WO2011069747A1 - Optoelektronisches halbleiterbauteil und photonischer kristall - Google Patents
Optoelektronisches halbleiterbauteil und photonischer kristall Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011069747A1 WO2011069747A1 PCT/EP2010/066647 EP2010066647W WO2011069747A1 WO 2011069747 A1 WO2011069747 A1 WO 2011069747A1 EP 2010066647 W EP2010066647 W EP 2010066647W WO 2011069747 A1 WO2011069747 A1 WO 2011069747A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- photonic crystal
- optoelectronic semiconductor
- semiconductor component
- radiation
- active layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/80—Constructional details
- H10H20/81—Bodies
- H10H20/819—Bodies characterised by their shape, e.g. curved or truncated substrates
- H10H20/82—Roughened surfaces, e.g. at the interface between epitaxial layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/002—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of materials engineered to provide properties not available in nature, e.g. metamaterials
- G02B1/005—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of materials engineered to provide properties not available in nature, e.g. metamaterials made of photonic crystals or photonic band gap materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/80—Constructional details
- H10H20/81—Bodies
- H10H20/819—Bodies characterised by their shape, e.g. curved or truncated substrates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/80—Constructional details
- H10H20/83—Electrodes
- H10H20/831—Electrodes characterised by their shape
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/80—Constructional details
- H10H20/872—Periodic patterns for optical field-shaping, e.g. photonic bandgap structures
Definitions
- An optoelectronic semiconductor component is specified.
- a photonic crystal is given.
- Specified light source that emits directional radiation and that includes a two-dimensional photonic crystal.
- An object to be solved is to provide an optoelectronic semiconductor device that with high efficiency
- this includes a
- the at least one active layer is to
- the photonic crystal is for
- the photonic crystal is a material with a periodic variation of the optical
- Refractive index is carried out on a scale of
- the refractive index variation is made to lengths ranging between one fourth and four times the
- the photonic crystal is spaced from the active layer.
- the active layer is not directly adjacent to the photonic one
- the active layer is also not part of the
- the photonic crystal is by an overlay of at least two gratings with one another different normalized to the peak wavelength
- the photonic crystal has at least two gratings with different lattice constants that are interconnected
- G * 2 ⁇ / A.
- G (2 ⁇ ) / (3 0.5 A).
- this includes at least one
- the Layer to be generated or received radiation from or into the semiconductor layer sequence.
- the radiation has a peak wavelength.
- the photonic crystal is spaced from the active layer and through a
- the high refractive index it can lead to a mode of the
- Radiation can be a photonic crystal at the
- Lattice constants are in particular G ] _ the largest and G2 the smallest of the lattice constants.
- one of the normalized, reciprocal Lattice constants between 1.7 and 2.6, in particular between 1.7 and 1.9 or
- Semiconductor layer sequence is formed.
- the photonic crystal is then in a layer of
- Semiconductor layer sequence structured, in particular in an outermost layer of the semiconductor layer sequence. Is the photonic crystal by a superposition of at least three lattices with different from each other
- Semiconductor layer sequence of the photonic crystal itself is not to be included, in the case that the photonic crystal is a part of the semiconductor layer sequence.
- the at least two gratings which form the photonic crystal are through holes in a layer, in particular in a layer of the semiconductor layer sequence, shaped.
- Holes in the other grid are omitted.
- the holes have a circular or elliptical plan.
- the holes may have a square or rectangular plan, in particular with rounded corners.
- the photonic crystal can then be replaced by a single superlattice with a single superlattice constant
- the holes of the two gratings each have the same depths in the context of the manufacturing tolerances.
- the individual depths of the holes of the two lattices deviate by at most 25% or at most 10 ⁇ 6 from a mean depth, averaged over the holes of both
- the photonic crystal is formed by a superposition of the at least two gratings.
- Superposition means in particular that the photonic crystal can not be described by a single superlattice is, in which at all grid points of the superlattice holes with different radii greater than zero are formed.
- an overall depth of the recesses preferably results from a sum of depths which the individual gratings would have, if they were not superpositioned.
- a photonic crystal formed from a superposition of two gratings with holes of different radii and having a superlattice in which all lattice sites are occupied with holes is not transparent
- Superposition of two lattice formed photonic crystal is, in the present context. Likewise, it is possible that superposition means that the superposition of the gratings can be done independently of each other, so that the exact positioning of the one grating
- Alignment of the other grid can be.
- the tolerance is preferably at most 10%, in particular at most 5%.
- the analysis can in particular include which spectral components are emitted into which solid angles.
