WO2011085657A1

WO2011085657A1 - Ether-based fuel

Info

Publication number: WO2011085657A1
Application number: PCT/CN2011/070112
Authority: WO
Inventors: 董书君; 陈宗勇
Original assignee: 北京兰凯博能源科技有限公司
Priority date: 2010-01-15
Filing date: 2011-01-10
Publication date: 2011-07-21
Also published as: CN102127473B; CN102127473A

Abstract

A clean ether-based fuel comprises dimethyl ether, methanol and water or consists of dimethyl ether, methanol and water. The ether-based fuel can replace gasoline in automobiles, other vehicles or power equipments having gasoline engines.

Description

Ether-based fuel technology

The present invention relates to a novel clean fuel, and more particularly to a clean acid based fuel. The ether-based fuel comprises diterpene ether, decyl alcohol and water. More specifically, the acid-based fuel may consist of only dioxane, decyl alcohol and water.

Background technique

As a well-known resource, oil plays an indispensable role in the social life and national defense construction of a country. With the continuous improvement of the living standards of our people, cars have gradually entered the families of ordinary people. For example, Beijing has now entered the era of 4 million cars. Therefore, as the number of cars is increasing, the need for gasoline is also increasing. China's crude oil production is far from meeting the needs of the domestic economy. Today, China has become a net importer of crude oil from crude oil exporting countries, and most of China's crude oil is dependent on imports. The intensification of this situation will seriously restrict the further development of China's economy and even affect China's national defense security. Therefore, there is a need to find a fuel for vehicles that does not require the use of petroleum raw materials and thus does not require the import of petroleum from abroad.

In addition, with the popularization of automobiles, a large amount of exhaust gas is discharged into the atmosphere, which makes the car bring convenience to people, and also brings various diseases, especially respiratory diseases. In recent years, automobile exhaust emissions have become the focus of attention. In order to reduce various problems caused by automobile exhaust emissions, countries around the world have imposed strict requirements on automobile exhaust, including relevant requirements in the United States, Europe has Euro IV standards, Japan has implemented the most stringent standards, and China is implementing it. Effective for Euro III or Euro IV standards. Moreover, the requirements for exhaust emissions in various countries will become more stringent. For example, the United States has agreed that states have separately set stricter emission standards than US national standards. On the eve of the Olympic Games, Beijing implemented the National IV standard in advance and will implement the National V standard as soon as possible. Therefore, there is a need for a clean fuel that can replace the currently used motor gasoline, which is more clean and environmentally friendly while meeting the functions of the motor gasoline.

Benzene is a recognized carcinogen. It is directly affected by the evaporation and combustion of gasoline and the release of exhaust gas into the atmosphere. Therefore, this indicator is restricted in the EU, UK, Australia and Russia gasoline standards, generally not more than 5% (v/v). According to Beijing local standards, the content of benzene is required to be no more than 1.0% by volume. But as environmental requirements, governments and The agency may also impose more stringent restrictions.

An aromatic hydrocarbon is a gasoline blending agent with a high octane number and a high calorific value. However, it burns to cause the formation of carcinogenic benzene, and it tends to increase the carbon deposits in the combustion chamber and increase the discharge of co ₂ . It is generally believed that the greater the content of benzene and other aromatic hydrocarbons in gasoline, the greater the benzene content of the combustion products. Therefore, reducing the aromatics content in gasoline is bound to benefit the environment by reducing benzene emissions from the tail gas.

China is a large coal producing country with abundant coal reserves. Converting rich coal resources into fuel oil has always been a research direction. The conversion of coal to sterols, which in turn is converted to dioxins, is also an important direction for coal utilization. Shaanxi New Fuel Burner Co., Ltd. and other units have developed acid-based gasoline additives containing 5 - 37% diammonium ether, 10 - 60% low-carbon alcohol compounds, and 10 - 50% C5-10 hydrocarbons. Compound, 0.1 - 5% alkylphenol versus polyoxyethylene ether and 0.05 - 0.5% alkylphenol. The additive is mixed with gasoline to produce an acid-based compound gasoline. Chinese invention patent application CN98112948.X also discloses an acid-based gasoline additive consisting of the following components: 15.5% diterpene ether, 42% decyl alcohol, 39% benzene, 3.3% alkylphenol ethoxylate and 0.2 %2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-phenol. Affected by this, the annual production of diterpene ether in China can now reach several million tons. However, the above two acid-based gasoline additives have high production costs and contain a large amount of benzene, so that the gasoline added with these two acid-based gasoline additives will not meet the requirements of the current gasoline standard for benzene content. Moreover, it is believed that the addition of benzene to gasoline will inevitably lead to a sharp increase in the benzene content of the gasoline combustion products, thereby causing damage to the environment and the human body. Nowadays, many diterpene ether producers are in a limited production or stop production due to product sales problems, waiting for a difficult situation.

Therefore, if diterpene ether can be used to produce clean fuels, there is no need to worry about the source of raw materials, and it will solve the current problems of these manufacturers.

