WO2011082979A2 - Dispositif de contrôle et système de contrôle pour des systèmes de régulateur de vitesse intelligent - Google Patents

Dispositif de contrôle et système de contrôle pour des systèmes de régulateur de vitesse intelligent Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011082979A2
WO2011082979A2 PCT/EP2010/069554 EP2010069554W WO2011082979A2 WO 2011082979 A2 WO2011082979 A2 WO 2011082979A2 EP 2010069554 W EP2010069554 W EP 2010069554W WO 2011082979 A2 WO2011082979 A2 WO 2011082979A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
chambers
structural
chamber
silhouette
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2010/069554
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2011082979A3 (fr
Inventor
Dieter Walter
Stephen Rudzewski
Josef HÖRING
Original Assignee
Dieter Walter
Stephen Rudzewski
Hoering Josef
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE202010016206U external-priority patent/DE202010016206U1/de
Application filed by Dieter Walter, Stephen Rudzewski, Hoering Josef filed Critical Dieter Walter
Publication of WO2011082979A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011082979A2/fr
Publication of WO2011082979A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011082979A3/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/08—Shock-testing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
    • F16F7/003—One-shot shock absorbers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
    • F16F7/12—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using plastic deformation of members
    • F16F7/121—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using plastic deformation of members the members having a cellular, e.g. honeycomb, structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/02—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum
    • F16F9/04—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum in a chamber with a flexible wall
    • F16F9/049—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum in a chamber with a flexible wall multi-chamber units
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
    • G01M17/007—Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
    • G01M17/0078—Shock-testing of vehicles

Definitions

  • Test device test system for ACC systems
  • the application relates to a test device, a test system for ACC systems comprising a distance control automatic and comprising a structural association.
  • Detection threshold also exist no statistically reliable data, for. Make ACC systems more reliable.
  • Speed control system understood in motor vehicles, which takes into account in the control or regulation of vehicle systems, such as the safety system, the distance to a vehicle in front as additional feedback and manipulated variable.
  • vehicle systems such as the safety system
  • ACC Adaptive Cruise Control
  • ADR Automatic Distance Control
  • the position and the speed of the preceding vehicle are detected by at least one sensor (e.g., video, radar, etc.), and depending on the result, the speed or distance of the following vehicle equipped with this system becomes e.g. controlled by a motor and brake intervention (longitudinal control).
  • at least one sensor e.g., video, radar, etc.
  • Radar sensors are often used for this distance measurement. Furthermore, there are also lidar systems, which, however, often have disturbances in visibility-limiting weather conditions. However, an advantage of such lidar systems is their cheaper price. Radar systems work with a power of about 10 mW. This benefit seems sufficiently low that no health effects can be expected. Lidar systems work with invisible light and comparably low power, which is eye safe (laser class IM).
  • the approved radar frequency for this application is in the range 76-77 GHz, corresponding to a wavelength of about 4 mm.
  • Current developments are also reaching the frequency range of 24 GHz, since such systems can be produced more cheaply and thus also enable the introduction of such systems in the compact class.
  • the laser systems work in the infrared range. So far, such systems have been associated with the "comfort zone" in vehicles, so the testing of such ACC systems has been designed for comfort and did not require the stricter safety testing.
  • crash-matic systems are therefore designed to ensure the basic functioning of the sensors and software, and are not designed to withstand the higher security requirements (such as nearly one hundred percent secure detection).
  • Another common setup for testing ACC systems is therefore of the form that when the collision-prone vehicle has calculated a collision with the aid of its technical instruments, then the obstacle, usually a two-dimensional stationary vehicle dummy, is swung away On collision course vehicle to let the dummy pass without contact. Since the swinging takes time, is the
  • the function of the ACC system after retracting / moving away the silhouette is no longer verifiable and therefore not their interaction with the safety systems of the vehicle, since after passing the point of no return inevitably a collision occurs.
  • the radar From a previously unknown point in this time span between point-of-no-return and impact, for example, due to the increasing proximity of the radar to the obstacle vehicle, the radar will no longer be able to detect an obstacle vehicle as an obstacle vehicle at some point.
  • This point varies and depends, for example, on weather conditions, visibility conditions, vehicle contact angles, vehicle types and other components, so depending on these constellations, it is individual and (therefore) unknown for the vast majority of constellations. Since to date such vehicles have been damaged or even completely destroyed, information exists on this point only for very few data and if it exists, then it is not statistically reliable single measurements.
  • a device / method is missing to determine this individual point. Therefore, a basis for a method and apparatus for shutting down an ACC system near such a point is also missing avoid working on the basis of false information.
  • To simulate differential speed is to tow the obstacle vehicle.
  • obstacle vehicles In order not to damage the collision vehicle in the event of a collision, such obstacle vehicles are well padded, or an image of the vehicle is used as an obstacle.
  • Moving images of vehicles can also flutter and padded vehicle bodies do not reflect the radar beam of the sensors sufficiently well.
  • ACC systems are self-learning systems. Faulty systems can therefore have difficulties if they are confronted with reality as it really is. Furthermore, in the event that the vehicle obstacle is represented by an image, only a direct impact can be simulated since the camera and sensors of the colliding vehicle would not recognize the image they were heading for at an oblique run as a vehicle.
  • a structural bandage comprising at least one flexible chamber fillable with a fluid, the chamber being made of a flexible fluid-tight material and the chamber having at least one contact over more than half of its length with a solid body.
  • the combination of a fluid-filled flexible chamber (eg, compressed air tube) with a solid body serves to form together a new body with new properties in the sense of a dressing, in which the strength values are greater than or equal to the strength values of the sum the single body are. This will increase at least one
  • Torsional strength etc. to the extent that due to the strength theory, the strength value of the total body is greater than the sum of the individual strength values in at least one loading direction.
  • Such a chamber formed can serve as a structural element of a test device for ACC systems, but also as a structural element for other uses.
  • it is also suitable for use in order to direct forces from their point of attack to a defined location.
  • it takes up a minimum of space when not in use.
  • Structural structure comprising at least three flexible chambers which can be filled with a fluid, wherein the chambers consist of a flexible fluid-tight material and each of the chambers is in contact with a respective other chamber at least two locations per chamber.
  • a pressure prevail which is greater than the ambient pressure.
  • the chambers are filled with a fluid.
  • a preferred shape of the chambers is elongated.
  • structural bandage is understood to mean, first, a real object and not a virtual FEM calculation, for example, and is understood to mean an association of elements which are statically resilient in the filled state and which are capable of absorbing and / or transmitting forces in this state.
  • These forces can be compressive forces, bending forces, shear forces, moments, etc.
  • the structure is minimized in the unfilled state in its volume and maximized in the filled final state in its volume and therefore also statically resilient because the elements are filled with a fluid and thereby able to absorb forces and forces from the point of attack to guide at least one further, non-random, but defined, point different from the point of action.
  • such a "supporting structure" of a "structural association" according to the invention with filled elements of "buffers” is distinguished by the fact that it is the task of buffers, with the help of flexibility, ie with the help of their own yielding forces at least to partially compensate, rather than predominantly to guide them in the sense of a "structure” to a different point from the point of attack; while buffers serve the purpose
  • To compensate for forces / energies (eg by displacement of fluids stored in them) structures according to the invention do not have this task, but on the contrary the task forces / energies (possibly to a well-defined extent) to obtain and / or between (eg defined points) conduct .
  • the claimed structure association directs the attacking forces at a defined location predominantly to at least one further point different from the point of application, it should be understood that in any case more than 50% of the forces introduced into the formation at a defined point Forces are diverted to at least one other defined point of the same association.
  • the subsequently presented structural composite is capable of discharging approximately 100% of the forces introduced at a defined point into the dressing at at least one defined further point of the same dressing. Of course, therefore, he is also able to conduct within this range between above 50% and approximately 100% depending on the design of the structural association share of forces. Especially preferred are conducted fractions of over 90%, such as 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%; 98%, 99% and above.
  • the structural association is also delimited by the fact that chambers serving for buffering lack two defined points (the point of initiation of the force and the defined point (s)). the dissipation of this force).
  • buffers either no point of initiation of a force is defined, or no point of initiation of that force is defined, but it is, if any, at most some undefined surface, which is also yours can take up forces and / or give back a small part of them, because the core purpose of a buffering is not the passage of a force but its compensation, ie the protection of the potential
  • buffers also characterized by the fact that the claimed structure structure is dimensionally stable. Buffering, however, are not dimensionally stable (especially in all spatial directions), in particular during and after the impact, but serve by their intended change in shape (in at least one spatial direction) to absorb excess forces.
  • structures within the meaning of the invention are characterized by their properties of directing forces and / or being essentially dimensionally stable themselves and / or defining a power flow between at least two defined locations / points.
  • the proportions of these functions may vary, but in each case and / or in their sum are over 50% and preferably over 9%, e.g. 92%, 93%, 9 4%, 95%, 96%, 9 7%; 9 8%, 9 9% and above.
  • the second feature of the "Structure Association” is that of the "Association".
  • a "dressing” is formed by having more than one chamber, where "... each of the chambers is in contact with a different chamber at at least two locations per chamber.”
  • the chambers being tubes filled with fluid, they form a bandage of fluid-filled tubes.
  • each of the tubes has the function of directing a force.
  • a attached to an existing structural association additional chamber is considered according to the invention only as part of the structural association when it is not only in contact with the other chambers, but also passes a portion of the total attacking forces.
  • An inventive "dressing” also has greater resistance, e.g. against train, thrust, moments, bends on, as the sum of the individual chambers.
  • connection between the chambers is adapted to direct at least a portion of the forces into at least the next connected chamber at the time of the actual application of force.
  • Kammerkonglomorate which are not suitable for this purpose, because they are e.g. are connected to each other by means of long twine, do not constitute a "dressing" in the context of the invention.
