CN102127473A - Ether-base fuel - Google Patents
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- CN102127473A CN102127473A CN2010100007159A CN201010000715A CN102127473A CN 102127473 A CN102127473 A CN 102127473A CN 2010100007159 A CN2010100007159 A CN 2010100007159A CN 201010000715 A CN201010000715 A CN 201010000715A CN 102127473 A CN102127473 A CN 102127473A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
- C10L1/023—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for spark ignition
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Abstract
The invention relates to a novel clean fuel, and in particular, the invention relates to a clean ether-base fuel. The ether-base fuel of the invention comprises dimethyl ether, methanol and water. More specifically, the ether-base fuel can be formed only by dimethyl ether, methanol and water. The ether-base fuel of the invention can substitute gasoline, is applicable to automobiles and other vehicles with a petrol engine or power equipment, and is especially applicable to carburetor engines. The ether-base fuel of the invention preferably contains a certain amount of water, so no expensive anhydrous material is necessary during the selection of raw materials for the preparation of the ether-base fuel of the invention, and the fuel cost is saved; meanwhile, the ether-base fuel of the invention can be prepared into a fuel with a water content of up to 14%, so the oil consumption of the engine is reduced without the loss of dynamic performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of novel clean fuel, particularly, a kind of ether fuel of cleaning.This ether fuel comprises dme, first alcohol and water.More specifically, this ether fuel can only be made up of dme, first alcohol and water.
Background technology
As everyone knows, oil is as a kind of non-renewable resource, plays a part indispensable in the social life of a country and national defense construction.Along with improving constantly of China's living standards of the people, automobile has progressed into common people's family.For example, Beijing has just just entered the epoch of 4,000,000 amount automobiles now.Therefore, along with the increase of automobile pollution, the needs of gasoline are also being increased day by day.The crude production rate of China can not satisfy the flourish needs of domestic economy far away.Now, China becomes crude oil net importer from crude exports state, and most of crude oil of China is dependence on import all.The aggravation of this situation will seriously restrict further developing of China's economy, even can have influence on the national defense safety of China.Therefore, need find a kind ofly to need not to use petroleum, thereby also just need not vehicle fuel from external Imported oil.
In addition, along with popularizing of automobile, a large amount of exhaust emissionss make automobile bringing people's life simultaneously easily in atmospheric environment, also bring people's various diseases, particularly respiratory tract disease.In recent years, motor vehicle exhaust becomes the people's attention focus.In order to reduce the variety of issue that motor vehicle exhaust brings, countries in the world have proposed strict requirement to vehicle exhaust, comprise that there is related request in the U.S., and there is Europe IV standard in Europe, Japan has carried out allegedly the strictest standard, and China also is equivalent to the standard of Europe III or Europe IV in implementation.And each country will be strict further for the requirement of exhaust emissions.For example, each state formulation exhaust emission standard stricter than American National Standard separately agreed by the U.S..State IV standards has been carried out in advance at the eve that hosts the Olympic Games in Beijing, and will carry out state V standard as early as possible.Therefore, need a kind of clean fuel that can substitute present employed motor spirit, this fuel is when satisfying the function of motor spirit, and exhaust emissions is clean environment firendly more.
Benzene is the carcinogens of generally acknowledging, it because evaporation and burning, exhaust emissions enter atmosphere, brings direct influence to human beings'health in gasoline.Therefore, all this index is limited in European Union, Britain, Australia and the Russian gasoline standard, general provision is for being not more than 5% (v/v).According to Beijing's provincial standard, require the content of benzene to be not more than 1.0 volume %.But as environmental requirement, national governments and appropriate authority also may propose stricter restriction.
Aromatic hydrocarbons is a kind of gasoline blender with higher octane and high heating value.But can cause the formation of carcinogens benzene after its burning, and easily increase the carbon deposit of combustion chamber and increase CO
2Discharging.It is generally acknowledged that the content of benzene and other aromatic hydrocarbons is big more in the gasoline, then the benzene content in the products of combustion is big more.Therefore, aromaticity content will help environment because of the discharging that reduces benzene in the tail gas in the reduction gasoline.
China is a big coal country, and coal reserves is very abundant.With the abundant in coal resource conversion is that oil fuel is a research direction always.With coal conversion is methyl alcohol, and then is converted into the important directions that dme also is present coal utilization again.Units such as Shaanxi New-type fuel burner company have worked out ether-base gasoline additive, this additive comprises the dme of 5-37%, the low-carbon alcohol compounds of 10-60%, the C5-10 hydrocarbon compound of 10-50%, the alkylphenol of 0.1-5% is to the alkylphenol of Soxylat A 25-7 and 0.05-0.5%.This additive is mixed with gasoline, can produce ether-base composite gasoline.Chinese invention patent application CN98112948.X has also disclosed a kind of ether-base gasoline additive, and it is made up of following component: 15.5% dme, 42% methyl alcohol, 39% benzene, 3.3% alkylphenol polyoxyethylene and 0.2%2,6-ditertbutylparacresol.Influenced by this, the annual production of China's dme can reach millions of tons at present.Yet above-mentioned two kinds of ether-base gasoline additives are because the production cost height, and all contain a large amount of benzene, make the gasoline that is added with these two kinds of ether-base gasoline additives will can't satisfy in the existing gasoline standard requirement to benzene content at all.And, think that in gasoline adding benzene will inevitably cause also that benzene content sharply raises in the gasoline combustion product, thereby environment and human body are damaged.Now, numerous dme manufacturer is in limited production owing to the product marketing problem or stops production, and waits for the difficult condition of looking around.