Although the standard of sterol gasoline has been promulgated, due to the material properties of sterol, there are still some problems in sterol gasoline: First, the volatility of sterols relative to gasoline components is poor, resulting in difficulty in cold start of engines using sterol gasoline. Insufficient combustion; Second, the miscibility of sterols with gasoline is poor, the shelf life is short, and it is easy to deteriorate and stratify; the third is that the substitution ratio is low (that is, about 1.6-1.7 parts of sterol need to be used instead of 1 part of gasoline); Engine structure, sterol gasoline is not fully burned in existing engines, and its power is insufficient. Summary of the invention

In a first aspect of the invention, the invention relates to an acid based fuel comprising diterpene ether and decyl alcohol. In a preferred embodiment of the first aspect, the diterpene ether content of the acid-based fuel is 4-12 The content of the sterol is 88 to 96 parts by weight, and the total weight of the diterpene ether and the decyl alcohol is 100 parts by weight.

In a preferred embodiment of the first aspect, the acid-based fuel has a dimethyl ether content of 5 to 9 parts by weight and a sterol content of 91 to 95 parts by weight, wherein the total weight of the diterpene ether and the decyl alcohol is 100 parts by weight.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the acid-based fuel of the present invention consists of didecyl ether and decyl alcohol.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the acid-based fuel of the present invention is an automotive fuel.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the acid-based fuel of the present invention is a gasoline engine fuel.

A second aspect of the invention relates to an acid-based fuel comprising dioxane, decyl alcohol and water.

In a preferred embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, the content of the diterpene ether in the acid-based fuel is 4 to 12 parts by weight, the content of the decyl alcohol is 88 to 96 parts by weight, and the content of water is 5.3 parts by weight to 16.3. Parts by weight, wherein the total weight of dioxane and decyl alcohol is 100 parts by weight. Further, in the acid-based fuel, the diterpene ether is contained in an amount of 5 - 9 parts by weight, the sterol content is 91 - 95 parts by weight, and the water content is 6.4 parts by weight to 14 parts by weight, wherein the dimethyl ether and hydrazine are contained. The total weight of the alcohol is 100 parts by weight. Further, in the acid-based fuel, the content of the diterpene ether is 5 to 9 parts by weight, the content of the decyl alcohol is 91 to 95 parts by weight, and the content of water is 6.4 parts by weight to 11.1 parts by weight, wherein the diterpene ether The total weight of the sterols is 100 parts by weight.

In one embodiment of the second aspect, the acid-based fuel of the present invention consists of diterpene ether, decyl alcohol and water.

In one embodiment of the second aspect, the acid-based fuel of the present invention is an automotive fuel.

In one embodiment of the second aspect, the acid-based fuel of the present invention is a gasoline engine fuel, preferably a fuel for a carburetor engine.

In the prior art, it is considered that the moisture content in the liquid fuel should be as small as possible, and no water is required in the gasoline standard, and the moisture content in the ethanol gasoline standard is required to be less than 0.8%. However, the acid-based fuel of the present invention preferably contains a certain amount of water, and part of the water present therein can not only adjust the octane number of the acid-based fuel to a desired level, but also serve as a combustion-supporting effect and improve fuel utilization. effectiveness. In addition, in the case of consuming the same level of fuel, the actual fuel consumption will be reduced due to the presence of water, and the fuel consumption will be indirectly reduced without the consumption of moisture.

In addition, it is not necessary to use expensive in the process of selecting or preparing the raw material of the acid-based fuel of the present invention. Anhydrous material, and associated dehydration processes, can save fuel costs. For example, the acid-based fuel of the present invention can be formulated into a fuel having a water content of at most 14% (that is, a water content of up to 16.3 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of dioxane and decyl alcohol), at this time, the raw material For example, the moisture contained in sterols is more tolerant. That is, it is possible to use a sterol having a water content of up to 10% by weight. detailed description

The inventors of the present invention have undergone extensive testing and screening, and it has unexpectedly been found that a novel fuel comprising dioxane and decyl alcohol can be used to solve or partially overcome the above problems in the art.

First aspect of the invention

A first aspect of the invention relates to a novel acid-based fuel which is a dioxane-based fuel. In particular, the novel acid-based fuel comprises dioxane and decyl alcohol.

The novel acid-based fuel of the present invention does not use petroleum resources, and can completely replace petroleum-derived gasoline as a fuel for the automobile industry. Heretofore, it has been unexpected from the prior art that a composition containing diether ether and decyl alcohol as a main component can be used as a fuel, and in particular, it can be used as a fuel for a vehicle instead of gasoline. Fuels composed of dioxane and decyl alcohol are not expected at all from the prior art.

Gasoline is usually a mixture of C4-C10 alkanes and contains substances such as benzene and toluene.

The acid-based fuel of the present invention does not contain a main component of gasoline, i.e., the acid-based fuel of the present invention does not contain a C4 or higher alkane, such as a C4-C10 alkane, benzene or the like. As used herein, "does not contain hydrocarbons above C4" means that hydrocarbons above C4 are not intentionally added.

The ether-based fuel of the present invention mainly comprises dioxane and decyl alcohol. In general, in the ether-based fuel of the present invention, the diterpene ether may be contained in an amount of 4 to 12 parts by weight, and the sterol may be contained in an amount of 88 to 96 parts by weight, wherein the total weight of the diterpene ether and the decyl alcohol is 100 parts by weight. Preferably, in the acid-based fuel, the content of the diterpene ether is 5 to 9 parts by weight, and the content of the decyl alcohol is 91 to 95 parts by weight, wherein the total weight of the diterpene ether and the decyl alcohol is 100 parts by weight.

These two components are described in detail below.