- the at least one active layer is for producing an ultraviolet, visible and / or
- the solid angle range is therefore for
- the coupling out of the radiation from the semiconductor layer sequence takes place through the photonic
- the semiconductor component emits a radiation component that is at least 10 percentage points or at least 20 percentage points higher in one
- Opening angle of 50 ° or 30 ° is formed as a so-called Lambert 'em radiator.
- Semiconductor component is thus in particular directed as in a Lambert 'see emitter.
- the radii of the optionally present holes of the grating of the photonic crystal are additionally or alternatively also adapted.
- the photonic crystal (4) is based on or consists of one or more of the following materials: Al n Ga m I n n _ m N, Al n Ga m I n n _ m P, As n Ga m I m _ n ni P, ZnO, ZnMgO, CdS, ZnCdS, MgBeO, ZnSe, ZnS, ITO, indium tin oxide or short.
- the photonic crystal is a
- trench-shaped recesses preferably along each a straight line, formed. neighboring
- Recesses preferably do not touch.
- a surface of the photonic crystal, seen in a cross section may be similar to one
- Rectangular voltage signal or be formed with rectangular saw teeth.
- every second rectangular sawtooth has an equal width and adjacent sawteeth have different widths from each other.
- the photonic crystal may be a photonic crystal as used in conjunction with one or more of the embodiments of the optoelectronic crystal
- Optoelectronic semiconductor device are therefore also disclosed for the photonic crystal described here and vice versa.
- the photonic crystal adapted for ultraviolet, visible and / or near-infrared radiation.
- the photonic crystal is free from one to radiation generation or one
- FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematic sectional views of FIG.
- Figure 3 is a schematic representation of examples of
- FIGS 4, 5, 7 and 10 are schematic plan views
- FIGS. 6 and 8 are schematic representations of
- Figure 9 is a schematic representation of a method for
- Figure 11 is a schematic representation of an example of a
- Mode distribution of a semiconductor device shows an embodiment of an optoelectronic semiconductor device 1 described here is shown schematically in a sectional view.
- Semiconductor layer sequence 2 has an active layer 3, identified in the figures as a dashed line. Furthermore, the semiconductor layer sequence 2 comprises a photonic crystal 4 which is characterized by a periodic variation of a
- Refractive index in the form of recesses in an outermost layer of the semiconductor layer sequence 2 is designed.
- the recesses do not extend to the at least one active layer 3.
- Crystal 4 divided by a dot line of the other parts of the semiconductor layer sequence 2 purely graphically.
- the photonic crystal 4 is physically part of
- Semiconductor layer sequence 2 and is monolithically shaped with this.
- Metal mirror for example, with or silver, act. It is also possible that the mirror 6 is a combination of a transparent material with a low
- a distance D between the active layer 3 and the mirror 6 is, for example, at least 100 nm and at most 6 ym.
- the distance D is between inclusive 100 nm and 2 ym or between 100 nm and 150 nm inclusive.
- the distance D is preferably an integer
- ⁇ * is a vertex wavelength ⁇ in vacuum divided by a mean refractive index n of the region of
- the distance D is preferably a distance between the mirror 6 and a center of the at least one active layer, in particular in a direction perpendicular to the mirror 6.
- the relationship preferably applies to the distance D: 0, 5 ⁇ / ⁇ ⁇ D ⁇ / ⁇ .
- a distance T between the photonic crystal 4 and the active layer 3 is, for example, at least 150 nm and at most 8 ⁇ m, in particular at least 500 nm and at most 6 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 2 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the invention
- the photonic crystal 4 is at least partially covered by a transparent, electrically conductive layer 7 on a main side 25 of the semiconductor layer sequence 2 facing away from the active layer 3.
- the layer 7 may partially or completely fill recesses of the photonic crystal 4, which are produced in the semiconductor layer sequence 2, as shown in FIG.
- the electrically conductive layer 7 comprises or consists of a transparent conductive oxide, in particular of indium tin oxide, ITO for short.
- An average thickness of the electrically conductive layer 7 is, for example, between 80 nm and 400 nm, in particular 120 nm.
- the distance T between the active layer 3 and the photonic crystal 4 is reducible, resulting in an overall thinner
- Semiconductor layer sequence 2 can be achieved.
- FIGS. 3A and 3B schematically show spectra of a radiation generated by the semiconductor components 1 in accordance with FIGS. 1 and 2, for example.
- the peak wavelengths ⁇ are in each case those wavelengths ⁇ at which a maximum intensity I is present.