Therefore, if can use dme to produce clean fuel, not only do not worry raw material sources, and can solve the present problem of these producers.
Though the standard of methanol gasoline is is now issued and implemented, because the substance characteristics of methyl alcohol makes methanol gasoline still have some problems: the one, methyl alcohol engine cold-start difficulty, burning poor with respect to the volatility of gasolene ingredient, that cause the use methanol gasoline is insufficient; The 2nd, the mutual solubility of methyl alcohol and gasoline is poor, and the quality guaranteed period is short, layering apt to deteriorate; The 3rd, substitute than low (promptly needing to use about 1.6-1.7 part methyl alcohol to substitute 1 part gasoline), the 4th, if do not change engine structure, methanol gasoline burns insufficient in available engine, the dynamic property deficiency.
Summary of the invention
In a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention relates to a kind of ether fuel, it comprises dme and methyl alcohol.
In the preferred implementation of this first aspect, the content of dme is the 4-12 weight part in this ether fuel, and the content of methyl alcohol is the 88-96 weight part, and wherein the gross weight of dme and methyl alcohol is 100 weight parts.
In the preferred implementation of this first aspect, the content of dme is the 5-9 weight part in this ether fuel, and the content of methyl alcohol is the 91-95 weight part, and wherein the gross weight of dme and methyl alcohol is 100 weight parts.
In a kind of embodiment of this first aspect, ether fuel of the present invention is made up of dme and methyl alcohol.
In a kind of embodiment of this first aspect, ether fuel of the present invention is automobile fuel.
In a kind of embodiment of this first aspect, ether fuel of the present invention is gasoline engine fuel.
Second aspect present invention relates to the ether fuel that comprises dme, first alcohol and water.
In the preferred implementation of second aspect present invention, the content of dme is the 4-12 weight part in this ether fuel, the content of methyl alcohol is the 88-96 weight part, and the content of water is 5.3 weight part to 16.3 weight parts, and wherein the gross weight of dme and methyl alcohol is 100 weight parts.Further, in this ether fuel, the content of dme is the 5-9 weight part, and the content of methyl alcohol is the 91-95 weight part, and the content of water is 6.4 weight part to 14 weight parts, and wherein the gross weight of dme and methyl alcohol is 100 weight parts.Further, in this ether fuel, the content of dme is the 5-9 weight part, and the content of methyl alcohol is the 91-95 weight part, and the content of water is 6.4 weight part to 11.1 weight parts, and wherein the gross weight of dme and methyl alcohol is 100 weight parts.
In a kind of embodiment of this second aspect, ether fuel of the present invention is made up of dme, first alcohol and water.
In a kind of embodiment of this second aspect, ether fuel of the present invention is automobile fuel.
In a kind of embodiment of this second aspect, ether fuel of the present invention is gasoline engine fuel, preferably is used for the fuel of carburetor engine.
Think that in the prior art the moisture content in the liquid fuel should be lacked as far as possible, in gasoline standard, require not have moisture to exist, and in the standard of ethanol petrol, require moisture content less than 0.8%.And ether fuel of the present invention preferably contains a certain amount of water, and the portion water of Cun Zaiing not only can be adjusted to the octane value of ether fuel required level here, can also play combustion-supporting effect, has improved the utilising efficiency of fuel.In addition, under the situation that consumes peer-level fuel, because the existence of water, then the consumption of natural fuel will be reduced, and under the situation of the consumption of disregarding moisture, reduce oil consumption indirectly.
In addition, selecting or preparing unnecessaryly in the raw material process of ether fuel of the present invention to use expensive anhydrous substances, and relevant dewatering process, thereby can the fuel economy cost.For example, ether fuel of the present invention can be formulated as moisture at the most 14% fuel (also promptly, in the dme and the methyl alcohol of 100 weight parts, the content of water can reach 16.3 weight parts), at this moment, to raw material, for example the tolerance of contained humidity is bigger in the methyl alcohol.That is to say, might use the methyl alcohol of water content up to 10 weight %.
Embodiment
The present inventor is through a large amount of test and screening, finds to use the New-type fuel that comprises dme and methyl alcohol to solve or part overcomes the problems referred to above of this area unexpectedly.
A first aspect of the present invention
A first aspect of the present invention relates to a kind of novel ether fuel, and this novel ether fuel is based on the fuel of dme.Particularly, this novel ether fuel comprises dme and methyl alcohol.
Novel ether fuel of the present invention does not use petroleum resources, and the gasoline that can replace deriving from oil fully acts as a fuel and is used for automotive industry.Up to now, can't reckon with that from prior art comprising dme and methyl alcohol can be used as fuel as the composition of main ingredient and use, particularly can be used as vehicle fuel and make and be used for gasoline replacing.Can't reckon with at all that from prior art the ether fuel of being made up of dme and methyl alcohol can replace gasoline commonly used to be used for the fuel of automobile fuel or other vehicles and power-equipment fully.
Gasoline is the mixture of C4-C10 alkane normally, and contains materials such as benzene and toluene.
Ether fuel of the present invention does not contain the gasoline main ingredient, and ether fuel promptly of the present invention does not contain the above alkane of C4, C4-C10 alkane for example, benzene or the like.In this article, " do not contain the above hydrocarbon of C4 " and be meant and do not have a mind to add the above hydrocarbon of C4.
