Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
  • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
  • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
  • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
  • G06K7/10237—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves the reader and the record carrier being capable of selectively switching between reader and record carrier appearance, e.g. in near field communication [NFC] devices where the NFC device may function as an RFID reader or as an RFID tag
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
  • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
  • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
  • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
  • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
  • G06K19/073—Special arrangements for circuits, e.g. for protecting identification code in memory
  • G06K19/07309—Means for preventing undesired reading or writing from or onto record carriers
  • G06K19/07345—Means for preventing undesired reading or writing from or onto record carriers by activating or deactivating at least a part of the circuit on the record carrier, e.g. ON/OFF switches
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
  • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
  • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
  • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
  • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
  • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
  • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
  • G06K19/07766—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card comprising at least a second communication arrangement in addition to a first non-contact communication arrangement
  • G06K19/07767—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card comprising at least a second communication arrangement in addition to a first non-contact communication arrangement the first and second communication means being two different antennas types, e.g. dipole and coil type, or two antennas of the same kind but operating at different frequencies
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
  • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
  • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
  • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
  • G06K7/10118—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves the sensing being preceded by at least one preliminary step
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
  • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
  • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
  • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
  • G06K7/10257—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves arrangements for protecting the interrogation against piracy attacks
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
  • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
  • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
  • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
  • G06K7/10316—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves using at least one antenna particularly designed for interrogating the wireless record carriers
  • G06K7/10356—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves using at least one antenna particularly designed for interrogating the wireless record carriers using a plurality of antennas, e.g. configurations including means to resolve interference between the plurality of antennas

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device, a method and a system for performing distance controllable short-range safety data communication between a radio frequency terminal and a radio frequency communication device, in particular to a radio frequency communication terminal including a radio frequency device (such as a radio frequency card) or a short-range radio frequency communication function.
• a radio frequency communication terminal including a radio frequency device (such as a radio frequency card) or a short-range radio frequency communication function.
• Distance control communication devices, systems, and secure communication methods such as cell phones, PDAs
• short-range RF communication devices such as POS or card readers; P0S, Point of Sales, point of sale.
• radio frequency communication terminals especially radio frequency cards
• mobile or fixed communication terminals have close-range communication functions, and in particular, the use of mobile radio communication terminals such as mobile phones to realize functions such as electronic payment is becoming more and more intense.
• a radio frequency function (called a radio frequency SIM card) added to the SIM (Subscr iber Ident I ty Module) card in the mobile phone or a short-range communication module on the mobile phone motherboard to realize the short-range communication of the mobile phone.
• SIM Subscriber iber Ident I ty Module
• the RF SIM-based mobile phone proximity solution has received wide attention because of its simplicity and no need to change the mobile phone.
• the RF SIM uses UHF (Ultra tra High Frequency) technology to make the RF SIM.
• UHF Ultra tra High Frequency
• the RF signal can still be transmitted from the mobile phone, so that the mobile phone can be equipped with short-distance communication without any structural changes to the existing mobile phone.
• different mobile phones have great differences in the transmission effect of radio frequency signals due to different internal structures.
• the radio frequency SIM card radio communication distance of a mobile phone with strong transmission may reach a distance of several meters, and the radio frequency SIM card communication distance of a mobile phone with weak transmission can also reach Dozens of centimeters.
• the contactless card technology based on the I S014443 standard can realize the controllable distance transaction.
• the card reader continuously transmits the alternating magnetic field to transmit signals and energy, and the internal coil can be close when the card is close to the card reader.
• Inductive energy is generated for the internal circuit of the contactless card, and the signal can be demodulated to realize communication between the card and the card reader. Since the magnetic field energy is drastically attenuated with distance, it is difficult to transmit to a long distance, so
• This technology enables controllable distance communication; in fact, this technology is difficult to apply to radio frequency cards in built-in devices, such as SIM cards. This is because products such as SIM cards have a small area and are embedded in the inside of the mobile phone.