  • chambers preferably chambers in tube shape, understood to be filled without fluid occupy a minimum possible space, for example because they are collapsible, and which increase in volume when they are with fluid be filled.
  • Such tubes may have any geometric shape. They can be round, elliptical, rectangular, etc. in diameter, for example.
  • the diameters may be, for example, 2-2, 5cm per tube.
  • At least one of the chambers can also be subdivided internally into sub-chambers, wherein the sub-chambers communicate with one another, for example via valves.
  • a type of throttle or valve
  • a type of throttle could also be used, for example in the form of a small hole in the direction of the outer environment of the chamber.
  • This also applies to the case described below, that there is a connection between chambers and pressure can be transferred from one to the other chamber.
  • short-term load peaks can be reduced, as in a correspondingly short load time (eg short-term peak loads) so the air can escape controlled. In this case, the leaked fluid is no longer available to the structural association.
  • the chambers may assume a defined outer end shape and / or a defined final volume after being filled with a fluid.
  • the chambers may take on a variable outer shape and / or assume a variable outer volume.
  • the flexible material is resistant to the escape of fluids, provided that a dense material is desired. Provided, so that no controlled escape of fluids is desired, which is assumed in the intended use as a structural association in the vast majority of cases.
  • the materials to be used may also be multilayer materials, such as airtight fabric materials. These materials can also be coated in order, for example, to be able to reflect radar beams.
  • a motor vehicle can be constructed, which can serve as a silhouette for crash tests. In this way, with such a silhouette either parts of a vehicle, such as for driveways from behind the rear part of a vehicle can be faithfully modeled in its outer shape, or it can also be faithfully replicated entire vehicles in their outer shape.
  • these can also be equipped with their own drive systems, as well as with a remote control and thus simulate road traffic.
  • the chambers being tubes, they form a bandage of fluid-filled tubes.
  • the tubes can have any outer shape, but should be longer than their diameter.
  • each tube can also have a different diameter.
  • they may be designed rod-shaped, bent, angled or closed in a ring shape.
  • the axes of the individual chambers are parallel.
  • these parallel axes need not be straight, but may also have any waveform, for example, to represent a not straight contour or to understand.
  • non-parallel axes can provide benefits in certain circumstances, for example, to direct forces in one direction.
  • the chambers can either touch only, and / or cohesive, and / or non-positively, and / or form-fitting contact with each other, "... to be in contact " means not only in that they are in direct contact with each other, but also that chambers are indirectly in contact with each other, that is, in contact with each other by means of another element, but in both cases this contact must be suitable, forces which are conducted into the one chamber This can lead to different results for the same connection means, for example, if chambers in the form of tubes are connected to each other in parallel by means of twine, and by a chamber a force parallel to the axis of the chamber is discharged again, so the neighboring chambers are due to the nature of the exemplary compound of this force t not acted upon. However, if a force is applied to the same assembly of chambers perpendicular to its axis (ie, bending), the chamber remote from the initiating force may possibly take over part of this bending force and compensate for it with the aid of its resisting
  • chambers at least partially contact each other at their respective points of contact, which may be a continuous contact, or intermittent contact with interruptions.
  • chambers on each of their own walls contact the wall of the adjacent chamber throughout continuous contact can also be done by a material bond, such as by a weld.
  • such a structural framework may consist of three fluid-filled chambers, each chamber being made of a fluid-tight material and each of the chambers contacting the other chamber thereby forming a chamber structure.
  • These mutually independent chambers form a structural framework according to the invention when they collectively receive and direct a force acting on them. In this case, in addition to the amount of pressure contained therein on the dimensioning of the individual chambers of the amount of force, which transmits the respective chamber are determined.
  • the chambers may be replaced by external means, e.g. by holding means (e.g., bandage).
  • holding means e.g., bandage
  • An embodiment of the present invention therefore comprises holding means which presses the chambers against each other at their respective outer wall.
  • the Chamber Association forms a previously described "structure" Forwarding of forces.
  • the chambers which may be tubes or hoses, have (for example by their shape of the chamber) during filling no preferred direction, but the filling acts within the chamber then similar in all directions.
  • Band attached additional chamber is considered according to the invention only as part of the structural association when it is not only in contact with the other chambers, but also directs a portion of the total attacking forces.
  • An inventive chamber assembly of tubes appears to be particularly suitable for forces which bear against the ends of the chambers and in particular should be forwarded in the axial direction.
  • such a framework of chambers / tubes can also be used e.g. in one embodiment to act as a beam to be loaded in the middle and thus subjected to bending.
  • Such structural federations can thus be loaded on pressure and / or thrust, and / or bending and / or torsion, ie on forces and moments.
  • such a structure is permanently / constantly fillable with a fluid or permanently filled and thereby permanently stiffened in its filled shape, and not only situational.
  • This stiffening is also achieved by the fact that according to the invention more than two tubes are used.
  • This structure is erfindungseffleß not only causes short-term (eg by rapid expansion) and it is thus not only equipped for short-term energy absorption and just not designed for a single use.
  • the structural framework according to the invention is oriented in particular to permanent force transmission / torque transmission.
  • Structural frameworks comprising e.g. Tubes ultimately a universally applicable support structure.
  • a support structure can be used interdisciplinary whenever permanent stable structures with low mass and narrow space, which may not always be definable, are needed.
  • a "fluid” is understood to mean a liquid and / or a gas.
  • Fluids can also be supplemented / enriched with solids.
  • a fluid may crystallize over time, or it may contain, in addition to the actual fluid, one or more substances, e.g. in small form (e.g., styrofoam balls).
  • Fluid and solid may also interact with each other, e.g. to build up an additional pressure, or to maintain an existing pressure.
  • Such solids can also perform the additional function of sealing leaks in the chambers.
  • a pressure which is greater than the ambient pressure of the chambers In at least one of the chambers or in all chambers prevails in the filled state, a pressure which is greater than the ambient pressure of the chambers.
  • the pressure from chamber to chamber but also be different. This may have the purpose that the daily work group can be precisely adjusted in this way to known load situations.
  • the pressure prevailing in the silhouette can also be monitored by a pressure monitoring device and possibly provided with a possibility to provide a response to the outside via the pressure conditions If the chambers held together by a holding means, then in the chambers by definition prevails a pressure which is greater than outside the chambers and within the holding means, or which is greater than outside the chambers and outside of the holding means.
  • the chambers can be set individually and in a targeted manner for the force / moment to be transmitted by them.
  • the properties of the chambers can also be adjusted by pressure differences between them or by different external shapes or external radii for the force / moment to be transmitted by them.
  • Load peaks could also be a type of choke, e.g. in the form of a small hole from one chamber to another, serve the purpose of relieving such short-term load peaks, as in a correspondingly short loading time (e.g., momentary peak loads) the air can controllably escape into another chamber. In this case, the fluid thus released is still available to the structural association.
  • a type of choke e.g. in the form of a small hole from one chamber to another, serve the purpose of relieving such short-term load peaks, as in a correspondingly short loading time (e.g., momentary peak loads) the air can controllably escape into another chamber. In this case, the fluid thus released is still available to the structural association.
  • the chambers have no fluid exchange among each other (apart from exceptions, supra).
  • An application of such a structure according to the invention is in particular always considered when low masses with high load capacity and low volume are desired.
  • Possible fields of use would be: airbags tents, houses, boats, furniture (e.g., table legs), vehicles such as tents. Aircraft etc.
  • Such structural federations are also suitable for use in areas such as (not restrictive) in aircraft, eg in the wings of a microlight, in shipbuilding, in space technology and in other cases of stabilization, especially if these are limited or narrow Have to be made room.
  • Such structural associations can also be used in such safety-relevant areas that are not accessible to people, but have bearing / loadable elements (carrier), such as stabilization or displacement of objects (eg after earthquakes, in collapse of eg rooms, buildings , in tunneling, lining with a large tube taking the wall of the Lining can be built from such a structural association, among other things).
  • This structural framework can also be part of an airbag.
  • airbags differ from the structural framework of the present invention in that airbags do not communicate with each of the airbag chambers with another chamber because e.g. the outer chambers of an airbag are not communicating with at least two other chambers, but if at all, with only one chamber.
  • the chambers of an airbag do not form a structural bandage because they do not serve the purpose of carrying a e.g. But to provide an impact zone for the purpose of cushioning (compensating for the impact energy of, for example, the driver) a situationally apparent and not for the purpose of continuously loading his load.
  • a structural framework according to the invention is also filled with fluid for a longer period of time than an airbag which only has to provide its impact-inhibiting effect in fractions of a second and not over an extended period of time, as is the case with structural formworks.
  • an inventive airbag comprises in addition to the short-term filled with air and the filling pressure not holding impact-compensating elements also additional designed in the manner of the invention, which must hold the pressure over a long time and thus act as a supporting structure and as a structure span eg protective screen To protect the person concerned, for example, permanently from splinters of glass, or to prevent people being thrown outward.
  • structures according to the invention may also be part of a body, for example a motor vehicle, such as e.g. Part of an impact protection in collisions with lighter objects, such as e.g. Animals or persons, or as rollover protection in a passenger cell to stabilize the passenger cell by, for example, when rolling over forces caused by the persons in the vehicle are guided around and / or prevent body parts are pressed too far into the passenger cell.
  • a motor vehicle such as e.g. Part of an impact protection in collisions with lighter objects, such as e.g. Animals or persons, or as rollover protection in a passenger cell to stabilize the passenger cell by, for example, when rolling over forces caused by the persons in the vehicle are guided around and / or prevent body parts are pressed too far into the passenger cell.
  • the size of this part of the forwarded force can be flexibly defined between the chambers by means of the shape of the connection (positively locking and / or cohesive). Preferably, more than half of the introduced force is passed through at least one adjacent chamber.
  • chamber conglomerates which are indeed interconnected, but whose connection, for example, does not serve the purpose of transmitting forces to an adjacent chamber, do not constitute a "composite" in the sense of this embodiment of the present invention. not preferably serve the purpose of transmitting forces to an adjacent chamber ... ", for example, a transmission ratio below the arithmetic mean of the respective portion of the immediately adjacent chambers.