Ether fuel of the present invention mainly comprises dme and methyl alcohol.Generally speaking, in ether fuel of the present invention, the content of dme can be the 4-12 weight part, and the content of methyl alcohol can be the 88-96 weight part, and wherein the gross weight of dme and methyl alcohol is 100 weight parts.Preferably, in this ether fuel, the content of dme is the 5-9 weight part, and the content of methyl alcohol is the 91-95 weight part, and wherein the gross weight of dme and methyl alcohol is 100 weight parts.
Below these two kinds of components are described in detail.
Dme is a kind of colourless, tasteless and nontoxic compound.Dme is gas under normal temperature and normal pressure.Its molecular weight is 46, and oxygen level is 35, and air-fuel ratio is 9, and empty combustion heat vale of mixture is higher than diesel oil (3067/2911), and cetane value is 60 (than the high 5-12 of a diesel oil unit), and CO and HC hang down 55% and 86% respectively than gasoline in the exhaust emissions.Therefore, the ratio of combustion gasoline of dme is more complete, and products of combustion is than more environmental protection of gasoline.The combustionproperty of dme and good mechanical property, explosive power is strong, and these performances all are better than methyl tertiary butyl ether.
The molecular weight of methyl alcohol is 32, and oxygen level is 50%, and air-fuel ratio is 6.4 (gasoline is 14.8), and octane value is 112 (than the high 15-22 of a gasoline unit), and empty combustion heat vale of mixture is lower than gasoline (2656/2786) slightly, and pollutant effulent is better than gasoline.The wide material sources of methyl alcohol more can directly be prepared by coal, and cost is lower.
Dme used in the present invention and methyl alcohol can be the twice-laid stuff of the discarded recycle of fertilizer plant from coal-based Poly-generation, wide material sources, and with low cost.
Ether fuel of the present invention has the advantage of high cleanburning (thereby high clean emission) of dme and high-octane advantage of methyl alcohol simultaneously, therefore, this ether fuel can have octane value height, sufficient combustion, exhaust emission is low, and raw material is easy to get and advantage with low cost.Ether fuel of the present invention can satisfy the every requirement of automobile industry to gasoline, thereby replaces gasoline commonly used to use as the fuel of automobile.
More particularly, ether fuel of the present invention also has self-cleaning characteristics.Do not wish to be subject to concrete theory, the present inventor thinks because methyl alcohol has the good solubility energy, can effectively avoid at positions such as sparking plug, combustion chamber, valve, vapor pipe sourdine formation carbon deposit, prevent that oil circuit from stopping up, and avoid the fault that causes because of carbon deposit and obstruction, so produced automatic cleaning action.Be that ether fuel of the present invention can be finished this self-cleaning function surprisingly under the situation of not adding any additives.
Therefore, ether fuel of the present invention can be realized the effect of clean burning, cleaning discharging and protection vehicle.
Can reach the effect of regulating octane value by the content of dme and methyl alcohol in the adjusting ether fuel.Generally speaking, along with the content reduction of methyl alcohol, the octane value of ether fuel of the present invention also can decrease.But because the octane value of methyl alcohol itself is very high, therefore, under the situation of not using octane value properties-correcting agent, the octane value of ether fuel of the present invention all can be than higher.
Ether fuel of the present invention can not use any additives, that is to say, ether fuel of the present invention can only be made up of dme and methyl alcohol.Yet, according to the needs of concrete application, also can add other component or additive, so that further improve some performance of gained fuel.
Because novel ether fuel of the present invention is different from conventional oil (for example gasoline and diesel oil), therefore, conventional gasoline dope might not can be used in ether fuel of the present invention.Before the additive with routine is used for ether fuel of the present invention, must at first carry out compatibility test.The compatibility test here is meant that additive to be used can be dissolved in the ether fuel of the present invention, and can keep stable existence, and does not change the proterties of ether fuel of the present invention.Have only the additive that those and ether fuel of the present invention can be compatible just might be used for ether fuel of the present invention.In addition, should be noted that also the adding of additive can not influence the special performance of ether fuel of the present invention significantly unfriendly, for example cleanliness etc.
The regular price gasoline additive that may be used for ether fuel of the present invention comprises, for example, and catalyzer, burning agent, antioxidant, ignition dope, purification agent, octane promoter, metal passivator, inhibiter, deicing agent, anticorrosive agent, smoke suppressor or the like.Through compatibility test after the assay was approved, these additives can be joined in the ether fuel of the present invention, condition is that the special performance that does not significantly influence ether fuel of the present invention unfriendly gets final product.The combination that also can add additive in ether fuel of the present invention, condition are that the special performance that does not significantly influence ether fuel of the present invention unfriendly gets final product.
The contriver finds that by a large amount of tests some commercially available prod can be used for ether fuel of the present invention, the ethanol gasoline detergent produced of petrochemical industry research institute for example, the fuel economizing purification agent that Si Te oil-saving agent factory in Xinxiang, Henan produces etc.
Except conventional additives, the present inventor finds that ether fuel of the present invention can also comprise water as ignition dope.Consider that the adding of avoiding owing to water brings impurity into, preferably use distilled water or deionized water.Do not wish to be subject to concrete theory, the combustion-supporting effect of water can be made description below: at first, water is (for example, under the petrolic condition) under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, can decompose, and produces hydrogen and oxygen, and participate in reaction.Secondly, water is under the condition of engine chamber, and gasification is also expanded rapidly, thereby participates in the acting of expanding, and promotes contacting of fuel and air.
