speicher verwertet. Mindestens im Winter erfolgt eine Verwertung der solaren Strahlung für Raumwärmeerzeugung über Lufterwärmung im zugeordneten Luftkanal. In der Übergangszeit oder speziellen Betriebszuständen kann somit auch eine parallele Wärmeverwertung erfolgen. The inventive method for operating a solar system is characterized in that depending on the heat demand and heat supply from solar radiation, the liquid and / or the gaseous heat carrier can be used to transport the amount of heat. Therefore, at least in the summer, the solar radiation for hot water preparation via the transport with the liquid heat carrier is utilized in a memory. At least in winter, the solar radiation is used for generating space heat via air heating in the assigned air duct. In the transitional period or special operating conditions, therefore, a parallel heat recovery can take place.
Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Solarkollektor, dem Fassadenelement und dem Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Solaranlage wird eine gute Integration von Solartechnik in Gebäudeteile, insbesondere in eine senkrechte Fassadenstruktur, und Haustechnik erreicht. Dies ist wichtig, weil besonders bei Gebäuden mit Photovoltaikanlagen auf den Dachflächen die für solarthermische Anlagenteile freien Flächen im Bereich der Fassaden zu suchen sind. Erfindungsgemäß liegt ein gegenüber der Atmosphäre abgeschirmter Absorber vor, welcher wie bekannte Komponenten aus Solarsystemen aufgebaut ist, die als Glas/Absorber-Verbund zu bezeichnen sind. Die vorteilhaften Eigenschaften eines solchen Glas/Absorber-Verbundes liegen in der Isolierwirkung, also einer verringerten Abstrahlung nach außen, der Beschlagfreiheit und des dadurch erhöhten Absorber- Wirkungsgrades. Kann die solare Strahlung für den Bedarf an Raumwärme genutzt werden, so wird erfindungsgemäß über die Rückseite des Absorbers Luft zur Temperierung der Raumluft geblasen. With the solar collector according to the invention, the facade element and the method for operating a solar system, a good integration of solar technology in building parts, in particular in a vertical facade structure, and building services is achieved. This is important because, especially in buildings with photovoltaic systems on the roof surfaces, the surfaces free of solar thermal system parts are to be found in the area of the facades. According to the invention, a shielded from the atmosphere absorber, which is constructed as known components of solar systems, which are to be referred to as glass / absorber composite. The advantageous properties of such a glass / absorber composite lie in the insulating effect, ie a reduced radiation to the outside, the fog and the resulting increased absorber efficiency. If the solar radiation can be used for the need for room heat, according to the invention air is blown over the rear side of the absorber for the temperature control of the room air.
Die zu erwärmende Luft wird erfindungsgemäß nur auf der Rückseite des Absorbers geführt und übernimmt dort die Wärme aus solarer Strahlung. Staubanteile und zum Beispiel Salzgehalte, die aus der angesaugten Luft stammen, treffen nicht auf die wirksame Absorberfläche. Die Absorberbeschichtung ist somit nachhaltig vor schädlichen Einflüssen geschützt. Ein wesentlicher Vorteil durch die am Absorber vorhandene Rohrführung für flüssige Wärmeträger ist eine bivalente Nutzung des Solarkollektors. Wenn also im Sommer kein Bedarf für solar erzeugte Raumwärme über direkte Erwärmung von Luft besteht, wird die im Absorber gewonnene Wärme über den flüssigen Wärmeträger zu einem Wärmespeicher geführt. Vorteilhaft ist somit die flexible Nutzung des solaren Strahlungsangebotes über direkte Nutzung, da diese in der Regel günstiger als eine Speicherung ist, und die Möglichkeit, solare Wärme in Medien mit hoher Wärmekapazität, wie zum Beispiel Wasser oder Phasenwechsel-Material, zu speichern. Eine unerwünschte Stagnation des flüssigen Wärmeträgerkreislaufes im solaren Anlagenteil kann mit der Erfindung vermieden werden, weil sich die Möglichkeit zur synchronen Nutzung bzw. Wärmeabfuhr bietet und mit der Luftströmung zusätzlich Wärme aus dem Absorber abtransportiert werden kann. In diesem Falle tritt kühle Außenluft im unteren Bereich ein und oberhalb des Solarkollektors wieder aus dem Luftkanal im Bauteil aus. The air to be heated is performed according to the invention only on the back of the absorber and takes over there the heat from solar radiation. Dust levels and, for example, salinity from the intake air do not affect the effective absorber area. The absorber coating is thus sustainably protected against harmful influences. A significant advantage of existing at the absorber pipe guide for liquid heat transfer is a bivalent use of the solar collector. So if in summer there is no need for solar generated room heat over direct heating of air, the heat gained in the absorber is passed through the liquid heat carrier to a heat storage. Thus, the flexible use of the solar radiation offer via direct use is advantageous, since this is generally cheaper than storage, and the ability to store solar heat in media with high heat capacity, such as water or phase change material. An undesirable stagnation of the liquid heat carrier circuit in the solar system part can be avoided with the invention, because the possibility for synchronous use or heat dissipation and with the air flow additionally heat can be removed from the absorber. In this case, cool outside air enters the lower area and out of the air duct in the component above the solar collector again.