  • this connection is dependent on the material to be joined and, depending on the material, the chambers can also be connected to one another, for example by gluing, sewing etc.
  • these non-positive connections are provided by a StoffSchluß, such as by a weld.
  • connections between adjacent chambers can also be interpreted individually. This makes e.g. Sense in adjacent chambers, which are exposed to a bend.
  • the connection between two chambers, which is closer to the initiating force can be made firmer, than the connection of two chambers, which is arranged more remote from a force.
  • each chamber in which in such a structural association also each chamber is connected to each adjacent chamber, a particularly stable framework structure is formed.
  • Such a framework structure may for example consist of a central tubular chamber which is surrounded by a plurality of, for example, similar tubular chambers.
  • the diameter of the central chamber is in this case preferably dimensioned such that it matches with each of the outer Chambers communicates.
  • the central chamber can have any desired geometric shape (for example, round, flat, etc.).
  • the central tubular chamber would have five contacts and each of the surrounding tubular chambers would have three contacts.
  • each chamber in which in such a structural association each chamber is connected to each adjacent chamber, is ensured between the chambers, as already described, an optimized transmission of forces.
  • the structural association according to the invention is even further bounded e.g. from tubes which have common walls.
  • one chamber to an adjacent chamber is less than 10% of the surface area of one chamber, more preferably less than 5% and less than 1% of the surface area of one chamber.
  • At least one connection of a chamber with at least one adjacent chamber consists of a connecting section of the structural association of punctual connections is delimited.
  • a connection of a chamber to an adjacent chamber consists of a connecting path
  • this connecting line being preferably parallel to the central axis of the chamber and extending to some extent Length and, of course, can also extend over the entire length of the chamber. This feature does not preclude when this connection is interrupted at at least one point, for example to form a loop for a holding device.
  • the stability of the structural association is further increased by the pressure in the chambers, which may be different from chamber to chamber kept constant becomes.
  • constant pressure does not necessarily have to be the sole cause of a higher load capacity.
  • a relatively small increase in pressure may occur in the case of a "small" deformation and thus reduce the load, eg bending of a structural framework. This can be the case, for example, if chambers are opposed
  • a beam in which the chamber axes are parallel to the beam axis esp.
  • a single large tube with constant outer dimensions is stressed on bending.
  • the stability of the structural bandage is further increased.
  • tear-resistant flexible materials are suitable as the shell material, such as, for example, fabrics, flexible composite materials, etc.
  • these tear-resistant flexible materials may also have a layer of kevlar or similar materials.
  • the wrapping material causes the wrapping material to build up forces in the direction of the central axis of the overall bandage.
  • the chamber assembly becomes a chamber composite.
  • a Kammernverbund differs by a Kammern notion in that in a Kammernverbund the distribution of the forces to be transmitted is distributed by the forces caused by the shell material more evenly.
  • Such a composite of chambers is therefore characterized in particular by the fact that it not only forces, e.g. in the axial direction of e.g. Chamber tubes are forwarded, but in that additional forces are applied by the shell material in the direction of the center of the overall composite, whereby the chambers are pressed together.
  • the wrapping material can be stretchable or not. If it is stretchable, the stretching of the force of the wrapping material to the chambers can be made more flexible and forces in the chambers can be easily broken down in the event of punctual overload, which helps prevent damage.
  • the shell material in this case acts as an additional chamber.
  • the fluid from that second chamber would be prevented from escaping into the environment.
  • a second parameter is thus given with this difference in radius, by means of which the carrying capacity of this composite can be defined.
  • these pressure differences causes an additional tension of the chambers with each other and with the shell material. As a result, the stability of the structural composite can be further increased.
  • the preferred working range is defined.
  • one skilled in the art will also contemplate increasing or decreasing pressures in situ. For example, if the ambient pressure changes during transport to the deep sea or into the universe.
  • the difference in pressure within the chambers compared to the pressure outside the chambers between the ten bar and around a bar opens up a use of inventive structures in both the deep sea, where extremely high pressures from the outside to act on these chambers as well as in space, where the pressures are significantly lower than the ambient pressure on the earth's surface.
  • the decisive factor is that the differential pressure which loads the chambers from the outside does not exceed the maximum strength of the enveloping material. It follows that the absolute pressure in the chambers in the deep sea at eg 2000m depth can be 200 bar + 10 bar overpressure, ie the external pressure of the water, plus the chamber overpressure. In space, the situation is opposite, the maximum external pressure drop can indeed amount to only 1 bar (atmosphere and space vacuum), so an increase in the differential pressure of 1 bar.
  • the amount of overpressure begins just above the chamber pressure and extends to the failure of the chamber material. Particularly good results are achieved with an amount of around one bar up to the 10 bar.
  • Preferred gases are not only air but also gases with a weight which is lighter than air, whereby the weight of the overall construction can be further reduced.
  • a weight which is lighter than air whereby the weight of the overall construction can be further reduced.
  • fluids which are heavier than air are also conceivable, in order to increase the mass at defined points of the obstacle vehicle during ACC crash simulations (eg the wheel region), for example in order to reduce / avoid fluttering or to make contact with a simulated wheel Ensure roadway.
  • the physical properties of this chamber are caused to be more precisely defined.
  • a chamber with small balls e.g. Styrofoam balls to fill.
  • a chamber designed in this way is more insensitive to shock without significantly increasing its weight.
  • the chambers are caused by the flexibility of fabric materials easier to fill and space-saving storable and can be used in winding rooms.
  • the chambers may therefore consist of a material, such as an air mattress material which is characterized in that it has only a small elongation.
  • Preferred fabrics are found in the material groups of the airbag fabrics, as well as those of the composites, such as nylon composites, which have the added benefit of weldability.
  • the use of films is conceivable.
  • Kevlar can also be used (eg a layer). Naturally This also includes materials that have comparable properties to the materials listed here.
  • the flexible fluid-tight material of at least one of the chambers comprises a substantially tear-resistant grid structure
  • the type in which the material fails because it is stressed beyond its load limit is caused to be shapable.
  • a bursting of the entire chamber can be prevented by only a portion within a grid fails and releases the contents of the chamber through this singular hole.
  • This grid can be realized, for example, by a tissue embedded in the chamber material.
  • the feature of a "... substantially tear-resistant grid structure " means that the grid structure is stronger than the material of the chamber in the interstice of the grid.
  • the object is also achieved by the use of a flexible fluid-tight material for the design of a chamber of a structural association, which may optionally include a substantially tear-resistant grid structure.
  • such a structural association also comprises at least one filling device for at least one of the chambers, or each of the chambers comprises at least one filling device.
  • the chambers can be filled quickly and effectively.
  • situational pressure changes can be adjusted immediately in order to quickly adapt the dressing to changed conditions, for example.
  • the pressure can be reduced situativ to the original pressure, for example as a result of strong sunlight on the chamber and consequent pressure increase to keep the pressure constant in this way.
  • the pressure can also be selectively changed in this way in order to set a new physical state by the changed pressure.
  • the filling device and / or the structural association may comprise a control device, which monitor the filling and / or the pressure in at least one of the chambers.
  • the filling device maintains the pressure in each of the chambers in the defined state.
  • the pressure can be variable, specifically controlled, or constant.
  • a sensor and a control device can be used which, due to the pressures in the chamber determined by the sensor, is capable of maintaining an additional supply of fluid into the chamber and thereby keeping the pressure therein constant.
  • an airbag, tent, house, boat, furniture, such as a table leg, aircraft, etc. comprising such a structural framework.
  • these can also be equipped with their own drive systems, as well as with a remote control and thus simulate road traffic.
  • any three-dimensional object may comprise such a structural framework. Since the structural framework according to the invention primarily has a high strength with low volume, it will always be used where such a property is required.
  • This can also be structural elements of an airbag, for example a front airbag, if the latter is to be assigned the task over a longer period of time Structure to maintain.
  • a front airbag if, for example, it is intended to close the space between the bumper and the roadway in order to prevent passers-by from driving over. This could also be the case in the interior of a vehicle whenever the structure must be firm and permanently secure. In contrast to current airbags which protect the occupants and which are neither fixed nor permanently (fixed), this property can be used to stabilize eg the passenger cell in accidents (such as rollovers) to their deformation or destruction to avoid.
  • houses, tents, furniture can include a structural framework according to the invention.
  • houses, tents, furniture e.g. be housed in a confined space for disaster use for storage and transport and inflated on site and have a previously unknown stability after inflation.
  • an inflatable boat equipped in this way could also comprise an inflatable seat or a floor made of a structural composite according to the invention.
  • an inflatable boat equipped in this way could also comprise an inflatable seat or a floor made of a structural composite according to the invention.
  • On the other hand could be essential parts of the frame of a boat from the structural framework of the invention and help tension its outer wall, which makes it floated by this stretched and at least partially uninflated outer wall.
  • a model for such a structure could be an Indian kayak, in which the branches are replaced by a structural framework of the invention and the outer skin by a water-repellent substance or other material of comparable effect.
  • axles can be embedded in such a structural framework and connected to other structural associations, be equipped with an example electric motor and thus simulate traffic flows, if they are also eg remotely controlled. Since vehicles equipped in this way are relatively insensitive to crashes, such autonomously movable vehicles can, for example, readjust complex traffic situations and carry out mass accidents in a realistic manner. As a result, important data for such accidents can be obtained.
  • Vehicle Silhouette provides such a silhouette on two functional groups. Once the functional group of the structure and second, the functional group of the outer shape.
  • such a composite / dressing forms the torso / skeleton / framework / frame of a three-dimensional body to be formed, for example representing a vehicle.
  • a body constructed in this way has a hardness / stability that can be defined by the pressures of the composite / dressing, and thus the possibility of attaching further attachments to this structure so as to bring about a desired three-dimensional shape.