Dimethyl ether is a colorless, odorless and non-toxic compound. Dioxin is a gas at normal temperature and pressure. Its molecular weight is 46, oxygen content is 35, air-fuel ratio is 9, air-fuel mixture is higher than diesel (3067/2911), cetane number is 60 (5-12 units higher than diesel), exhaust emissions Medium CO and HC are 55% and 86% lower than gasoline, respectively. Therefore, the combustion of diterpene ether is more complete than that of gasoline, burning The product is more environmentally friendly than gasoline. The diterpene ether has good combustion and mechanical properties and strong explosive power, and these properties are superior to those of mercapto tert-butyl ether.

The molecular weight of sterol is 32, the oxygen content is 50%, the air-fuel ratio is 6.4 (gasoline is 14.8), the octane number is 112 (15 - 22 units higher than gasoline), and the air-fuel mixture is slightly lower than gasoline. ( 2656/2786 ), pollutant emissions are better than gasoline. The source of sterols is extensive and can be directly prepared from coal at a lower cost.

Both the diterpene ether and the decyl alcohol used in the present invention can be derived from coal-based polygeneration, that is, recycled materials used in the recycling of fertilizer plants, which are widely available and low in cost.

The acid-based fuel of the present invention has the advantages of high clean combustion (and thus high clean emissions) of dioxane and the high octane value of decyl alcohol. Therefore, the acid-based fuel can have a high octane number and is sufficiently burned. Low emissions, easy access to raw materials and low cost. The acid-based fuel of the present invention can meet the requirements of the automobile industry for gasoline, thereby replacing the conventional gasoline as a fuel for automobiles.

More particularly, the acid-based fuels of the present invention are also self-cleaning. Without wishing to be bound by a particular theory, the inventors of the present invention believe that since sterol has good solubility, it can effectively prevent carbon deposits in spark plugs, combustion chambers, valves, exhaust mufflers, etc., and prevent oil clogging, and Avoid self-cleaning due to failures caused by carbon deposits and blockages. Surprisingly, the ether-based fuel of the present invention can accomplish this self-cleaning work without adding any additives.

•6匕

dagger.

Therefore, the acid-based fuel of the present invention can achieve clean combustion, clean emissions, and protect the vehicle.

The effect of adjusting the octane number can be achieved by adjusting the content of dimethyl ether and sterol in the acid-based fuel. In general, as the content of sterol decreases, the octane number of the acid-based fuel of the present invention also decreases. However, since the octane number of the sterol itself is very high, the octane number of the acid-based fuel of the present invention is relatively high without using an octane modifier.

The acid-based fuel of the present invention may be used without any additives, that is, the acid-based fuel of the present invention may consist of only dioxane and decyl alcohol. However, other components or additives may also be added depending on the needs of the particular application to further improve certain properties of the resulting fuel.

Since the novel acid-based fuel of the present invention is different from conventional fuels such as gasoline and diesel, conventional gasoline additives are not necessarily usable for the acid-based fuel of the present invention. Before the conventional additives are used in the acid-based fuel of the present invention, the compatibility test must first be carried out. The compatibility test here means that the additive to be used can be dissolved in the acid-based fuel of the present invention and can be stably stored. Moreover, the properties of the acid-based fuel of the present invention are not changed. Only those additives which are compatible with the acid-based fuel of the present invention are likely to be used in the acid-based fuel of the present invention. In addition, it is also noted that the addition of additives does not significantly adversely affect the unique properties of the acid-based fuels of the present invention, such as cleanliness and the like.

Conventional gasoline additives that may be used in the acid-based fuels of the present invention include, for example, catalysts, oxidizers, antioxidants, combustion improvers, detergents, antiknock agents, metal passivators, corrosion inhibitors, water repellents, corrosion inhibitors, Smoke suppressant and so on. These additives may be added to the acid-based fuel of the present invention after passing the compatibility test, provided that the unique properties of the acid-based fuel of the present invention are not significantly adversely affected. It is also possible to add a combination of additives to the acid-based fuel of the present invention, provided that the unique properties of the acid-based fuel of the present invention are not significantly adversely affected.

The inventors have found through extensive experiments that some commercially available products are acid-based fuels that can be used in the present invention, such as ethanol gasoline detergents produced by the Petrochemical Research Institute, and fuel-saving detergents produced by Henan Xinxiang Si Te Fuel-saving Agent Factory. Wait.

In addition to the conventional additives, the inventors of the present invention have found that the acid-based fuel of the present invention can also contain water as a combustion improver. Distilled water or deionized water is preferably used in view of avoiding the introduction of impurities due to the addition of water. Without wishing to be bound by a particular theory, the combustion-supporting effect of water can be explained as follows: First, water is decomposed under high temperature and high pressure conditions (for example, under the conditions of a gasoline engine) to generate hydrogen and oxygen and participate in the reaction. Secondly, under the conditions of the engine's combustion chamber, the water will rapidly vaporize and expand, thereby participating in the expansion work and promoting the contact of the fuel with the air.

Further, when the acid-based fuel of the present invention contains water, particularly distilled water or deionized water, distilled water or deionized water also functions as an octane modifier. As described above, the acid-based fuel of the present invention comprising dioxane and decyl alcohol has a higher octane number. Therefore, when the acid-based fuel of the present invention contains distilled water or deionized water, the octane number of the acid-based fuel of the present invention, more specifically, the octane number can be adjusted by adjusting the water content. The inventors of the present invention have found that in the acid-based fuel of the present invention, in the case where the content of diterpene ether and decyl alcohol is kept constant and is 100 parts by weight, the octyl of the acid-based fuel is added per 1 part by weight of water. The alkyl number will decrease by about 1.0.

