WO2011085650A1 - 一种抛物面天线 - Google Patents

一种抛物面天线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011085650A1
WO2011085650A1 PCT/CN2011/070036 CN2011070036W WO2011085650A1 WO 2011085650 A1 WO2011085650 A1 WO 2011085650A1 CN 2011070036 W CN2011070036 W CN 2011070036W WO 2011085650 A1 WO2011085650 A1 WO 2011085650A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
choke
choke groove
groove
feed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/070036
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢辉
郭智力
蒲仕明
肖凌文
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Publication of WO2011085650A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011085650A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/19—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
    • H01Q19/193—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface with feed supported subreflector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • H01Q15/16—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures curved in two dimensions, e.g. paraboloidal

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the field of electronics, in particular to a parabolic antenna. Background technique
  • the microwave system has higher and higher requirements for the antenna front-to-back ratio, which needs to be optimized.
  • the antenna front-to-back ratio refers to the main lobe of the antenna and the angle is 180. The difference in the maximum amount of radiant electricity in the range of ⁇ 40°.
  • the antenna circumference 104 is added to the reflective surface of the parabolic antenna, which reduces the amount of current reaching the back of the antenna, thereby improving the front-to-back ratio of the antenna. .
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a parabolic antenna, and the technical solution is as follows:
  • a parabolic antenna includes: a reflective surface, a feed, a secondary reflective surface, and an antenna surrounding, the feed is located at a bottom center of the reflective surface, and the secondary reflective surface is located at the feed The top of the antenna is located at a top edge of the reflective surface; the antenna further includes: a choke slot,
  • the choke groove is a convex ring, and an inner diameter of the convex ring and an outer diameter of the antenna surrounding edge are Therefore, the choke groove is located outside the circumference of the antenna.
  • the utility model increases the transmission distance of the surface current by transmitting a choke groove on the circumference of the antenna, and reflects part of the surface current, so that the amount of current reaching the back of the antenna is reduced, thereby improving the front-to-back ratio of the antenna.
  • the size of the antenna is reduced, making installation in practical applications easier.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a parabolic antenna provided by the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a parabolic antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a parabolic antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a parabolic antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a parabolic antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 101 reflecting surface
  • 102 feed
  • 1 03 secondary reflecting surface
  • 104 antenna surrounding
  • 105 ⁇ flow groove
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a parabolic antenna.
  • the parabolic antenna includes: a reflecting surface 1 01, a feeding source 102, a sub-reflecting surface 103, an antenna surrounding 104, and a choke groove 105.
  • the feed source 102 is located at the bottom center of the reflective surface 101, and the secondary reflective surface 103 is located at the feed source 102.
  • the antenna rim 104 is located at the top edge of the reflecting surface 101; the choke groove 105 is located outside the antenna rim 104.
  • the choke groove 105 is a convex ring.
  • the inner diameter of the convex ring is the same as the outer diameter of the antenna surrounding edge 104.
  • the outer diameter of the convex ring is larger than the outer diameter of the antenna surrounding edge 104, and the outer diameter of the convex ring. It is equal to the sum of the inner diameter of the male ring and the two groove widths W of the choke groove.
  • the chute 105 can be generated by directly establishing a model or a secondary bending process, or by using other generation methods. In the specific implementation, the embodiment of the present invention does not limit this.
  • the choke groove 105 and the antenna enclosing edge 104 may be integrally molded, or may be welded, riveted or screwed, or the choke groove 105 may be fixed to the outside of the antenna enclosing edge 104 by other means. In the specific implementation, the embodiment of the present invention does not limit this.
  • the choke groove 105 is located at any position perpendicular to the antenna enclosing edge 104. Referring to FIG. 3, the choke slot 105 may be located at the bottom of the antenna enclosing edge 104. Referring to FIG. 4, the choke slot 105 is located at the middle of the antenna encircling edge 104. As shown in FIG. 5, the choke groove 105 is located at the top of the antenna rim 104, and may be located at other parts of the antenna rim. In the specific implementation, the embodiment of the present invention does not limit this.