  • the structure can be designed to provide sufficient stability to support the overall construct.
  • the outer contour can in turn be connected to the structure, but have other properties, such as the Exterior of a car, the reflective properties of a real car for example radar beams.
  • a vehicle silhouette comprises a structural framework which, in the filled state, simulates at least parts of the outer contour of a vehicle
  • entire vehicles can be constructed in this way.
  • Vehicles here can be both land vehicles and aircraft as well as vehicles to water.
  • the structure of the invention / structural composite is connected to other fillable areas.
  • Starting from the structural composite according to the invention can be constructed by attaching further fillable areas of this composite and by filling them with a fluid, a three-dimensional silhouette whose outer shape is arbitrarily formed by these additional chambers to be attached there.
  • Such a framework of e.g. High pressure hoses e.g., filled with about 1.5 to about 4 bar
  • low pressure regions e.g.
  • the structure / three-dimensional shape of a vehicle builds around the 0.5 bar.
  • Such a construction is characterized by good damping, good aerodynamics and a stable shape.
  • the pressure of the fluid within these additional regions is less than the pressure in one of the chambers of the structural composite.
  • One of the fillable areas can, when filled, simulate at least parts of the outer contour of a motor vehicle.
  • Such simulated motor vehicles can be placed on the road, for example, so that between the wheels of the simulated vehicle and the road no gap remains, so that the sensors of an ACC system can also detect this obstacle safely as a motor vehicle.
  • the low-pressure and air-filled area of the bumper compartment can be tuned to various collision scenarios.
  • this area can also be filled with a light, stable foam, which prevents and at the same time prevents such bursting in that the collision vehicle is damaged.
  • the zones of the vehicle and their rigidity can be tuned to the speed of the collision vehicle, which has significant advantages over a simple, single, gas-only volume.
  • the collision mass of the obstacle vehicle is significantly reduced in the manner according to the invention in order to cause no damage to the collision vehicle by the collision impulse.
  • the outer shape of a superclass vehicle can be constructed so deceptively real in this way that the sensors of an ACC system of a vehicle on a collision course interpret this shape as a real vehicle.
  • the approach and the behavior of the sensors can be further measured even after the "point of no return” has been exceeded, which is particularly important since, for example, the restraint systems are activated from this point. as well as the effect of restraint systems in the tests.
  • an ACC system comprising a driver on a collision course in an obstacle vehicle can now also be checked after passing through the point of no return and also for situations in which the driver is prevented from taking action on his vehicle and decisions taken by him
  • Safety electronics of the vehicle are set, such as an automatic initiation of full braking after passing the point of no return.
  • such a silhouette can be used multiple times. Recent experience has shown that such a silhouette is still operational after 300 actual collisions at different, even high speeds.
  • such a silhouette is part of a crashmatics system, comprising a vehicle silhouette directly or indirectly fastened to a boom, as well as a boom to which the vehicle silhouette is fastened.
  • a silhouette can also be moved by the silhouette is guided on the boom and the boom is moved.
  • the behavior of the sensors of ACC systems can also be tested realistically by colliding vehicles, even at high relative speeds.
  • the crashmat system includes a boom, a vehicle silhouette attached to a boom, and a vehicle, wherein the silhouette is attached to the boom and the boom is attached to the vehicle and can be moved by the vehicle.
  • the silhouette whether it is a complete vehicle, or just a part of a vehicle, Any desired driving situations can be repeated as often as desired, even at high speeds, because neither the driver nor the devices installed therein (measuring devices, nor the vehicle itself) are exposed to risk as a result of the resulting damage
  • Reversibility of the experiments can be carried out for the first time a variety of similar experiments, so as to gain statistically reliable data.
  • fluid can be supplied to a vehicle silhouette secured to a support arm by the support arm having and / or being connected to a filling device, and wherein the filling device covers the chambers, and / or the spaces between the chambers and / or the areas inside the shell material is able to supply a defined pressure in each case and / or is able to maintain the existing pressure there.
  • a structural framework and / or a silhouette can be filled with fluid.
  • a Crash simulator comprising one of such devices also allows the simulation of collisions when cornering, since in the inventive way the silhouette can now be performed while cornering in "quasi" constant distance from the ground and thus only the detection of the obstacle vehicle by the
  • Vehicle sensors such as the video sensors is certainly possible.
  • crash-matic system can therefore, with regard to the uninterrupted recognition, be used to test the ACC system, in particular also when cornering, by e.g. Radar, video, lidar, etc., or combinations thereof.
  • the reliability of the replacement of driver reactions by vehicle systems can also be checked and, in particular, adjusted in the manner according to the invention.
  • this system also distinguishes that it is also possible to check the behavior during cornering collisions, ie the crash-matic system is moved on a flat circular path, for example, and the following test vehicle travels with the sensors arranged therein, following this curve and controlled collision occurs the cornering.
  • the object is also achieved by a method for operating a crash-matic system in which a vehicle silhouette is first provided and after provision of this vehicle silhouette, a real vehicle drives towards this vehicle silhouette and / or collides with this vehicle silhouette.
  • This collision is due to the invention for non-destructive on the collision course vehicle.
  • the freedom from destruction can be achieved, in particular, by providing a previously described silhouette of a vehicle comprising a previously described structural framework in the manner according to the invention. This is done in particular by providing a vehicle silhouette in the manner according to the invention.
  • This provision of a vehicle silhouette or for providing an airbag, tent, house, boots, furniture, vehicles, body parts for vehicles, rollover protection for vehicles, aircraft, emergency slide of an aircraft is preferably carried out by first a structural association is provided and in a further step then the chambers the vehicle silhouette, which are not counted to the structural association, are provided.
  • first chambers are prepared, these chambers are then connected together in a simultaneous or in a further step and then filled in a further step with fluid, wherein this filling of the chambers occur simultaneously or sequentially in succession can.
  • first a vehicle silhouette is provided in one of the ways described (method and / or device) and after
  • the object is moreover achieved by a method for determining crash data, in which a described method for operating a crash-matic system is operated.
  • the object is also achieved by a method for determining crash data, comprising at least one test vehicle equipped with ACC systems, and at least the one, in particular three-dimensional, silhouette of an obstacle vehicle, in particular this silhouette can be part of a previously described Crashmatiksystems and wherein the test vehicle is on a collision course with that of the silhouette and wherein the ACC system continues to record its ACC data even after passing through the "point of no return" without interruption until collision and / or beyond.
  • crash data e.g. with the help of a described Crashmatiksystems and / or a described
  • a structure association can be determined, wherein between an obstacle vehicle and located at a collision course with the obstacle vehicle vehicle a Relative speed of over 40Kmh prevails and wherein sensors in at least one of the two vehicles to detect the other vehicle and this crash data are generated.
  • crash data even at a relative speed of over 40 km / h, can now be carried out without destruction and damage to the vehicle in collision.
  • the upper limit of destruction and damage freedom depends on the vehicle and depending on the material of the silhouette, but is above a relative speed of 120 Kmh.
  • Such Crashmatiksystem and / or structural association wherein the device for determining crash data includes sensors for recording crash data, as well as analysis means for analyzing crash data, causes the recorded data can be fed into a database connected to the analysis means and then using Algorithms can be evaluated with regard to various crash scenarios and action suggestions / intervention suggestions can be determined.
  • the detected crash data can be stored in a database and, in yet another step, these crash data stored in the database can be normalized with the aid of analysis means and / or computer capacities.
  • crash data can now be normalized due to the inventively high reversibility and thus represent an ideal response. Furthermore, a deviation of an actual value from the ideal behavior depicted in a normalized value can thereby be determined.
  • the extent of the deviation can provide a decision aid, whether the driver at least partial control of his vehicle is expected, or whether the vehicle is based on the normalized data, for these stored in the normalized data ideal response of the vehicle is initiated, such as the timely initiation a Precrash s, such as the tensioning of the straps, the entering it steering wheel, preparing the airbags.
  • currently determined crash data can be compared with the standardized crash data in a further step. Following this, in a further step based on the comparison between currently determined crash data and the standardized crash data, the driving behavior of the vehicle is influenced.
  • Such a crash-matic system and / or structural association wherein the analysis means for analyzing crash data comprises a memory device and / or remote communication means causes the recorded data to be stored and / or communicated to a location beyond the crash-matic system.
  • the destination of such data could then be a data center in which builds up over time an extensive data collection on crash behavior.
  • the invention is therefore also solved by a control device for vehicles, which comprises such crash data.
  • a control device for vehicles which comprises such crash data.
  • Such data are provided and prepared in a vehicle in the control system of the vehicle; But they can also be at least temporarily deposited in the respective units, such as the ABS system or fed to it.
  • the invention is therefore also solved by a vehicle comprising at least one such control device and / or such crash data.
  • the invention is therefore also characterized by a memory, e.g. solved in a vehicle, which comprises at least one such control device and / or such crash data.
  • the invention is therefore also solved by a computer which comprises at least one memory and / or crash data and / or data which has been determined with the aid of such crash data using an algorithm or at least one logical link.
  • This computer can be on board a motor vehicle or outside. In the latter case, the data would then be transmitted by remote communication to this computer.
  • a method comprising a motor vehicle, wherein the motor vehicle comprises an ACC system and wherein the ACC system has sensors for recording the surroundings of this vehicle train and with the aid of the sensors is able to recognize other vehicles wherein among the other vehicles are also obstacle vehicles to which the vehicle is on a collision course, and wherein the data taken by the sensors are adapted to enrich or completely replace driver inputs by inputs based on the recorded sensor data, in a first step Passing the Point of no Return to enrich non-safety driver inputs with inputs based on the recorded sensor data or to replace them completely, but after passing the point of no Return Enrich driver inputs with inputs based on the recorded sensor data or replace them completely.
  • This vehicle may also be part of a crashmatics system in any of the previously described embodiments.