• the alternating magnetic field will rapidly decay the eddy current, so that the magnetic energy of the magnetic field radiated by the reader And the signal can't penetrate the mobile phone and communicate with the RF SIM.
• the industry has not been able to solve this problem.
• the use of mobile phones in Japan for payment is more popular, but only the use of customized mobile phones to achieve the required short-range communication, the commercial cost of mobile payment is much higher than just replacing SIM. Cards to achieve mobile payment, the reason why Japan does not use only to replace the SIM card is because the I S014443 technology can not be implemented on the SIM card.
• the invention patent CN200810142624. 1 proposes a system and method for controlling the radio frequency communication distance of a mobile terminal.
• the method first establishes a corresponding near-field map for each type of radio frequency mobile terminal on the radio frequency control terminal by using a test method;
• the matching degree between the field strength of the current radio frequency mobile terminal and the near field picture i incense obtained by the matching algorithm is compared; the matching degree obtained is matched with the corresponding type radio frequency mobile terminal preset in the radio frequency control terminal
• the threshold values are compared to determine whether the distance between the current RF mobile terminal and the RF control terminal is within a specified range.
• the method requires obtaining a near-field map of each radio frequency control terminal by means of experiments and the like, which is called calibration, which is required to be high and complicated; and the method is based on the field strength of the radio frequency signal, is susceptible to interference by radio frequency signals, and the system is shielded and Eliminating this interference requires complex methods to achieve. Summary of the invention
• the present invention proposes a distance control problem for a close-range transaction of a radio frequency device (especially a radio frequency card built in a device, such as a radio frequency SIM card) and a radio frequency card reader.
• the communication system uses the magnetic field for communication authentication to confirm the transaction distance and submit the identity of the trader, and then uses the high-frequency RF signal to penetrate the internal structure of the mobile phone and realize the characteristics of high-speed data exchange to complete the identity confirmation and normal transaction, thereby realizing the controllable distance. Close-range secure communication.
• Such a system can reliably control the data communication distance (ie, the transaction distance) of a radio frequency communication terminal (such as a mobile phone equipped with a radio frequency SIM card) containing a radio frequency device and a radio frequency communication device (reader) to be within a prescribed range.
• a radio frequency communication terminal such as a mobile phone equipped with a radio frequency SIM card
• reader a radio frequency communication device
• the radio frequency device of the present invention comprises at least one radio frequency transceiver module, at least one radio frequency antenna, at least one magnetic induction and receiving module capable of sensing a magnetic field and detecting change information of the magnetic field, and at least one microcontroller; the radio frequency transceiver module respectively And electrically connected to the at least one radio frequency antenna and the at least one micro controller, wherein the micro controller is configured to process the transceived radio frequency information; the magnetic induction and receiving module is electrically connected to the at least one micro controller, and the micro controller is used by the micro controller The information on the change of the magnetic field is processed.
• the magnetic induction and receiving module may be a solenoid coil, a Hall device or a magnetic induction switch.
• radio frequency transceiver module the radio frequency antenna, the micro controller, the magnetic induction and the receiving module are all integrated in one card body.
• the sensing distance of the magnetic induction and receiving module is set within a preset distance. Further, when the magnetic induction and receiving module does not sense a magnetic field, the radio frequency transceiver module and the microcontroller (which may also include other modules on the radio frequency device) are in a sleep state; when the magnetic induction and receiving module senses a magnetic field, The sensed magnetic field signal is converted into an electrical signal and the RF transceiver module and the microcontroller are activated (other modules on the RF device can also be activated simultaneously).
• the magnetic induction and receiving module is pre-set with a threshold value or a threshold value range, and when the converted electrical signal meets the threshold value or the threshold value range, the radio frequency transceiver module and the microcontroller are activated. (It is also possible to activate other modules on the RF device at the same time), otherwise it will not be activated.
• the preset threshold or threshold range in the magnetic induction and receiving module can be adjusted.