In addition, contain water in ether fuel of the present invention, particularly distilled water or deionized water the time, distilled water or deionized water have also played the effect of octane value properties-correcting agent.As previously mentioned, it is higher to comprise the octane value of ether fuel of the present invention of dme and methyl alcohol.Therefore, when ether fuel of the present invention contains distilled water or deionized water, can also regulate the octane value of ether fuel of the present invention, reduce octane value more specifically by adjusting the content of water.The present inventor finds, in ether fuel of the present invention, remains unchanged and is under the situation of 100 weight parts at the content of dme and methyl alcohol, and the water of every adding 1 weight part, the octane value of ether fuel will reduce about 1.0.
More particularly, the present inventor is through number of research projects, against expectation find in ether fuel of the present invention, to add 2, the 6-ditertbutylparacresol is as antioxidant, the colloid that can reduce ether fuel of the present invention autoxidation and produce, delay oxidized, prolong and guarantee the quality the time.When ether fuel of the present invention contained 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol, the content of 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol can be the 0.005-0.5 weight part, and preferred 0.01-0.1 weight part is based on the dme and the methyl alcohol total amount of 100 weight parts.
The present inventor finds, if contain Viscotrol C in the ether fuel of the present invention, then can further improve the function and the effect of this ether fuel.In ether fuel, Viscotrol C can play the effect of lubricant, viscosity modifier, promoting agent and sanitas.When ether fuel of the present invention contains Viscotrol C, can reduce the corrosion and the wearing and tearing of engine parts.The preferred content of Viscotrol C is the 0.5-1.5 weight part, based on the dme and the methyl alcohol total amount of 100 weight parts.
Though ether fuel of the present invention has automatic cleaning action, but be the cleaning action that further strengthens ether fuel of the present invention, further increase the cleaning of oil piping system and the generation that reduces carbon on engine, ether fuel of the present invention can also contain purification agent.The contriver finds, preferably adds succimide in ether fuel of the present invention.Succimide can play the greasy filth of removing vaporizer and crankcase system and the effect of carbon distribution, minimizing is to the pollution of atmospheric environment, reduce the discharging of CO, reduce the discharging of HC (hydrocarbon polymer), can also reduce the wearing and tearing of oil pump and oil nozzle, prevent the spark plug coking, and improve the power of engine, thereby save energy, and improve fuel economy.In ether fuel of the present invention, be 100 weight parts in the gross weight of dme and methyl alcohol, the content of succimide can be the 0.005-0.02 weight part, preferably, the content of succimide is the 0.008-0.012 weight part.
The contriver also finds surprisingly, in ether fuel of the present invention, contain Viscotrol C, succimide and 2 simultaneously, in the time of the 6-ditertbutylparacresol, these three kinds of additives can provide synergy, make that ether fuel mass of the present invention is more stable, the burning of fuel more fully, engine operating safety and power abundance.
Method for preparation ether fuel of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can obtain ether fuel of the present invention by the chemical field routine techniques.The preparation of ether fuel of the present invention is included under the situation that comprises additive, the adding of additive, and the mixing of dme and methyl alcohol.Generally speaking, additive can be joined in the methyl alcohol, and then mix with dme.Yet, also can carry out the mixing of dme and methyl alcohol earlier, and then add additive.For the back adds additive, stir if desired, then should slowly stir.For the mixing of dme and methyl alcohol, can adopt absorption column of gas to obtain this mixing usually.Adopting absorption column of gas to carry out liquid, thereby the absorption of gas is obtained liquid is the routine techniques of chemical field with mixing of gas.The acquisition of ether fuel of the present invention is to adopt the method for physical absorption to obtain, and only relates to the absorption of methyl alcohol to dme.Generally speaking, select counter-current absorption usually, finish the preparation of ether fuel of the present invention.The present invention does not have any restriction for the selection on absorption tower, can select packing tower, tray column.Equally without any restriction, the chemical engineering technicians is in the face of methyl alcohol during to these specific purposes of absorption of gas of dimethyl ether for acceptance condition in the present invention, can be according to the basic chemical industry principle, and required relative content is selected absorption tower and acceptance condition.Usually, conventional normal temperature absorbs and can finish the absorption of methyl alcohol to dme.
This absorption process can be summarized as follows: make gas of dimethyl ether enter from the bottom, absorption tower through measuring fixed amount equipment (as gas distributor); Meanwhile, make methyl alcohol (perhaps being pre-mixed the methyl alcohol of additive) add from cat head, gas-liquid two-phase is countercurrent flow in the absorption tower, and directly and fully contacts, and makes gas of dimethyl ether be absorbed by methyl alcohol.According to the selection on absorption tower and the difference of efficient thereof, can adopt one way to absorb or the circulation absorption.For circulation absorbs, can will get back to cat head and be incorporated in the tower from the methyl alcohol that contains dme that comes out at the bottom of the tower (and the optional additive that contains) conveying again, the gas that cat head is come out is carried again and is got back at the bottom of the tower and be incorporated in the tower, repeats the absorption process of gas of dimethyl ether thus.This multiple absorption can carry out repeatedly as required.Yet those skilled in the art also can know, the one way by the absorption tower absorbs and just can basically dme be dissolved in the methyl alcohol, obtain required dme content and need not multiple absorption.
The stability of ether fuel of the present invention is higher than regular gasoline far away.This can be proved from inductive phase and the essence gum level after the ether fuel long storage time of the present invention.
A second aspect of the present invention
A second aspect of the present invention relates to a kind of novel ether fuel, and this novel ether fuel is the fuel that comprises dme, first alcohol and water.And this New-type fuel can be made up of dme, first alcohol and water.