More specifically, the inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive research work, and it has unexpectedly been found that the addition of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-nonylphenol as an antioxidant to the acid-based fuel of the present invention can reduce the present invention. The gum produced by the automatic oxidation of the ether-based fuel delays the oxidation of the fuel and prolongs the shelf life. When the acid-based fuel of the present invention contains 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-nonylphenol, the content of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-nonylphenol may be 0.005 - 0.5 part by weight, preferably 0.01 - 0.1 part by weight, Based on 100 parts by weight of the total amount of dioxane and decyl alcohol. The inventors of the present invention have found that if castor oil is contained in the acid-based fuel of the present invention, the function and effect of the acid-based fuel are further enhanced. In acid-based fuels, castor oil acts as a lubricant, viscosity modifier, active agent, and preservative. When the acid-based fuel of the present invention contains castor oil, corrosion and wear of engine parts can be reduced. The castor oil is preferably present in an amount of from 0.5 to 1.5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total amount of dimethyl ether and decyl alcohol.

Although the acid-based fuel of the present invention has a self-cleaning action, in order to further enhance the cleaning action of the ether-based fuel of the present invention, further increase the cleaning of the oil passage system and reduce the generation of engine carbon deposit, the acid-based fuel of the present invention may further contain Detergent. The inventors have found that it is preferred to add succinimide to the ether-based fuel of the present invention. Succinimide can remove the sludge and carbon deposits from the carburetor and crankcase system, reduce atmospheric pollution, reduce CO emissions, reduce HC (hydrocarbon) emissions, and reduce oil pumps and sprays. The wear of the nozzle prevents the cremation plug from coking and increases the power of the engine, thereby saving energy and improving fuel economy. In the acid-based fuel of the present invention, the content of the succinimide may be 0.005 - 0.02 parts by weight, preferably the content of the succinimide, based on 100 parts by weight of the total weight of the diterpene ether and the decyl alcohol. It is from 0.008 to 0.012 parts by weight.

The inventors have also surprisingly found that when the ether-based fuel of the present invention contains both castor oil, succinimide and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-nonylphenol, these three additives provide synergy. The acid-based fuel of the invention is more stable in quality, the combustion of the fuel is more sufficient, the engine is safe to operate and the power is sufficient.

The method for preparing the acid-based fuel of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the acid-based fuel of the present invention can be obtained by a conventional technique in the chemical industry. The preparation of the acid-based fuel of the present invention includes the addition of an additive, and the mixing of a diterpene ether and a decyl alcohol, in the case of containing an additive. In general, the additive can be added to the sterol and then mixed with the dimethyl ether. However, it is also possible to first mix the dioxane and the decyl alcohol, and then add the additive. For post-addition of additives, if agitation is required, it should be stirred slowly. For the mixing of dioxane and decyl alcohol, the mixing which can usually be obtained by using a gas absorption tower is a conventional technique in the chemical field. The ether-based fuel of the present invention is obtained by a method of physical absorption, and only relates to the absorption of dimethyl ether by decyl alcohol. In general, countercurrent absorption is typically selected to accomplish the preparation of the acid based fuels of the present invention. The invention does not have any limitation on the selection of the absorption tower, and a packed tower or a tray tower can be selected. The present invention also has no limitation on the absorption conditions. When the chemical engineering technician faces the specific purpose of sterol absorption of dioxane gas, the absorption tower and absorption are selected according to the basic chemical principle and the relative content required. condition. Generally speaking, regular The absorption of dimethyl ether by sterol can be accomplished by warm absorption.

This absorption process can be briefly described as follows: The diterpene ether gas is passed from the bottom of the absorption tower through a metering device (such as a gas distributor); at the same time, the sterol (or sterol premixed with the additive) is taken from the top of the column. When added, the gas-liquid two phases flow in the opposite direction in the absorption tower and are directly and sufficiently contacted, so that the diterpene ether gas is absorbed by the decyl alcohol. Depending on the choice of absorption tower and its efficiency, one-way absorption or cyclic absorption can be used. For cyclic absorption, the decyl ether-containing sterol (and optionally the additive) from the bottom of the column can be re-conveyed back to the top of the column and introduced into the column to re-deliver the gas from the top of the column back to the column. The bottom is introduced into the column, thereby repeating the absorption process of the diterpene ether gas. This repeated absorption can be performed as many times as needed. However, it will also be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the diterpene ether can be substantially dissolved in the decyl alcohol by a single pass absorption of the absorption column to provide the desired dioxane content without repeated absorption.

The stability of the acid-based fuel of the present invention is much higher than that of ordinary gasoline. This can be demonstrated from the induction period and the substantial colloidal content after the acid-based fuel of the present invention is stored for a long period of time. Second aspect of the invention

A second aspect of the invention relates to a novel acid-based fuel which is a fuel comprising diterpene ether, decyl alcohol and water. Moreover, the novel fuel can be composed of diterpene ether, decyl alcohol and water.

The acid-based fuel of the second aspect of the present invention does not contain a main component of gasoline, i.e., the acid-based fuel of the present invention does not contain a C4 or higher alkane, such as a C4-C10 alkane, benzene or the like. As used herein, "does not contain hydrocarbons above C4" means that no hydrocarbons of C4 or more are intentionally added.