• the radio frequency device is directly integrated in an IC card, an SDI0 card, an SD card, an MMC card, a device motherboard or a device housing. That is, the radio device can be combined with other cards (such as SIM cards), motherboards or The device is integrated into one.
• the radio frequency device may directly use an IC card, an SDI0 card, an SD card, an MMC card, or a CPU on a device motherboard as its microcontroller.
• the radio frequency device is placed in a mobile device or a fixed device.
• the removable device may be: a mobile phone, a personal digital assistant PDA or a notebook computer;
• the fixed device may be: a personal computer, an industrial control computer, an automatic teller machine ATM or an access terminal.
• the present invention also provides a radio frequency card reader, comprising: at least one radio frequency transceiver module, at least one radio frequency antenna, at least one microcontroller, and the radio frequency transceiver module is electrically connected to at least one radio frequency antenna and at least one microcontroller respectively
• the microcontroller is configured to process the transceived radio frequency information; further comprising at least one magnetic emission module for generating and transmitting an induced magnetic field, the magnetic emission module being electrically connected to the at least one micro-controller, the magnetic emission The module is capable of transmitting a magnetic field based on the command information of the microcontroller.
• the magnetic field emitted by the magnetic emission module is a non-alternating magnetic field.
• the magnetic field emitted by the magnetic emission module is an alternating magnetic field of a very low frequency.
• the frequency of the alternating magnetic field is ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ to 0.1 ⁇ .
• the frequency of the alternating magnetic field is 30 kHz to 1 Torr.
• the frequency of the alternating magnetic field is 50 ⁇ , 30 ⁇ , 20 ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ , 5 KHz, 2 KHz or 1 ⁇ .
• the magnetic emission module emits an amplitude variable magnetic field according to the instruction information of the microcontroller. Further, the magnetic field emitted by the magnetic emission module is a magnetic field that does not change the magnetic field distribution or seldom changes the magnetic field distribution.
• the emission distance of the magnetic emission module is set within a preset distance.
• the magnetic emission module modulates the command information into the emitted magnetic field.
• the modulation method is an open key control method or a time modulation method.
• the foregoing technical solutions may also be combined with each other to form a radio frequency card with more preferred technical solutions.
• the invention also provides a radio frequency secure communication system, which system comprises any of the radio devices described above, any of the foregoing.
• the radio frequency card reader; the radio frequency device and the radio frequency card reader are controlled by a magnetic field, the magnetic field and the radio frequency are used for identity authentication, and the information is communicated through the radio frequency.
• the invention also provides a radio frequency safety communication method.
• at least one magnetic induction and receiving module capable of sensing a magnetic field and detecting a change of a magnetic field is provided on the radio frequency device; at least one of the radio frequency card readers is provided
• the magnetic emission module for generating and emitting an induced magnetic field specifically includes the following steps:
• Step a The magnetic transmitting module on the radio frequency card reader modulates the preset command information into the magnetic field signal, and sends the magnetic field signal outward;
• Step b After the magnetic induction and receiving module on the radio frequency device receives the magnetic field signal from the magnetic transmitting module, demodulate the command information therein;
• Step c The radio frequency device sends corresponding radio frequency information to the radio frequency card reader through the radio frequency channel according to the demodulated instruction information;
• Step d The radio frequency card reader performs identity authentication according to the radio frequency information received by the radio frequency channel; Step e: If the identity authentication is passed, the radio frequency card reader and the radio frequency device start to communicate information through the radio frequency; otherwise, no operation is performed. .
• the magnetic field emitted by the magnetic emission module is a non-alternating magnetic field.
• the magnetic field emitted by the magnetic emission module is an alternating magnetic field of a very low frequency.
• the frequency of the alternating magnetic field is ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ to 0.1 ⁇
• the frequency of the alternating magnetic field is 30 kHz to 1 ⁇
• the frequency of the alternating magnetic field is 50 ⁇ 30 ⁇ 20 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , 5 KHz 2KHz or 1 ⁇ .