The ether fuel of second aspect present invention does not contain the gasoline main ingredient, and ether fuel promptly of the present invention does not contain the above alkane of C4, C4-C10 alkane for example, benzene or the like.In this article, " do not contain the above hydrocarbon of C4 " and be meant and do not have a mind to add the above hydrocarbon of C4.
Ether fuel of the present invention mainly comprises dme, first alcohol and water.Generally speaking, in ether fuel of the present invention, the content of dme can be the 4-12 weight part, and the content of methyl alcohol can be the 88-96 weight part, and the content of water is 5.3 weight part to 16.3 weight parts, and wherein the gross weight of dme and methyl alcohol is 100 weight parts.Preferably, in this ether fuel, the content of dme is the 5-9 weight part, and the content of methyl alcohol is the 91-95 weight part, and the content of water is 6.4 weight part to 14 weight parts, and wherein the gross weight of dme and methyl alcohol is 100 weight parts.More preferably, in this ether fuel, the content of dme is the 5-9 weight part, and the content of methyl alcohol is the 91-95 weight part, and the content of water is 6.4 weight part to 11.1 weight parts, and wherein the gross weight of dme and methyl alcohol is 100 weight parts.
The dme that uses in second aspect present invention is identical with the dme and the methyl alcohol of top first aspect with methyl alcohol.
The water that uses in second aspect present invention preferably is meant distilled water or deionized water, to avoid owing to impurity is brought in the adding of water into.
In the ether fuel of second aspect present invention, water can be used as ignition dope.Do not wish to be subject to concrete theory, the combustion-supporting effect of water can be made description below: at first, water is (for example, under the petrolic condition) under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, can decompose, and produces hydrogen and oxygen, and participate in reaction.Secondly, water is under the condition of engine chamber, and gasification is also expanded rapidly, thereby participates in the acting of expanding, and promotes contacting of fuel and air.
In addition, contain water in the ether fuel of second aspect present invention, particularly distilled water or deionized water the time, distilled water or deionized water have also played the effect of octane value properties-correcting agent.As previously mentioned, it is higher to comprise the octane value of ether fuel of the present invention of dme and methyl alcohol.Therefore, when ether fuel of the present invention contains distilled water or deionized water, can also regulate the octane value of ether fuel of the present invention, reduce octane value more specifically by adjusting the content of water.The present inventor finds, in ether fuel of the present invention, remains unchanged and is under the situation of 100 weight parts at the content of dme and methyl alcohol, and the water of every adding 1 weight part, the octane value of ether fuel will reduce about 1.0.For example, the octane value of water-free ether fuel is generally greater than 100, and when containing the water of 6-9 weight part, the octane value of ether fuel is about 93-97, and is similar with normally used No. 93 to No. 97 gasoline.
The ether fuel of second aspect present invention preferably contains a certain amount of water, and the portion water of Cun Zaiing not only can be adjusted to the octane value of ether fuel required level here, can also play combustion-supporting effect, has improved the utilising efficiency of fuel.In addition, under the situation that consumes peer-level fuel, because the existence of water, then the consumption of natural fuel will be reduced, and under the situation of the consumption of disregarding moisture, reduce oil consumption indirectly.
In addition, the unnecessary anhydrous substances that uses costliness in the raw material process of selecting preparation ether fuel of the present invention, thus can the fuel economy cost.For example, ether fuel of the present invention can be formulated as moisture at the most 14% fuel (also promptly, in the dme and the methyl alcohol of 100 weight parts, the content of water can reach 16.3 weight parts), at this moment, to raw material, for example the tolerance of contained humidity is bigger in the methyl alcohol.That is to say, might use the methyl alcohol of water content up to 10 weight %.
Simultaneously, through further careful research, the inventor also finds, when the water-content of the ether fuel of second aspect present invention is 5.3 weight part to 14 weight parts when (based on the dme and the methyl alcohol of 100 weight parts altogether), the oil consumption minimizing value of the ether fuel of a second aspect of the present invention and other character all remain on significantly higher level.
The ether fuel of second aspect present invention can not use any other additive.
The ether fuel of second aspect present invention also has the advantage that the ether fuel of first aspect present invention has certainly.
More particularly, the ether fuel of second aspect present invention also has self-cleaning characteristics.Do not wish to be subject to concrete theory, the present inventor thinks because methyl alcohol has the good solubility energy, can effectively avoid at positions such as sparking plug, combustion chamber, valve, vapor pipe sourdine formation carbon deposit, prevent that oil circuit from stopping up, and avoid the fault that causes because of carbon deposit and obstruction, so produced automatic cleaning action.Be that ether fuel of the present invention can be finished this self-cleaning function surprisingly under the situation of not adding any other additive.
Therefore, ether fuel of the present invention can be realized the effect of clean burning, cleaning discharging and protection vehicle.
Second aspect present invention also has own unique advantage except automatic cleaning action.
For example, as mentioned above, the water that exists in ether fuel can be adjusted octane value and combustion-supporting.In addition, the existence of water also can promote the improvement of fuel combustion performance, prevents or reduces the pollution of discharge to environment, and help save energy.
The ether fuel of second aspect present invention can be used for various vehicles.The ether fuel of second aspect present invention can be used for various petrol engines, for example electronic fuel injection engine and carburetor engine.
According to the needs of concrete application, the ether fuel of invention second aspect also can add other component or additive, so that further improve the respective performances of gained fuel.