The acid-based fuel of the present invention mainly contains didecyl ether, decyl alcohol and water. In general, in the acid-based fuel of the present invention, the content of the diterpene ether may be 4 to 12 parts by weight, and the content of the decyl alcohol may be 88 to 96 parts by weight, and the content of water is 5.3 parts by weight to 16.3 parts by weight. Wherein the total weight of diterpene ether and decyl alcohol is 100 parts by weight. Preferably, in the acid-based fuel, the content of the diterpene ether is 5 to 9 parts by weight, the content of the decyl alcohol is 91 to 95 parts by weight, and the content of water is 6.4 parts by weight to 14 parts by weight, wherein the diterpene ether and The total weight of the sterol is 100 parts by weight. More preferably, in the acid-based fuel, the content of the diterpene ether is 5 to 9 parts by weight, the content of the decyl alcohol is 91 to 95 parts by weight, and the content of water is 6.4 parts by weight to 11.1 parts by weight, wherein the diterpene ether The total weight of the sterols is 100 parts by weight.

The dioxime ether and decyl alcohol used in the second aspect of the invention are the same as the dioxane and sterol of the above first aspect.

The water used in the second aspect of the invention preferably means distilled water or deionized water to avoid Impurities are introduced in the addition of water.

In the acid-based fuel of the second aspect of the invention, water can be used as a combustion improver. Without wishing to be bound by a particular theory, the combustion-supporting effect of water can be explained as follows: First, water is decomposed under high temperature and high pressure conditions (for example, under the condition of a gasoline engine) to generate hydrogen and oxygen and participate in the reaction. Second, water rapidly vaporizes and expands under the conditions of the engine's combustion chamber, thereby participating in expansion work and promoting fuel-to-air contact.

Further, when the acid-based fuel of the second aspect of the invention contains water, particularly distilled water or deionized water, distilled water or deionized water also functions as an octane modifier. As described above, the acid-based fuel of the present invention comprising dioxane and decyl alcohol has a higher octane number. Therefore, when the ether-based fuel of the present invention contains distilled water or deionized water, the octane number of the acid-based fuel of the present invention, more specifically, the octane number can be adjusted by adjusting the water content. The inventors of the present invention have found that in the acid-based fuel of the present invention, in the case where the content of diterpene ether and decyl alcohol is kept constant and is 100 parts by weight, the octyl of the acid-based fuel is added per 1 part by weight of water. The alkyl number will decrease by about 1.0. For example, an acid-based fuel that does not contain water generally has an octane number of greater than 100, and when it contains 6-9 parts by weight of water, the acid-base fuel has an octane number of about 93 - 97, and is usually used from No. 93 to No. 97. Gasoline is similar.

The acid-based fuel of the second aspect of the invention preferably contains a certain amount of water, and part of the water present therein can not only adjust the octane number of the acid-based fuel to a desired level, but also serve as a combustion-supporting effect, thereby improving the fuel. Utilization efficiency. In addition, in the case of consuming the same level of fuel, the actual fuel consumption is reduced due to the presence of water, and the fuel consumption is indirectly reduced without the consumption of moisture.

Further, it is not necessary to use an expensive water-free substance in selecting a raw material for preparing the acid-based fuel of the present invention, so that fuel cost can be saved. For example, the acid-based fuel of the present invention can be formulated into a fuel having a water content of at most 14% (that is, a water content of up to 16.3 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of dioxane and decyl alcohol), at this time, the raw material For example, the moisture contained in sterols is more tolerant. That is, it is possible to use a sterol having a water content of up to 10% by weight.

Meanwhile, after further detailed research, the inventors have also found that when the water content of the acid-based fuel of the second aspect of the invention is from 5.3 parts by weight to 14 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight total of dinonyl ether and decyl alcohol The fuel consumption reduction value and other properties of the acid-based fuel of the second aspect of the invention are maintained at a significantly higher level.

The acid-based fuel of the second aspect of the invention may be used without any additional additives.

The ether-based fuel of the second aspect of the invention of course also has the ether-based fuel tool of the first aspect of the invention There are advantages.

More particularly, the acid-based fuel of the second aspect of the invention is also self-cleaning. Without wishing to be bound by a particular theory, the inventors of the present invention believe that since sterol has good solubility, it can effectively prevent carbon deposits in spark plugs, combustion chambers, valves, exhaust mufflers, etc., and prevent oil clogging, and Avoid self-cleaning due to failures caused by carbon deposits and blockages. Surprisingly, the acid-based fuel of the present invention can accomplish this self-cleaning function without the addition of any other additives.

The second aspect of the invention has its own unique advantages in addition to self-cleaning.

For example, as described above, the octane number and combustion support can be adjusted for the water present in the acid-based fuel. In addition, the presence of water can also improve the combustion performance of the fuel, prevent or reduce the pollution of the environment to the environment, and contribute to energy conservation.

The acid-based fuel of the second aspect of the invention can be used in various vehicles. The acid-based fuel of the second aspect of the invention can be used in various gasoline engines such as an EFI engine and a carburetor engine.

The acid-based fuel of the second aspect of the invention may also be added with other components or additives depending on the needs of the particular application to further improve the corresponding properties of the resulting fuel.