• the magnetic emission module emits an amplitude variable magnetic field according to preset instruction information.
• the magnetic field emitted by the magnetic emission module is a magnetic field that does not change the magnetic field distribution or seldom changes the magnetic field distribution.
• the modulation method in the step a is an on-key control method or a time modulation method.
• the radio frequency device sends the demodulated instruction information directly to the radio frequency card reader through the radio frequency channel; in the step e, if the radio frequency card reader receives the radio frequency device from the radio frequency channel, If the command information is the same as the preset command information, the identity authentication is passed, otherwise the identity authentication fails.
• the emission distance of the magnetic emission module is set within a preset distance.
• the sensing distance of the magnetic induction and receiving module is set within a preset distance. Further, when the magnetic induction and receiving module does not sense a magnetic field, other modules on the radio frequency device are in a sleep state; when the magnetic induction and receiving module senses a magnetic field, the induced magnetic field signal is converted into an electrical signal. And activating other modules on the radio frequency device.
• the magnetic induction and receiving module is pre-set with a threshold value or a threshold value range, and when the converted electrical signal meets the threshold value or the threshold value range, the other modules on the radio frequency device are activated, otherwise activation.
• the preset threshold or threshold range in the magnetic induction and receiving module can be adjusted.
• the distance control problem in the short-distance transaction of the radio frequency device especially the radio frequency card built in the device, such as the radio frequency SIM card
• the radio frequency card reader can be well overcome in the prior art.
• the communication distance between the radio frequency card and the radio frequency card reader is first controlled by the magnetic field, and the magnetic field can be used for identity verification, and at the same time, the radio frequency can be reliably used. Communication (eg, authentication, contactless electronic transactions).
• the magnetic field emitted by the magnetic emission module of the radio frequency card reader of the present invention is a non-alternating magnetic field.
• the magnetic field energy rapidly decays with the increase of the distance, and the magnetic field characteristics are relatively less susceptible to the surrounding environment, and its characteristics are more stable and reliable; but the alternating magnetic field in the magnetic field and the non-alternating magnetic field (such as static magnetic field)
• the penetrating power of an object exhibits very different characteristics.
• the 13.56 MHz non-contact IC card system using the IS014443 technology uses an alternating magnetic field for communication.
• the radio frequency IC card is placed inside a terminal such as a mobile phone, it is subjected to metal parts inside the mobile phone and metal parts of the outer casing. Influence, the magnetic signal of the card reader is difficult to penetrate these metals to establish communication with the IC card, and this situation is more serious for the metal case of the mobile phone.
• the alternating magnetic field is an alternating magnetic field of intermediate frequency or high frequency, such as an alternating magnetic field of 125 kHz or more, or an alternating magnetic field of 1 MHz or more (for example, 13.56 MHz alternating in IS014443 technology). magnetic field).
• the signal may be unstable or the signal may be too weak, resulting in a situation in which communication is impossible.
• the position of the magnetic field lines does not change greatly.
• the metal object approaches the magnetic field and remains stationary, it does not produce the cutting magnetic field motion.
• the metal object does not generate eddy currents inside, and the magnetic field can easily penetrate the metal.
• the excellent penetration capability of the non-alternating magnetic field is utilized to realize the controllable short-range safety communication, and the signal penetration that cannot be solved by the conventional electromagnetic field communication and the alternating magnetic communication can be solved. And the core technical problem of controllable communication distance.
• the disadvantage of the non-alternating magnetic field is that the modulation rate that can be carried thereon is not high, for example, the communication rate may be less than 1 kHz, and the radio frequency card reader of the present invention only uses it to transmit a very small amount of information code to the radio frequency card for Interacting with the radio frequency card to confirm identity and prevent malicious attacks, therefore, the problem has no effect on the application of the present invention.