These additives can be selected from those conventional additives that is used for gasoline, for example, and catalyzer, burning agent, antioxidant, ignition dope, purification agent or the like.The combination that also can in the ether fuel of second aspect present invention, add additive, only otherwise the special performance that significantly influences ether fuel of the present invention nocuously gets final product.About the description of various additives, can be referring to the detailed description of first aspect present invention above.Similarly, the contriver also finds surprisingly, in the ether fuel of second aspect present invention, contain Viscotrol C, succimide and 2 simultaneously, in the time of the 6-ditertbutylparacresol, these three kinds of catalyzer can provide synergy, make that ether fuel mass of the present invention is more stable, the burning of fuel more fully, engine operating safety and power abundance.
Method for preparation ether fuel of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can obtain ether fuel of the present invention by the chemical field routine techniques.The preparation of ether fuel of the present invention comprises the adding of water and optional other additive, and the mixing of dme and methyl alcohol.Generally speaking, other optional additive is joined in the methyl alcohol, mix with dme again, add water then, also can carry out the mixing of dme and methyl alcohol earlier, and then add entry and other optional additive.For the back adds additive, stir if desired, then should slowly stir.For the mixing of dme and methyl alcohol, can adopt absorption column of gas to obtain this mixing usually.Adopting absorption column of gas to carry out liquid, thereby the absorption of gas is obtained liquid is the routine techniques of chemical field with mixing of gas.The acquisition of ether fuel of the present invention is to adopt the method for physical absorption to obtain, and only relates to the absorption of methyl alcohol to dme.Generally speaking, select counter-current absorption usually, finish the preparation of ether fuel of the present invention.The present invention does not have any restriction for the selection on absorption tower, can select packing tower, tray column.Equally without any restriction, the chemical engineering technicians is in the face of methyl alcohol during to these specific purposes of absorption of gas of dimethyl ether for acceptance condition in the present invention, can be according to the basic chemical industry principle, and required relative content is selected absorption tower and acceptance condition.Usually, normal temperature absorbs and can finish the absorption of methyl alcohol to dme.
This absorption process can be summarized as follows: make gas of dimethyl ether enter from the bottom, absorption tower through measuring fixed amount equipment (as gas distributor); Meanwhile, make methyl alcohol (perhaps being pre-mixed the methyl alcohol of other optional additive) add from cat head, gas-liquid two-phase is countercurrent flow in the absorption tower, and directly and fully contacts, and makes gas of dimethyl ether be absorbed by methyl alcohol.According to the selection on absorption tower and the difference of efficient thereof, can adopt one way to absorb or the circulation absorption.For circulation absorbs, can will get back to cat head and be incorporated in the tower from the methyl alcohol that contains dme that comes out at the bottom of the tower (and randomly containing other optional additive) conveying again, the gas that cat head is come out is carried again and is got back at the bottom of the tower and be incorporated in the tower, repeats the absorption process of gas of dimethyl ether thus.This multiple absorption can carry out repeatedly as required.Yet those skilled in the art also can know, the one way by the absorption tower absorbs and just can basically dme be dissolved in the methyl alcohol, obtain required dme content and need not multiple absorption.The stability of ether fuel of the present invention is higher than regular gasoline far away.This can be proved from the inductive phase and the essence gum level of ether fuel of the present invention.
Generally speaking, use pure substance to mix, obtain the ether fuel of second aspect present invention.Simultaneously,, calculating datum quantity, and during the amount of mixing water, all should consider existing water content in other raw material if, then the amount of water should be taken into account as having contained water in the methyl alcohol of raw material.For example,, and contain 6% water in the material benzenemethanol, then should use: the dme of 8 weight parts, the methyl alcohol of 97.9 weight parts, the water of 2.1 weight parts if target ether fuel contains 8 weight part dme, 92 weight part methyl alcohol and 8 weight parts waters.
Ether fuel in second aspect present invention can reach the effect of energy saving fuel as an alternative.Under the engine working conditions of same operating mode, the saving ratio of fuel can be up to 10%-20%.
In addition, the ether fuel of second aspect present invention can be mixed forming propellant combination with various gasoline, be used for various engines.But, thereby cause preferred use like this because this propellant combination may produce emulsification or demixing phenomenon owing to containing than relatively large water.
To adopt specific embodiment to further describe the present invention below.Yet the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of these specific embodiments.
Embodiment
The raw material sources brief introduction of adopting in following examples is as follows:
Methyl alcohol: available from the Beijing Chemical Plant, content is 99%;
Dme: available from Ji, Hebei spring dme Development Co., Ltd, content is 99.5%;
2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol: available from chemical reagent company limited of traditional Chinese medicines group;
Viscotrol C: available from chemical reagent company limited of traditional Chinese medicines group, content is 99%;
Succimide: available from chemical reagent company limited of traditional Chinese medicines group, content 98.8-100.5%;
Used water is self-control distilled water.
Ether fuel embodiment 1
In conventional absorption tower, according to the counter-current absorption method, absorption of dimethyl ether in methyl alcohol, is obtained the methanol solution that dme concentration is 5 weight %, thereby obtain ether fuel 1.
Ether fuel embodiment 2
Embodiment 1 is identical with ether fuel, in above-mentioned absorption tower, according to the counter-current absorption method, absorption of dimethyl ether in methyl alcohol, is obtained the methanol solution that dme concentration is 9 weight %, thereby obtains ether fuel 2.
Ether fuel embodiment 3
In transparent vessel, ether fuel 1 that 10kg is made as mentioned above and the water of 530g mix, and obtain ether fuel 3.
Ether fuel embodiment 4
In transparent vessel, ether fuel 2 that 10kg is made as mentioned above and the water of 640g mix, and obtain ether fuel 4.