These additives may be selected from those conventional additives for gasoline, for example, catalysts, oxidizers, antioxidants, combustion improvers, detergents, and the like. It is also possible to add a combination of additives to the acid-based fuel of the second aspect of the invention as long as it does not significantly adversely affect the unique properties of the acid-based fuel of the present invention. For a description of the various additives, reference may be made to the above detailed description of the first aspect of the invention. Similarly, the inventors have also surprisingly found that when the acid-based fuel of the second aspect of the invention contains both castor oil, succinimide and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-nonylphenol, these three The catalysts provide a synergistic effect to make the acid-based fuel of the present invention more stable in quality, more efficient in fuel combustion, safe in engine operation, and sufficient in power.

The method for preparing the acid-based fuel of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the ether-based fuel of the present invention can be obtained by a conventional technique in the chemical industry. The preparation of the ether-based fuels of the invention includes the addition of water and optionally other additives, as well as the mixing of dioxane and decyl alcohol. In general, optional additional additives are added to the decyl alcohol, mixed with the dimethyl ether, and then water is added. Alternatively, the dimethyl ether and sterol may be mixed first, followed by water and optionally other additives. . For post-addition of additives, if agitation is required, it should be stirred slowly. For the mixing of diterpene ether and sterol, usually This gas mixture is used to obtain this mixing. It is a conventional technique in the chemical industry to use a gas absorption tower to carry out the absorption of gas by a liquid to obtain a mixture of liquid and gas. The ether-based fuel of the present invention is obtained by a method of physical absorption, and only relates to the absorption of dimethyl ether by decyl alcohol. In general, countercurrent absorption is typically selected to accomplish the preparation of the acid based fuels of the present invention. The invention does not have any limitation on the selection of the absorption tower, and a packed tower or a tray tower can be selected. The present invention also has no limitation on the absorption conditions. When the chemical engineering technician faces the specific purpose of sterol absorption of dioxane gas, the absorption tower and absorption are selected according to the basic chemical principle and the relative content required. condition. In general, absorption of dioxins by sterols can be accomplished by absorption at room temperature.

This absorption process can be briefly described as follows: The dimer ether gas is passed from the bottom of the absorption column through a metering device such as a gas distributor; at the same time, the sterol (or sterol premixed with optional other additives) When it is added from the top of the column, the gas-liquid two phases flow in the opposite direction in the absorption tower, and are directly and sufficiently contacted, so that the diterpene ether gas is absorbed by the sterol. Depending on the choice of absorption tower and its efficiency, one-way absorption or cyclic absorption can be used. For cyclic absorption, the dimethyl ether-containing sterol (and optionally the optional other additives) from the bottom of the column can be re-conveyed back to the top of the column and introduced into the column to remove the gas from the top of the column. It is re-conveyed back to the bottom of the column and introduced into the column, thereby repeating the absorption process of the diterpene ether gas. This repeated absorption can be performed as many times as needed. However, it will also be apparent to those skilled in the art that the diterpene ether can be substantially dissolved in the decyl alcohol by a single pass absorption of the absorber to provide the desired diterpenic acid content without repeated absorption. The acid-based fuel of the present invention is much more stable than ordinary gasoline. This can be demonstrated from the induction period and the substantial colloidal content of the acid-based fuel of the present invention.

In general, the acid-based fuel of the second aspect of the present invention is obtained by mixing with a pure substance. At the same time, if the sterol as a raw material already contains water, the amount of water should be taken into account. When calculating the baseline amount and the amount of mixed water, the water content already existing in other raw materials should be considered. For example, if the target acid-based fuel contains 8 parts by weight of dimethyl ether, 92 parts by weight of decyl alcohol and 8 parts by weight of water, and the raw material sterol contains 6% water, it should be used: 8 parts by weight of dimethyl ether, 97.9 weight Part of sterol, 2.1 parts by weight of water.

The acid-based fuel in the second aspect of the invention can achieve the effect of saving fuel as an alternative energy source. Under the same conditions of engine use, the fuel savings can be as high as 10% - 20%.

Further, the ether-based fuel of the second aspect of the invention may be mixed with various gasolines to form a mixed fuel for use in various engines. However, since such a mixed fuel may cause emulsification or delamination due to a relatively large amount of water, it is not preferable to use it. The invention will now be further described by way of specific examples. However, the invention is not limited by these specific examples.

Example

The sources of raw materials used in the following examples are as follows:

Sterol: purchased from Beijing Chemical Plant, with a content of 99%;

Dioxin: purchased from Hebei Hunchun Dioxin Development Co., Ltd., with a content of 99.5%;

2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-phenol: purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.;

Castor oil: purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., with a content of 99%;

Succinimide: purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., with a content of 98.8-100.5%; the water used is homemade distilled water.

Acid based fuel example 1

In a conventional absorption tower, dioxane was absorbed in methanol by a countercurrent absorption method to obtain a decyl alcohol solution having a diterpene ether concentration of 5% by weight, thereby obtaining an acid-based fuel 1.

Acid based fuel example 2

In the same manner as in the acid-based fuel example 1, in the above-mentioned absorption tower, diterpene ether was absorbed in methanol by a countercurrent absorption method to obtain a decyl alcohol solution having a diterpene ether concentration of 9 wt%, thereby obtaining an acid-based fuel 2 .

Acid based fuel example 3

In a transparent container, 10 kg of the acid-based fuel 1 prepared as described above and 530 g of water were mixed to obtain an ether-based fuel 3.

Acid based fuel example 4

In a transparent container, 10 kg of the acid-based fuel 2 prepared as described above and 640 g of water were mixed to obtain an ether-based fuel 4.

