CN201576751U - 一种抛物面天线 - Google Patents

一种抛物面天线 Download PDF

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CN201576751U
CN201576751U CN2010200021522U CN201020002152U CN201576751U CN 201576751 U CN201576751 U CN 201576751U CN 2010200021522 U CN2010200021522 U CN 2010200021522U CN 201020002152 U CN201020002152 U CN 201020002152U CN 201576751 U CN201576751 U CN 201576751U
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antenna
choke groove
surrounding edge
reflecting surface
groove
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谢辉
郭智力
蒲仕明
肖凌文
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2011/070036 priority patent/WO2011085650A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/19—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
    • H01Q19/193—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface with feed supported subreflector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • H01Q15/16—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures curved in two dimensions, e.g. paraboloidal

Abstract

本实用新型公开了一种抛物面天线，属于电子领域，所述天线包括：反射面、馈源、副反射面、天线围边；所述馈源位于所述反射面的底部中心，所述副反射面位于所述馈源的顶部，所述天线围边位于所述反射面的顶部边缘；所述天线还包括：扼流槽，所述扼流槽为一凸型环，所述凸型环的内径与所述天线围边的外径一致，所述扼流槽位于所述天线围边的外侧。本实用新型通过在天线围边上增加扼流槽，增加了表面电流的传输距离、并反射掉部分表面传输电流，使其减少了到达天线背后的电流量，以此提高了天线的前后比，减少了天线的体积，使实际应用中的安装更加简便。