Ether fuel embodiment 5
In transparent vessel, ether fuel 1 that 10kg is made as mentioned above and the water of 1110g mix, and obtain ether fuel 5.
Ether fuel embodiment 6
In transparent vessel, ether fuel 2 that 10kg is made as mentioned above and the water of 1400g mix, and obtain ether fuel 6.
Ether fuel embodiment 7
In transparent vessel, ether fuel 1 that 10kg is made as mentioned above and the water of 1630g mix, and obtain ether fuel 7.
Ether fuel embodiment 8
1g 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol, 1g succimide and 100g Viscotrol C are joined in the ether fuel 1 that 10kg makes as mentioned above, and gentle agitation obtains ether fuel 8.
Ether fuel embodiment 9
1g 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol, 1g succimide, 900g water and 100g Viscotrol C are joined in the ether fuel 1 that 10kg makes as mentioned above, and gentle agitation obtains ether fuel 9.
The storage characteristics test
1. the airtight separately preservation of above-mentioned ether fuel 1-9 that will prepare, in the envrionment temperature standing over night, visual observation is not found demixing phenomenon then.
2. the above-mentioned ether fuel 1-9 that will prepare respectively gets 1000g, and airtight then preservation is preserved 3 months after-visions in envrionment temperature and observed, and does not find demixing phenomenon.
Octane value is measured
According to GB/T5487 testing octane number of gasoline method (organon), the ether fuel 1-9 that obtains above to be carried out octane value measure, measuring result is shown in Table 1.
Stability test
The above-mentioned ether fuel 1-9 for preparing was placed 3 months under envrionment conditions, measure gum level according to G B/T8019 then, and measure inductive phase according to GB/T8018, measuring result is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Table 1 (continuing)
Annotate
*: ether fuel 8 and 9 also contains 0.01% the 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol of having an appointment, about 0.01% succimide and about 1% Viscotrol C.
2 kilometers test run(s)s of vehicle
The fuel tank gasoline of Song Hua River automobile (Dongan 462 h type engine hs) is drained, above-mentioned ether fuel 1-9 is respectively asked for 2 kilograms and put into fuel tank.Ignition trigger, the examination combustion was carried out 2 kilometers trial runs (road conditions are motorway, and average speed per hour is about 80 kilometers/hour) after 10 minutes.With above-mentioned operation result and the situation of employing No. 93 motor spirit (production of Beijing company of China Petrochemical Industry) when moving this automobile, compare according to following item compared 1-4.This item compared 1-3 adopts to have driver's subjective sensation of 10 year driving age to judge.Project 4 adopts all discharges remaining fuel from fuel tank, and weigh, thereby calculates oil consumption.
Item compared:
1. engine combustion situation
2. running state of the vehicle
3. whether vapor pipe discharges visible impurity (for example, black smoke etc.) (need the lengthening vapor pipe this moment, make the officer can see the tail gas from emission by exhaust pipe).
4. how oil consumption compares the result with gasoline
Above-mentioned comparative result is listed in the table 2.
In " engine combustion situation " one row of table 2, " ◎ " expression engine combustion situation and No. 93 motor spirit are quite or more excellent; " * " expression engine combustion situation is inferior to motor spirit No. 93.
In " running state of the vehicle " one row of table 2, " ◎ " expression running state of the vehicle and No. 93 motor spirit are quite or more excellent; " * " expression running state of the vehicle is inferior to motor spirit No. 93.
In " whether vapor pipe discharges visible impurity " row of table 2, visible impurity is not discharged in " ◎ " expression; The visible impurity of " * " expression discharging.
In " how oil consumption compares the result with gasoline " one row of table 2, " ◎ " expression oil consumption and No. 93 motor spirit are quite or more excellent; " * " expression oil consumption is inferior to motor spirit No. 93.
The test of vehicle long distance running
The test preparation of ether fuel 1-9 above repeating, difference is that the consumption of each component all is increased to 10 times of former consumption, carries out 600 kilometers long distance test (DT)s for use in identical Song Hua River automobile, and according to top method, estimates Vehicular behavior.The highway section, expressway is adopted in the long distance running test, and average speed per hour is 100 kilometers/hour.Evaluation result is shown in Table 2.
The contriver finds when adopting ether fuel of the present invention to carry out above-mentioned test run(s), all obtained consistent identical good result for short range, long distance and different car category, therefore, all results of the test run(s) above the result in the following table 2 has represented.
Table 2
Table 2 (continuing)
Annotate: in the fuel consumption herein, the consumption of water is disregarded interior.
From the result of table 1 and table 2 as can be seen, the ether fuel of first aspect present invention and the ether fuel of invention second aspect can be used for various motor spirit engines, and oil consumption and marketable gasolines are suitable substantially.The result of table 1 and table 2 has confirmed that also the ether fuel of first aspect present invention and second aspect can use separately.The result of table 1 has confirmed that equally the ether fuel octane number of first aspect present invention is higher, has all surpassed more than 98.The result of table 1 has confirmed that equally the ether fuel octane number of second aspect present invention is higher, and is most of greater than 97.
When using carburetor engine (by adjusting intake valve, ignition advance angle), oil consumption (disregarding the consumption of water) is compared low with marketable gasolines.
Detection of fuel
To above-mentioned ether fuel 1 to 9, carry out boiling range, copper corrosion and lead content and detect.Wherein boiling range detects and carries out according to GB/T6536, and copper corrosion detects to be carried out according to GB/T5096, and lead content detects GB/T8020 to carry out.Detected result is shown in the following table 3.