  • driver inputs is meant, in particular, inputs which cause the collision energy to be reduced before an accident, as e.g. the initiation of a braking.
  • driver inputs are further understood inputs that cause at least one of the occupants of the collision located vehicle is protected from injury.
  • these include, for example, the on-board “restraint systems”, e.g. Airbags, restraint systems, the retraction of the steering wheel etc.
  • restraint systems e.g. Airbags, restraint systems, the retraction of the steering wheel etc.
  • Precrash systems are systems that have the function of removing energy from the vehicle before a major accident. This happens, for example, by an autonomous on the basis of the data of the ACC system initiated by the electronics full braking.
  • pre-crash function which already supports actions initiated by the driver, but does not replace them, or intervenes automatically without actions of the driver in the vehicle / driving behavior, has so far been insufficiently tested! These previously inadequate tests give the manufacturer on such existing "pre-crash" function no guarantee on these systems.
  • pre-crash functions can now also be extensively and reversibly tested, not least because with the aid of the system according to the invention an actual colliding at speeds above 40 Kmh and in particular above 60 Kmh Vrel can now be tested for the first time.
  • the silhouette remains stationary until the actual collision or is moved. However, it does not have to be cleared out of the way by a special intervention before the collision in order to let the colliding vehicle pass.
  • these data recorded by the ACC system are also forwarded to the vehicle electrics / electronics after the point of no return. In previous ones
  • Collision dimming had to be stopped before passing the point of no return because a collision had to be avoided (injury to the driver, destruction of the vehicles).
  • the measurement was aborted, for example, by folding away the obstacle vehicle. So far this has been especially at differential speeds over 60Km / h and even more so at differential speeds above 80Km / h and 100Km / h.
  • a Crashmatiksystem comprising a fixed to a support arm vehicle silhouette, via the support arm, the described filling device can supply the chambers with pressure / fluid and wherein the filling device the chambers, the spaces between the chambers and the shell material and the Areas supplies the fluid under the respective defined pressure and / or holds the supplied pressure.
  • Such a Crashmatiksystem comprises at least one structural composite according to the invention and thereby forms part of a stabilizing device for vehicles, comprising a connecting element on which the first ends of at least two supports are directly or indirectly arranged and wherein the second ends of these supports are arranged on an axis, which is connected to the vehicle and which to one of the vehicle axles parallel or identical.
  • the axes must be in a mutually defined geometry, ie interact geometrically.
  • the vehicle axle and the axis described are parallel. "Parallel" here means that the plane in which this axis is located and the plane in which the vehicle axles are located are parallel.
  • stabilizing device is understood to mean a device which is suitable for absorbing and discharging forces and / or moments.
  • this connecting element can be part of a cross member / cross-arm, as it is common and known in crash test setups and is used for moving vehicle silhouettes.
  • a vehicle silhouette or the image of a vehicle may be fastened to such a connection element.
  • These two can also be connected to another vehicle, which serves as a "carrier vehicle” via the cross member / transverse arm, wherein the carrier vehicle moves the vehicle dummy by on the carrier vehicle, the cross member (or a towing device o .) Is fastened, and wherein the cross member is connected to the core pieces of the stabilizer, namely the connecting element and the connecting element is connected in the inventive manner by means of at least two supports with a vehicle, the vehicle can be represented by the described vehicle silhouette.
  • the dummy vehicle in this structure serve the purpose of performing collision tests.
  • forces or moments which act on the supports can be derived via the connecting element and forces or moments of the connecting element can be conducted via the supports.
  • the power flow can thus take place in both directions.
  • Vehicle means vehicles with axles, regardless of whether or how they are driven.
  • an already existing vehicle axle of a vehicle ie if the second ends of these supports are arranged on the axis of rotation of at least one of the vehicle axles and / or arranged at the end of the axis of rotation of at least one of the vehicle axles can, for example Rear axle via this connection at the e.g. Right and left wheel hub of the rear axle will be a force on the supports directly into this hub and from this hub directly on the road will be.
  • the connecting element and the supports are particularly strong static load. Furthermore, such a vehicle equipped in particular to the movement of obstacle vehicles for crash tests, collision tests. Due to the invention according to the particular stability of the (carrier) vehicle and thus the present invention caused high stability of the (Carrier) vehicle cooperating obstacle vehicle, the crash tests performed with such a device according to the invention are highly reversible and result in highly reversible data. Due to their high degree of reversibility, these data also meet the stringent requirements for testing safety systems rather than the lower requirements of comfort system tests.
  • the stabilizer (comprising supports and
  • Connecting element can be directly connected to a cantilever, e.g. be connected to a transverse cantilever (for example by the connecting element being part of, or for example fixedly connected to, the transverse cantilever) or the connecting element may be indirectly connected to a cantilever, e.g. a cantilever (e.g., by being moveably connected to it, for example, via a hinge / bearing).
  • the cross-arm and connecting element are connected to one another in such a way that they perform exactly the same movement, such as, for example, Seesaws.
  • the connecting element does not transmit any torques about the X-axis to the body of the carrier vehicle.
  • the X-axis is defined in the usual way in the automotive industry.
  • the connecting element can not pass torques about the X-axis of the main bearing to the body or the intermediate frame due to its storage by the main bearing. These torques are rather transmitted via the supports to the axis of the vehicle or via additional axes.
  • Boundary conditions of such a transverse cantilever can be, without being restrictive:
  • the basic structure is lightweight
  • the boom is pivotally mounted on the base frame and in the appropriate position,
  • the boom can be locked to the left or right of the vehicle, fixed to the base frame
  • the supports are vertical. In special situations, however, a non-vertical position of the supports may have a stabilizing / balancing / decoupling effect.
  • the boom may also be mounted on the carrier vehicle (e.g., with a carriage) so as to be slidable and / or detachable in the vehicle longitudinal direction (X).
  • the supports are preferably inclined so that the cross member while cornering due to the vehicle inclination caused thereby also shifts, but he shifts only parallel in this shift and not at this shift an angle (between before the shift and after the relocation) forms , As a result, the crash object attached to the cross member is then always in a nearly constant vertical position.
  • the axis is pluggable and can be used on envelope II / R
  • Stabilizer includes sprung and / or damped supports, forces acting in the support can be additionally absorbed / compensated by the spring mechanism integrated therein.
  • Per support can also be arranged several springs in the form of a spring system.
  • connection of the second ends of the supports with the axis of rotation / axis of rotation of the obstacle vehicle can Forces acting in the supports are reduced by the suspension and are derived directly via this connection via the wheel hub, for example, into the road.
  • the crash object / silhouette / obstacle vehicle thereby has an obstacle vehicle that is not recognizable / affected by the carrier vehicle and / or has a different and thus clearly reversible driving behavior. Therefore, a spring damper combination using a damping element is particularly preferred.
  • the spring forces can be positive, negative or 0, depending on whether the vehicle is to be relieved, loaded or unloaded by the structure of the crash-matic system.
  • the forces of the left and right strut are preferably equal in the resting state.
  • a e.g. wegklappbares obstacle vehicle is attached to a cross arm of the connecting element, thereby damping the rotation (-s energie) of the cross arm by torques occurring due to acting / occurring forces on the cross arm in the direction +/- Z when folding a silhouette of an obstacle vehicle, or Braking the folding silhouette of an obstacle vehicle causes.
  • this stabilizing device comprises a connecting element
  • the connecting element is part of a preferably ground-parallel frame construction
  • form the supports and this frame construction collectively a receiving device.
  • This receiving device can preferably be designed so that vehicles of different types can be connected in the manner according to the invention with the device according to the invention.
  • a stabilizer device equipped in this way causes the vehicle body of the carrier vehicle to remain unaffected or serves to divert forces that occur at the transverse arm. This applies to forces acting on the obstacle vehicle towards the host vehicle as well as for forces in the opposite direction.
  • this frame construction between the stabilizer and the cross member can be arranged.
  • a basic frame can additionally be interposed.
  • Such a basic frame comprising e.g. pluggable wheels, e.g. rolled by a trailer and is transmitted via a e.g. lowered carrier vehicle and, for. mounted on the carrier vehicle as follows:
  • the base frame is mounted to the mounting brackets firmly mounted on the carrier vehicle
  • the carrier vehicle is brought into the driving position by means of a height-adjustable suspension and
  • a stiffener may be installed in the frame to transport the base frame on the trailer
  • constraints of such a framework may be, but are not limited to:
  • the basic structure is made of aluminum and is mounted on the outside of the SUV.
  • the base frame is attached to the roof rails
  • the second ends of these supports at the respective end of Rotary axis of at least one of the vehicle axles are arranged on the hub, it is possible to use already existing on the motor vehicle fastening devices of the vehicle.
  • An alternative attachment could also be done via an attachment on the rims.
  • this mounting main bearing e.g. to attach this mounting main bearing this be mounted on a turntable and this in turn by means of a structure on the back of a pick-up.
  • the position of the transverse arm and thus the position of the mounted on the transverse arm silhouette of an obstacle vehicle can be arranged by: a) a rail carriage system, which allows the displacement of the boom system in the direction +/- X, and / or by b) a turntable, with which the cross boom (here actually only cantilever, since it can also be diagonal to the vehicle) can be rotated (and fixed) by Z.
  • the function of the stabilization according to the invention ie always a horizontal position in all driving maneuvers too This ensures that a balancing weight forms a unit with the boom and is rotated accordingly.
  • the silhouette can also be fastened to the carrier vehicle with the aid of a transverse arm (eg pivotable).
  • this stabilizer is positively connected to the cross member, a particularly efficient dissipation of forces is possible, but still remains the flexibility for adjustment movements.
  • connection partner prevents the movement of the other.
  • blockages occur in at least one direction. Form closure in the plane in all directions is made by mating and is again solvable.
  • the form-fit is closed by way of e.g. Cross member movement of the silhouette in the direction of movement of the carrier vehicle but does not allow the carrier vehicle can waver, so that the mounting main bearing allows movement about the vehicle longitudinal axis with a defined moment.