Description

一种抛物面天线
技术领域
本实用新型涉及电子领域，特别涉及一种抛物面天线。
背景技术
随着无线通信的迅猛发展，微波通信站点的需求量急剧增加，导致微波站点的分布越来越密集，使得天线后瓣信号对相邻站点的通信信号的影响日益明显。为了有效地减小天线后瓣对其相邻站点的干扰，尽可能提高微波站点的密集度以满足日益庞大的通信需求，微波系统对天线的前后比要求越来越高，需要对其进行优化。其中，天线前后比是指天线主瓣与角度为180°±40°范围内最大的辐射电量的差值。
现有技术中提出了一种优化天线前后比的方案，参见图1，在抛物面天线的反射面上增加了天线围边104，减少了到达天线背后的电流量，从而提高了天线的前后比。
发明人在实现本实用新型的过程中，发现上述现有技术至少存在以下缺点和不足：现有技术中需要将天线围边加得很高才能有效的提高天线的前后比，使得天线体积非常庞大，不能较方便的安装天线，缺少灵活性。
实用新型内容
为了减少天线的体积，提高天线的前后比，本实用新型实施例提供了一种抛物面天线，所述技术方案如下：
提供了一种抛物面天线，所述天线包括：反射面、馈源、副反射面、天线围边，所述馈源位于所述反射面的底部中心，所述副反射面位于所述馈源的顶部，所述天线围边位于所述反射面的顶部边缘；所述天线还包括：扼流槽，
所述扼流槽为一凸型环，所述凸型环的内径与所述天线围边的外径一致，所述扼流槽位于所述天线围边的外侧。
本实用新型实施例提供的技术方案的有益效果是：
本实用新型通过在天线围边上增加扼流槽，增加了表面电流的传输距离、并反射掉部分表面传输电流，使其减少了到达天线背后的电流量，以此提高了天线的前后比，减少了天线的体积，使实际应用中的安装更加简便。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本实用新型的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1是现有技术提供的抛物面天线的结构示意图；
图2是本实用新型实施例提供的抛物面天线的结构示意图；
图3是本实用新型实施例提供的抛物面天线的结构示意图；
图4是本实用新型实施例提供的抛物面天线的结构示意图；
图5是本实用新型实施例提供的抛物面天线的结构示意图。
附图中，各标号所代表的部件列表如下：
101：反射面；102：馈源；103：副反射面；104：天线围边；105：扼流槽；105a1：底面；105a2：高面。
具体实施方式
为使本实用新型的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本实用新型实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
为了减少天线的体积，提高天线的前后比，本实用新型实施例提供了一种抛物面天线。
参见图2，该抛物面天线包括：反射面101、馈源102、副反射面103、天线围边104、扼流槽105。
馈源102位于反射面101的底部中心，副反射面103位于馈源102的顶部，天线围边104位于反射面101的顶部边缘；扼流槽105位于天线围边104的外侧。
参见图3，扼流槽105为一凸型环，凸型环的内径与天线围边104的外径一致，凸型环的外径大于天线围边104的外径，凸型环的外径等于凸型环的内径和扼流槽的两个槽宽W之和。
扼流槽105可以通过直接建立模型或二次弯曲加工生成，或采用其它的生成方式来实现，具体实现时，本实用新型实施例对此不做限制。可以采用将扼流槽105和天线围边104铸模成一体的方式，也可以通过焊接、铆接或螺钉固定等方式，还可以采用其它的方式将扼流槽105固定在天线围边104的外侧，具体实现时，本实用新型实施例对此不做限制。
其中，扼流槽105位于天线围边104垂直方向的任意位置上，参见图3，扼流槽105可以位于天线围边104的底部，参见图4，扼流槽105位于天线围边104的中部，参见图5，扼流槽105位于天线围边104的顶部，还可以位于天线围边的其它部位，具体实现时，本实用新型实施例对此不做限制。
通过增加了扼流槽105可以实现表面传输电流的三次衰减，具体为：
第一次衰减：在该抛物面天线上增加了扼流槽105，当天线围边104为相同高度的情况下，由于在天线围边上增加了扼流槽105，使得表面传输电流I传输到天线顶部时会走更远的距离，故衰减了部分表面传输电流I1，使得表面传输电流I衰减为I-I1；
第二次衰减：扼流槽105使得表面传输电流I在扼流槽105的拐角处b会发生部分反射，即反射掉一部分表面传输电流I2，使得表面传输电流I衰减为I-I1-I2；
第三次衰减：当表面传输电流I沿天线传输了一段距离后，可能存在部分反射掉的表面传输电流I2与表面传输电流I的相位之差大于等于90度的情况，由于相位的相反，这时会使得表面传输电流I衰减掉部分表面传输电流I3，使得表面传输电流I衰减为I-I1-I2-I3。
为了便于扼流槽105的加工成形、增加天线表面电流的衰减，优选地，扼流槽105的底面105a1和扼流槽105的高面105a2垂直，扼流槽105的高面105a2与天线围边104平行，具体实现时，还可以为其它的方式，本实用新型实施例对此不做限制。
为了不影响抛物面天线的机械性能，扼流槽105的壁厚应不能薄于天线围边104的壁厚，应大于等于天线围边104的壁厚，优选地，该扼流槽105的壁厚与天线围边104的壁厚一致，具体实现时，本实用新型实施例对此不做限制。
根据实验验证，扼流槽105的槽高H的取值范围为波长的0.15至0.35倍，槽宽W的取值范围为波长的0.15至0.35倍，波长λ＝c/f，c为光速，f为频率，例如：当f等于15GHz时，可以获得λ等于0.02m，随着工作频率的变化，波长λ发生着相应的变化，使得槽高h和槽宽W发生着相应的变化。为了避免因电磁波的泄露而导致对天线的电性能指标、天线的抗风能力和其它机械可靠性的影响，优选地，天线围边104与扼流槽105成一体。
通过上述分析可以获知，对于抛物面天线，通过在天线围边104上增加扼流槽105，就会增加表面传输电流I传输到天线顶部的传输距离，即会衰减了部分表面传输电流，减少了到达天线背后的电流。由于Q＝I×t，其中Q为电量，t为时间，I为电流，参见图2，在一定时间内，当天线正前方辐射的电量一定时，由于到达天线背后的电流减少了，即到达天线背后的电量减少了，故增加了天线的前后比，因此只要在天线围边104的外侧，沿与天线围边104垂直方向的任意位置上增加扼流槽，都会增加天线的前后比。
其中，扼流槽105可以为一个、二个或多个，具体实现时，本实用新型实施例对扼流槽105的数量不做限制。
其中，天线围边104为一金属无底圆筒，天线围边104的内径尺寸优选与反射面101的最大内径尺寸一致，还可以为其它的尺寸，具体实现时，本实用新型实施例对此不做限制。天线围边104可以通过焊接、铆接或螺钉固定的方式固定在天线的反射面101顶部边缘，也可以一体化形成天线围边104和天线反射面101，具体实现时，本实用新型实施例对此不做限制。
综上所述，本实用新型实施例通过在天线的围边上加扼流槽，增加了表面传输电流的传输距离、并反射掉部分表面传输电流，减少了到达天线背后的电流量，以此提高了天线的前后比，从而避免增加天线围边的高度，减少了天线的体积，使实际应用中的安装更加简便；并且当扼流槽的壁厚大于等于天线围边其它部分的壁厚时，还避免了对抛物面天线的机械性能的影响。
上述本实用新型实施例序号仅仅为了描述，不代表实施例的优劣。
以上所述仅为本实用新型的具体实施例，并不用以限制本实用新型，凡在本实用新型的原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本实用新型的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种抛物面天线，所述天线包括：反射面、馈源、副反射面、天线围边；其中，所述馈源位于所述反射面的底部中心，所述副反射面位于所述馈源的顶部，所述天线围边位于所述反射面的顶部边缘；其特征在于，所述天线还包括：扼流槽，
所述扼流槽为一凸型环，所述凸型环的内径与所述天线围边的外径一致，所述扼流槽位于所述天线围边的外侧。
2.如权利要求1所述的天线，其特征在于，所述扼流槽位于所述天线围边垂直方向的任意位置上。
3.如权利要求1所述的天线，其特征在于，所述扼流槽的壁厚大于等于所述天线围边的壁厚。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的天线，其特征在于，所述扼流槽与所述天线围边成一体。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的天线，其特征在于，所述扼流槽的底面和高面垂直，所述扼流槽的高面与所述天线围边平行。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的天线，其特征在于，所述扼流槽的数量为一个或多个。
7.如权利要求1所述的天线，其特征在于，所述扼流槽的槽高的取值范围为0.15至0.35倍的波长，所述扼流槽的槽宽的取值范围为0.15至0.35倍的波长。
8.如权利要求1或7所述的天线，其特征在于，所述凸型环的外径等于所述凸型环的内径和所述扼流槽的两个槽宽之和。
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