  • the third attenuation of the surface transmission current can be realized by adding the choke groove 105, specifically: the first attenuation: a choke groove 105 is added to the parabolic antenna, and when the antenna circumference 104 is the same height, The choke groove 105 is added to the circumference of the antenna, so that the surface transmission current I will travel a greater distance when it is transmitted to the top of the antenna, so that part of the surface transmission current 11 is attenuated, so that the surface transmission current I is attenuated to II 1 ;
  • the choke groove 105 causes the surface transmission current I to partially reflect at the corner b of the choke groove 105, that is, a part of the surface transmission current 12 is reflected, so that the surface transmission current I is attenuated to II 1-I 2 ;
  • the bottom surface 105a1 of the choke groove 105 and the high surface 105a2 of the choke groove 105 are perpendicular, and the high surface 105a2 of the choke groove 105 and the antenna circumference 104 is parallel, and may be other modes when the specific implementation is implemented, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit this.
  • the wall thickness of the choke groove 105 should not be thinner than the sky.
  • the wall thickness of the wire rim 104 should be greater than or equal to the wall thickness of the antenna rim 104.
  • the wall thickness of the turbulence groove 105 is the same as the wall thickness of the antenna rim 104. In specific implementation, the embodiment of the present invention There is no limit to this.
  • the antenna rim 104 is preferably integrated with the choke groove 105.
  • the number of the chutes 105 may be one, two or more. In the specific implementation, the new embodiment of the present invention does not limit the number of the chutes 105.
  • the antenna rim 104 is a metal bottomless cylinder, and the inner diameter of the antenna rim 104 is preferably the same as the maximum inner diameter of the reflective surface 101, and may be other sizes. In specific implementation, the embodiment of the present invention is This is not a limitation.
  • the antenna rim 104 can be fixed to the top edge of the reflective surface 101 of the antenna by soldering, riveting or screwing, or the antenna rib 104 and the antenna reflecting surface 101 can be integrally formed. In specific implementation, the embodiment of the present invention No restrictions.
  • the embodiment of the present invention increases the transmission distance of the surface transmission current and the part of the surface transmission current by adding a chute on the circumference of the antenna, thereby reducing the amount of current reaching the back of the antenna.