  • the respective spring force is selected so that the stabilizer holds the obstacle vehicle while cornering and / or during positive or negative accelerations ground parallel, it is achieved that when the vehicle staggers and nods, but the frame construction here still held parallel to the ground. As a result, the cross member is then kept stable and thereby ultimately the obstacle vehicle is kept stable, even when cornering.
  • the respective spring force is adjustable in this stabilizing device, it is possible to level the carrier vehicle.
  • the spring force via e.g. Spring plate or over the length of strut rods, this can be practically implemented.
  • Particularly preferred here is an adjustability of the length of the struts. This is particularly advantageous for vehicles without leveling.
  • Stabilizing device is designed such that when a roll of the vehicle, the ground parallel
  • Frame construction and / or the transverse arm with the sprung supports and with the associated axis of the vehicle of an abstracted square shape distorted to an abstract rhombic shape is a particularly smooth ride of the carrier vehicle especially when cornering and thus causes a high reversibility when cornering
  • Vorzugsswiese also has the transverse boom on a truss structure.
  • a Crashmatiksystem comprising a transverse arm, as well as a arranged on the cross boom stabilizer causes with the help of such a constructed Crashmat iksystems also crashes can be tested in which the obstacle vehicles have high speeds and / or cornering.
  • the transverse boom is supported by a carrier vehicle in the manner described.
  • ACC systems can be reversibly tested in this way because of the possible particularly reversible measurements (even in extreme driving situations, such as, for example, tottering carrier vehicles).
  • the obstacle vehicles due to the inventively compensated roll of the host vehicle, have the wheels on the ground and retain and / or not flutter, which is one of the basic conditions for receiving reliable and exploitable data from the sensors of ACC systems to detect obstacle vehicles as such.
  • a Crashmatiksystem comprising a support arm arranged on the cross arm and attached to the support arm vehicle silhouette causes with the help of such a constructed Crashmatiksystems crashes due to the silhouette reversible and without risk of damage to vehicles or without the risk of injury to one of the drivers can be performed.
  • Silhouette and trigger signal can fulfill the following conditions:
  • the basic framework of the Crashob ekt is a self-supporting, multi-chamber airframe
  • the outer shell consists of a cover, on which a vehicle is depicted
  • the impact area (bumper) is manufactured as an exchangeable mounting part
  • the wheels are e.g. simulated with ground PE elements
  • the release signal is activated by means of a contact strip on the
  • the crash object By releasing the lock, the crash object can be returned to its original position. In the starting position, the crash object is held in position with a locking device.
  • a Crashmatiksystem in which this stabilizer is connected to a folding mechanism for folding away the silhouette of an obstacle vehicle and wherein when folding the silhouette, or when braking the einklappenden silhouette damping the rotational energy of the transverse arm takes place, causes a reduction of the main bearing axis through the occurring torques due to acting / occurring forces on the cross arm in the direction of +/- Z.
  • Such a Crashmatiksystem which includes a device and sensors for receiving and forwarding data, is suitable to record data acting on the Crashmatiksystem and in particular to record data, which are determined by the point of no return (must).
  • the data includes the speeds of the vehicles and silhouettes involved, forces and moments acting in the crash-matic system, radar data and data from the measuring instruments used in such tests.
  • the obstacle vehicle may still be removed (e.g., automatically folded away) for a limited time.
  • the stabilizer according to the invention is suitable for eliminating this deficiency, since it enables reversible tests in all safety-relevant collision scenarios (for example, inclined ramps, trips with two moving vehicles, collisions at over 50KmH, etc.) by stabilizing the vehicle.
  • safety-relevant collision scenarios for example, inclined ramps, trips with two moving vehicles, collisions at over 50KmH, etc.
  • a silhouette usable once
  • the use of such silhouettes is particularly preferred at impact speeds of about 50KmH.
  • the use of such reusable silhouettes is particularly preferred at impact speeds of up to about 70KmH.
  • these silhouettes are preferably attached to the cross member, which is stabilized in the inventive manner by the stabilizer.
  • Such a silhouette which is connected to the stabilizing device according to the invention, comprises a framework of at least three flexible chambers which can be filled with a fluid, the chambers consisting of a flexible fluid-tight material and each of the chambers is in contact with a respective other chamber at least two locations per chamber
  • structural bandage is understood to mean a bandage of elements which can be loaded statically in the filled state and which in this state are capable of absorbing and / or transmitting forces.
  • These forces can be compressive forces, bending forces, shear forces, moments, etc.
  • the structure is thereby statically resilient in the filled final state, because the elements are filled with a fluid and it is thus able to absorb forces and direct forces.
  • Such tubes may have any geometric shape. They can be round, elliptical, rectangular, etc. in diameter, for example.
  • the diameters may be, for example, 2-2, 5cm per tube.
  • At least one chamber can also be subdivided internally into sub-chambers, wherein the sub-chambers communicate with one another, for example via valves.
  • short-term load situations could also be a kind of throttle, for example in the form of a small hole in the direction of the outer environment of the chamber sufficient to reduce short-term load peaks, as in a according to short load time (eg short-term peak loads) so the air can escape in a controlled manner. In this case, the leaked fluid is no longer available to the structural association.
  • a kind of throttle for example in the form of a small hole in the direction of the outer environment of the chamber sufficient to reduce short-term load peaks, as in a according to short load time (eg short-term peak loads) so the air can escape in a controlled manner. In this case, the leaked fluid is no longer available to the structural association.
  • the chambers may assume a defined outer shape and / or a defined volume.
  • the chambers may take on a variable outer shape and / or assume a variable outer volume.
  • the flexible material is resistant to the escape of fluids, provided that a dense material is desired. Provided, that is, that no controlled escape of fluids is desired, which is assumed in the intended use as a structural association in the vast majority of cases.
  • the materials to be used may also be transparent materials, such as airtight materials.
  • the chambers are tubes, they form a bandage of fluid-filled tubes.
  • the tubes can have any outer shape, but should be longer than their diameter.
  • each tube can also have a different diameter.
  • they may be designed rod-shaped, bent, angled or closed in a ring shape.
  • the axes of the individual chambers are parallel.
  • Non-parallel axes may under certain circumstances Provide benefits, for example, to direct forces defined in one direction.
  • each chamber in at least two locations per chamber in contact with the other chamber, the sum of the chambers form a chamber dressing.
  • the chambers can either touch only, or cohesively, non-positively, or form-fitting contact with each other.
  • such a structural framework may consist of three fluid-filled chambers, each chamber being made of a fluid-tight material and each of the chambers contacting the other chamber thereby forming a chamber structure.
  • These mutually independent chambers form a structural framework according to the invention when they collectively receive and direct a force acting on them. For this they may be replaced by external means, e.g. by holding means (e.g., bandage). The case that they are held together with a holding means, is then referred to as "Kammernverbund".
  • the chambers which can be tubes or hoses, have no preferential direction (eg due to their shape of the chamber) during filling, but the filling has a similar effect in all of them directions.
  • each of the tubes has the function of directing a force.
  • An attached to an existing structural association additional chamber according to the invention only as part of the Structural Association, when it is not only in contact with the other chambers, but also directs a part of the total attacking forces.
  • Such a chamber association of tubes appears to be particularly suitable for forces which bear against the ends of the chambers and in particular should be forwarded in the axial direction.
  • such a framework of chambers / tubes can also be used e.g. in one embodiment to act as a beam to be loaded in the middle and thus subjected to bending.
  • Such structural federations can thus be loaded on pressure and / or thrust, and / or bending and / or torsion, ie on forces and moments.
  • the structure is permanently / constantly filled with a fluid and thus permanently stiffened, and not just situational.
  • This stiffening is also achieved by the fact that according to the invention more than two tubes are used.
  • the result is a permanently dimensionally stable, reusable and by the pressure prevailing in it after deformation automatically reversible structure.
  • This structure is erfindungseffleß just not only causes short-term (eg by rapid inflation) and it is with it not only equipped for short-term energy absorption and not designed for a single use.
  • the structural framework according to the invention is oriented in particular to permanent force transmission / torque transmission.
  • Such a support structure can be used interdisciplinary whenever permanent stable structures with low mass and narrow space, which may not always be definable, are needed.
  • a "fluid” is understood to mean a liquid and / or a gas.
  • Fluids can also be supplemented / enriched with solids.
  • a fluid may crystallize out over time or, in addition to the fluid, a solid, e.g. in small form (e.g., styrofoam balls).
  • Fluid and solid may also interact with each other, e.g. to build up an additional pressure, or to maintain an existing pressure.
  • Such solids can also fulfill the function of sealing leaks in the chambers.
  • a pressure which is greater than the ambient pressure of the chambers prevails in a filled state, a pressure which is greater than the ambient pressure of the chambers.
  • the pressure from chamber to chamber may also be different. This may have the purpose that the daily work group can be precisely adjusted to known load situations in this way.
  • the pressure prevailing in the silhouette can also be monitored and, if necessary, provided with a possibility of providing a response to the outside via the pressure conditions. If the chambers are held together by a holding means, then by definition a pressure prevails in them which is greater than outside Chambers and within the holding means, or which is larger than outside the chambers and outside of the holding means.
  • the chambers for the force / torque to be transmitted through them can be adjusted.
  • the properties of the chambers can also be adjusted by pressure differences between them or by different external shapes or external radii for the force / moment to be transmitted by them.
  • a type of choke e.g. in the form of a small hole from one chamber to another, serve the purpose of relieving short-term load peaks, as in a correspondingly short loading time (e.g., momentary peak loads) the air can controllably escape into another chamber. In this case, the fluid thus released is still available to the structural association.
  • a kind of throttle for example in the form of a small hole from a chamber to the environment (in particular to outside of a holding means used) sufficient to achieve a comparable effect, in In this case, then the so-escaped fluid is no longer available to the association.