• the system is characterized by the existence of two communication channels of different characteristics (taking a radio frequency SIM card placed in a mobile device as an example).
• the distance formed by communication using non-alternating magnetic field is stable and controllable.
• the low-rate one-way first communication channel transmits small data amount information for identity authentication to prevent malicious interference attacks.
• the radio frequency card reader can change the magnetic field strength according to the command information by controlling the magnetic emission module without changing or seldom changing the magnetic field distribution to avoid eddy current, and enhance the magnetic field penetration.
• the magnetic induction and receiving module in the radio frequency SIM card can The change of the induced magnetic field strength and the extraction of the change information, thereby realizing the one-way information transmission between the radio frequency card reader and the radio frequency SIM card, the information is used together with the radio frequency SIM card to confirm the identity of the transaction subject such as the radio frequency card reader.
• the radio frequency card reader and the radio frequency SIM card can directly realize high-speed communication of radio frequency signals through the radio frequency transceiver module, and use the information transmitted by the magnetic induction to complete the radio frequency card reader and the radio frequency SIM card through the radio frequency signal communication. Authenticate between and complete normal transactions.
• the magnetic field especially the non-alternating magnetic field energy, rapidly decays with the increase of the distance, and the magnetic field characteristics are relatively unaffected by the surrounding environment.
• the magnetic field energy is reliably attenuated by the inherent law regardless of whether there is a metal object, a conductive material or a human body.
• the use of magnetic fields to transmit information is predictable and highly reliable over a short range.
• the non-interchangeable magnetic modulation close-range radio frequency safety communication system is based on the characteristic of the magnetic field to realize the controllable distance of the short-range communication.
• the non-interchangeable magnetic modulation short-range radio frequency safety communication system can preset the maximum emission intensity of the magnetic emission module and the receiving sensitivity of the magnetic induction and receiving module such that the maximum sensing distance is the set target distance. For example, the following methods can be used to achieve controlled distance secure communication:
• the radio frequency SIM card sends the information A2 to the radio frequency card through the radio frequency channel formed by the first radio frequency transceiver module and the second radio frequency transceiver module, the card reader receives the information through the radio frequency channel and obtains the information A3;
• the radio frequency card reader compares the received information A3 with the original information A1 transmitted by the magnetic modulation. If the same, the communication is determined to be initiated by the card reader itself, which is a legal transaction; and due to the magnetic field capability itself It is difficult to radiate far away characteristics, and it can also judge that the current communication distance is within the set distance range and enter the normal transaction process.
• the information such as Al, A2, and A3 may be the same information, or may be information after being processed, such as after being encrypted by an agreed key or processed by other predetermined processing methods. Information, which can better guarantee the security of the transaction.
• the radio frequency card reader described in step 2) of the foregoing distance control method modulates information onto a magnetic field without significantly changing the field strength distribution.
• the methods that can be used include:
• On-off key control (00K) method This method is a simple modulation format, which is modulated by turning on or off the magnetic field signal source according to the signal bit.
• 3 is a schematic diagram of a simple magnetic communication 00K modulation method. As shown in FIG. 3, an electromagnetic device and a switch are disposed on the radio frequency card reader, and when the switch is turned off, the electromagnetic device is activated to generate a static magnetic field, and when the switch opens the magnetic field Eliminate; set a magnetic induction sensor (such as a Hall device) on the RF SIM card. When there is a magnetic field, the magnetic induction device outputs a high level.
• a magnetic induction sensor such as a Hall device
• the magnetic induction device When there is no magnetic field, the magnetic induction device outputs a low level; according to the information bit is "1" Or “0” sequentially turns off or turns on the switch, correspondingly generates a magnetic field or turns off the magnetic field, and the magnetic induction sensor can output high level and low level correspondingly, corresponding to information bits "1" and "0", to realize information modulation and transmission; 2) Time modulation method: By controlling the emission time of the magnetic transmitter, the magnetic induction and the receiver time the received magnetic field signal, and the magnetic field has different time corresponding to different binary values, such as 10ms corresponding to T, 20ms corresponding to '0';
• the steps 3 and 4 of the foregoing distance control method implement the transmission and reception of the information A2 to obtain an encrypted manner to avoid an illegal malicious attack; in addition, in the step 3 of the distance control method, the radio frequency may also be The identity information of the SIM card itself is added to the radio frequency card reader in the information A2 to implement two-way identity authentication.