Die Zeichnung stellt ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dar und zeigt in einer einzigen Figur schematisch einen vertikalen Schnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Solarkollektor in Einbauposition in einer Wand eines Gebäudes. The drawing illustrates an embodiment of the invention and shows in a single figure schematically a vertical section through a solar collector according to the invention in the installed position in a wall of a building.
Der in ein Bauelement 1 integrierte Solarkollektor 2 besteht aus einer Glasabdeckung 3, einem Absorber 4 mit einer von einem Solarfluid durchströmbaren Kanalstruktur 5 für ein Wärmeträgermedium sowie einem im Randbereich umlaufenden Abstandshalter 6 mit Dichtungen. Daher kann der abgeschlossene Raum 6 zwischen der Glasabdeckung 3 und dem Absorber 4 evakuiert oder mit Edelgas gefüllt sein. The solar collector 2 integrated into a component 1 consists of a glass cover 3, an absorber 4 with a channel structure 5 through which a solar fluid can flow, for a heat transfer medium and a spacer 6 with seals surrounding the edge region. Therefore, the sealed space 6 between the glass cover 3 and the absorber 4 can be evacuated or filled with inert gas.
Das den Solarkollektor 2 aufnehmende Bauelement 1 besitzt Anschlüsse für eine Be- und/oder Entlüftungsanlage eines Raumes oder Gebäudes, wobei der Solarkollektor 2 eine Außenfläche des Bauelementes 1 bildet und wobei der Absorber 4 mit seiner Kanalstruktur 5 innerhalb eines Bauelementes 1 in einem vertikalen Luftkanal 6 angeordnet ist. Über eine Solarkreislauf 7 ist der Solarkollektor 2 mit der Kanalstruktur 5 des Absorbers 4 an einer Speicher 8 einer Heizungs- und/oder Warmwasserbereitungsanlage angeschlossen. The solar collector 2 receiving component 1 has connections for a ventilation system of a room or building, wherein the solar collector 2 forms an outer surface of the component 1 and wherein the absorber 4 with its channel structure 5 within a component 1 in a vertical air duct. 6 is arranged. About a solar circuit 7, the solar collector 2 is connected to the channel structure 5 of the absorber 4 to a memory 8 of a heating and / or water heating system.
Im Bauelement 1 befinden sich im Bereich unterhalb des Absorbers 4 Zuströmöffnungen für Außenluft 9 und/oder Raumluft 10 in den zugeordneten Luftkanal 6. Im Bereich oberhalb des Absorbers 4 sind Ausströmöffnungen für Abluft 1 1 nach außen und/oder vorgewärmte Raumluft 12 nach innen hin angeordnet. In the component 1 are located in the region below the absorber 4 inflow openings for outside air 9 and / or room air 10 in the associated air duct 6. In the area above the absorber 4 outflow openings for exhaust air 1 1 to the outside and / or preheated room air 12 are arranged inwards.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Solarkollektor (2), insbesondere ein Solarflachkollektor, mit mindestens einem Solarstrahlung absorbierenden Absorber (4) mit einer von einem Solarfluid durchströmbaren Kanalstruktur (5), einer mit dem Absorber (4) einen Verbund bildenden Glasabdeckung (3), einem mit Gas gefüllten Raum (7) zwischen Glasabdeckung (3) und Absorber (4) sowie einem den Solarkollektor (2) aufnehmenden Bauelement (1 ), welches Anschlüsse für eine Be- und/oder Entlüftungsanlage eines Raumes oder Gebäudes aufweist, 1. Solar collector (2), in particular a solar flat collector, with at least one solar radiation absorbing absorber (4) with a flow through a solar fluid channel structure (5), one with the absorber (4) a composite glass cover (3), filled with gas Space (7) between glass cover (3) and absorber (4) and a solar collector (2) receiving component (1) having connections for a ventilation and / or ventilation system of a room or building,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Solarkollektor (2) eine Außenfläche eines Bauelementes (1 ) bildet und dass der Absorber (4) mit seiner von einem Solarfluid durchströmbaren Kanalstruktur (5) innerhalb eines Bauelementes (1 ) in einem Luftkanal (6) einer Be- und/oder Entlüftungsanlage angeordnet ist. characterized in that at least one solar collector (2) forms an outer surface of a component (1) and that the absorber (4) with its through a solar fluid channel structure (5) within a component (1) in an air duct (6) Be a and / or venting system is arranged.