  • Load peaks that cause such a high pressure point that they could destroy a chamber can be specifically dismantled.
  • the chambers Preferably, however, the chambers have no fluid exchange among each other (apart from exceptions, supra).
  • Structural association is especially always considered when low masses with high load capacity and low volume are desired.
  • Such structural federations are also suitable for use in areas such. (not limiting) in aircraft, e.g. at the wings of a
  • the structural assembly also has a non-positive connection in at least one of the contacts of the chambers, forces, e.g. in the case of tubes, not just in e.g.
  • forces are transmitted between the individual chambers, whereby a chamber is relieved of excessive load peaks. This is particularly the case when no fluid exchange between the chambers is possible.
  • this connection is dependent on the material to be joined and depending on the material, the chambers can also be connected to each other by gluing, sewing etc.
  • these non-positive connections are formed by a substance seal, e.g. provided by a weld.
  • each chamber in which in such a structural association also each chamber is connected to each adjacent chamber, a particularly stable framework structure is formed.
  • Such a framework may, for example, consist of a central tubular chamber which is covered by a plurality of e.g. may consist of similar tubular chambers.
  • the diameter of the central chamber is in this case preferably dimensioned so that it communicates with each of the outer chambers.
  • the central chamber may have any geometric shape.
  • the central tubular chamber would have five contacts and each of the tubular chambers surrounding it would have three contacts.
  • the stability of the structural association is further increased by the pressure in the chambers, which may be different from chamber to chamber kept constant becomes.
  • the stability of the structural bandage is further increased.
  • tear-resistant flexible materials are suitable as the shell material, such as, for example, fabrics, flexible composite materials, etc.
  • a Kammernverbund differs by a Kammern notion in that in a Kammernverbund the distribution of the forces to be transmitted is distributed by the forces caused by the sheath material forces evenly.
  • Such a composite chamber is therefore characterized in particular by the fact that not only forces, e.g. in the axial direction of e.g. Chamber tubes are forwarded, but in that additional forces are applied by the shell material in the direction of the center of the overall composite, whereby the chambers are pressed together.
  • the wrapping material can be stretchable or not. If it is stretchable, so can be set by the expansion, the force of the shell material to the chambers more flexible and Forces in the chambers can be broken down more easily in the event of punctual overload, which helps prevent damage.
  • the shell material in this case acts as a second chamber.
  • the fluid from that second chamber would be prevented from escaping into the environment.
  • an absorption device is mounted between the first chamber and the shell material, escaped fluid could be absorbed in a controlled manner.
  • the shell material causes an additional stabilizing force and an additional compression due to these two Radiendifferezen. With the difference in radius is given a parameter with which the mutual tension between the shell material and the chambers located therein can be determined.
  • a second parameter is thus given with this radius difference, with the help of which the load of this composite is definable.
  • the pressure within at least one of the chambers is higher, as in the area between this chamber the shell material, is caused by these pressure differences an additional tension of the chambers with each other and with the shell material.
  • the preferred working range is defined.
  • one skilled in the art will also contemplate increasing or decreasing pressures in situ. For example, if during transport into the deep sea or in the universe, the ambient pressure
  • Preferred gases are not only air but also gases with a weight which is lighter than air, whereby the weight of the overall construction can be further reduced.
  • fluids which are heavier than air are also conceivable, in order to increase the mass at defined points of the obstacle vehicle (for example the wheel area), for example due to fluttering reduce / avoid or ensure contact of a simulated wheel with the road.
  • the physical properties of this chamber are caused to be defined more precisely.
  • a chamber with small balls e.g. Styrofoam balls to fill.
  • a chamber designed in this way is more insensitive to shock without significantly increasing its weight.
  • the flexible fluid-tight material of such a structural association is also an airtight fabric material causes the chambers are easier to fill because of their flexibility and causes not only simply designed spaces can be filled with the help of such a material, but also Complex designed rooms with eg Irregularities.
  • the chambers are flexible and fluid-tight, such as. technical substances.
  • the chambers may therefore be made of a material, such as an air mattress material with little stretch.
  • Preferred fabrics are found in the material groups of the airbag fabrics as well as those of the composites, such as e.g. Nylon composites that have the added benefit of weldability.
  • the use of films is conceivable.
  • such a structural association also comprises at least one filling device for at least one of the chambers.
  • the chambers can be filled quickly and effectively.
  • situational pressure changes can occur be adjusted immediately, for example, to quickly adapt the association to changing conditions.
  • the pressure can be reduced situativ to the original pressure, for example as a result of strong sunlight on the chamber and consequent pressure increase to keep the pressure constant in this way.
  • the pressure can also be selectively changed in this way in order to set a new physical state by the changed pressure.
  • the filling device maintains the pressure in each of the chambers in the defined state. This means that the pressure can be variable, purposefully controlled, or constant.
  • This is e.g. ensures that possible leaks or diffusions have no effect on the dressing and its ability to transmit forces.
  • Vehicle Silhouette provides such a silhouette on two functional groups. Once the functional group of the structure and second, the functional group of the outer shape.
  • such a composite / dressing forms the torso / skeleton / framework / frame of a three-dimensional body to be formed, for example representing a vehicle.
  • a body constructed in this way has a hardness / stability that can be defined by the pressures of the composite / dressing, and thus the possibility of attaching further attachments to this structure so as to bring about a desired three-dimensional shape.
  • the structure can be designed to have sufficient stability to support the overall construct.
  • the outer contour may then in turn be connected to the structure, but have other properties, e.g. the exterior shape of a car, the reflection characteristics of a real car for e.g. Radar beams.
  • such a vehicle silhouette comprises a structural bandage, which in the filled state simulates at least parts of the outer contour of a vehicle.
  • Vehicles can here be both motor vehicles and aircraft as well as vehicles to water.
  • structural association / structural composite connected to other fillable areas.
  • Starting from the structural composite can be constructed by attaching further fillable areas of this composite and by filling them with a fluid, a three-dimensional silhouette whose outer shape is arbitrarily shapeable by these additional chambers to be attached.
  • Such a framework of e.g. High pressure hoses e.g., filled with about 1.5 to about 4 bar
  • low pressure regions e.g.
  • the structure / three-dimensional shape of a vehicle builds around the 0.5 bar.
  • Such a construction is characterized by good damping, good aerodynamics and a stable shape.
  • the pressure of the fluid within these additional regions is less than the pressure in one of the chambers.
  • One of the fillable areas can, when filled, simulate at least parts of the outer contour of a motor vehicle.
  • Such simulated motor vehicles can be put on the road in real, so that there is no gap between the wheels of the simulated vehicle and the road, whereby the sensors of an ACC system can also safely recognize this obstacle as a motor vehicle.
  • the area filled with low pressure and air of the Soßfssenerraums be tuned to various collision scenarios.
  • this area can also be provided with a light, stable Foam are filled, which prevents such a burst and at the same time prevents the collision vehicle is damaged.
  • the zones of the vehicle and their rigidity can be tuned to the speed of the collision vehicle, which has significant advantages over a simple, single, gas-only volume.
  • the collision mass of the obstacle vehicle is significantly reduced in the manner according to the invention in order to cause no damage to the collision vehicle by the collision impulse.
  • an obstacle vehicle can be built so close to reality that the sensors of a colliding vehicle this
  • the outer shape of a superclass vehicle can be constructed so deceptively real in this way that the sensors of an ACC system of a vehicle on a collision course interpret this shape as a real vehicle.
  • the approach and the behavior of the sensors can be further measured even after the "point of no return” has been exceeded, which is particularly important since, for example, the restraint systems are activated from this point. as well as the effect of restraint systems in the tests.
  • an ACC system comprising a driver on a collision course in an obstacle vehicle can now also be checked after passing through the point of no return and also for situations in which drivers can be deprived of intervention possibilities on his vehicle and decisions of the safety electronics in his place set of the vehicle, such as an automatic initiation of full braking after passing the point of no return.
  • such a constructed silhouette is insensitive to collisions and can therefore be used for real collisions as an obstacle vehicle without the collision vehicle or its driver would damage this, since an inventively constructed obstacle vehicle in the size of a luxury sedan weighs less than 15 kg.
  • such a silhouette can be used multiple times. Recent experience has shown that such a silhouette is still operational after 300 actual collisions at different, even high speeds.
  • a silhouette in a further embodiment in which such a silhouette is part of a crashmatics system comprising a vehicle silhouette directly or indirectly attached to a boom, such a silhouette can also be moved and the behavior of the sensors can be tested realistically at relative speeds.
  • a Crashmatiksystem comprising such a boom stabilization system also allows the simulation of collisions when cornering, since in the inventive manner, the silhouette can now be performed while cornering in "quasi" constant distance to the ground and thus only the detection of the obstacle vehicle by the vehicle sensors, such as the video sensors is certainly possible.
  • crash-matic system can therefore, with regard to the uninterrupted recognition, be used to test the ACC system, in particular also when cornering, by e.g. Radar, video, lidar, etc., or combinations thereof.
  • the reliability of the replacement of driver reactions by vehicle systems can also be checked and, in particular, adjusted in the manner according to the invention.
  • this system also distinguishes that it is also possible to check the behavior in the event of cornering collisions, i.
  • the Crashmatiksystem is moved, for example, on a flat circular path and the following test vehicle travels with the sensors arranged therein this curve and there is a controlled collision during cornering.
  • a Crashmatikmaschine comprising at least one test vehicle equipped with ACC systems, as well as at least the one, in particular three-dimensional silhouette of an obstacle vehicle, in particular this silhouette can be part of a previously described Crashmatiksystems and wherein the test vehicle is on a collision course with that of the silhouette and the ACC system continues to record its ACC data even after passing through the "point of no return" without interruption until collision and / or beyond.