- Figure 3A is the
- FIG. 4 shows various plan views of examples of the photonic crystals 4.
- the illustrated photonic crystals 4 can in particular in a
- the photonic crystal 4 according to FIG. 4A is a
- one-dimensional photonic crystal that is, one
- the photonic crystal 4 is formed by a superposition of a first grid 41 and a second grid 42.
- a real lattice constant A2 of the second lattice 42 is half of a real one
- the superlattice has a
- the lattice constants of the two superimposed lattices forming the photonic crystal 4 differ by a factor of 2.
- the photonic crystal 4 has a
- the photonic crystal likewise has a hexagonal basic structure.
- the lattice constants of the lattice forming the photonic crystal 4 differ by a factor of root from 3 ⁇ 1.73.
- FIG. 5C further shows an electron micrograph of the photonic crystal 4.
- the semiconductor device 1 has a gallium arsenide based
- FIG. 5B shows a ratio of radiation intensities II and 12 of the radiation intensities coupled out from the gratings forming the photonic crystal 4 as a function of the radius r 1 of the holes 51 of the first grating.
- the radius r2 of the smaller holes is in this case 0.21 times the lattice constant A, compare FIG. 5A.
- the proportion of the radii rl increases
- the ratio II to 12 is thus adjustable by a suitable choice of the radii rl, r2 of the holes 51, 52 of the grid.
- FIG. 6 far fields of an emitted radiation are plotted as a function of an emission angle ⁇ and as a function of the wavelength ⁇ .
- this is Far field of a component shown in which the photonic crystal is formed only by a hexagonal lattice, for example, only through the grid with the smaller holes 52 as shown in FIG 5A.
- the far field for the semiconductor device 1 with the photonic crystal 4 according to FIG. 5C is shown in FIG. 6B.
- Bright areas in FIG. 6 are areas into which radiation is emitted from the component or the semiconductor device 1.
- FIG. 7A schematically illustrates a photonic crystal 4, which is formed by a superposition of the gratings 41, 42. For example, a total depth of
- FIG. 7C further shows a two-dimensional Fourier transformation of an upper side of the photonic crystal 4 according to FIG. 7B.
- the Fourier amplitudes for a strongest band of the grating 41 and for a strongest band of the grating 42 are the same, with a tolerance of at most 25% or at most 10%.
- the strongest bands of the grids 41, 42 in the representation according to FIG. 7C are approximately equally intense. It can be read from the Fourier transformation that the intensities of the emitted radiation which go back to the two superposed gratings are comparably large.
- FIG. 8A the far-field optical field is indicated for a component in which a modification of a photonic
- FIG. 8B shows the far field for the photonic crystal 4 according to FIG. 7B.
- the underlying semiconductor device 1 is based on
- the semiconductor layer sequence has a total thickness (D + T) of approximately 5 ⁇ m to 6 ⁇ m.
- Peak wavelength ⁇ ⁇ is approximately 450 nm.
- the one normalized reciprocal lattice constant of the hexagonal lattice is 2.3.
- the normalized, reciprocal lattice constants of the two are
- an intensity of the radiation emitted by the semiconductor component 1 is increased by several percent according to FIG. 6B or FIG. 8B.
- the emission of the radiation takes place in each case concentrated in a comparatively small solid angle range.
- Optoelectronic semiconductor device 1 illustrated By way of example, a semiconductor component 1 according to FIG. 7B can be produced using the method.
- the grating 42 is transferred by means of a lithographic process by means of an exposure to a photoresist 9, which is applied to the semiconductor layer sequence 2 with the active layer 3.
- Electron radiation take place. This results exposed or electron-irradiated areas 90 of the photoresist. 9
- the further grid 41 is likewise transferred to the photoresist 9, so that a more complex pattern of the exposed or irradiated areas 90 is produced.
- the dose of exposure or irradiation is preferably chosen so that the photoresist 9 through the
- FIG. 9C shows the geometry of the photoresist 9, after which the exposed or irradiated regions 90
- a photonic crystal 4 formed by superposition of two gratings can also be produced, for example, by a so-called nanoimprint process.
- a correspondingly shaped stamp is pressed onto the photoresist 9, followed by etching, so that the structure of the stamp with the aid of the photoresist on the
- Semiconductor layer sequence 2 is transferable.
- FIG. 10 shows a plan view of the photonic crystal 4 according to FIG. 7B.