Acid based fuel example 5

In a transparent container, 10 kg of the acid-based fuel 1 obtained as described above and 11 lOg of water were mixed to obtain an ether-based fuel 5.

Acid based fuel example 6

In a transparent container, 10 kg of the acid-based fuel 2 prepared as described above and 1400 g of water were mixed to obtain an ether-based fuel 6.

Acid based fuel example 7 In a transparent container, 10 kg of the acid-based fuel 1 prepared as described above and 1630 g of water were mixed to obtain an ether-based fuel 7.

Acid based fuel example 8

Lg 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-nonylphenol, lg succinimide, and 100 g of castor oil were added to 10 kg of the acid-based fuel 1 prepared as described above, and gently stirred to obtain an acid-based fuel 8 .

Acid based fuel example 9

Lg 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-nonylphenol, lg succinimide, 900 g of water and 100 g of castor oil were added to 10 kg of the acid-based fuel 1 prepared as described above, and stirred slightly to obtain an acid-based fuel 9 . Storage test

1. The prepared acid-based fuels 1 _ 9 were each sealed and stored at ambient temperature overnight, and then visually observed, no delamination was observed.

2. The prepared acid-based fuels 1 - 9 were each taken at 1000 _g , and then stored in a sealed state. After storage at ambient temperature for 3 months, visual observation was observed, and no delamination was observed. Octane measurement

The octane number of the acid-based fuel 1 - 9 obtained above was measured in accordance with the GB/T 5487 gasoline octane number measurement method (study method), and the measurement results are shown in Table 1. Stability test

The prepared acid-based fuel 1 - 9 was placed under ambient conditions for 3 months, and then the gel content was measured according to GB/T 8019, and the induction period was measured in accordance with GB/T 8018, and the measurement results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

Example No. Component (wt%) Octane Number (RON) Gum Content Induction Period

Dioxin sterol (mg/100mL) (minutes) ether-based fuel 1 5 95 > 100 1 1500 ether-based fuel 2 9 91 > 100 1 1700

Ether-based fuel 3 10kg ether-based fuel 1 530g 98 1 1000 ether-based fuel 4 10kg ether-based fuel 2 640g 98 1 1000 ether-based fuel 5 10kg ether-based fuel 1 H lOg 98 1 1500 ether-based fuel 6 10kg ether-based fuel 2 1400g 96 1 1800 Ether-based fuel 7 10kg Ether-based fuel 1 1630g 92 1 2000 Ether-based fuel 8* 10kg Ether-based fuel 1 0 > 100 1 1000 Ether-based fuel 9* 10kg Ether-based fuel 1 900g 98 1 1500

Note *: Acid-based fuels 8 and 9 also contain about 0.01% of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-phenol, about 0.01

% of succinimide and about 1% of castor oil. Vehicle 2km operation test

The fuel tank gasoline of ^^Huajiang Automobile (Dongan 462 engine) is drained, and the above acid-based fuel is used.

_ 9 each take 2 kg and put it in the fuel tank. After the ignition is started, after a test fire for 10 minutes, a 2 km test run is carried out (the road condition is a highway with an average speed of about 80 km/h). The above operation results were compared with those of the No. 93 motor gasoline (produced by Sinopec Beijing Co., Ltd.) in accordance with the following comparison items 1 - 4. The comparison item 1-3 is judged by the subjective feeling of the driver who has 10 years of driving experience. Item 4: Calculate the fuel consumption by draining the remaining fuel from the fuel tank and weighing the weight.

Comparison project:

Engine combustion

2. Vehicle operating conditions

3. Does the exhaust pipe emit visible impurities (for example, black smoke, etc.) (the exhaust pipe needs to be lengthened so that the driver can see the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust pipe;).

4. How does the fuel consumption compare with gasoline?

The above comparison results are shown in Table 2. In the column "Engine Burning Situation" in Table 2, "0)" indicates that the engine combustion condition is equal to or better than that of No. 93 motor gasoline; "X" indicates that the engine combustion condition is inferior to that of No. 93 motor gasoline.

In the “Vehicle Operation” column of Table 2, it indicates that the vehicle's operating condition is equal to or better than that of the No. 93 motor gasoline; “X” indicates that the vehicle is inferior to the No. 93 motor gasoline.

In the column "Whether the exhaust pipe emits visible impurities" in Table 2, it means that no emissions are visible. Impurity; "x" means that visible impurities are emitted.

In the column "How does the fuel consumption compare with gasoline" in Table 2, it means that the fuel consumption is equal to or better than that of No. 93 motor gasoline; "X" means that the fuel consumption is inferior to that of No. 93 motor gasoline. Vehicle long distance running test

Repeat the above formula test of the acid-based fuel 1 - 9, except that the amount of each component is increased to 10 times the original amount, so as to be used for the same Songhuajiang automobile for the 600 km long distance test, and according to the above method, Evaluate vehicle operation. The long-distance running test uses high-speed road sections with an average speed of 100 km / h. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.

The inventors have found that consistently good results have been obtained for short distances, long distances, and different vehicle types when using the ether-based fuel of the present invention for the above operational tests. Therefore, the results in Table 2 below represent the above operation. All results of the trial.