• the non-interchangeable magnetic modulation short-range radio frequency safety communication system may reduce the power consumption of the radio frequency SIM card by using a sleep timing wake-up method, which has been described in the foregoing. Therefore, it will not be repeated.
• the magnetic induction and receiving module in the radio frequency SIM card can also be connected to the first radio frequency transceiver module including the signal processing function in the card, and the transceiver module can detect and extract the output signal of the magnetic induction and receiving module and transmit the signal to the first microprocessor. .
• the mobile communication terminal including the radio frequency SIM card in the system may also be a mobile communication terminal with a short-range radio frequency communication function, that is, the first radio frequency transceiver module is built in the mobile communication terminal to interact with the radio frequency reading card.
• the device realizes close communication.
• the magnetic induction and receiving module in the radio frequency SIM card may be a solenoid coil, a Hall device or a magnetic induction switch.
• the frequency band of the first radio frequency transceiver module of the radio frequency SIM card and the second radio frequency transceiver module of the radio frequency card reader is UHF SHF band, VHF VHF band or UHF UHF band.
• the invention solves the problem of distance control and identity authentication in the close-range transaction of the radio frequency device (especially the radio frequency card built in the device, such as the radio frequency SIM card) and the radio frequency card reader.
• a non-interchangeable magnetic modulation technique is adopted, which is compared with the alternating magnetic modulation technology, and the technical effect is: using a non-alternating magnetic field to rapidly attenuate with distance and more than an alternating magnetic field.
• Non-interchangeable magnetic modulation information communication technology to achieve identity confirmation, prevent malicious attacks, enhance system communication robustness, and combine non-interchangeable magnetic modulation communication distance with near and reliable RF
• the signal bandwidth is wide and the characteristics of the mobile phone terminal can be transmitted to realize the key applications such as mobile payment with commercial value; since the non-alternating magnetic field energy transfer and the sensing have little correlation with the external structure of the mobile communication terminal itself, thereby ensuring different
• the consistency of the sensed signal strength of the radio frequency device in the mobile communication terminal facilitates the effective promotion and application of the radio frequency device, especially the radio frequency SIM card.
• the alternating magnetic field used in the prior art is at least above 125 kHz, and the alternating magnetic field above this frequency has a poor penetration effect if used in the present invention.
• an alternating magnetic field with a very low frequency (below ⁇ ⁇ ) can achieve a certain magnetic penetration effect, so it is also possible to use a very low frequency alternating magnetic field instead of a non-alternating magnetic field to achieve communication. If you want to achieve better communication, the lower the frequency of the alternating magnetic field, the better, but not too low. If it is too low, it will affect the communication rate. For example, it is better not less than 0.1.
• frequencies such as 80 kHz, 60 kHz, 50 kHz, 30 kHz, 20 kHz, 10 kHz, 5 kHz, 2 kHz, 1 kHz, 0.5 kHz, 0.3 kHz, and the like can be selected.
• frequencies such as 80 kHz, 60 kHz, 50 kHz, 30 kHz, 20 kHz, 10 kHz, 5 kHz, 2 kHz, 1 kHz, 0.5 kHz, 0.3 kHz, and the like can be selected.
• 30KHz to ⁇ , or 20KHz to ⁇ , or 1 OKHz to ⁇ frequency you can get good communication results.
• the technical solution of using a non-alternating magnetic field has a better effect in communication.
• the technical solution of using non-alternating magnetic fields is easier to implement, the magnetic field penetration is stronger, and the communication effect is better.