  • the front-to-back ratio of the antenna is increased, thereby avoiding increasing the height of the antenna rim, reducing the volume of the antenna, and making the installation in practical applications easier; and when the wall thickness of the chute is greater than or equal to the wall thickness of other parts of the antenna rim
  • the influence on the mechanical properties of the parabolic antenna is also avoided.
  • the serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for the description, and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc., which are within the principles of the present invention, should be included in the present invention. Within the scope of protection.

Description

一种抛物面天线 本申请要求于 201 0 年 1 月 18 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201 020002 152. 2、 发明名称为 "一种抛物面天线" 的中国专利申请的优先 权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本实用新型涉及电子领域， 特别涉及一种抛物面天线。 背景技术
随着无线通信的迅猛发展， 微波通信站点的需求量急剧增加， 导致微 波站点的分布越来越密集， 使得天线后瓣信号对相邻站点的通信信号的影 响曰益明显。 为了有效地减小天线后瓣对其相邻站点的干扰， 尽可能提高 微波站点的密集度以满足日益庞大的通信需求， 微波系统对天线的前后比 要求越来越高， 需要对其进行优化。 其中， 天线前后比是指天线主瓣与角 度为 180。 ± 40° 范围内最大的辐射电量的差值。
现有技术中提出了一种优化天线前后比的方案， 参见图 1， 在抛物面天 线的反射面上增加了天线围边 1 04， 减少了到达天线背后的电流量， 从而提 高了天线的前后比。
发明人在实现本实用新型的过程中， 发现上述现有技术至少存在以下 缺点和不足： 现有技术中需要将天线围边加得很高才能有效的提高天线的 前后比， 使得天线体积非常庞大， 不能较方便的安装天线， 缺少灵活性。 实用新型内容
为了减少天线的体积， 提高天线的前后比， 本实用新型实施例提供了 一种抛物面天线， 所述技术方案如下：
提供了一种抛物面天线， 所述天线包括： 反射面、 馈源、 副反射面、 天线围边， 所述馈源位于所述反射面的底部中心， 所述副反射面位于所述 馈源的顶部， 所述天线围边位于所述反射面的顶部边缘； 所述天线还包括： 扼流槽，
所述扼流槽为一凸型环， 所述凸型环的内径与所述天线围边的外径一 致， 所述扼流槽位于所述天线围边的外侧。
本实用新型实施例提供的技术方案的有益效果是：
本实用新型通过在天线围边上增加扼流槽， 增加了表面电流的传输距 离、 并反射掉部分表面传输电流， 使其减少了到达天线背后的电流量， 以 此提高了天线的前后比， 减少了天线的体积， 使实际应用中的安装更加简 便。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型实施例或现有技术中的技术方案， 下面 将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍， 显而易见 地， 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本实用新型的一些实施例， 对于本领域普通 技术人员来讲， 在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下， 还可以根据这些附图获 得其它的附图。
图 1是现有技术提供的抛物面天线的结构示意图；
图 2是本实用新型实施例提供的抛物面天线的结构示意图；
图 3是本实用新型实施例提供的抛物面天线的结构示意图；
图 4是本实用新型实施例提供的抛物面天线的结构示意图；
图 5是本实用新型实施例提供的抛物面天线的结构示意图。
附图中， 各标号所代表的部件列表如下：
101： 反射面； 102 : 馈源； 1 03: 副反射面； 104 : 天线围边； 105 : 扼 流槽；
105a l : 底面； 105a2 : 高面。 具体实施方式
为使本实用新型的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚， 下面将结合附图 对本实用新型实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
为了减少天线的体积， 提高天线的前后比， 本实用新型实施例提供了 一种抛物面天线。
参见图 2， 该抛物面天线包括： 反射面 1 01、 馈源 102、 副反射面 103、 天线围边 104、 扼流槽 105。
馈源 102位于反射面 101的底部中心， 副反射面 103位于馈源 102的 顶部， 天线围边 104位于反射面 101的顶部边缘； 扼流槽 105位于天线围 边 104的外侧。
参见图 3，扼流槽 105为一凸型环， 凸型环的内径与天线围边 104的外 径一致， 凸型环的外径大于天线围边 104 的外径， 凸型环的外径等于凸型 环的内径和扼流槽的两个槽宽 W之和。
扼流槽 105 可以通过直接建立模型或二次弯曲加工生成， 或采用其它 的生成方式来实现， 具体实现时， 本实用新型实施例对此不^限制。 可以 采用将扼流槽 105和天线围边 104铸模成一体的方式， 也可以通过焊接、 铆接或螺钉固定等方式， 还可以采用其它的方式将扼流槽 105 固定在天线 围边 104的外侧， 具体实现时， 本实用新型实施例对此不做限制。