  • a method comprising a motor vehicle, wherein the motor vehicle an ACC system, and wherein the ACC system has sensors for detecting the surroundings of this vehicle and with the aid of the sensors is able to recognize other vehicles, wherein among the other vehicles are also obstacle vehicles, to which the vehicle is on a collision course and wherein the data collected by the sensors is adapted to enrich or completely replace driver inputs with inputs based on the sensed sensor data by not accumulating safety-relevant driver inputs by input based on the sensed sensor data in a first step before passing the point of no return replace completely, but after passing the point of no return, enrich or replace driver inputs with inputs based on the recorded sensor data.
  • This vehicle may also be part of a crashmatics system in any of the previously described embodiments.
  • driver input inputs that cause the collision energy to be reduced prior to an accident
  • driver inputs are understood to be “driver inputs”.
  • Driver inputs are furthermore understood to be inputs which cause at least one of the occupants of the collision-prone vehicle to be protected from injury.
  • These include, for example, the on-board “restraint systems”, e.g. Airbags, restraint systems, the retraction of the steering wheel, etc.
  • a test device for ACC systems is provided for the period even after passing through the point of no return.
  • precrash systems are systems that have the function of removing energy from the vehicle before a major accident. This happens, for example, by an autonomous on the basis of the data of the ACC system initiated by the electronics full braking.
  • Such data generated with the aid of the invention can also be used for training purposes for the first time since they provide reliable information about the behavior of a vehicle according to the point of no return.
  • the silhouette remains stationary until the actual collision or is moved. However, it is not cleared by a special intervention before the collision out of the way to let the colliding vehicle pass.
  • these data recorded by the ACC system are also forwarded to the vehicle electrics / electronics after the point of no return. In previous ones
  • Collision dimming had to be stopped before passing the point of no return because a collision had to be avoided (injury to the driver, destruction of the vehicles).
  • the measurement was e.g. stopped by the obstacle vehicle had to be folded away. This was so far in particular
  • a Crashmatiksystem comprising a fixed to a support arm vehicle silhouette, via the support arm, the described filling device can supply the chambers with pressure / fluid and wherein the filling device the chambers, the spaces between the chambers and the shell material and the Areas supplies the fluid under the respective defined pressure and / or holds the supplied pressure.
  • Fig. 1 The composite of several jacketed tubes in
  • Fig. 3 the sketched composite of several jacketed tubes in plan view
  • Fig. 4a and b attached to a pivot bearing air chambers with different pressures; (Rear section of a motor vehicle, shown as a silhouette, as well as their attachment to a towing vehicle)
  • Fig. 5a is a rear plan view of a three-dimensional
  • Fig. 6 shows a destructible silhouette which collapses into many small (light) parts upon collision, a pivot mechanism for attaching and swinging away silhouettes according to the invention
  • Fig. 7 rear view of a Crashmatiksystem with carrier vehicle right and silhouette left for attaching and moving a three-dimensional vehicle silhouette.
  • Fig. 8 shows a constructed from the existing structural association front airbag.
  • Fig. 9 shows a table leg, which is designed from a supporting structure according to the invention or structural framework.
  • Fig. 1 shows the cross-section of a structural framework comprising 2 bar pressure applied tubes and a tube diameter of 20mm.
  • Fig. Lb shows an insert of such tubes for supplying a silhouette attached to a support arm.
  • the associated force path diagram shows Fig. 2 with a max. Load capacity of 500N, wherein also a load of 900N has been tested and a qualitatively identical to this curve of FIG. 2 curve shows.
  • Fig. 2 shows only a section of the associated force-displacement curve.
  • Fig. 1 also shows as a technical explanation that the high strength is produced by the combination of several, under pressure (in the present case 2 - 5 bar) standing tubes. The walls of the individual tubes are firmly connected at the contact points.
  • the spaces around the tubes are at atmospheric pressure. This difference in pressure between tubes filled with pressure and spaces under ambient pressure makes the effect of every single tube come to fruition.
  • This tube package is preferably wrapped with a fabric skin.
  • the contact points of the tubes and the sheath are preferably also firmly connected to each other.
  • Each tube is preferably supplied with compressed air via its own valve.
  • the diameter of a tube in this case is around 20mm.
  • the tube cross-section is preferably circular under pressure.
  • Fig. 4 Shows attached to a pivot bearing air chambers with different pressures.
  • the pictorial representation of the Fzg. Tail can be made by color order or by additional slides.
  • Additional damping chambers may also be arranged on the structure of a vehicle constructed in accordance with the invention, wherein these additional damping chambers may in this case have three functions, namely firstly simulating the outer shape of a vehicle, for example, and second, to form an impact space on which the colliding vehicles then collide, and thirdly to reduce the weight of the obstacle vehicle to a minimum.
  • At least one cavity may also be present within such a vehicle simulation. This can have a defined opening in order to deliberately reduce overpressure after a collision. Therefore, the silhouette need not be completely closed, but rather may have openings or entire areas (e.g., underbody / roof) open at defined locations.
  • individual elements of the silhouette can also consist of destructible material.
  • destructible elements eg a styrofoam vehicle contour
  • the reason for this is that at impact speeds above about 60 Km / h, the pulses are so high that the occupants of the colliding vehicle could be endangered.
  • These pulses can be reduced by replacing chambers with light, destructible material, such as contours Reproduce vehicle.
  • these contours formed from destructible material can still be attached to a frame (for example, positively, such as hooked), which at least partially consists of a supporting structure according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 a shows a rear plan view of a three-dimensional silhouette
  • FIG. 5 b shows a view from the top rear left above a section through the same.
  • a silhouette shown in FIG. 5 for example made of highly tear-resistant, flexible materials (eg airbag fabric).
  • the control of the different chamber pressures takes place via hoses and valves and the compressed air supply takes place via a compressor, for example.
  • gases air
  • foam in question.
  • the original resembles the thus constructed silhouette in the aerodynamic design and corresponds to this largely by the use of multiple chambers with different pressures.
  • low-pressure areas are used for the elasticity of the silhouette
  • high-pressure areas are used to stabilize the shape of the silhouette.
  • a damping chamber with atmospheric pressure is used to cushion the shock.
  • the pressures are in particular in the range of 0 to 5 bar.
  • Fig. 6 shows a pivoting mechanism for attaching and swinging away silhouettes of the invention for single use, ie for a scenario in which the recycling of the obstacle is not in the foreground.
  • these can also be at least partially two-dimensional, but the chambers according to the invention comprise.
  • the total mass of such a 2-D silhouette is 5.5 kg (up to 2.6 m in height) and the air resistance is 90 km / h: about 800N.
  • the material used is water resistant, directly printable, statically very stable, as well as fragile on impact (peak load).
  • the vertical support here is the central component for a stable guidance of the silhouette and the maintenance of the silhouette in the collision.
  • Fig. 7 shows a crashmat system for attaching and moving such a three-dimensional vehicle silhouette.
  • Fig. 8 shows a constructed from the existing structural association front airbag.
  • This front airbag includes a Variety of parallel interconnected in the manner of the invention chambers. These chambers are located in another shell, which here serves the privacy.
  • Fig. 9 shows a table leg, which is designed from a supporting structure according to the invention or structural framework and alone carries a marble table top.
  • the collision vehicle comprises a radar sensor 1203, a data processing radar 1204, a lidar 1205, a data preparation Lidar 1206, a video camera 1207, a data processing of video camera 1208, a central data processing unit 1209, a
  • Brake control unit and hydraulic unit 1210 a wheel brake 1211, as well as other data inputs of other components 1212.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un treillis de structure porteuse comportant au moins trois chambres flexibles pouvant être remplies d'un fluide, les chambres étant composées d'un matériau flexible étanche aux fluides et chaque chambre se trouvant en contact avec une autre chambre respective sur au moins deux points par chambre pour obtenir une stabilité durable maximale du treillis.
PCT/EP2010/069554 2009-12-14 2010-12-14 Dispositif de contrôle et système de contrôle pour des systèmes de régulateur de vitesse intelligent WO2011082979A2 (fr)

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DE202009016906.5 2009-12-14
DE202009016906 2009-12-14
DE202009017527 2009-12-24
DE202009017527.8 2009-12-24
DE202010001927.3 2010-02-05
DE202010001925.7 2010-02-05
DE202010001927 2010-02-05
DE202010001925 2010-02-05
DE202010007156.9 2010-05-22
DE202010007156 2010-05-22
DE202010016206.8 2010-12-03
DE202010016206U DE202010016206U1 (de) 2009-12-14 2010-12-03 Prüfvorrichtung
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CN113702067A (zh) * 2021-08-31 2021-11-26 中汽院(重庆)汽车检测有限公司 商用车的自适应巡航系统评价系统及评价方法
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DE102016112518A1 (de) * 2016-07-07 2018-01-11 4Activesystems Gmbh Dummy-Fahrzeug zum Durchführen von Tests für ein Fahrerassistenzsystem
DE102016112518B4 (de) * 2016-07-07 2021-03-11 4Activesystems Gmbh Dummy-Fahrzeug sowie Verfahren zum Durchführen von Tests für ein Fahrerassistenzsystem
US11364866B2 (en) * 2017-04-24 2022-06-21 Blue Danube Robotics Gmbh Detection of a collision of a handling device with an obstacle
CN111677802A (zh) * 2020-05-27 2020-09-18 深圳市乾行达科技有限公司 新型吸能元件
CN113702067A (zh) * 2021-08-31 2021-11-26 中汽院(重庆)汽车检测有限公司 商用车的自适应巡航系统评价系统及评价方法
CN113702067B (zh) * 2021-08-31 2023-06-23 中汽院(重庆)汽车检测有限公司 商用车的自适应巡航系统评价系统及评价方法
CN116952736A (zh) * 2023-09-21 2023-10-27 国能大渡河金川水电建设有限公司 一种地下洞室模拟实验装置及实验方法
CN116952736B (zh) * 2023-09-21 2023-11-28 国能大渡河金川水电建设有限公司 一种地下洞室模拟实验装置及实验方法

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