• FIG. 1 is a logic block diagram of a radio frequency SIM card of the present invention
• FIG. 2 is a logic block diagram of a radio frequency card reader of the present invention
• Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a simple magnetic communication 00K modulation method
• Figure 4 is a schematic view of the distance control system of the present invention.
• Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the distance control process of the present invention.
• Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of the present invention for communication using a very low frequency alternating magnetic field. detailed description
• a radio frequency S IM card 100 includes an S IM card body 105 , a first radio frequency transceiver module 101 , a first radio frequency antenna 102 , and a first micro controller 10 3 .
• the first RF antenna 102 and the first microcontroller 103 are electrically connected to each other, and further includes a magnetic sensing and receiving module 104.
• the magnetic sensing and receiving module 104 is electrically connected to the first microcontroller 103.
• the magnetic sensing and receiving module 104 can be implemented by using a solenoid coil, a Hall device or a magnetic induction switch in the conventional art, or by using a Hall magnetic sensor in conjunction with an analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion circuit.
• A/D analog-to-digital
• a radio frequency card reader 200 is used in conjunction with the radio frequency SIM card 100, and includes a second radio frequency transceiver module 201, a second radio frequency antenna 202, and a second micro controller 203.
• the RF transceiver module 201 is electrically connected to the second RF antenna 202 and the second microcontroller 203, respectively, and further includes a magnetic emission module 204 for generating an induced magnetic field.
• the magnetic emission module 204 is electrically connected to the second microcontroller 203.
• the magnetic emission module 204 can be realized by using a permanent magnet, a DC electromagnet or an equivalent device. By using a lower frequency 00K modulation method, the magnetic field can be used when the magnetic field is strong, the magnetic field is weak, or the time is zero.
• the signal is sent to the magnetic induction and receiving module 104, which is then converted into a digital electrical signal by the magnetic sensing and receiving module 104, and provided to the first microcontroller 103 for processing.
• the radio frequency SIM card 1 QQ is close to the radio frequency card reader 2QQ, the magnetic induction and receiving module 104 senses a matching magnetic field signal generated by the magnetic emission module 204, and the magnetic field signal is converted into an electrical signal.
• the first microcontroller 103 is sent to the first microcontroller 103 of the RF SIM card, and the first microcontroller 103 analyzes the modulation information such as the magnitude of the magnetic field intensity variation, thereby implementing information transmission between the RF card reader 200 and the RF SIM card 100.
• the radio frequency card reader 200 and the radio frequency SIM card 100 directly implement radio frequency signal communication through the first radio frequency transceiver module 101 and the second radio frequency transceiver module 201.
• the "microcontroller 103 analyzes the magnetic field intensity variation law to extract amplitude and other modulation information".
• the actual application method may be a 00K modulation and demodulation method, that is, the binary signal can be determined and recovered by detecting the presence or absence (or strength) of the magnetic field. '0' and T.
• the radio frequency communication process between the radio frequency SIM card 100 as the smart radio frequency card and the radio frequency card reader 200 is briefly described below with reference to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, that is, the specific control of the non-interchangeable magnetic induction distance control method of the radio frequency communication of the present invention. Process.
• Step 1 In the normal state, that is, when the radio frequency SIM card 100 is not close to the radio frequency card reader 200, the first radio frequency transceiver module 101 and the first micro controller 103 of the radio frequency SIM card are in a dormant state.
• the radio frequency SIM card 100 is in a state in which data cannot be transmitted and received through the first radio frequency transceiver module, and the power consumption of the entire card is also at a minimum state.