- the photonic crystal 4 is in this case with a transparent, electrically conductive
- Lattice constants in particular in the case of a photonic crystal 4, which is formed by a superposition of two grids, adaptable. Has the mode distribution multiple
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/514,395 US8963120B2 (en) | 2009-12-10 | 2010-11-02 | Optoelectronic semiconductor component and photonic crystal |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009057780A DE102009057780A1 (de) | 2009-12-10 | 2009-12-10 | Optoelektronisches Halbleiterbauteil und photonischer Kristall |
| DE102009057780.7 | 2009-12-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2011069747A1 true WO2011069747A1 (de) | 2011-06-16 |
Family
ID=43382427
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2010/066647 Ceased WO2011069747A1 (de) | 2009-12-10 | 2010-11-02 | Optoelektronisches halbleiterbauteil und photonischer kristall |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8963120B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20120118005A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102009057780A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2011069747A1 (de) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013157567A (ja) * | 2012-01-31 | 2013-08-15 | Kyoto Univ | 太陽電池 |
| WO2020229576A3 (de) * | 2019-05-14 | 2021-01-07 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Beleuchtungseinheit, verfahren zur herstellung einer beleuchtungseinheit, konverterelement für ein opto-elektronisches bauelement, strahlungsquelle mit einer led und einem konverterelement, auskoppelstruktur, und optoelektronische vorrichtung |
| US11156759B2 (en) | 2019-01-29 | 2021-10-26 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | μ-LED, μ-LED device, display and method for the same |
| US11271143B2 (en) | 2019-01-29 | 2022-03-08 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | μ-LED, μ-LED device, display and method for the same |
| US11302248B2 (en) | 2019-01-29 | 2022-04-12 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | U-led, u-led device, display and method for the same |
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| US11610868B2 (en) | 2019-01-29 | 2023-03-21 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | μ-LED, μ-LED device, display and method for the same |
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| US12189280B2 (en) | 2019-05-23 | 2025-01-07 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Lighting arrangement, light guide arrangement and method |
| US12261256B2 (en) | 2019-02-11 | 2025-03-25 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Optoelectronic component, optoelectronic arrangement and method |
| US12266641B2 (en) | 2019-05-13 | 2025-04-01 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Multi-chip carrier structure |
| US12294039B2 (en) | 2019-09-20 | 2025-05-06 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Optoelectronic component, semiconductor structure and method |
| US12471413B2 (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2025-11-11 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | LED module, LED display module and method of manufacturing the same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5315513B2 (ja) * | 2011-07-12 | 2013-10-16 | 丸文株式会社 | 発光素子及びその製造方法 |
| DE102013103601A1 (de) | 2013-04-10 | 2014-10-16 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Optoelektronisches Bauelement und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines optoelektronischen Bauelements |
| US9929311B2 (en) | 2013-07-17 | 2018-03-27 | Marubun Corporation | Semiconductor light emitting element and method for producing the same |
| JP6281869B2 (ja) * | 2014-02-27 | 2018-02-21 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | 方向性結合器および合分波器デバイス |
| US9806229B2 (en) | 2014-03-06 | 2017-10-31 | Marubun Corporation | Deep ultraviolet LED and method for manufacturing the same |
| KR101848034B1 (ko) | 2015-01-16 | 2018-04-11 | 마루분 가부시키가이샤 | 심자외 led 및 그 제조 방법 |
| DE102015102365A1 (de) * | 2015-02-19 | 2016-08-25 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Strahlungskörper und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Strahlungskörpers |
| WO2017038961A1 (ja) | 2015-09-03 | 2017-03-09 | 丸文株式会社 | 深紫外led及びその製造方法 |
| EP3433604B1 (de) * | 2016-03-24 | 2022-03-30 | Illumina, Inc. | Vorrichtungen auf grundlage von photonischen übergittern zur verwendung bei der lumineszenz-bildgebung, und verfahren zu deren verwendung |
| JP6156898B1 (ja) | 2016-03-30 | 2017-07-05 | 丸文株式会社 | 深紫外led及びその製造方法 |
| US11309454B2 (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2022-04-19 | Marubun Corporation | Deep ultraviolet LED and method for producing the same |
| DE102019100624A1 (de) | 2019-01-11 | 2020-07-16 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Optoelektronisches halbleiterbauelement mit erster und zweiter dielektrischer schicht und verfahren zur herstellung des optoelektronischen halbleiterbauelements |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20120261642A1 (en) | 2012-10-18 |
| DE102009057780A1 (de) | 2011-06-16 |
| US8963120B2 (en) | 2015-02-24 |
| KR20120118005A (ko) | 2012-10-25 |
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