其中，扼流槽 105位于天线围边 104垂直方向的任意位置上，参见图 3， 扼流槽 105可以位于天线围边 104的底部， 参见图 4，扼流槽 105位于天线 围边 104的中部， 参见图 5， 扼流槽 105位于天线围边 104的顶部， 还可以 位于天线围边的其它部位， 具体实现时， 本实用新型实施例对此不做限制。
通过增加了扼流槽 105可以实现表面传输电流的三次衰减， 具体为： 第一次衰减： 在该抛物面天线上增加了扼流槽 105， 当天线围边 104为 相同高度的情况下， 由于在天线围边上增加了扼流槽 105，使得表面传输电 流 I传输到天线顶部时会走更远的距离， 故衰减了部分表面传输电流 11， 使得表面传输电流 I衰减为 I-I 1 ;
第二次衰减：扼流槽 105使得表面传输电流 I在扼流槽 105的拐角处 b 会发生部分反射， 即反射掉一部分表面传输电流 12， 使得表面传输电流 I 衰减为 I-I 1-I 2 ;
第三次衰减： 当表面传输电流 I 沿天线传输了一段距离后， 可能存在 部分反射掉的表面传输电流 12与表面传输电流 I 的相位之差大于等于 90 度的情况， 由于相位的相反， 这时会使得表面传输电流 I 衰减掉部分表面 传输电流 13， 使得表面传输电流 I衰减为 1-11-12-13。
为了便于扼流槽 105的加工成形、 增加天线表面电流的衰减， 优选地， 扼流槽 105的底面 105al和扼流槽 105的高面 105a2垂直， 扼流槽 105的 高面 105a2与天线围边 104平行， 具体实现时， 还可以为其它的方式， 本 实用新型实施例对此不做限制。
为了不影响抛物面天线的机械性能， 扼流槽 105 的壁厚应不能薄于天 线围边 1 04的壁厚， 应大于等于天线围边 104的壁厚， 优选地， 该扼流槽 105的壁厚与天线围边 104的壁厚一致， 具体实现时， 本实用新型实施例对 此不做限制。
根据实验验证，扼流槽 1 05的槽高 H的取值范围为波长的 0. 15至 0. 35 倍， 槽宽 W的取值范围为波长的 0. 15至 0. 35倍， 波长 =c/f， c为光速， f为频率， 例如： 当 f等于 15GHz时， 可以获得 λ等于 0.02m， 随着工作频 率的变化， 波长 λ发生着相应的变化， 使得槽高 h和槽宽 W发生着相应的 变化。 为了避免因电磁波的泄露而导致对天线的电性能指标、 天线的抗风 能力和其它机械可靠性的影响， 优选地， 天线围边 104与扼流槽 105成一 体。
通过上述分析可以获知， 对于抛物面天线， 通过在天线围边 104 上增 加扼流槽 105， 就会增加表面传输电流 I传输到天线顶部的传输距离， 即会 衰减了部分表面传输电流， 减少了到达天线背后的电流。 由于 0 = /xt，其中 ρ为电量， 为时间， /为电流， 参见图 2， 在一定时间内， 当天线正前方辐 射的电量一定时， 由于到达天线背后的电流减少了， 即到达天线背后的电 量减少了， 故增加了天线的前后比， 因此只要在天线围边 104 的外侧， 沿 与天线围边 104 垂直方向的任意位置上增加扼流槽， 都会增加天线的前后 比。
其中， 扼流槽 105 可以为一个、 二个或多个， 具体实现时， 本实用新 型实施例对扼流槽 105的数量不做限制。
其中， 天线围边 104为一金属无底圓筒， 天线围边 104的内径尺寸优 选与反射面 1 01的最大内径尺寸一致， 还可以为其它的尺寸， 具体实现时， 本实用新型实施例对此不做限制。 天线围边 104 可以通过焊接、 铆接或螺 钉固定的方式固定在天线的反射面 101 顶部边缘， 也可以一体化形成天线 围边 104和天线反射面 101，具体实现时，本实用新型实施例对此不做限制。
综上所述， 本实用新型实施例通过在天线的围边上加扼流槽， 增加了 表面传输电流的传输距离、 并反射掉部分表面传输电流， 减少了到达天线 背后的电流量， 以此提高了天线的前后比， 从而避免增加天线围边的高度， 减少了天线的体积， 使实际应用中的安装更加简便； 并且当扼流槽的壁厚 大于等于天线围边其它部分的壁厚时， 还避免了对抛物面天线的机械性能 的影响。 上述本实用新型实施例序号仅仅为了描述， 不代表实施例的优劣。 以上所述仅为本实用新型的具体实施例， 并不用以限制本实用新型， 凡在 本实用新型的原则之内， 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等， 均应包含 在本实用新型的保护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种抛物面天线， 所述天线包括： 反射面、 馈源、 副反射面、 天线 围边； 其中， 所述馈源位于所述反射面的底部中心， 所述副反射面位于所 述馈源的顶部， 所述天线围边位于所述反射面的顶部边缘； 其特征在于， 所述天线还包括： 扼流槽，
所述扼流槽为一凸型环， 所述凸型环的内径与所述天线围边的外径一 致， 所述扼流槽位于所述天线围边的外侧。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的天线， 其特征在于， 所述扼流槽位于所述天线 围边垂直方向的任意位置上。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的天线， 其特征在于， 所述扼流槽的壁厚大于等 于所述天线围边的壁厚。
4、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的天线， 其特征在于， 所述扼流槽与所述天 线围边成一体。
5、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的天线， 其特征在于， 所述扼流槽的底面和 高面垂直， 所述扼流槽的高面与所述天线围边平行。
6、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的天线， 其特征在于， 所述扼流槽的数量为 一个或多个。
7、 如权利要求 1所述的天线， 其特征在于， 所述扼流槽的槽高的取值 范围为 0. 1 5至 0. 35倍的波长，所述扼流槽的槽宽的取值范围为 0. 1 5至 0. 35 倍的波长。
8、 如权利要求 1或 7所述的天线， 其特征在于， 所述凸型环的外径等于 所述凸型环的内径和所述扼流槽的两个槽宽之和。
PCT/CN2011/070036 2010-01-18 2011-01-05 一种抛物面天线 WO2011085650A1 (zh)

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