• Step 2 When the radio frequency SIM card 1 QQ is close to the radio frequency card reader 2 QQ, the radio frequency SIM card 100 is in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic emission module 204 of the radio frequency card reader 100, and the magnetic induction of the radio frequency SIM card 100
• the receiving module 104 senses the magnetic field signal A1 of the magnetic emission module 204, and the magnetic field signal may be a 00K modulation signal, or may be a signal modulated by controlling the magnetic field emission time;
• Step 3 the induced magnetic field signal is After the conversion process is performed to the specific electrical signal A2, the first radio frequency transceiver module 101 is activated and activated (it may also be determined according to a preset electrical signal threshold value), and the radio frequency SIM card 100 processes the information formed by the information A2. A3, and sent to the radio frequency card through a radio frequency channel composed of a first radio frequency transceiver module and a second radio frequency transceiver module Cry.
• Step 4 The radio frequency card reader will receive the information A3 for comparison and identification. If it is passed, it is judged that the communication is initiated by the card reader itself, and the magnetic field capability itself is difficult to radiate far away, and the current time can be judged. The transaction is a legal transaction that meets the distance requirement. If it is not legal, the connection is directly disconnected;
• Step 5 After determining that the transaction is a legal transaction satisfying the distance requirement, the first radio frequency transceiver module 101 of the radio frequency SIM card 100 and the second radio frequency transceiver module 201 of the radio frequency card reader 200 (by the respective first radio frequency The antenna 102 and the second RF antenna 202) exchange processing RF transaction data;
• Step 6 The first microcontroller 103 and the second microcontroller 203 process the transaction data.
• the threshold value of the first radio frequency transceiver module 101 activated by the magnetically induced electrical signal can be adjusted.
• the electrical signal activates a threshold value, which may be a voltage value or a current value in an analog circuit, or a binary serial code in a digital circuit.
• a threshold value which may be a voltage value or a current value in an analog circuit, or a binary serial code in a digital circuit.
• the radio frequency SIM card 100 only the radio frequency card reader 200 modulates and transmits the binary signal "100111 01" through the magnetic transmitting module. After the radio frequency SIM card 100 detects and demodulates the signal "10011 01", the two can start to connect and enter the subsequent communication process.
• the frequency band in which the first radio frequency transceiver module 101 of the radio frequency SIM card 100 and the second radio frequency transceiver module 201 of the radio frequency card reader 200 operate is an ultra high frequency SHF band, a very high frequency VHF band or a UHF UHF band.
• the solenoid coil, the Hall device or the magnetic induction switch used by the magnetic induction and receiving module 104, and the permanent magnets, DC electromagnets and the like used in the magnetic emission module 204 are common technologies, wherein the Hall device It is a magnetic field sensor or controller made according to the Hall effect.
• the electromagnetic signal conversion processing can be performed in the magnetic induction and receiving module 104, or can be processed in the first microcontroller 103.
• the simplest processing method can be demodulated by 00K.
• the method of processing that is, detecting the presence or absence of a magnetic field to determine and recover the binary signals '0, and ⁇ . It can also be performed by means of time demodulation, that is, by recognizing the time of the magnetic field emitted by the magnetic transmitting module, for example, continuously receiving 10 ms to satisfy the required magnetic field signal representation T, and continuously receiving 20 ms to satisfy the required magnetic field signal representation ' 0,.
• Figure 6 is a simplified example of low frequency alternating magnetic field communication using 00K modulation method.
• a low frequency signal generator, a coil antenna and a switch are arranged on the radio frequency reader, and the low frequency when the switch is off.
• the signal generates a low-frequency alternating magnetic field on the coil, and the low-frequency alternating magnetic field is eliminated when the switch is turned on;
• a magnetic induction coil and a magnetic induction sensor are disposed on the radio frequency SIM card, and when there is an alternating magnetic field, the magnetic induction coil and the magnetic induction sensor output an alternating signal.
• the switch When there is no magnetic field, it outputs low level; according to the information bit being "1” or "0", the switch is turned off or on, the magnetic field is generated or the magnetic field is turned off, and the magnetic induction sensor can output the alternating signal and the low level in sequence. (No signal), the information bits "1” and “0” can be demodulated by filtering and 00K demodulation circuit to realize information modulation and transmission.

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