Table 3
Table 3 (continuing)
From the result of table 3 as can be seen, the every index of ether fuel of the present invention all obtains good result.
Emission detections
According to GB 18285-2005, use the SQR7080 of Cherry automobile (engine model SQR372FD) and the miniature way-train in Song Hua River (to face the carburettor used car of scrapping, in October, 99 operation, operation reaches 8 years and travels 400,000 kilometers, engine model is Dongan 462 types).Above-mentioned ether fuel 1-9 is carried out exhaust emissions to be measured.
Measuring result is shown in the following table 4.
Table 4 (using the SQR7080 of Cherry automobile to record)
*Above result is the arithmetical av of three observed values.
Table 4 (continuous, as to use engine model Dongan 462 to record)
*Above result is the arithmetical av of three observed values.
As can be seen from Table 4, use ether fuel of the present invention, tail gas discharging pollutant is starkly lower than the national standard of China.
Ether fuel of the present invention has the octane value height, increases dynamic property, and energy consumption is low, the cleanliness height, and versatility is good, long quality-guarantee period, wide material sources or the like advantage.Because the octane value height, ether fuel of the present invention is applicable to high compression engine more, thereby increases dynamic property.Generally speaking, ether fuel of the present invention is because the octane value height, and can add in preparation and improve the calorific value component, under the situation of vehicle being done accommodation (reduce air inlet, adjust ignition advance angle), and specific consumption reduction by 5%.Ether fuel of the present invention is high oxygenated fuel, because burning fully, can make automotive pollutant emission CO, CO2+HC reduce 50%-80%, carcinogens benzene and sulphur emissions coefficient are 0.Simultaneously can effectively remove vehicle fuel feeding, firing system carbon distribution, prolong the work-ing life of engine.The versatility of ether fuel of the present invention is good, not changing under engine structure and the parameter situation, can directly use; And the contriver finds turning air door down, adjusts under the situation of ignition advance angle, can further improve the power of engine, and steady running.Be more than a times of GB gasoline the inductive phase of ether fuel of the present invention.Can steady in a long-termly preserve, can make storage, transportation, sell and use the link required time to prolong.
Claims (7)
1. an ether fuel comprises dme, first alcohol and water.
2. the ether fuel of claim 1, wherein the content of dme is the 4-12 weight part, and the content of methyl alcohol is the 88-96 weight part, and the content of water is 5.3 weight part to 16.3 weight parts, and wherein the gross weight of dme and methyl alcohol is 100 weight parts.
3. the ether fuel of claim 1, wherein the content of dme is the 5-9 weight part, and the content of methyl alcohol is the 91-95 weight part, and the content of water is 6.4 weight part to 14 weight parts, and wherein the gross weight of dme and methyl alcohol is 100 weight parts.
4. the ether fuel of claim 1, wherein the content of dme is the 5-9 weight part, and the content of methyl alcohol is the 91-95 weight part, and the content of water is 6.4 weight part to 11.1 weight parts, and wherein the gross weight of dme and methyl alcohol is 100 weight parts.
5. each ether fuel of claim 1-4, wherein said ether fuel is made up of dme, first alcohol and water.
6. each ether fuel of claim 1-5, wherein said ether fuel is automobile fuel.
7. each ether fuel of claim 1-6, wherein said ether fuel is gasoline engine fuel, preferably is used for the fuel of carburetor engine.
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| CN201010000715.9A CN102127473B (en) | 2010-01-15 | 2010-01-15 | Ether-base fuel |
| PCT/CN2011/070112 WO2011085657A1 (en) | 2010-01-15 | 2011-01-10 | Ether-based fuel |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN102813015A (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2012-12-12 | 陕西鹏翔茶业有限公司 | Production technique of specialty tea |
| CN104265450A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-07 | 北京海德利森科技有限公司 | Methanol-based fuel high-pressure supplying device |
| CN104781377A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2015-07-15 | 甘恩能源有限公司 | Methods for the preparation and delivery of fuel compositions |
| CN106190348A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2016-12-07 | 桂林福冈新材料有限公司 | A kind of ether-base fuel |
| TWI616523B (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2018-03-01 | 葛寧能源及資源私人有限公司 | Process for powering a compression ignition engine and fuel therefor |
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| SI2643437T1 (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2018-04-30 | Gane Energy & Resources Pty Ltd | Use of a methanol containing fuel composition and prozess for powering a compression ignition engine |
| GB2529398C (en) * | 2014-08-17 | 2021-04-07 | Avocet Ip Ltd | Fuel, system and method |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1583977A (en) * | 2004-06-11 | 2005-02-23 | 黑龙江建业燃料有限责任公司 | Clean alcohol fuel |
| CN101113372A (en) * | 2007-08-04 | 2008-01-30 | 董书君 | Ether radical gasoline |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| TWI616523B (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2018-03-01 | 葛寧能源及資源私人有限公司 | Process for powering a compression ignition engine and fuel therefor |
| CN104781377A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2015-07-15 | 甘恩能源有限公司 | Methods for the preparation and delivery of fuel compositions |
| CN104781377B (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2016-10-19 | 甘恩能源有限公司 | For preparation and the method for delivery of fuel compositions |
| CN102813015A (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2012-12-12 | 陕西鹏翔茶业有限公司 | Production technique of specialty tea |
| CN104265450A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-07 | 北京海德利森科技有限公司 | Methanol-based fuel high-pressure supplying device |
| CN106190348A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2016-12-07 | 桂林福冈新材料有限公司 | A kind of ether-base fuel |
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| CN102127473B (en) | 2016-08-10 |
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