2. Solarkollektor (2) nach Anspruch 1 , 2. Solar collector (2) according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Absorber (4) mit seiner von einem Solarfluid durchströmbaren Kanalstruktur (5) an eine Heizungs- und/oder Warmwasserbereitungsanlage angeschlossen ist. characterized in that the absorber (4) is connected with its through-flow of a solar fluid channel structure (5) to a heating and / or hot water preparation system.
3. Solarkollektor (2) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, 3. Solar collector (2) according to claim 1 or 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die von einem Solarfluid durchströmbare Kanalstruktur (5) des Absorbers (4) mit oberflächenvergrößernden Elementen versehen ist, welche eine Wärmeübertragung an die in einem zugeordneten Luftkanal (6) strömende Luft begünstigen. characterized in that the throughflow of a solar fluid channel structure (5) of the absorber (4) is provided with oberflächenvergrößernden elements which promote heat transfer to the air flowing in an associated air duct (6) air.
4. Solarkollektor (2) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, 4. Solar collector (2) according to one of claims 1 to 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass innerhalb eines Bauelementes (1 ) ein im Wesentlichen vertikaler Luftkanal (6) hinter einem vertikalen Absorber (4) vorgesehen ist. characterized in that within a structural element (1) a substantially vertical air duct (6) is provided behind a vertical absorber (4).
5. Solarkollektor (2) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, 5. Solar collector (2) according to one of claims 1 to 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Bauelement (1 ) im Bereich unterhalb des Absorbers (4) Zuströmöffnungen für Außenluft (9) und/oder Raumluft (10) in den zugeordneten Luftkanal (6) sowie im Bereich oberhalb des Absorbers (4) Ausströmöffnungen für Abluft (1 1 ) und/oder vorgewärmte Raumluft (12) angeordnet sind. characterized in that in the component (1) in the region below the absorber (4) inflow openings for outside air (9) and / or room air (10) in the associated air duct (6) and in the region above the absorber (4) outflow openings for exhaust air ( 1 1) and / or preheated room air (12) are arranged.
6. Fassadenelement, insbesondere ein solarthermisches Fassadenelement, mit mindestens einem Solarkollektor (2) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5. 6. Facade element, in particular a solar thermal facade element, with at least one solar collector (2) according to one of claims 1 to 5.
7. Fassadenelement nach Anspruch 6, 7. Facade element according to claim 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mindestens eine Solarkollektor (2) in eine Pfosten- Riegel-Konstruktion integriert ist. characterized in that the at least one solar collector (2) is integrated in a mullion and transom construction.
8. Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Solaranlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass je nach Wärmebedarf und Wärmeangebot aus solarer Strahlung der flüssige und/oder der gasförmige Wärmeträger zum Transport der Wärmemenge genutzt werden. 8. A method for operating a solar system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, depending on the heat demand and heat supply from solar radiation of the liquid and / or the gaseous heat carrier used to transport the amount of heat.
9. Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Solaranlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens im Sommer die solare Strahlung für die Warmwasserbereitung über den Transport mit dem flüssigen Wärmeträger in einem Speicher (8) verwertet wird und dass mindestens im Winter eine Verwertung der solaren Strahlung für Raumwärmeerzeugung über Lufterwärmung im zugeordneten Luftkanal (6) erfolgt. 9. A method for operating a solar system according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least in summer, the solar radiation for the hot water via the transport with the liquid heat carrier in a memory (8) is utilized and that at least in winter recovery the solar radiation for space heat generation via air heating in the associated air duct (6).
PCT/EP2010/069131 2009-12-21 2010-12-08 Solar collector, facade element and method for operating a solar system WO2011085875A1 (en)

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EP2653801A1 (en) * 2012-04-19 2013-10-23 Alstom Technology Ltd Solar power system and method of operation
EP2867593A4 (en) * 2012-06-27 2016-05-25 Huazi Lin Insulating glass style solar heat collector and building using solar energy for heating and cooling employing same
AT518454A1 (en) * 2016-03-23 2017-10-15 Harald Gruber Arrangement on a building

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EP2653801A1 (en) * 2012-04-19 2013-10-23 Alstom Technology Ltd Solar power system and method of operation
US9080788B2 (en) 2012-04-19 2015-07-14 Alstom Technology Ltd Solar power system and method of operation
EP2867593A4 (en) * 2012-06-27 2016-05-25 Huazi Lin Insulating glass style solar heat collector and building using solar energy for heating and cooling employing same
AT518454A1 (en) * 2016-03-23 2017-10-15 Harald Gruber Arrangement on a building

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