Table 2

Note: Water consumption is not included in the fuel consumption value here. As can be seen from the results of Tables 1 and 2, the acid-based fuel of the first aspect of the invention and the invention The acid-based fuel of the second aspect can be used in various gasoline engines for vehicles, and the fuel consumption is basically equivalent to that of commercially available gasoline. The results of Tables 1 and 2 also confirmed that the acid-based fuels of the first and second aspects of the invention can be used alone. The results in Table 1 also confirmed that the acid-based fuel of the first aspect of the present invention has a higher octane number and exceeds 98 or more. The results in Table 1 also confirm that the acid-based fuel of the second aspect of the invention has a higher octane number, mostly greater than 97.

When using a carburetor engine (by adjusting the intake valve, ignition advance angle), the fuel consumption (excluding water consumption) is lower than that of commercially available gasoline.

The above-mentioned acid-based fuels 1 to 9, were subjected to a folding process, copper sheet corrosion, and lead content detection. The distillation process is tested in accordance with GB/T6536, the copper corrosion test is carried out in accordance with GB/T5096, and the lead content is tested in GB/T8020. The test results are shown in Table 3 below.

table 3

90% evaporation temperature °C 71 79 84 78 77 Final point °c 92 86 97 93 93 Residual %(v/v) 1 1 1 1 1 Copper corrosion grade 1 1 1 1 1

(50.C, 3h)

Lead g/L 0.002 0.001 0.002 0.001 0.002 As can be seen from the results of Table 3, the acid-based fuels of the present invention all obtained good results. Exhaust emission detection

According to GB 18285-2005, use Chery SQR7080 car (engine model SQR372FD) and Songhuajiang mini ordinary bus (the old car of carburetor facing the end of life, running in October 1999, running for 400 years in eight years, the engine model is Dongan 462 type). Exhaust emission measurements were made on the above acid-based fuels 1 -9 .

The measurement results are shown in Table 4 below.

*The above result is the arithmetic mean of the three measurements. Table 4 (continued, measured with engine model Dongan 462) \ Fuel ether ether ether ether ether ether ether ether ether ether ether ether remarks fuel fuel fuel fuel fuel fuel fuel fuel national emission standards project \ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 GB 18285-2005 high idle speed

CO(%) 0.16 0.05 0.18 0.15 0.18 0.06 0.18 0.15 0.17 3.0

HC (ppm) 562 575 520 498 533 560 520 552 658 900

NOx (ppm) 12 21 23 15 14 20 23 79 14

Low idle speed

CO(%) 0.22 0.15 0.08 0.16 0.22 0.08 0.08 0.31 0.26 4.5

HC(ppm) 569 505 515 543 529 515 517 583 591 900

NOx (ppm) 9 17 18 9 8 17 18 6 8

*The above result is the arithmetic mean of the three measurements.

As can be seen from Table 4, with the acid-based fuel of the present invention, the emission pollutants of the exhaust gas are significantly lower than the national standards of our country.

The acid-based fuel of the invention has the advantages of high octane number, increased power, low energy consumption, high cleanliness, good versatility, long shelf life, wide source and the like. Due to the high octane number, the acid-based fuel of the present invention is more suitable for a high compression ratio engine, thereby increasing the power. In general, the acid-based fuel of the present invention has a high octane number, and can be added to the composition to increase the calorific value component, and in the case of adaptive adjustment of the vehicle (reducing the intake air and adjusting the ignition advance angle), The consumption rate is reduced by 5%. The acid-based fuel of the invention is a high oxygen-containing fuel, and the combustion pollutants CO, C0 ₂ +HC can be reduced by 50%-80% due to complete combustion, and the carcinogen benzene and sulfur emission coefficient is zero. At the same time, it can effectively remove the carbon supply from the vehicle and the combustion system, and prolong the service life of the engine. The acid-based fuel of the invention has good versatility and can be directly used without changing the structure and parameters of the engine; and the inventors have found that under the condition of adjusting the small damper and adjusting the ignition advance angle, the engine power can be further improved and stabilized. run. The induction period of the acid-based fuel of the present invention is more than double that of the national standard gasoline. Long-term stable storage, which can extend the time required for storage, transportation, sales and use.

Claims

Rights request

1. An acid-based fuel comprising dioxane, decyl alcohol and water.

2. The acid-based fuel of claim 1 wherein the diterpene ether is present in an amount of from 4 to 12 parts by weight, the sterol content is from 88 to 96 parts by weight, and the water is present in an amount of from 5.3 parts by weight to 16.3 parts by weight, wherein the dimethyl ether The total weight of the sterols is 100 parts by weight.

3. The acid-based fuel of claim 1, wherein the diterpene ether is present in an amount of from 5 to 9 parts by weight, the sterol content is from 91 to 95 parts by weight, and the water content is from 6.4 parts by weight to 14 parts by weight, wherein the diterpene ether The total weight of the sterols is 100 parts by weight.

The acid-based fuel according to claim 1, wherein the diterpene ether is contained in an amount of 5 - 9 parts by weight, the sterol content is 91 - 95 parts by weight, and the water content is 6.4 parts by weight to 11.1 parts by weight, wherein the dimethyl ether The total weight of the sterols is 100 parts by weight.

The acid-based fuel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the acid-based fuel is composed of dinonyl ether, decyl alcohol and water.

6. The acid-based fuel of any of claims 1 - 5, wherein the acid-based fuel is an automotive fuel.

7. The acid-based fuel of any of claims 1 - 6, wherein the acid-based fuel is a gasoline engine fuel, preferably a fuel for a carburetor engine.